Differential calculus and equations Books

Book SynopsisThis book is devoted to the development of optimal control theory for finite dimensional systems governed by deterministic and stochastic differential equations driven by vector measures. The book deals with a broad class of controls, including regular controls (vector-valued measurable functions), relaxed controls (measure-valued functions) and controls determined by vector measures, where both fully and partially observed control problems are considered. In the past few decades, there have been remarkable advances in the field of systems and control theory thanks to the unprecedented interaction between mathematics and the physical and engineering sciences. Recently, optimal control theory for dynamic systems driven by vector measures has attracted increasing interest. This book presents this theory for dynamic systems governed by both ordinary and stochastic differential equations, including extensive results on the existence of optimal controls and necessary conditions for optimality. Computational algorithms are developed based on the optimality conditions, with numerical results presented to demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical results developed in the book. This book will be of interest to researchers in optimal control or applied functional analysis interested in applications of vector measures to control theory, stochastic systems driven by vector measures, and related topics. In particular, this self-contained account can be a starting point for further advances in the theory and applications of dynamic systems driven and controlled by vector measures.Trade Review“This book is a masterpiece of mathematical work where the authors joyfully stroll with the reader through the pleasant universe of control theory and its many applications. … I think the authors did a very good job. Their contribution is surely going to be particularly helpful to applied mathematicians. It’s a must read!” (Calvin Tadmon, SIAM Review, Vol. 64 (4), December, 2022)Table of Contents1 Mathematical Preliminaries.- 2 Linear Systems.- 3 Nonlinear Systems.- 4 Optimal Control: Existence Theory.- Optimal Control: Necessary Conditions of Optimality.- 6 Stochastic Systems Controlled by Vector Measures.- 7 Applications to Physical Examples.- Bibliography.- Index.

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Book SynopsisThe second edition of this successful textbook includes a significantly extended chapter on Climate Change with an analysis of the CO2 budget. It also contains a completely new part on Epidemiology, treating the SEIR-model which describes the behavior and dynamics of epidemics. In particular, COVID-19 with actual data is discussed. This compact introduction to ordinary differential equations and their applications is aimed at anyone who in their studies is confronted voluntarily or involuntarily with this versatile subject. Numerous applications from physics, technology, biomathematics, cosmology, economy and optimization theory are given. Abstract proofs and unnecessary formalism are avoided as far as possible. The focus is on modelling ordinary differential equations of the first and second orders as well as their analytical and numerical solution methods, in which the theory is dealt with briefly before moving on to application examples. In addition, program codes show exemplarily how even more challenging questions can be tackled and represented meaningfully with the help of a computer algebra system. The first chapter deals with the necessary prior knowledge of integral and differential calculus. 103 motivating exercises together with their solutions round off the work. “I am happy to see such a book. It will serve as a support for many students, professors and faculty.” Dr. Alessio Figalli, Professor at the ETH Zürich and Fields medalist 2018Table of ContentsPrerequisites from Calculus.- First Order Differential Equations.- First Order Applications.- Second Order Differential Equations and Systems with Applications.- Numerical MethodsWith Applications.- Climate Change, Epidemiolgy, Signal Processing.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides new contributions to the theory of inequalities for integral and sum, and includes four chapters. In the first chapter, linear inequalities via interpolation polynomials and green functions are discussed. New results related to Popoviciu type linear inequalities via extension of the Montgomery identity, the Taylor formula, Abel-Gontscharoff's interpolation polynomials, Hermite interpolation polynomials and the Fink identity with Green’s functions, are presented. The second chapter is dedicated to Ostrowski’s inequality and results with applications to numerical integration and probability theory. The third chapter deals with results involving functions with nondecreasing increments. Real life applications are discussed, as well as and connection of functions with nondecreasing increments together with many important concepts including arithmetic integral mean, wright convex functions, convex functions, nabla-convex functions, Jensen m-convex functions, m-convex functions, m-nabla-convex functions, k-monotonic functions, absolutely monotonic functions, completely monotonic functions, Laplace transform and exponentially convex functions, by using the finite difference operator of order m. The fourth chapter is mainly based on Popoviciu and Cebysev-Popoviciu type identities and inequalities. In this last chapter, the authors present results by using delta and nabla operators of higher order.Trade Review“This is an interesting book on the theory of inequalities for integrals and sums, which researchers in this theory should have in their library.” (Gradimir Milovanović, Mathematical Reviews, December, 2023)Table of Contents1 Linear Inequalities via Interpolation Polynomials and Green Functions.- 2 Ostrowski Inequality.- 3 Functions with Nondecreasing Increments.- 4 Popoviciu and Cebysev-Popoviciu Type Identities and Inequalities.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph provides a state-of-the-art, self-contained account on the effectiveness of the method of boundary layer potentials in the study of elliptic boundary value problems with boundary data in a multitude of function spaces. Many significant new results are explored in detail, with complete proofs, emphasizing and elaborating on the link between the geometric measure-theoretic features of an underlying surface and the functional analytic properties of singular integral operators defined on it. Graduate students, researchers, and professionals interested in a modern account of the topic of singular integral operators and boundary value problems – as well as those more generally interested in harmonic analysis, PDEs, and geometric analysis – will find this text to be a valuable addition to the mathematical literature.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Geometric Measure Theory.- Calderon-Zygmund Theory for Boundary Layers in UR Domains.- Boundedness and Invertibility of Layer Potential Operators.- Controlling the BMO Semi-Norm of the Unit Normal.- Boundary Value Problems in Muckenhoupt Weighted Spaces.- Singular Integrals and Boundary Problems in Morrey and Block Spaces.- Singular Integrals and Boundary Problems in Weighted Banach Function Spaces.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides an introduction to methods for solving nonlinear partial differential equations (NLPDEs). After the introduction of several PDEs drawn from science and engineering, readers are introduced to techniques to obtain exact solutions of NLPDEs. The chapters include the following topics: Nonlinear PDEs are Everywhere; Differential Substitutions; Point and Contact Transformations; First Integrals; and Functional Separability. Readers are guided through these chapters and are provided with several detailed examples. Each chapter ends with a series of exercises illustrating the material presented in each chapter. This Second Edition includes a new method of generating contact transformations and focuses on a solution method (parametric Legendre transformations) to solve a particular class of two nonlinear PDEs.Table of ContentsNonlinear PDEs are Everywhere.- Differential Substitutions.- Point and Contact Transformations.- First Integrals.- Functional Separability.

