Earth Sciences, Geography & Environment Books

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Book SynopsisLimitations of Linear Regression Applied on Ecological Data.- Things are not Always Linear; Additive Modelling.- Dealing with Heterogeneity.- Mixed Effects Modelling for Nested Data.- Violation of Independence Part I.- Violation of Independence Part II.- Meet the Exponential Family.- GLM and GAM for Count Data.- GLM and GAM for AbsencePresence and Proportional Data.- Zero-Truncated and Zero-Inflated Models for Count Data.- Generalised Estimation Equations.- GLMM and GAMM.- Estimating Trends for Antarctic Birds in Relation to Climate Change.- Large-Scale Impacts of Land-Use Change in a Scottish Farming Catchment.- Negative Binomial GAM and GAMM to Analyse Amphibian Roadkills.- Additive Mixed Modelling Applied on Deep-Sea Pelagic Bioluminescent Organisms.- Additive Mixed Modelling Applied on Phytoplankton Time Series Data.- Mixed Effects Modelling Applied on American Foulbrood Affecting Honey Bees Larvae.- Three-Way Nested Data for Age Determination Techniques Applied to Cetaceans.- GLTrade ReviewFrom the reviews:"For many people dealing with statistics is like jumping into ice-cold water. This metaphor is depicted by the cover of this book … . full of excellent example code and for most graphs and analyses the code is printed and explained in detail. … Each example finishes with … valuable information for a person new to a technique. In summary, I highly recommend the book to anyone who is familiar with basic statistics … who wants to expand his/her statistical knowledge to analyse ecological data." (Bernd Gruber, Basic and Applied Ecology, Vol. 10, 2009)"This book is written in a very approachable conversational style. The additional focus on the heuristics of the process rather than just a rote recital of theory and equations is commendable. This type of approach helps the reader get behind the ‘why’ of what’s being done rather than blindly follow a simple list of rules.… In short, this text is good for researchers with at least a little familiarity with the basic concepts of modeling and who want some solid stop-by-stop guidance with examples on how common ecological modeling tasks are accomplished using R." (Aaron Christ, Journal of Statistical Software, November 2009, Vol. 32)"The authors succeed in explaining complex extensions of regression in largely nonmathematical terms and clearly present appropriate R code for each analysis. A major strength of the text is that instead of relying on idealized datasets … the authors use data from consulting projects or dissertation research to expose issues associated with ‘real’ data. … The book is well written and accessible … . the volume should be a useful reference for advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and experienced professionals working in the biological sciences." (Paul E. Bourdeau, The Quarterly Review of Biology, Vol. 84, December, 2009)“This is a companion volume to Analyzing Ecology Data by the same authors. …It extends the previous work by looking at more complex general and generalized linear models involving mixed effects or heterogeneity in variances. It is aimed at statistically sophisticated readers who have a good understanding of multiple regression models… .The pedagogical style is informal… . The authors are pragmatists—they use combinations of informal graphical approaches, formal hypothesis testing, and information-theoretical model selection methods when analyzing data. …Advanced graduate students in ecology or ecologists with several years of experience with ‘messy’ data would find this book useful. …Statisticians would find this book interesting for the nice explorations of many of the issues with messy data. This book would be (very) suitable for a graduate course on statistical consulting—indeed, students would learn a great deal about the use of sophisticated statistical models in ecology! …I very much liked this book (and also the previous volume). I enjoyed the nontechnical presentations of the complex ideas and their emphasis that a good analysis uses ‘simple statistical methods wherever possible, but doesn’t use them simplistically.’” (Biometrics, Summer 2009, 65, 992–993)“This book is a great introduction to a wide variety of regression models. … This text examines how to fit many alternative models using the statistical package R. … The text is a valuable reference … . A large number of real datasets are used as examples. Discussion on which model to use and the large number of recent references make the book useful for self study … .” (David J. Olive, Technometrics, Vol. 52 (4), November, 2010)Table of ContentsLimitations of linear regression applied on ecological data. - Things are not always linear; additive modelling. - Dealing with hetergeneity. - Mixed modelling for nested data. - Violation of independence - temporal data. - Violation of independence; spatial data. - Generalised linear modelling and generalised additive modelling. - Generalised estimation equations. - GLMM and GAMM. - Estimating trends for Antarctic birds in relation to climate change. - Large-scale impacts of land-use change in a Scottish farming catchment. - Negative binomial GAM and GAMM to analyse amphibian road killings. - Additive mixed modelling applied on deep-sea plagic bioluminescent organisms. - Additive mixed modelling applied on phyoplankton time series data. - Mixed modelling applied on American Fouldbrood affecting honey bees larvae. - Three-way nested data for age determination techniques applied to small cetaceans. - GLMM applied on the spatial distribution of koalas in a fragmented landscape. - GEE and GLMM applied on binomial Badger activity data.

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Book SynopsisThis book outlines the creative process of making environmental management decisions using the approach called Structured Decision Making. It is a short introductory guide to this popular form of decision making and is aimed at environmental managers and scientists. This is a distinctly pragmatic label given to ways for helping individuals and groups think through tough multidimensional choices characterized by uncertain science, diverse stakeholders, and difficult tradeoffs. This is the everyday reality of environmental management, yet many important decisions currently are made on an ad hoc basis that lacks a solid value-based foundation, ignores key information, and results in selection of an inferior alternative. Making progress in a way that is rigorous, inclusive, defensible and transparent requires combining analytical methods drawn from the decision sciences and applied ecology with deliberative insights from cognitive psychology, facilitation and negoTrade Review"I recommend this book to anyone who must function at the interface between environmental science and decision making. Even if you do not have the opportunity to implement the full structured decision-making process, it will give you a better idea of how to think about your role and those of the other parties. The authors write clearly and forcefully." (Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM)), 1 October 2012) "I highly recommend the groundbreaking and very accessible book Structured Decision Making: A Practical Guide to Environmental Management Choices by Robin Gregory, Lee Failing, Michael Harstone, Graham Long, Tim McDaniels, Dan Ohlson, to anyone in resource management, risk analysis, land use planning, industry leadership, environmental NGOs, facilitation and negotiation, government, policy making, academia, and undergraduate or graduate studies who is seeking a clear and concise approach to developing workable solutions to even the most challenging environmental problems." (Blog Business World, 13 August 2012)Table of ContentsForeword vii Preface ix 1 Structuring Environmental Management Choices 1 2 Foundations of Structured Decision Making 21 3 Decision Sketching 47 4 Understanding Objectives 69 5 Identifying Performance Measures 93 6 Incorporating Uncertainty 122 7 Creating Alternatives 150 8 Characterizing Consequences 173 9 Making Trade-Offs 208 10 Learning 239 11 Reality Check: Implementation 262 12 Conclusion 282 Index 289

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Book SynopsisFiscal crises have cascaded across much of the developing world with devastating results, from Mexico to Indonesia, Russia and Argentina. The extreme volatility in contemporary economic fortunes seems to mock our best efforts to understand the forces that drive development in the world economy.David Harvey, the single most important geographer writing today and a leading social theorist of our age, offers a comprehensive critique of contemporary capitalism. In this fascinating book, he shows the way forward for just such an understanding, enlarging upon the key themes in his recent work: the development of neoliberalism, the spread of inequalities across the globe, and 'space' as a key theoretical concept.Both a major declaration of a new research programme and a concise introduction to David Harvey's central concerns, this book will be essential reading for scholars and students across the humanities and social sciences.Trade ReviewHarvey is a scholarly radical; his writing is free of journalistic clichés, full of facts and carefully thought-through ideas. -- Richard SennettDavid Harvey provoked a revolution in his field and has inspired a generation of radical intellectuals. -- Naomi Klein, author of No Is Not Enough and This Changes Everything

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Book SynopsisIn 2006 Abu Dhabi launched an ambitious project to construct the world’s first zero-carbon city: Masdar City. In Spaceship in the Desert Gökçe Günel examines the development and construction of Masdar City''s renewable energy and clean technology infrastructures, providing an illuminating portrait of an international group of engineers, designers, and students who attempted to build a post-oil future in Abu Dhabi. While many of Masdar''s initiatives—such as developing a new energy currency and a driverless rapid transit network—have stalled or not met expectations, Günel analyzes how these initiatives contributed to rendering the future a thinly disguised version of the fossil-fueled present. Spaceship in the Desert tells the story of Masdar, at once a “utopia” sponsored by the Emirati government, and a well-resourced company involving different actors who participated in the project, each with their own agendas andTrade Review"Spaceship in the Desert is the fascinating story of a 'zero-carbon eco-city' that demonstrates the stark difference between vision and reality. . . . Günel’s first-hand reportage is insightful and objective." -- Barry Silverstein * Foreword Reviews *"The book is not only a rich ethnographic description of Masdar in all of its intricacies, but also a larger reflection on how global risks are framed according to the beliefs and situated actions of various interest groups." -- Gerardo del Cerro Santamaría * International Journal of Urban and Regional Research *"The global climate crisis is serious, but Günel shows that our attempts to tackle it are less so. . . . Our contemporary moral mess, from the GCC to Massachusetts, can be seen all too clearly through the pages of Günel’s account." -- Deen Sharp * Public Books *"Günel’s deft ethnographic sensibilities and creatively designed fieldwork further distinguish her contributions to anthropological studies of climate change, governance, knowledge production, infrastructure, materialism, and futurity more broadly. . . . Through fascinating and critical ethnographic descriptions, Günel offers a piercing glimpse into the front-lines of global climate change action." -- Gebhard Keny * Ethnos *"Spaceship in the Desert is a timely contribution to a growing field of anthropological scholarship on energy. . . . This book has the potential to attract readers from across the social sciences, not just within anthropology. The richness of ethnographic detail drawn in connection with the work of key thinkers may satisfy some readers." -- Idalina Baptista * Anthropological Quarterly *"Compelling and thought-provoking. . . . Günel encourages us as academics and as persons to rethink, renegotiate, and recreate our imaginations of the future through climate change technologies that do not preserve the status quo, but rather, alter it in the present." -- Hai Ri (Sophia) Jeon * Anthropology Book Forum *“[Günel’s] brilliant ethnography of Masdar reminds us of the limits of the third pilot of Spaceship Earth—the market.... Günel’s study also shows how the scope of climate change demands administrative bodies beyond corporations and states.” -- Troy Vettese * Viewpoint Magazine *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments vii Introduction. The Soul of Carbon Dioxide 1 Part I. Knowledge 1. Inhabiting the Spaceship 37 2. Beautiful Buildings and Research Contracts 65 Part II. Technology 3. Ergos: A New Energy Currency 101 4. An Expensive Toy 127 Part III. Governance 5. Subsurface Workings 157 Epilogue. The Potential Futures of Abu Dhabi's Masdar 183 Notes 199 References 237 Index 249

