Development economics Books

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Book SynopsisThis book analyses the effects of technological development, innovation, entrepreneurship and governance in middle income countries, such as Turkey, in detail. How to best practise innovation and entrepreneurship, which many researchers and policy makers believe to be the main drivers of economic growth and development, has become a fiercely-debated topic. The contributors to this volume consider economic, social and institutional dimensions of innovative thinking, entrepreneurial activity and governance, and investigate both theoretically and empirically how these factors should contribute to the uptake of new technology and the global performance of middle income countries. By offering country specific examples, and by comparing high income and middle income countries, this edited collection presents a comprehensive analysis of innovation, entrepreneurial growth and development outside the vacuum of high income economies, which has traditionally received substantially more scholarly attention.Table of ContentsChapter 1: IntroductionSefer Şener and Stefan SchepersChapter 2: Innovation Ecosystem Development: A Necessary Instrument to Escape the Mid-Income TrapStefan SchepersChapter 3: Is Innovation Conducive to Economic Growth? The Case of Central and Eastern European CountriesSefer Şener and Çiğdem Börke TunaliChapter 4: On the Dynamic Function of Innovative Entrepreneurship in Evolutionary Economics For Middle Income CountriesSefer Şener and Volkan HacioğluChapter 5: Collaborative Governance: Working Through Misaligned InterestsNada Kakabadse and Andrew KakabadseChapter 6: Entrepreneurship and Ethics: Examples of Social Entrepreneurship in Turkey and Selected Middle Income CountriesSelva Staub and Zeliha TekinChapter 7: An Empirical Analysis of the Macroeconomic Dynamics of InnovationÇiğdem Börke TunaliChapter 8: The Importance of Innovation and Innovation in SMEs: The Turkey ExperienceKadir TunaChapter 9: A Design of Innovative School: Learning School, Educational Leadership and School DevelopmentHanifi ParlarChapter 10: Effects of Innovation and Financial Performance on Companies in Middle Income European CountriesMustafa YurttadurChapter 11: SWOT Analysis of the Turkish Economy in the Context of Innovativeness with the Eye of the Business World, Academics, and Government Executives: A Comparative Analysis of Middle Income Countries in Terms of their Innovation CapacitiesSedat Murat, Ali Akdemir, Kadir Tuna, Volkan Hacıoğlu, Selva Staub

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Book SynopsisThe complex challenge of economic recovery and reconstruction in the Balkans is looked at in this book. The Balkan Stability Pact stands for a networked approach of international organizations to deal with these problems. This analysis critically looks into strategies, actors, and preliminary results. There are shortcomings and inconsistencies and there is some potential for transatlantic conflicts over the issue of burden sharing. There is also a risk of EU imperial overstretch facing eastern and south-eastern EU enlargement.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. The End of the Kosovo War.- 2.1 Western European Problems at the Beginning of the 21st Century.- 2.2 Eastern Enlargement of NATO and the Stability Pact.- 3. Initial Situation and Post-Kosovo War Problems.- 3.1 Legacy of the Socialist Past and Basic Data.- 3.2 The Stability Pact and the Stabilization and Association Process.- 3.3 Strategic Economic Issues.- 3.4 Donor Financing.- 3.5 Special Case of Yugoslavia.- 3.6 The Problem of Economic Catching-up.- Appendix : Growth and Convergence in Open Economies.- 4. Stabilization of the Balkans: Stability Pact, Actors and Programs.- 4.1 International Actors: EBRD, World Bank, IMF.- 4.2 The European Union.- 4.3 Criticism of the European Union.- 4.4 Selected National Actors: The United States and Germany.- 5. Trade, Integration and Cooperation.- 5.1 Expanding the Existing Trade Network.- 5.2 Splitting-Up, Shadow Economic Growth, Integration and Globalization.- 5.3 Prospects for Economic Convergence.- 5.4 Transatlantic Cooperation and Policy Options.- 5.5 Forced EU Entry and EU Integration Overstretch.- 5.6 Potential Reforms.- 5.7 Big Business and International Organizations.- 6. Conclusions and Strategic EU Reform Perspectives.- 6.1 Basic Conclusions.- 6.2 Foreign Policy Dominating the Treasury.- 6.3 Improving Cooperation Among Actors in the Stability Pact.- 6.4 Problems in Transatlantic Cooperation.- 6.5 Euro Aspects of Eastern and Southeastern Enlargement.- 6.6 Long-Term Perspectives.- Appendix 1: Trade Structure in the Balkans — The Role of the EU and US.- Appendix 2: German Contribution to the Stability Pact.- Appendix 3: Experiences with Coordination from Bosnia-Herzegovina.- Appendix 4: Yugoslavia (Serbia / Montenegro).- Appendix 5 US Dollar Gross Wage Rates in Selected Transition Countries.- Appendix 6: Theoretical Aspects of the Growth of the Shadow Economy.- Appendix 7: International Financial Loans, Infrastructure Investment and Growth.- Appendix 8: IMF Status of Fund Relations with the Region.- Appendix 9: Progress Report on the Implementation of the Quick Start Package (QSP).- References.- List of Tables.- List of Figures.

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Book SynopsisNew knowledge, created in international cooperation, is essential for global sustainability. Set against this background, this study focuses on German science policy for research cooperation with developing countries and emerging economies in sustainability research. Based on interviews with policy makers and researchers, the book scrutinizes the actors, processes and contents of science policy in Germany. The author argues that science policy mainly aims at German economic benefits and technology development. This, however, negatively influences global sustainability. To counter existing path dependencies, the author provides recommendations for sustainability-oriented scientific practice and science policy.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Science in the context of sustainable development; Discourse analysis in a policy setting; Research design and methodology; Public funding for international research cooperation in Germany; Practices of policy production between structural frames, strategies and spaces of agency; Friends and foes in science policy; The heart of German science policy -- and its green lungs; Objectives and expectations of the IWRM and Megacities funding initiatives; Policy effects -- coining realities; Conclusions; Appendices; Bibliography.

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Book SynopsisFinancial inclusion and financial education are becoming increasingly recognized as key requirements for sustainable and inclusive growth, and have been recognized as such by international fora such the Group of Twenty (G20) and the OECD. However, countries in Central Asia and the South Caucasus region have generally lagged in this area. Aside from Kazakhstan, the levels of financial inclusion are substantially below the average level of developing economies. Moreover, there has been little study of the determinants of and barriers to the development of financial inclusion and financial literacy in this region.In this study, prominent scholars in each country examine recent trends in financial inclusion in seven countries—Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan—for both individuals and small and medium-sized firms (SMEs); institutional and regulatory barriers to the expansion of financial inclusion; and policy options to support greater financial inclusion while maintaining financial stability. The book also examines issues related to the assessment of financial literacy and promotion of financial education to support greater financial inclusion in the region.One prominent feature of the region is the relatively slow uptake of innovative financial technologies that could promote financial inclusion such as mobile phone banking, crowd funding and peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platforms. This book examines the barriers to such development, as recommends policies to facilitate the introduction of such technologies.

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Book SynopsisThrough time use surveys, this report breaks down the ways in which women contribute to the rural economy in Tajikistan through their paid and unpaid work.Gender equality is guaranteed in the legal and policy framework in Tajikistan, but its implementation faces challenges, especially in rural areas. Through time use surveys, this report breaks down the ways in which women contribute to the rural economy through their paid and unpaid work. Analyzing the impact of gendered roles in care and domestic work, as well as in work outside the household, this report calls for increased public investment to address welfare needs including in universally accessible, high-quality care services, and cash transfers to women. The report emphasizes the need to relax constraints on women's time and improve their access to the labor market.

