Development studies Books

Book SynopsisEntrepreneurs and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) have become the darlings of neoliberal development thinking, with the received wisdom being that such enterprises hold the key to the economic transformation of low-income countries. This thinking has profoundly influenced development policy in Rwanda, but has singularly failed to deliver the much anticipated emergence of a new class of entrepreneurs and a vibrant SME sector. This book deconstructs the myths around entrepreneurship and SMEs, and reveals how neoliberal approaches towards microcredit and related programmes have failed to address the economic challenges facing countries like Rwanda. Drawing on his study of successful and aspiring entrepreneurs, Poole identifies the factors associated with successful entrepreneurship. He uncovers the unintended consequences of the entrepreneurship and SME development prescription, and offers key policy insights which have implications for Rwanda and beyond.Trade ReviewAt last, the development industry's myth that entrepreneurs and enterprises can be generated with business plans and credit has been exploded, at least in the context of Rwanda. * Professor Malcolm Harper *David Poole's careful research in Rwanda blows fresh air into the stale atmosphere of conventional wisdom about entrepreneurship. This book should be required reading for aid officials and government officials and it will help them question the waste of resources poured into misguided credit schemes and training programmes in so many countries. * Christopher Cramer, Professor of the Political Economy of Development at SOAS, University of London *Table of ContentsList of Tables PART ONE Chapter 1 Terminology, Research Focus and Methodology Chapter 2 Theories of Entrepreneurship PART TWO Chapter 3 Rwanda: the Model Pupil? PART THREE Chapter 4 Successful Entrepreneurs, Finance and Planning Chapter 5 Successful Entrepreneurs and Psychological Traits PART FOUR Chapter 6 Searching for the Proto-entrepreneur Chapter 7 Aspiring Entrepreneurs’ Motives for Starting a Business PART FIVE Chapter 8 Resolving the Paradox References

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Book SynopsisAt a time when environmental and social stakes are at their highest – with rising crises and contradictions at the nexus of a building sense of environmental and social collapse – there are no easy solutions. Global Im-Possibilities explores just what can be done around the world to ameliorate this dynamic. Using a range of essays and a multitude of case studies, this book explores what new lessons can be learned from examining the challenges and impediments to achieving just sustainabilities on the levels of policy, planning, and practice, and considers how these challenges and impediments can be addressed by individuals and/or governments. Taking a nuanced approach to provide an intersectional analysis of a particular issue relating to the ideals for achieving sustainability, this book asserts that that it is only in recognizing such complexity that we can hope to achieve just sustainabilities.Trade ReviewGlobal Im-Possibilities is a collective scholarly endeavour in the best sense of the term. Area specialists provide convincing case studies ranging far and wide, beginning with the Mercedes Benz sports stadium in Atlanta and the impact of oil on indigenous communities in North Dakota. It follows through with a series of ‘unfinished stories’ documenting in impressive detail how the forces of neoliberalism time and again frustrate the quest for just sustainabilities in communities in Sri Lanka, Ghana, Bangladesh, Greece, Australia and more. The book is held together by a structure that explains these struggles by connecting environmental justice, environmental racism, and intersectionality, finding optimism in the prospect of many small victories. At a time when Sustainable Development is widely and mostly uncritically seen as the answer to all our problems, this book is a welcome and sometimes optimistic reality check. * Leslie Sklair, Emeritus Professor of Sociology, London School of Economics *Godfrey and Buchanan challenge sustainability advocates to grapple with the paradoxes, contradictions, and tensions of the sustainability interventions examined in this volume. The contributors bring together stories of just and unjust sustainabilities, featuring a breathtaking diversity of protagonists – from the African American communities subject to the injustices of environmental ornamentation perpetrated by the construction of Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, the members of the Baltimore activist group who call themselves The 1619 Coalition, the rickshaw pullers of Dhaka, and the lowland Indigenous communities, who experienced a collective sense of institutional betrayal under the Morales administration. This volume offers a treasure trove of insights and inspirations for those interested in the multiple pursuits of environmental and climate justice. * Prakash Kashwan, Associate Professor, University of Connecticut *Table of ContentsIntroduction -- Phoebe Godfrey, Mary Buchanan Part I: Promises & Deliveries 1. Destroy and rebuild: Considering harm, community benefits & environmental ornamentation in community development in Atlanta -- Dr. Lemir Teron, Ms. T’Shari White, Ms. Farah Nibbs, Ms. Farzaneh Khayat 2. The sovereignty paradox: Negotiating values amid tribal adaptation to shale oil extraction -- Jacqline Wolf Tice, David Casagrande 3. Activism or extractivism: Indigenous land struggles in eastern Bolivia -- Evan Shenkin Part II: Cities, Citizens & Systems 4. The bi-polar waterfront: Paradoxes of shoreline place-making in contemporary Accra and Colombo -- Rapti Siriwardane-de Zoysa, Epifania A. Amoo-Adare 5. Negotiations and contestations of just mobility: Rickshaws in Dhaka, Bangladesh -- Md Musleh Uddin Hasan 6. Paradoxes of just sustainabilities in urban water sociotechnical systems: Lessons from Athens, Greece -- Marcia Rosalie Hale Part III: Scales of Decision-Making & Action 7. Resistance to restricting? The politics of cars in Copenhagen -- Kevin T. Smiley 8. Popular consultations and extractivism in Colombia: From local to global actions against mining and climate change -- Aracely Burgos-Ayala, Emerson Harvey Cepeda-Rodríguez 9. Rescaling energy governance and the democratizing potential of ‘Community Choice’ -- Sean Kennedy, Ph.D. Part IV: Re-imagining the Possible 10. Organic (dis)organization and transformation: Stories of resistance and return at CERES Community Environment Park -- Natalie Osborne & Deanna Grant-Smith 11. Just sustainability on the range: Empowering decisions at the soil surface -- Andrea and Tony Malmberg 12. Welcome to Tubman House -- Anthony Bayani Rodriguez Conclusion: Global [Im]-Possibilities for Just Sustainabilities? -- Phoebe Godfrey, Mary Buchanan Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisThis book argues that road-building was naturalised in the twentieth century to the point of common sense, integrating roadbuilding into a system of climate change denial hidden within a broad international development imperative. But if we can 'read' South Asian roads as forms of governance and knowledge, we can challenge the region's established geopolitical narratives, and the idea of a never-ending future. Highways to the End of the World explores the political economy of these ideas by focusing on the history of this phenomenon, and on the road-builders of South Asia themselves. How do these flamboyant and controversial 'roadmen' think about their work and the future of the planet? What do roads do, and why? And how did they become central to the region's nationalist and developmental projects in the first place? Edward Simpson's fascinating ethnographic account takes us from fume-filled toll booths in the heart of India, via overworked government offices in Pakistan, to pharaonic bridges in the Indian Ocean. Simpson follows the money, explores the politics of evidence, and argues against the utopian hyperbole of present-day 'road talk', finding both humanitarian crises and freewheeling international capital in the hedgerows. Roads have never been so interesting, or so controversial.Trade Review‘The book’s on-the-ground reporting from out-of-the-way places across India and Pakistan is outstanding.’ -- International Affairs'In this wonderfully original book, Simpson literally takes us on the road. What we get is an illuminating study of mobile as well as stationary lives, shaped by infrastructure into new social patterns, no longer tied to traditional locales like towns or villages. An innovative exploration.' -- Faisal Devji, Professor of Indian History, University of Oxford'A must-read account of the roads and roadmen of South Asia, staging a profound encounter between the desire for development and the accumulated risks of climate change in the twenty-first century.' -- Awadhendra Sharan, Director, Centre for the Study of Developing Societies'A brilliant example of how to combine the politics and poetics of infrastructure. Simpson's detailed historical and ethnographic analysis of roads as politically challenging commodities confronts the uncomfortable complicities of roads in the devastating consequences of climate change.' -- Penelope Harvey, Professor of Social Anthropology, University of Manchester'In this important anthropological study, Simpson examines how roads and road-building have formed a key role in the cultural and political life and development imperatives of India and Pakistan. A fantastic book!' -- Peter Merriman, Professor of Geography, Aberystwyth University, and author of Driving Spaces

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Book SynopsisThe boom in South-South relations since the early 2000s has seen a flurry of investment in African infrastructure from emerging markets across the Global South. While the extent to which these projects spur growth is constantly debated, few studies have addressed their impact on ground-level political and socio-economic practices in Africa--or their consequences for transnational governance more broadly. Through the lens of infrastructure, this book investigates the developmental ideas, processes and techniques that have travelled to and emerged from Africa as a result of Global South-led projects. How have they been adapted, transformed and contested by local actors? How does this shape business-society relations? And how has this challenged the Western-dominated global order? The contributors zoom in on large-scale Chinese-, Brazilian- and Indian-funded ventures--dams, ports, roads and mines--across countries including Kenya, Mozambique and the DRC. These 'frontier zones', bringing together politicians and practitioners, campaign groups and communities from Africa and elsewhere, offer a unique insight into the global workings of our contemporary world. Taking a bottom-up approach, 'Africa's Global Infrastructures' explores the longer-term significance and implications of these pluralistic socio-economic interactions, for the continent and beyond.Trade Review'This superbly written book unpacks the multiple levels of global and local interactions in South-South relations like no other. It radically analyses Africa's place in ongoing changes, including the transnational processes, technologies, models and practices underpinning a new international relations.' -- Cyril Obi, Program Director for the African Peacebuilding Network, Social Science Research Council, and co-editor of 'The Rise of China and India in Africa''An excellent collection transcending the narrow reading of Southern powers' engagement in Africa's infrastructure via its impacts on the liberal international order. It provides innovative and empirically rich insights into the breadth of the trans-scalar entanglements that constitute South-South relations, foregrounding African agency.' -- Shahar Hameiri, Professor in the School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland, and co-author of 'Fractured China: How State Transformation Is Shaping China's Rise''"Africa's Global Infrastructures" is a most welcome and timely book, with a high level of expertise and critical insight into the current state of Africa. A significant contribution to African studies, political science, global studies, environmental social sciences, peace and development.' -- Ruy Blanes, Associate Professor, School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg'Rejecting sweeping generalisations and simple binaries of South-South cooperation, this book adopts a nuanced, empirically grounded approach to exploring Africa's multiple entanglements with external actors through the prism of infrastructure projects.' -- Karen Smith, Leiden University and the University of Cape Town, and co-editor of 'International Relations from the Global South'

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Book SynopsisThe dawn of the twenty-first century has been accompanied by an upsurge of anti-capitalist campaigning, challenging the very basis of the New World Economic order. Dramatic events such as the protests from Seattle to Genoa, have captured media headlines. But media headlines leave key questions unanswered, questions about the ultimate significance of the challenges posed by global social movements and the development of civil society, both South and North. This book sets out to explore the lessons from these experiences of social mobilisation. How can non-governmental organisations, community-based organisations and the labour and trade union movement develop effective campaigning alliances – without becoming institutionalised and incorporated themselves? How can they maintain an effective balance between winning immediate gains without losing sight of longer-term strategies for transformation? How can they work with celebrities to gain media attention -- without losing control of the message? And how can social movements develop organisational forms that are genuinely representative and democratically accountable, globally? These questions are explored through case studies of particular networks, movements and campaigns, to tackle the causes of social inequality and social injustice. It concludes by exploring lessons for building global challenges to neo-liberal agendas and developing more transformatory approaches.Trade Review'Marjorie Mayo has added another highly important contribution to her wide-ranging canon on the struggles for ordinary people's and communities' empowerment. This powerful book provides an analysis of how they can respond to globalisation - over key issues such as debt, gender rights, education and poverty - and examples of how they have done so.'Gary Craig, professor of social justice, Hull University, and president of the International Association for Community Development'In clear and accessible language, Mayo brilliantly outlines key theoretical debates about globalization, democracy and social movements, linking them to concrete case studies of citizen action. In so doing, she poses and explores critical contemporary issues of how to build sustainable challenges to global power through grassroots action. This book is a must for all of those seeking to understand how to build progressive movements for human rights and social justice in the twenty-first century.'John Gaventa, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex and co-editor Global Citizen Action'A gem ... chock-full of information for those who care deeply about issues of justice. ... offers good examples of social movements within larger contexts ...'Krishnamurthy Pushpanath, campaign executive, Oxfam GB, UK'Outlines key theoretical debates about globalization, democracy and social movements, and links these issues to concrete case studies of civil action.'Leisa MagazineTable of Contents Introduction 1. Challenging Globalization: Developing Alternative Strategies 2. Democratization and Marketization: The State, the Market and Civil Society 3. Social Movements: Competing Approaches 4. Social Movements Old and New: Alternatives or Allies? 5. Empowerment, Accountability, and Participation: Challenges for Local and Global Movements 6. People to People Exchanges: Sharing Local Experiences in a Global Context 7. Globalization and gender: New Threats, New Strategies 8. Rights to Public Services: The Global Campaign for Education 9. Learning from Jubilee 2000: Mobilizing for Debt Relief 10. Resisting Imperialism: Building Global Movements for Peace and Social Justice

