Development economics Books

Book SynopsisThe past two decades have seen a process of almost continuous reform in public management in developed countries and a renegotiation of traditional relationships between state, economy and society. These changes have been expressed through privatization, civil service reductions and restructuring, the introduction of market-type mechanisms to improve the delivery of public services, the construction of new forms of partnership between state and non-state organizations, and new types of regulation and accountability. In turn, these public management reforms have, in a variety of ways, been transferred to the state systems of developing and transitional economies. The Internationalization of Public Management constitutes one of the first attempts to examine the conceptual and practical problems which attend such policy transfers, and to make preliminary judgements about the successes and failures of public management reform in developing countries. The distinguished group of contributors offers instructive insights into the complex reality of the development state.Both academics and postgraduate students within the areas of politics and governance, public sector management and development studies will find this book essential reading. Practitioners in these fields, especially within aid agencies and research institutions, will also find the book contains valuable lessons and conclusions.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Internationalization of New Public Management 2. Should Flawed Models of Public Management be Exported? Issues and Practices 3. Administrative Reform in Core Civil Services: Application and Applicability of the New Public Management 4. New Public Management and Development: The Case of Public Service Reform in Tanzania and Uganda 5. Local Government: Management or Politics? 6. The NPM Agenda for Service Delivery: A Suitable Model for Developing Countries? 7. Reinventing the Third World State: Service Delivery and the Civic Realm 8. Privatization and Regulation in Developing Countries 9. Human Resource Management and New Public Management: Two Sides of a Coin that has a Low Value in Developing Countries? 10. Information Systems and Public Sector Reform in the Third World 11. Moving the Public Management Debate Forward: A Contingency Approach Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Theory of Economic Growth compares the main theories of growth from Adam Smith to the present day in order to isolate their logical structures, theoretical domains and methodological underpinnings. The book provides original solutions to theoretical questions still debated in contemporary literature and points out new directions for further research.The authors carry out a 'vertical' or in-depth analysis of the three main schools of thought; classical, Keynesian and neo-classical. They perform a 'horizontal' analysis of a wide range of items connected with growth theory, such as competition, technical change, division of labour, business cycles, the impact on environment, and the financial intermediation. Attention is also given to the evolutionary approach to economic growth.This book will be of great interest to scholars of economic growth, macroeconomics, and historians of economic thought.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Theories of Economic Growth: Old and New 2. The Structure of Growth Models: A Comparative Survey 3. Endogenous Growth Theory as a Lakatosian Case Study 4. Endogenous Growth in a Multi-sector Economy 5. Income Distribution and Consumption Patterns in a ‘Classical’ Growth Model 6. Keynesian Theories of Growth 7. Should the Theory of Endogenous Growth be Based on Say’s Law and the Full Employment of Resources? 8. The Demographic Transition and Neoclassical Models of Balanced Growth 9. Human Capital Formation in the New Growth Theory: The Role of ‘Social Factors’ 10. The Evolutionary Perspective on Growth 11. Competition, Rent-Seeking and Growth: Smith versus the Endogenous Growth Theory 12. R&D Models of Economic Growth and the Long-term Evolution of Productivity and Innovation 13. Competition and Technical Change in Aghion and Howitt: A Formalisation of Marx’s Ideas? 14. Division of Labour and Economic Growth: Paul Romer’s Contribution in an Historical Perspective 15. The Interaction between Growth and Cycle in Macrodynamic Models of the Economy 16. Real Business Cycle Models, Endogenous Growth Models and Cyclical Growth: A Critical Survey 17. Growth Theory and the Environment: How to Include Matter Without Making it Really Matter 18. Modelling Growth and Financial Intermediation through Information Frictions: A Critical Survey References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book questions what enduring lessons have been learnt about the interdependence of international trade and economic development during the last 50 years. Since the end of the Cold War and the advent of the WTO, developing countries have been forced to face the choice of whether, and to what extent, to integrate economically with the rest of the world. The key issue of international political economy is emphasized.The authors argue that while integration through trade has become increasingly necessary for successful development, it rapidly encounters a series of problems that remain to be resolved. These range from increasing inequality and instability, the vagaries of WTO rules, persistent agricultural protection in developed countries, through to inadequate finance and new waves of technological innovation. Underlying all these concerns, however, is the deeper question of how much the developing countries can influence the setting of the rules of the international system.Trade and Development examines all the major topics in the area of trade and development, along with proposals for new directions for UNCTAD. The book will be of great interest to academics, researchers, NGOs and policymakers involved in international and development economics.Trade Review'The essays are of high quality and full of interesting details, which is not a surprise given the distinguished group of scholars that contributed. . . this is an impressive collection of essays that adds significantly to the discussion of policies for developing countries in the context of globalization. I would strongly recommend it to academics and students interested in development, as well as policymakers in developing countries.' -- Ricardo A. LOpez, Journal of International DevelopmentTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. The Historical Conflict of Socialism and Capitalism, and the Post-Socialist Transformation 3. Globalization and Development Strategies 4. Trade Policy as Development Policy: Building on Fifty Years’ Experience 5. Industrialization under New WTO Law 6. Technological Change and Opportunities for Development as a Moving Target 7. Financing for Development: Current Trends and Issues for the Future 8. Agricultural Trade Barriers, Trade Negotiations and the Interests of Developing Countries 9. Economic Dependence on Commodities 10. Income Distribution and Development 11. Order, the Rule of Law and Moral Norms 12. Regional Cooperation in a Changing Global Environment: Success and Failure of East Asia 12. Economic Governance Institutions in a Global Political Economy: Implications for Developing Countries Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book Gavin Peebles and Peter Wilson offer an historical overview of the rapid growth and development of the Singapore economy, detailing the institutions and policies which have made this growth possible. They examine the current state of the economy and its future in terms of prospective growth and structural change. The authors discuss the conflicting views on the role of government and the public sector in the economy, and analyse the quality and sustainability of growth. They explore the structural changes which have occurred due to high rates of savings and investment, a large balance of payments surplus and monetary, financial and fiscal conditions. Important in this analysis is the extent to which Singaporeans themselves have benefited in terms of welfare. The authors also identify the key roles played by trade policy, and financial and exchange rate institutions in creating and sustaining growth. In the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis, they assess the current health of the economy and the implementation of reforms to achieve the government's vision of a 'New Singapore'.Based on the authors' own combined experiences of living in Singapore for over 20 years, this broadbased and analytical book sheds light on Singapore's status in the world economy. The integration of economic, social and political perspectives will ensure the book's broad appeal amongst scholars, students and researchers interested in growth and economic development in Singapore and South-east Asia.Trade Review'Peebles and Wilson have written an excellent account of what is surely one of the twentieth century's most remarkable transformations. Anyone who wants an up-to-date, balanced and authoritative guide to the economy of modern Singapore is strongly advised to start with their book. Not the least of its virtues is a comprehensive bibliography and a good guide to further reading.' -- Anne Booth, EH. Net'. . . clearly written and well-organized. . . This volume is one of those rare academic works that would make pleasurable reading on a trans-Pacific flight. Highly Recommended. General readers, all levels of undergraduates, and professionals.' -- S.J. Gabriel, Choice'This is an extremely readable and comprehensive account of one of the most successful stories of economic development in the late 20th Century. In Economic Growth and Development in Singapore, Gavin Peebles and Peter Wilson examine various perspectives on the city-state's economic development, and combine theory and empirical detail with aplomb. Their new text is a very welcome addition to the development literature.' -- Christopher M. Dent, University of Leeds, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction, Themes and Structure of the Book 2. Foundations for Growth 3. The Growth Experience 4. Structural Change 5. Monetary, Financial and Fiscal Aspects 6. Development Indicators and Welfare 7. Trade, Trade Policy and Growth 8. International Finance and Growth 9. Back to the Future: Continuity or Real Paradigm Shift? Appendix A: Statistics and Sources Appendix B: Singapore Election Systems: Results and Implications Appendix C: Suggestions for Further Reading Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisA decade after the implementation of the initial wave of economic reforms in India, the process of transforming the country into a fully developed market economy continues. A hallmark of the globalised economy is its ability to sustain competitive efficiency which, in turn, can lead to enhanced growth. This important new book gauges how far India has been successful in achieving this goal by implementing the correct economic reform measures. There is a severe lack of solid analytical evidence or rigorous scientific studies on the success of India's economic reforms. The expert authors attempt to redress this imbalance with a thorough analysis of key aspects of the state of the Indian economy since 1991. Keeping poverty reduction as the major objective, they comprehensively discuss and identify further reform measures which are vital in the monetary, fiscal and agriculture sectors in order to maintain and improve the momentum of growth. When compared with East Asian countries including China, India's lacklustre growth performance indicates that the task of reform is far from over. The authors argue that India needs to pursue its reform process much more vigorously at both the central and state levels in order to achieve its full growth potential.Providing a comprehensive assessment of the impact of economic reforms in India, this book will appeal to policymakers, researchers and students with an interest in developing economies. Political scientists as well as economists in the fields of liberalisation and international development will also find this an engaging and enlightening volume.Trade Review'. . . contains a rich array of well-referenced empirical data, and the diversity of analytical perspectives make invaluable contributions. . . offers useful, up-to-date analyses of India's experience with liberalising reforms, and is sufficiently devoid of technical jargon to be accessible for scholars of whatever disciplinary background.' -- Martin Menski, Contemporary South AsiaTable of ContentsFull Contents: Preface Introduction Part I: Indian Economic Reforms in the East Asian Context 1. India’s Economic Reform Programme: Lessons from Classical Economics 2. The East Asian Experience and its Relevance to India Part II: What Type of Agricultural Reform is Needed? 3. Sequencing in India’s Reform Process: The Agriculture–Manufacturing Linkages 4. Agricultural Trade Liberalisation in South Asia: From the Uruguay Round to the Millennium Round 5. Impact of Sector-specific and Macro-level Reforms on Agriculture: Simulations of a Macroeconometric Model Part III: What is the Impact of Agricultural Reform on Poverty? 6. The Non-farm Economic Activities for the Alleviation of Rural Poverty and Inequality 7. Income Inequality and Convergence of Income Across Indian States 8. Poverty and Economic Growth in India 9. Making PRIs and ULBs More Autonomous and Effective Part IV: What Type of Monetary and Fiscal Reforms is Needed? 10. Issues in the Choice of a Monetary Regime for India 11. An Empirical Analysis of Monetary Transmission in India 12. Tax Policy in India 13. How to Think About Local Government Reform in India Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince the late 1980s, economic growth has again become a central topic in economic theorising. Recent endogenous growth theory has greatly contributed to the development of the field. Old and New Growth Theories analyses the most recent developments in the theory of economic growth and compares these to earlier theories. The book's originality is due in part to the assembly of contributions from scholars of different persuasions - some within the mainstream and others from Keynesian, Kaleckian and Sraffian traditions. The authors deal with a comprehensive variety of research topics including the key elements necessary to generate growth, the mechanisms of endogeneity of growth and technical change, the role of aggregate demand and of investment in physical and human capital. Economic policy issues are also considered.The book will be appreciated by scholars of economic growth, macroeconomics, classical and Keynesian economics as well as historians of economic thought.Trade Review'Researchers and advanced students who are interested in growth theory will gain a good introduction to current debates on the NGT.' -- Cheol-Soo Park, Review of Political EconomyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Old and New Growth Theories: A Unifying Structure? 