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Book SynopsisThe textbook presents a rather unique combination of topics in ODEs, examples and presentation style. Presentation emphasizes the development of practical solution skills by including a very large number of in-text examples and end-of-section exercises.

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Book SynopsisThis monograph addresses two significant related questions in complex geometry: the construction of a Chern character on the Grothendieck group of coherent sheaves of a compact complex manifold with values in its Bott-Chern cohomology, and the proof of a corresponding Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck theorem. One main tool used is the equivalence of categories established by Block between the derived category of bounded complexes with coherent cohomology and the homotopy category of antiholomorphic superconnections. Chern-Weil theoretic techniques are then used to construct forms that represent the Chern character. The main theorem is then established using methods of analysis, by combining local index theory with the hypoelliptic Laplacian.Coherent Sheaves, Superconnections, and Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck is an important contribution to both the geometric and analytic study of complex manifolds and, as such, it will be a valuable resource for many researchers in geometry, analysis, and mathematical physics. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Bott-Chern Cohomology and Characteristic Classes.- The Derived Category ${\mathrm{D^{b}_{\mathrm{coh}}}}$.- Preliminaries on Linear Algebra and Differential Geometry.- The Antiholomorphic Superconnections of Block.- An Equivalence of Categories.- Antiholomorphic Superconnections and Generalized Metrics.- Generalized Metrics and Chern Character Forms.- The Case of Embeddings.- Submersions and Elliptic Superconnections.- Elliptic Superconnection Forms and Direct Images.- A Proof of Theorem 10-1 when $\overline{\partial}^{X}\partial^{X}\omega^{X}=0$..- The Hypoelliptic Superconnections.- The Hypoelliptic Superconnection Forms.- The Hypoelliptic Superconnection Forms when $\overline{\partial}^{X}\partial^{X}\omega^{X}=0$.- Exotic Superconnections and Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck.- Subject Index.- Index of Notation.- Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comprehensive analysis of the existence of weak solutions of unsteady problems with variable exponents. The central motivation is the weak solvability of the unsteady p(.,.)-Navier–Stokes equations describing the motion of an incompressible electro-rheological fluid. Due to the variable dependence of the power-law index p(.,.) in this system, the classical weak existence analysis based on the pseudo-monotone operator theory in the framework of Bochner–Lebesgue spaces is not applicable. As a substitute for Bochner–Lebesgue spaces, variable Bochner–Lebesgue spaces are introduced and analyzed. In the mathematical framework of this substitute, the theory of pseudo-monotone operators is extended to unsteady problems with variable exponents, leading to the weak solvability of the unsteady p(.,.)-Navier–Stokes equations under general assumptions.Aimed primarily at graduate readers, the book develops the material step-by-step, starting with the basics of PDE theory and non-linear functional analysis. The concise introductions at the beginning of each chapter, together with illustrative examples, graphics, detailed derivations of all results and a short summary of the functional analytic prerequisites, will ease newcomers into the subject.Table of Contents- 1. Introduction. - 2. Preliminaries. - Part I Main Part. - 3. Variable Bochner–Lebesgue Spaces. - 4. Solenoidal Variable Bochner–Lebesgue Spaces. - 5. Existence Theory for Lipschitz Domains. - Part II Extensions. - 6. Pressure Reconstruction. - 7. Existence Theory for Irregular Domains. - 8. Existence Theory for p- < 2. - 9. Appendix.

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Book SynopsisThis graduate text presents the elegant and profound theory of continuous parameter Markov processes and many of its applications. The authors focus on developing context and intuition before formalizing the theory of each topic, illustrated with examples.After a review of some background material, the reader is introduced to semigroup theory, including the Hille–Yosida Theorem, used to construct continuous parameter Markov processes. Illustrated with examples, it is a cornerstone of Feller’s seminal theory of the most general one-dimensional diffusions studied in a later chapter. This is followed by two chapters with probabilistic constructions of jump Markov processes, and processes with independent increments, or Lévy processes. The greater part of the book is devoted to Itô’s fascinating theory of stochastic differential equations, and to the study of asymptotic properties of diffusions in all dimensions, such as explosion, transience, recurrence, existence of steady states, and the speed of convergence to equilibrium. A broadly applicable functional central limit theorem for ergodic Markov processes is presented with important examples. Intimate connections between diffusions and linear second order elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations are laid out in two chapters, and are used for computational purposes. Among Special Topics chapters, two study anomalous diffusions: one on skew Brownian motion, and the other on an intriguing multi-phase homogenization of solute transport in porous media.Table of Contents1. A review of Martingaels, stopping times and the Markov property.- 2. Semigroup theory and Markov processes.-3. Regularity of Markov process sample paths.- 4. Continuous parameter jump Markov processes.- 5. Processes with independent increments.- 6. The stochastic integral.- 7. Construction of difficusions as solutions of stochastic differential equations.- 8. Itô's Lemma.- 9. Cameron-Martin-Girsanov theorem.- 10. Support of nonsingular diffusions.- 11. Transience and recurrence of multidimensional diffusions.- 12. Criteria for explosion.- 13. Absorption, reflection and other transformations of Markov processes.- 14. The speed of convergence to equilibrium of discrete parameter Markov processes and Diffusions.- 15. Probabilistic representation of solutions to certain PDEs.- 16. Probabilistic solution of the classical Dirichlet problem.- 17. The functional Central Limit Theorem for ergodic Markov processes.- 18. Asymptotic stability for singular diffusions.- 19. Stochastic integrals with L2-Martingales.- 20. Local time for Brownian motion.- 21. Construction of one dimensional diffusions by Semigroups.- 22. Eigenfunction expansions of transition probabilities for one-dimensional diffusions.- 23. Special Topic: The Martingale Problem.- 24. Special topic: multiphase homogenization for transport in periodic media.- 25. Special topic: skew random walk and skew Brownian motion.- 26. Special topic: piecewise deterministic Markov processes in population biology.- A. The Hille-Yosida theorem and closed graph theorem.- References.- Related textbooks and monographs.