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Book SynopsisReviews the latest advances in biofuel manufacturing technologies and discusses the deployment of other renewable energy for transportation Aimed at providing an interface useful to business and scientific managers, this book focuses on the key challenges that still impede the realization of the billion-ton renewable fuels vision. It places great emphasis on a global view of the topic, reviewing deployment and green energy technology in different countries across Africa, Asia, South America, the EU, and the USA. It also integrates scientific, technological, and business development perspectives to highlight the key developments that are necessary for the global replacement of fossil fuels with green energy solutions. Green Energy to Sustainability: Strategies for Global Industries examines the most recent developments in biofuel manufacturing technologies in light of business, financial, value chain, and supply chain concerns. It also covers the use of otTable of ContentsAbout the Editors xxi List of Contributors xxv Foreword xxxi Preface xxxiii Part I Structure of the Energy Business 1 1 Economic Growth and the Global Energy Demand 3Jürgen Scheffran, Miriam Felkers and Rebecca Froese 1.1 Historical Context and Relationship Between Energy and Development 3 1.2 Conceptual Framework for Pathways of Energy Use 6 1.3 World Population Trends and Prospects 7 1.4 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Economic Growth 8 1.5 Global Energy Development 11 1.6 Global Emissions of Greenhouse Gases 14 1.7 Linkages Between Kaya Factors 16 1.8 Development of Energy Investment 28 1.9 Conditions for Energy Transition and Decarbonization 31 1.10 Perspectives 37 Acknowledgments 38 References 38 2 The Energy Mix in Japan Post-Fukushima 45Seiji Nakagame 2.1 Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions by Japan 45 2.2 Energy Dependence 46 2.3 The Energy Policy of Japan 48 2.4 Paris Agreement 49 2.5 Prospective Energy Demand 50 2.6 Improvement in Energy Efficiency 50 2.7 Reduction of CO2 Emission in Electric Generation 51 2.8 Development of New Technologies for Decreasing GHG Emissions 51 2.9 Production and Use of Bioethanol in Japan 51 2.10 Production and Use of Hydrocarbons in Japan 52 2.11 Production and Use of Hydrogen in Japan 52 2.12 Contributions of the Japanese Government to Fundamental Research and Development 52 2.13 Perspectives 53 References 53 3 Green Energy in Africa, Asia, and South America 57Daniel de Castro Assumpção, Marcelo Hamaguchi, José Dilcio Rocha and Adriano P. Mariano 3.1 Introduction 57 3.2 South America 58 3.3 Africa 62 3.4 Southeast Asia 66 3.5 China 69 3.6 Global Perspectives 72 References 72 4 The Development of Solar Energy Generation Technologies and Global Production Capabilities 77F. John Hay and N. Ianno 4.1 Introduction 77 4.2 Sunlight and Photosynthesis 78 4.3 Photovoltaic Devices 79 4.4 Overview of Solar Photovoltaic Applications 82 4.5 Perspectives 83 References 84 5 Recent Trends, Opportunities and Challenges of Sustainable Aviation Fuel 85Libing Zhang, Terri L. Butler and Bin Yang 5.1 Introduction 85 5.2 Overview of the Jet Fuel Market 86 5.3 Assessment of Environmental Policy and Economic Factors Affecting the Aviation Industry 93 5.4 Current Activities Around Biojet in the Aviation Industry 98 5.5 Challenges of Future Biojet Fuel Development 100 5.6 Perspectives 104 Acknowledgments 105 References 105 6 The Environmental Impact of Pollution Prevention and Other Sustainable Development Strategies Implemented by the Automotive Manufacturing Industry 111Sandra D. Gaona, Cheryl Keenan, Cyril Vallet, Lawrence Reichle and Stephen C. DeVito 6.1 Introduction 111 6.2 Overview of the Automotive Manufacturing Industry 112 6.3 Chemicals and Chemical Waste in Automotive Manufacturing 114 6.4 Pollution Prevention in Automotive Manufacturing 121 6.5 Perspectives 131 Disclaimer 134 References 134 7 The Global Demand for Biofuels and Biotechnology-Derived Commodity Chemicals: Technologies, Markets, and Challenges 137Stephen R. Hughes and Marjorie A. Jones 7.1 Introduction 137 7.2 Overview of Global Energy Demand 137 7.3 Petroleum Demand and Petroleum Products for Potential Replacement by Bioproducts 140 7.4 Role of Biofuels and Biobased Chemicals in Renewable Energy Demand 143 7.5 Achieving Petroleum Replacement with Biobased Fuels and Chemicals 145 7.6 Projections of Global Demand for Biobased Fuels and Chemicals 149 7.7 Potential Impacts on Price of Transportation Fuels and Chemicals Assuming Various Scenarios of World Economic Growth 151 7.8 Projection of Energy-Related CO2 Emissions With or Without Remediation Technology 151 7.9 Government Impact on Demand for Biofuels and Biobased Chemicals 152 7.10 Perspectives 154 References 155 Part II Chemicals and Transportation Fuels from Biomass 157 8 Sustainable Platform Chemicals from Biomass 159Ankita Juneja and Vijay Singh 8.1 Introduction 159 8.2 2-Carbon 161 8.3 3-Carbon 163 8.4 4-Carbon 166 8.5 5-Carbon 169 8.6 6-Carbon 171 8.7 Perspectives 174 References 175 9 Biofuels from Microalgae and Seaweeds: Potentials of Industrial Scale Production 185Licheng Peng, Freeman Lan and Christopher Q. Lan 9.1 Introduction 185 9.2 Biofuels 186 9.3 Biofuels from Microalgae and Seaweeds 191 9.4 Recent Developments in Algae Processing Technologies 195 9.5 Potential for Industrial Scale Production 200 9.6 Progresses in the Commercial Production of Alga-Based Biofuels 205 9.7 Perspectives 209 References 210 10 Advanced Fermentation Technologies: Conversion of Biomass to Ethanol by Organisms Other than Yeasts, a Case for Escherichia coli 219K. T. Shanmugam, Lorraine P. Yomano, Sean W. York and Lonnie O. Ingram 10.1 Introduction 219 10.2 Zymomonas mobilis 222 10.3 Escherichia coli 223 10.4 Osmotic Stress of High Sugar Concentration 227 10.5 Inhibitor-Tolerant Ethanologenic E. coli 227 10.6 Engineering Bacterial Biocatalysts Other than E. coli for the Production of Ethanol Using the PDC/ADH Pathway 229 10.7 Ethanol Production by Non-PDC Pathways 230 10.8 Partition of Carbon at the Pyruvate Node 231 10.9 Other Metabolic Pathways that Contribute to Ethanol Production 231 10.10 Perspectives 232 Acknowledgements 232 References 233 11 Clostridia and Process Engineering for Energy Generation 239Adriano P. Mariano, Danilo S. Braz, Henrique C. A. Venturelli and Nasib Qureshi 11.1 Introduction 239 11.2 Recent Technological Advances 241 11.3 Economic Modelling and Case Study 246 11.4 Perspectives 263 Acknowledgements 263 References 264 12 Fuel Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Materials Using Recombinant Yeasts 269Stephen R. Hughes and Marjorie A. Jones 12.1 Review of Current Fuel Ethanol Production 269 12.2 Evolution of Cost of Cellulosic Ethanol Production 272 12.3 Technological Opportunities to Reduce Cellulosic Ethanol Production Costs 277 12.4 Perspectives: Approaches to Optimize the Use of Lignocellulosic and Waste Materials as Feedstocks 279 References 281 13 Enzymes for Cellulosic Biomass Hydrolysis and Saccharification 283Elmar M. Villota, Ziyu Dai, Yanpin Lu and Bin Yang 13.1 Introduction 283 13.2 Glycosyl Hydrolases: General Structure and Mechanism 286 13.3 The Cellulase Enzyme System 289 13.4 The Hemicellulase Enzyme System 295 13.5 Microorganisms for Biomass Hydrolysis 299 13.6 Perspectives 308 Acknowledgement 309 References 309 14 Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuels and Green Commodity Chemicals 327Mairi J. Black, Onesmus Mwabonje, Aiduan Li Borrion and Aurelia Karina Hillary 14.1 Introduction 327 14.2 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 328 14.3 The Origin and Principles of Life Cycle Assessment 329 14.4 Developing a Life Cycle Assessment 329 14.5 Scope of the Life Cycle Assessment: Attributional verses Consequential 331 14.6 Biofuels and Green Commodity Chemicals 332 14.7 Feedstocks for Biofuels 332 14.8 Conversion of Feedstock 333 14.9 Supply Chain and Logistics 335 14.10 Using LCA as a Tool to Assess GHG Emissions and Other Impacts Associated with Bioethanol Production and Supply 335 14.11 Discussion on the Suitability of LCA 336 14.12 Perspectives: Moving Forward with the LCA Concept 348 References 349 Part III Hydrogen and Methane 355 15 Biotechnological Production of Fuel Hydrogen and Its Market Deployment 357Carolina Zampol Lazaro, Emrah Sagir and Patrick C. Hallenbeck 15.1 Introduction 357 15.2 Hydrogen Production Through Dark Fermentation 358 15.3 Hydrogen Production Through Photofermentation 370 15.4 Hydrogen Production by Combined Systems 370 15.5 Perspectives 379 Acknowledgements 383 References 383 16 Deployment of Biogas Production Technologies in Emerging Countries 395Guangyin Zhen, Xueqin Lu, Xiaohui Wang, Shaojuan Zheng, Jianhui Wang, Zhongxiang Zhi, Lianghu Su, Kaiqin Xu, Takuro Kobayashi, Gopalakrishnan Kumar and Youcai Zhao 16.1 Introduction 395 16.2 Types of Feedstock 397 16.3 Pretreatment Technologies of Anaerobic Digestion Feedstocks 404 16.4 Full-scale Implementation Status of Anaerobic Digestion in Developing Countries 413 16.5 Perspectives 416 References 416 17 Hydrogen Production by Algae 425Tunc Catal and Halil Kavakli 17.1 Importance of Hydrogen Production 425 17.2 Hydrogen Producing Microorganisms 427 17.3 Hydrogen Producing Algae (Macro–Micro) Species 428 17.4 Production of Biohydrogen Through Fermentation 431 17.5 Technologies (Solar Algae Fuel Cell/Microbial Fuel Cell) 433 17.6 Possibility of Commercial Production of Hydrogen 434 17.7 Perspectives and Future Implications of Algae in Biotechnology 437 References 438 18 Production and Utilization of Methane Biogas as Renewable Fuel 447Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Jeyapraksh Damaraja, Sutha Shobana, Rijuta Ganesh Saratale, Sivagurunathan Periyasamy, Gunagyin Zhen and Gopalakrishnan Kumar 18.1 Introduction 447 18.2 Anaerobic Digestion 448 18.3 Mechanism of Anaerobic Digestion 449 18.4 Significant Factors Influencing Anaerobic Digestion 455 18.5 Strategies Applied to Enhance Microalgae Methane Biogas Production 456 18.6 Utilization of Methane Biogas as a Renewable Fuel 458 18.7 Perspectives 459 References 459 Part IV Perspectives 465 19 Integrated Biorefineries for the Production of Bioethanol, Biodiesel, and Other Commodity Chemicals 467Pedro F Souza Filho and Mohammad J Taherzadeh 19.1 Introduction 467 19.2 Types of Biorefineries 468 19.3 Biorefinery Platforms 471 19.4 Integrated Biorefineries 472 19.5 Coproducts 475 19.6 Integrating Ethanol and Biodiesel Refineries 480 19.7 Economical Aspects 482 19.8 Perspectives 484 References 484 20 Lignocellulosic Crops as Sustainable Raw Materials for Bioenergy 489Emiliano Maletta and Carlos Hernández Díaz-Ambrona 20.1 Introduction 489 20.2 Major Lignocellulosic Industrial Crops 492 20.3 Social, Economic and Environmental Aspects in Sustainability Criteria 498 20.4 Processing Alternatives for Lignocellulosic Bioenergy Crops 502 20.5 Filling the Gap: From Farm to Industry 503 20.6 Perspectives 506 References 508 21 Industrial Waste Valorization: Applications to the Case of Liquid Biofuels 515Haibo Huang and Qing Jin 21.1 Introduction 515 21.2 Types of Industrial Waste for Biofuel Production 516 21.3 Ethanol Production 517 21.4 Butanol 523 21.5 Biodiesel 527 21.6 Perspectives 531 References 531 22 The Environmental Impact of Pollution Prevention, Sustainable Energy Generation, and Other Sustainable Development Strategies Implemented by the Food Manufacturing Sector 539Sandra D. Gaona, T.J. Pepping, Cheryl Keenan and Stephen C. DeVito 22.1 Introduction 539 22.2 Overview of the Food Manufacturing Industry 540 22.3 Chemicals and Chemical Wastes in the Food Manufacturing Industry 545 22.4 Pollution Prevention in Food Manufacturing 554 22.5 Perspectives 563 Disclaimer 564 References 564 23 Financing Strategies for Sustainable Bioenergy and the Commodity Chemicals Industry 569Praveen V. Vadlani 23.1 The Current Financing Scenario at Global Level 569 23.2 Ethanol Biofuel Industry – An Overview 572 23.3 Bio-Based Industry – Current Status and Future Potential 577 23.4 Financing and Investment Strategy for Bio-Based Industries 579 23.5 Perspectives and Sustainable Financing Approach – Change in Wall Street Mindset in the Valuation of Bio-Based Industries 583 Acknowledgements 584 References 585 24 Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability as Forces of Change 587Asutosh T. Yagnik 24.1 Introduction 587 24.2 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 587 24.3 From CSR to Corporate Sustainability 597 24.4 Perspectives 603 References 607 25 The Industrial World in the Twenty-First Century 613Alain A. Vertès 25.1 Introduction: Energy and Sustainability 613 25.2 Transportation in the Twenty-First Century: A Carbon Tax Story 622 25.3 Cities of Change 627 25.4 The Chemical Industry Revisited 629 25.5 Paradigm Changes in Modes of Consumption 633 25.6 International Action for Curbing the Pollution of the Atmosphere Commons: The Case of CFCs and the Ozone Layer 634 25.7 Social Activism as an Engine of Change: Requiem for a Wonderful World 635 25.8 Perspectives: A Brave New World 636 References 639 Index 649

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Book SynopsisA new edition of a great, underappreciated classic of our timeBeryl Markham''s West with the Night is a true classic, a book that deserves the same acclaim and readership as the work of her contemporaries Ernest Hemingway, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, and Isak Dinesen. If the first responsibility of a memoirist is to lead a life worth writing about, Markham succeeded beyond all measure. Born Beryl Clutterbuck in the middle of England, she and her father moved to Kenya when she was a girl, and she grew up with a zebra for a pet; horses for friends; baboons, lions, and gazelles for neighbors. She made money by scouting elephants from a tiny plane. And she would spend most of the rest of her life in East Africa as an adventurer, a racehorse trainer, and an aviatrixshe became the first person to fly nonstop from Europe to America, the first woman to fly solo east to west across the Atlantic. Hers was indisputably a life full of adventure and beauty.