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Book SynopsisCan developing countries trade their way out of poverty? International trade has grown dramatically in the last two decades in the global economy, and trade is an important source of revenue in developing countries. Yet, many low-income countries have been producing and exporting tropical commodities for a long time. They are still poor. This book is a major analytical contribution to understanding commodity production and trade, as well as putting forward policy-relevant suggestions for ‘solving’ the commodity problem. Through the study of the global value chain for coffee, the authors recast the ‘development problem’ for countries relying on commodity exports in entirely new ways. They do so by analysing the so-called coffee paradox – the coexistence of a ‘coffee boom’ in consuming countries and of a ‘coffee crisis’ in producing countries. New consumption patterns have emerged with the growing importance of specialty, fair trade and other ‘sustainable’ coffees. In consuming countries, coffee has become a fashionable drink and coffee bar chains have expanded rapidly. At the same time, international coffee prices have fallen dramatically and producers receive the lowest prices in decades. This book shows that the coffee paradox exists because what farmers sell and what consumers buy are becoming increasingly ‘different’ coffees. It is not material quality that contemporary coffee consumers pay for, but mostly symbolic quality and in-person services. As long as coffee farmers and their organizations do not control at least parts of this ‘immaterial’ production, they will keep receiving low prices. The Coffee Paradox seeks ways out from this situation by addressing some key questions: What kinds of quality attributes are combined in a coffee cup or coffee package? Who is producing these attributes? How can part of these attributes be produced by developing country farmers? To what extent are specialty and sustainable coffees achieving these objectives?Trade Review'An important contribution to the literature on primary products and economic development.' Diego Pizano, National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia 'Daviron and Ponte have done a masterful job both of showing the limits to 'free' trade in agricultural products as well as providing some concrete proposals as to what must be done to promote greater equity. The story of the global coffee trade is an essential lesson for all those concerned about international development. This volume should be read by anyone who is interested in how international trade takes place on the ground as opposed to abstract theorizing about it.' Lawrence Busch, director of the Institute for Food and Agricultural Standards, Michigan State University 'This book uses value chain analysis to go beyond the normal hand-wringing about the coffee crisis. The authors blend theory and practice (including new data) to provide all those interested in coffee with new insights, ideas and perspective.' Peter Baker, senior coffee scientist, CABI Commodities 'Ponte and Daviron bring fresh insights to the persistent difficulties of trade as a lever of development for poor nations. Their well-crafted and historically grounded arguments precisely characterize the important intangible attributes of value and market power that are often overlooked and offer some stimulating perspectives for anyone interested in development and in coffee.' Daniele Giovannucci, consultant and author of The State of Sustainable Coffee 'The Coffee Paradox offers a fascinating account of how our favourite morning cup of coffee travels from poor producer regions in the Global South to relatively affluent consumer regions in the Global North. Analyzing recent transformations in coffee quality specifications and global trade networks, Daviron and Ponte illuminate the challenges and opportunities inherent in tropical export production, global trade, and shifting consumption trends. The book is theoretically sophisticated, empirically grounded, and goes the extra mile to identify promising pathways for fuelling development.' Laura T. Raynolds, co-director of the Center for Fair and Alternative Trade Studies, Colorado State University 'Aimed at academics and researchers, the Coffee Paradox raises interesting questions, using the example of coffee to explore a complex, but important subject.' New Agriculturist '....is an intriguing study..is likely to make an important contribution to the research, debates and initiatives addressing the relationship between commodity trade and development, as well as to the future potential of more equitable North/South relations amidst the rapid changes in production, trade and consumption in the global economy.' Douglas L. Murray, Colorado State University 'Recasts the so-called coffee paradox - the coexistence of a 'coffee boom' in consuming countries and of a 'coffee crisis' in producing countries. While coffee bar chains have expanded rapidly in consuming countries international coffee prices have fallen dramatically and producers receive the lowest prices in decades.' Development Action, Nov/Dec 2005Table of Contents Preface 1. Commodity Trade, Development and Global Value Chains 2. What's in a Cup? Coffee from Bean to Brew 3. Who Calls the Shots? Regulation and Governance 4. Is this any Good? Material and Symbolic Production of Coffee Quality 5. For Whose Benefit? 'Sustainable' Coffee Initiatives 6. Value Chains or Values Changed? 7. A Way Forward

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Book SynopsisInternational Investment for Sustainable Development critically examines the interface between sustainability, development, and the governance of international investment. It challenges the conventional view that foreign direct investment is a 'miracle drug' for developing countries and exposes serious shortcomings in the current international investment regime. Composed of norms, agreements, treaties and regulations, the emerging investment regime expands the rights of transnational corporations (TNCs) without commensurate rewards for the common good. Drawing on both research and engaged advocacy, the contributors ultimately map out a new way forward, towards the creation and implementation of international investment rules that will promote global sustainability and equity.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Balancing Rights and Rewards in Investment Rules * Part 1: Links Between Foreign Direct Investment, Development and Sustainability * No Miracle Drug: Foreign Direct Investment and Sustainable Development * FDI and the Environment: What Empirical Evidence Does and Does Not Tell Us? * Governing Foreign Direct Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies and Practices Reconsidered * Sustainable Development and Foreign Direct Investment: The Emerging Paradigm in Asia * Part 2: The Governance of International Investment * All Roads Lead Out of Rome: Divergent Paths of Dispute * Settlement in Bilateral Investment Treaties * The Road to Hell? Investor Protections in NAFTA's * The Environment and the Principle of Non-discrimination in Investment Regimes: International and Domestic Institutions * Corporate Governance and Global Disclosure: Let the Sun Shine In * Bibliography, Index

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Book SynopsisThis text is divided into three parts. Part I focuses on the need for management to assess the challenges of water scarcity and plan changes based on proper valuation and financial instruments, international co-operation and efficient use. Part II analyses the problems of water scarcity and the available solutions in each main sector: water supply and sanitation, energy, health, agriculture, ecosystems and biodiversity. Part III assesses the state of the debate following the third World Water Forum and sets out the priorities for action, including increased investment, institutional reform and capacity building in the water sector. Downloadable resources with extensive case studies and statistical data accompanies this text.Trade Review'World Water Actions presents applied and concrete answers to many of the issues identified by the United Nations through its World Water Assessment Programme, and therefore inspires us all as water practitioners.' Andras Szollosi-Nagy, Deputy Assistant Director-General, Natural Sciences, and Secretary, International Hydrological Programme, UNESCO 'Water facts and figures are essential, but to understand why we are in crisis today, it is imperative to go beyond statistical data into both the water management perspective and the analysis of community-level experience. This important study looks at all these levels - and more.' Margaret Catley-Carson, Chair, Global Water Partnership 'World Water Actions provides a review of over 3,000 initiatives in every field of water management and affecting all stakeholders. It clearly demonstrates that the World Water Movement envisioned by the World Water Commission is well underway.' Ismail Serageldin, Chairman, World Commission for Water in the 21st Century 'A book to recommend to decision makers.' Sherkin CommentTable of ContentsForeword * Preface * Overview: Recording Actions, Identifying Gaps * Part 1: Assessing Challenges, Initiating Change - Water's Many Values * Water Management * Transboundary Basins * Water and Gender * Water-related Risks * Financing Water Infrastructure and Services * Part 2: Focusing on Key Areas, Promoting Change - Water Supply and Sanitation * Water for Energy * Water for Health * Water for Agriculture * Water, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity * Part 3: Taking Stock, Advancing Change: The Third World Water Forum and the Future Agenda * Figures * Tables * Boxes

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Book SynopsisOur world seems entangled in systems increasingly dominated by power, greed, ignorance, self-deception and denial, with spiralling inequity and injustice. Against a backdrop of climate change, failing ecosystems, poverty, crushing debt and corporate exploitation, the future of our world looks dire and the solutions almost too monumental to consider. Yet all is not lost. Robert Chambers, one of the ?glass is half full? optimists of international development, suggests that the problems can be solved and everyone has the power at a personal level to take action, develop solutions and remake our world as it can and should be. Chambers peels apart and analyses aspects of development that have been neglected or misunderstood. In each chapter, he presents an earlier writing which he then reviews and reflects upon in a contemporary light before harvesting a wealth of powerful conclusions and practical implications for the future. The book draws on experiences from Africa, Asia and elsewhere, covering topics and concepts as wide and varied as irreversibility, continuity and commitment; administrative capacity as a scarce resource; procedures and principles; participation in the past, present and future; scaling up; behaviour and attitudes; responsible wellbeing; and concepts for development in the 21st century.Table of ContentsWords and Ideas: Commitment, Continuity and Irreversibility; Aid and Administrative Capacity; Procedures, Principles and Power; Participation: Reviews, Reflections and Future; PRA, Participation and Going to Scale; Behaviour, Attitudes and Beyond; Ideas for the Future; Bibliography

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Book SynopsisSustainable consumption is a controversial concept: politically, socially and intellectually. Consumption drives our economies and defines our lives; making it sustainable is an enormous and essential challenge. The World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002 set in place a 10-year programme of effort by national governments to develop strategies for sustainable consumption and production. The problem of changing consumer behaviour and making our lives more sustainable continues to challenge opinion-formers and policy-makers alike. This book provides a coherent synthesis of key contributions to the literature on consumption and sustainability, comprising a substantive collection of selected papers and extracts from books, journals and institutional publications. Presented with a comprehensive introductory overview, the Reader also offers an invaluable 'route map' through the complex intellectual terrain relevant to the pursuit of sustainable consumption.Trade Review'This useful book lays out the case for making consumption sustainable, or at least less unsustainable. Essays by a variety of distinguished authors explore the psychological as well as social and economic factors, and end with propositions about how to understand and manage ourselves.' Sir Crispin Tickell, Chancellor, University of Kent, UK 'Professor Jackson has compiled (and contributed to) an outstanding collection of eclectic papers on the multi-faceted conundrum of consumption. This comprehensive volume frames the problem, makes the case against consumerism, unmakes it again in an intriguing section on 'resisting simplicity' and ends by 'reframing sustainable consumption.' Anyone hoping to understand the role of consumption in placing (un)sustainability among the most intractable problems confronting the modern world should begin with a thorough read of Jackson's new collection.' William E. Rees, Professor, University of British Columbia, Canada 'This is an invaluable guide to the innovative and urgent field of sustainable consumption. The way we live and the life of the planet are intertwined and this book is an excellent resource for those who wish to know.' Ed Mayo, Chief Executive, National Consumer Council, UK 'A comprehensive introduction provides an excellent guide through the complex arena of sustainable consumption.' Magazine of the IEMA 'I highly recommend this book... This reader presents a thoughtful selection of the best literature available in the field and is organized as a practical and essential framework for better understanding a very central topic at the core of many environmental issues.' Journal of Industrial EcologyTable of ContentsReadings in Sustainable Consumption * Part I, Framing Sustainable Consumption * Consumption from a Human Development Perspective * Making Sense of Sustainable Consumption * Consumption and It's Externalities: Where Economy Meets Ecology * Pursuing More Sustainable Consumption by Analysing Household Metabolism in European Countires and Cities * Accounting for Sustainable Consumption: A Review of Studies of the Environmental Impacts of Households * Challenges for Sustainable Consumption Policy * Part II, Resisting Consumerism * The Dubious Rewards of Consumption * The New Commodity Fetishism * False Connections * Living More Simply * Voluntary Simplicity: Characterization, Select Psychological Implications and Societal Consequences * Learning Diderot's Lesson: Stopping the Upward Creep of Desire * Part III, Resisting Simplicity * The Politics of Sustainable Consumption: The Case of the Netherlands * The Poverty of Morality * Relative Poverty - Relative Communication * Two Alternative Economic Models of Why Enough Will Never Be Enough * The Evocative Power of Things: Consumer Goods and the Preservation of Hopes and Ideals * Consuming Goods and the Good of Consuming * Part IV, Reframing Sustainable Consumption * Efficiency and Consumption: Technology and Practice * Competing Discourses of Sustainable Consumption: Does the 'Rationalization of Lifestyles' Make Sense? * Ethics of Consumption * Making Ends Meet - in the Household and on the Planet * The Costs and Benefits of Consuming * Consuming Paradise? Towards a Social and Cultural Psychology of Sustainable Consumption * Index

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Book SynopsisAs the process of globalization continues and power imbalances between decision-making institutions become increasingly apparent, the need for a critical assessment of the way in which we manage our interaction with the natural environment becomes ever more urgent. Good governance was identified at the World Summit on Sustainable Development as a critical factor for ensuring successful sustainable development. This book builds on the briefing papers that were presented at the Summit, taking further the discussions of the WEHAB agenda (Water, Energy, Health, Agriculture and food, and Biodiversity - the five international priority sectors highlighted by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan). This is a unique offering on the role and reform of global institutions and processes, raising issues that have previously been neglected in international discussions.Table of ContentsIntroduction: Setting the Scene * Outcomes from the World Summit for Sustainable Development * Part 1: The Three Pillars of Sustainability * Environment: The Path of Global Environmental * Governance: Form and Function in Historical Perspective * Economy: The Economic Problem of Sustainable Governance * Society: Participation and Engagement * Part II: The 'WEHAB' Issues * Water: Water and Governance * Energy: Energy Governance, Poverty and Sustainable Development * Health: Health and Sustainable Development - Addressing the Challenges Post-Johannesburg * Agriculture: Improving Governance for Food Security and Agriculture * Biodiversity: Biodiversity Governance after Johannesburg * Conclusion: Where Next?

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Book SynopsisThe Millennium Development Goals, adopted at the UN Millennium Summit in 2000, are the world's targets for dramatically reducing extreme poverty in its many dimensions by 2015 income poverty, hunger, disease, exclusion, lack of infrastructure and shelter while promoting gender equality, education, health and environmental sustainability. These bold goals can be met in all parts of the world if nations follow through on their commitments to work together to meet them. Achieving the Millennium Development Goals offers the prospect of a more secure, just, and prosperous world for all. The UN Millennium Project was commissioned by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan to develop a practical plan of action to meet the Millennium Development Goals. As an independent advisory body directed by Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs, the UN Millennium Project submitted its recommendations to the UN Secretary General in January 2005. The core of the UN Millennium Project's work has been carried out by 10 thematic Task Forces comprising more than 250 experts from around the world, including scientists, development practitioners, parliamentarians, policymakers, and representatives from civil society, UN agencies, the World Bank, the IMF, and the private sector. Coming to Grips with Malaria in the New Millennium presents an innovative strategic framework for relieving the burden that malaria imposes on society through the implementation of tried and tested anti-malarial interventions designed to improve health nationally and to promote economic development locally. Recommendations include early diagnosis, treatment with effective anti-malarial medicines, the use of insecticide treated nets, indoor residual spraying, managing the environment, improving housing, extending health education and improving monitoring and evaluation systems.Table of ContentsForeword -- Working group members -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Millennium Development Goals -- Executive summary -- 1 Introduction -- The Millennium Development Goal and target for malaria Organization of this report -- 2 The resurgence and burden of malaria -- Health burden -- Economic and social burden -- 3 Review of major initiatives and institutional policies for malaria control -- Global Malaria Eradication Program -- Global Malaria Control Strategy -- Harare Declaration on Malaria Prevention and Control -- Multilateral Initiative on Malaria -- Roll Back Malaria initiative -- Abuja Declaration on Roll Back Malaria -- Medicines for Malaria Venture -- Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria -- 4 Malaria control strategies -- Disease prevention strategies -- Disease management strategies -- Epidemic prevention and control strategies -- Information, education, and communication strategies -- Monitoring and evaluation -- 5 Examples of successful scale-up of malaria control programs -- Tigray region of Ethiopia -- Highlands of Madagascar -- Viet Nam -- South Africa -- Tanzania -- Lessons learned -- 6 Priority challenges fo r scaling up malaria control program s -- Strengthening health systems -- Human resources capacity -- Social mobilization of communities -- Partnerships -- Programmatic challenges -- 7 Developing a global plan to achieve the Millennium Development Goal target fo r malaria -- Conditions for achieving a sustained impact -- Developing a global plan for reducing the burden of malaria -- Components of a global plan -- Needs assessment: costing and financing -- Resource mobilization: needs assessment at the global level -- Resource mobilization: needs assessment at the country level— Ethiopia -- 8 Monitoring and evaluation -- Monitoring and evaluation of health programs -- Malaria-related Millennium Development Goal, targets, and indicators -- Coverage measures -- Main approaches to data collection for monitoring malaria control -- Monitoring the effectiveness of antimalarials and insecticides -- Developing geographic information systems and remote sensing -- Cost-effectiveness of service provision -- Linkage of malaria monitoring with poverty alleviation -- 9 Research and development to meet current and future needs -- Antimalarial medicine development -- Malaria diagnostics -- Malaria management in young children -- Malaria vector -- Malaria vaccines -- 10 Recommendations -- 1. Establish a realistic and measurable target on malaria -- 2. Enhance political commitment at country and global levels -- 3. Strengthen health systems at national and district levels -- 4. Develop human resources for program implementation -- 3. Promote social mobilization and community participation -- 6. Provide effective antimalarial supplies and commodities -- 7. Apply an integrated package of interventions -- 8. Scale up malaria control efforts to national level -- 9. Promote social and economic development -- 10. Incorporate malaria prevention and treatment approaches into school curricula -- 11. Develop surveillance systems for early detection of malaria epidemics -- 12. Promote partnerships for malaria control -- 13. Secure affordable access to the latest medical and therapeutic discoveries -- 14. Invest in research and development on malaria control tools -- Appendix 1 Estimated costs of scaled-up malaria control efforts in Ethiopia ,2005-15 -- Notes -- References.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents the findings & recommendations of the UN Millennium Project to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It describes the importance of the MDGs and gives an explanation of the progress. The book provides recommendations to be implemented at the country level.Table of ContentsTask force reports, Millennium Development Goals, Ten key recommendations, 1 Why the Goals are important and why we're falling short, 2 Country-level processes to achieve the Goals, 3 Recommendations f r the international system to support country-level processes, 4 The costs and benefits o f achieving the Millennium Development Goals