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Book SynopsisAlternative strategies of economic development have received little attention in the literature. Academics rarely compare certain strategic features or assess the performance of different strategies in terms of outcomes. This book seeks to address that gap and to provide a theoretical background to the shift from industry to human capital-intensive services as the engine of economic growth. Pioneering studies reveal interesting trends and patterns that point to the growing importance of intangible capital for the level of GDP. They also indicate a much greater role of economic freedom in bringing about this second great structural change than was the case with industrialization. With this perspective on structural change and the role of freedom, Shortcut or Piecemeal also provides an extensive assessment of four key developing countries: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Subjects: 1. Central planning—History. 2. Economic development—HistoryTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I: Developmental Strategies Pursued over the Past Century Chapter 1: Centrally Planned and Administered Economy and Steep Ascent Strategy: A Complete Failure Chapter 2: Development Economics-based Strategy in Less Developed Countries: An Incomplete Failure Chapter 3: A Shift Toward Better Understood (and Appreciated) Classical Economic Prescriptions: An Incomplete Success Part II: Transformations of Output Structure in the Process of Economic Development Chapter 4: Industrialization: The First Major Phase of Structural Transformation Chapter 5: The Shift to Human Capital-intensive Market Services: The Second Major Phase of Structural Transformation Part III: Applying the Conclusions: BRIC Countries’ Developmental Strategies Chapter 6: Russia and China: Some Historical as well as Performance Similarities (up to a Point…) Chapter 7: India and Brazil: Two “Great Potentials” Postscript: On Choosing Inefficient Institutions

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Book SynopsisThis book introduces readers to the concept and theories of decent work and provides a framework for measuring it at the micro, meso and macro level in a given country. Further, it addresses the importance of measuring decent work in today’s world and in connection with the different challenges countries face depending on their respective stage of development. The essence of the book lies in highlighting the practical applications of decent work in terms of its ability to deliver empirical measurements of qualitative and subjective phenomena with a mixed-methods approach combining tools and techniques from economics and statistics. Moreover, as the applicability of decent work is not confined to the IT industry and formal sectors of the economy, the book also provides useful guidelines on how further empirical studies can be undertaken to measure decent work in non-IT industries. As such, the book offers a rich compilation of empirical and theoretical contributions on decent work designed to not only enrich readers’ understanding, but also promote awareness of the practical relevance and technical aspects of the subject matter.Table of ContentsPART I. CONCEPT AND THEORY.- Chapter 1. Perspectives on Work.- Chapter 2. Concept and Theoretical Framework of Decent work.- Chapter 3. Decent Work agenda and ILO.- Chapter 4. Decent work, stages of development and Industry growth.- PART II MEASUREMENT, APPLICABILITY AND RELEVANCE. Chapter 5. Indicators of Decent work at Macro level.- Chapter 6. Indicators of Decent work at Meso Level and Micro Level.- Chapter 7. Country specific new Indicators of Decent Work - India.- Chapter 8. Challenges and Trade-offs in Decent work provision.- PART III EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF DECENT WORK.- SECTION A: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY.- Chapter 9. Global Information Economy and Information Technology.- Chapter 10. India’ IT Industry: Historical Review and recent trends.- Chapter 11. New Trends at the workplace.- Chapter 12. Economics of IT industry.- Chapter 13. Characteristics of IT Industry’s labour market.- Chapter 14. Decent Ergonomics: Meaning and importance.- Chapter 15. Job- Hopping, On-the-job search, recruitment practices and Decent Work.- Chapter 16. IT industry: The Road Ahead.- SECTION B: EMPIRICAL REVIEW OF IT INDUSTRY.- Chapter 17. Recent Literature on IT industry and Measurement of Decent work.- PAR IV. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF DECENT WORK.- SECTION A: MEASUREMENT OF DECENT WORK.- Chapter 18. Research Methodology and sample.- Chapter 19. Adequacy of earnings, productive employment and Decent work.- Chapter 20. Decent, Stable and Secure work: A myth or a reality in IT industry?.- Chapter 21. Is work in IT industry really flexible?.- Chapter 22. Decent work and safe work.- Chapter 23. Decent work and Work-life balance.- Chapter 24. Employment conditions, treatment to employees and Fair treatment for employees.- Chapter 25. Social security, dialogue and Decent work.- Chapter 26. Decent work and Complacent work.- Chapter 27. Composite Decent work Index at Micro level.- Chapter 28. Decent Work status at Meso level.- SECTION B: DECENT WORK: ANALYTICAL APPROACH.- Chapter 29. Chi-square Approach and Decent work categorisation.- Chapter 30. Correlational Analysis of Decent Work Indicators.- Chapter 31. Factor-Analysis and PCA Analysis of Decent Work Indicators.- Chapter 32. Multinomial Logistic Regression Approach.- PART V. METHODOLOGICAL PRESCRIPTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH.- Chapter 33. Discussion and Conclusion.- Chapter 34. Methodological Prescriptions for Future Research.

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Book SynopsisRegional Economics: Fundamental Concepts, Policies, and Institutions is a unique and unconventional economics textbook which emphasizes the role of 'space' in economics and highlights the importance of non-economic factors particularly the role of institutions in regional development. It also presents the approach on how to evaluate regional development performance based on economic, social, and environmental considerations, which is the organizing principle for meeting people-oriented development and sustainable development goals. Other essential concepts such as 'regional science' and 'spatial economics' are also explored in this book.Why activities tend to be spatially concentrated and can get more intensified despite efforts to disperse them toward other regions? Why infrastructure development intended to increase activities and improve the population's welfare can produce the opposite outcome of greater interregional inequality? What is the role of regional and national policies in affecting growth incentives, and how non-economic factors such as institutions and the quality of local leaders can make a difference in welfare achievement? Addressing these questions allows readers to better understand the various phenomena in the actual development process.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book focuses on the issue of sustainability standards from the perspective of both global governance frameworks and emerging economies. It stems from the recognition that the accelerated pace of economic globalization has generated production and consumption patterns that are generating sustainability concerns. Sustainability standards (and regulations) are increasingly being used in a bid to make global consumption and production more sustainable. Given the dense inter-connectedness of economic affairs globally, the use of sustainability standards has become a concern of global governance, who face the challenge of achieving a balance between the use of standards for genuine sustainability objectives, and not allowing them to turn into instruments of protectionism or coercion.The emerging economies, given their increasing engagement with the global economy, are most impacted by the use of sustainability standards. The emphasis of ‘emerging economies’ in this book is retained both by using case studies from these economies and by collating perceptions and assessments of those located in these economies. The case studies included span sectors such as palm oil, forestry, food quality, vehicular emissions and water standards, and address the problems unique to the emerging economies, including capacity building for compliance with standards, adapting international standards in domestic contexts and addressing the exclusion of small and medium enterprises etc. Complex interfaces and dynamics of a global nature are not limited to the thematic of this book but also extend to the process through which it was written. This book brings together insights from developed as well as emerging economies (Germany, India, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia, Pakistan, Mexico and China). It also brings together scholars and practitioners to jointly ponder upon the conceptual aspects of the global frameworks for sustainability standards. This book is a very useful resource for researchers and practitioners alike, and provides valuable insights for policy makers as well. Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Part I – Global Governance Frameworks for Sustainability Standards.- Chapter 2. Transformative impacts? Exploring the link between voluntary sustainability standards and the Sustainable Development Goals.- Chapter 3. Assessing the role of the World Trade Organization in regulating the use of standards in international trade.- Chapter 4. Towards greening trade? Environmental provisions in emerging markets’ preferential trade agreements.- Chapter 5. The CSR interface between the private sector and social and environmental standards and regulations.- Chapter 6. Advances in sustainability reporting: What is missing?.- Chapter 7. The impact of global labour standards on export performance.- Part II – Sustainability Standards in Sectoral and Country Contexts.- Chapter 8. The changing landscape of sustainability standards in Indonesia: Potentials and pitfalls of making global value chains more sustainable.- Chapter 9. The Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC) and its contribution to sustainable forest management in Indonesia.- Chapter 10. Emerging international environmental standards and trade: Sectoral implications for Pakistan.- Chapter 11. Global and national food safety and quality standards: Implications and impacts for farmers in Thailand and India.- Chapter 12. Making local work for the global best: A comparative study on vehicle efficiency standards implementation in China and Mexico.- Chapter 13. Standard-setting in water use and sustainable development: A comparative critical analysis of grey water recycling in the tourism sector.- Chapter 14. Conclusions and policy recommendations.