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Book SynopsisA much-needed, precise and practical treatment of a key topic in the energy industry and beyond, Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs is an invaluable reference for those in both industry and academia Authored by renowned experts in the field, this book covers the understanding, evaluation, and effects of fractures in reservoirs. It offers a comprehensive yet practical discussion and description of natural fractures, their origins, characteristics, and effects on hydrocarbon reservoirs. It starts by introducing the reader to basic definitions and classifications of fractures and fractured reservoirs. It then provides an outline for fractured-reservoir characterization and analysis, and goes on to introduce the way fractures impact operational activities. Well organized and clearly illustrated throughout, Applied Concepts in Fractured Reservoirs starts with a section on understanding natural fractures. It looks at the different types, their dimensions, and the mechanics of fractuTable of ContentsForeword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv Introduction xvii Part 1 Understanding Natural Fractures: Fracture Types, Dimensions, and Origin 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Nomenclature and Fracture-Classification Systems 1 1.2.1 Introduction 1 1.2.2 Other Classification Systems 3 1.2.3 Classifications for Fractures in Outcrops and Cores 4 1.2.4 Expulsion Fractures and Natural Hydraulic Fractures 5 1.2.5 Other Fracture Terminology 5 1.2.6 Sets, Systems, Domains, and Systematic Fractures 7 1.3 Fracture Characteristics and Dimensions 8 1.3.1 Introduction 8 1.3.2 Fracture Distribution Patterns 8 1.3.3 Fractography 10 1.3.4 Fracture Dip Angles 13 1.3.5 Fracture Distributions 13 1.3.6 Fracture Heights and Terminations 16 1.3.7 Fracture Lengths 18 1.3.8 Fracture Widths, Apertures, and Mineralization 19 1.3.9 Fracture Spacing 22 1.3.10 Fracture Strike 27 1.3.10.1 Fracture Orientations Relative to the In Situ Stresses 28 1.3.11 Discussion 28 1.4 The Mechanics of Fracturing Rock in Extension and Shear 29 1.4.1 Introduction 29 1.4.2 Origins of Geologic Stress Systems 31 1.4.2.1 Stresses in a Tectonically Quiescent Basin 31 1.4.2.2 Other Potential Sources of Horizontally Isotropic Stress 32 1.4.2.3 Stresses in a Tectonically Active Basin 32 1.4.3 Rock Susceptibility to Fracture: Basic Concepts 35 1.4.3.1 Introduction 35 1.4.3.2 Intrinsic Controls on Fracture Susceptibility 38 1.4.3.3 Extrinsic Controls on Fracture Susceptibility 39 1.4.3.4 How Rock Breaks: Grain-Scale Cracking, Yield, and Failure 41 1.4.3.5 Extrapolation to the Subsurface 43 1.4.4 Interplay Between Developing Fractures and the In Situ Stresses 44 1.4.5 The Importance of Pore Pressure 45 1.4.5.1 Introduction 45 1.4.5.2 The Relationship between Pore Pressure and Stress 45 1.4.5.3 Biot’s Coefficient 47 1.4.5.4 Mohr Diagrams and Pore Pressure 47 1.4.5.5 Pore Pressure Makes Rock Weak and Brittle 47 1.4.5.6 Sources of Pore Pressure 50 1.4.5.7 Alternate Theories 51 1.4.6 Summary 52 1.5 Other Fracture Types 53 1.5.1 Introduction 53 1.5.2 Deformation-Band Shear Fractures, Compaction Bands, and Dilation Bands 53 1.5.2.1 General Characteristics 53 1.5.2.2 Dimensions and Distributions 53 1.5.2.3 Origin 54 1.5.3 Faults and Fractures 55 1.5.4 Microfractures 56 1.5.5 Stylolites and Associated Extension Fractures 59 1.5.6 Bed-Parallel Shear Fractures 59 1.5.7 Beef-Filled Fractures 62 1.5.8 Ptygmatically Folded Fractures 63 1.5.9 Alteration of Fracture Systems by Dissolution 64 Appendix 1.A The Relationship Between Pore Pressure and the In Situ Effective Stresses 66 Introduction 66 Vertical Stress 67 Horizontal Stress 67 Effective Vertical Stress 67 Effective Horizontal Stress 68 Stress Differential 68 Part 2 Measuring and Analyzing Fractures in Reservoirs 71 2.1 Introduction 71 2.1.1 Reasons to Take Core 72 2.1.2 Analyses 73 2.1.3 Fracture Data Sources 73 2.1.4 Quantitative vs. Semi-Quantitative Data 73 2.1.5 Timing of a Fracture Study 73 2.1.6 Need for Experience 74 2.1.7 Other Data Sources 74 2.2 Planning a Core Program for Fracture Analysis 74 2.2.1 Introduction 74 2.2.2 Core Diameter and Length 74 2.2.3 Substituting Sidewall Core Samples 74 2.2.4 Orienting a Core 74 2.2.5 Drilling Parameters 75 2.2.6 Trip Time for Core Recovery 75 2.2.7 Collecting Data on Site 75 2.2.8 Running an Image Log 76 2.2.9 Back-to-Back Cores 76 2.2.10 On-Site Processing 76 2.2.11 CT Scans 77 2.2.12 Removing Core from the Barrel 77 2.2.13 Core-Jam Prevention Measures 77 2.2.14 Maximizing and Documenting Core Continuity 77 2.2.15 Slabbing Protocol 77 2.2.16 Scheduling Fracture Logging and other Core Processes 78 2.3 Logging Core for Fractures 78 2.3.1 Wash the Core! 78 2.3.2 Use all the Core and Remove it from the Core Boxes 79 2.3.3 Laying Out Intervals of Core for Fracture Logging 79 2.3.4 Core-Logging Toolkit 80 2.3.5 Recording Data 81 2.3.6 Making and Using a Master Orientation Line 82 2.3.7 Differentiating Natural from Induced Fractures 83 2.4 Taking, Measuring and Analyzing Fracture Data 84 2.4.1 Fracture Type 84 2.4.2 Fracture Depths: Intensity and Density 86 2.4.3 Fracture Dip Angles 88 2.4.3.1 Measuring Dip Angles 88 2.4.3.2 Using Dip Angles 89 2.4.4 Fracture Distributions 90 2.4.5 Fracture Heights and Terminations 91 2.4.6 Fracture Widths, Apertures, and Mineralization 94 2.4.7 Fracture Spacings 98 2.4.7.1 Spacings from Horizontal Core 99 2.4.7.2 Spacings from Vertical Core 103 2.4.7.3 Converting Vertical Observations to Horizontal Fracture Spacings 103 2.4.7.4 Spacings of Inclined and Shear Fractures 105 2.4.7.5 Uses of Spacings 105 2.4.8 Measuring and Using Fracture Strikes 105 2.4.8.1 Measuring Fracture Strikes in Vertical Core 106 2.4.8.2 Measuring Fracture Strikes in Deviated or Horizontal Cores 109 2.5 New Core vs. Archived Core 110 2.6 Oriented Core 112 2.6.1 Other Ways of Orienting a Core 116 2.7 Using CT Scans 118 2.8 Fracture Data from Image Logs 119 2.9 Comparing Fracture Data from Outcrops, Core, and Logs 122 2.9.1 Introduction 122 2.9.2 Large-Scale Outcrop Studies 123 2.9.3 Local Outcrop Studies 123 2.9.3.1 Raton Basin 123 2.9.3.2 Rifle Gap 125 2.9.3.3 San Ysidro 127 2.10 Fracture Data from 3D Seismic Surveys 128 2.11 Fracture Data Acquired by LiDAR 130 2.12 Fracture Data from Engineering Tests 132 2.13 Case Studies in Estimating Fracture Effectiveness from Core 133 2.13.1 Introduction 133 2.13.2 Case Study 1: Archived Vertical, Unoriented Core 133 2.13.3 Case Study 2: New, Un-Slabbed Horizontal Core 134 2.13.3.1 Introduction 134 2.13.3.2 Fracture Effectiveness 137 2.13.3.3 System Effectiveness and Permeability Anisotropy 137 2.13.4 Case Study 3: New, Slabbed, Vertical Core 139 2.13.4.1 Introduction 139 2.13.4.2 Calculating Effectiveness 139 2.13.4.3 Description of the High-Angle Extension Fractures 141 Appendix 2.A Workflow and List of Tests, Data 144 Appendix 2.B Core-Handling, Marking, Sampling, and Analysis Protocol for Core Studies Focused on Natural Fractures 144 Appendix 2.C Slabbing Recommendations for Horizontal Core 146 Part 3 Effects of Natural Fractures on Reservoirs 149 3.1 Introduction 149 3.2 Classification 149 3.3 The Permeability Behavior of Individual Fractures 150 3.3.1 Introduction 150 3.3.2 Three Categories of Fracture Effects 150 3.3.3 Stylolites 154 3.3.4 Microfractures 154 3.4 The Effects of Fracture Systems 156 3.4.1 Introduction 156 3.4.2 Fracture-Controlled Permeability Anisotropy 157 3.4.2.1 Case Study: The Midale Field 157 3.4.2.2 Case Study: The Rulison Field 158 3.4.2.3 Case Study: The Spraberry Formation 158 3.4.3 Fracture-Controlled Sweet Spots 162 3.5 The Sensitivity of Fracture Permeability to Changing Stress 164 3.5.1 Stress-Sensitive Extension Fractures 164 3.5.1.1 Case Study: The Bulo Bulo Field 167 3.5.2 Stress-Sensitive Shear Fractures 169 3.5.3 Damage Due to Production-Related Scale 171 3.6 Fracture Volumetrics 172 3.6.1 Introduction 172 3.6.2 Fracture Volume/Fracture Porosity 173 3.6.3 Fracture Permeability 174 3.6.4 Transfer Function 176 3.6.5 Fracture Surface Areas 176 3.7 Effects of Fractures on Drilling and Coring 177 3.8 Completions: The Interaction Between Natural and Hydraulic Fractures 178 3.8.1 Early Conceptual Models 178 3.8.2 Direct Evidence of the Characteristics of Hydraulic Fractures 179 3.8.3 The Developing Hydraulic-Fracture Model 182 3.8.4 Nuclear Stimulations 184 References 187 Index 205