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Book Synopsis'Here's a work arriving just at the right moment and contributingnew insights at precisely the time when public opinion remains sceptical of the not very promising future we are preparing for our children, when governments balk at explaining to their electorates the vital but unpopular decisions that have to be taken and when civil society, with few ways and means, is finally becoming involved. This remarkable work will help all actors to understand the inter-linkages between economic activities and the environment in the Mediterranean Basin and take concerted, effective action to build a positive, sustainable future' Mohamed Ennabli, former Minister of the Environment and Land Use Panning, Tunisia 'The Blue Plan has carried out a remarkable assessment of the serious environmental probems and insufficiently targeted cooperation in the Mediterranean, and also of new financing systems to be implemented, which would increase the capacities of local authorities and economic and social partners' Georges Corm, former Minister of Finance, Lebanon The Mediterranean Basin and its surrounding countries is a microcosm of the environmental and sustainability challenges facing people across the world. Depending on the development path it takes in the future, the region can either become a positive model for the regional regulation of globalization, or, more onerously, it might reinforce global instability. This unique volume is the definitive, authoritative assessment of the environment and development of the Mediterranean Basin and its 22 countries and territories, spanning five decades from 30 years in the past to 20 years into the future. Produced by the Blue Plan within the framework of UNEP/Mediterranean Action Plan and backed by the EU and national governments, it brings together the work of more than 100 researchers from dozens of national, regional and local governments and research groups into the only comprehensive insight into sustainable development issues in the region. Core coverage includes water, energy, transport, cities, rural and coastal areas, as well as related issues such as climate change, population growth, geopolitical changes, unemployment and poverty, pollution, economic and environmental policies, regional cooperation and the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership. Information is clearly presented through hundreds of full-colour maps, graphs, tables and a wealth of case studies. This is a must-have reference for all levels of government, NGOs and libraries, as well as practitioners, academics and businesses involved in economics, natural resource management, land and maritime transport, water, energy, infrastructure, urban and rural development, agriculture, fishing and aquaculture, tourism and coastal management. Countries and territories covered: Spain, France, Italy, Monaco, Malta, Cyprus, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestinian Territories, Israel, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. Preface by Lucien Chabason, Chairman of the Blue Plan.Trade Review' impressive..a beautiful book...a 'must have reference' for all levels of government, NGOs, practitioners, academics and business people involved in the sustainable development of the Mediterranean area.' Luc Hens, Environment and Pollution, 2010.Table of ContentsPreface * Introduction * Part I: The Mediterranean and its Development Dynamics * The Mediterranean Region: A Unique But Neglected Heritage * Determining Factors of the Mediterranean Future * Part II: Six Sustainability Issues * Water * Energy * Transport * Urban Areas * Rural Areas * Coastal Areas * Part III: Summary and Call for Action * Index

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Book SynopsisHalf of the world's people live in urban areas, and roughly a third of these live in desperate poverty without access to basic amenities. Taking on the themes of UN-HABITAT's Water and Sanitation in the World's Cities (2003), this new volume focuses on the deficiencies in the provision of water and sanitation where most of the populations of the developing world live: in towns and small cities. Drawing on extensive unpublished research and 15 commissioned papers from experts involved in designing and implementing innovative projects around the world, this is the first major study of the problems facing the smaller urban centres that are recognized to be of enormous importance by governments, international agencies, NGOs and service providers. Tackling these problems is a crucial part of development and of good governance, and critical to meeting the Millennium Development Goals. The volume will be essential reading for all professionals and researchers in the relevant fields and a valuable resource for teachers and students of urban development.Trade Review'I trust that this publication will help to bring a renewed awareness on the needs of small urban centres and their role in achieving the Millennium Development Goals.' Anna Kajumulo Tibaijuka, Under-Secretary-General, United Nations, and Executive Director, UN-HABITAT 'A young girl's dream in urban slums or rural areas is to marry into a household with a latrine.' A young mother from an Indian Slum, heard at the Unheard Voices of Women event at the 12th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, New York 'Lack of access to water for meeting basic needs such as health, hygiene and food security undermines development and inflicts enormous hardship on more than a billion members of the human family.' Kofi Annan, Secretary General, United NationsTable of ContentsPart I Meeting Water and Sanitation Needs in Small Urban Centres * Part II Small Urban Centres and Large Villages: The Habitat of Much of the World's Low-Income Population? * Part III Deficiencies in Provision for Water and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part IV Addressing Needs: How to Attain the MDG Targets in Each Locality * Part V Information for Action and Indicators for Monitoring Provision * Part VI Key Challenges to Meeting Needs in Small Urban Centres * Part VII Finance for Water and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part VIII Integrated Water Resources Management and the Provision of Water Supply and Sanitation in Small Urban Centres * Part IX The Needed Pro-Poor Governance Framework in Small Urban Centres

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Book SynopsisIf you're tired of Tourist Traps and Guilt Trips, or just want to have a positive impact on local people and their environment, this book is for you. Find hundreds of new ideas for your next holiday and visit amazing communities not listed in other guidebooks. The Ethical Travel Guide is a natural successor to Tourism Concern's hugely popular Good Alternative Travel Guide. It is the essential resource for responsible global travel. From construction projects in Tibet to luxury Greek island breaks, there is something for every taste and budget. The extensive directory in this new guide lists places to visit and stay in over 60 countries and other useful resources chosen by Tourism Concern for anyone interested in ethical and sustainable tourism 'because tourism should always benefit local people'.Trade ReviewHurrah for TETG then, which proves that, rich or poor, we don't have to stay at home to save the planet, and travel needn't necessarily involve excessive consumption and retrospective remorse...Easy to read and strangely compelling, TETG is an inspriration.' New Consumer 'How to travel ethically: read the Ethical Travel Guide' Evening Standard 'From simple local-style holidays, treks, construction projects in Tibet, art holidays, and culinary and luxury retreats, there is something to suit every taste and budget. This is the essential resource for responsible global travellers.' HippyShopper 'A crucial read for any environmentally-aware traveller' Ian Waller, Real Travel Magazine 'As ever, Tourism Concern is at the forefront of efforts to ensure that the benefits of tourism are shared much more equitably' Jonathon Porritt, Co-Founder of Forum for the Future 'A directory of exciting and inspirational holiday experiences which do not exploit or damage the local community to suit all tastes and budgets.' The Bookseller, 27 Jan 2006 'For those who would love to see the world, but would like to do so without leaving an ecological footprint, this book guides you to all the best spots where you can taste the local delights, experience the unexpected and still feel sure that you haven't had a negative impact.' Daily Echo, Friday, Nov. 17, 2006 'If you are going to travel the world The Ethical Travel Guide is a great route planner both to help you understand the cultures, environment of people as well as contribute the maximum while disturbing the minimum.' Peter Shield www.naturalchoices.co.uk 'This travel guide will ... shed a whole new light on travelling and give potential travellers many new and wonderful ideas for alternative vacations... Even if you aren‘t planning a trip soon, it is inspirational to read about what people across the world are doing to make travel meaningful.' Treehugger.com 'A good leaping off point for time-poor holidaymakers who want to use limited travel time for a more truly enriching experience.' AdukiTable of ContentsForeword * Under an Ethical Sky * Africa * The Americas * Asia * Oceania * Europe * Tour Operators * Index

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Book SynopsisWhat does it mean to be part of the mass known as 'The Poor'? What visions are conjured up in our minds when someone is labelled 'Muslim'? What assumptions do we make about their needs, values and politics? How do we react individually and as a society? Who develops the labels, what power do they carry and how do such labels affect how people are treated? This timely book tackles the critical and controversial issue of how people are labelled and categorized, and how their problems are framed and dealt with. Drawing on vast international experience and current theory, the authors examine how labels are constituted and applied by a variety of actors, including development policy makers, practitioners and researchers. The book exposes the intense and complex politics involved in processes of labelling, and highlights how the outcomes of labelling can undermine stated development goals. Importantly, one of the book's principal objectives is to suggest how policy makers and professionals can tackle negative forms of labelling and encourage processes of 'counter-labelling', to enhance poverty reduction and human rights, and to tackle issues of race relations and global security. The Afterword encapsulates these ideas ands provides a good basis for reflection, further debate and action.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Labelling, Power and Accountability: How and Why �Our� Categories Matter * Labels, Welfare Regimes and Intermediation: Contesting Formal Power * Labelling People for Aid * The Politics of Representing �the Poor� * Disjunctures in Labelling Refugees and Oustees * When Labels Stigmatize: Encounters with �Street Children� and �Restavecs� in Haiti * Poverty as a Spectator Sport * �Muslim Women� and �Moderate Muslims�: British Policy and the Strengthening of Religious Absolutist Control over Gender Development * Black Umbrellas: Labelling and Articulating Development in the Indonesian Mass Media * Labelling �Works�: The Language and Politics of Caste and Tribe in India * Exploring the Intersection of Racial Labels, Rainbow Citizenship and Citizens� Rights in Post-Apartheid South Africa * Afterword: Changing Practice * Index

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Book Synopsis'Jules Pretty brings together the most comprehensive and carefully selected collection of writings available about sustainable agriculture. Together with an excellent overview chapter, the collected works provide the best available source for an enlightened analysis and debate about sustainability in agriculture. The four volumes will serve both as an excellent reader for students and a unique reference for all with an interest in the pursuit of sustainabiity in the food system' Professor Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Cornell University, former Chair of CGIAR Science Council and World Food Prize Laureate, 2001 'This is the single most comprehensive overview of sustainable agriculture, from ancient beginnings to the most topical modern issues. Jules Pretty has assembled a marvellous collection of the most seminal papers that are driving sustainable agriculture in all parts of the world.' Jeffrey A. McNeely, Chief Scientist, IUCN-The World Conservation Union 'Showing that, after all, humans can learn from experience, Jules Pretty has woven together the best of the old with the best of what is new and visionary. He gives us a solid, knowledge-based foundation for a badly needed new paradigm - that of an agriculture which sustains all life into the longer term. The impressive list of contributors ensures that all relevant areas have been competently assessed... A unique reference work for teachers, students and practitioners.' Hans R. Herren, World Food Prize Laureate, 1995 'An ambitious and deeply insightful series that unites the great minds not just of the agricultural, nutrition and environmental sciences, but also history, culture, economics, technology, learning and communications, policy, regulatory and institutional approaches. It will be a major reference work for all interested in the future of humanity and sustainable food and agricultural systems.' Parviz Koohafkan, Director, Environment, Climate Change and Bioenergy Division, FAO, Italy 'This work presents a body of knowledge that has come of age. It takes into account not only the science but also human behaviour, institutions and politics. It will be an invaluable support for practices that are rapidly gaining significance.' Professor Neils R�ling, formerly of Wageningen University, The Netherlands This 4-volume set, edited by the world's leading expert on agricultural sustainability, brings together and interprets the most influential, important and time-tested international scholarship across the fields of agriculture and food production with a set overview and individual volume introductions that make sense of this diverse and complex field. Volume I covers the history of agriculture from its ancient origins through successive technological and institutional revolutions to the present. Volume II examines the relationship between agriculture and the environment including agricultural contamination, greenhouse gases and climate change, environmental improvements and sustainability, integrated farming, eco-agriculture and agro-ecology, landscape restoration and environmental goods and services. Volume III provides full coverage of the modern industrialized global food system, corporate control, poverty, hunger and international successes, failures and challenges, diet and health, consumer behaviour and local alternatives to industrialization. Volume IV addresses how we think about land and our relationship to it, governance and stewardship of the rural commons, systems thinking, ecological literacy, social connections and a sustainable rural life, supportive and perverse agricultural subsidies and policies that shape food poverty and sustain agriculture into the future.Table of ContentsVolume I: History of Agriculture and Food * Part I: Before Agriculture * Part II: Early Agriculture * Part III: Agricultural Revolutions and Change * Part IV: Modern Agricultural Reforms * Index * Volume II: Agriculture and the Environment * Part I: Agricultural Harm to the Environment * Part II: Agroecology and Sustainability * Part III: Communities and Social Capital * Part IV: Ecological Restoration and Design * Index * Volume III: Agriculture and Food Systems * Part I: The Global Food System * Part II: Poverty and Hunger * Part III: Diet and Health * Part IV: Localized Food Systems * Index * Volume IV: Policies, Processes and Institutions * Part I: Ethics and Systems Thinking * Part II: Participatory Processes * Part III: Governance and Education * Part IV: Enabling Policies and Institutions for Sustainable Agricultural and Food Systems * Index