2. ‘Old’ Thoughts on ‘New’ Growth Theory 3. Old and New Growth Theories: What Role for Aggregate Demand? 4. New Growth Theory, Effective Demand, and Post-Keynesian Dynamics 5. Exogenous and Endogenous Growth in the Solow and Arrow Models, and the Swan Proposition 6. Model Robustness in ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Growth Theory 7. On ‘Measuring’ Knowledge in New (Endogenous) Growth Theory 8. On the Mechanics of Technical Change: New and Old Ideas in Economic Growth 9. Technical Change, Effective Demand and Economic Growth 10. Schumpeterian Growth Theory and Schumpeter’s Monetary Ideas: A Suggested Integration 11. Distribution and Policy in the New Growth Literature 12. Does Investment Cause Growth? A Test of an Endogenous Demand-Driven Theory of Growth Applied to India 1950–96 13. When Romer Meets Lucas: On Human Capital, Imperfect Competition and Growth 14. The Enigma of Medieval Craft Guilds: A Model of Social Inertia and Technological Change 15. Effective Demand and Growth in a One-Sector Keynesian Model 16. Neo-Kaleckian Growth Dynamics and the State of Long-run Expectations: Wage- versus Profit-Led Growth Reconsidered Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisSince the 1940s, development thinking has been the subject of fierce debate and continual evolution. The authors of this book trace the ideas that have driven changing approaches to development, focusing also on the Prebisch-Singer Thesis, which seeks to explain the widening gaps between rich and poor nations, caused by unequal distribution of trade benefits. They discuss both aid during and after the cold war, and the rise and subsequent liberalisation crisis of the Asian 'Tiger Economies'.The Economic North-South Divide goes on to explore the structural roots of the debt crisis and considers the impact of debt management on North-South economic relations, exposing certain double standards that tilt global markets further against the South. Encouraged by recent successful opposition to neoliberalism, the authors finally propose ideas for a world where people seem to matter. This book is a welcome addition to the debate and will appeal to anyone interested in economic development and history.Trade Review'This is a distinguished book written by two distinguished analysts of, and commentators on, the outcomes and processes that have dominated the evolution of the global economic order over the last sixty years.' -- S. Subramanian, Journal of Social and Economic Development'What Raffer and Singer chose to do, they have done very well indeed.' -- Saud Choudhry, Development Policy ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Six Decades of Economic and Social Development Policies 2. Beyond Terms of Trade: Convergence, Divergence, and (Un)Creative Destruction 3. The Evolution of Development Thinking 4. The Neoliberal Tide of the ‘Washington Consensus’ 5. Aid to Development and the Bipolar World 6. ODA after the Cold War: Less Money at Tougher Conditions 7. Lomé: Reflecting North–South Relations since Colonial Times 8. Oil: Temporarily a Special Case 9. The Asian Tigers: What do they Prove? 10. The Debt Crisis: Historical Roots and ‘Debt Management’ During the 1980s 11. Too Little, Too Slowly: Dragging the Debt Problem into the Third Millennium 12. The WTO – Tilting Trade Rules Further Against the South 13. Textiles and Apparel: Double Standards of Adjustment and Transition 14. Towards a More Equal World Order Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book opens a fresh chapter in the debate on local enterprise clusters and their strategies for upgrading in the global economy. The authors employ a novel conceptual framework in their research on industrial clusters in Europe, Latin America and Asia and provide new perspectives and insights for researchers and policymakers alike.The debate on local upgrading capacity is torn between two lines of thinking: those who believe that local relationships between enterprises and institutions are key to upgrading, and those who argue that the spaces for upgrading are defined by the sourcing strategies of global buyers. From this debate a number of important questions arise: how feasible is it to develop local upgrading strategies? Can local policy networks make a difference, or do global forces undermine them? Do global quality and labour standards marginalise developing country producers or do they help them to upgrade? To answer these questions, the book brings together theoretical and empirical research on local and regional clusters, global value chains and global standards, using case studies from developed and developing countries. The authors provide a new understanding of how global and local governance interact, highlighting power and inequality in global chains but also identifying scope for local action.By showing how and why insertion in global value chains can accelerate or inhibit local upgrading, this book represents a significant contribution to the academic and political debate on globalization. It will be essential reading for all students, academics and researchers interested in global political economy, global and local governance structures, economic geography and innovation studies.Trade Review'This book is a remarkable endeavour, which develops a convincing conceptual framework by drawing on a vast body of literature, and effectively submits it to empirical validation. It makes very useful and accessible reading for all those interested in the many facets of globalisation and a necessary reference for those specialists working in the field of private sector development.' -- Federico Bonaglia, International Affairs'I would highly recommend the book for all those interested and seeking insights into local development, small businesses and industrial policy in a global context.' -- Peter van Dierman, Growth & Change'The book presents the results of an international research project, jointly organized by the Institute of Development Studies (United Kingdom) and the Institute for Development and Peace (Germany). It assembles the insights of over a dozen scholars from Western European and Latin American countries, many of whom are leading experts, and collects a wide range of examples and views that broaden and systematize our knowledge of the topic. Thus, the book represents a kind of "milestone" publication in its field. . . . the book extends frontiers of knowledge in various respects, in regard to conceptual, empirical, and political issues.' -- Martina Fromhold-Eisebith, Economic Geography'. . . this is an important book that combines a very interesting mix of regional and comparative case studies, based on a sound conceptualization presented in a reflexive manner. It pushes forward the debate on regional development and upgrading in a global economy. . .' -- Martin Hess, Journal of Economic GeographyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Globalized Localities: Introduction 2. Regions in the ‘World Economic Triangle’ 3. Making Sense of Global Standards 4. Governance in Global Value Chains 5. The Underground Revolution in the Sinos Valley: A Comparison of Upgrading in Global and National Value Chains 6. How Globalization Affects Italian Industrial Districts: The Case of Brenta 7. Upgrading in the Tile Industry of Italy, Spain and Brazil: Insights from Cluster and Value Chain Analysis 8. Local Upgrading Strategies in Response to Global Challenges: The Surgical Instrument Cluster of Tuttlingen, Germany 9. Clustering and Upgrading in Global Value Chains: The Taiwanese Personal Computer Industry 10. Global Quality Standards and Technological Upgrading in the Brazilian Auto-components Industry 11. The Effect of Global Standards on Local Producers: A Pakistani Case Study 12. Paradoxes and Ironies of Locational Policy in the New Global Economy 13. Chain Governance and Upgrading: Taking Stock Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisEast Asia is the most competitive and dynamic industrial region in the developing world. This is universally acknowledged but not yet fully understood. In particular, the different strategies the 'Tiger' economies used to access and absorb foreign technologies, and the interaction of technology imports with domestic technological effort, have not been sufficiently explored. This book addresses this imbalance with new country studies on the interaction between foreign direct investment (FDI) and technological activity in building export competitiveness. The book covers China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand, highlighting different strategic approaches to building capabilities in industrial enterprises. The book also includes a general overview and studies of Japanese multinationals overseas.Those interested in the critical role that technologies can play in promoting economic growth and competitiveness will find this study of great interest, especially academics and those in governments and agencies engaged in economic development policy.Table of ContentsContents Preface and acknowledgements 1 Introduction and overview Sanjaya Lall and Shujiro Urata 2 Foreign direct investment, technology development and competitiveness: issues and evidence Sanjaya Lall 3 Competitiveness and technology: an international comparison Hiroki Kawai and Shujiro Urata 4 Building technological capabilities with or without inward direct investment: the case of Japan Akira Goto and Hiroyuki Odagiri 5 Overseas R&D activities and intra-firm technology transfer: the case of Japanese multinationals Shujiro Urata and Hiroki Kawai 6 The dynamics of technology development: lessons from the Korea experience Linsu Kim 7 Technology acquisition and development in Taiwan Bee-Yan Aw 8 From using to creating technology: the evolution of Singapore’s national innovation system and the changing role of public policy Poh Kam Wong 9 In search of balance: technological development in China Yang Yao 10 Can the Philippines ever catch up? Joy V. Abrenica and Gwendolyn R. Tecson 11 Industrial technology transition in Malaysia Rajah Rasiah 12 Foreign direct investment, technology and competitiveness in Thailand Peter Brimble 13 Technology development in Indonesia Yumiko Okamoto and Fredrik Sjöholm Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe increasing scarcity of water resources (in terms of quantity and quality) is one of the most pervasive natural resource allocation issues facing development planners throughout the world. This problem is especially prevalent in less developed countries where the management of this valuable resource has become a critical policy concern. This authoritative new volume outlines the fundamental principles and difficulties that characterise this challenging task.The authors begin by detailing the significant problems of water management which are specific to developing countries. In particular, they highlight the political economy of water management in the context of both pricing and institutional reform. Five case studies from a variety of developing countries extend these themes and examine other important issues such as water markets, irrigation and the measurement of groundwater scarcity. Finally, using Cyprus as an example, the authors demonstrate the manner in which improved water management policies can be implemented in a developing country. This final part serves to illustrate the policy solutions to the problems laid out in earlier chapters.Government agencies, private consulting firms and NGOs working in the fields of water resource allocation and economic development will find this volume to be an enlightening read. Academics, practitioners and those who wish to be better informed about the role and value of water management in developing countries will also find this to be an invaluable source of reference.Trade Review'This book contains a good collection of articles about the economics and political economy of water management. . . This theoretical work is innovative and worth exploring especially when it is put in the context of problems and policies of developing countries. . . it is indeed a worthwhile collection for those dealing with natural resource management, in particular with water management.' -- Benchaphun Shinawatra Ekasingh, Quarterly Journal of International AgricultureTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Principles: Water Management Issues Surveyed 1. The Political Economy Context of Water-Pricing Reforms 2. The Political Economy of Institutional Reforms in Pakistan’s Irrigation Sector Part II: Problems: Case Studies of Special Difficulties in Developing Countries 3. Selection Through Water Markets 4. Willingness to Pay for Migratory Species Preservation: The Premium for Co-operative Agreements and Implications for Policy 5. Economic Instruments for Water Management in the Presence of Positive Externalities: The Case of Rice-based Irrigation in Sri Lanka 6. A New Methodology for Measuring Groundwater Scarcity: Theory and Application 7. Contrasting Different Methodologies to Deriving Natural Resource Scarcity Rents: Some Results from Cyprus Part III: Policies: A Case Study of Policy Making for Water Management in Cyprus 8. The Watershed Economics Management Approach: An Application to Cyprus 9. Water Management in Cyprus through a Decision-Support System 10. A Critical Examination of the New Integrated European Water Protection Regime Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisFrom Industrial Districts to Local Development introduces a set of papers representing the main contribution of the 'Florence school' to the recent literature on industrial districts. The authors illustrate that the revitalisation of the concept of industrial districts, returning to Alfred Marshall's nineteenth-century writings, is rooted in an unconventional interpretation of the economic development of Tuscany after the Second World War.Models of industrial organisation and empirical investigation of industrial tendencies are featured, and Alfred Marshall's concepts of the advantages of the geographical agglomeration of specialised small firms in industrial districts are reintroduced. The authors extend the analysis of purely economic effects of agglomeration, including social, cultural and institutional foundations of local development, and current case studies are presented.This book will appeal to scholars, lecturers and researchers focusing on industrial economics, development economics and economic geography. Its references to Italian political experiences will also be of interest to policymakers in both developed and developing countries.