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Book SynopsisWinner of the 2023 E.B. Burwell, Jr. Award for outstanding contributions in engineering and environmental geologyIntroduction to Waste Management An introductory textbook offering comprehensive coverage of the management of municipal, hazardous, medical, electronic, and nuclear waste Written by an experienced instructor in the field of solid waste management, this modern text systematically covers the five key types of solid wastes: municipal, hazardous/industrial, medical/biological, electronic, and nuclear, discussing their sources, handling, and disposal along with the relevant laws that govern their management. With its emphasis on industry standards and environmental regulations, it bridges the gap between theoretical models and real-life challenges in waste disposal and minimization. Instructors and students in environmental science, geology, and geography may use Introduction to Waste Management: A Textbook to better understand the five main types of solid waste and their Table of ContentsForeword xvii Preface xix Acknowledgments xxii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The Beginning 1 1.1.1 Historical Perspectives 2 1.2 Importance of Waste Management in Sustainability, Ecological Health, and Climate Change 4 1.2.1 Waste Management and Environmental Sustainability 6 1.2.2 Waste Management and Human and Ecological Health 8 1.2.3 Waste Management and Climate Change 9 1.3 Overview of Waste Generation in the United States and Other Countries 10 1.4 Future Perspectives on Waste Management 12 1.5 Summary 13 Study Questions 14 References 15 Supplementary Readings 15 Web Resources 15 Acronyms/Symbols 16 2 Essentials of Geology, Geotechnics, and Toxicology 17 2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Basic Concepts 18 2.3 Geologic Cycles 27 2.3.1 Rock Cycle 27 2.3.2 Water (Hydrologic) Cycle 29 2.3.3 Tectonic Cycle 30 2.3.3.1 Significance of Plate Movement 33 2.3.4 Geochemical Cycle 33 2.3.5 Climate Cycle 33 2.4 Earth Materials 33 2.4.1 Rocks as Earth Materials 34 2.4.1.1 Igneous Rocks 34 2.4.1.2 Sedimentary Rocks 34 2.4.1.3 Metamorphic Rocks 34 2.4.1.4 Engineering Properties and Behavior of Rock Materials 34 2.4.2 Soils as Earth Material 35 2.4.3 Soil Formation 36 2.4.3.1 Soil Profile 37 2.4.3.2 Soil Texture 37 2.5 Index Properties of Soils 38 2.5.1 Void Ratio, Porosity, and Degree of Saturation 39 2.5.2 Density 40 2.5.3 Moisture (Water) Content 40 2.5.4 Grain- Size Distribution 41 2.5.5 Atterberg Limits 41 2.5.6 Permeability 44 2.6 Soil Classification Systems 45 2.6.1 Soil Classification 45 2.7 Hydrogeology 47 2.7.1 Groundwater Occurrence 48 2.7.2 Types of Aquifers 49 2.7.3 Groundwater Movement 50 Essentials of Toxicology 52 2.8 Introduction 52 2.8.1 Toxicity and Toxicity Rating 53 2.8.2 Types of Toxic Effects 53 2.9 Dose–Response Relationship 55 2.9.1 Hypersensitivity and Hyposensitivity 57 2.10 Exposure Paths of Toxicants to Humans 58 2.10.1 Ingestion 58 2.10.2 Inhalation 58 2.10.3 Dermal Contact 58 2.10.4 Injection 58 2.11 Teratogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Carcinogenesis 58 2.11.1 Teratogenesis 58 2.11.2 Mutagenesis 59 2.11.3 Carcinogenesis 59 2.12 Assessment of Health Risks of Hazardous Waste 59 2.13 Summary 60 Study Questions 60 References 62 Supplemental Readings 63 Web Resources 63 Acronyms/Symbols 63 3 Environmental Laws 64 3.1 History and Evolution of Environmental Laws in the United States 64 3.1.1 Foundation and Strength of US Environmental Laws 66 3.2 Important Environmental Laws 66 3.2.1 The Rivers and Harbors Act 69 3.2.2 The Atomic Energy Act 70 3.2.3 Solid Waste Disposal Act 70 3.2.4 Resource Recovery Act 70 3.2.5 National Environmental Policy Act 70 3.2.6 Occupational Safety and Health Act 70 3.2.7 Federal Water Pollution Control (Renamed Clean Water) Act 71 3.2.8 Clean Air Act 71 3.2.9 Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuary Act 73 3.2.10 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act 73 3.2.11 Safe Drinking Water Act 73 3.2.12 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 80 3.2.13 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act 80 3.2.14 Uranium Mill Tailings and Radiation Control Act 81 3.2.15 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 81 3.2.16 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act 81 3.2.17 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments Act 83 3.2.18 Underground Storage Tanks Act 83 3.2.19 Toxic Substance Control Act 83 3.2.20 Low- Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act 84 3.2.21 Nuclear Waste Policy Act 84 3.2.22 Emergency Planning and Community Right- to- Know Act 84 3.2.23 Medical Waste Tracking Act 86 3.2.24 Indoor Radon Abatement Act 86 3.2.25 Pollution Prevention Act 86 3.3 Summary 86 Study Questions 87 References 88 Web Resources 88 Acronyms/Symbols 88 4 Municipal Solid Waste 89 4.1 Historical Perspective 89 4.1.1 The United States Public Health Service and the American Public Works Association 90 4.2 Introduction 91 4.2.1 Environmental and Health Impacts from Mismanagement of Municipal Solid Waste 93 4.3 US Laws Regulating Solid Waste Management 102 4.3.1 The Solid Waste Disposal Act 102 4.3.2 The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 102 4.4 Source, Composition, and Quantity of MSW 103 4.4.1 MSW Composition 103 4.4.1.1 Special Wastes 106 4.4.2 Quantity of MSW 106 4.5 Collection and Disposal of MSW 107 4.5.1 MSW Disposal 107 4.5.2 Land Disposal 109 4.5.3 Incineration and Waste- to- Energy Conversion 110 4.5.4 Composting 112 4.6 Physical and Chemical Properties of MSW 112 4.6.1 Moisture Content 113 4.6.2 Density 114 4.6.3 Volume Reduction 114 4.6.4 Compaction Ratio 115 4.6.5 Permeability 115 4.6.6 Energy (Heat) Content 115 4.6.7 Field Capacity 116 4.6.8 Particle Size Distribution 116 4.7 Landfill 118 4.7.1 Types of Landfills 119 4.7.2 Daily Operation of a Sanitary Landfill 120 4.7.3 Landfill Leachate 121 4.7.4 Landfill Gases 123 4.7.4.1 Landfill Gas Formation 123 4.7.5 Landfill Design 125 4.7.5.1 Landfill Siting Restrictions 126 4.7.6 Landfill Design Criteria 127 4.7.6.1 Leachate Collection and Removal System 129 4.7.6.2 Landfill Gas Collection and Extraction System 130 4.7.7 Landfill Area Requirement 131 4.7.8 Landfill Site Selection 132 4.7.8.1 Defining Purpose and Scope 132 4.7.8.2 Office Study and Data Collection 132 4.7.8.3 Field Investigations 133 4.8 Bioreactor Landfill 134 4.9 Waste Audit 136 4.9.1 Waste Audit Methodology 136 4.10 Summary 138 Study Questions 138 References 140 Supplemental Reading 142 Web Resources 143 Acronyms/Symbols 143 5 Hazardous Waste 145 5.1 Introduction 145 5.1.1 Hazardous Substance and Hazardous Waste 146 5.1.2 Environmental and Health Problems 146 5.2 US Laws Regulating Hazardous Waste 155 5.2.1 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 155 5.2.2 Toxic Substances Control Act 156 5.2.3 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 156 5.2.4 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments 157 5.2.5 Underground Storage Tanks Act 157 5.2.6 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act 158 5.2.7 Emergency Planning and Community- Right- to- Know Act 158 5.2.8 Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act (Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act) 159 5.3 Definition and Classification of Hazardous Waste 159 5.3.1 The United States Environmental Protection Agency Criteria 159 5.3.1.1 Listed Waste 160 5.3.1.2 Characteristic Waste 161 5.3.2 EU’s Classification of Hazardous Waste 165 5.4 Sources and Generators of Hazardous Waste 166 5.4.1 Categories of Hazardous Waste Generators 169 5.5 Storage and Transportation of Hazardous Waste 170 5.5.1 Hazardous Waste Storage 171 5.5.2 Hazardous Waste Transportation 171 5.6 Treatment of Hazardous Waste 172 5.6.1 Hazardous Waste Treatment Methods 173 5.6.1.1 Neutralization 173 5.6.1.2 Sorption 173 5.6.1.3 Precipitation 174 5.6.1.4 Reverse Osmosis 174 5.6.1.5 Stripping 175 5.7 Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal 175 5.7.1 Land Disposal 176 5.7.1.1 Regulatory Aspects of Land Disposal 176 5.7.2 Land Disposal Restrictions 176 5.7.2.1 Key Provisions of the LDR Program 177 5.7.2.2 Land Treatment/Disposal 177 5.7.3 Secure Landfill 178 5.7.3.1 Waste Piles 178 5.7.3.2 Surface Impoundments 180 5.7.3.3 Mine Storage/Disposal 181 5.7.3.4 Deep Well Injection 181 5.7.4 Thermal Treatment Methods 182 5.7.4.1 Incineration 182 5.7.4.2 Pyrolysis 183 5.7.4.3 Other Thermal Destruction Methods 183 5.7.5 Biological Methods 184 5.7.6 Miscellaneous Disposal Methods 184 5.7.6.1 Permeable Reactive Barriers 184 5.7.6.2 Vitrification 186 5.7.6.3 Wetlands 186 5.7.6.4 Combination Methods 187 5.7.7 Sustainable (Green) Remediation 190 5.7.7.1 Triad Approach 190 5.8 Superfund Program and Cleanup of Hazardous Waste Sites in the United States 191 5.8.1 Remedial Actions under RCRA and CERCLA 192 5.9 Summary 193 Study Questions 194 References 195 Supplementary Reading 196 Web Resources 196 Acronyms/Symbols 197 6 Medical Waste 198 6.1 Introduction and Historical Context 198 6.1.1 Definition 200 6.2 Nature, Source, and Quantity of Medical Waste 202 6.2.1 Nature of Medical Waste 202 6.2.2 Sources of Medical Waste 204 6.2.3 Wastes from Major Health Care Establishments 206 6.2.4 Quantity of Medical Waste 207 6.3 Hazards Associated with Regulated Medical Waste 210 6.4 Treatment and Disposal of Medical Waste 216 6.4.1 Methods of Treatment and Disposal of Regulated Medical Waste 217 6.4.1.1 Thermal Treatment 217 6.4.1.2 Biological Treatment 220 6.4.1.3 Chemical Treatment 220 6.4.1.4 Radiation- based Treatment 221 6.5 The COVID- 19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Waste Management 221 6.5.1 The Great Pandemic of 2020 and Medical Waste 222 6.5.2 COVID- 19 Waste 225 6.5.2.1 Determination of the Quantity of COVID- 19 Waste 225 6.5.3 Reducing COVID- 19 Waste Quantity 227 6.5.4 Waste Management Industry’s Response to COVID- 19 228 6.6 Summary 228 Study Questions 229 References 230 Supplementary Reading 232 Web Resources 232 Acronyms/Symbols 233 7 Nuclear Waste 234 7.1 Introduction 234 7.1.1 Nuclear Waste 235 7.1.2 Types of Nuclear Waste 235 7.1.3 High- Level Wastes: SNF and HLW 235 7.1.4 Nuclear Waste Management 237 7.1.5 Early Years of Nuclear Waste Management in the USA 237 7.2 Basics of Nuclear Science 238 7.2.1 Radioactive Elements 238 7.2.2 Radioactive Minerals 239 7.2.3 Nuclear Fission and Electric Power Generation 239 7.2.4 Energy Potential of Radioactive Elements and Use of Nuclear Energy 240 7.2.4.1 Nuclear Energy for Electric Power Generation 242 7.2.4.2 Other Uses of Nuclear Energy 245 7.3 Radioactivity, Natural and Induced Radiation, and Half- Life 246 7.3.1 Radioactivity 246 7.3.2 Radiotoxicity 247 7.3.3 Radiation Exposure and Acceptable Radiation Dose 248 7.3.4 Induced Radioactivity 249 7.3.5 Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials and Technologically Enhanced Radioactive Materials 250 7.3.6 Radioactive Decay and Half- life 251 7.4 Nuclear Waste 252 7.4.1 Sources of Nuclear Waste 253 7.4.2 Nuclear (Uranium) Fuel Cycle 254 7.4.2.1 Spent Fuel Reprocessing 256 7.4.3 Waste Forms and Packaging 256 7.4.4 Nuclear Waste Management 257 7.4.5 Nuclear Waste Classification 258 7.4.5.1 The IAEA System 259 7.4.5.2 The US System 259 7.5 Laws Regulating Management of Nuclear Waste 262 7.5.1 EU’s Nuclear Waste Management Law 262 7.5.2 The United States Nuclear Waste Management Laws 262 7.5.2.1 Low- Level Radioactive Waste 263 7.5.2.2 High- Level Nuclear Waste 263 7.6 Nuclear Waste Storage and Transportation 266 7.6.1 Transportation of Nuclear Waste 266 7.6.2 LLW Transportation 266 7.6.3 TU/ILW Transportation 266 7.6.4 HLW/SNF Transportation 267 7.7 Nuclear Waste Disposal 267 7.7.1 Low- Level Radioactive Waste Disposal 268 7.7.2 Transuranic Waste Disposal 268 7.7.3 High- Level Nuclear Waste Disposal 269 7.7.4 HLW Management in the United States 272 7.7.4.1 The Lyons Salt Mine Project 275 7.7.4.2 Other US Repository Sites 276 7.7.4.3 Politics of the Yucca Mountain Project 276 7.8 Global Status of HLW Disposal 277 7.8.1 Quantity of HLW 277 7.8.2 United States 277 7.8.3 Finland HLW Repository 281 7.8.4 Sweden 283 7.8.5 France 285 7.8.6 HLW Management in Other Countries 285 7.8.6.1 Shared Repository Concept 285 7.9 Nuclear Waste From Reactor Decommissioning 287 7.10 Summary 288 Study Questions 290 References 290 Supplemental Reading 294 Web Resources 294 Acronyms/Symbols 295 Unit Conversions 295 8 Electronic Waste 296 8.1 Introduction 296 8.1.1 Metals in e- Waste 297 8.1.2 Definition of Electronic Waste 298 8.1.2.1 The United States 299 8.1.2.2 European Union 299 8.1.2.3 United Nations 299 8.2 Laws Regulating Electronic Waste 302 8.2.1 The United States 302 8.2.2 The United Nations 302 8.2.3 The EU 304 8.3 Nature and Composition of Electronic Waste 304 8.3.1 Planned Obsolescence 305 8.3.2 Material Composition of e- Waste 306 8.3.3 Material Composition of Desktop Computers 308 8.3.4 Material Composition of Laptops 309 8.3.5 Material Composition of Tablets 311 8.3.6 Material Composition of Mobile Phones 311 8.4 E- Waste Quantity 312 8.4.1 Estimation of e- Waste Quantity 314 8.5 E- Waste Recycling and Recovery of Valuable Metals 316 8.5.1 Metal Recovery from E- Waste 317 8.5.2 Benefits and Challenges of e- Waste Recycling 318 8.6 Health and Environmental Impacts 319 8.6.1 Informal E- Waste Recycling 319 8.6.2 Health and Environmental Impacts of Informal Recycling 321 8.7 Sustainable Management of E- Waste 324 8.7.1 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and E- Waste 324 8.7.2 Other Measures for Sustainable E- Waste Management 326 8.8 Summary 326 Study Questions 327 References 328 Supplementary Readings 331 Web Resources 331 Acronyms/Symbols 331 9 Waste Minimization 332 9.1 Introduction 332 9.2 Definitions 333 9.3 Approaches to Waste Minimization 334 9.4 Recycling 339 9.4.1 Plastic Recycling 342 9.5 Innovative Waste Minimization Technologies 344 9.5.1 Innovation in Plastic Packaging 344 9.5.2 Microfactories 345 9.5.3 Repurposing 346 9.5.4 NGOs’ Efforts 346 9.6 Waste Exchange 348 9.7 Zero Waste 349 9.7.1 Evolution and Implementation of the Zero Waste Concept 349 9.7.2 Tool for Measuring ZW Success 350 9.8 Ship Recycling 351 9.8.1 Methods of Ship Recycling 351 9.8.2 Ship Recycling – A Hazardous Occupation 352 9.8.3 Modern Ship Recycling Industry 354 9.8.4 International Treaties 358 9.9 Airplane Recycling 359 9.9.1 Airplane Recycling Market 359 9.9.2 Airplane Recycling Standards 359 9.9.3 Airplane Recycling 360 9.9.4 Composites 361 9.9.4.1 Composites Recycling 362 9.10 Summary 363 Study Questions 364 References 365 Supplemental Reading 367 Web Resources 367 Acronyms/Symbols 368 10 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products 369 10.1 Introduction 369 10.1.1 Definition of PPCPs 371 10.1.2 Nature of PPCPs 372 10.1.3 What Comprises PPCPs 373 10.2 Concerns for PPCPs 373 10.3 Sources of PPCPs in the Environment 375 10.3.1 PPCPs in Sewage Treatment Plants 377 10.3.2 Occurrence of PPCPs in Drinking Water 378 10.4 Environmental Impacts of PPCPs 378 10.4.1 PPCPs in Drinking Water and Its Health Impact 378 10.4.2 Treatment Technologies for PPCPs’ Removal 379 10.5 Forensic Applications of PPCPs 380 10.5.1 PPCPs’ Application in Geological Dating 380 10.6 Research Status and Future Needs 382 10.7 Summary 383 Study Questions 384 References 385 Supplementary Reading 387 Web Resources 387 Acronyms/Symbols 388 Glossary 389 Index 414 Geologic Time Scale 431 Common Units and Conversion Factors 432 United Nations’ classification of countries based on income (as of July 2021) 435

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Book SynopsisIt's the dream scenario for many of us after a long week: having the house completely to ourselves. No partners, no parents, no kids, no pets. But as we settle into the couch, something stirs: maybe a mouse darts out from under a cupboard, or a fly buzzes lazily past the window. We're not actually alone at all. Until quite recently, no one had taken the life that lives with us very seriously: until Rob Dunn and his team decided to take a closer look. Upon investigating the terra incognita of our homes, they discovered that there are nearly 200,000 species living in our bedrooms, kitchens, living areas, bathrooms, and basements. Some of these species can kill us. Some benefit us. And some seem simply benign. But almost all of them were completely unknown--and they've been living alongside us the whole time.In Never Home Alone, biologist Rob Dunn takes us to the edge of biology's latest frontier: our own homes. Every house is a wilderness--from the Egyptian meal moths in our cupboards, to the camel crickets living in the basement, to the antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus waiting on the kitchen counter, thousands of species of insects, bacteria, fungi, and plants live literally under our noses. As we have become increasingly obsessed with cleaning and sterilizing our homes and separating our living spaces from nature, we have unwittingly cultivated an entirely new playground for evolution. Unfortunately, this means that we have created a range of new parasites, from antibiotic-resistant microbes to nearly impossible to kill cockroaches, to threaten ourselves with. At the same time, many of the more helpful organisms--such as microbes that can protect us from autoimmune diseases or promote healthy digestion, or the centipedes that can hunt down those pesky roaches--are caught in the crosshairs. If we're not careful, the "healthier" we try to make our homes, the more likely we'll be putting our own health at risk.A rich natural history and a thrilling scientific investigation, Rob Dunn's Never Home Alone shows us that if are to truly thrive in our homes, we must learn to welcome the unknown guests that have been there the whole time.