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Book SynopsisThis volume collects papers based on plenary and invited talks given at the 50th Barrett Memorial Lectures on Approximation, Applications, and Analysis of Nonlocal, Nonlinear Models that was organized by the University of Tennessee, Knoxville and held virtually in May 2021. The three-day meeting brought together experts from the computational, scientific, engineering, and mathematical communities who work with nonlocal models. These proceedings collect contributions and give a survey of the state of the art in computational practices, mathematical analysis, applications of nonlocal models, and explorations of new application domains. The volume benefits from the mixture of contributions by computational scientists, mathematicians, and application specialists. The content is suitable for graduate students as well as specialists working with nonlocal models and covers topics on fractional PDEs, regularity theory for kinetic equations, approximation theory for fractional diffusion, analysis of nonlocal diffusion model as a bridge between local and fractional PDEs, and more.Table of ContentsCTRW approximations for fractional equations with variable order (Kolokoltsov).- Fractional Elliptic Problems on Lipschitz Domains: Regularity and Approximation (Borthagaray).- Regularity estimates and open problems in kinetic equations (Silvestre).- An optimization-based strategy for peridynamic-FEM coupling and for the prescription of nonlocal boundary conditions (Littlewood).- Nonlocal diffusion models with consistent local and fractional limits (Du).- A one-dimensional symmetric force-based blending method for atomistic-to-continuum coupling (Li).- A note on estimates of level sets and their role in demonstrating regularity of solutions to nonlocal double phase equations (Mengesha).- An overview of Almost Minimizers of Bernoulli-Type Functionals (Garcia).

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Book SynopsisThis book covers problems involving a variety of fractional differential equations, as well as some involving the generalized Hilfer fractional derivative, which unifies the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives. The authors highlight the existence, uniqueness, and stability results for various classes of fractional differential equations based on the most recent research in the area. The book discusses the classic and novel fixed point theorems related to the measure of noncompactness in Banach spaces and explains how to utilize them as tools. The authors build each chapter upon the previous one, helping readers to develop their understanding of the topic. The book includes illustrated results, analysis, and suggestions for further study.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Preliminary Background.- Hybrid Fractional Differential Equations.- Fractional Differential Equations with Retardation and Anticipation.- Impulsive Fractional Differential Equations with Retardation and Anticipation.- Coupled Systems for Fractional Differential Equations.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- The Equations of Maxwell.- Laplace's Equation.- Fourier Series, Bessel Functions, and Mathematical Physics.- The Fourier Transform, Heat Conduction, and the Wave Equation.- The ThreeDimensional Wave Equation.- An Introduction to Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations.- Raman Scattering and Numerical Methods.- ReactionDiffusion Equations.- The HartmanGrobman Theorem.

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Book SynopsisThis book, originating from a seminar held at Oberwolfach in 2022, introduces to state-of-the-art methods and results in the study of free boundary problems which are arising from compressible as well as from incompressible Euler's equations in general.

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Book Synopsis- 1. Preliminaries.- 2. Eigenvalue Problem and Integro-Differential Inequalities.- 3. Best Possible Estimates of Solutions to the Interface Problem for Linear Elliptic DivergenceSecond Order Equations in a Conical Domain.- 4. Interface Problem for the Laplace Operator with N Different Media.- 5. Interface Problem for Weak Quasi-Linear Elliptic Equations in a Conical Domain.- 6. Interface Problem for Strong Quasi-Linear Elliptic Equations in a Conical Domain.- 7. Best Possible Estimates of Solutions to the Interface Problem for a Quasi-Linear Elliptic Divergence Second Order Equation in a Domain with a Boundary Edge.- 8. Interface Oblique Derivative Problem for Perturbed p(x)-Laplacian Equation in a Bounded n- Dimensional Cone.- 9. Existence of Bounded Weak Solutions.

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Book SynopsisPreface.- Review of Mechanics of Materials.- Cartesian Tensors.- Kinematics.- Nonlinear Theory for Large Deformation.- Linear Theory for Small Deformation.- Saint-Venant’s Problem.- Some Simple Problems.- Antiplane Problems.- Plane Strain and Plane Stress.- Waves and Vibrations.- Appendices.

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Book SynopsisWhat is an ordinary differential equation?.- First-order differential equations.- Existence and uniqueness theorems.- Linear equations of higher order.- Systems of differential equations.- The qualitative theory and the phase plane.- Solution of differential equations by power series.- The Laplace transform.- Appendix: The orbits of the planets.- Appendix: Historical notes.