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Book SynopsisThe main purpose of this book is to expose economics graduate students and researchers to the most significant development in international trade that has taken place in the recent past. Service transactions now make up a sizeable portion of global trade. Trade in both final and intermediate inputs is done virtually through information and communication networks, raising afresh the question of the basis of trade and calling for in-depth investigation. This book succinctly comes up with a relatively new explanation for the basis of trade, thus it adds a new dimension to three existing building blocks: technology, endowment, and returns to scale. Against a backdrop of standard Ricardian and Heckscher–Ohlin competitive models of trade, the chapters of this book nicely introduce the issue of communication cost and the difference in time zones between two trading nations. Then follow many intricate phenomena such as informality, skill formation, growth, wage inequality, and decisions regarding foreign direct investment (FDI). However, imperfectly competitive models are not dealt with in great detail as they deserve more space than can be allotted to them here. Given the nonexistence of any research-oriented in-depth analyses of competitive trade models with time-zone differences, this book is a valuable addition to the resources available to researchers and policymakers interested in deciphering recent developments in global trade patterns and the subsequent welfare effect.Trade Review“This book is a very important contribution, which successfully and elegantly introduces and establishes time as a new dimension for trade. … An outstanding and attractive feature of the book is extremely well written (to the point) chapters with chapter specific reference and appendices at the end of the chapters … . The book would be of immense value for policy makers, researchers and students alike.” (Suryaprakash Mishra, Journal of Quantitative Economics, Vol. 20, 2022)“This book should find place in every shelves of academic institutions where researchers can get foods for thoughts and generate more fruitful research topics. … This book will show the reader how to tread the path in the right direction … . M-M-N ignited the lamp by providing the theoretical mechanism couched in a lucid framework, and should be congratulated for this magnum opus demarcating a clear path away from orthodoxy.” (Gouranga G. Das, Journal of Economics, Vol. 136 (2), July, 2022)“This excellent book is very timely. … In addition to being an excellent source for role of time in international trade, this book provides a great toolkit that may be used in future research to answer various research questions that deal with the role of time in the trade.” (Reza Oladi, Indian Economic Review, Vol. 55, 2020)Table of ContentsPart I Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Trade and Time Zones – What We Know Part II : The Time and The Pattern of Trade Chapter 3: Time Zone Differences and Comparative Advantage in Ricardian Model Chapter 4: Time Zone Differences and Trade in Heckscher-Ohlin Setup Chapter 5: Time Zone Differences and Monopolistically Competitive Model Chapter 6: Distance, Production, and Virtual Trade Part III: Trade, Growth and Inequality Chapter 7: Time Zone Differences induced Growth Chapter 8: Separated Time Zone Induced Growth through Virtual Trade Chapter 9: Virtual Labor Mobility and its Distributional and Allocative Impacts Chapter 10: Time Zone Differences, Service Trade and Implications for Factor Prices Part IV: Firm Heterogeneity, FDI and Financial Capital Chapter 11: FDI and Skill Formation in Context of Time Zone Differences Induced Trade Chapter 12: Time Zone Differences, Information Communication Technology, and Mobility of Financial Capital Chapter 13: Role of FDI and Time Zone Differences in The Presence of Heterogeneous Firms Part V: Conclusion Chapter 14: Conclusion and Future AgendaChapter 7: Time Zone Differences induced Growth Chapter 8: Separated Time Zone Induced Growth through Virtual Trade Chapter 9: Virtual Labor Mobility and its Distributional and Allocative Impacts Chapter 10: Time Zone Differences, Service Trade and Implications for Factor Prices Section IV: Firm Heterogeneity, FDI and Financial Capital Chapter 11: FDI and Skill Formation in Context of Time Zone Differences Induced Trade Chapter 12: Time Zone Differences, Information Communication Technology, and Mobility of Financial Capital Chapter 13: Role of FDI and Time Zone Differences in The Presence of Heterogeneous Firms Section V: Conclusion Chapter 14: Conclusion and Future Agenda Bibliography

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Book SynopsisThe Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is a large, complex, and diverse region, which faces a wide range of economic issues. The MENA group includes Algeria, Bahrain, Cyprus, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.The purpose of this book is not to provide a country-by-country study, but rather to deal with general economic themes found in Arab MENA and Israel, such as problems associated with growth and structural change; the role of State-intervention in country-specific local markets; labor market imperfections driven by gender bias; technology gaps and endogenous growth; capital market development in a restricted financial model based on religious constraints; savings and investment behaviour in a model of state subsidization and intervention designed to control local development; and the role of the state in constraining private sector activity. Data sources used in this second edition include country-specific data, the World Bank, the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.The new material in this second edition includes a discussion of the impending and inevitable leadership changes which will occur throughout Arab MENA over the next decades. The evidence to support this evaluation is based on the current lack of transparent markets; the lack of inclusive macro policies, the impact of distortionary micro economic policies across all sectors; and the impact of anti-globalization and xenophobia on innovation. Old chapters are revised with updated data, a discussion of the role of the 'State' and 'Oligarchies' in the economies of most of the MENA countries, an in-depth exploration of the investment in human capital and growth and an identification of the most important binding constraints to economic development in Arab MENA and Israel.This book serves as both a textbook and a summary of the very large literature on MENA. It examines the economic realities of the region and compares them across the MENA economies. It should be stressed that this book is not about the latest political debate on who did what to whom in the Middle East or in North Africa. The focus is on economics, not political economics.

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Book SynopsisIt is not only the beginning of 2020 but also the opening of a new decade. Many important issues impacting India as a nation a decade earlier will develop at an accelerated pace in this decade and change our politics, economy and society dramatically. We need to think about how to survive in the fast changing global environment in which ethereal assets like data and ideas are likely to carry more power than hard assets. India will continue to face a complex set of challenges to its national security in the next decade. Without mitigating its security challenges and investing in human capital, India cannot hope to become a global power with innovative technological capability. Having been through several conflicts and crises, there is a growing recognition that India needs a robust national security system. It is therefore important now to imagine 2030. We need to think about what kinds of security challenges India will face and what kind of solutions can emerge in the future.This collection of essays analyses the contemporary security situation and evaluates possible alternative scenarios for the future for implementing India`s national security policy. Drawing upon the expertise of some leading practitioners and scholars in the field, the volume offers a broad array of timely and relevant analysis of an evolving and uncertain security environment to provide the reader with an informed and balanced overview of India`s national security.