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword by Werner Sengenberger Introduction: An Itinerary Part I: The Development of Tuscany: Industrial Districts 1. Industrial Districts in the Development of Tuscany 2. The ‘Tuscan Model’ and Recent Trends 3. The Past in the Present: Prato’s People Part II: Inside the District: Clues for Theoreticians 4. The Governance of Transactions in the Industrial District: The ‘Commodity Market’ 5. The Incentives to Decentralised Creativity in Local Systems of Small Firms 6. Trust, Interlinking Transactions and Credit in the Industrial District 7. On Entrepreneurship, Region and the Constitution of Scale and Scope Economies Part III: Towards Local Development 8. Local Development in the Experience of Italian Industrial Districts 9. Local Governance and Industrial Districts’ Competitive Advantage 10. The Multiple Paths of Local Development 11. Towards a Geographical Redefinition of the Form of the State Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book uses household survey data from five Central Asian countries to analyse the important consequences of, and elements that constitute, the creation of a market economy. The countries studied - Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan - had taken minimal action towards creating a market economy before the dissolution of the USSR in late 1991. From similar initial conditions they have pursued different post-independence economic strategies, making them ideal candidates for comparative analysis.The pivotal question concerns the determination of living standards. Who gained and who lost from the transition to a market economy? Which characteristics are rewarded in a new market economy? How do national policies and other systematic factors affect these outcomes? The authors also address other important issues that have emerged during transition debates: the position of women and the role of small businesses. The book analyses the gender issue in the narrow, but significant, sense of what happened to women in the labour market and the authors also analyze the characteristics of households with non-farm businesses.This book will prove invaluable to academics and researchers of Asian studies and particularly those with an interest in economic development and labour economics within the region.Trade Review'Little work has been done, outside of organizations such as the International Labor Organization and the UNDP, to show the internal dynamics of reform. Western economists generally do not often delve into households and firms to see how these changes are impacting individuals at ground zero. Pomfret and Anderson do so. In these regards, this book breaks new ground.' -- Sharon Eicher, Central Eurasian Studies Review'A revealing, insightful text, highly recommended.' -- The Economics Shelf, Library Bookwatch'Anderson and Pomfret have done an excellent job showing that a great deal can be learned about Central Asia's economies from thoughtful analysis of existing micro data sets. They are not the only researchers to have used these data sets, but surely have set the standard for the application of careful, state-of-the-art econometric research to a wide range of poverty, labour market, and small business issues throughout the region. Indeed, few if any other researchers enjoy both experience in and understanding of the region as well as grounding in modern labour economics and econometrics. The result is a cornucopia of findings. The rising importance of tertiary education as the transition progresses; the declining advantages of Slavic ethnicity; the economic advantages of living in capital cities, and establishing small businesses there; the diminishing rather than growing gender gaps; and the presence of high taxes, predatory governments, and low demand rather than credit constraints as the key deterrents to small business development - these are but a few of the book's profound conclusions. These results and others will help inform policymakers and guide theoreticians, and significantly improve Central Asian and other economists' understanding of the region.' -- Charles M. Becker, University of Colorado, Denver, US'I found the book provided a fascinating insight into the changes in living standards and material welfare in Central Asia that have occurred in the decade since independence. The book is a valuable addition to the literature on poverty and household welfare in Central Asia, representing the first attempt to make consistent cross-national comparisons. It will be a compulsory reader for all those interested in poverty and welfare within the region, including academics and policy makers both nationally and from the international donor and NGO community.' -- Jane Falkingham, University of Southampton and London School of Economics, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The Central Asian Economies Before and After Independence 3. Economic Performance since Independence: Output, Distribution, and Poverty 4. Living Standards in the Kyrgyz Republic 5. Cross-country Comparisons of the Determinants of Living Standards 6. Women in the Labour Market in the Kyrgyz Republic 1993 and 1997 7. Household Non-farm Business Formation in the Kyrgyz Republic 1993–7 8. Conclusions Appendix: The LSMS Data References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book reveals significant lessons on how economic prosperity was secured for people over three decades in eight Asian countries. It focusses on the careful way in which these nations designed and implemented pro-growth, liberal economic and financial policies. A new phenomenon - namely financial fragility - in the more liberalised fast growth Asian economies is also examined.The authors explore why only some of the early reformers among China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, and Thailand succumbed to a serious financial crisis in 1997 whilst others did not. They also analyse the impact of policies implemented by the crisis-hit economies, either under the IMF restructuring programs or independent pursuit of capital and currency controls. The book goes on to identify the weaknesses of the banking sector in order to explain the reasons behind the financial crisis. The book concludes with lessons for other emerging economies undertaking economic and financial development through liberalization. These examples reveal policies that could be prescribed in order to prevent future problems. Focusing on post-crisis reforms and their policy impacts, and on post-crisis evaluation of restructuring implemented in the financial sector, this book will appeal to academics and those with specific interests in Asian studies and/or banking and finance. Policymakers - in particular those at central banks and treasuries, along with professionals in financial institutions and multinational firms, will find the book to be a fascinating read.Trade Review'The book is well written and documented. It has assembled a large quantity of valuable data and provides objective and cogent analyses. . . the book is a significant contribution to Asian economic studies.' -- Chu-yuan Cheng, Comparative Economic Studies'. . . a potentially valuable resource for a geographic approach to the study of economic growth and development in Asia.' -- S.J. Gabriel, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Hal Hill Preface 1. Liberalization: Asia’s New-Found Development Strategy 2. Asian Financial Markets: From Crisis to Recoveries 3. China: A Command Economy Responding Well to Market Signals for a Long While Now 4. India: More than a Decade of Liberalization, Yet Not Fast Enough 5. Indonesia: Liberalization Amidst Exchange Rate and Now Growing Political Stability 6. South Korea: A Case of Capital Account Liberalization, Growth Collapse and Reforms to Recovery 7. Malaysia: Liberalization under Exchange and Capital Controls 8. Pakistan: Liberalization with Internal and External Shocks 9. Singapore: Continual Reforms to Maintain Financial Centre Status 10. Thailand: Open External Sector, Exposed Financial Sector 11. Lessons for Development through Liberalization Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisLatin American countries have now privatized a large number of their utility industries and make more use of market approaches to delivery through networks. Privatization has major consequences for efficiency, long-term growth, consumer welfare and income distribution but insufficient attention has been paid to the direct effect on consumers of regulation and the introduction of competition. This book assesses how reform processes can be improved, particularly in the light of experience in some Latin American and European countries. The authors address the question of infrastructure reforms in a novel way by focusing on the impact which they can have on consumers through the prices paid by different groups and on their access to the networks. They analyse original material from four Latin American countries - Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru - and two European countries - Spain and the UK. Access is especially relevant when considering immature systems which have not yet extended to cover the majority of the population, as is the case in many Latin American countries. The authors also address the widespread impact of privatization on the economy (via macroeconomic influences) and the more general issues of subsidies and regulation which are endemic to these industries. The book focuses on the reform of four sectors: telecommunications, electricity, gas, and water and sanitation.Academics, students, practitioners and policymakers specialising in economics, development and institutional reform will value the book's unique focus on the consumer experience of utility privatization and regulation, complemented by the rigorous case study analysis of the effects on prices and access.Trade Review'Whether a casual student of the subject or a specialist on utility privatization and regulation, this book captures the attention of the reader with a structure for each of the 10 chapters that takes one through a succinct yet informative background, thereby setting the tone for understanding the authors' hypothesis and conclusions, regardless of whether one agrees with them. In summary, this is a timely, well-written book that makes a relatively novel contribution to the aftermath assessment of utility privatization and regulation in some Latin American and European countries.' -- Sergio Galina-Hidalgo, The Journal of Energy and DevelopmentTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Access, Affordability and Institutions 1. Introduction 2. Access by the Poor in Latin America’s Utility Reform: Subsidies and Service Obligations 3. Access to Utilities by the Poor: A Global Perspective 4. Consumer Participation and Pro-poor Regulation in Latin America Part II: Country Case Studies 5. UK Utility Reform: Distributional Implications and Government Response 6. The Reform of the Utilities Sector in Spain 7. The Reform of the Utilities Sector in Argentina 8. Can the Gains from Argentina’s Utilities Reform Offset Credit Shocks? 9. Capitalization, Regulation and the Poor: Access to Basic Services in Bolivia 10. Redistributive Impact of Privatization and Regulation of Utilities in Chile 11. The Social Impact of Privatization and the Regulation of Utilities in Peru Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisExamining cutting-edge issues of international relevance in the ongoing redesign of the South African local government fiscal system, the contributors to this volume analyze the major changes that have taken place since the demise of apartheid. The 1996 Constitution and subsequent legislation dramatically redefined the public sector, mandating the development of democratic local governments empowered to provide a wide variety of key public services. However, the definition and implementation of new local functions and the supporting democratic decision-making and managerial capabilities are emerging more slowly than expected. Some difficult choices and challenges commonly faced by developing countries must be dealt with before the system can evolve to more effectively meet the substantial role envisioned for local governments. The contributors outline these choices and challenges, consider options for meeting them, and review the implications of different decisions. Their analyses also highlight the interrelationships among the elements of the local fiscal structure, and emphasize the often-ignored challenge of how to define an appropriate fiscal decentralization implementation strategy in an environment where local governments are extremely diverse in terms of needs, resources and capacities. Though the research, much of it based on newly collected data, is specific to South Africa, the approach provides a model for other countries facing similar fiscal decentralization policy challenges.Applied public finance and policy academics, policymakers in developing countries, researchers and program managers in international development organizations, and students interested in local government finance in developing countries will find this timely and comprehensive volume a valuable addition to their libraries.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Overview of Fiscal Decentralization in South Africa 2. Municipal Powers and Functions: The Assignment Question 3. Overview of the Local Government Revenue System 4. Property Taxation 5. The Regional Service Council Levy 6. Intergovernmental Transfers: The Equitable Share 7. Integrating Fiscal Decentralization Reforms and the Challenges of Implementation Annexes Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAccording to many observers, the global digital divide - the extent to which information technology is benefiting developed as opposed to developing countries - has already established itself as the single most pervasive theme of the twenty-first century. The purpose of this book is to explore some of the ways in which this divide can be overcome both within and between nations. Employing a rigorous analytical framework, the author bases his analysis on the concept of international technological dualism. He argues that one possible solution to the problem is the availability of affordable technologies, such as low-cost computers, which are specifically designed for the income levels and socio-economic conditions of developing countries. He also emphasises that the most important aim of any policy measure should be to provide universal access to information technologies, rather than individual ownership. Depending on whether or not this divide can be bridged will, to a large degree, determine whether developing countries are able to attain higher levels of productivity, prosperity and global integration.Development economists, international policymakers and NGOs will all welcome the book's emphasis on various low cost technologies and their application in communal settings in the developing world. The non-technical nature of this volume will also make it accessible to a broader audience who wish to understand ways of alleviating this critical problem which has the potential to become even more acute as new and ever more complex technologies emerge.Trade Review'James' Bridging the Global Digital Divide tackles an important topic: he is to be commended for bringing the focus of discussion on information and communication technologies to the capabilities and trajectories of developing countries.' -- Andrew Murphy, Economic Geography Research GroupTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Explaining the Global Digital Divide 1. Convergence and Divergence in the Global Economy: The Role of Technical Change 2. The Digital Divide between Nations as International Technological Dualism Part II: Bridging the Global Digital Divide 3. The Global Information Infrastructure Revisited 4. Low-cost Information Technology in Developing Countries: Current Opportunities and Emerging Possibilities 5. Low-cost Computing and Related Ways of Overcoming the Global Digital Divide 6. Open-source Software and the Digital Divide: Opportunities and Constraints for Developing Countries 7. Sustainable Internet Access for the Rural Poor? Elements of an Emerging Indian Model 8. A Web-based Registry of Low-cost Information Technologies for Developing Countries? 