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Book Synopsis- The Fractional-Order Selkov-Schnakenberg Reaction-Diffusion model: Stability and Numerical simulations (Iqbal H. Jebril, Issam Bendib, Adel Ouannas, Salah Boulaaras, Iqbal M. Batiha and Shaher Momani).- Finite-Time Stability Analysis of Reaction-Diffusion Systems with Fractional-Order Dynamics: A Study Using the Selkov-Schnakenberg Model (Issam Bendib, Adel Ouannas, Shaher Momani and Chaouki Aouiti).- Global Stability Analysis of Fractional Selkov-Schnakenberg Reaction-Diffusion Systems (Iqbal H. Jebril, Issam Bendib, Adel Ouannas, Salah Boulaaras, Iqbal M. Batiha and Shaher Momani).- Dynamics in Finite-Time of the Fractional-Order FitzHugh-Nagumo model: stability, synchronization, and simulations (Issam Bendib, Adel Ouannas, Mohammed Al Horani and Mohamed Dalah).- On Fractional Variable-Order Neural Networks under Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo Derivative (Ma’mon Abu Hammad, Amel Hioual, Adel Ouannas, Shaher Momani and Zohir Dibi).- Blow up solutions for a variant of the Cahn-Hilliard equation describing growth of cancerous cells (Hussein Fakih, Salam Abou Baraki, Ragheb Mghames and Yahia Awad).- A New Fractional Discrete Memristive Map with Incommensurate Order and Hidden Dynamics (Imane Zouak, Adel Ouannas and Amina-Aicha Khennaoui).- Qualitative Analysis and Hopf bifurcation for a fractional order ratio-dependent prey-predator model (Canan Celik and Kübra Degerli).- Hidden Chaos in new Fractional Sigmoidal-Based Quadratic Memristive Map (Louiza Diabi and Adel Ouannas).- Stability Investigation of Nonlinear Fractional Difference Equations with Incommensurate Orders (Noureddine Djenina, Adel Ouannas, Shaher Momani and Giuseppe Grassi).- Resolvent operator approach for solving some fractional abstract Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations with deviated argument (Fatiha Boutaous).- Sequential Bayesian A-Optimal Sampling Locations for Fractional Partial Differential Equations (Ryad Ghanam and Edward L. Boone).- On the Solutions of Two-Point Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations with Multiple Fractional Boundary Conditions (Yahia Awad, Hussein Fakih, Karim Amin and Ragheb Mghames).- Some new Chebyshev and Grüss-type fractional inequalities obtained by a generalized fractional integral operator (Mustafa Gürbüz and Çagri Asak).- Regularity of Solutions for a Class of Neutral Fractional Stochastic Differential Equations (Jihen Sallay).- The Lindley q-Distribution: Development, Properties, and Statistical Applications (Bouzida Imed and Zitouni Mouna).

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Book SynopsisChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Quasi-interpolation.- Chapter 3. Approximation of integral operators.- Chapter 4. Some other cubature problems.- Chapter 5. Approximate solution of non-stationary problems.- Chapter 6. Integral operators over hyper-rectangular domains.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction.- Exact and approximate solutions.- Solidification of a thin liquid layer.- Variable property Stefan problem.- Variable interface conditions.- Non-Fourier Stefan problems.- Hints to Exercises.- Index.

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Book SynopsisModeling, in particular with partial differential equations, plays an ever growing role in the applied sciences. Hence its mathematical understanding is an important issue for today's research. This book provides an introduction to three different topics in partial differential equations arising from applications. The subject of the first course by Michel Chipot (Zurich) is equilibrium positions of several disks rolling on a wire. In particular, existence and uniqueness of and the exact position for an equilibrium are discussed. The second course by Josselin Garnier (Toulouse) deals with problems arising from acoustics and geophysics where waves propagate in complicated media, the properties of which can only be described statistically. It turns out that if the different scales presented in the problem can be separated, there exists a deterministic result. The third course by Otared Kavian (Versailles St.-Quentin) is devoted to so-called inverse problems where one or several parameters of a partial differential equation need to be determined by using, for instance, measurements on the boundary of the domain. The question that arises naturally is what information is necessary to determine the unknown parameters. This question is answered in different settings. The text is addressed to students and researchers with a basic background in partial differential equations.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook provides a self-contained and elementary introduction to the modern theory of pseudodifferential operators and their applications to partial differential equations. In the first chapters, the necessary material on Fourier transformation and distribution theory is presented. Subsequently the basic calculus of pseudodifferential operators on the n-dimensional Euclidean space is developed. In order to present the deep results on regularity questions for partial differential equations, an introduction to the theory of singular integral operators is given - which is of interest for its own. Moreover, to get a wide range of applications, one chapter is devoted to the modern theory of Besov and Bessel potential spaces. In order to demonstrate some fundamental approaches and the power of the theory, several applications to wellposedness and regularity question for elliptic and parabolic equations are presented throughout the book. The basic notation of functional analysis needed in the book is introduced and summarized in the appendix. The text is comprehensible for students of mathematics and physics with a basic education in analysis.

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Book SynopsisThis book draws a colorful and widespread picture of global affine hypersurface theory up to the most recent state. Moreover, the recent development revealed that affine differential geometry – as differential geometry in general – has an exciting intersection area with other fields of interest, like partial differential equations, global analysis, convex geometry and Riemann surfaces. The second edition of this monograph leads the reader from introductory concepts to recent research. Since the publication of the first edition in 1993 there appeared important new contributions, like the solutions of two different affine Bernstein conjectures, due to Chern and Calabi, respectively. Moreover, a large subclass of hyperbolic affine spheres were classified in recent years, namely the locally strongly convex Blaschke hypersurfaces that have parallel cubic form with respect to the Levi-Civita connection of the Blaschke metric. The authors of this book present such results and new methods of proof.

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Book SynopsisThis book is a concise introduction to the stochastic calculus of variations for processes with jumps. The author provides many results on this topic in a self-contained way for e.g., stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with jumps. The book also contains some applications of the stochastic calculus for processes with jumps to the control theory, mathematical finance and so. This third and entirely revised edition of the work is updated to reflect the latest developments in the theory and some applications with graphics.