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Book SynopsisVan Horn invites us to look afresh at the wilderness that's all around us-the animals that, often all but in secret, share our cities with us.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisThis volume intends to contribute to the nascent discourse on Judaism and ecology by clarifying diverse conceptions of nature in Jewish thought and by using the insights of Judaism to formulate a constructive Jewish theology of nature.

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Book SynopsisSoqotra, the largest island of Yemen's Soqotra Archipelago, is one of the most uniquely diverse places in the world. A UNESCO natural World Heritage Site, the island is home not only to birds, reptiles, and plants found nowhere else on earth, but also to a rich cultural history and the endangered Soqotri language. Within the span of a decade, this Indian Ocean archipelago went from being among the most marginalized regions of Yemen to promoted for its outstanding global value. Islands of Heritage shares Soqotrans' stories to offer the first exploration of environmental conservation, heritage production, and development in an Arab state. Examining the multiple notions of heritage in play for twenty-first-century Soqotra, Nathalie Peutz narrates how everyday Soqotrans came to assemble, defend, and mobilize their cultural and linguistic heritage. These efforts, which diverged from outsiders' focus on the island's natural heritage, ultimately added to Soqotrans' calls for political and cultural change during the Yemeni Revolution. Islands of Heritage shows that far from being merely a conservative endeavor, the protection of heritage can have profoundly transformative, even revolutionary effects. Grassroots claims to heritage can be a potent form of political engagement with the most imminent concerns of the present: human rights, globalization, democracy, and sustainability.Trade Review"Islands of Heritage is at once a dazzling ethnography of everyday life and a well-researched history that is as extraordinary as its subject, the island of Soqotra in the Arabian Sea. It is truly a pleasure to read." -- Steven C. Caton * Harvard University *"Nathalie Peutz has written a beautiful account of the unsettling effects of and dynamics between international conservation efforts, national politics, and Soqotran notions of heritage, history, and place. Islands of Heritage is one of the richest ethnographies of the Arabian Peninsula and Indian Ocean region that I have read in years." -- Mandana Limbert, Queens College and the Graduate Center * CUNY *"This book, the result of ten years of research and follow up, explores the sociopolitical transformation of Soqotra, the main island of Yemen's Soqotra Archipelago. Peutz offers a detailed ethnographic presentation of the complicated and unsettled recent history of the island within its larger regional and global context...Recommended." -- A. Rassam * CHOICE *"Upon closing Islands of Heritage one can only be impressed by such a piece of interdisciplinary scholarship. Nathalie Peutz brilliantly manages to bring to life and interpret the local dynamics she observed in Soqotra, updating their significance and making them meaningful beyond the archipelago of Soqotra, and that of anthropologists." -- Laurent Bonnefoy * Arabian Humanities *"Peutz's book is required reading for anthropologists, historians, political scientists, and those investigating the impact of tourism, while being readable and compelling for nonspecialists... It is a delight to read and one of the strongest anthropological texts on heritage published in recent years." -- Victoria Hightower * Arab Studies Journal *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction chapter abstractBeginning with an anecdote of a Soqotran teacher convening a political protest (during the Yemeni Revolution) and a poetry contest on the same day, the Introduction asks how heritage (a nominally conservative endeavor) and revolution (a nominally transformative endeavor) could be connected. It lays out the importance of studying heritage. It reviews the history and politicization of heritage in the Arab world. And it provides a geographic and historical overview of Yemen's Soqotra Archipelago, a UNESCO-inscribed natural World Heritage Site with a long genealogy of being deemed exceptional and "protected." It then describes the author's fieldwork and methodology. It concludes by arguing that, despite important arguments for working to transcend the nature-culture divide (in heritage making, as in other things), certain "islands" (boundaries) may be productive. 1Hospitality in Unsettling Times chapter abstractThis chapter introduces readers to a transhumant pastoralist community living in a newly established protected area (Homhil). It shows how the unprecedented opening of Soqotra gave rise to a crisis of hospitality, a long-held cultural value. Soqotrans' discourse of hospitality (karam) in crisis reveals significant mutations in the island's political economy and social structures, precipitated by its 1990 absorption into the unified Yemeni state and its transformation from a militarized enclave to a national protected area. Karam (and the ostensible lack of it) has become the idiom through which the islanders have been processing these changes. In light of current debates in the West about the dangers of "hosting" (im)migrants, this chapter points out that, in Soqotra, the crisis was exacerbated not nearly as much by Soqotrans' fears of being too hospitable as by their concern that they were no longer being hospitable enough. 2Hungering for the State chapter abstractDue to the archipelago's annual isolation during the southwest monsoon, in addition to its arid climate, Soqotrans are no strangers to food insecurity or famine. Accordingly, their interactions with each entering state—the Sultanate, the British Protectorate, South Yemen, and the Saleh regime—have been mediated by food. Yet, as this historical chapter demonstrates, it was not only the state's administration of food that governed Soqotrans' interactions with each regime. Soqotrans have a long history of feeding—and simultaneously "hungering" for—the state in return. Drawing on oral histories, archives, and interviews, this chapter surveys Soqotra's political history as one governed through food, famine, and fear. It argues that Soqotrans may have experienced physical hunger in the past, but in the 2000s they hungered for a state that would provide real and lasting sustenance. 3When the Environment Arrived chapter abstractThis chapter discusses the implementation of four major integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) between 1996 and 2013, which resulted in the archipelago's inscription as a UNESCO natural World Heritage Site. It begins by reviewing how these projects were preceded by the decades-long arrivals of foreign researchers and the continued dissemination of their ideas about Soqotra's environmental exceptionality. It then discusses the establishment of environmental legislation in unified Yemen (post-1990) and details the various ICDP projects that were implemented on Soqotra during this period. It ends by describing two "environmental awareness" meetings in the protected area (Homhil). Drawing on project documents and literature, observation of rural outreach and environmental awareness programs, and daily participation within a the protected-area community, this chapter reveals why "the Environment," as project and concept, failed to mobilize these pastoral communities so dependent on their natural surroundings. 4Arrested Development chapter abstractThis chapter presents an ethnographic narrative of the material, social, and political effects of several conservation-and-development initiatives in a pilot protected area inhabited by pastoralists (Bedouin). It focuses on the implementation of three development projects by the Socotra Conservation and Development Programme: a new tourist campground, a community home garden, and piped water. Although these projects were meant to improve the pastoralists' material well-being, they wound up pitting leaders, tribes, villages, and men and women within the community against one another. Through a close "mapping" of these tensions, this chapter underscores why, in these pastoralists' view, "the Environment" had little traction—despite its strong influence in the island. As a result, some Soqotrans sought to preserve their livelihoods by shifting their focus to cultural heritage instead. 5Reorienting Heritage chapter abstractThis chapter focuses on the influence of the Soqotran diaspora in island politics in the decade preceding the 2011 revolution. Beginning with an overview of the three major phases of twentieth-century emigration from Soqotra to the Arab Gulf, it illustrates how pervasive these Soqotra-Gulf connections were and are. It explores the ways in which emigrants politicized Soqotran identity, culture, heritage, and history through their histories, their poetry, and the island's first museum. And it examines the ways in which the diaspora sought to denature and reorient Soqotran heritage by shifting the focus from nature to culture, from Soqotran autochthony to Arab descent, from Indian Ocean hybridity to genealogical purity, and from the Yemeni nation to the transnational Gulf. These heterogeneous, kaleidoscopic, and entangled processes of heritage making reveal a deep-seated anguish over past political events and an ongoing struggle to reorient Soqotra's future. 6Heritage in the Time of Revolution chapter abstractThis chapter discusses how the islanders mobilized cultural heritage in the years bracketing the Yemeni Revolution, when several positioned themselves as "para-experts" alongside foreigners working for the environmental projects. It explores three individuals' growing interest in heritage as a political and profitable resource. It examines debates over the contours of this heritage. And it traces the development of an islandwide poetry competition, its overt politicization in the wake of the Arab uprisings, and the eventual recognition of the Soqotri language in the draft constitution for the new Yemen. It argues that Soqotrans' preoccupation with their cultural heritage during this period bears a strong resemblance to nineteenth-century European nationalists' "cultivation of culture." Thus, it was not a provincial, insular, or even conservative concern. Rather, it reflects a distinctly twenty-first-century realization that vernacular languages and endemic species are on the verge of extinction. Conclusion chapter abstractThe Conclusion provides an overview of the current humanitarian crisis in Yemen and Soqotra's renewed isolation since Yemen's civil war began in 2015. It underscores what a small group of Soqotran laymen (para-experts) were able to achieve through their mobilization of cultural heritage during a time of crisis, before the war. It then briefly discusses the two most recent, and potentially competing, visions for the archipelago: UAE-funded development and a new, Global Environment Facility (GEF)-funded conservation-and-development project. It offers suggestions for how ethnic and linguistic minorities like Soqotrans can be supported in their cultural work. And it concludes with some lessons learned from the author's interlocutors.