9. Universal Access to Information Technology in Developing Countries 10. The Human Development Report 2001 and Information Technology for Developing Countries: An Evaluation Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book offers a detailed, critical account of the economic transformation of the Czech Republic since 1989. It follows the development and implementation of a reform strategy based on 'shock' therapy and rapid privatisation, set against the background of turbulent political change and conflict. The aim of the government in the mid 1990s was the creation of a 'Czech' capitalism, with Czech-owned business empires and banks. A detailed analysis of developments in banking and industrial enterprises shows how the chosen strategy led instead to continuing inefficiency, flawed management decisions and uncontrolled profiteering. These combined factors contributed to serious economic difficulties in the latter part of the decade, with success stories largely confined to foreign-owned firms. After 1998, a new government attempted to encourage economic revival based upon a fresh strategy which emphasised the sale of banks and industrial enterprises to foreign owners. Even with this new reform strategy, the author concludes that the results were, at best, mixed. Throughout the analysis, the author provides in-depth commentary on a variety of topics including the sources of economic growth, the role of the central bank, developments in banking and industrial enterprises and the impact of inward direct investment.It is rare to find such a comprehensive book which assesses the economic transformations of a single country. The detailed analysis and pertinent conclusions will be welcomed by academics and researchers with an interest in transition economies, European integration, international finance and political science.Trade Review'No other book tells the Czech story so closely and impressively. Myant uses rich sources of information, the original among them being commentaries on individual events by economic journalists and insiders.' -- Jiri Vecernik, Slavic ReviewTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Towards Economic Reform 3. The Transformation Depression 4. The Golden Age and After 5. Money and the Central Bank 6. Politicians and the Central Bank 7. Voucher Privatisation and After 8. Banks and the Czech Road 9. Transforming Industrial Enterprises 10. Government and Industry 11. Skoda–Plzen 12. Chemicals – A Failure for Privatisation 13. Inward Investment and Competitiveness 14. Conclusion References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis significant book demonstrates how the 'systems of innovation' approach can be utilised to understand the complex interactions between innovation and growth which, in turn, can enhance the prospects of developing nations.Systems of Innovation and Development confronts the challenges and opportunities of the knowledge era, focusing particularly on the new conditions for industrial and technological advancement. The distinguished contributors address many of the most significant issues including the globalising learning economy, the finance-dominated accumulation regime, learning and development divides, systems of innovation and local productive arrangements. They also define the conceptual and methodological instruments which can be used to analyse and understand the core issues of learning, knowledge and innovation. In doing so, they demonstrate the value of the systems of innovation approach in the design and implementation of strategic development policies which are urgently required in many countries. This book represents a significant contribution to the debates surrounding globalisation and local systems of innovation. The diverse perspectives on global and local processes combined with original insights on developing countries will be of immense value to scholars and students of economics, social science, political science, and business administration. The book will also be of interest to policymakers in governmental and non-governmental bodies, particularly international development agencies.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword Preface 1. Systems of Innovation for Development in the Knowledge Era: An Introduction Part I: Systems of Innovation for Development in the Knowledge Era 2. Structure and Development of a Knowledge Based Economy: The Policy Implications 3. The Financing of Innovation-Related Investment in the Contemporary Global Finance-Dominated Accumulation Regime 4. A Hard Landing for the ‘New Economy’? Information Technology and the United States National System of Innovation 5. Promoting Innovation Systems as a Response to the Globalizing Learning Economy 6. Globalization and Glocalization: Problems for Developing Countries and Policy (Supranational, National and Subnational) Implications 7. Globalization, Territorial Scales and Regionalized Technology Policy in Brazil 8. On the Policy Implications of Variety Growth for Developing and Industrializing Countries 9. From Local Clusters to Innovation Systems 10. Clusters and Chains: How Inter-Firm Organization Influences Industrial Upgrading 11. Knowledge, Innovation and Learning: Systems and Policies in the North and in the South 12. Macroeconomic Regimes and Business Strategies: An Alternative Industrial Policy for Brazil in the Wake of the 21st Century Part II: Local Productive Clusters and Innovation Systems in Brazil 13. Clustering in a Backward Region: The Footwear Productive System in Campina Grande 14. Learning Trajectories and Upgrading Strategies in the Footwear Productive System of Sinos Valley/RS 15. Textile and Clothing Local Productive System in the Itajai Valley: Local Capabilities and Partial Interactive Learning 16. Exploiting Natural Resources Without Local Co-ordination: Ornamental Stones Productive Systems in Espírito Santo (ES) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ) States 17. Strengthening and Weakening Local Capabilities: The Case of the Local Innovation System in the Paraná Soybean Agroindustrial Sector 18. Liberalization and Local Innovative Capabilities: The Fiat Supplier Network in Minas Gerais 19. Downgrading Local Capabilities in IT: The Telecom Innovation System in Campinas 20. Building up Complex Production Systems in Developing Countries: The Embraer Experience 21. The Metal-Mechanic Production System in Espírito Santo: Commodity Exports and Local Industrial Capabilities 22. Structural Features of Local Productive Systems in the Brazilian Economy: A Comparative Analysis 23. Local Productive and Innovative Systems in Brazil: A Policy Perspective Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis two-volume collection examines the major developments in growth theory over the past decade. Key papers by leading scholars cover new trends in theoretical and empirical research. The first volume shows how new research has improved our understanding of the empirical patterns of economic growth and has posed new challenges for theory. The second volume contains articles which have pushed the theory of economic growth in new directions and work which has responded to the challenges raised by empirical research.The editor has written an authoritative introduction which presents a comprehensive overview of the selected papers.Table of ContentsContents: Volume I: Empirical Patterns Acknowledgements Introduction Daron Acemoglu PART I INCOME DIFFERENCES: CONVERGENCE, DIVERGENCE, STABILITY AND REVERSAL 1. Lant Pritchett (1997), ‘Divergence, Big Time’ 2. Charles I. Jones (1997), ‘On the Evolution of the World Income Distribution’ 3. Danny T. Quah (1997), ‘Empirics for Growth and Distribution: Stratification, Polarization, and Convergence Clubs’ 4. Francesco Caselli, Gerardo Esquivel and Fernando Lefort (1996), ‘Reopening the Convergence Debate: A New Look at Cross-Country Growth Empirics’ 5. Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson (2002), ‘Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions in the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution’ PART II PROXIMATE CAUSES OF INCOME DIFFERENCES 6. N. Gregory Mankiw, David Romer and David N. Weil (1992), ‘A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth’ 7. Alwyn Young (1995), ‘The Tyranny of Numbers: Confronting the Statistical Realities of the East Asian Growth Experience’ 8. Peter J. Klenow and Andrés Rodríguez-Clare (1997), ‘The Neoclassical Revival in Growth Economics: Has It Gone Too Far?’ 9. Robert E. Hall and Charles I. Jones (1999), ‘Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker Than Others?’ PART III FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS ON INVESTMENT AND GROWTH 10. Jayaratne Jith and Philip Strahan (1996), ‘The Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Bank Branch Deregulation’ 11. Raghuram G. Rajan and Luigi Zingales (1998), ‘Financial Dependence and Growth’ PART IV SCHOOLING AND GROWTH 12. Mark Bils and Peter J. Klenow (2000), ‘Does Schooling Cause Growth?’ 13. Daron Acemoglu and Joshua Angrist (2000), ‘How Large Are Human-Capital Externalities? Evidence from Compulsory Schooling Laws’ 14. Lutz Hendricks (2002), ‘How Important Is Human Capital for Development? Evidence from Immigrant Earnings’ PART V TECHNOLOGY AND SPILLOVERS 15. Adam B. Jaffe, Manuel Trajtenberg and Rebecca Henderson (1993), ‘Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations’ 16. Douglas A. Irwin and Peter J. Klenow (1994), ‘Learning-by-Doing Spillovers in the Semiconductor Industry’ PART VI FUNDAMENTAL CAUSES OF INCOME DIFFERENCES 17. William Easterly and Ross Levine (1997), ‘Africa’s Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions’ 18. Steven Knack and Philip Keefer (1995), ‘Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross-Country Tests Using Alternative Institutional Measures’ 19. Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A. Robinson (2001), ‘The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation’ Name Index Volume II: Theory Acknowledgements An introduction by the editor to both volumes appears in Volume I PART I ENDOGENOUS TECHNICAL CHANGE WITHOUT SCALE EFFECTS 1. Charles I. Jones (1995), ‘R & D-Based Models of Economic Growth’ 2. Alwyn Young (1998), ‘Growth without Scale Effect’ PART II DIRECTED TECHNICAL CHANGE 3. Daron Acemoglu (2002), ‘Directed Technical Change’ 4. Daron Acemoglu (2003), ‘Labor- and Capital-Augmenting Technical Change’ PART III DIFFUSION, ADOPTION AND APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY 5. Stephen L. Parente and Edward C. Prescott (1994), ‘Barriers to Technology Adoption and Development’ 6. Elhanan Helpman and Manuel Trajtenberg (1998), ‘A Time to Sow and a Time to Reap: Growth Based on General Purpose Technologies’ 7. Susanto Basu and David N. Weil (1998), ‘Appropriate Technology and Growth’ 8. Daron Acemoglu and Fabrizio Zilibotti (2001), ‘Productivity Differences’ 9. Peter Howitt (2000), ‘Endogenous Growth and Cross-Country Income Differences’ PART IV MARKET STRUCTURE AND GROWTH 10. Daron Acemoglu and Fabrizio Zilibotti (1997), ‘Was Prometheus Unbound by Chance? Risk, Diversification, and Growth’ 11. Philippe Aghion, Christopher Harris, Peter Howitt and John Vickers (2001), ‘Competition, Imitation and Growth with Step-by-Step Innovation’ PART V TRADE, LOCATION OF PRODUCTION AND GROWTH 12. Paul Krugman and Anthony J. Venables (1995), ‘Globalization and the Inequality of Nations’ 13. Jaume Ventura (1997), ‘Growth and Interdependence’ 14. Daron Acemoglu and Jaume Ventura (2002), ‘The World Income Distribution’ PART VI TECHNOLOGY AND INEQUALITY 15. Daron Acemoglu (1998), ‘Why Do New Technologies Complement Skills? Directed Technical Change and Wage Inequality’ 16. Oded Galor and Omer Maov (2000), ‘Ability-Biased Technological Transition, Wage Inequality, and Economic Growth’ 17. Per Krusell, Lee E. Ohanian, José-Víctor Ríos-Rull and Giovanni L. Violante (2000), ‘Capital-Skill Complementarity and Inequality: A Macroeconomic Analysis’ PART VII UNDERSTANDING POLICY AND INSTITUTIONS 18. Per Krusell and José-Víctor Ríos-Rull (1996), ‘Vested Interests in a Positive Theory of Stagnation and Growth’ 19. Philip R. Lane and Aaron Tornell (1996), ‘Power, Growth, and the Voracity Effect’ 20. Roland Bénabou (2000), ‘Unequal Societies: Income Distribution and the Social Contract’ 21. Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson (2000), ‘Political Losers as a Barrier to Economic Development’ 22. Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson (2000), ‘Why Did the West Extend the Franchise? Democracy, Inequality, and Growth in Historical Perspective’ 23. François Bourguignon and Thierry Verdier (2000), ‘Oligarchy, Democracy, Inequality and Growth’ Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book, a group of distinguished authors addresses three broad questions: what broad strategies and macroeconomic policies best support poverty reduction efforts in Asia; what role should targeted antipoverty interventions play, and how should such interventions be designed; and how is poverty measured, what new approaches are needed, and how does measurement affect our understanding of poverty. Each of these three broad themes is also considered together in chapters examining the poverty situations in a number of countries in Asia and the Pacific.The book represents a major scholarly contribution of the Asian Development Bank to the literature on poverty in the region it serves. The organization adopted poverty reduction as the principal objective of its lending in 1999. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of development economics and Asian studies, and will be useful reading for policymakers and development practitioners working in national, international or nongovernmental organizations.A Joint Publication with the Asian Development BankTrade Review'The edited collection presents thoughtful and up-to-date analyses that significantly improve our understanding of poverty in Asia, both from a theoretical and empirical standpoint.' -- Ugo Pica Ciamarra, Progress in Development Studies'This is a rich collection of papers by distinguished authors. . . this book clearly contributes to the empirical understanding of poverty in Asia, and can spur debate and better understanding in designing poverty reduction strategies in Asia. It will certainly be important reading for policymakers and scholars of development economics and Asian studies.' -- Vivi Alatas, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Tadao Chino Introduction Part I: The Macroeconomy, Globalization, and Pro-Poor Growth 1. Marginalization in a Globalizing World: Some Plausible Scenarios and Suggestions for Measurement 2. Balanced Development: An Approach to Development Policy and Priorities 3. Poverty Analysis and Measurement within a General Equilibrium Framework 4. Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Reduction: Stylized Facts and an Overview of Research Part II: Targeting Urban or Industrial Sectors 5. New Technologies, Competitiveness, and Poverty Reduction 6. Use of Information Technology for Poverty Reduction: A Case Study of Efforts in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh 7. Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Equitable Growth and Poverty Alleviation Part III: New Developments and Issues in Poverty Measurement 8. Poverty Lines: Eight Countries’ Experiences and the Issue of Specificity and Consistency 9. Poverty Comparison in the Philippines: Is What We Know About the Poor Robust? 10. Assessing the Poverty Impact of Policy- and Sector-Based Lending Part IV: Country Studies 11. Pathways of Poverty Reduction: Rural Development and Transmission Mechanisms in the Philippines 12. Structural Adjustment, Macroeconomic Policies, and Poverty Trends in Pakistan 13. The Poverty Situation and Policy in Sri Lanka 14. Pacific Islands: Is Poverty an Issue? 15. Opening Doors to More Inclusive Societies: The Case of the Pacific Island Countries Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis collection brings together Peter Nijkamp's work in the areas of innovation, entrepreneurship, growth and spatial development. The first part comprises work of a theoretical nature and addresses issues such as the micro-economic foundation of spatial development, the relevance of spatial innovation and urban incubation theory, the role of network growth, policy and the importance of novel evolutionary perspectives for understanding regional economic dynamics. The second part focuses attention on empirical macro and meso dimensions of economic development, dealing inter alia with the economic growth impact of public policy, the local factors critical for successful innovation, the importance of networks for regional growth and the implications of the rational expectations paradigm for industrial dynamics. The third part focuses on empirical micro-studies of economic performance and the final part emphasises the scope and effect of public policy for spatial-economic performance, including policies for ICT, regional development, urban sustainability and learning capabilities. This collection will be essential reading for scholars and students interested in regional science, innovation studies, entrepreneurship and economic development.Table of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction Part I: Theory 1. Spatial Perspectives on New Theories of Economic Growth 2. Endogenous Production of R&D and Stable Economic Development 3. Spatial Dispersion of Technological Innovation: A Review 4. Entrepreneurship in a Modern Network Economy 5. Resilience: An Evolutionary Approach to Spatial Economic Systems Part II: Macro and Regional Studies 6. Growth Effects of Governmental Policies: A Comparative Analysis in a Multi-Country Context 7. Local Opportunities and Innovative Behaviour: A Meta-Analytic Study of European Cities 8. Spatial Dynamics and Government Policy: An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Comparing Complex Systems 9. Regional Variations in Production Network Externalities 10. Industrial Dynamics and Rational Expectations in a Spatial Setting Part III: Micro Studies 11. Information Use and Company Performance: An Application to the Retail Electrical Appliances Sector 12. Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the SME Sector 13. Investment Expectations of Entrepreneurs: An Empirical Analysis at the Firm Level 14. A Flow Approach to Industrial Sites, Firm Dynamics and Regional Employment Growth: A Case Study of Amsterdam-North Part IV: Policy 15. Information-Communications Technologies (ICT) and Transport: Does Knowledge Underpin Policy? 16. A Comparative Industrial Profile Analysis of Urban Regions in Western Europe: An Application of Rough Set Classification 17. A Meta-analytical Evaluation of Sustainable City Initiatives 18. Comparative Regional Policy Impact Analysis: Ex Post Evaluation of the Performance of the European Regional Development Fund 19. The Learning Capabilities of Regions: Conceptual Policies and Patterns Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn both regional and multilateral trade negotiations farm trade issues have been by far the most contentious and difficult to conclude. WTO rules for agricultural trade have yet to be brought into line with those for other goods. As a result, legal agricultural trade disputes at the WTO account for about 40 per cent of cases to date, even though agriculture accounts for only seven per cent of international trade and five per cent of global output. This authoritative and timely collection presents the most important published articles on this subject. The WTO and Agriculture discusses the following questions: Why have agricultural markets been noted for relatively high degrees of government intervention and in particular for rising levels of protection? How was agricultural trade treated in the GATT and WTO? Has the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture helped to resolve trade conflicts in world markets? What new opportunities and challenges are on the horizon? This collection will be an accessible reference source not only for economists but also for those readers with a law or political science background.Trade Review'. . . the collection is an interesting mixture and is to be recommended for graduate students and scientists as well as policymakers.' -- Sabine Daude, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'Anderson and Josling are world-class experts on the economics of agriculture and its interface with WTO issues. Besides, the dismantling of agricultural trade barriers and subsidies is the next big agenda before the WTO. This book is therefore both topical and hugely instructive. No scholar or policymaker can afford not to read it.' -- Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia University, US'This collection on the global trading system will be immensely helpful for scholars, students and analysts. The sound basis of trade research over the past three decades presented here highlights the opportunity for progress in economic development through open agriculture trade.' -- Joachim von Braun, Director General, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)'The chaotic attempts to bring Food and Agriculture under international trading rules have generated a literature on the subject that is equally unruly. Kym Anderson and Timothy Josling have done a superb job in selecting key historical materials that explain past and present agricultural trade policy, and that provide useful signposts for the future on topics as diverse as state trading and GMOs. Professionals will find these two small volumes worthy substitutes for the hundreds of trade references that now clutter their bookshelves.' -- Walter P. Falcon, Stanford University, USTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Kym Anderson and Tim Josling PART I THE GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL PROTECTIONISM 1. C.P. Kindleberger (1975), ‘The Rise of Free Trade in Western Europe, 1820–1875’ 2. Kym Anderson, Yujiro Hayami and Masayoshi Honma (1986), ‘The Growth of Agricultural Protection’ 3. Peter H. Lindert (1991), ‘Historical Patterns of Agricultural Policy’ 4. Michael Tracy (1989), ‘The Formation of the Common Agricultural Policy’ 5. Anne O. Krueger, Maurice Schiff and Alberto Valdés (1988), ‘Agricultural Incentives in Developing Countries: Measuring the Effect of Sectoral and Economywide Policies’ PART II DOMESTIC POLICIES AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE DISTORTIONS 6. D. Gale Johnson ([1973] 1991), ‘Politics and Economics and Farmers’, ‘New Directions for Agricultural Policy in the Industrial Countries’ and ‘Negotiations for Freer Trade in Agricultural Products’ 7. Gordon C. Rausser (1982), ‘Political Economic Markets: PERTs and PESTs in Food and Agriculture’ 8. Kym Anderson (1995), ‘Lobbying Incentives and the Pattern of Protection in Rich and Poor Countries’ 9. Bruce L. Gardner (1987), ‘Causes of U.S. Farm Commodity Programs’ PART III QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF TRADE-DISTORTING POLICIES PRE-URUGUAY ROUND 10. Alberto Valdés and Joachim Zietz (1980), Agricultural Protection in OECD Countries: Its Cost to Less-Developed Countries 11. Tim Josling and Stefan Tangermann (1990), ‘Measuring Levels of Protection in Agriculture: A Survey of Approaches and Results’ and ‘Panel Discussion’ 12. R. Tyers and K. Anderson (1988), ‘Liberalising OECD Agricultural Policies in the Uruguay Round: Effects on Trade and Welfare’ 13. Vernon O. Roningen and Praveen M. Dixit (1989), How Level is the Playing Field? An Economic Analysis of Agricultural Policy Reforms in Industrial Market Economies 14. Sherman Robinson (1990), ‘Analysing Agricultural Trade Liberalization with Single Country Computable General Equilibrium Models’ PART IV GATT NEGOTIATIONS AND AGRICULTURAL POLICIES PRE-URUGUAY ROUND 15. Kenneth W. Dam (1970), ‘Temperate Agricultural Commodities’ 16. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1958), ‘Agricultural Protectionism in the Industrial Countries’ 17. T.K. Warley (1967), ‘Problems of World Trade in Agricultural Products’ 18. William J. Davey (1993), ‘The Rules for Agricultural Trade in GATT’ 19. Timothy E. Josling, Stefan Tangermann and T.K. Warley (1996), ‘Trade Rules in Crisis: The GATT Committee on Trade in Agriculture’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An introduction by the editors to both volumes appears in Volume I PART I THE URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE 1. Dale E. Hathaway and Merlinda D. Ingco (1996), ‘Agricultural Liberalization and the Uruguay Round’ 2. William D. Coleman and Stefan Tangermann (1999), ‘The 1992 CAP Reform, the Uruguay Round and the Commission: Conceptualizing Linked Policy Games’ 3. Richard A. Higgott and Andrew Fenton Cooper (1990), ‘Middle Power Leadership and Coalition Building: Australia, the Cairns Group, and the Uruguay Round of Trade Negotiations’ 4. Kym Anderson (2001), ‘Bringing Discipline to Agricultural Policy via the WTO’ 5. Stefan Tangermann (2002), ‘Agriculture on the Way to Firm International Trading Rules’ PART II THE URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 6. Donna Roberts (1998), ‘Preliminary Assessment of the Effects of the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Trade Regulations’ 7. Richard H. Snape and David Orden (2001), ‘Integrating Import Risk and Trade Benefit Analysis’ 8. Sallie James and Kym Anderson (1998), ‘On the Need for More Economic Assessment of Quarantine Policies’ PART III GATT/WTO AGRICULTURAL TRADE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 9. Louis L. Snyder (1945), ‘The American-German Pork Dispute, 1879–1891’ 10. T. Josling and S. Tangermann (2003), ‘Production and Export Subsidies in Agriculture: Lessons from GATT and WTO Disputes Involving the US and the EC’ 11. Jean-Christophe Bureau, Stephan Marette and Alessandra Schiavina (1998), ‘Non-tariff Trade Barriers and Consumers' Information: The Case of the EU-US Trade Dispute Over Beef’ 12. Tim Josling (2003), ‘Bananas and the WTO: Testing the New Dispute Settlement Process’ PART IV NEW NEGOTIATIONS AND “NEW” ISSUES FOR AGRICULTURE 13. Stefan Tangermann and Tim Josling (2001), ‘Issues in the Next Round of WTO Agricultural Negotiations’ 14. Philip L. Paarlberg, Maury Bredahl and John G. Lee (2002), ‘Multifunctionality and Agricultural Trade Negotiations’ 15. Kym Anderson (1992), ‘Agricultural Trade Liberalisation and the Environment: A Global Perspective’ 16. Neil McCulloch, L. Alan Winters and Xavier Cirera (2001), ‘Agricultural Trade Reform’ 17. Grant E. Isaac and William A. Kerr (2003), ‘Genetically Modified Organisms and Trade Rules: Identifying Important Challenges for the WTO’ 18. David Blandford, Jean-Christophe Bureau, Linda Fulponi and Spencer Henson (2002), ‘Potential Implications of Animal Welfare Concerns and Public Policies in Industrialized Countries for International Trade’ 19. Peter Holmes and Robert Read (2001), ‘Competition Policy, Agriculture and the WTO’ 20. Tim Josling (1997), State Trading: The Achilles Heel of the WTO? Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAid is one of the major issues in development and international relations. Over the last 50 years there have been remarkable changes in our understanding of aid's limits and potentialities as an instrument of economic, social and political change. This important collection brings together major landmark contributions to the analysis, structured around key issues and debates and offers an overview of present understanding. Aid's role in the new global political economy is under intense scrutiny, as analysts, politicians and civil society struggle to reach a consensus on such issues as how much and what kinds of aid to support, to which countries to allocate aid and under what conditions. Equally accessible to economists and non-economists, Foreign Aid in the New Global Economy provides an invaluable reference for anyone with a policy interest in aid, its consequences for international development and the theoretical underpinnings.Trade Review'Foreign aid to developing countries will never leave the political agenda; nor will the debate on the form it should take. The editors of this volume have performed the valuable task of bringing together 32 key papers on the political economy of aid; its distribution, and its costs and benefits to donors and recipients. To have all these papers in one volume will make the task of teaching that much easier, and will be an invaluable reference work for policymakers and practitioners.' -- A.P. Thirlwall, University of Kent, Canterbury, UKTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Peter Burnell and Oliver Morrissey PART I INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AID 1. Peter Bauer and Basil Yamey (1982), ‘Foreign Aid: What is at Stake?’ 