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Book SynopsisThis textbook presents problems and exercises at various levels of difficulty in the following areas: Classical Methods in PDEs (diffusion, waves, transport, potential equations); Basic Functional Analysis and Distribution Theory; Variational Formulation of Elliptic Problems; and Weak Formulation for Parabolic Problems and for the Wave Equation. Thanks to the broad variety of exercises with complete solutions, it can be used in all basic and advanced PDE courses.Trade Review“The material, at an advanced undergraduate or first year graduate level, presents a very interesting mix of physical applications and abstract theory supporting rigorous existence and regularity results of PDEs. … Each chapter begins with a short formal summary of the basic concepts, which is followed by several dozen of problems covering all aspects of the materials in the corresponding chapters of the book.” (Peter Bernard Weichman, Mathematical Reviews, July, 2016)“Provides an excellent overview of the field and is highly recommended for modern PDEs courses designed for advanced students. … Each chapter first reviews the main theoretical concepts and tools and then provides solved problems and exercises. A broad range of problems and exercises at various levels of difficulty, as well as the extensive reference list, makes this book a valuable resource for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate researchers … . Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, researchers/faculty.” (C. Park, Choice, Vol. 53 (9), May, 2016)“The authors’ aim is to give a systematic treatment of some of the classical methods in partial differential equations. … the book is a very useful contribution to the growing literature on this circle of ideas. I wholeheartedly recommend this book both as a textbook, as well as for independent study.” (Vicenţiu D. Rădulescu, zbMATH 1330.35003, 2016)Table of Contents1 Diffusion.- 2 The Laplace equation.- 3 First order equations.- 4 Waves.- 5 Functional analysis.- 6 Variational formulations.- 7 Appendix A Sturm-Liouville, Legendre and Bessel equations.- 8 Appendix B Identities.

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Book SynopsisFrom the Preface: Srinivasa Varadhan began his research career at the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Calcutta, where he started as a graduate student in 1959. His first paper appeared in Sankhyá, the Indian Journal of Statistics in 1962. Together with his fellow students V. S. Varadarajan, R. Ranga Rao and K. R. Parthasarathy, Varadhan began the study of probability on topological groups and on Hilbert spaces, and quickly gained an international reputation. At this time Varadhan realised that there are strong connections between Markov processes and differential equations, and in 1963 he came to the Courant Institute in New York, where he has stayed ever since. Here he began working with the probabilists Monroe Donsker and Marc Kac, and a graduate student named Daniel Stroock. He wrote a series of papers on the Martingale Problem and Diffusions together with Stroock, and another series of papers on Large Deviations together with Donsker. With this work Varadhan's reputation as one of the leading mathematicians of the time was firmly established. Since then he has contributed to several other areas of probability, analysis and physics, and collaborated with numerous distinguished mathematicians. Varadhan was awarded the Abel Prize in 2007. These Collected Works contain all his research papers over the half-century spanning 1962 to early 2012. Volume I includes the introductory material, the papers on limit theorems and review articles.Table of ContentsAutobiography: S. R. S. Varadhan.- Introduction: S. R. S. Varadhan.- Prize Citations.- Diffusion Theory by Daniel W. Stroock. - Large Deviations by Daniel W. Stroock.- Large Deviation and Homogenization by Fraydoun Rezakhanlou.- Varadhan's Work on Hydrodynamical Limits by Jeremy Quastel and Horng-Tzer Yau.- Book Review: Multidimensional Diffusion Processes by D. W. Stroock and S. R. S. Varadhan.- Limit Theorems: Limit theorems for sums of independent random variables with values in a Hilbert space.- On the category of indecomposable distributions on topological groups.- Probability distributions on locally compact abelian groups.- Extension of stationary stochastic processes.- Limit theorems in probability.- A limit theorem with strong mixing in Banach space and two applications to stochastic differential equations.- Limit theorems for random walks on Lie groups.- Martingale approach to some limit theorems.- Central limit theorem for additive functionals of reversible Markov processes and applications to simple exclusions.- Bounding functions of Markov processes and the shortest queue problem.- Finite approximations to quantum systems.- Self-diffusion of a tagged particle in equilibrium for asymmetric mean zero random walk with simple exclusion.- Diffusive limit of a tagged particle in asymmetric simple exclusion processes.- A martingale proof of Dobrushin's theorem for non-homogeneous Markov chains.- Review Articles.- Diffusion processes, Stochastic processes: theory and methods.- Stochastic analysis and applications.- Large deviations and entropy, Entropy.- The role of weak convergence in probability theory.