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Book SynopsisGrossly ambitious and rooted in scientific scholarship, The Other Dark Matter shows how human excrement can be a life-saving, money-making resource—if we make better use of it.Trade Review"A take on waste that's anything but wasteful—it's a fascinating dig into the history and science of handling human excrement. . . . Equally remarkable are Zeldovich's sections on the development and evolution of wastewater treatment plants. . . . Zeldovich is at home with an awkward subject, making for a grossly engrossing and vivid survey. Readers won't take the 'flush and forget' mindset for granted again." * Publishers Weekly *"Zeldovich is an engaging writer. She loves puns and poop jokes. (Who doesn't?) And her travels around the world are, in their own scatological way, inspiring." -- Elizabeth Kolbert * New York Review of Books *"[An] original, necessary book." * Nature *"It would be easy for a book that focuses on obstacles to improving global sanitation, fixing the agricultural waste cycle, reducing pollution, and improving health to resort to paralyzing gloom. The Other Dark Matter does not shy from the enormity of the problems, yet suggests solutions are achievable, at scales from individuals to entire countries. Paced quickly with prose enlivened by the author's on-location reporting and personal experiences, the book is far from a grim slog through the world's sewers—it's more like an exciting tour in a biogas-powered balloon." * Undark *"The Other Dark Matter does not shy from the enormity of the problems, yet suggests solutions are achievable, at scales from individuals to entire countries. Paced quickly with prose enlivened by the author's on-location reporting and personal experiences, the book is far from a grim slog through the world's sewers — it's more like an exciting tour in a biogas-powered balloon." * Salon *"It's unusual to come across a book that makes you say, 'Oh, crap!' in a good way." * American Scientist *“In bright and airy prose, she takes readers on a globe-spanning trip to sites where fecal material is reprocessed and figuratively turned into gold. . . . Readers should leave this book with a renewed interest in sustainable systems to manage what we normally put out of sight and out of mind." * Natural History *“It is unquestionably [a topic] that—given the ever-increasing human population belaboring the planet—merits our attention if we are, ecologically and sustainably speaking, to prevent finding ourselves collectively up a famous creek without a propulsion device. Ms. Zeldovich’s new book looks to be an excellent way to introduce ourselves to it.” * The Well-Read Naturalist *"Given the growing scale of public engagement in sanitation, there is a glut of books on the subject. Not all of them are readable, not all of them are well researched. This one is. It takes the technology questions further. It is an engaging read on a queasy topic" * Shaastra *"In writing a primer on poop and its possibilities, [Zeldovich] performs a much larger function: destigmatizing a vital biological product that has long gotten a bum rap." * Columbia Magazine *"Some of the ideas in [the book] really feel like they could change the world in a major way. . . . It's really excellent." * Across the Margin *"Even readers familiar with the history and ecology of waste management will not be disappointed. . . . As detailed as it is witty. . . . Given the growing scale of public engagement in sanitation, there is a glut of books on the subject. Not all of them are readable, not all of them are well researched. This one is. It takes the technology questions further. It is an engaging read on a queasy topic." * Shaastra *"This is some good shit, people. Not only entertaining, but deeply important. Everyone with a colon should read this book. Centuries back, people knew the value of shit. In countries with poor soil, human waste was like gold: people stole it, paid their rent with it, and gave it as gifts. Today, keeping it out of our waterways is our best hope for defusing what Zeldovich calls the Great Sewage Time Bomb. She is an ideal guide to this ridiculously fascinating world." -- Mary Roach, author of Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers"Zeldovich shows to dazzling effect how a famously difficult subject—the often peculiar scientific history of human waste—can become an engrossing tale. The story is enlightening, surprising, occasionally enraging—and wholly worth your time." -- Deborah Blum, Pulitzer Prize–winning author of The Poison Squad"Zeldovich shows that excrement can be useful, profitable, and anything but waste, and does this with warmth, curiosity, and humor. This book is a great companion should you wish to journey to the rich and still underexposed world of shit (and you should)." -- Rose George, author of The Big Necessity: The Unmentionable World of Human Waste and Why It Matters"Here is an indispensable book about what we might call the Anthro-poo-cene. Humanity's current collision course with nature has everything to do with energy and how we abuse it—including the human waste products of our metabolic bodies. This lively and entertaining history is also full of innovative ways people are finally dealing with their you-know-what." -- Mary Ellen Hannibal, author of Citizen Scientist: Searching for Heroes and Hope in an Age of Extinction"Who knew our poop could be so fascinating and important? In her brilliantly reported and written new book, Zeldovich shows that now more than ever the health of humanity and the rest of nature depends on how we handle 'the other dark matter.'" -- John Horgan, author of Pay Attention: Sex, Death, and Science"An intriguing, compelling, very human story of how a valuable resource has been used and squandered, thrown away, and rediscovered. It is a story of the people who, against a background of mockery and disbelief, have developed creative, lucrative, and ecologically viable options for reframing what many have seen as a 'problem' of 'waste disposal' into an opportunity for innovative resource use. It will have wide appeal to all intelligent readers, both within and well beyond academia." -- David Waltner-Toews, author of The Origin of Feces: What Excrement Tells Us About Evolution, Ecology, and a Sustainable SocietyTable of ContentsPart 1: The History of Human Waste Chapter 1: How I Learned to Love the Excrement Chapter 2: The Early History of Human Excreta Chapter 3: Treasure Night Soil as if It Were Gold! Chapter 4: The Water Closet Dilemma and the Sewage Farm Paradigm Chapter 5: Germs, Fertilizer, and the Poop Police Part 2: The Present: A Sludge Revolution in Progress Chapter 6: The Great Sewage Time Bomb and the Redistribution of Nutrients on the Planet Chapter 7: Loowatt, a Loo That Turns Waste into Watts Chapter 8: The Crap That Cooks Your Dinner and Container-Based Sanitation Chapter 9: HomeBiogas: Your Personal Digester in a Box Chapter 10: Made in New York Chapter 11: Lystek, the Home of Sewage Smoothies Chapter 12: How DC Water Makes Biosolids BLOOM Chapter 13: From Biosolids to Biofuels Part 3: The Future of Medicine and Other Things Chapter 14: Poop: The Best (and Cheapest) Medicine Chapter 15: Looking where the Sun Doesn’t Shine Chapter 16: From the Kindness of One’s Gut: An Insider Look into Stool Banks Afterword: Breathing Poetry into Poop Notes Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Lifeblood offers a radically alternative way of thinking about ‘cheap oil’ and ‘oil addiction’ and in so doing peers beneath the liquid surfaces of petroleum to see how the long century of American oil consumption has been central to the rise of American neoliberalism itself. An original and masterful account of oil in contemporary American capitalism."—Michael Watts, University of California, Berkeley"Compellingly presented and enlivened by fascinating archival research, Huber’s arguments about the ‘ecology of politics’ and the centrality of oil to the making of ‘entrepreneurial life’ are important and intriguing."—Gavin Bridge, Durham University"Huber offers a poignant analysis of how oil shapes “the American way of life” and neoliberal hegemony in the US."—CHOICE"Huber makes it abundantly clear that the problems with patterns of oil consumption are not fundamentally technical and economic but cultural, social, and political."—Economic Geography"An incisive look into how oil permeates our lives and helped shape American politics during the twentieth century."—New Books in Geography"The most succinct, theoretically grounded critique of the culture of oil yet in print."—Humanities and Social Sciences Review Online"[Lifeblood Oil] is a compelling account, and is highly recommended."—Urban Studies"Huber takes us. . . into Americans’ own subconscious minds, to their un-thought-out daily patterns, and their emotional attachments to a sense of entrepreneurial success--and shows how these are linked materially to oil."—Environmental History"An elegantly written and empirically rich account which joins economic history, cultural analysis, and Marxist political economy."—Human GeographyTable of ContentsContentsIntroduction: Oil, Life, Politics1. The Power of Oil? Energy, Machines, and the Forces of Capital2. Refueling Capitalism: Depression, Oil, and the Making of “the American Way of Life”3. Fractionated Lives: Refineries and the Ecology of Entrepreneurial Life4. Shocked! “Energy Crisis,” Neoliberalism, and the Construction of an Apolitical Economy5. Pain at the Pump: Gas Prices, Life, and Death under NeoliberalismConclusion: Energizing FreedomAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisA cutting-edge, solutions-oriented analysis of how we can reimagine cities around the world to build sustainable futures. What would it take to make urban places greener, more affordable, more equitable, and healthier for everyone? In recent years, cities have stepped up efforts to address climate and sustainability crises. But progress has not been fast enough or gone deep enough. If communities are to thrive in the future, we need to quickly imagine and implement an entirely new approach to urban development: one that is centered on equity and rethinks social, political, and economic systems as well as urban designs. With attention to this need for structural change, Reimagining Sustainable Cities advocates for a community-informed model of racially, economically, and socially just cities and regions. The book aims to rethink urban sustainability for a new era. In Reimagining Sustainable Cities, Stephen M. Wheeler and Christina D. Rosan ask big-picture questions of interest to readers worldwide: How do we get to carbon neutrality? How do we adapt to a climate-changed world? How can we create affordable, inclusive, and equitable cities? While many books dwell on the analysis of problems, Reimagining Sustainable Cities prioritizes solutions-oriented thinkingsurveying historical trends, providing examples of constructive action worldwide, and outlining alternative problem-solving strategies. Wheeler and Rosan use a social ecology lens and draw perspectives from multiple disciplines. Positive, readable, and constructive in tone, Reimagining Sustainable Cities identifies actions ranging from urban design to institutional restructuring that can bring about fundamental change and prepare us for the challenges ahead. Trade Review"Half a century on, drastic change is still needed, warn urban ecologists Stephen Wheeler and Christina Rosen in their enlightening survey of today’s cities." * Nature *"This book is an ideal companion to a wide range of readers wishing to think again about sustainable cities and stimulate change across urban areas. The narrative of positivity and optimism laid out in the context of achieving sustainability makes this book a refreshing and welcome addition to a mounting body of literature dedicated to sustainable urban action." * Buildings & Cities *"This book is a compendium of the many changes that will be necessary to make a sustainable and equitable future possible." * Journal of Urban Affairs *"A much needed, holistically integrative, overview of sustainability strategies for designing greener, more just, resilient, adaptable and climate friendly communities." * Urban Studies Online *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Introduction 1. How Do We Get to Climate Neutrality? 2. How Do We Adapt to the Climate Crisis? 3. How Might We Create More Sustainable Economies? 4. How Can We Make Affordable, Inclusive, and Equitable Cities? 5. How Can We Reduce Spatial Inequality? 6. How Can We Get Where We Need to Go More Sustainably? 7. How Do We Manage Land More Sustainably? 8. How Do We Design Greener Cities? 9. How Do We Reduce Our Ecological Footprints? 10. How Can Cities Better Support Human Development? 11. How Might We Have More Functional Democracy? 12. How Can Each of Us Help Lead the Move toward Sustainable Communities? Conclusion Acknowledgments Notes Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Turtles of the World is a superbly illustrated guide to the families that contain the 350 known species that are alive today. . . . These ecologically important, egg-laying creatures are obsessively interesting: and of course endangered due to habitat loss, ocean plastic, tourism and global warming. Find out everything there is to know about turtles in this wonderful guide." * Bay Magazine *"Authoritative, visually compelling, and broadly accessible, this guide will please a broad swath of readers interested in turtles."---Robert Eagan, Library Journal"This colorful and compact book by two of North America's most eminent turtle biologists is a treat for anyone's personal library."---Jacqueline D. Litzgus, Herpetological Review"I cannot heap too much praise on this book. It brings turtles to us so vividly and in such a compelling manner."---David Gascoigne, Travels with Birds"How best to effectively convey appreciation and awareness of a diverse global-wide segment of the biota, both ancient and imperiled by humans? Lovich and Gibbons hit the mark with Turtles of the World: A Guide to Every Family."---Walter E. Meshaka, CHOICE"I can thoroughly recommend this beautifully produced and interesting book to start your journey into turtle biology."---Roger Downie, Glasgow Naturalist

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Book SynopsisThis guide provides descriptions of when the bat species resident in Britain and Ireland use natural and human-made rock habitats, how they use them, and the environments each species occupies therein. For the first time it brings together findings from historical scientific investigations, useful photographic accounts and open-access biological records, along with a rich seam of new data – all in a practical and user-friendly structure. The book encompasses: ~ Descriptions of the features that a climber, caver or professional ecologist might encounter on and in rock habitats where bats roost. ~ Recording criteria for both the physical and environmental attributes of different features and situations. ~ Identification of suitability thresholds against which the recorded information can be compared to assess the likelihood that a specific feature might be exploited by a particular bat species. ~ Suggestions for how to avoid mistakes and difficulties when performing a survey. The intention is that using this book will help generate standardised biological records which can feed into the fully accessible online database at www.batrockhabitatkey.co.uk. These data will be analysed to search for patterns that can increase the confidence in the suitability thresholds and help build roost features that deliver the environment each species really needs. As well as offering many new insights, this book allows the reader to participate in cutting-edge research.Trade ReviewAn invaluable aid to ecologists, conservationists, bat biologists, and citizen scientists seeking to increase our overall understanding of the roosting habits of various bat species. -- Danny A. Brass * The Underground Movement, The National Speleological Society *Cavers with the slightest interest in bats are likely to be fascinated by some of the detail revealed in Bat Roosts in Rock. -- Descent magazine...an invaluable tool for studying different rock roost features. Not being a bat biology book, it offers a new and refreshing view of the way conservationists study bat roosts, and it will surely ignite new curiosity in both junior and senior bat researchers. -- Journal of Bat Research and Conservation

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Book SynopsisRegeneration is a response to the urgency of the climate crisis, a what-to-do manual for all levels of society, from individuals to national governments and everything and everyone in between. This four-color illustrated work describes a system of interlocking initiatives that aim to stem the climate crisis in one generation--

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Book SynopsisExploring water scarcity issues in light of the growing crisis in global water management, this book examines the applicability of water markets. It provides an overview and understanding of the presence of water markets across the globe, analysing the ways in which different countries and regions are grappling with water scarcity. This timely book offers an insight into the benefits of water markets, and their identified market failures. A water market framework is applied to key case studies, highlighting that the majority of regions have not had sufficient water reforms to allow for the introduction of water markets without negative social consequences. The book addresses existing hydrological and institutional capacity across countries and areas where water reform is needed, and lessons are provided for future water markets, taking into account these limitations. The case studies of different countries tackling water scarcity issues and reform will make this an essential read for scholars of environmental studies, water economics, sustainability management and environmental policies. It will also be an invigorating book for water policy-makers interested in lessons for change, and in how to better implement reforms for water markets to help address both water scarcity and improve productivity.Trade Review'A veritable cookbook for those interested in understanding the necessary ingredients and recipes to implement successful water markets as a means to reduce water scarcity. A must-read for anyone interested in the current status of water markets worldwide and insight via case studies as to why such markets have - or have not yet - achieved their potential.' -- Kurt Schwabe, University of California-Riverside, US'The most comprehensive book on water markets written by the leading experts on the topic. Its up-to-date overview of water markets development around the world and the proposed framework to assess the conditions under which successful markets can emerge make it an essential tool for water managers, academics, and policy-makers.' -- Céline Nauges, Toulouse School of Economics, France'If water is valuable and scarce, why is it so poorly managed? Grappling with this paradox is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today. This collection of invaluable readings provides important insights into whether or not water markets can help. By drawing on case studies from around the world, the book explains how water markets work in many different countries, and how they must improve to be more effective in mitigating water scarcity. This is an essential reference for anyone interested in water markets as a possible mechanism for relieving the rising scarcity of our most cherished resource.' -- Edward B Barbier, Colorado State University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to Water Markets : an overview and systematic literature review 1 Sarah Ann Wheeler and Ying Xu 2 Developing a water market readiness assessment framework 20 Sarah Ann Wheeler, Adam Loch, Lin Crase, Mike Young and R. Quentin Grafton 3 Water markets in Africa: an analysis of Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe 50 Jamie Pittock, Louise Blessington, Evan W. Christen, Henning Bjornlund, Mario Chilundo, Krasposy Kujinga, Emmanuel Manzungu, Makarius Mdemu, André van Rooyen and Wilson de Sousa 4 Agricultural water markets in China: a case study of Zhangye City in Gansu province 65 Alec Zuo, Tianhe Sun, Jinxia Wang and Qiuqiong Huang 5 When the genie is out of the bottle: the case of dynamic groundwater markets in West Bengal, India 80 Sophie Lountain, Lin Crase and Bethany Cooper 6 Are water markets a viable proposition in the Lower Mekong Basin? 92 Kate Reardon-Smith, Matthew McCartney and Lisa-Maria Rebelo 7 Nepal: a country where water policy is in flux 113 Andrew Johnson, Madhav Belbase, Keshab Dhoj Adhikari, Maheswor Shrestha and Juliane Haensch 8 Groundwater markets in the Indus Basin Irrigation System, Pakistan 127 Irfan Ahmad Baig, Muhammad Ashfaq and Rida Afzal 9 Water markets in France: appropriate water scarcity management mechanisms? 143 Simon de Bonviller and Arnaud de Bonviller 10 Best-laid plans: water markets in Italy 161 C. Dionisio Pérez-Blanco 11 Applying the WRMA framework in England 175 Rosalind H. Bark and Nancy E. Smith 12 Assessment of water markets in Chile 192 Guillermo Donoso, Pilar Barria, Cristian Chadwick and Daniela Rivera 13 Ready or not? Learning from 30 years of experimentation with environmental water markets in the Columbia Basin (USA) 208 Gina Gilson and Dustin Garrick 14 Canterbury, New Zealand case study of the water market readiness framework assessment 223 Julia Talbot-Jones and R. Quentin Grafton 15 Lessons from water markets around the world 236 Sarah Ann Wheeler Index