2. John M. Cohen, Merilee S. Grindle and S. Tjip Walker (1985), ‘Foreign Aid and Conditions Precedent: Political and Bureaucratic Dimensions’ 3. Peter Burnell (1994), ‘Good Government and Democratization: A Sideways Look at Aid and Political Conditionality’ 4. Brian R. Opeskin (1996), ‘The Moral Foundations of Foreign Aid’ 5. Michael Edwards and David Hulme (1996), ‘Too Close for Comfort? The Impact of Official Aid on Nongovernmental Organizations’ 6. Barbara Connolly (1996), ‘Increments for the Earth: The Politics of Environmental Aid’ 7. Thomas Carothers (1997), ‘Democracy Assistance: The Question of Strategy’ 8. Tony Killick (1997), ‘Principals, Agents and the Failings of Conditionality’ 9. Simon Maxwell and Roger Riddell (1998), ‘Conditionality or Contract: Perspectives on Partnership for Development’ 10. Lisa Ann Richey (2000), ‘Gender Equality and Foreign Aid’ 11. Jose E. Leandro, Hartwig Schafer and Gaspar Frontini (1999), ‘Towards A More Effective Conditionality: An Operational Framework’ 12. Ngaire Woods (2000), ‘The Challenge of Good Governance for the IMF and the World Bank Themselves’ PART II THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT: AID EFFECTIVENESS 13. Keith Griffin (1970), ‘Foreign Capital, Domestic Savings and Economic Development’ 14. Paul Mosley, John Hudson and Sara Horrell (1987), ‘Aid, the Public Sector and the Market in Less Developed Countries’ 15. Edmar L. Bacha (1990), ‘A Three-Gap Model of Foreign Transfers and the GDP Growth Rate in Developing Countries’ 16. Craig Burnside and David Dollar (2000), ‘Aid, Policies, and Growth’ 17. Henrik Hansen and Finn Tarp (2001), ‘Aid and Growth Regressions’ PART III AID AND GOVERNMENT FISCAL BEHAVIOUR 18. Peter S. Heller (1975), ‘A Model of Public Fiscal Behavior in Developing Countries: Aid, Investment, and Taxation’ 19. Howard Pack and Janet Rothenberg Pack (1990), ‘Is Foreign Aid Fungible? The Case of Indonesia’ 20. Susana Franco-Rodriguez, Oliver Morrissey and Mark McGillivray (1998), ‘Aid and the Public Sector in Pakistan: Evidence with Endogenous Aid’ 21. Mark McGillivray and Oliver Morrissey (2000), ‘Aid Fungibility in Assessing Aid: Red Herring or True Concern?’ PART IV THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AID ALLOCATION 22. R.D. McKinlay and R. Little (1977), ‘A Foreign Policy Model of U.S. Bilateral Aid Allocation’ 23. Alfred Maizels and Machiko K. Nissanke (1984), ‘Motivations for Aid to Developing Countries’ 24. Mark McGillivray and Edward Oczkowski (1992), ‘A Two-part Sample Selection Model of British Bilateral Foreign Aid Allocation’ 25. Enzo Grilli and Markus Riess (1992), ‘EC Aid to Associated Countries: Distribution and Determinants’ 26. Peter J. Schraeder, Steven W. Hook and Bruce Taylor (1998), ‘Clarifying the Foreign Aid Puzzle: A Comparison of American, Japanese, French, and Swedish Aid Flows’ PART V DONOR AID POLITICS: INFLUENCES AND TIED AID 27. Paul Mosley (1985), ‘The Political Economy of Foreign Aid: A Model of the Market for a Public Good’ 28. Dennis T. Yasutomo (1989-90), ‘Why Aid? Japan as an “Aid Great Power”’ 29. Oliver Morrissey (1990), ‘The Commercialization of Aid: Business Interests and the UK Aid Budget 1978–88’ 30. Oliver Morrissey (1993), ‘The Mixing of Aid and Trade Policies’ 31. Duncan L. Clarke (1997), ‘US Security Assistance to Egypt and Israel: Politically Untouchable?’ 32. Steven W. Hook and Guang Zhang (1998), ‘Japan’s Aid Policy Since the Cold War: Rhetoric and Reality’ Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis concise book, by one of the leading scholars in development economics, has been developed from a series of lectures given to masters students and will serve as an excellent introduction to the principles of growth and development theory. The author presents conventional wisdom with a critical eye and charts development economics as it has evolved from Adam Smith to 'new' or endogenous growth theory. Thirlwall is critical of the latter, and its predecessor neo-classical growth theory, and tries to put back demand as a driving force in growth theory. He argues that in an open developing economy one of the major constraints is the availability of foreign exchange to pay for imports, so that export growth which relaxes a balance of payments constraint on demand becomes a crucial determinant of overall growth performance. Demand creating its own supply in a growth context, rather than the pre-Keynesian view of supply creating its own demand, provides an alternative framework to the neo-classical one for understanding the differential growth performance of nations.This highly original book will be essential reading for all students and scholars of development and growth economics.Trade Review'. . . the book succeeds brilliantly in its main aim, which is to review the key aspects of existing theory, offer an alternative point of view together with many important insights, and show a way forward. It is worth reading and re-reading by any serious, critical and open-minded student of growth and it should greatly contribute to a fruitful dialogue and synthesis between competing schools of thought.' -- Christopher Tsoukis, Journal of Development StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Growth Theory in the History of Thought 2. Neoclassical and ‘New’ Growth Theory: A Critique 3. Manufacturing Industry as the Engine of Growth 4. A Demand-Oriented Approach to Economic Growth: Export-Led Growth Models 5. Balance of Payments Constrained Growth: Theory and Evidence 6. The Endogeneity of the Natural Rate of Growth Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis compendium of essays brings together some of William Baumol's most distinguished and acclaimed papers with some that are more rare, including a discussion of the growth and innovation mechanism that accounts for the unprecedented growth performance of the market economies. Amongst many other papers of note are a discussion of appropriate regulatory principles for privatized and deregulated firms, and a survey of the accomplishments of economists in the past century and the past millennium. This collection includes the following essays: Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show On the Possibility of Continuing Expansion of Finite Resources Social Wants and Dismal Science: The Curious Case of the Climbing Costs of Health and Teaching Towards Microeconomics of Innovation: Growth Engine Hallmark of Market Economics Use of Antitrust to Subvert Competition Predation and the Logic of the Average Variable Cost Test. The papers engage with an eclectic range of issues and represent a vignette of the author's varied contributions to the economic literature.Trade Review'Reading this collection, one is reminded not only of the breadth of Baumol's contributions to economics, but also of how fine a writer he can be. The explorations of entrepreneurship and growth are particularly broad and interesting. -- - Michael Waterson, University of Warwick, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: On Productivity, Growth, the Cost Disease and Scale Economies Part II: Industrial Organization, Regulation and Privatization Part III: Generalities on the Economic Literature Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhile the Singaporean economy has experienced one of the highest rates of growth in the world over the past three decades, questions have recently been raised about the sustainability of the Singapore development model and its continued relevance in the global economy. This book is a compilation of specially written essays by a select group of leading international scholars. The authors analytically examine a number of related issues pertaining to national competitiveness, structural and macroeconomic concerns and policy options for the Singapore economy in order for it to sustain its economic viability in the global economy. Specifically, the volume aims to: identify key trends and strategic issues that policymakers and businesses need to be aware of in a highly competitive and technologically sophisticated global economy highlight what exactly it means to be 'competitive' in the new global economy hypothesise how to position Singapore in the new global economy for it to remain a thriving and prosperous nation. As the title of the book suggests, while the focus is on Singapore, there are many lessons to be gleaned for other countries in Asia and elsewhere. Scholars of Asian studies, international economics, development economics, public policy and international business economics should find this book of great value, as should policymakers and other policy analysts.Trade Review'This volume is best seen as the latest in a series of soul-searching exercises in a country which, although remarkably successful in its economic achievements, is obsessed with its international competitiveness, almost as much as it is with its economic growth . . . Overall, it is a well-crafted and well-organized volume, nicely focused around the general theme of international competitiveness in an era of increased globalization . . . this book is an excellent update of the challenges facing this small but interesting country.' -- Peter Wilson, Journal of Asian Business'The lessons gleaned from the wide-ranging topics discussed in the book serves as a good guide for all interested in tackling the demands brought about by globalization.' -- C.Y. Chang, ASEAN Economic Bulletin'This is a thoughtful volume providing a well-rounded treatment of some of the main economic issues currently confronting Singapore. It will be of greatest interest to Singapore watchers, but given the range of issues it grapples with, a much wider audience of policymakers and those interested in development economics will also find it stimulating.' -- Alfred Oehlers, Asian-Pacific Economic LiteratureTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Tommy Koh Part I: General Introduction 1. Introduction and Overview Part II: Defining Globalization and Competitiveness 2. The New Global Economy: Opportunities and Challenges for Small and Open Economies 3. Assessing Industrial Competitiveness: How Does Singapore Fare? Part III: International Trade 4. Production Sharing and Singapore’s Global Competitiveness 5. Opportunities and Challenges in Singapore’s Services Trade Part IV: Role of Government 6. Sustaining the Competitiveness of Singapore Inc in the Knowledge-based Global Economy 7. Structural Challenges Facing the Singapore Economy 8. Fiscal Policy Challenges Facing a Mature Asian Economy: The Case of Singapore Part V: Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Productivity 9. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Globalization: Does Singapore Need a New Policy Approach? 10. Technology Spillovers, Ownership Structures and Productivity Growth in Singapore Part VI: Exchange Rate Policies and Financial Market Considerations 11. Economic Competitiveness and the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate: The Case of Singapore 12. Developing a Viable Corporate Bond Market: The Singapore Experience Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe proliferation of new information technologies throughout the world has raised some important questions for policymakers as to how developing countries can benefit from their diffusion. This important volume compares the advantages and disadvantages of the IT revolution through detailed studies of a variety of developed and developing nations and regions: Argentina, Estonia, the EU, India, Japan, Korea, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand and the USA. The authors address a number of challenging issues such as standardization, IT in the mass media, Public Key Infrastructure, upstream connectivity and pricing, and draw out important policy implications for late-comers in this field - predominantly developing countries. They highlight the negative aspects of IT policy such as the digital divide and monopoly of ownership, but also illustrate the potential benefits such as 'leapfrogging' the industrialization process and the expansion of broadband capabilities.This impressive volume will be essential reading for academics and researchers with an interest in development economics, utility regulation and technology policy. It will also be of great practical value to international policymakers and governments in the developing world who wish to learn more about the costs and benefits of regulation and deregulation in the IT industry.Trade Review‘Information Technology and the Digital Divide is a useful reader on a wide range of issues in relation to this policy area. The book provides a range of perspectives and methodological approaches and covers areas that are likely to be of broad interest to readers from different disciplines.' -- Alison Darlow, Economic IssuesTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Part I: Country/Area Studies 2. Beyond the IT Revolution: The Japanese Broadband Strategy 3. Internet Upstream Connectivity and Competition Policy: Western Europe and Southern Africa 4. IT Policies and Issues: US and the Americas 5. Software in India: Development Implications of Globalization and the International Division of Labour 6. Jumping up to the Internet-based Society: Lessons from South Korea 7. Information Technology: Some Implications for Thailand 8. Information Policy and Information Technology in Central and Eastern Europe with Emphasis on Estonia 9. Internet and Telecommunications Outlook in Latin America 10. Policies for Internet Access: Cases of Mexico and Argentina Part II: Challenging Issues 11. Tipping, Standardization and Convergence: Catch-up and Failure in Japan’s Standards Strategy 12. Is the Japanese Press a Dinosaur in the 21st Century?: The IT Revolution and Newspapers in Japan 13. PKI Solutions for Trusted E-Commerce: Survey of the De Facto Standard Competition in PKI Industries 14. The Interconnection and Pricing of the Internet 15. Conclusion Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Economics of Knowledge Sharing claims that useful economic knowledge is the most important foundation for the development of a sufficiently strong process of innovation. Within the framework of new institutional economics, the book looks at the institutional conditions required for the interactive sharing and dissemination of knowledge in the development of economies. It outlines in four distinct parts the complex societal process of human interaction by which knowledge is effectively generated and used.The book first considers knowledge sharing institutions, differentiating between types of interaction and types of actors. Secondly, it examines the economic role of knowledge and cognition, asking how and why human actors gather knowledge. It goes on to revisit historical questions of knowledge and embeds them within the contemporary debate, before finally reflecting on the significant relationship between technology and knowledge sharing in the digital age.Opening up a new area of research encompassing the institutional framework of the innovation process, this pathbreaking volume will be of enormous interest to a wide-ranging audience including economists in the fields of theory, innovation research, new institutional economics, evolutionary economics, history of economic thought, and education policy. As knowledge sharing interactions are akin to other kinds of competition aside from economic, this book will also be warmly welcomed by social and political scientists