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Book Synopsis Dieses vierfarbige Lehrbuch wendet sich an Studierende der Mathematik in Bachelor-Studiengängen. Es bietet in einem Band ein lebendiges Bild der mathematischen Inhalte, die üblicherweise im zweiten und dritten Studienjahr behandelt werden (mit Ausnahme der Algebra).Mathematik-Studierende finden wichtige Begriffe, Sätze und Beweise ausführlich und mit vielen Beispielen erklärt und werden an grundlegende Konzepte und Methoden herangeführt.Im Mittelpunkt stehen das Verständnis der mathematischen Zusammenhänge und des Aufbaus der Theorie sowie die Strukturen und Ideen wichtiger Sätze und Beweise. Es wird nicht nur ein in sich geschlossenes Theoriengebäude dargestellt, sondern auch verdeutlicht, wie es entsteht und wozu die Inhalte später benötigt werden.Herausragende Merkmale sind: durchgängig vierfarbiges Layout mit mehr als 350 Abbildungen prägnant formulierte Kerngedanken bilden die Abschnittsüberschriften Selbsttests in kurzen Abständen ermöglichen Lernkontrollen während des Lesens farbige Merkkästen heben das Wichtigste hervor „Unter-der-Lupe“-Boxen zoomen in Beweise hinein, motivieren und erklären Details „Hintergrund-und-Ausblick“-Boxen stellen Zusammenhänge zu anderen Gebieten und weiterführenden Themen her Zusammenfassungen zu jedem Kapitel sowie Übersichtsboxen mehr als 500 Verständnisfragen, Rechenaufgaben und Aufgaben zu Beweisen Der inhaltliche Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem weiteren Ausbau der Analysis sowie auf den Themen der Vorlesungen Numerik sowie Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Statistik. Behandelt werden darüber hinaus Inhalte und Methodenkompetenzen, die vielerorts im zweiten und dritten Studienjahr der Mathematikausbildung vermittelt werden.Auf der Website zum Buch Matheweb finden Sie Hinweise, Lösungswege und Ergebnisse zu allen Aufgaben die Möglichkeit, zu den Kapiteln Fragen zu stellen Das Buch wird allen Studierenden der Mathematik ein verlässlicher Begleiter sein.Trade Review“ ... Ausführliche Erklärungen und über 400 Abbildungen verdeutlichen abstrakte Sachverhalte, kompakte Übersichten liefern zentrale Ergebnisse, Kontrollfragen ermöglichen eine fortlaufende Verständniskontrolle und Übungsaufgaben dienen der eingehenden Beschäftigung mit dem Stoff ... Der Zielgruppe als Lehrbuch und Nachschlagewerk auch neben der Studienliteratur zu den einzelnen Teilgebieten sehr dienlich.” (Philipp Kastendieck, in: ekz-Informationsdienst, Jg. 11, 2016)“... für den Autodidakt kann dieses Lehrbuch empfohlen werden, da eine Vielfalt an Beispielen , Übungsaufgaben und entsprechenden Abfragen den Einstieg im nicht immer leichten Lehrstoff erleichtert. ... kann dieses Lehrbuch für das Mathematikstudium empfohlen werden. Es beinhaltet die Grundlagen des Mathematikstudiums und hat den Vorteil ...” (La, in: Amazon.de, 10. November 2015)Table of Contents1 Mathematik – eine Wissenschaft für sich.- 2 Lineare Differenzialgleichungen – Systeme und Gleichungen höherer Ordnung.- 3 Randwertprobleme und nichtlineare Differenzialgleichungen – Funktionen sind gesucht.- 4 Qualitative Theorie – jenseits von analytischen und mehr als numerische Lösungen.- 5 Funktionentheorie – Analysis im Komplexen.- 6 Differenzialformen und der allgemeine Satz von Stokes.- 7 Grundzüge der Maß- und Integrationstheorie vom Messen und Mitteln.- 8 Lineare Funktionalanalysis – Operatoren statt Matrizen.- 9 Fredholm-Gleichungen – kompakte Störungen der Identität.- 10 Hilberträume – fast wie im Anschauungsraum.- 11 Warum Numerische Mathematik? – Modellierung, Simulation und Optimierung.- 12 Interpolation – Splines und mehr.- 13 Quadratur – numerische Integrationsmethoden.- 14 Numerik linearer Gleichungssysteme – Millionen von Variablen im Griff.- 15 Eigenwertprobleme – Einschließen und Approximieren.- 16 Lineare Ausgleichsprobleme – im Mittel das Beste.- 17 Nichtlineare Gleichungen und Systeme – numerisch gelöst.- 18 Numerik gewöhnlicher Differenzialgleichungen – Schritt für Schritt zur Trajektorie.- 19 Wahrscheinlichkeitsräume – Modelle für stochastische Vorgänge.- 20 Bedingte Wahrscheinlichkeit und Unabhängigkeit – Meister Zufall hängt (oft) ab.- 21 Diskrete Verteilungsmodelle – wenn der Zufall zählt.- 22 Stetige Verteilungen und allgemeine Betrachtungen – jetzt wird es analytisch.- 23 Konvergenzbegriffe und Grenzwertsätze – Stochastik für große Stichproben.- 24 Grundlagen der Mathematischen Statistik – vom Schätzen und Testen.

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Book SynopsisDieses essential bietet eine Einführung in die theoretischen Grundlagen und Anwendungen der verallgemeinerten Funktionen. Nach zwei typischen Anwendungen verallgemeinerter Funktionen wird die Theorie entwickelt, wobei zum besseren Verständnis nur die fundamentalen Ideen vorgestellt werden, sodass keine funktionalanalytischen Kenntnisse vorausgesetzt werden. Danach folgt eine systemtheoretische Untersuchung von LTI-Systemen unter Einbeziehung der Dirac-Distribution und die Modellierung gezupfter schwingender Saiten. Den Abschluss bildet die Modellierung technischer Rauschprozesse am Beispiel des kontinuierlichen weißen Rauschens.Table of ContentsSignalübertragung und schwingende Saite.- Darstellung von Funktionen durch Funktionale und Distributionen.- LTI-Systeme, schwache Lösungen und Rauschprozesse.