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Book SynopsisNow in its second edition, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Disaster Management has been completely updated to take account of new developments in the field. Using a hands-on approach grounded in relevant GIS and disaster management theory and practice, this textbook continues the tradition of the benchmark first edition, providing coverage of GIS fundamentals applied to disaster management. Real-life case studies demonstrate GIS concepts and their applicability to the full disaster management cycle. The learning-by-example approach helps readers see how GIS for disaster management operates at local, state, national, and international scales through government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, and volunteer groups.New in the second edition: a chapter on allied technologies that includes remote sensing, Global Positioning Systems (GPS), indoor navigation, and Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS); thirteen new technTrade Review"I enjoyed the book immensely. The book provides a comprehensive discussion of using geospatial data sets, tools and techniques to address different phases of emergency management along with examples and implementation steps. The book can easily be used in the classroom or as a reference book by both novice professionals and experts." Bandana Kar, R & D Staff in the National Security Sciences Directorate at Oak Ridge National Laboratory "We need spatial information more than ever to help plan for, respond to, and recover from disasters. This book does an outstanding job of laying the foundations and providing the contextual knowledge needed to leverage geospatial data and make maps that matter in crisis situations." Anthony C. Robinson, Department of Geography, Penn State University "Disasters--human and natural--make it painfully clear how relevant the geographic perspective is to our modern world. Dr Tomaszewski's book not only will equip its readers with theoretical foundations and practical skills to apply GIS workflows and tools to such diverse situations as wildfires, floods, and chemical spills, but will make strides in building a workforce that puts "spatial first" in its decision-making." Joseph Kerski, GISP, Esri and University of Denver Table of Contents1. A Survey of GIS for Disaster Management 2. Fundamentals of Geographic Information and Maps 3. Geographic Information Systems 4. Geographic Information Systems and Allied Technologies 5. Disaster Management and Geographic Information Systems 6. Geographic Information Systems and Disaster Planning and Preparedness 7. Geographic Information Systems and Disaster Response 8. Geographic Information Systems and Disaster Recovery 9. Geographic Information Systems and Disaster Mitigation 10. Special Topics, Future Technology, Professional Career Options and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Trends

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Book SynopsisFrom the author of the bestselling ESCAPING FROM EDEN. Do our world mythologies convey our ancestors' ideas about God? Or are they in reality ancestral memories of extra-terrestrial contact? How do ancient stories of contact, adaptation and abduction relate to people's experiences around the world today? The Scars of Eden will take you around the world to hear first-hand from ancestral voices alongside contemporary experiencers and world-renowned researchers. Recent revelations from US Navy, the Pentagon, and French Intelligence bring the reader right up to date in examining what has been forgotten and remembered, hidden and disclosed. If world mythologies, including the Bible, have confused the idea of God with ancient ET visitations, what difference does it make? How does it impact society today? And why is this cultural taboo so widespread and, for the author, so personal?

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Book SynopsisBorders harm all of us: they must be abolished.Borders divide workers and families, fuel racial division, and reinforce global disparities. They encourage the expansion of technologies of surveillance and control, which impact migrants and citizens both.Bradley and de Noronha tell what should by now be a simple truth: borders are not only at the edges of national territory, in airports, or at border walls. Borders are everyday and everywhere; they follow people around and get between us, and disrupt our collective safety, freedom and flourishing. is a passionate manifesto for border abolition, arguing that we must transform society and our relationships to one another, and build a world in which everyone has the freedom to move and to stay.Trade ReviewAgainst Borders demonstrates the clarifying power of applying abolitionist politics to the issue of borders. In doing so, it achieves a rare unity of theory and practice, combining profound analysis with pointers to radical action. -- Arun KundnaniThe arguments in this elegant and powerful book are entirely reasonable and pragmatic and yet utterly revolutionary, proposing an abolitionist political imagination and a horizon of liberation. -- Michael HardtA book that invites us to dream of a reconfigured world where the borders between nation states no longer control and define us. -- Stella DadzieA refreshing, well-argued and moving proposal for 'non-reformist reforms' that would demolish one of the cruellest components of the capitalist state, written with a non-sectarian openness and a utopian imagination -- Owen HatherleyAn accessible, detailed examination of how borders function. A must read for anyone who wants to get to grips with the case for border abolition. -- Maya Goodfellow, author of Hostile EnvironmentAn incisive exploration of how borders operate in the 21st century. -- Emily Kenway * openDemocracy *Against Borders: The Case for Abolition is a compelling and much-needed primer on abolishing borders. By de-bunking common myths, presenting historical analysis, and guiding readers through contemporary social movements, Gracie Mae Bradley and Luke de Noronha passionately and accessibly lay out the vision and necessity for a world without borders. -- Harsha Walia, author Border and Rule & Undoing Border Imperialism

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Book Synopsis'BRITAIN'S FINEST LIVING NATURE WRITER' - THE TIMESA SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER and BBC Radio 4 'Book of the Week' from 'indisputably, one of the best nature-writers of his generation' (Country Life) Written in diary format, The Wood is the story of English woodlands as they change with the seasons. Lyrical and informative, steeped in poetry and folklore, The Wood inhabits the mind and touches the soul.For four years John Lewis-Stempel managed Cockshutt wood, a particular wood - three and half acres of mixed woodland in south west Herefordshire - that stands as exemplar for all the small woods of England. John coppiced the trees and raised cows and pigs who roamed free there. This is the diary of the last year, by which time he had come to know it from the bottom of its beech roots to the tip of its oaks, and to know all the animals that lived there - the fox, the pheasants, the wood mice, the tawny owl - and where the best bluebells grew. For many fauna and flora, woods like Cockshutt are the last refuge. It proves a sanctuary for John too. To read The Wood is to be amongst its trees as the seasons change, following an easy path until, suddenly the view is broken by a screen of leaves, or your foot catches on a root, or a bird startles overhead. This is a wood you will never want to leave.Trade ReviewIt is a pleasure to be in the company of a man who is so attuned to his woody world ... He is good at sketching nature, fixing a vivid image in the mind's eye of a reader ... Lewis-Stempel has rightly won himself the reputation as being among our best nature writers ... The Wood is an entertaining, illuminating, well-turned read -- Robbie Millen * The Times *John Lewis-Stempel is the hottest nature writer around. * Spectator *A heartfelt and evocative diary of a year among the trees…it’s his observation of the natural world – the sight, the sound, the smell of it – that is so memorable. He has a distinctively brisk, muscular style of writing that has a poetic intensity and concision. * Guardian *Lyrical diary documenting a year in nature ... he’s brilliant on birds and their habits. -- Helen Brown * Daily Mail *Another triumph. Natural, translucent, full of half-glimpsed depths....just like a wood itself. -- Philip Marsden

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Book SynopsisSoil Mechanics Laboratory Manual, Tenth Edition, is designed to get dirty. This ideal complement to any Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics textbook is ring-bound and ''flexi-covered'' so students can have it on hand at the lab bench or in the field. Content is organized around standard lab project workflow: It includes over 25 lab projects that are closely aligned to current ASTM standards followed by data sheets for collecting field data and another set for preparing laboratory reports.Trade ReviewExcellent lab manual that needs to be adopted by everyone for Geotech lab." - Patil (current user)Table of ContentsPreface 1. Laboratory Test and Preparation of Report 2. Determination of Water Content 3. Specific Gravity of Soil Solids 4. Sieve Analysis 5. Hydrometer Analysis 6. Liquid Limit Test: Percussion Cup Method 7. Liquid Limit Test: Fall Cone Method 8. Plastic Limit Test 9. Shrinkage Limit Determination 10. Engineering Classification of Soils 11. Standard Proctor Compaction Test 12. Determination of Field Unit Weight of Compaction by Sand Cone Method 13. Maximum and Minimum Dry Densities of Granular Soil (Sand) 14. Constant Head Permeability Test in Sand 15. Falling Head Permeability Test in Sand 16. Direct Shear Test on Sand 17. Unconfined Compression Test 18. Consolidation Test 19. Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Test on Cohesive Soil 20. Consolidated-Undrained Triaxial Test on Cohesive Soil 21. Consolidated-Drained Triaxial Test on Cohesive Sands 22. Resilient Modulus Test for Cohesive and Granular Soils 23. California Bearing Ratio for Laboratory Compacted Soils References APPENDICES A. Weight-Volume Relationships B. Data Sheets for Laboratory Experiments

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Book SynopsisThe wood used by craftsmen to create many of the world’s legendary stringed instruments comes from seven near-mythic European forests. Jeffrey Greene takes the reader into those woodlands and into luthiers’ workshops to show us how the world’s finest instruments not only contribute to great musical art but are prized works of art in themselves.

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Book SynopsisA NEW SCIENTIST BOOK OF THE YEAR''A true hero'' Greta ThunbergA legendary conservationist. A lifetime spent fighting for nature. An indispensable message of hope. In a world that seems so troubled, how do we hold on to hope?Looking at the headlines?the worsening climate crisis, loss of biodiversity, political upheaval?it can be hard to feel optimistic. And yet hope has never been more desperately needed.In this urgent book, Jane Goodall, the world''s most famous living naturalist, and Douglas Abrams, the bestselling co-author of The Book of Joy, explore through intimate and thought-provoking dialogue one of the most sought after and least understood elements of human nature: hope. In The Book of Hope, Jane focuses on her Four Reasons for Hope: The Amazing Human Intellect, The Resilience of Nature, The Power of Young People, and The Indomitable Human Spirit. Filled with inspiring stories and original photographs, The Book of Hope is a rare and intimate look not only at the nature of hope but also into the heart and mind of a woman who revolutionized how we view the world and has spent a lifetime fighting for our future.There is still hope, and this book will help guide us to it.Trade Review'A true hero' -- Greta Thunberg'One of the most impactful and important leaders on the planet. Jane spends nearly every day spreading optimism and raising awareness worldwide; hers is a powerful message to protect the inherent rights of every living creature, to provide hope for future generations and to sound an urgent call against the greatest environmental threat of all-climate change' -- Leonardo DiCaprio'A lifetime of experience and wisdom combines with much-needed optimism in this guide to the climate crisis and what we can do about it' * Guardian *'Goodall's tales are undeniably uplifting, as is her life story' * Financial Times *'I don't feel there could have been a more timely moment for this book to be coming into our lives... it's the book we've been waiting for. It's the book we've been hoping for' -- Jay Shetty, author of Think Like a Monk'Illuminating... teases out Goodall's thoughts on why one should feel hopeful in "dark times." In unpacking her belief in the power of persistence, Goodall takes readers to her childhood home in England, where her family questioned if she had the constitution to travel to Africa; to Tanzania, where she studied chimpanzees and came face to face with "crippling poverty, lack of good education and degradation of the land"; and into her work as a U.N. Messenger of Peace. Her infectious optimism and stirring call to action make this necessary reading for those concerned about the planet's future. Goodall's rousing testament will resonate widely' * Publisher's Weekly (Starred Review) *'At 87, the world-renowned naturalist and conservationist remains a doughty campaigner who has inspired Greta Thunberg and countless others. Now she draws on the wisdom of a lifetime dedicated to nature to explain why she still has hope for the natural world and humanity. In a series of enthralling conversations with her co-author Abrams, she weaves together stories from her travels and activism to offer a manifesto of hope - which shows that even in our current state of adversity, we can still take inspiration from nature' * Bookseller *'Hers is no rose-tinted vision, but a lucidly argued conviction that hope is a human survival trait' * Financial Times *'Both a memoir of a well-lived life and a compendium of stories of 'people who succeed because they won't give up'' * New Scientist *It gives accessibility, lightness and even warmth to what might otherwise be some heavy, distressing topics. This is a book that asks us - finally - to take action. Beautifully written, with a lot of heart and insight, this is a lovely, uplifting read that is still rooted in the real. * Buzz Magazine *An informative road map of ideas for ways in which every person may help bring about positive change in the world, rooted firmly in an awareness of how bad things have really gotten. -- Barbara J. King, author of Animals' Best Friends * NPR *Her message is contagious, her gentleness persuasive, her wisdom deep, and if this little book were to be gifted in households across the world...then perhaps her message of hope would grow roots and shoots and unite us. -- Katherine Norbury * The Washington Post *