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Book Synopsis'A compelling contribution to our evolving understanding of the links between trade, aid and security � and what the international community needs to do to ensure peace and development in the world.' Achim Steiner, Executive Director, United Nations Environment Programme 'For far too long the international community ahs stood by while countries around the world descend into conflict and anarchy. We need to understand how we can engage more effectively with fragile and failing states. Trade, Aid and Security is an important step in this direction.' Jan Pronk, Special Representative of the UN General Secretary in Sudan and Former Minister of Development and the Environment, The Netherlands. 'As we begin to contemplate what the post-Iraq world will look like it is vital that we reflect on the limits of the utility of hard power and the importance that development can play in avoiding failed states before they fail, preventing conflicts and more successfully re-building states. This timely book makes a most important contribution to that process.' Lord Paddy Ashdown, UN High Representative for Boznia and Herzegovina, 2002 � 2006 Leader of UK Liberal Democrat Party, 1988 � 1999 'As UN Special Representative to the Great Lakes Region of Africa I have seen the devastating impact of the trade in �conflict resources� with my own eyes. Amongst much else, this book shows how different trade and aid politics can tackle the trade in conflict resources and make a real contribution to secure societies. It is essential reading.' Mohamed Sahnoun, Special Representative of the UN Secretary General in Central and East Africa. Iraq, Afghanistan, Darfur. All resonate loudly on the international stage, exposing and illustrating the intractable links between global security, control over naturals resources � be it oil, water, timber or 'conflict diamonds' � and the manipulation of foreign aid and international trade policy. This volume, written by leading authorities from across the globe, introduces the linkages between trade, aid and security, and exposes how inappropriate or misused trade and aid policy can and do undermine security and contribute to violence and the disintegration of national states. On a practical level they demonstrate how six key areas of trade and aid policy can be used to help forge stability and security, reduce the likelihood of armed conflict, and assist economic and political recovery in our war-torn world.Trade Review'This book presents a remarkable analysis of the multiple linkages between aid, trade and security and provides thoughtful alternatives to current ways aid is delivered and trade regulated... highly recommended to practitioners and researchers working on issues related to aid conditionality.' Natural Resources ForumTable of ContentsIntroduction: Trade, Aid and Security: An Agenda for Peace and Development * Designing Conflict-sensitive Trade Policy * Developing Conflict-sensitive Aid: The Relationship between Aid and Conflict * Promoting 'Good' Governance through Trade and Aid: Instruments of Coercion or Vehicles of Communication? * Building Markets for Conflict-free Goods * Promoting Conflict-sensitive Business in Fragile States: Redressing Skewed Incentives * Managing Revenues from Natural Resources and Aid * Conclusion: Prospects for Peace and Progress *

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 2008, La Faim et la Sant is a valuable contribution to the field of Environment and Sustainability.Trade Review'La faim et la sant� s'appuie sur une exp�rience pragmatique longue de plusieurs d�cennies, acquise dans le cadre de la r�duction des 'urgences alimentaires' et des efforts visant � rompre le cercle vicieux de la pauvret� et de la maladie.' Paul Farmer, Docteur en m�decine, Harvard Medical School et Partners in Health 'La faim et la sant� s'appuie sur une exp�rience pragmatique longue de plusieurs d�cennies, acquise dans le cadre de la r�duction des 'urgences alimentaires' et des efforts visant � rompre le cercle vicieux de la pauvret� et de la maladie. Il fournit - aux nations ainsi qu'aux organismes normatifs internationaux qui cherchent � r�aliser les objectifs du Mill�naire pour le d�veloppement - des recommandations solidement fond�es pour l'�laboration des politiques qu'il faudra mettre en oeuvre ... Nous sommes extr�mement redevables � ceux qui ont r�dig� La faim et la sant� et � ceux qui y ont contribu�. Que ce rapport, et les engagements �crits pris en faveur du commerce �quitable, de la r�forme agraire et de l'am�lioration des pratiques agricoles, soient pour nous tous une 'feuille de route', dont le respect nous permettra de faire en sorte que la faim au XXIe si�cle soit per�ue, premi�rement, comme une obsc�nit� et, deuxi�mement, comme une maladie mondiale que nous sommes d'ores et d�j� en mesure de gu�rir.' Paul Farmer, Docteur en m�decine, Harvard Medical School et Partners in Health 'Si la mondialisation apporte des possibilit�s sans pr�c�dent d'acc�der � la richesse, elle creuse aussi le foss� entre ceux qui jouissent avec dignit� de leur plein droit � la vie et ceux qui en sont priv�s. Le PAM compte plus de personnel intervenant dans les r�gions du monde touch�es par des crises que toute autre organisation. Fruit de l'exp�rience sur le terrain, ce rapport d�montre sans �quivoque que la faim, la maladie et la pauvret� sont inextricablement li�es. Qui plus est, il prouve qu'il existe des solutions pratiques � cette face inacceptable du d�veloppement. Il s'agit d'une lecture essentielle pour quiconque travaille aupr�s des populations marginalis�es, que ce soit dans les quartiers d�sh�rit�s du Nord ou dans les zones de conflit du Sud.' Peter Walker, Titulaire de la chaire Irwin H. Rosenberg de nutrition et s�curit� humaine, �cole Friedman des sciences et politiques de la nutrition, Universit� TuftsTable of ContentsLe Programme alimentaire mondial des Nations Unies -- Remerciements -- Avant-propos -- Note d'introduction -- Preface -- APERCU GENERAL -- PREMIERE PARTIE: LA FAIM ET LA SAMt DANS LE MONDE -- Introduction -- 1.1 La faim, la sante et le bien-etre -- Intermezzo 1: Description generate des carences en micronutriments -- 1.2 Quelles sont les personnes les plus vulnerables? -- Intermezzo 2: Les femmes et I'elimination de la faim - un lien inextricable -- 1.3 Suivi des OMD relatifs a la faim et a la sante -- 1.4 Accelerer les progres en faisant les bons choix -- Intermezzo 3: La faim et la maladie dans les situations de crise -- DEUXIEME PARTIE: LA DfzNUTRITION ET LA MALADIE - LEURS EFFETS TOUT AU LONG DU -- CYCLE DE LA VIE -- 2.1 La denutrition et la maladie: un lien etroit -- 2.2 Examen plus approfondi de la denutrition et de la maladie -- Intermezzo 4: Le sida et la faim - enjeux et actions -- Intermezzo 5: L'aide alimentaire et le traitement de la tuberculose -- Intermezzo 6: La transition nutritionnelle en Amerique latine - I'experience du Programme du Conseil national chilien des jardins d'enfants -- 2.3 Menaces emergentes -- TROISIEME PARTIE: LE DEVELOPPEMENT NATIONAL - ENGAGEMENTS ET CHOIX POLITIQUES -- 3.1 La faim nuit au developpement humain -- 3.2 Des solutions efficaces -- Intermezzo 7: Les Sprinkles - un moyen novateur et economiquement efficace de fournir des micronutriments aux enfants -- 3.3 Les bons choix politiques -- Intermezzo 8: Partenariats visant a eradiquer la denutrition infantile en Amerique latine et -- aux CaraTbes -- Intermezzo 9: De la recherche a Taction -- QUATRIEME PARTIE: LA MARCHE A SUIVRE - VERS UN MONDE LIB£r£ DE LA FAIM -- 4.1 La marche a suivre: dix actions cles -- Intermezzo 10: Priorite a la nutrition en ThaTlande -- CINQUIEME PARTIE: RECUEIL DE REFERENCES -- Apergu - notes techniques -- Tableau 1 - A quoi ressemble un monde en proie a la faim? -- Tableau 2 - Combien de personnes souffrent de la faim tout au long de leur vie? -- Tableau 3 - A quoi ressemble un monde en proie a la maladie? -- Tableau 4 - Combien de personnes souffrent de la maladie durant leur vie? -- Tableau 5 - Qui est menace par la faim et la maladie dans les situations de crise? -- Tableau 6a - Combien de personnes souffrent de la faim invisible et de maladies infantiles?. . -- Tableau 6b - Combien de personnes souffrent de maladies infectieuses? -- Tableau 7 - Combien de personnes sont touchees par des catastrophes naturelles? -- Tableau 8 - Quelles solutions existent-t-il pour lutter contre la faim et la maladie? -- Tableau 9 - Quelles ressources sont consacrees a la reduction de la faim et de la maladie? -- Tableau 10 - Progres accomplis dans la realisation des OMD d'ici 2015 -- SIXIEME PARTIE: ANNEXES -- Sigles et abreviations -- Glossaire -- Bibliographie -- Notes -- Etablissement des couts des solutions essentielles -- Methodologie de cartographie.

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Book SynopsisWith the deadline for achieving the 2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) less than a decade away, the uneven progress is raising important questions about the ability of the international community to 'scale up' its efforts to finance the goals. Securing adequate financing for development has thus become the most pressing issue of the development agenda. This groundbreaking volume, by leading development economists and practitioners, addresses the central concern for policymakers involved in long term planning for the MDGs: how to create 'fiscal space' for the MDGs and strengthen domestic resource mobilization for human development, while ensuring long-term sustainability and freedom from reliance on aid. By looking at the evidence with fresh perspectives, the authors present a novel approach by which fiscal policy can be made to work for the poor, for the long term. Published with UNDP and Revenue Watch.Trade Review'This book makes a very important contribution to answering the question of how to increase fiscal space in developing countries with a view to achieving the MDGs. The solid analytical contribution is complemented by a number of country case studies that yield valuable empirical findings.' Jaime Ros, Professor of Economics at the University of Notre Dame and Faculty Fellow at the Helen Kellogg Institute of International StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Investing in Development: The Millennium Development Goals, Aid and Sustainable Capital Accumulation 2. Fiscal Space for What? Analytical Issues from a Human Development Perspective 3. Fiscal Space for Public Investment: Towards a Human Development Approach 4. The Fiscal Space Conjecture: Theoretical Reflections 5. Understanding Fiscal Expansions 6. A Review of Four Case Studies on Fiscal Space: Morocco, Senegal, Thailand and Venezuela 7. Guaranteeing Fiscal Space for Human Development in Morocco 8. Securing Fiscal Space for the Millennium Development Goals in Senegal 9. The Fiscal Space of Thailand: An Historical Analysis 10. Plenty of Room? Fiscal Space in a Resource-Abundant Economy: The Case of Venezuela Appendix: Selected Economic Indicators (2006) for Morocco, Senegal, Thailand and Venezuela

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Book SynopsisThe integration of development and climate objectives is increasingly recognized as significant in research and policy making. In practice, some development aims, such as poverty alleviation, enhancing energy security and access or improving health, also have potential climate benefits. The challenge is to find a broadly applicable range of effective policies and actions that realize development objectives and at the same time result in real climate benefits. This special issue of the Climate Policy journal focuses on new evidence that identifies options for action, examining how development strategies, policies and decisions can be made more sustainable by integrating climate change considerations and overcoming the barriers that hinder implementation. It also explores what lessons exist for policy at the national and international level and looks at how promising options for local policies can be scaled-up through international initiatives. It also examines how international policy frameworks can create the conditions for integrated development and climate policies. The outcomes provide useful contributions to sustainable development planning on issues such as poverty reduction, rural development, disaster preparedness, energy and transport as well as to the discussions at national and international level regarding next steps to deal with climate change.Table of ContentsIntegrating Development and Climate Policies * Integrating Development and Climate Policies: National and International Benefits * Methods for Quantifying Benefits of Sustainable Development Policies and Measures (SD-PAMs) * Bilateral and Multilateral Financial Assistance for the Energy Sector of Developing Countries * Financing the Integration of Climate Change Mitigation into Development * Adaptation and the Poor: Development, Resilience and Transition * Adapting Development Cooperation to Adapt to Climate Change * Climate Adaptation from a Poverty Perspective * Sustainable Development and Climate Change: Lessons from Country Studies * Brazilian Transport Initiatives with GHG Reductions as a Co-benefit

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Book SynopsisThis topic is central to contemporary concerns for more sustainable agricultural development. This is a well-written and clear book, with excellent data, tables and illustrations, addressing issues of water use, climate change, poverty and small farmers. The authors are highly respected and complement each other's acknowledged international expertise.' Professor Jules Pretty, University of Essex, UK 'This useful guide shows that there is great potential for increasing the productive capacity of smallholder farms in the drylands via a range of water management techniques, from the simple to the more complex. Providing a theoretical grounding and a practical guide, Water and cereals in the drylands will appeal to workers on-location as well as students, researchers and policymakers.' New Agriculturalist Cereals are by far the most important source of food throughout the world, either directly for human consumption or indirectly in the form of animal feed for livestock products consumed as food. With world population set to rise to nine billion by 2050, there is an urgent need to examine ways to increase cereal production. Indeed recently the future of cereal production and consumption has been complicated by rising energy prices and the economics of biofuels, which are competing for the use of cereals. One way to increase cereal production is by the more effective use of marginal dryland areas. This book reviews the potential for increased cereal production in drylands across the world, from the USA, Australia and Southern Europe to Asia and Africa. It describes how improved water conservation, water harvesting and investment options can contribute to this, and suggests policies for the more efficient use of existing natural resources in order to lessen the dependence of agriculture on further irrigation development.Trade Review'Would be well used to inform the discussion in scientific papers.' Blair M. McKenzie, Cambridge University Press, 2009. '[The book] describes how improved water conservation, water harvesting and investment options can contribute to ths, and suggests policies for the more efficient use of existing natural resources in order to lessen the dependence of agriculture on futher irrigation development.' Biotechnology, Agronomy Society and Environment, 2009.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Preface Introduction 1: Drylands, People and Land Use 2: Cereal Production in Drylands 3: Enhancing Cereal Production in Drylands 4: Social and Economic Aspects of Dryland Investment 5: Wider Issues of Water in Drylands Conclusions Bibliography Annexes Index

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Book SynopsisThe international development community invests billions of dollars to improve organisational capacity. But real-life practice is poorly understood and undervalued as a distinct professional domain. Written by practitioners, this innovative publication is designed to make capacity development more professional and increasingly effective in achieving development goals. Practical illustrations draw on experiences from the civic, government and private sectors. A central theme is to understand capacity as more than something internal to organisations. This book shows how capacity also stems from connections between different types of actor and the levels in society at which they operate. The content is crafted for a broad audience of practitioners in capacity development: consultants, managers, front-line workers, trainers, facilitators, leaders, advisors, programme staff, activists, and funding agencies. Published with SNVTrade Review'To improve results, business would often take an 'organisational development' perspective. But this approach is less well established for development challenges usually involving multiple actors. This volume will go a long way to closing this gap by helping development professionals craft practical strategies for long-term improvement.' Peter Senge, Director of the Center for Organizational Learning at the MIT Sloan School of Management, author of The Fifth Discipline 'Here is a wealth of practical experience, amplified by a style and format that makes everything clear and accessible. It is a carefully crafted piece of work that will be recognized as a benchmark resource for this critical area of development challenges.' Kumi Naidoo, Executive Director of Greenpeace International, former CEO of Civicus 'Through reflection on individual stories this book illustrates what works, why and how. It is a source of inspiration for those who want to increase the return on the billions invested yearly in this area.' Koos Richelle, Director General EuropeAid Cooperation Office, European Commission 'In linking the local and international, this book is an essential resource for every capacity development practitioner.' Chiku Malunga, Malawian capacity development practitioner, author on African organisational development 'Provides essential approaches for empowering local actors to create their own solutions, while dealing with their wider relationships. A vital contribution to achieving effectiveness and scale in a time when the paradigm of top-down policy solutions has simply not delivered.' Herman Wijffels, co-chair of World Connectors, former Netherlands representative at the World Bank 'Capacity development is one of the defining ideas within contemporary international development and stems from the conviction and experience that addressing social, economic and environmental issues calls for greater capabilities in society in individual human capital, in communities, groups, organisations, sectors and institutions...The practitioners through their own experience and understanding of capacity present a profile of methods, concepts, competencies and common challenges. ' Organiser Weekly 'The diversity of experience offered in this volume is one of its major strengths and as such the book is a very useful source of inspiration for CD practitioners looking for cases paralleling their current efforts.' Lars Udsholt, Capacity in DevelopmentTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I: Perspectives on Capacity Multiple Dimensions Multiple Actors Multiple Levels Part II: Establishing Your Practice Advisers' Roles Thematic and Change Expertise Ownership, Authority and Conflict Whose Values Count? Organizational Development as a Source 'Reading' Situations Dialogue Part III: Working with Connections Institutions, Power and Politics Public Accountability Micro-Macro Gap Working with Value Chains Engaging with Community Based Organizations Leadership Development Knowledge Networking Part IV: Improving on Results Measuring Capacity Development Time Matters Self-Reflection Accountability and Learning Part V: Looking Ahead Taking Stock Capacity Development Market? What Next?