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Book SynopsisDieses Open-Access-Buch behandelt für eine breite Klasse zweidimensionaler Variationsprobleme eine Existenz- und Regularitätstheorie, die der Lösung von Randwertproblemen partieller Differentialgleichungssysteme dient. Dabei werden bekannte Ergebnisse gründlich untersucht und umfassend aufgearbeitet. Teilweise wird eine geeignete Anpassung der Voraussetzungen einiger Resultate vorgenommen. Speziell wird die Theorie auf das Plateausche Problem für Flächen vorgeschriebener mittlerer Krümmung im ℝ³ angewendet.Diese Veröffentlichung wurde aus Mitteln des Publikationsfonds für Open-Access-Monografien des Landes Brandenburg gefördert./This publication was supported by funds from the Publication Fund for Open Access Monographs of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Grundlagen.- Direkte Methoden der Variationsrechnung.- Regularitätstheorie zur Stetigkeit von Minimierern.- Höhere Regularität von Minimierern im Inneren.- Minimierer vom Poissonschen Typ.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces a new geometric vision of continued fractions. It covers several applications to questions related to such areas as Diophantine approximation, algebraic number theory, and toric geometry. The second edition now includes a geometric approach to Gauss Reduction Theory, classification of integer regular polygons and some further new subjects.Traditionally a subject of number theory, continued fractions appear in dynamical systems, algebraic geometry, topology, and even celestial mechanics. The rise of computational geometry has resulted in renewed interest in multidimensional generalizations of continued fractions. Numerous classical theorems have been extended to the multidimensional case, casting light on phenomena in diverse areas of mathematics.The reader will find an overview of current progress in the geometric theory of multidimensional continued fractions accompanied by currently open problems. Whenever possible, we illustrate geometric constructions with figures and examples. Each chapter has exercises useful for undergraduate or graduate courses.Trade Review“There are a modest number of exercises at the end of each chapter; most of these are to work out specific numerical examples. I view this as a monograph on a very specialized subject rather than a textbook.” (Allen Stenger, MAA Reviews, October 30, 2022)Table of ContentsPart 1. Regular continued fractions: Chapter 1. Classical notions and definitions.- Chapter 2. On integer geometry.- Chapter 3. Geometry of regular continued fractions.- Chapter 4. Complete invariant of integer angles.- Chapter 5. Integer trigonometry for integer angles.- Chapter 6. Integer angles of integer triangles.- Chapter 7. Quadratic forms and Makov spectrum..- Chapter 8. Geometric continued fractions.- Chapter 9. Continuant representation of GL(2,Z) Matrices.- Chapter 10. Semigroup of Reduced Matrices.- Chapter 11. Elements of Gauss reduction theory.- Chapter 12. Lagrange’s theorem.- Gauss-Kuzmin statistics.- Chapter 14. Geometric aspects of approximation.- Chapter 15. Geometry of continued fractions with real elements and Kepler’s second law.- Chapter 16. Extended integer angles and their summation.- Chapter 17. Integer angles of polygons and global relations for toric singularities.- Part II. Multidimensional continued fractions.- Chapter 18. Basic notations and definitions of multidimensional integer geometry.- Chapter 19. On empty simplices, pyramids, parallelepipeds.- Chapter 20. Multidimensional continued fractions in the sense of Klein.- Chapter 21. Dirichlet groups and lattice reduction.- Chapter 22. Periodicity of Klein polyhedral. Generalization of Lagrange’s Theorem.- Chapter 23. Multidimensional Gauss-Kuzmin Statistics.- Chapter 24. On the construction of multidimensional continued fractions.- Chapter 25. Gauss reduction in higher dimensions. Chapter 26. Approximation of maximal commutative subgroups.- Capter 27. Other generalizations of continued fractions. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisDas Buch vermittelt Lösungsverfahren für partielle Riccati-Differenzialgleichungen (DGL). Diese DGL appliziert man zur mathematischen Beschreibung der Funktion von Faraday-Effekt-Stromsensoren. Ausgehend vom allgemeinen Lösungsverhalten erfolgt die Definition des individuellen sowie kollektiven Lösungsverhaltens einer beliebigen Gleichung. Reiner Thiele erklärt den Unterschied zwischen Individual- und Partiallösungen. Außerdem kreiert er Simulationsdiagramme und zeigt, dass es sich bei der Hardware um Regelkreise handelt. Table of ContentsEinleitung.- 2 Partielle Typ1-Riccati-DGL.- 3 Partielle Typ2-Riccati-DGL.- 4 Zusammenfassung.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents models written as partial differential equations and originating from various questions in population biology, such as physiologically structured equations, adaptive dynamics, and bacterial movement. Its purpose is to derive appropriate mathematical tools and qualitative properties of the solutions. The book further contains many original PDE problems originating in biosciences.Table of ContentsFrom differential equations to structured population dynamics.- Adaptive dynamics; an asymptotic point of view.- Population balance equations: the renewal equation.- Population balance equations: size structure.- Cell motion and chemotaxis.- General mathematical tools.

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Book Synopsis"Numerik", in zwei Bänden, ist eine Einführung in die Numerische Mathematik anhand von Differenzialgleichungsproblemen. Gegliedert nach elliptischen, parabolischen und hyperbolischen Differenzialgleichungen, erläutert sie zunächst jeweils die Diskretisierung solcher Probleme. Als Diskretisierungstechniken stehen Finite-Elemente-Methoden im Raum und (partitionierte) Runge-Kutta-Methoden in der Zeit im Vordergrund. Die diskretisierten Gleichungen motivieren die Diskussion von Methoden für endlichdimensionale (nicht)lineare Gleichungen, die anschließend als eigenständige Themen behandelt werden. Ein in sich geschlossenes Bild.Table of Contents1 Einleitung.- 2 Ein erstes Beispiel einer Variationsformulierung.- 3 Der Satz von Lax-Milgram.- 4 Die Galerkin-Methode.- 4.1 Ein Beispiel einer Finite-Elemente-Methode.- 4.2 Der Diskretisierungsfehler.- 5 Lineare Gleichungssysteme.- 5.1 Kondition des Problems.- 5.2 Konditionszahl der Steifigkeitsmatrix.- 6 Das Gaußsche Eliminationsverfahren.- 6.1 Der Algorithmus.- 6.2 Numerische Stabilität des Algorithmus.- 7 Erweiterung auf lineare mehrdimensionale Randwertprobleme.- 8 Iterative Verfahren für lineare Gleichungssysteme.- 8.1 Das Richardson-Verfahren.- 8.2 Das Gradientenverfahren.- 8.3 Das Verfahren der konjugierten Gradienten.- 8.4 Präkonditionierung.- 9 Erweiterung auf nichtlineare Randwertprobleme.- 10 Das Newton-Verfahren.