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Book SynopsisClimate scientists, geologists, ecologists, and archaeologists recognize the profound effects of human activity on Earth, though whether and how this should be recognized as a formal geological epoch - the Anthropocene - remains under debate, Erle Ellis describes how the Anthropocene concept is affecting the sciences, humanities, and politics.Trade ReviewIn this Very Short Introduction, Professor Ellis illustrates the issues of establishing a new epoch beautifully and also gives an excellent history of the Anthropocene's development as an idea. * Jonathan Scafidi, Geoscientist *This little book provides a refreshing read ... Every geography teacher would benefit from reading this short introduction, not least for the powerful knowledge it lends for understanding human relations with, and actions on, the environment. * Duncan Hawley, Geography Magazine *[an] excellent, concise and foundational book * Jim Richardson, Eyes on Earth *Ellis provides us with an authoritative introduction to the Anthropocene ... a fascinating and erudite book" * Leslie Sklair, LSE Review of Books *An easy-to understand new release offers a compact introduction to the age of man * Tanja Traxler, Der Standard *Anthropocene: A Very Short Introduction provides an exceptionally well-organized, sufficiently detailed, and encompassing overview of why the Anthropocene should be clearly recognized, in some form, as an unprecedented time in Earth history ... My initial reaction after reading Ellis's contribution was to think about just how enlightened our world would be if everyone would read this book. * John Geissman, Reports of the National Center for Science Education (NCSE) *an interesting, succinct and concerning exposé that explains both the controversy and the science of the Anthropocene. * GrrlScientist for Medium *An excellent in"roduction to this still controversial concept * David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer *Ellis offers an insightful discussion of our role in shaping the planet, and how this will influence our future on many fronts. * Michael Svoboda, Yale Climate Connections *This is a welcome addition to the Very Short Introductions series and would be a cheap, useful addition as a reference work to anyone concerned as to how we are transforming our world. * Jonathan Cowie, Science Fact & Science Fiction Concatenation *Ellis's slim book does an excellent job of cutting through the complexity [of the topic]. He has produced an impressive overview of the Anthropocene concept as both a scientific and cultural discussion ... Overall the book is fair, comprehensive, and clearly written. * Nicole E. Heller, Environmental History *Table of Contents1: Origins 2: Earth System 3: Geologic Time 4: The Great Acceleration 5: Anthropos 6: Oikos 7: Politikos 8: Prometheus Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisToday, our lives are dominated by an ideology of extreme competition and individualism. It misrepresents human nature, destroying hope and common purpose. But we cannot replace it without a positive vision, one that reengages people in politics and lights a path to a better world. Urgent and passionate, George Monbiot shows how new findings in psychology, neuroscience and evolutionary biology cast humans in a radically different light: as the supreme altruists and cooperators. He shows how both democracy and economic life can be radically reorganised from the bottom up, enabling us to take back control and overthrow the forces that have thwarted our ambitions for a better society. Out of the Wreckage explains just how communities can be rebuilt with the help of a new "politics of belonging".Trade Review"George Monbiot, with the clarity and straightforwardness that is his trademark, has managed to lay out our dilemma and our possibilities - this book strikes the necessary balance between visionary and practical, and does it with real grace." - Bill McKibben, author of Enough "Inspired and inspirational, George Monbiot's call to act gives new coherence to a movement that is changing as it learns. So much has to change that the scale of the task can feel overwhelming. But we have changed our lives as fast and fundamentally before." - Danny Dorling, author of Inequality and the 1%

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Book SynopsisThe Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) has been off-limits to human habitation for nearly seventy years, and in that time, biodiverse forms of life have flourished in and around the DMZ as beneficiaries of an unresolved war. In Making Peace with Nature Eleana J. Kim shows how a closer examination of the DMZ in South Korea reveals that the area’s biodiversity is inseparable from scientific practices and geopolitical, capitalist, and ecological dynamics. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with ecologists, scientists, and local residents, Kim focuses on irrigation ponds, migratory bird flyways, and land mines in the South Korean DMZ area, demonstrating how human and nonhuman ecologies interact and transform in spaces defined by war and militarization. In so doing, Kim reframes peace away from a human-oriented political or economic peace and toward a more-than-human, biological peace. Such a peace recognizes the reality of war while pointing to potential forms of human and nonhumaTrade Review"Making Peace with Nature is to be commended for its thoughtful attention to the competing priorities and placemaking of the DMZ region by both human and more-than-human actors. In decentring the human, Kim makes a critical intervention in discourses of peace that instrumentalise the DMZ for political or economic gain. Making Peace with Nature makes a valuable contribution across disciplines and may be of particular interest to scholars and students in Korean studies, Asian studies, cultural anthropology, political science, and the environmental humanities." -- Ivanna Sang Een Yi * Asian Studies Review *"Kim offers an opportunity to think of the ecological ramifications of the closed borders of the last few years. One particularly powerful chapter is her study of undetonated mines along the DMZ from the Korean War." -- Adrian De Leon * Public Books *"Kim’s astute theoretical work … is a refreshing approach to the puzzle of nonhuman agency." -- Caterina Scaramelli * American Ethnologist *"Eleana Kim’s book stands as a thought-provoking contribution to our understanding of the Korean DMZ. ... She presents a compelling case for the future sustainability of the Korean DMZ area and leaves an indelible mark on the discourse surrounding this historic landmark." -- Chae-han Kim * Pacific Affairs *Table of ContentsList of Abbreviations ix The South Korean DMZ Region xi A Note about Romanization and Translation xii Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 1. In the Meantime of Division 30 2. Ponds 62 3. Birds 87 4. Landmines 119 Epilogue. De/militarized Ecologies 152 Notes 159 Works Cited 177 Index 191

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"The book synthesizes research on innovation and sustainability in a way that I've not seen. The authors work through systemic issues that we must consider in order to reach a more sustainable economy."—Glen W. S. Dowell, Cornell University"Lenox and Chatterji make a major contribution by explaining the systematic dynamics of "going green." Their sophisticated analysis of complex challenges will enable the private sector to successfully adopt and implement sustainable innovations."—David Vogel, University of California, Berkeley, and author of The Market for Virtue"This marvelous book unites rigorous research with in-depth examples to show how business really might be able to save the earth. It's the perfect answer to the question my students ask me all the time: How can I make a difference?"—Rebecca M. Henderson, Harvard Business School"Lennox (UVA) and Chatterji (Duke) developed a model that businesses can consider when addressing climate change and environmental sustainability.The authors provide many examples of environmentally friendly efforts from businesses such as Uber, Apple, Apex Clean Energy, TerraCycle, and Home Depot."—G.E. Kaupins, Choice"There is bad news and good news about the state of the earth, and business school professors Michael Lenox and Aaron Chatterji address both with eye-opening accuracy in this compelling, provocative treatise....The authors make an impassioned plea, particularly to businesses, to bring to market the innovative products and services necessary to create value while reducing environmental impacts. While the tenor of Can Business Save the Earth? is generally positive, one cannot miss the real sense of urgency it conveys."—Barry Silverstein, Foreword MagazineTable of Contents1. Business as Savior 2. Innovator as Genius 3. Manager as Hero 4. Investor as Visionary 5. Customer as King 6. System as Catalyst

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Book Synopsis***A Waterstones Best Books of 2022 pick***A New Scientist Book of the YearShortlisted for the Wainwright Prize for Conservation Writing 'Fascinating... There is something wondrous in Milman's revelation of our fragile dependency on insect life as well as its beauty and strangeness.' Guardian'Gripping and especially unnerving.' David Wallace-WellsWhen is the last time you were stung by a wasp? Or were followed by a cloud of midges? Or saw a butterfly? All these normal occurrences are becoming much rarer. A groundswell of research suggests insect numbers are in serious decline all over the world - in some places by over 90%.The Insect Crisis explores this hidden emergency, arguing that its consequences could even rival climate change. We rely on insect pollination for the bulk of our agriculture, they are a prime food source for birds and fish, and they are a key strut holding up life on Earth, especially our own. In a compelling and entertaining investigation spanning the globe, Milman speaks to the scientists and entomologists studying this catastrophe and asks why these extraordinary creatures are disappearing. Part warning, part celebration of the incredible variety of insects, this book highlights why we need to wake up to this impending environmental disaster.Trade ReviewA gripping and especially unnerving book: what happens when the bugs go? As Milman deftly illustrates, in the face of die-offs too widespread to closely track, we are rushing headlong into a precarious and uncertain future. * David Wallace-Wells, bestselling author of The Uninhabitable Earth *This beautifully written book captures the wonders of insects alongside sharing insights about the ways in which passionate and dedicated entomologists around the world gather the information to unravel the complex patterns of change in insect populations. This is both a story of insects and the inspiring people who tirelessly study and conserve them. * Professor Helen Roy, President of the Royal Entomological Society *Fascinating... If its visions are sometimes mournful, there is also something wondrous in Milman's revelation of our fragile dependency on insect life as well as its beauty and strangeness. * Guardian *Carefully researched and highly readable... [Milman's] book takes an unflinching look at the alarming decline in insect numbers and what this means for both biodiversity and humanity. * The Sunday Business Post *Gripping, sobering and important. * The New York Times *Table of Contents1: An Intricate Dance 2: Winners and Losers 3: "Zero Insect Days" 4: The Peak of the Pesticide 5: In the Teeth of the Climate Emergency 6: The Labor of Honeybees 7: A Monarch's Journey 8: The Inaction Plan 9: A Human Emergency

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Book SynopsisRanging across the 4.6 billion year history of the planet, geology is the subject that encompasses almost all that we see around us, in one way or another, and also much that we cannot see, beneath our feet, and on other planets. The fruits of geology provide most of the materials that give us shelter, and most of the energy that drives our modern lives. Within the study of geology lie some of the clues to the extraordinary impact our species is going to play out on the planet, in centuries and millennia to come.In this Very Short Introduction Jan Zalasiewicz gives a brief introduction to the fascinating field of geology. Describing how the science developed from its early beginnings, he looks at some of the key discoveries that have transformed it, before delving into its various subfields, such as sedimentology, tectonics, and stratigraphy. Analysing the geological foundations of the Earth, Zalasiewicz explains the interlocking studies of tectonics, geophysics, and igneous and metamorphic petrology and geochemistry; and describes how rocks are dated by radiometric dating. Considering the role and importance of geology in the finding and exploitation of resources (including fracking), he also discusses its place in environmental issues, such as foundations for urban structures and sites for landfill, and in tackling issues associated with climate change. Zalasiewicz concludes by discussing the exciting future and frontiers of the field, such as the exploration of the geology of Mars.ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Trade ReviewIf you do not want to have to wade through heavy tomes and are equipped with only school-level knowledge of science, to gain a basic appreciation of this subject, then this 150 page short book could well be just what you need. * Jonathan Cowie, Science Fact & Science Fiction Concatenation *I have never read a better introduction to this vast, fascinating, and vital subject. It really is like seeing the world in a grain of sand. * Dr Ted Nield, Editor, Geoscientist magazine *How much do we know about our home? Jan Zalasiewicz's brief history of Earth is fun to read, yet strong on science too. It's a clear and accurate guide to our planet, and also addresses the challenge of caring for the environment. Just right for that flight or a long train trip! * Euan Nisbet, Foundation Prof. of Earth Science, Royal Holloway, Univ. of London *Table of Contents1: What is geology? 2: Geology: the early days 3: Modern breakthroughs and revolutions 4: Deep Earth geology 5: Earth surface geology 6: Geological fieldwork 7: Geology for resources 8: Geology for society and the environment 9: A very brief history of the Earth

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Book SynopsisJane Burnard has worked as a children's books editor for many years, and as a writer, translator, and gardener. Her previous titles include An Arctic Story and A Rainforest Story. A Coral Reef Story is her second picture book.Kendra Binney is a nature-loving painter whose artwork combines pastel washes and resin to beautiful effect. Her work has been published and sold all over the world.

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Book SynopsisRivers, landscapes, whole territories: these are the latest entities environmental activists have fought hard to include in the relentless expansion of rights in our world. But what does it mean for a landscape to have rights? Why would anyone want to create such rights, and to what end? Is it a good idea, and does it come with risks? This book presents the logic behind giving nature rights and discusses the most important cases in which this has happened, ranging from constitutional rights of nature in Ecuador to rights for rivers in New Zealand, Colombia, and India. Mihnea Tanasescu offers clear answers to the thorny questions that the intrusion of nature into law is sure to raise.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments; Introduction; Rights Meet Nature; From Theory to Practice; Diversity of Practice; The Perils of Totality; From Practice to Theory; Conclusions; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisThe ‘smart city’ is often promoted as a technology-driven solution to complex urban issues. While commentators are increasingly critical of techno-optimistic narratives, the political imagination is dominated by claims that technical solutions can be uniformly applied to intractable problems. This book provides a much-needed alternative view, exploring how ‘home-grown’ digital disruption, driven and initiated by local actors, upends the mainstream corporate narrative. Drawing on original research conducted in a range of urban African settings, Odendaal shows how these initiatives can lead to meaningful change. This is a valuable resource for scholars working in the intersection of science and technology studies, urban and economic geography and sociology.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Fantasies, Hope and Compelling Narratives The Expansive Nature of Platforms Hacking Mobility Digital Food Dialogues Cyborg Activism Platform Practices and the Public Imagination Conclusion: On Understanding Situated Platform Urbanism

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Book SynopsisNEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLERFor the first time ever, an international coalition of leading researchers, scientists and policymakers has come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. All of the techniques described here - some well-known, some you may have never heard of - are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are already enacting them. From revolutionizing how we produce and consume food to educating girls in lower-income countries, these are all solutions which, if deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, could not just slow the earth''s warming, but reach drawdown: the point when greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere peak and begin todecline. So what are we waiting for?Trade ReviewA bold plan to beat back climate change based on solutions already within our grasp * Outside Magazine *It will give you the best kind of hope, the kind that balances realism with radical vision . . . Drawdown stands out among the many recent climate books . . . This is a breakthrough book, and even its omissions are instructive. There really is a way forward, and these days, it's great to see this rather basic fact demonstrated with such astonishing focus and brio * The Nation *

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Book SynopsisPopulations of cities have grown at unprecedented rate, consuming ever more land, placing severe strain on the environment and also on cash-strapped governments. Nature needs to be reintroduced to our cities. This book is focused on urban nature conservation, aspects that will resonate with advisors to local government, people interested in bringing back nature to our cities and anyone with a keen interest in nature. Our ecosystems are under threat and green infrastructure needs to be better managed so that there will be less fragmentation and habitat loss. All of us have to live more towards a sustainable urban nature environment. This book guides all of us how to address nature on our doorsteps. There are 214 photos, 6 tables and 25 illustrations on principles of urban nature conservation. The book informs how to participate and synchronise lifestyles to contribute to sustainable urban nature environments. Urban wetlands, watercourses, riparian zones, buffer zones, ecological corridors and functions are explained. The annexures in the book described owl boxes, bird feeders, earthworm bins and how to produce organic compost.What is important is that more and more people move to cities and city developments encroach upon nature areas. These encroachments can be managed to accommodate ecologically sensitive urban nature areas. These areas can be utilised in ways that it will benefit the environment people live in.

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