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Book SynopsisIn the last decade biodiversity loss and persistent poverty in developing countries have been recognised as major international problems that require urgent attention. However, the nature and scale of the links between these two problems, and between efforts to address them, has been the subject of much heated debate. Understanding the different elements of this debate is critical if we are to move towards constructive solutions. This Reader provides a guide to, and commentary on, the different strands of the current conservation-poverty debate through a selection of key readings from both the conservation and development literature including policy documents, journal articles and reports. The breadth of material will help readers, including both students and professionals, to locate current debates within their wider contexts. Among the areas of debate covered are: ' The lack of attention to biodiversity concerns in international development policy ' The social implications of protectionist conservation policy ' The roles and responsibilities of conservation NGOs towards local communities ' The links between climate change, biodiversity and poverty reduction, and in particular the implication of discussions around reduced emissions from deforestation (REDD) as a climate change mitigation strategy.Trade Review'We are at the threshold of an exciting but fraught new paradigm that compels conservation NGOs to shift from the notion that nature must be protected from people, to embracing the realization that natural systems must be conserved for people. This timely and important book is a must read for all who are ready to explore and examine the challenging new frontier that links conservation with human well-being.' – Steve McCormick, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, USA 'Biodiversity provides essential goods and services that people everywhere - above all poor people -- depend on. And it helps people cope with change and manage risk. Yet too often development erodes biodiversity, and too often conservation has been promoted without engaging poor people and without caring for their needs and rights. This book provides a valuable toolkit that will assist all those seeking to eradicate poverty, conserve biodiversity, and manage the trade-offs between these fundamental goals.' – David Cooper, Secretariat, Convention on Biological Diversity 'This book provides a stark reminder that one group's biosphere is another group's backyard. The rich biodiversity of our forests, coasts, and grasslands stands in contrast with the poverty of the people living there. The plants, people, and animals in these landscapes are inextricably connected. In this outstanding reader leading experts describe and debate those connections. No easy answers here, but who said life was simple. This is definitely worth the read.' – David Kaimowitz, Ford Foundation 'The collection of writings thoroughly explains the complex relationships between conservation and poverty reduction. It is possible to imagine motivated and careful readers to become well enough informed after finishing this book to work in the field or want to.' – Crosslands: Bulletin on Business, Law and the Environment 'The editors have drawn together a galaxy of authors who bring expertise on all aspects of biodiversity loss, conservation, poverty and its alleviation. In fact the book may be regarded as a manual on these two subjects with a wealth of references, experiences and perspectives.' – Professor John Hodges, AGRI 'The breadth of material will help readers, including students and professionals, to locate current debates within their wider contexts.' – Abstracts of Public Administration, Development, and Environment. "The editors (Dilys Roe and Joanna Elliot) have carefully structured the Reader to cover a range of important issues and provide a clear and helpful commentary on the individual articles ... Many of the articles are thought provoking and likely to stimulate renewed discussion on the difficult questions that confront those interested in the topic" – Toby Hodgkin, Experimental AgricultureTable of Contents1. Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Reduction: An Introduction to the Debate Part I: Linking Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Reduction - Where, How and Why? Editors' Introduction 2. Biodiversity Conservation and the Eradication of Poverty 3.Linking Conservation and Poverty Reduction: Landscapes, People and Power 4. Poverty, Development and Biodiversity Conservation: Shooting in the Dark? 5. Livelihoods, Forests and Conservation in Developing Countries: An Overview Part II: Conservation's Place in International Development Editors' Introduction 6. Integrating the Rio Conventions into Development Co-operation 7. Wildlife and Poverty Study 8. Striking a Balance: Ensuring Conservation's Place on the International Biodiversity Assistance Agenda 9. Report of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group of Review of Implementation of the Convention 10. Contested Relationships between Biodiversity Conservation and Poverty Alleviation 11. Poverty and Conservation: The New Century's 'Peasant Question?' 12. Making Poverty Reduction Irreversible: Development Implications of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Part III: Conservation Policy and Protectionism Editors' Introduction 13. Protected Areas and Poverty - The Linkages and How to Address Them 14. Conservation Policy and Indigenous Peoples 15. The Role of Protected Areas in Conserving Biodiversity and Sustaining Local Livelihoods. 16. Eviction for Conservation: A Global Overview 17. Political Ecology and the Costs and Benefits of Protected Areas 18. A Property Rights Approach to Understanding Human Displacement from Protected Areas: The Case of Marine Protected Areas Part IV: Conservation NGOs and Poor People Editors' Introduction 19. Two Agendas on Amazon Development 20. International Conservation Organisations and the Fate of Local Tropical Forest Conservation Initiatives 21. A Challenge to Conservationists 22. Conservation, Development and Poverty Alleviation: Time for a Change in Attitudes 23. Conserving What and for Whom? Why Conservation Should Help Meet Basic Needs in the Tropics 24. Disentangling the Links between Conservation and Poverty Reduction in Practice Part V: New Developments: Ecosystem Services, Carbon and Climate Change Editors' Introduction 25. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Current State and Trends 26. Selling Out on Nature (and letters in response) 27. Payments for Environmental Services and the Poor: Concepts and Preliminary Evidence 28. Climate, Carbon, Conservation and Communities 29. Protecting the Future: Carbon, Forests, Protected Areas and Local Livelihoods 30. Seeing REDD? Forests, Climate Change Mitigation the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities Part VI: Moving Beyond the Debate - The Need for Conservation-poverty Partnerships Editors' Introduction 31. Partnerships for Conservation and Poverty Reduction 32. Common Ground between Anthropology and Conservation Biology 33. Thinking Like a Human: Social Science and the Two Cultures Problem

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Book SynopsisCurrent urban planning systems are not equipped to deal with the major urban challenges of the twenty-first century, including effects of climate change, resource depletion and economic instability, plus continued rapid urbanization with its negative consequences such as poverty, slums and urban informality. These planning systems have also, to a large extent, failed to meaningfully involve and accommodate the ways of life of communities and other stakeholders in the planning of urban areas, thus contributing to the problems of spatial marginalization and exclusion. It is clear that urban planning needs to be reconsidered and revitalized for a sustainable urban future. Planning Sustainable Cities reviews the major challenges currently facing cities and towns all over the world, the emergence and spread of modern urban planning and the effectiveness of current approaches. More importantly, it identifies innovative urban planning approaches and practices that are more responsive to current and future challenges of urbanization. The Global Report on Human Settlements is the most authoritative and up-to-date global assessment of human settlements conditions and trends. It is an essential reference for researchers, academics, public authorities and civil society organizations all over the world. Preceding issues of the report have addressed such topics as Cities in a Globalizing World, The Challenge of Slums, Financing Urban Shelter and Enhancing Urban Safety and Security.Trade Review"This report documents many effective and equitable examples of sustainable urbanization that are helping to define a new role for urban planning. I commend its information and analysis to all who are interested in promoting economically productive, environmentally safe and socially inclusive towns and cities." From the Foreword by BAN KI-MOON, Secretary-General, United Nations "Today's Books put Planning Sustainable Cities on the 'A-List!'" Kelly Spann, Today's Books. "This will be invaluable to anyone seeking a comprehensive review of global problems in this field." Library Journal, May 2010"A great reference book." Built Environment "This book is of interest of those who are interested in promoting sustainable process, and is particularly useful in pointing out new directions and in providing recent effective and equitable examples." Lia Maria Dias Bezerra, University of Brasilia,Urban Research and Practice"This is a most useful survey of urban planning worldwide. It is thought provoking and persuasive." Manjusha Misra, School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal, International Journal of Environmental StudiesTable of ContentsPart I: Challenges and Context 1. Urban Challenges and the Need to Revisit Urban Planning 2. Understanding the Diversity of Urban Contexts Part II: Global Trends: The Urban Planning Process (Procedural) 3. The Emergence and Spread of Contemporary Urban Planning 4. The Institutional and Regulatory Framework for Planning 5. Planning, Participation and Politics Part III: Global Trends: The Content Of Urban Plans (Substantive) 6. Bridging the Green and Brown Agendas 7. Planning and Informality 8. Planning, Spatial Structure of Cities and Provision of Infrastructure Part IV: Global Trends: Monitoring, Evaluation And Education 9. The Monitoring and Evaluation of Urban Plans 10. Planning Education Part V: Future Policy Directions 11. Towards a New Role for Urban Planning Part VI: Statistical Annex

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Book SynopsisPopulation growth, reproductive health and reproductive rights are amongst the most pressing issues facing governments and the international community. Since the world's governments agreed for the first time on far-reaching and enlightened population policies at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, a good deal of progress has been made on these issues, but major challenges remain. This fully updated edition of Creating a New Consensus on Population charts international progress on efforts to address population and development, reproductive health, reproductive rights, religion, contraception and the empowerment of women. Historical coverage includes the lead up process to the ICPD, the conference itself and the global consensus and the ICPD Programme of Action that resulted. The book then turns to how population issues have developed over the past decade and a half including follow-up and implementation at the international level by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and other UN agencies and organizations. Key international events are covered including the 1999 ICPD+5, Millennium Summit 2000, ICPD+10 and the 2005 MDG+5 as well as relevant regional events. The book also examines the reorientation of policies and programmes and implementation at national levels across the world. Crucially, it looks at emerging issues and partnerships including the increasing role of NGOs, women's groups, youth groups, foundations, public-private partnerships and other non-state stakeholders. Written by Jyoti Shankar Singh, former ICPD Executive Coordinator, this is the definitive account of how the international community has engaged with population issues and policies and it offers insight into both the ongoing challenges as well as how an international consensus can be forged on crucial global issues. It is essential reading for all those involved in population, health and development issues and policies world-wide.Trade Review'No one interested in the field of the population issue and reproductive health should miss this important book. This is the right moment for an update' Dr. Nicolaas Biegman, Permanent Representative of the Netherlands to the UN, 1992-1997 'Fifteen years ago, the international community agreed on a vision for achieving population stabilization and sustainable development through universal access to family planning and reproductive health; gender equality in education, and fulfillment of the rights of women and men to economic, social and environmental security. Jyoti Singh played an instrumental role in organizing the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD). In this book, Dr. Singh reminds us that the ICPD's promise remains valid, but unfulfilled, and details how the world can overcome the barriers that stubbornly persist, especially for women. Senator Timothy E. Wirth, US Under-Secretary of State, 1995-1997; President, UN Foundation 'Jyoti Shankar Singh in this revised edition not only reminds and updates us on the ICPD process but takes us through the intriguing journey of 'The Politics of Reproductive Health, Reproductive Rights and Women's Empowerment,' as he aptly puts it. This book is recommended reading for all - from politicians and planners to professionals and field workers.It is comprehensive and forward looking while objective and frank in addressing the challenges, constraints and realities of implementing the Cairo consensus. I sincerely hope that Jyoti Singh will continue his efforts to map the process as countries strive to achieve the ICPD and MDG goals by 2015' Dr. Raj Karim, Regional Director, International Planned Parenthood Federation, East and South East Asia and Oceania Region,Kuala Lumput, MalaysiaTable of Contents1. Bucharest, Mexico and Cairo 2. From Family Planning to Reproductive Health 3. Population and Development 4. The Empowerment of Women 5. Partnership with the Non-Governmental Sector 6. Mobilizing Resources for Population Programmes 7. The Cairo Agenda and the International Community 8. Institutional Response 9. Implementing the Cairo Agenda Notes And References Bibliography Appendix 1: Chronology of Major Events Relating to International Conference on Population and Development