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Book SynopsisThe Remnants of Race Science traces the influence of ideas from the Global South on UNESCO’s race campaign, illuminating its relationship to notions of modernization and economic development.Trade ReviewBrilliantly and provocatively, The Remnants of Race Science reveals that the so-called decline of racial thought in human biology was really just a substitution of other more flexible ideas of human difference—mostly from the Global South—for the rigid racist typologies of the Global North. This more inclusive refiguring of racial difference would make possible the economic ‘development’ of people once excluded from modernity—which meant in practice their neocolonial incorporation into the netherworlds of global capitalism. In this paradigm-shifting book, Gil-Riaño thus offers us a new ‘southern’ vocabulary to talk about racism and antiracism. -- Warwick Anderson, author of Colonial Pathologies: American Tropical Medicine, Race, and Hygiene in the PhilippinesStarting with scientific research from the Southern Hemisphere, this important book overturns the common story of antiracist science as simplistically rooted in rejecting fixed biological kinds. Drawing from a transnational archive, Gil-Riaño shows how so-called anti-racist science was caught up in projects of improvement that rested on a multitude of other racisms. -- M. Murphy, author of The Economization of LifeLatin Americanists have long maintained that race and biology are shaped by culture, social organization, and economic conditions. In this deeply researched study, Gil-Riaño shows how Latin American racial ideas shaped the post–World War II human sciences and UNESCO projects. The human sciences did not renounce racial explanation—as so many believe—but folded them into global ideas about economic development. -- Karin Rosemblatt, author of The Science and Politics of Race in Mexico and the United States, 1910-1950Offers useful historical context to current debates about how to successfully build solidarity in science and society. * Science *Table of ContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: The Remnants of Race SciencePart I: Confronting Racism in the Southern Hemisphere, 1890–19511. Substituting Race: Arthur Ramos, Bahia, and the “Nina Rodrigues School”2. Relocating Race Science After World War II: Situating the 1950 UNESCO Statement on Race in the Southern Hemisphere3. Vikings of the Sunrise: Alfred Metraux, Te Rangi Hīroa, and Polynesian Racial ResiliencePart II: Race in the Tropics and Highlands and the Quest for Economic Development, 1945–19624. A Tropical Laboratory: Race, Evolution, and the Demise of UNESCO’s Hylean Amazon Project5. “Peasants Without Land”: Race and Indigeneity in the ILO’s Puno-Tambopata ProjectPart III: Engineering Racial Harmony and Decolonization, 1952–19616. A Brazilian Racial Dilemma: Modernization and UNESCO’s Race Relations Studies in Brazil7. A White World Perspective and the Collapse of Global Race Relations InquiryConclusion: “Racism Continues to Haunt the World”NotesIndex

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Book SynopsisDickson D. Despommier proposes a visionary yet achievable plan for creating a new, self-sustaining urban landscape.

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Book SynopsisBranko Milanovic charts 200 years of the fascinating history of the discourse on inequality through portraits of six key economists, from Quesnay to Kuznets. In their work and lives, we see how differently each conceived of inequality, and how the subject, prominent in their times, was eclipsed during the Cold War and has become central once again.Trade ReviewA timely book that brings the weight of the past to bear on one of the most pressing issues of our time…Milanovic is a clear and direct writer, unafraid of making strong judgements and with an idiosyncratic eye for detail. That makes for original, and sometimes amusingly wry, revelations. -- Darrin M. McMahon * Literary Review *Inequality is back, as a political topic and as a focus of study. In this fascinating book, Milanovic, one of the world’s most influential scholars of inequality, examines what leading economists of the past have had to say on this issue. -- Martin Wolf * Financial Times *A history of the changing ways economists have broached the subject [of inequality] since the French Revolution…[Milanovic] describes how Western economists were in thrall to an unholy combination of extremely simplistic assumptions and extremely complex mathematical models. -- Jennifer Szalai * New York Times *For anybody interested in inequality—and we all should be—anything by Milanovic is an essential read…This book is a great scene setter for the modern debate, not least in illustrating the link between ideas of inequality and the times in which ideas are formed. -- Diane Coyle * Enlightened Economist *An in-depth contextual analysis of how economic minds from Adam Smith to Karl Marx have shaped our understanding of class, income and wealth…This is a vital reference for the economic and philosophical theories underpinning our understanding of inequality today. -- Tej Parikh * Financial Times *An absorbing account of how thinking about inequality has evolved…Milanovic mixes his methodical examination of the evolution of economic thought about inequality with fascinating portraits of great economists and the society and polity of their times. -- Zia Qureshi * Finance & Development *A captivating journey through the time of ideas, with an impact on current events. -- Julien Damon * Les Echoes *A noted economist examines the thinking of six of his predecessors on how income is distributed and the conditions that favor or hinder the accumulation of wealth. * Kirkus Reviews *[A] sweeping survey of more than 200 years of philosophical thought about inequality. * Publishers Weekly *Fascinating and often surprising, offering new insight into iconic figures like Smith and Marx and unexpected perspectives on their work. Branko Milanovic shows that the writings of centuries past have much to teach us about inequality, especially about class and power. A truly important book. -- Angus Deaton, Nobel Laureate in Economic SciencesWhat do we talk about when we talk about economic inequality? To those who came of age after the 2008 financial crisis and Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century—an era marked by a widening fracture between rich and poor, especially within Western nations—the question might seem obvious. But as Branko Milanovic shows in his indispensable chronicle of the concept, we underestimate just how young, limited, and fraught our current understanding of inequality is—and how diverse its range of forebears. Researched with forensic thoroughness, and hardly shy about its political implications, Visions of Inequality presents a rare and rewarding combination of economic and conceptual history. -- Anton Jäger, Catholic University of LeuvenA fascinating journey across the history of economic thought through the lens of inequality. Milanovic’s erudite and thought-provoking exploration casts new light both on the analysis of income concentration and on the ideological travails of economics as a discipline. -- Ingrid Bleynat, King's College LondonImagine being able to ask Smith, Marx, and Pareto round for dinner and a chat about how each of them sees inequality. In effect, that’s what Branko Milanovic does in this new book. As he shows, economists’ interest in the subject is by no means a new phenomenon—but what counts, and who counts, in any analysis of inequality has varied dramatically over time. Recognizing this fact should make us reflect on how our own contemporary assays of inequality are more limited than we think. Taking us on an eye-opening tour from Quesnay to Kuznets, Milanovic shows us how inequality and capitalism have always intertwined. -- Mark Blyth, Brown University

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Book SynopsisVietnam focuses on how the country's governance shapes its politics, economy, social development, and international relations, as well as on the reforms required if it is to become a sustainable and modern high-income nation in the coming decades. This book features work by scholars from Vietnam, North America, and Europe.Trade ReviewIf you are going to read only one book on Vietnam to get up to speed with the state of scholarship on the country, this should be the one. A stellar cast of scholars looking at Vietnam from the rise of the party-state to its socioeconomic and diplomatic evolution gives readers an admirable compendium. -- Nayan Chanda, Ashoka University, former editor of Far Eastern Economic Review This volume is essential reading for anyone interested in how Vietnam transitioned from a poor, isolated country one generation ago to a rising Asian success story. Contributions cover both the economics and the politics of this ongoing transformation. -- David Dollar, Brookings Institution, former World Bank country economist for Vietnam and China This compilation provides a penetrating ringside glimpse into how Vietnam transitioned from a crippled centrally-planned economy into a global trading powerhouse and from a diplomatic pariah into a close partner of the U.S. and the West. The authors, including Vietnamese practitioners in and foreign advisers to the country's remarkable reform, detail the challenges Vietnam faces along the road to becoming a high-income nation, including a rigid political system, rampant corruption, growing economic inequality, serious environmental degradation, and a weak secondary education system. It is an invaluable read for anyone trying to understand this complex and dynamic country. -- Murray Hiebert, Center for Strategic and International Studies, author of Under Beijing's Shadow: Southeast Asia's China Challenge This is a critically important book that will be embraced by scholars of Vietnam and economic/political development more generally. The editors have assembled an astounding group of experts in a range of specialties from political science to economics to health to diplomatic history. Each chapter provides new insights that will enrich the knowledge of even long-term students of the country. -- Edmund Malesky, Duke University How can a communist party state coexist with a plural society? Read this book to find out! -- Stein Tonnesson, Peace Research Institute Oslo