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Book Synopsis1. Funktionalanalytische Grundlagen.- 2. Gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen.- 3. Bifurkation bei gewöhnlichen DGL.- 4. Analytische Bifurkationstheorie.- 5. Numerik der Gleichgewichtslösungen.- 6. Numerik periodischer Lösungen.- 7. Quasi-periodische Lösungen und invariante Tori.- Literaturverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisThis book contains lecture notes of a series of courses on the regularity theory of partial differential equations and variational problems, held in Pisa and Parma in the years 2009 and 2010. The contributors, Nicola Fusco, Tristan Rivière and Reiner Schätzle, provide three updated and extensive introductions to various aspects of modern Regularity Theory concerning: mathematical modelling of thin films and related free discontinuity problems, analysis of conformally invariant variational problems via conservation laws, and the analysis of the Willmore functional. Each contribution begins with a very comprehensive introduction, and is aimed to take the reader from the introductory aspects of the subject to the most recent developments of the theory.Table of ContentsErnst Kuwert and Reiner Schätzle, The Willmore functional.- Tristan Rivière, The Role of Conservation Laws in the Analysis of Conformally Invariant Problems.- B. De Maria and N. Fusco, Equilibrium configurations of epitaxially strained elastic films.

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Book SynopsisThis book is the outcome of a conference held at the Centro De Giorgi of the Scuola Normale of Pisa in September 2012. The aim of the conference was to discuss recent results on nonlinear partial differential equations, and more specifically geometric evolutions and reaction-diffusion equations. Particular attention was paid to self-similar solutions, such as solitons and travelling waves, asymptotic behaviour, formation of singularities and qualitative properties of solutions. These problems arise in many models from Physics, Biology, Image Processing and Applied Mathematics in general, and have attracted a lot of attention in recent years.Table of ContentsN. Alikakos: On the structure of phase transition maps for three or more coexisting phases.- S. Amato, G. Bellettini, M. Paolini: The nonlinear multidomain model: a new formal asymptotic analysis.- A. Chambolle, M. Goldman, M. Novaga: Existence and qualitative properties of isoperimetric sets in periodic media.- A. Chambolle, M. Morini, M. Ponsiglione: Minimizing movements and level set approach to geometric flow of nonlocal perimeters.- S. Choi, I. Kim: Homogenization with oscillatory Neumann boundary data in general domain.- D. Christodoulou: The Analysis of Shock Formation in 3-Dimensional Fluids.- L. Dupaigne, A. Farina, B. Sirakov: Regularity of the extremal solutions for the Liouville system.- M.-H. Giga, Y. Giga, A. Nakayasu: On general existence results for one-dimensional singular diffusion equations with spatially inhomogeneous driving force.- Y. Giga, G. Pisante: On representation of boundary integrals involving the mean curvature for mean-convex domains.- A. Lemenant, Y. Sire: Elliptic problem in nonsmooth domain, Reifenberg-flat domains, Regularity.- A. Pisante: Maximally localized wannier functions: existence and exponential localization.- A. Stancu: Flows by powers of centro-affine curvature.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a series of lectures on three of the best known examples of free discontinuity problems: the Mumford-Shah model for image segmentation, a variational model for the epitaxial growth of thin films, and the sharp interface limit of the Ohta-Kawasaki model for pattern formation in dyblock copolymers.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Fine regularity results for Mumford-Shah minimizers: porosity, higher integrability and the Mumford-Shah conjecture.- Variational models for epitaxial growth.- Local and global minimality results for an isoperimetric problem with long-range interactions.

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Book SynopsisThe first part of the book is devoted to the transport equation for a given vector field, exploiting the lagrangian structure of solutions. It also treats the regularity of solutions of some degenerate elliptic equations, which appear in the eulerian counterpart of some transport models with congestion. The second part of the book deals with the lagrangian structure of solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson system, which describes the evolution of a system of particles under the self-induced gravitational/electrostatic field, and the existence of solutions of the semigeostrophic system, used in meteorology to describe the motion of large-scale oceanic/atmospheric flows.​Table of ContentsAn overview on flows of vector fields and on optimal transport.- Maximal regular flows for non-smooth vector fields.- Main properties of maximal regular flows and analysis of blow-up.- Lagrangian structure of transport equations.- The continuity equation with an integrable damping term.- Regularity results for very degenerate elliptic equations.- An excess-decay result for a class of degenerate elliptic equations.- The Vlasov-Poisson system.- The semigeostrophic system.

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Book SynopsisInfinite interval problems abound in nature and yet until now there has been no book dealing with such problems. The main reason for this seems to be that until the 1970's for the infinite interval problem all the theoretical results available required rather technical hypotheses and were applicable only to narrowly defined classes of problems. Thus scientists mainly offer~d and used special devices to construct the numerical solution assuming tacitly the existence of a solution. In recent years a mixture of classical analysis and modern fixed point theory has been employed to study the existence of solutions to infinite interval problems. This has resulted in widely applicable results. This monograph is a cumulation mainly of the authors' research over a period of more than ten years and offers easily verifiable existence criteria for differential, difference and integral equations over the infinite interval. An important feature of this monograph is that we illustrate almost all the results with examples. The plan of this monograph is as follows. In Chapter 1 we present the existence theory for second order boundary value problems on infinite intervals. We begin with several examples which model real world phenom­ ena. A brief history of the infinite interval problem is also included. We then present general existence results for several different types of boundary value problems. Here we note that for the infinite interval problem only two major approaches are available in the literature.Trade Review'the monograph is well written and will be of interest for mathematicians and graduate students with research interest in applied mathematics.' Zentral Blatt Mathematik, 988 (2002)Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Second Order Boundary Value Problems. 2. Higher Order Boundary Value Problems. 3. Continuous Systems. 4. Integral Equations. 5. Discrete Systems. 6. Equations in Banach Spaces. 7. Multivalued Equations. 8. Equations on Time Scales. Subject Index.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1 Initial Trace of Positive Solutions of Some Diffusion Equations with Absorption.- Chapter 2 Graph Gradient Glows: from Discrete to Continuum.

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