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Book SynopsisWith very few exceptions, industrial development has been central to the process of structural transformation which characterises economic development. Industrial Development for the 21st century examines the new challenges and opportunities arising from globalization, technological change and new international trade rules. The first part focuses on key sectors with potential for developing countries, focussing on two key themes. First, traditional points of entry for late industrializers - like textiles and clothing - have become even more intensely competitive than ever before, requiring more innovative adaptive strategies for success. Second, countries now recognize that manufacturing does not exhaust the opportunities for producing high value-added goods and services for international markets. Knowledge intensity is increasing across all spheres of economic activity, including agriculture and services, which can offer promising development paths for some developing countries. The final section addresses social and environmental aspects of industrial development. Labour-intensive, but not necessarily other patterns of industrial development can be highly effective in poverty reduction though further industrial progress may be less labour-intensive. A range of policies can promote industrial energy and materials efficiency, often with positive impacts on firms' financial performance as well as the environment. Promoting materials recycling and reuse is an effective, if indirect means of conserving resources. Finally, the growth of multinational interest in corporate social responsibility is traced, with consideration given to both the barriers and opportunities this can pose for developing country enterprises linked to global supply chains.Table of Contents Foreword JoAnne DiSano Acknowledgements Introduction José Antonio Ocampo New Frontiers and Challenges 1. Industrial development: Some stylized facts and policy directions - Dani Rodrik 2. Technology, globalization, and international competitiveness: Challenges for developing countries - Carl Dahlman 3. Developing country multinationals: South-South investment comes of age - Dilek Aykut and Andrea Goldstein 4. Natural resource-based industries: Prospects for Africa's agriculture - Mónica Kjöllerström and Kledia Dallto 5. The textiles and clothing industry: Adjusting to a post quota world - Ratnakar Adhikari and Yumiko Yamamoto 6. Services-led industrialization in India: prospects and challenges - Nirvikar Singh 7. Industrial development and economic growth: Implications for poverty reduction and income inequality - Matleena Kniivilä 9. Industrial energy and materials efficiency: What role for policies? - Mohan Peck and Ralph Chipman 10. From supply chains to value chains: A spotlight on CSR - Malika Bhandarkar and Tarcisio Alvarez-Rivero 11. Policy lessons for 21st century industrializers - David O'Connor

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Book Synopsis'Governance' has become a key word in the lexicon of international relations over the last twenty years. It is used, loosely, and invariably in a liberal idiom, by scholars, activists, civil society organizations, politicians and the voluntary sector. In many respects it has attained the status of a fetish, yet 'governance' remains a notion that has multiple definitions, a concept in-the-making. Notwithstanding the imprecision with which the term is employed, it has become an inescapable paradigm for the politics of development. The contributors to this book, drawn from among some of the world's best area studies specialists, from North and South, offer a diverse global critique of 'governance' as deployed in several key areas: institutions and state actors; the rule of law, democracy and human rights; decentralization and state power; development and, last but not least, international cooperation and the role of the World Bank, the IMF and NGOs. The geographical spread of the volume ranges from Africa to Latin America, from Asia to the Middle East. Their objectives include: a reassessment of 'governance' in its many manifestations; an attempt to free the term from its often unhelpful linkage to the state, and thereby apply it to other organizations and actors; a re-evaluation of the Western-dominated use of the term politically and an attempt to broaden its application beyond issues such as transparency and the fight against corruption; and a search for innovative applications of the term, driven by a consensus that transcends current economic and political inequalities.

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Book SynopsisWhen anthropologist Delwar Hussain arrived in a remote coal mining village on the Bangladesh/India border to research the security fence India is building around its neighbour, he discovered more about the globalised world than he had expected. The present narrative of the Bangladesh/ India border is one of increasing violence. Not so long ago, it was the site of a monumental modernist master-plan, symbolic of a larger optimism which was to revolutionise post-colonial nations around the world. Today this vision and what it gave rise to lies in spectacular ruin; the innards of the decomposing industrial past are scattered across the borderlands. The dream of a top- down, organised state and society has been replaced by a vibrant, market determined, cross-border coal industry that has little respect for the past, people or the environment. In keeping with these changes, there are new opportunities and prospects too. Social and intimate lives have transformed in unexpected and hopeful ways. While the book explores the relationship between those with a vision for the future and those without, it ultimately seeks to shed light on the communities and places that pay the highest price for the present need to develop. By focusing on the peripheries, the book at once gets to the contradictions at the heart of the neoliberal condition.Trade ReviewAsian Affairs 'This rich and detailed account of the Bangladeshi-Indian borderlands addresses urgent questions concerning "development" and its failures, the uneven effects of industrialisation and the lived realities of geopolitics in South Asia. Delwar Hussain's vivid prose makes the book an engrossing as well as an informative read. * Katy Gardner, Professor of Anthropology, University of Sussex, and author of Discordant Development: Global Capitalism and the Struggle for Connection in Bangladesh *Delwar Hussain has explored one of the still remote borderlands of the world; a place where marginality becomes central, and the periphery is at the heart of life. This was a line of partition between India and Pakistan; and when the former East Pakistan became independent, it divided India from Bangladesh. It was the site of a major limestone project, monument of post-colonial industrialisation, now abandoned and derelict. Today's livelihoods depend on the cross-border coal trade, much of it illegal, between small-scale entrepreneurs, who employ ill-paid migrant labourers. Delwar Hussain, who writes with humane clarity, tells a compelling story of colonial memory, independence, decolonisation, and neo-liberalism, the ambiguous freedoms and mutating poverties of development. * Jeremy Seabrook, author of Freedom Unfinished: Fundamentalism and Popular Resistance in Bangladesh and Consuming Cultures: Globalization and Local Lives *

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Book SynopsisWhile humanitarianism is unquestionably a fast-growing subject of practitioner and scholarly engagement, much discussion about it is predicated on a dangerous dichotomy between 'aid givers' and 'relief takers' that largely misrepresents the negotiated nature of the humanitarian enterprise. To highlight the tension between these relationships, this book focuses on the 'humanitarian spaces' and the dynamics of 'humanitarian diplomacy' (both 'local' and 'global') that sustain them. It gathers key voices to provide a critical analysis of international theory, geopolitics and dilemmas underpinning the negotiation of relief. Offering up-to-date examples from cases such as Kosovo and the Tsunami, or ongoing crises like Haiti, Libya, Darfur and Somalia, the contributors analyse the complexity of humanitarian diplomacy and the multiplicity of geographies and actors involved in it. By investigating the transformations that both diplomacy and humanitarianism are undergoing, the authors prompt us towards a critical and eclectic understanding of the dialectics of humanitarian space. Negotiating Relief aims to present humanitarianism not only as a relief delivery mechanism but also as a phenomenon in dialogue with both localised crises and global politics.Trade Review'This is a very valuable collection. Michele Acuto has sketched out a new way of looking at humanitarian diplomacy, and brought together an impressive array of humanitarian scholars to examine what it means for humanitarian action to take an ever larger place in local and international politics. An excellent one-stop shop for humanitarian students and professionals alike.' - Hugo Slim, Senior Research Fellow at the university of Oxford Institute for Ethics, and author of Killing Civilians: Method, Madness and Morality in War 'One of the most notable features of modern society is the internationalisation of the human conscience and one of the great advances of the last hundred years has been the universalisation of the human rights norm. What does this signify for public policy in local and international politics? What is the humanitarian community, who are the humanitarian actors, is there such a thing as humanitarian space, and how sacrosanct should it be? A stellar cast of authors is assembled in this impressive volume to guide us towards answers to these critical questions of contested humanitarianism in an increasingly congested global space.' - Ramesh Thakur, Professor, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, and Editor-in-Chief, Global Governance 'One of the many virtues of this book is to move beyond a sterile debate between advocates of a "pure" humanitarianism and those who regard this as a myth about a golden age that has never existed. This high level collective volume includes overviews, thematic essays and case studies by experts with differing perspectives. It amply demonstrates the editor's conclusions that the important theoretical and practical tasks are now to engage effectively in a complex field in which the basic frames, institutions and norms of humanitarian spaces are called into question. The volume will be a key work for both specialists and those seeking an informed introduction to the major issues.' - Michael Newman, Emeritus Professor of Politics and Jean Monnet Professor of European Studies, London Metropolitan University, and author of Humanitarian Intervention: Confronting the Colonies

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Book SynopsisFor close to sixty years Afghanistan was one of the largest recipients of foreign development aid and yet it remains one of the poorest countries on the planet. The Soviet Union pro- vided Afghanistan with large-scale economic and technical assistance for nearly twenty-five years before invading in 1979 and then in- creased the volume of assistance even further during the 1980s in an effort to prop up the government and undermine the anti-Soviet insurgency. None of this aid made any lasting difference to Afghan poverty. As in so many other countries, foreign aid did not promote economic growth. Using unexplored Russian sources, this book describes and analyses the economic and technical assistance programs run by the Soviet Union from the mid-1950s through to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and places them in the context of both Soviet-era development theories and more recent ideas about the role of institutions in fostering economic growth. In some respects Soviet development theorists were actually ahead of their contemporary Western counterparts in realising the centrality of institution-building, but they proved unable to translate their theories into practical solutions. The reasons why their assistance programs failed so completely in Afghanistan remain compellingly relevant today.Trade ReviewAiding Afghanistan demonstrates that the long Soviet civil involvement in Afghanistan was so much more coherent and extensive than our own, yet still it failed. In doing so the book asks tough questions about the whole concept of "intervention." The intelligent reader looking for reasons why things went awry in our own occupation could do no better than read it. Indeed there are lessons here for all of those engaged in so-called "stabilisation activities" wherever they are. -- Frank Ledwidge, author of Losing Small Wars: British Military Failure in Iraq and AfghanistanLittle attention has been paid either by Russian or foreign scholars to Soviet attempts to re-engineer the state and economy of Afghanistan both before and during the long war they fought in that country. This important and well-researched book goes a long way towards filling the gap. The authors judge that Soviet aid policy was well-intentioned. But it failed, for many of the reasons that Western aid policies are failing in Afghanistan and elsewhere. It is a bleak conclusion. -- Rodric Braithwaite, British Ambassador to Moscow 1988-1992, and author of Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979-1989A fresh look at a topic which was wildly mis-analysed during the cold war, this volume represents a balanced analysis of achievements and failures of Soviet aid to Afghanistan. The authors have something important to say concerning development aid more generally, based on shared problems between Soviet and western aid experiences. -- Antonio Giustozzi, author of Empires of Mud: Wars and Warlords in Afghanistan and editor of Decoding the New Taliban: Insights From the Afghan Field

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Book SynopsisWhile humanitarianism is unquestionably a fast-growing subject of practitioner and scholarly engagement, much discussion about it is predicated on a dangerous dichotomy between 'aid givers' and 'relief takers' that largely misrepresents the negotiated nature of the humanitarian enterprise. To highlight the tension between these relationships, this book focuses on the 'humanitarian spaces' and the dynamics of 'humanitarian diplomacy' (both 'local' and 'global') that sustain them. It gathers key voices to provide a critical analysis of international theory, geopolitics and dilemmas underpinning the negotiation of relief. Offering up-to-date examples from cases such as Kosovo and the Tsunami, or ongoing crises like Haiti, Libya, Darfur and Somalia, the contributors analyse the complexity of humanitarian diplomacy and the multiplicity of geographies and actors involved in it. By investigating the transformations that both diplomacy and humanitarianism are undergoing, the authors prompt us towards a critical and eclectic understanding of the dialectics of humanitarian space. Negotiating Relief aims to present humanitarianism not only as a relief delivery mechanism but also as a phenomenon in dialogue with both localised crises and global politics.Trade Review'This is a very valuable collection. Michele Acuto has sketched out a new way of looking at humanitarian diplomacy, and brought together an impressive array of humanitarian scholars to examine what it means for humanitarian action to take an ever larger place in local and international politics. An excellent one-stop shop for humanitarian students and professionals alike.' * Hugo Slim, Senior Research Fellow at the university of Oxford Institute for Ethics, and author of Killing Civilians: Method, Madness and Morality in War *'One of the most notable features of modern society is the internationalisation of the human conscience and one of the great advances of the last hundred years has been the universalisation of the human rights norm. What does this signify for public policy in local and international politics? What is the humanitarian community, who are the humanitarian actors, is there such a thing as humanitarian space, and how sacrosanct should it be? A stellar cast of authors is assembled in this impressive volume to guide us towards answers to these critical questions of contested humanitarianism in an increasingly congested global space.' * Ramesh Thakur, Professor, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, and Editor-in-Chief, Global Governance *'One of the many virtues of this book is to move beyond a sterile debate between advocates of a "pure" humanitarianism and those who regard this as a myth about a golden age that has never existed. This high level collective volume includes overviews, thematic essays and case studies by experts with differing perspectives. It amply demonstrates the editor's conclusions that the important theoretical and practical tasks are now to engage effectively in a complex field in which the basic frames, institutions and norms of humanitarian spaces are called into question. The volume will be a key work for both specialists and those seeking an informed introduction to the major issues.' * Michael Newman, Emeritus Professor of Politics and Jean Monnet Professor of European Studies, London Metropolitan University, and author of Humanitarian Intervention: Confronting the Colonies *

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Book SynopsisIn the first historical account of international NGOs, from the French Revolution to the present, Thomas Davies places the contemporary debate on transnational civil society in context. In contrast to the conventional wisdom, which sees transnational civil society as a recent development taking place along a linear trajectory, he explores the long history of international NGOs in terms of a cyclical process characterised by three major waves: the era to 1914, the inter-war years, and the period since the Second World War. The breadth of transnational civil society activities explored is unprecedented in its diversity, from business associations to humanitarian organisations, peace groups to socialist movements, feminist organisations to pan- nationalist groups. The geographical scope covered is also extensive, and the analysis is richly supported with reference to a diverse array of previously unexplored sources. By revealing the role of civil society rather than governmental actors in the major trans- formations of the past two-and-a-half centuries, this book is for anyone interested in obtaining a new perspective on world history. The analysis concludes in the second decade of the twenty-first century, providing insights into the trajectory of transnational civil society in the post-9/11 and post-financial crisis eras.Trade Review'Tom Davies has produced an important book. He brings the skills of an international historian to bear on some of the pressing questions of contemporary international politics. Davies has utilised an extraordinary range of sources to trace the emergence and development of international non-governmental organisations over time and in so doing he challenges many widely held views about the role and importance of these organisations. This book is essential reading for anyone concerned with the past, present and future of international NGOs.' * David Williams, School of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University London *'Thomas Davies' book is a game-changer in our understanding of the role of non-governmental organisations and civil society in international politics. Davies manages to present meticulous detail and scrupulous research in a highly readable book that confronts what we think we know about NGOs. The book not only demonstrates the complexities of NGO politics but shows the ability and limitations of such actors in shaping international affairs. There is so much in this book that it deserves to be read by all interested in international relations, politics, international development, history and sociology.' * Sophie Harman, Senior Lecturer in International Politics, Queen Mary University of London *'Thomas Davies has written a comprehensive and readable history of international non-governmental organizations and movements that is much needed. He rightly argues that transnational civil society has a long history (over two centuries) and is not only Western in origin. Based on primary sources and literature, this book is indispensable.' * Bob Reinalda, Radboud University Nijmegen *