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Book SynopsisReconstructs the intellectual climate of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to illuminate the intricate ideological transformation that occurred, wherein the pursuit of material interests - so long condemned as the deadly sin of avarice - was assigned the role of containing the unruly and destructive passions of man.Trade Review"Hirschman's volume stands as a principal contribution to the growing literature that is beginning to reshape our understanding of the legitimating beliefs undergirding the rise of the modern market economy."--Robert Wuthnow, American Journal of Sociology "A fresh and exciting argument of a fascinating thesis."--Nannerl O. Keohane, Journal of Interdisciplinary HistoryTable of ContentsForeword, by Amartya Sen ix Preface to the Twentieth Anniversary Edition xxi Acknowledgments xxv Introduction 3 PART ONE. How the Interests were Called Upon to Counteract the Passions 7 The Idea of Glory and Its Downfall 9 Man "as he really is" 12 Repressing and Harnessing the Passions 14 The Principle of the Countervailing Passion 20 "Interest" and "Interests" as Tamers of the Passions 31 Interest as a New Paradigm 42; Assets of an Interest-Governed World: Predictability and Constancy 48 Money-Making and Commerce as Innocent and Doux 56 Money-Making as a Calm Passion 63 PART TWO. How Economic Expansion was Expected to Improve the Political Order 67 Elements of a Doctrine 70 1. Montesquieu 70 2. Sir James Steuart 81 3. John Millar 87 Related yet Discordant Views 93 1. The Physiocrats 96 2. Adam Smith and the End of a Vision 100 PART THREE. Reflections on an Episode in Intellectual History 115 Where the Montesquieu-Steuart Vision Went Wrong 117 The Promise of an Interest-Governed World versus the Protestant Ethic 128 Contemporary Notes 132 Afterword by Jeremy Adelman 137 Notes 145 Index 155

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Book SynopsisThe Essential Hirschman brings together some of the finest essays in the social sciences, written by one of the twentieth century's most influential and provocative thinkers. Albert O. Hirschman was a master essayist, one who possessed the rare ability to blend the precision of economics with the elegance of literary imagination. In an age in whichTrade Review"Adelman ... has done an excellent job of bringing together articles that express Hirschman's skepticism, as well as brilliant observation, often consisting of brilliant juxtapositions of unlikely sources... [T]hose who do sink their teeth into this work will be highly rewarded."--ChoiceTable of ContentsIntroduction by Jeremy Adelman vii -- Development -- Political Economics and Possibilism 1 Underdevelopment, Obstacles to the Perception of Change, and Leadership 35 The Rise and Decline of Development Economics 49 The Changing Tolerance for Income Inequality in the Course of Economic Development 74 The Political Economy of Import-Substituting Industrialization in Latin America 102 The Search for Paradigms as a Hindrance to Understanding 137 A Generalized Linkage Approach to Development, with Special Reference to Staples 155 -- Markets -- The Concept of Interest: From Euphemism to Tautology 195 Rival Views of Market Society 214 Against Parsimony: Three Easy Ways of Complicating Some Categories of Economic Discourse 248 Three Uses of Political Economy in Analyzing European Integration 265 -- Democracy -- Opinionated Opinions and Democracy 284 Reactionary Rhetoric 293 Exit, Voice, and the State 309 Morality and the Social Sciences: A Durable Tension 331 Social Conflicts as Pillars of Democratic Market Society 345 Afterword by Emma Rothschild and Amartya Sen 363 Acknowledgments 369 Index 373