specialising in a variety of related topics.Trade Review'The book sheds light on a broad range of topics including a discussion of the pertinent institutions, an examination of motivation, the relevance of human capital, and the role of innovations such as the internet. On all of this, the writers offer stimulating observations and, given the importance of the dissemination of intellectual property for our innovative and rapidly growing economies, their insights will undoubtedly prove valuable and stimulating for investigators of this subject.' -- William J. Baumol, Journal of Evolutionary Economics'This issue of knowledge as a key factor of production has been emphasized in the European tradition of economics from Wolff on through Roscher, and in particular by Schumpeter in his seventh chapter of his renowned Theory of Development. Fritz Machlup, who came from the same tradition, emphasized the theme in a great project. This collection of essays picks up the lead, and in this way provides thought that can be translated into research proposals that could ultimately lead to results which provide conditions for growth, employment and prosperity. The seeds are there, they just need to be sown.' -- Jurgen G. Backhaus, Erfurt University, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Part I: Knowledge Sharing Institutions 2. The Institutional Economics of Knowledge Sharing: Basic Issues 3. New Institutional Economics and Knowledge Sharing Part II: Knowledge and Cognition 4. Motivation, Learning, Knowledge Sharing and Division of Labour 5. Processes of Knowledge Sharing: From Cognitive Psychology to Economics 6. The Cognitive Basis of Institutions: An Evolutionary Aspect Part III: The Knowledge Issue in Economics 7. Human Capital, Knowledge and Knowledge Sharing: A View from the History of Economic Thoughts 8. Knowledge, Knowledge Sharing and Convention in Keynes’ Thinking Part IV: The Regulations for Digital Technology 9. The Internet: Universal Information Infrastructure for the Emerging Knowledge Society 10. Digitalization and Regulation: The German Case Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThroughout their lifetime, men and women are subject to a wide variety of risks, such as illness, accident, death, or less directly, unemployment, crop failure, loss of property, disability, business failure, and skill obsolescence.This book investigates the relationships between rural poverty, risk, and development. Building upon the author's work in the area, it summarises the contributions of recent theoretical and empirical work to our understanding of how risk affects rural poverty levels in developing countries. In particular the book examines what we do and do not know about risk coping strategies among today's poor rural societies. Ways in which these strategies may be re-examined and improved by governments and international organisations are proposed.Rural Poverty, Risk and Development is an important contribution to the development literature and should be read by anyone interested in exploring the causes of and solutions to poverty in rural areas.Trade Review'The book is very rigorous and follows a logical sequence. It will no doubt become the reference book on rural poverty, risk and development with the most relevant references of the literature, and extensive mathematical modeling where possible. Indeed, the book is a masterly review of risks facing the rural poor and it comes very timely with the renewed emphasis by donors and governments on rural poverty alleviation.'Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Risk and Poverty 3. The Risk Coping Strategies of the Rural Poor 4. The Limits to Risk Coping 5. Risk and Inequality 6. Risk and Development 7. Conclusion Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIndonesia is currently facing some severe challenges, both in political affairs and in economic management. One of these challenges is the recently enacted decentralization program, now well underway, which promises to have some wide-ranging consequences. This edited volume presents original papers, written by a select group of widely recognized and distinguished scholars, that take a hard, objective look at the many effects of decentralization on economic and political issues in Indonesia. There are many questions about this program: how will it be implemented, is there capacity at the local level to implement its reforms, is there sufficient local political accountability to make it work, and how will the decentralization affect the broader program of economic growth and stabilization? Topics covered include: the historical and political dimensions of decentralization, its macroeconomic effects, its effects on poverty alleviation, the assignment of expenditure and revenue functions across levels of government, the design of transfers, the role of natural resource taxation and the effects of local government borrowing.An authoritative, comprehensive collection, Reforming Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations and the Rebuilding of Indonesia will be of interest to economists and policy makers as well as students of public finance, development, and Asian economics.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Part I: The History and Politics of the ‘Big Bang’ Decentralization 2. The Making of the ‘Big Bang’ and its Aftermath: A Political Economy Perspective 3. Political Reforms, Decentralization and Democratic Consolidation in Indonesia 4. The Policy of Decentralization in Indonesia Part II: Expenditure and Tax Assignment 5. Expenditure Assignment under Indonesia’s Emerging Decentralization: A Review of Progress and Issues for the Future 6. Local tax Revenue Mobilization in Indonesia’s Decentralizing Era 7. Combining Expenditure Assignment, Revenue Assignment and Grant Design in Indonesia’s Fiscal Decentralization Part III: Closing the Fiscal Gap: Transfers, Borrowing and Natural Resource Revenues 8. An Analysis of Indonesia’s Transfer System: Recent Performance and Future Prospects 9. How Should Revenues from Natural Resources be Shared in Indonesia? 10. Decentralization and Local Government Borrowing in Indonesia Part IV: An Initial Assessment of Progress 11. Indonesian Decentralization: Opportunities Appear but Risks Abound 12. The Indonesian Experience with the Implementation of Regional Autonomy 13. Decentralization and the Challenge for Indonesian Fiscal Sustainability Part V: Lessons from International Experience and the Current State of Decentralization 14. Implementing Decentralized Local Government: A Treacherous Road with Potholes, Detours and Road Closures 15. The Current State of Decentralization Reform in Indonesia: A Postscript Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisMany developing and transition economies have not yet undertaken the policy integration measures needed to enhance the impact of industry on sustainable development. In this original and insightful book, national experts from Chile, China, the Czech Republic, Pakistan, Tunisia, Turkey and Zimbabwe - countries which all have designated national sustainable development strategies - report on the extent to which recent changes in industrial, environmental and technology policies have more closely aligned industrial development with the aims of sustainable development.For each country, the authors critically assess a number of important topics including, amongst others, broad trends in sustainable development; policies for promoting growth of the manufacturing sector; policies and institutions for (industrial) environmental management; efforts to encourage the use of environmentally sound technologies; obstacles to enhancing the contribution of manufacturing to sustainable development; and priorities for future action. The results prove disappointing and reveal that none of the seven countries has yet achieved the degree of policy integration that could be characterised as an industrial component of a national sustainable development strategy. Compared to ten years ago, industry in only two of the seven countries (China and the Czech Republic) is making any substantial contribution to socio-economic development whilst attempting to reduce its negative effects on the environment. However, the country reports do identify some positive steps that have been taken and that other countries might adopt in their efforts to enhance the impacts of industry on sustainable development. This book charts the progress towards sustainable development of seven developing and transition economies and the consequences of industry on this objective. The realistic assessment of the advances which have been made will be of particular benefit and interest to practitioners of economic development, industrial economics and environmental management.Trade Review'This book makes a timely and important contribution to the controversial area of development policy and practice. The country case studies provide valuable insights into ways in which countries have sometimes succeeded and sometimes failed in rising to the challenges of industry-led development, through which to raise income levels and social equity across an entire economy in an environmentally sustainable manner. The framework for the case studies and their interpretation provide a sharp focus for the considerable amount of detail that supports the analysis of different approaches in different national circumstances. The book's highly practical basis challenges accepted wisdoms of economic and development theory where it feels the need to do so. The editors and authors are to be commended on an excellent piece of work that will be of value to theorists, planners and practitioners in developing countries, and to international institutions aiming to support them.' -- Clive George, University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Preface Part I: Introduction 1. Background to the Country Reports Part II: Country Reports 2. Chile 3. China 4. The Czech Republic 5. Pakistan 6. Tunisia 7. Turkey 8. Zimbabwe Part III: Conclusions 9. Progress and Prospects Annex: Industry and Sustainable Development – A Statistical Comparison Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents a valuable new tool for water management - water resource accounting - which significantly advances the economic analysis of water. Water resource accounts integrate detailed information about water supply and use with national income accounts to show the economic use of water, costs and tariffs paid, and the economic value of water for different economic uses.Based on the UN's handbook for environmental accounting, this book describes the implementation and policy application of water accounts in three African countries - Botswana, Namibia and South Africa - and discusses how they have been used by water managers. The book compares water use across the three countries, explaining the differences in water resources and water policy. In addition to the comprehensive outline of physical and monetary water accounts for each country, the authors provide an extensive discussion of water valuation as well as addressing a number of issues of regional importance, including water accounting for an international river basin and the impact of trade on each country's water use.By demonstrating the usefulness of water resource accounts, this book makes a major contribution to the literature on water economics and management, sustainable development, and to the development of environmental accounting in general. The Economics of Water Management in Southern Africa will appeal to a wide readership including: environmental and development economists NGOs concerned with sustainable development environmental advocacy groups professionals (economists and environmentalists) working in Africa on water and sustainable development issues water professionals national accounts experts and statisticians. Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to Water Issues and Water Accounting in Southern Africa Glenn-Marie Lange and Rashid Hassan PART I: WATER ACCOUNTS 2. Water Accounting in Botswana: Progress and Challenges Jaap Arntzen 3. Water Accounts and Water Policy in Namibia Glenn-Marie Lange 4. Environmental and Economic Accounts for Water in South Africa Rashid Hassan and Jackie Crafford PART II: MAJOR REGIONAL WATER POLICY ISSUES 5. Comparison of Water Use in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa Glenn-Marie Lange and Rashid Hassan 6. International Trade and Water Use Glenn-Marie Lange and Rashid Hassan PART III: ECONOMIC VALUATION OF WATER 7. Methodologies for Valuation of Water Services Glenn-Marie Lange and Rashid Hassan 8. Case Studies of Water Valuation in Namibia’s Commercial Farming Areas Glenn-Marie Lange 9. The Value of Water for Off-stream Uses in South Africa Rashid Hassan and Eric Mungatana References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis important Handbook on international development policy and management covers a broad spectrum of contemporary topics across all the major areas of interest. With over 40 chapters, the book comprehensively explores the many themes and issues of significance for both policy and implementation, and provides easily accessible reference material on current practice and research. The 42 contributors come from a diverse range of backgrounds, and enjoy international reputations in their chosen fields.The Handbook is organised in two parts, one dealing with policy issues and the other with implementation and management issues. The first part, on policy, covers a wide range of economic, social and environmental topics. The second part explores the political context of implementation and development practice and goes on to cover a range of issues relating to management in the public and non-state sectors and the management of development projects. Each individual chapter provides background information on theory and practice, describes the current 'state of play', examines prospects for the future and includes an annotated guide to further reading.This extensive handbook will become an essential reference on international development policy and management. Although primarily designed for postgraduate students and scholars of development studies, it will also be welcomed by development practitioners, NGOs and aid agencies.Trade Review'. . . this is a book one would expect to find in all libraries and on all development studies reading lists.' -- John Hailey, Journal of International Development'. . . the Handbook is a unique reference tool on international development policy and management. Its format, both comprehensive in coverage and concise in content, will make it essential reading for the growing number of postgraduates studying development policy and management, as well as for public administration, foreign consultants and aid workers in low- and middle-income countries.' -- Andrew Nickson, Public Administration'This Handbook will surely prove to be an essential to the students, practitioners and others concerned with improvement of human condition