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Book SynopsisThis volume is an historical survey of advisory and mentoring missions from the 1920s onwards, starting from the Soviet missions to the Kuomintang and ending with the mission to Iraq. It focuses on Afghanistan during the Soviet occupation and after 2001, but also deals with virtually every single advisory mission from the 1920s on-wards, whether involving 'Eastern Bloc' countries or Western ones. The sections on Afghanistan are based on new research, while the sections covering other cases of advisory/mentoring missions are based on the existing literature. The authors highlight how large scale missions have been particularly problematic, causing friction with the hosts and sometimes even undermining their legitimacy. Small missions staffed by more carefully selected cadres appear instead to have produced better results. Overall, the political context may well have been a more important factor in determining success or failure rather than aspects such as cultural misunderstandings.Trade Review'A wholly original look at how great powers try to mould their client states in their own image -- and so often fail. A must read for every serious student of how international relations really work.' * Sir Sherard Cowper-Coles, former British Ambassador to Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Afghanistan, and author of Cables from Kabul: The Inside Story of the West's Afghanistan Campaign *

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Book SynopsisSome 250,000 people died in the southern Somalia famine of 2011-12, which also displaced and destroyed the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands more. Yet this crisis had been predicted nearly a year earlier. The harshest drought in Somalia's recent history coincided with a global spike in food prices, hitting this arid, import-dependent country hard. The policies of Al-Shabaab, a militant Islamist group that controlled southern Somalia, exacerbated an already difficult situation, barring most humanitarian assistance, while donors counter-terrorism policies led to cuts and criminalized any aid falling into their hands. A major disaster resulted from the production and market failures precipitated by the drought and food price crisis, while the famine itself was the result of the failure to quickly respond to these events-and was thus largely human-made. This book analyses the famine: the trade-offs between competing policy priorities that led to it, the collective failure in response, and how those affected by it attempted to protect themselves and their livelihoods.It also examines the humanitarian response, including actors that had not previously been particularly visible in Somalia-from Turkey, the Middle East, and Islamic charities worldwide.Trade Review'Daniel Maxwell and Nisar Majid's exemplary account . . . shows in shocking detail how and why a needless disaster unfolded . . . sobering'.'The essential text on the largest, and most overlooked, famine of the 21st century.' -- Alex de Waal, Research Professor and Executive Director of the World Peace Foundation, Tufts University'For researchers, practicing humanitarians, or policy makers interested in understanding better what went into the making and unmaking of a 'complex humanitarian emergency' in Somalia, this book should be a required part of your reading list.' -- Africa at LSE'Famine in Somalia is a must read for anyone who is interested to learn more about how the humanitarian system's aversion to risk led to a collective failure to respond to the 2011-2012 famine in Somalia. This should become mandatory reading for anyone involved in humanitarian response.' -- Degan Ali, Executive Director, Adeso'Dan Maxwell and Nisar Majid are important commentators on Somalia. Their book is essential reading for those wishing to understand the root causes of an apparently intractable crisis and its more acute manifestations. Famine in Somalia is a must read for anyone wanting to understand contemporary Somalia and other similarly complex contexts which challenge us all.' -- Dr Sara Pantuliano, Head of the Humanitarian Policy Group, Overseas Development Institute (ODI)'Maxwell and Majid have penned haunting reflections on the long and lonely days of 2010 and 2011. The authors' dangerous journey and their penetrating analysis has unearthed compelling evidence of, indeed, a collective failure. They bravely cast light on competing policy imperatives in Somalia at that time, which in fact acted to undermine humanitarian action.' -- Abdullahi Khalif, food security expert and former (2010-2015) Somalia Country Representative for Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET)'Maxwell explores the response to the 2011 famine in Somalia, asking what worked and what could have been done better to assist those who bore the brunt. For those of us working to provide humanitarian and development assistance this book is a very important read.' -- Hannan Sulieman, Deputy Regional Director, UNICEF Middle East & North Africa'Part documentation, part critical interrogation, Famine in Somalia offers an authoritative account of the horrific 2001 Somali famine. The authors are to be congratulated for an accessible book that builds on multiple sources and represents a must-read for both practitioners and academics working on food security and East Africa.' -- Tobias Hagmann, Associate Professor in International Development, Roskilde University

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Book SynopsisThe current policy for climate change prioritises mitigation over adaptation. The collected papers of Climate Change as Environmental and Economic Hazard argue that although efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are still vital, the new policy paradigm should shift the priority to adaptation, with a special focus on disaster risk reduction. It should also consider climate change not purely as a hazard and a challenge, but as a window of opportunity to shift to a new sustainable development policy model, which stresses the particular importance of communities' resilience. The papers in this volume explore the key issues linked to this shift, including: ' Increasing research into the Earth Sciences, climate reconstruction and forecasting in order to decrease the degree of uncertainty about the origin, development and implications of climate change; ' The introduction of more binding and comprehensive regulation of both greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation measures, like that in the United Kingdom; ' Matching climate policy with that for disasters and mainstreaming it into overall development strategies. The volume is a valuable addition to previous climate change research and considers a new policy approach to this new global challenge. Table of Contents1. Managing Natural Disaster Risks in a Changing Climate 2. Strengthening Socio-ecological Resilience through Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation: Identifying Gaps in an Uncertain World 3. United States Hurricane Landfalls and Damages: Can One to Five Year Predictions Beat Climatology? 4. Building a Low-Carbon Economy: The Inaugural Report of the UK Committee on Climate Change 5. Responsibility Framing in a 'Climate Change Induced' Compounded Crisis: Facing Tragic Choices in the Murray-Darling Basin

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Book SynopsisBiofortification – the enrichment of staple food crops with essential micronutrients – has been heralded as a uniquely sustainable solution to the problem of micronutrient deficiency or 'hidden hunger'. Considerable attention and resources are being directed towards the biofortification of rice – the world's most important food crop. Through an in-depth analysis of international rice biofortification efforts across the US, Philippines and China, this book provides an important critique of such goal-oriented, top-down approaches. These approaches, the author argues, exemplify a model of global, 'public goods' science that is emerging within complex, international research networks. It provides vital lessons for those researching and making decisions about science and research policy, showing that if this model becomes entrenched, it is likely to channel resources towards the search for 'silver bullet' solutions at the expense of more incremental approaches that respond to locality, diversity and the complex and uncertain interactions between people and their environments. The author proposes a series of key changes to institutions and practices that might allow more context-responsive alternatives to emerge. These issues are particularly important now as increasing concerns over food security are leading donors and policy makers to commit to ambitious visions of 'impact at scale' – visions which may never become a reality and may preclude more effective pathways from being pursued. Published in association with the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). Trade Review'A deeply thought-provoking book, this study of biofortification in rice explores how and why public science so often irons out complex needs into a demand for pre-packaged solutions. Biofortification could yet become an exemplar of a different, boundary-crossing, socially-informed science for poverty alleviation. [This] book is essential reading for both critics and proponents of biotechnology in international development.' Paul Richards, Professor of Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 'A lucid analysis of the decision making in international agricultural research which emphasizes a technical, commercial approach. Malnutrition is far better tackled with a biodiversity approach that makes available local foods that can be eaten fresh and are free.' Suman Sahai, Convenor, Gene Campaign, New Delhi 'A deeply thought-provoking book, this study of biofortification in rice explores how and why public science so often irons out complex needs into a demand for pre-packaged solutions. Are the great private philanthropic foundations and the brilliant scientists they fund simply incapable of understanding the lives of the rural poor? The author prefers instead to make a case for deep institutional reform, offering space for new types of partnership. Biofortification could yet become an exemplar of a different, boundary-crossing, socially-informed science for poverty alleviation. Her book is essential reading for both critics and proponents of biotechnology in international development.' Paul Richards, Professor of Technology and Agrarian Development, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 'Rice Biofortification convincingly illustrates the tenacity of the top down linear research paradigm which unfortunately still dominates the international agricultural research agenda. How researchers can effectively work with local contexts is an important issue, which the author handles admirably.' Joachim Voss, independent research professional, and formerly Director General of the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia 'Rice Biofortification would be useful for both critics and proponents of biotechnology.' Greenteacher.org, CEE (Centre for Environment Education) 'A book for those formulating and appraising scientific research and its impact on social development.' New Agriculturalist 'The issues related to the organisation of public science and research highlighted in the book are very relevant in the context of the recent debates in India related to the commerical release of Bt Brinjal.' GreenTeacher.orgTable of ContentsIntroduction: Why Biofortification? 1. 'Old Lessons and New Paradigms': Locating Biofortification 2. Building the Argument: The Case of Iron Rice 3. An Institutional Model? The Case of Golden Rice 4. An Alliance around an Idea: The Shifting Boundaries of Harvestplus 5. Global Science, Public Goods? A Synthesis. Conclusion. References. Notes

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Book SynopsisAround the world, asbestos-related diseases are on the increase. Meanwhile, in many newly-industrializing and developing countries, asbestos use continues unabated. This book, based on anthropological fieldwork in the UK, India and South Africa, explores people's understandings of their illness, risk, compensation and regulation, contrasting these personal and community narratives with formal medical and legal understandings. Linda Waldman shows how the domination of medical and legal framings of risk and disease over those of workers, sufferers and activists can narrow the responses chosen by government. This provides important lessons for researchers, policy makers and regulators, demonstrating that opening up to alternative understandings can create more effective policy responses to move towards sustainability and social justice. Published in association with the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). Trade Review'Combining Anthropology with Science and Technology Studies, and providing case studies from India, South Africa and the UK, The Politics of Asbestos is passionately written, theoretically engaged and empirically rich. It deserves to be widely read.' Peter Newell, Professor of International Development, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom 'Writing in a clear and simple style, Linda Waldman sets out a fascinating narrative spanning three continents.' Usha Ramanathan, Independent law researcher, Delhi, India 'This engrossing book interweaves the global politics of science with the intimacies of identity and provides an innovative methodological model for exploring comparative case studies at a large scale.' Fiona Ross, Associate Professor of Social Anthropology, University of Cape Town, South Africa 'Through the different case studies, Linda Waldman draws out the intersecting, and at times, conflicting ways in which asbestos destroys, disempowers, galvanises, mobilises and even empowers people in pursuit of social justice, compensation and benefits.' Dinah Rajak, Lecturer in Anthropology, University of Sussex, United KingdomTable of Contents1. Introduction: The Problem of Asbestos 2. 'I've Got the Dust As Well': Asbestos Litigation, Pleural Plaques and Masculinity in the UK 3. Evaluating Science and Risk: Living with and Dying from Asbestos in South Africa 4. 'Show me the Evidence': Science and Risk in Indian Asbestos Issues 5. 'Through no Fault of Our Own': Asbestos Diseases in South Africa and the UK 6. Re-framing Risk: Comparative Framings of Asbestos and Disease 7. Conclusion: Diseased Identities and Social Justice

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Book SynopsisThe world's urban population now exceeds the world's rural population. What does this mean for the state of our cities, given the strain this global demographic shift is placing upon current urban infrastructures? Following on from previous State of the World's Cities reports, this edition uses the framework of 'The Urban Divide' to analyze the complex social, political, economic and cultural dynamics of urban environments. In particular, the book focuses on the concept of the 'right to the city' and ways in which many urban dwellers are excluded from the advantages of city life, using the framework to explore links among poverty, inequality, slum formation and economic growth. The volume will be essential reading for all professionals and policymakers in the field, as well as a valuable resource for researchers and students in all aspects of urban development. Published with UN-Habitat.Trade Review'It is compelling reading for all those who feel they have a right to the city, whether or not they are experts.' Urban WorldTable of ContentsPart 1: Urban Trends 1.1. Cross-Currents in Global Urbanization 1.2. The Wealth of Cities 1.3. Slum Dwellers: Proportions are Declining, but Numbers are Growing Part 2: The Urban Divide 2.1. The Urban Divide: Overview and Perspectives 2.2. The Economic Divide: Urban Income Inequalities 2.3. The Spatial Divide: Marginalization and its Outcomes 2.4. The Opportunity Divide: When the 'Urban Advantage' Eludes the Poor 2.5. The Social Divide: Impact on Bodies and Minds Part 3: Bridging the Urban Divide 3.1. Taking Forward the Right to the City 3.2. The Regional Dynamics of Inclusion 3.3. The Five Steps to an Inclusive City

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Book SynopsisBased on the 'soft path' approach to the energy sector, a transition is now under way to a soft path for water. This approach starts by ensuring that ecosystem needs for water are satisfied and then undertakes a radical approach to reducing human uses of water by economic and social incentives, including open decision-making, water markets and equitable pricing, and the application of super-efficient technology, all applied in ways that avoid jeopardizing quality of life. The soft path for water is therefore a management strategy that frees up water by curbing water waste. Making the Most of the Water We Have is the first to present and apply the water soft path approach. It has three aims: to bring to a wider audience the concept and the potential of water soft paths to demonstrate that soft path analysis is analytical and practical, and not just 'eco-dreaming' to indicate that soft paths are not only conceptually attractive but that they can be made economically and politically feasible. Includes a tool kit for planners and other practitioners. Published with POLIS Project and Friends of the EarthTrade Review'This book looks ahead to provide the context within which to consider our use and management of water as we enter an increasingly uncertain future.' Dr. David Suzuki, Professor Emeritus, University of British Columbia, author, broadcaster 'The book provides a timely review of how political economies worldwide have been introducing soft path approaches. It is immensely strengthened by authors who introduced the idea to the water sector and diffused it among water scientists, engineers and planners.' From the Foreword by Professor J A [Tony] Allan, King's College London and the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK 'It is the first book to present a comprehensive view of the soft path and focuses on water solutions, not just technologies but also analysis methods and governance. The importance of this book is its vision and attempt to persuade readers - stakeholders, educators, the media, NGOs, and water managers - to adhere to the soft path paradigm.' Water International 'Making the Most of the Water We Have lays out the key ingredients of a water soft path (WSP) in plain language. It makes its case with some really fine writing, especially in the first four chapters...The real achievement of this book is that it offers details regarding soft path water planning possibilities for rich nations and poor nations alike.' Robert Paehlke, Critical Policy StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Why a Water Soft Path, and Why Now Part 1: Water Soft Paths as Human Vision 2. Avoiding the Perfect Storm: Weathering Climate Change by Following its Effects on Water Resources 3. In the Beginning: Soft Energy Paths 4. Getting it Right: Misconceptions About the Soft Path 5. Practising Ecological Governance: The Case for the Soft Path for Water 6. Water Policy in Canada: Changing Course for the Soft Path Part 2: Water Soft Paths as Analytical Method 7. Getting Quantitative: The Canadian Water Soft Path Studies 8. Turning Principles into Practice: The WSP Scenario Builder 9. Thinking Beyond Pipes and Pumps: Water Soft Paths at the Urban Scale 10. WSP Analysis at a Watershed Scale 11. WSP Analysis at a Provincial Scale Part 3: Water Soft Paths as Planning Tool 12. Removing Institutional Barriers to Water Soft Paths: - Challenges and Opportunities 13. Pushing the Boundaries: Shifting Water Soft Paths Philosophy towards Hard Policy in Municipal Water Management 14. Green Buildings and Urban Space 15. Water Soft Path Thinking in the United States 16. Water Soft Path Thinking in Other Developed Economies – A. England B. The European Union C. Australia 17. Water Soft Path Thinking in Developing Countries – A. South Africa B. India C. Middle East and North Africa. Conclusion 18. A Water Future Different from the Past. Annex: How to Create A Soft Path Plan For Water. Index