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Book SynopsisIn doing so he makes a persuasive connection between nation building and global governance-raising important questions about whose nations are being built and why.Trade ReviewAn admirable study of the development machinery in Honduras... A wonderful and compelling guide through the world of development. This work should get students, scholars, and the general public to seriously rethink it as anything but charitable, temporary, or minimal in its import. American Journal of Sociology A detailed overview of how development works in a specific context, it could be well utilized in graduate courses as well as advanced undergraduate courses in globalization and development... A good read in a literary sense, holding the reader's attention by carefully revealing detail after detail to unveil the hidden layers and the inner workings of economic development and political globalization. Contemporary Sociology A rigorous ethnography of the practice of the global actors based in Honduras... There is now an enormous literature that questions the ideological stratagems of the globalization industry as propelled by the claims of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund... Jackson goes deeper than these accounts... What he illuminates is the mechanism by which this democratic powerlessness is produced, one in which consent rather than coercion is the dominant lever. NACLA Report on the Americas This book definitely should go on your list of globalization readings! -- Tanya Golash-Boza Social Forces 2007Table of ContentsList of Tables and FiguresPrefaceAcknowledgmentsList of AbbreviationsIntroduction: The Globalizers in HondurasPart I: Who Are the Globalizers?1. The Institutions2. The People3. The Expats4. The LocalsPart II: The Globalizers in Action5. Global Governance6. Building Dams7. Fixing Dams8. Making Maquiladoras9. Legitimating Maquiladoras10. Rebuilding after Hurricane MitchConclusion: Maintaining Global GovernanceNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book captures an epochal juncture of two of the world's most transformative processes: the People's Republic of China's rapidly expanding sphere of influence across the global south and the disintegration of the Amazonian, Cerrado, and Andean biomes. The intersection of these two processes took another step in April 2020, when Chinese President Xi Jinping launched a "New Health Silk Road" agenda of aid and investment that would wind through South America, extending the Eurasian-African "Belt and Road Initiative" to a series of mine, port, energy, infrastructure, and agrobusiness megaprojects in the Latin American tropics. Through thirty short essays, this volume brings together an impressive array of contributors, from economists, anthropologists, and political scientists to Black, feminist, and Indigenous community organizers, Chinese stakeholders, environmental activists, and local journalists to offer a pathbreaking analysis of China's presence in South America. As cracks in the progressive legacy of the Pink Tide and the failures of ecocidal right-wing populisms shape new political economies and geopolitical possibilities, this book provides a grassroots-based account of a post-US centered world order, and an accompanying map of the stakes for South America that highlights emerging voices and forms of resistance.Trade Review"A result of deep and probing research, The Tropical Silk Road offers new critical writings, field observations, and ideas that situate the fate of Amazonian societies in the wake of China's bid for global prominence. The diverse array of experts in fine-tuned conversation with one another makes this a truly remarkable and exciting collection."—Long Bui, University of California, Irvine"The Tropical Silk Road is both an impressively ambitious and readable volume. An international cavalcade of authors examines contemporary China's outreach into Latin America, offering an engaging balance of thoughtful, interdisciplinary perspectives with considerable heft."—Carlos Rojas, Duke University"[Tropical Silk Road] is as ambitious as it is eclectic, and its contributors bring a range of valuable insights to bear on some of the most important political and economic developments facing the region."—Matthew Abel, NACLA Report on the AmericasTable of Contents0.0 Acknowledgments —Paul Amar, Lisa Rofel, María Amelia Viteri, Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, and Fernando Brancoli 0.1 Introduction: China Stepping Out, the Amazon Biome, and South American Populism —Paul Amar, Lisa Rofel, María Amelia Viteri, Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, and Fernando Brancoli 1.1: China's State and Social Media Narratives about Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic —Li Zhang 1.2: Cracks in the Coca Codo Sinclair Hydroelectric Project: Infrastructures and Disaster from a Masculine Vision of Development —Pedro Gutiérrez Guevara, Sofía Carpio, and Mayra Flores 1.3: Brazil and China's "Inevitable Marriage"? Post-Bolsonaro Futures and Beijing's Shift from North America to South America —Zhou Zhiwei 1.4: The China-Ecuador Relationship: From Correa's Neodevelopmentalist "Reformism" to Moreno's "Postreformism" during China's Credit Crunch (2006–2021) —Milton Reyes Herrera 1.5: China Studies in Brazil: Leste Vermelho and Innovations in South-South Academic Partnership —Andrea Piazzaroli Longobardi 1.6: Chinese Financing and Direct Foreign Investment in Ecuador: An Interests and Benefits Perspective on Relations between States through the Lens of the Win-Win Principle —David Mosquera Narváez 2.1: An Indigenous Theory of Risk: The Cosmopolitan Munduruku Analyze Chinese Megaprojects at Tapajós–Teles Pires —Luísa Pontes Molina and Alessandra Korap Silva Munduruku 2.2: Challenges for the Shuar in the Face of Globalization and Extractivism: Reflections from the Shuar Federation of Zamora Chinchipe —Jefferson Pullaguari 2.3: "Yes, We Do Know Why We Protest": Indigenous Challenges to Extractivism in Ecuador, Looking Beyond the National Strike of October 2019 —Julia Correa, Israel Chumapi, Paúl Ghaitai Males, Jennifer Yajaira Masaquiza, Rina Pakari Marcillo, and David Menacho 3.1: From Elusiveness to Ideological Extravaganza: Gender and Sexuality in Brazil-China Relations —Cai Yiping and Sonia Correa 3.2: The Refraction of Chinese Capital in Amazonian Entrepôts and the Infrastructure of a Global Sacrifice Zone —Gustavo Oliveira 3.3: "The Bank We Want": Chinese and Brazilian Activism around and within the BRICS New Development Bank —Laura Trajber Waisbich 3.4: Río Blanco: The Big Stumbling Block to the Advancement of China's Mining Interests in Ecuador —The Yasunidos Guapondélig Collective 3.5: Protectionism for Business, Precarization for Labor: China's Investment-Protection Treaties and Community Struggles in the Latin American and Caribbean Region —Ana Saggioro Garcia and Rodrigo Curty Pereira 4.1: A Mine, a Dam, and the Chinese-Ecuadorian Politics of Knowledge —Karolien van Teijlingen and Juan Pablo Hidalgo Bastidas 4.2: Rafael Correa's Administration of Promises and the Impact of Its Policies on the Human Rights of Indigenous Groups —Emilia Bonilla 4.3: China Oil and Foodstuffs Corporation in the Tapajós River "Logistics Corridor": A Case Study of Socioenvironmental Transformation in Brazil's Northeast —Alana Camoça and Bruno Hendler 4.4: Deforestation, Enclosures, and Militias: The Logistics "Revolution" in the Port of Cajueiro, Maranhão —Sabrina Felipe and Lucilene Raimunda Costa 5.1: Hungry and Backward Waters: Events, Actors, and Challenges Surrounding the Coca Codo Sinclair Hydroelectric Project in Times of COVID-19 —Sigrid Vásconez D. 5.2: Electrification of Forest Biomes: Xingu-Rio Lines, Chinese Presence, and the Sociotechnological Impact of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Dam —Laís Forti Thomaz, Aline Regina Alves Martins, and Diego Trindade d'Ávila Magalhães 5.3: Vanity Projects, Waterfall Implosions, and the Local Impacts of Megaproject Partnerships —Consuelo Fernández-Salvador and María Amelia Viteri 5.4: "Yes We Do Exist": Ferrogrão Railway, Indigenous Voices in the Trail of Trade Corridors, and Building the Axis of "Brazilian Pragmatist Policy" toward China —Diana Aguiar 5.5: Green Marketing Extractivism in the Amazon: Imaginaries of the Ministry versus Realities of the Land —Maria Elena Rodríguez 6.1: Steel Industry's Legacies on the Outskirts of Rio de Janeiro and White Brazilian Capital-State Alliances: A Feminist Approach —Ana Luisa Queiroz, Marina Praça, and Yasmin Bitencourt 6.2: Rio de Janeiro's Unruly Carbon Periphery: Community Entrepreneurs, Chinese Investors, and the Reappropriation of the Ruins of the COMPERJ Oil Port-and-Pipeline Megaproject —Fernando Brancoli and Wander Guerra 6.3: From Cheap Credit to Rapid Frustration: Real Estate in Rio de Janeiro —Pedro Henrique Vasques 6.4: The China-Ecuador Economic Relationship's Impact on Unemployment during the Administration of President Moreno —David F. Delgado del Hierro 7.1: Savage Factories of the Manaus Free Trade Zone: Chinese Investments in the Amazon and Social Impacts on Workers —Cleiton Ferreira Maciel Brito 7.2: National Development Priorities and Transnational Workplace Inequalities: Challenges for China's State-Sponsored Construction Projects in Ecuador —Rui Jie Peng 7.3: Rio's Phantom Dubai?: Porto do Açu, Chinese Investments, and the Geopolitical Specter of Brazilian Mineral Booms —Marcos A. Pedlowski

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Book SynopsisTells the story of Jamaican “scammers” who use crime to gain autonomy, opportunity, and repair There is romance in stealing from the rich to give to the poor, but how does that change when those perceived rich are elderly white North Americans and the poor are young Black Jamaicans? In this innovative ethnography, Jovan Scott Lewis tells the story of Omar, Junior, and Dwayne. Young and poor, they strive to make a living in Montego Bay, where call centers and tourism are the two main industries in the struggling economy. Their experience of grinding poverty and drastically limited opportunity leads them to conclude that scamming is the best means of gaining wealth and advancement. Otherwise, they are doomed to live in “sufferation”—an inescapable poverty that breeds misery, frustration, and vexation. In the Jamaican lottery scam run by these men, targets are told they have qualified for a large loan or award if they pay taxes or transfer fees. When the fees are paid, the award never arrives, netting the scammers tens of thousands of U.S. dollars. Through interviews, historical sources, song lyrics, and court testimonies, Lewis examines how these scammers justify their deceit, discovering an ethical narrative that reformulates ideas of crime and transgression and their relationship to race, justice, and debt. Scammer’s Yard describes how these young men, seeking to overcome inequality and achieve autonomy, come to view crime as a form of liberation. Their logic raises unsettling questions about a world economy that relegates postcolonial populations to deprivation even while expecting them to follow the rules of capitalism that exacerbate their dispossession. In this groundbreaking account, Lewis asks whether true reparation for the legacy of colonialism is to be found only through radical—even criminal—means. Trade Review"Jovan Scott Lewis’s sophisticated and nuanced account of Jamaican lotto scammers’ efforts to escape ‘sufferation’ positions their ethics of seizure within the logic of reparations. If the historical generation of wealth has been criminal—the result of imperialism, slavery, and debt—then its redistribution offers a way to reimagine the postcolonial present and its models of sovereignty. Scammer’s Yard is a must read for those interested in the value of blackness in the wake of the plantation!"—Deborah A. Thomas, University of Pennsylvania"Scammer’s Yard repositions a network of impoverished, aspirational Jamaicans at the frontier of post-colonial, racial capitalism. Combining sharp-eyed ethnography, rich historical detail, and brilliant analysis, Jovan Scott Lewis takes seriously scammers’ attempts to redress colonial brutality by using scams—in their contradictory glory—as a means of laying claim to reparations. An instant classic, this book is essential reading for anthropologists, political theorists, and scholars of the Black Atlantic or anyone looking for new tools to radically reimagine markets and the forms of radicalized violence and criminality they reproduce."—Noelle Stout, author of Dispossessed: How Predatory Bureaucracy Foreclosed on the American Middle Class "A page turner . . . the richness of the ethnography is as gratifying as Lewis’ deft blending of the empirical data and conceptual framework."—Antipode"Timely and necessary."—Ethnic and Racial Studies " This impressive work deftly weaves together and advances important theoretical constructs, which deepen readers' understanding of this research."—CHOICE"Scammer’s Yard, by Jovan Scott Lewis, is a rich ethnography of the existential question of Black repair."—Transforming Anthropology"Potentially transformative for the terrain of Black and Caribbean studies to the extent that it encourages us to strain against easy gestures to unitary futures on which discourses of reparations so readily rely."—Small Axe"An important ethnography in contesting the pathologizing of the urban poor and the villification of the scammer as a heartless, predatory criminal figure... the author makes a critical intervention to theory and praxes of libration by offering seizure as an ethical postcolonial mode for not only coping with but also challenging political-economic stagnation. "—American AnthropologistTable of ContentsContentsIntroduction: To Be Poor Is a Crime1. The Planation Remains: A History of Sufferation2. Free Zones: Manipulated Development after Structural Adjustment3. Black Markets: The Color of Crime4. Repairing Blackness: Seizing Reparations through the ScamConclusion: Black Life beyond RepairAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisBeleaguered by mutual recrimination between rich and poor countries, squeezed by the zero-sum arithmetic of a shrinking global carbon budget, and overtaken by shifts in economic and hence bargaining power between these countries, international cooperation on climate change has floundered. Given these three factors - which Arvind Subramanian and Aaditya Mattoo call the “narrative,” “adding up,” and “new world” problems - the wonder is not the current impasse; it is, rather, the belief that progress might be possible at all.In this book, the authors argue that any chance of progress must address each of these problems in a radically different way. First, the old narrative of recrimination must cede to a narrative based on recognition of common interests. Second, leaders must shift the focus away from emissions cuts to technology generation. Third, the old “cash-for-cuts” approach must be abandoned for one that requires contributions from all countries calibrated in magnitude and form to their current level of development and future prospects.