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Book SynopsisThis book tells the story of development studies in practice over the last fifty years through the work of one remarkable individual, Robert Chambers. His work has taken him from being a colonial officer in Kenya through training and managing large rural development projects to a fundamental critique of top-down development and the championing of participatory approaches. The contributors eloquently demonstrate how he has been at the centre of major shifts in development thinking and practice over this period, popularising terms that are now at the centre of the development lexicon such as vulnerability, multi-dimensional poverty, sustainable livelihoods and 'farmer first'. Robert Chambers played a major role in the massive growth in participatory approaches to development, and particularly the application of participatory methods in development research and appraisal. This has led to fundamental challenges to development practice, ranging from approaches to monitoring and evaluation to institutional learning and professional training. There is probably no-one who has had more influence on approaches to development in the past decades. Revolutionizing Development offers a unique overview of these contributions in thirty-two concise chapters from authors who have been intimately involved as collaborators, critics and colleagues of Robert Chambers.Trade Review'A powerful influence on development doing and thinking, Robert Chambers provokes us to focus on what doesn't fit our neat categories, reversing our normal assumptions. He has transformed attitudes and behaviours through impelling us to reflect on how we work and what we do. This wonderful collection of perspectives on Robert's life and work reminds us how much a single person can do by being confident, pragmatic and willing to take risks.' Dr Camilla Toulmin, Director, International Institute for Environment and Development, London 'Robert Chambers has been an ardent advocate of a livelihood approach to development, a testimony to his holistic vision of sustainable human security and happiness. This book captures the essence of his many original contributions during the last fifty years. Through the 'farmer first ' approach he has shown the pathway for linking ecology, economics, equity and employment in a mutually reinforcing manner leading to food for all and forever.' Professor M S Swaminathan, Chairman, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation, Member of Indian Parliament (Rajya Sabha); and Chair, High Level Panel of Experts of the Committee on World Food Security of the UN Food and Agriculture OrganisationTable of ContentsNotes on Contributors. Acknowledgements. Acronyms. Robert Chambers. Putting the Last First: Reflections on the Work of Robert Chambers. Conceptualising Development. Challenging Development Priorities. Beginners in Africa: Managing Rural Development. The Path from Managerialism to Participation: The Kenyan Special Rural Development Programme. Foxes and Hedgehogs – and Lions: Whose Reality Prevails? Participation in International Aid. Power and Participation. Reframing Development. Rural Development, Poverty and Livelihoods – Exploring Sustainable Livelihoods. Putting the Vulnerable First. Seasonality: Uncovering the Obvious and Implementing the Complex. Refugee Studies. Farmer First: Reversals for Agricultural Research. Agricultural Development: Parsimonious Paradigms. In Search of a Water Revolution: Canal Irrigation Management. The Last Frontier: The Groundwater Revolution in South Asia. Trees as Assets: Legacies and Lessons. Finding a Sustainable Sanitation Solution: Scaling up Community-Led Total Sanitation. Technology and Markets. Methodological Innovations Village Studies. Whose Knowledge Counts? Tales of an Eclectic Participatory Pluralist. Learning to Unlearn: Creating a Virtuous Learning Cycle. The Use of Participatory Methods to Study Natural Resources. Participatory Numbers. Practising Development: New Professionalism. The Personal and the Political. International Poverty Professionals and Poverty. Changing Attitudes and Behaviour. Networking: Building a Global Movement for PRA and other Participatory Methods. Institutional Learning and Change. Participation, Learning and Accountability: The Role of the Activist Academic. Development Professionalism. Appreciation and Reflections. Appendix. List of Robert Chambers' Publications. References. Index

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Book SynopsisOver the last two years, Worldwatch's Nourishing the Planet team has travelled to 25 sub-Saharan African nations - the places where hunger is greatest - and uncovered a treasure trove of innovations from farmers groups, private voluntary organizations, universities, and even agribusiness companies. These innovations offer global benefits - from the continent's role in preventing disastrous climate change to the way urban farmers are feeding people in cities and why even determined locavores are sustained by the crop diversity preserved by farmers thousands of miles away. This book assesses the state of agricultural innovations from cropping methods to irrigation technology to agricultural policy with an emphasis on sustainability, diversity, and ecosystem health in the hope of guiding governments, foundations, and concerned citizens in their efforts to eradicate hunger and poverty. Published annually in 28 languages, State of the World is long established as the most authoritative and accessible annual guide to our progress towards a sustainable future. It is relied upon by national governments, UN agencies, development workers and law-makers for its up-to-the-minute analysis and information.Trade Review'The most authoritative guide to the state of the planet.' The Guardian.Table of ContentsPreface 1. Charting a New Path to Eliminating Hunger 2. Moving Ecoagriculture into the Mainstream 3. The Nutritional and Economic Potential of Vegetables 4. Getting More Crop per Drop From the Field: Rainwater Harvesting 5. Farmers Take the Lead in Research and Development 6. Africa's Soil Fertility Crisis and the Coming Famine 7. Safeguarding Local Food Biodiversity 8. Coping with Climate Change and Building Resilience An Agnostic Approach to Climate Adaptation Investing in Trees to Mitigate Climate Change The Climate Crisis on Our Plates 9. Post-Harvest Losses: A Neglected Field 10. Feeding the Cities 11. Harnessing the Knowledge and Skills of Women Farmers 12. Investing in Africa's Land: Crisis and Opportunity 13. The Missing Links: Going Beyond Production 14. Improving Food Production from Livestock 15. A Road Map for Nourishing the Planet

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Book SynopsisAs governments around the globe begin to wake up to the far reaching effects of changes in climate, the search for available options and instruments for addressing the issue becomes increasingly vital. This authoritative, step-by-step guide to the assessment of the impacts from, and potential adaptations to, changes of climate is based on the approach developed by the authors and other scientists for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This approach has been widely adopted as 'best practice' by experienced researchers but has not, until now, been available in an accessible form. This illuminating account of the methods used by the IPCC scientists will be essential for all those involved in the study of climate impacts and adaptations, or designing and implementing policies for dealing with them. Written in non-technical language, this state-of-the-art guide is ideal for all people interested in the far-reaching implications of climate change and the greenhouse effect. The book contains numerous illustrations, including several worked examples, clearly presented in boxes and diagrams.Table of ContentsIntroduction * Understanding and Predicting Climate Change * Climate Impact Assessment: Developing the Method * The First Step: Defining the Problem * The Second Step: Selecting the Method * The Third Step: Testing the Method * The Fourth Step: Developing the Scenarios The Fifth step: Assessing the Impacts * The Sixth and Seventh Steps: Evaluating Adaptive Responses * Conclusions: Organizing the Research and Communicating Results * Appendix 1:Summary and Main Features of Integrated Assessment Models * Appendix 2: Some International Data Sources of Interest in Climate-Impact Assessment Studies * References and Notes * Index

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Book SynopsisSustainable development cannot be achieved solely at the international level. Without the creation of more sustainable livelihoods, it will remain a utopian and elusive goal. Yet given the huge differences in economic development and levels of consumption between North and South, how might this bebrought about?Taking the 1992 Rio Summit as its point of departure, Wasted examines what we now need to know, and what we need to do, to live within sustainable limits. One of the key issues is how we use the environment: converting natural resources into human artifices, commodities and services. In the process of consuming,we also create sinks. Today, these sinks - the empty back pocket in the global biogeographical system - are no longer empty. The fate of the global environment is indissolubly linked to our consumption: particularly in the energy-profligate North.To understand and overcome environmental challenges, we need to build the outcomes of our present consumption rates into our future behaviour: to accept sustainable development as a normative goal for societies; one that is bound up with our everyday social practices and actions. In this absorbing book, Michael Redclift argues that the way we understand and think about the environn1ent conditions our responses, and our ability to meet the challenge, and discusses tangible policies for increased sustainability that are grounded in recent research and practice.MICHAEL RedcliftIs Professor of International Environmental Policy at the Department of Geography, King's College London. He was previously Professor of International Environmental Policy at the University of Keele and before that Professor of Environmental Sociology at Wye College, University of London, and Director of the ESRC Global Environmental Change Programme. He is author and editor of numerous books, including Sustainable Development: Exploring the Contradictions (1987), Social Theory and the Global Environment (1994) and Sustainability: Life Chances and Lifestyles (1999).Originally published in 1996Table of ContentsAcknowledgments List ofFiguresList of TablesChapter One: Introduction Consumption and the Environment How can we 'Recover Consumption'? Chapter Two: The Earth Summit International Environmental Policy: the Road From Stockholm Counsel of Despair: International Environmental Problems in the 1980s UNCED: the Road to Rio The UNCED Deliberations: Conventions and a New Agenda In the Wake of Rio: International Finance and Political Devolution Global Environmental Management: a Realist Perspective From Science to Policy: Environmental Management and the UNCED Process Making sense of the Environment/Development Debate Chapter Three: Meeting Environmental Targets Global Environmental Change The Laws of Thermodynamics The Effect of Human Evolution on Natural Systems Sustainable Development Sustainability Indicators Chapter Four: The Global Economy and Consumption The Hydrocarbon Society and Energy Consumption The New International Economic Order Energy Consumption and the Generation of Waste Recovering Consumption: the Political Economy of Wastes Chapter Five: Managing Global Resources European Energy Policy and Global Change Sustainable Energy Policies for the Brazilian Amazon Chapter Six: Metabolising Nature Global Environmental Management The 'Empty' and 'Full' World System: a Point of Departure How we Measure Environmental Quality: the Costs of Consumption Democratic Control of the Environment The Standard of Living or the Quality of Life? Global Carbon Budgets The Social Functions of Sinks Chapter Seven: Sustainability and Social Commitments Environmental Discourse and Environmental Management How we Metabolise Nature Embodiment and Distanciation Chapter Eight: Local Environmental Action Creating Sustainable Employment: LETS Schemes Beyond Recycling: Recovering our Control over Waste Farmers' Networks References Index

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Book SynopsisThe sixth annual guide to the environmental, economic and social trends which are shaping the future, this text presents the good news, the bad news, and a few surprises about the state of our planet. n Part One, facing pages of text and graphs provide information on 40 carefully selected indicators, mapping changes in food supplies; agriculture; the atmosphere, energy and transport; natural resources; the global economy; society and health; and the millitary. Part Two of the text contains special features on less celebrated trends, including ten new vital signs indicators such as violence against women, how the environment impacts on the insurance industry, and the proliferation of landmines.Table of Contentschapterover Overview, Lester R. Brown; Part 1 Key Indicators; Chapter 1 Food Trends; Chapter 2 Agricultural Resource Trends; Chapter 3 Energy Trends; Chapter 4 Atmospheric Trends; Chapter 5 Economic Trends; Chapter 6 Transportation Trends; Chapter 7 Social Trends; Chapter 8 Military Trends; Part 2 Special Features; Chapter 9 Enviromental Features; Chapter 10 Economic Features; Chapter 11 Social Features;

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Book Synopsis'This book is valuable for and beyond the international development industry. It deftly leads a non-specialist through the maze of ideas and arguments plaguing the concept of civil society, and critically examines how and what happens, when the international aid system tries to turn confusing and complex political theory into effective development policy and practice fitting the individual preconditions and historical trajectories of the worlds varied nations. The comparative evidence, analysis and recommendations on offer are essential reading for anyone attempting to understand or ''build'' someone else's - as well as their own - civil society, especially when justifying the use of tax payers' money to do so.' ALAN FOWLER, CO-FOUNDER, INTRAC 'This book will be really useful to numerous readers, 011 a subject becoming ever more topical in the world of development and beyond. It puts order into the deeply confused debate about civil society, describes what the aid donors are doing to pursue their new goals, offers four penetrating case studies, and concludes with sensible suggestions for future policy. The authors have made a practical and lucid assessment of the huge civil society literature; they have also contributed valuably to it, and deserve to he listened to.' PROFESSOR ROBERT CASSEN, LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS Northern governments and NGOs are increasingly convinced that civil society will enable people in developing countries to escape the poverty trap. Civil Society and the Aid Industry, the product of extensive research by the prestigious North-South Institute in Canada, makes a critical appraisal of this new emphasis in the aid industry. It explores the roles of Northern governmental, multilateral and non-governmental agencies in supporting civil society, presenting in-depth case studies of projects in Peru, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Hungary, and gives detailed policy recommendations intended to improve the effectiveness and appropriateness of future projects. Originally published in 1998Table of ContentsAcknowledgements About the Research Team The Editor The Authors The Advisors Acronyms List of Figures, Tables and Boxes Introduction: All Roads Lead to Rome Alison Van Rooy Why Bother About Civil Society? Origins 1. Civil Society as Idea: An Analytical Hatstand? Alison Van Rooy What is Civil Society? Keeping Analysis Separate from Hope 2. Out of the Ivory Tower: Civil Society and the Aid System Alison Van Rooy and Mark Robinson What is Civil Society Supposed to Do? What is the Aid System Doing? What Next? 3. Hungary: Civil Society in the Post-Socialist World Ferenc Miszlivetz and Katalin Ertsey The Metamorphosis of Civil Society Mapping Donor Interventions: Do they Matter in the Big Picture? 4. Sri Lanka: Civil Society, the Nation and the State-building Challenge Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Mapping Civil Society Mapping Donors Civil Society and the Aid Industry Conclusion 5. Kenya: The State, Donors and the Politics of Democratization Wachira Maina Civil Society in Africa Civil Society and the State in Kenya Today Donor Support for Civil Society Reconstructing the State, Donor and Civil Society Relationships 6. Peru: Civil Society and the Autocratic Challenge Pepi Patron Mapping Civil Society in Peru Mapping Northern Donor Intervention Ideas About Power Relationships 7. The Art of Strengthening Civil Society Alison Van Rooy What We Found Theory The Aid Industry 'Strengthening' Civil Society The Impact on Donors Bibliography Index

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