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Book SynopsisIn this book, the author focuses on the intersection of two major bodies of policy and practice: knowledge economy and ICTs on one hand, and sustainable economic development on the other. It aims to provide a broad-ranging account of the social and economic terrain demarcated by this intersection in order to reach conclusions and offer guidelines for policy development. Although based on the case of a developing country (Vietnam) its analyses, arguments and conclusions are of universal relevance. Key features comprehensive picture of a society from the perspective of knowledge for development Intersection of ICTs (Information and Communications Technology), knowledge, and sustainable economic development Can be used in courses of sociology, political economy, development economics, knowledge economics, information and telecommunication technology, sustainable development, and public administration.

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Book SynopsisThe MDG Gap Task Force Report systematically tracks existing international commitments and their fulfilment at the international level in the areas of official development assistance, trade, debt relief, and access to essential medicines and technology as defined by the targets and indicators of MDG 8. The MDG Gap Task Force Report 2014 will build on the 2013 Report, by drawing lessons learned from monitoring MDG 8 and analysing conceptual gaps created by how MDG was originally defined. This should provide insight to discussions on the post-2015 agenda. The Task Force consists of more than 30 UN entities, including participation from the World Bank and the IMF, as well as the OECD and WTO. The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat and UNDP and are the lead agencies in coordinating the work of the Task Force.

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Book SynopsisThis report analyses the state of the world economy, a year and half after the Covid-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The first part of the Report outlines key macro-financial aspects of the global economy, focusing, in particular, on the prospects for a growth recovery while analyzing possible threats from public and private debt, from inflationary spikes as well as from a return to the policies of the past. It pays particular attention to the situation of developing countries in the system of global finance, and discusses issues of debt sustainability. As this year marks its 40th anniversary, the Report also revisits the analyses provided in previous editions in response to shocks, setbacks, and crises that have hampered development during the era of hyper-globalization and underscores its abiding call for an inclusive global economic governance. The second part focuses on climate adaptation. It calls for a transformative approach to climate adaptation, with large-scale public investment programmes to adapt to future as well as current threats, and green industrial policies to drive growth and job creation. It also details reforms of the international financial system needed to get more climate adaptation funds flowing to developing countries

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Book SynopsisThis publication outlines the region's economic performance in 2020 and analyses trends in the early months of 2021, as well as the outlook for the rest of the year. It examines the external and domestic factors that have influenced the region's economic performance, analyses the characteristics of growth, prices and the labour market, and draws attention to some of the macroeconomic policy challenges of the prevailing external conditions, amid mounting uncertainty stemming mainly from political factors. It analyses the dynamics of investment and its determinants, with a view to identifying the different variables on which public policy can act to influence the trajectory of investment. This edition also analyses the impact of the crisis caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the region's labour markets, with a comparison of historical trends, and particular emphasis placed on the disproportionate effect of the pandemic on female and youth employment

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Book SynopsisThis book presents, for the first time in English, a collection of speeches delivered by Wen Jiabao, China’s Premier from 2003 to 2013, at the six successive Summer Davos Forums held in China from 2007 to 2012, his special address at the 2009 World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland, and the transcripts of his question and answer sessions at these events. Offering important insights not only into how China’s macroeconomic policies have responded to domestic and global challenges in the past six years, this book also reveals the strength and purpose of Wen Jiabao and the Chinese leadership as they steered the country through the global financial crisis, made important contributions to global economic recovery, and enhanced China’s capacity for long-term and sustainable economic and social development through nationwide investments in education, environmental conservation, healthcare, and technological innovation.Table of Contents ix Preface 1 2007 Summer Davos Forum 7 Opening Ceremony Speech: A Growing China Embraces a Bright Future 17 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony 23 Premier Wen answers questions at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs 29 2008 Summer Davos Forum 35 Opening Ceremony Speech: Reform and Opening-up - The Eternal Driving Force for China’s Development 47 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony and at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs 55 2009 Annual Meeting Of The World Economic Forum 61 Opening Ceremony Speech: Strengthen Confidence and Work Together for a New Round of World Economic Growth Contents The Chinese University Press 77 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony 83 Premier Wen answers questions at a Business Working Lunch 91 2009 Summer Davos Forum 97 Opening Ceremony Speech: Build up in an All-roundWay - The Internal Dynamism of China’s Economic Development 117 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony and at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs 137 2010 Summer Davos Forum 143 Opening Ceremony Speech: Consolidate the Upward Momentum and Promote Sustained Growth 161 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony and at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs 173 2011 Summer Davos Forum 179 Opening Ceremony Speech: Promote Sound, Sustainable, and Quality Development 191 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony and at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs The Chinese University Press 209 2012 Summer Davos Forum 215 Opening Ceremony Speech: Towards a Brighter Future of the Chinese Economy 241 Premier Wen answers questions at the Opening Ceremony and at a Meeting with Entrepreneurs 257 Appendix: Review of the Work of the Government in the Past Five Years

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Book SynopsisEconomic and other outcomes differ vastly among individuals, groups, and nations. Many explanations have been offered for the differences. Some believe that those with less fortunate outcomes are victims of genetics. Others believe that those who are less fortunate are victims of the more fortunate.Discrimination and Disparities gathers a wide array of empirical evidence to challenge the idea that different economic outcomes can be explained by any one factor, be it discrimination, exploitation, or genetics. This revised and enlarged edition also analyzes the human consequences of the prevailing social vision of these disparities and the policies based on that vision--from educational disasters to widespread crime and violence.

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Book SynopsisFrom a renowned pioneer of the anti-globalization movement, a primer on working towards a localized world From disappearing livelihoods to financial instability, from climate chaos to an epidemic of depression, we face crises on a number of seemingly unrelated fronts. This well-referenced book traces the common roots of these problems in a globalized economy that is incompatible with life on a finite planet. But Local is Our Future does more than just describe the problem: it describes the policy shifts and grassroots steps – many of them already underway around the world – that can move us towards the local and, thereby, towards a better world.

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Book SynopsisJoin Frieda as she learns how to make a difference in the world! This is the story about a young girl named Frieda who embarks on a wonderful adventure to bring about positive change in the world. One day, Ana from the United Nations visits Frieda's school to teach her class about the Sustainable Development Goals–the world's plan to reduce poverty and protect the planet by 2030. Frieda develops a global perspective and is encouraged to take action against the biggest issues of our day: from combating climate change and protecting endangered species to ending poverty and fighting inequality. But most important, Frieda learns that "everyone must work together to make the world much better for all". With colourful illustrations, engaging text, and tips on how to change the world, children will discover what they can do to make a difference" in their lives and the lives around them.

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Book SynopsisWhat makes countries rich? What makes countries poor? Europe''s Growth Champion: Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland seeks to answer these questions, and many more, through a study of one of the biggest, and least heard about, economic success stories. Over the last twenty-five years Poland has transitioned from a perennially backward, poor, and peripheral country to unexpectedly join the ranks of the world''s high income countries. Europe''s Growth Champion is about the lessons learned from Poland''s remarkable experience, the conditions that keep countries poor, and the challenges that countries need to face in order to grow. It defines a new growth model that Poland and its Eastern European peers need to adopt to grow and catch up with their Western counterparts. Poland''s economic rise emphasizes the importance of the fundamental sources of growth- institutions, culture, ideas, and leaders- in economic development. It demonstrates that a shift from an extractive society, wherTrade ReviewThe clarity of the author's reasoning is in fact one of the book's greatest merits * Guzowski, Piotr, EH.Net *Poland's economic success over the last three decades is nothing short of remarkable. This insightful book shows how Poland owes its success to its ability to build broadly inclusive economic institutions, and traces the roots of ability to build broadly inclusive economic institutions, and traces the roots of this institutional transformation to the country's history, to its political transition driven by its middle class, to the anchor that the European Union provided, and to good political leadership. A must read for anybody who wants to understand the process of economic reform, especially today when we are witnessing the rise of an authoritarian government in Poland threatening to reverse some of these achievements. * Daron Acemoglu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US *An ambitious and successful effort at explaining the evolution of Poland from feudalismto communism and to today' success story. Full of insights, with deep lessons about development in general. A pleasure to read. * Olivier Blanchard, Peterson Institute, US, former Chief Economist of the IMF *This highly readable book provides a comprehensive and novel explanation of Poland's rise to the ranks of high-income economies over the course of a single generation. The book will be essential reading for economists and economic policy-makers, including those in Poland, who face the daunting task of creating and implementing a new economic model for the future. * Dale Jorgenson, Harvard University, US *Based on comprehensive comparative research and rich personal experience, Piatkowski wrote a unique book on the post-communist transformation to a market-based, democratic and civic society. This is a tour de force on socio- socioeconomicchanges in Poland-a country that almost 30 years ago initiated the historic process of transition and was the most successful economy to cope with its immense challenges. Piatkowski persuasively explains how this happened and what is the likely future not only for Poland, but also for the whole post-communist region and Europe. * Grzegorz W. Kolodko *Most countries in the world are trapped in poverty or middle-income status. However, a country's destiny can change. Piatkowski analyzes Poland's recent success of ascending from a relatively poor to a high-income country in a generation's time. The book provides both inspiration and useful lessons for countries still struggling to change the fate of their nations. * Justin Yifu Lin, Peking University, China, former Chief Economist of the World Bank *What did Poland do to become the most successful European economy in the past thirty years? This brilliant and original book answers the question and rekindles the debate on whether successful economic development is driven by good institutions, good policies, lucky geography . . . or all three. * Branko Milanovic, Graduate Center City University of New York, US *No country did better than Poland after the fall of communism. This book dissects not just the specific policies that made this successful transition possible, but also its deeper roots in culture, institutions, and ideas-providing some surprising answers along the way. Piatkowski has written a deeply hopeful book that shows the way forward for Poland and other similarly situated economies. * Dani Rodrik, Harvard University, US *A new book on Poland's success, Europe's Growth Champion, by Marcin Piatkowski, highlights a paradox. What outsiders saw, and Poles bemoaned, in 1989 was indeed dreadful, a destitute country with dire infrastructure, pitiful wages, clapped-out industry and bankrupt public finances. But the deeper legacy of communism, the book argues, was a positive one. . . . Mr Piatkowski's arguments deserve careful consideration. The question of why some countries get rich and others stay poor is the most important economic puzzle of our times, and one that economists themselves struggle to solve. * Edward Lucas, The Times *A deep, surprising and cleverly written book about Europe's untold success story. * Tim Harford, author of Fifty Inventions That Shaped The Modern Economy and The Undercover Economist *Europe's Growth Champion is an in-depth analysis of why and how Poland has managed to build a competitive and inclusive market economy just within one generation. Marcin Piatowski's careful and theoretically sound analysis of what has and has not worked in Poland is a great guide for any reformer-and the reassurance that market reforms can deliver if correctly designed and implemented. * Sergei Guriev, Chief Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development *"Poland has entered its true Golden Age," writes Marcin Piatowski in this lucid and stimulating account of Poland's transformation. * Tony Barber, Financial Times *Today, many take Poland's postcommunist economic success for granted, but that was never true. Piatkowski underscores how extractive Poland's old economic system was and how harmful its old elite. He shows convincingly that Poland's transformation proves that success is possible also where rent seeking is deeply entrenched. But it requires a real shock that breaks the old system and its ruling class. New institutions as well as a different culture are needed and they can be built. * Anders Åslund, Atlantic Council, Washington, DC *One of the main reasons why countries in Central and Eastern Europe are poorer than Western European countries is because they often reverse important reforms. Poland is no exception in this regard, this time around despite an enviable economic and social performance since the transition and the historically unparalleled anchoring that the European Union provides. This book not only provides an excellent analysis of the fundamental factors that brought about this unprecedented growth spurt in Poland, but it also offers a strong hope that these factors will be robust enough to prevent reform reversals and keep Poland on its rapid convergence trajectory. I can only hope that the author is right about this. A must read for economists, policymakers and politicians in the region. * Istvan Szekely, Director, European Commission, DG ECFIN *Piatkowski's book provides the most thorough analysis so far of the reasons behind Poland's economic successes since it embarked on the transition to the market economy. Blending advanced economic analysis together with a deep historical perspective, this book is a great example of how contemporary economic methods can deliver very fruitful insights and enlighten policy debates. * Prof. Gerard Roland, E. Morris Cox Professor of Economics and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley *Europe's Growth Champion. Insights from the Economic Rise of Poland is a groundbreaking analysis, a pioneering work on post-communist development in Poland and in Central and Eastern Europe, and a crucial guide to understanding how to achieve developmental success in the post-communist context. It should be read by anyone who is interested in development and postcommunist economic transition in Poland and beyond, or in root causes, institutional arrangements, state policies and other factors of contemporary development successes. * Andrzej Bolesta, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Europe-Asia Studies *Table of ContentsIntroduction 1: Fundamental Sources of Growth: Institutions, Culture and Ideas 2: From Black Death to black hole 3: What the Black Death was to Western Europe, Communism was to Central and Eastern Europe 4: Poland's Transition Success Story 5: Drivers of Poland's Successful Transition 6: Fundamental Sources of Poland's Growth: The Role of Institutions 7: The Role of Culture, Ideas, and Leadership 8: Will Poland's Success Continue? Projections, Scenarios, and Risks 9: The New Growth Model for Central and Eastern Europe: "The Warsaw Consensus" 10: Conclusions and the Way Forward

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