in developing countries.' -- Pundarik Mukhopadhaya, The Singapore Economic Review'. . . this Handbook offers a significant remedy to the scarcity of material in this important area. . . It is certainly very near the top of this reviewer's list of recommended reading for students, researchers and practitioners concerned with development policy.' -- Michael Tribe, Development Policy Review'. . . the Handbook offers an excellent one volume survey of modern development policy and practice in poor countries.' -- Tony Jackson, The Journal of the Institution of Economic Development'This comprehensive collection contains an excellent introduction to all the major issues of development policy.' -- Frances Stewart, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford, UKTable of ContentsFull Contents: Preface 1. Introduction by Ron Clarke Part I: Development Policy 2. The History of Development Policy A. Economic Policy 3. Globalization and Development Policy 4. Economic Planning: Theory, Practice and Experiences 5. Structural Adjustment 6. Structural Adjustment and Sub-Saharan Africa 7. Trade Liberalization 8. Industrialization and Industrial Policy 9. Agricultural Development Policy 10. International Finance for Development 11. Competition and its Regulation in Developing Countries 12. Distribution, Poverty and Economic Growth 13. Employment and Labour Market Policies in an Era of Structural Adjustment 14. Privatization 15. Financial Sector Policies B. Social Policy 16. Education and Public Policy 17. Health and Nutrition Policies in Development 18. Gender and Development 19. Microfinance 20. Social Protection 21. Population and Development: From Population Control to Reproductive Health 22. Urbanization C. Environment Policy 23. Environment, Biodiversity and Sustainable Development: International Issues 24. Environmental Assessment and Management Part II: Development Management: Implementation and Practice 25. From Development Administration to Development Management: An Overview A. The Political Context 26. Aid and Good Governance 27. Democratization 28. Complex Political Emergencies 29. Poverty Reduction and the National Policy Process B. Public Sector Management 30. Bureaucracy and Administrative Reform in Developing Countries 31. The New Public Management in Developing Countries 32. Agencification 33. Capacity Building 34. Controlling Corruption 35. Human Resource Management: The Challenge of Adaptation 36. Financial Management C. Managing Outside the Central State 37. Civil Society and its Role in Development 38. The Rise of Non-governmental Organizations: Issues in Development Management 39. Public–Private Partnerships 40. Decentralization 41. Community Participation and Decision Making D. Managing at the Project Level 42. Project Appraisal and Evaluation: Recent Developments 43. Planning and Managing Development Projects Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe authors of this unique volume provide a timely and valuable perspective on how technology and the Internet revolution are changing business and spurring development across the world, especially in emerging countries. Utilizing a framework grounded in rigorous theory, they provide a fine-grained understanding of electronic commerce adoption processes by public and private sector entities in developing countries. In so doing, they consider how each exchange encounter is shaped by, and in turn shapes, relational characteristics that form the basis for growth and development. Using a resource-based view of economies, the authors hypothesize that differences in the adoption of electronic commerce technologies in developing economies can be attributed to a sense-and-respond capability of governments with respect to new technologies, which they term 'technological opportunism'. One of their main objectives is to establish the distinctiveness of technology opportunities from related constructs, such as innovativeness, and show that it offers a significantly better explanation of technology adoption and diffusion than do existing constructs. The book examines a number of developing countries' experiences with electronic government, bringing real life experience to the adoption of an e-government model by looking at the issue from strategic as well as operational perspectives. The volume's ground-breaking research and conclusions will be of great interest to professionals, researchers and students in the areas of e-commerce and economic development; government officials of developing and newly industrialized countries contemplating e-government initiatives; and information technology managers.Trade Review'Business managers in developing countries would find in this volume a solid background to e-commerce at large, and to its significance within a wider framework of a resource-based view of their business and of the national economic settings within which they operate. The book is of special importance to the academic community of Internet students, as well as for those interested in economic development, by providing a pioneering insight into the issue of e-commerce in developing countries which may emerge strongly in the upcoming years.' -- Aharon Kellerman, Growth and Change'Undoubtedly an important contribution. E-commerce is a technology which holds the possibility of levelling the global trading playing field. This book provides a necessary review of current issues in e-commerce in developing economies, and a useful collection of good practice and solid theory for scholars, policymakers and professionals.' -- John Peters, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, UK'This is a road map of some of the challenges governments and companies face, in terms of physical and human infrastructure, as countries wrestle with a rapidly changing commercial environment. As the virtual world conquers ever more of the material world, countries that adapt and adopt to a cyber reality will likely do better. If you are doing business or setting policy in a developing country, you want to understand and address the issues raised in this book.' -- Juan Enriquez, CEO, Biotechonomy, US and author of The Untied States of America and As the Future Catches YouTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Soumitra Dutta 1. Establishing the Context 2. e-Commerce and e-Government: A Review 3. Resource-Based View and Theory 4. Methodology and Development of Hypotheses 5. Data Collection and Empirical Results 6. Where Do We Go From Here? Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is clear that the transition to ecologically sustainable patterns of development requires significant institutional change, yet we face a paradox. Although institutions are the primary means of driving reform, they are themselves a root cause of unsustainable development and a barrier to positive change. This volume moves beyond the current debate by advancing our understanding of the nature of institutional change, the features of more appropriate institutional settings, and the manner in which change can be enabled. Institutional Change for Sustainable Development presents a flexible, accessible, yet robust conceptual framework for comprehending institutional dimensions of sustainability, emphasising the complexity of institutional systems, and highlighting the interdependence between policy learning and institutional change. This framework is applied and developed through the analysis of five significant arenas of institutional and policy change: environmental policy in the EU; New Zealand's landmark Resource Management Act; strategic environmental assessment; emerging National Councils for Sustainable Development; and transformative property rights instruments. From these explorations, key principles for institutional change are identified, including the institutional accommodation of a sustainability discourse, the interdependence of normative and institutional change; reiteration and learning; integration in policy and practice; subsidiarity; and legal change.Institutional Change for Sustainable Development will be of interest to researchers, policymakers and practitioners concerned with sustainability, resource management and environmental policy.Trade Review'. . . this book makes an interesting and worthwhile contribution to the ever-expanding body of literature on sustainable development and therefore is to be recommended.' -- Karen Scott, Journal of Environmental Law'. . . this is an essential text for the study of sustainability and institutional change, an invaluable professional development text for the practitioner, and a text to ponder slowly in all its complexities for an academic study of sustainability.' -- Kate Crowley, Australian Journal of Environmental Management'Does the road to sustainable development run through institutional reform or, better yet, institutional learning? In this well-argued book, Robin Connor and Stephen Dovers draw on a range of case studies to demonstrate the critical role that institutions play in determining the course of human-environment relations.' -- Oran R. Young, University of California, Santa Barbara, US'Connor and Dovers correctly argue that achieving sustainability is a long-term process. In this context, they analyze broad institutional innovations toward sustainability to date - from Europe to New Zealand, from sustainability councils to property rights - to suggest how the historical process might be improved and accelerated. This is among the most constructive efforts I have read.' -- Richard B. Norgaard, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Approaching Institutional Change and Policy Learning 1. Conceptions of Institutions and Policy Learning 2. Operationalizing Learning Part II: Case Studies in Institutional Change 3. Environmental Policy in the European Union 4. Sustainable Management of Natural and Physical Resources: The New Zealand Resource Management Act 1991 5. National Councils for Sustainable Development: Experiments in National Policy Development and Integration 6. Strategic Environmental Assessment: Policy Integration as Practice or Possibility? 7. Property Rights Instruments: Transformative Policy Options Part III: Conclusions 8. Principles and Elements of Institutional Change for Sustainable Development References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe authors of this book link productivity change, trade competitiveness, networks of interaction and cooperation and income growth in developing Asian countries with the complex evolutionary processes of economic development and international trade. They take an innovative approach to simulating the complex micro-dynamics of competitiveness in order to distinguish those trade-related microeconomic dynamics and institutional reforms vital to leading countries out of institutional and poverty traps.Real competitiveness changes in six countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan and Thailand) are measured from 1991 to 2000 with detailed international export unit value comparisons, to detect structural changes towards technology and knowledge intensive goods in trade patterns. No significant structural change was detected in the six countries during that period. Evolutionary trade theory is presented in two models and is calibrated with transaction and trade data from West Bengal and Nepal. These reveal that lower transport costs - resulting from investment in transport and institutional reforms related to the investment and trade environment - result initially in small productivity differences that can be amplified in a non-linear evolutionary system and eventually lead to a spatial restructuring of the system, and to a structural change in the trade patterns. The models in this path-breaking book can be used to explore the impact of a variety of interventions and policies.Productivity, Competitiveness and Incomes in Asia will be of interest to academics and researchers in Asian Studies, industrial economics, evolutionary economics and international business development. The book will also appeal to policy makers responsible for economic growth.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Violating Traditional Trade Theory, and the Quality Dynamics of Real Competitiveness 3. The Genealogy of Trade Theories, and the Connections of Trade 4. Non-Equilibrium, Spatial Models 5. An Application in West Bengal 6. An Application to Nepal – Impacts from Different Scenarios of Economic Development 7. Trade with Productivity Spill-over, Evolutionary Trade Theory, and Institutional Protection of Productivity References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisKnowledge, Technological Catch-up and Economic Growth investigates the relationship between knowledge diffusion and economic growth. Using a broad definition of knowledge - encompassing technology, production skills, know-how and firm capabilities - the central argument of the book is that the extent of knowledge diffusion is an important determinant of economic growth. Mark Rogers uses both neoclassical and endogenous growth models to construct testable hypotheses in order to gauge whether countries that are good at acquiring and diffusing new knowledge actually do achieve faster economic growth. His empirical analysis uses new data on communications, international business links, and study abroad in order to proxy absorptive capability and to test these hypotheses. Arguing that existing research on the role of knowledge is underdeveloped, the book aims to convince mainstream economists who perceive knowledge as conceptually vague and too difficult to measure, that the role of knowledge can in fact be analysed and quantified. Making new contributions to the understanding of economic growth, this book will appeal to students, researchers, economists and policy makers with a particular interest in economic performance and the growth process, and knowledge management and technology.Trade Review'The literature on economic growth has needed for a long time a simple, but rigorous, textbook exposition of the role of knowledge in the growth process, suitable for undergraduates and policymakers. Mark Rogers's new book provides an excellent introduction, combining clear and succinct theory with up-to-date empirical evidence on this important topic.' -- - A.P. Thirlwall, University of Kent, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Knowledge in Neoclassical Growth Models 3. Knowledge in Endogenous Growth Models 4. Modelling Technological Catch-up 5. Imitation and Growth 6. The Empirical Analysis of Economic Growth: An Overview 7. Technological Catch-up and Convergence in Empirical Analysis 8. Study Abroad and Economic Growth 9. Communications and Economic Growth 10. International Business Links and Economic Growth 11. Conclusions Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book, Robert Boyer follows the origins, course and collapse of the 'new economy' and proposes a new interpretation of US dynamism during the 1990s. He argues that the diffusion of information and communication technologies is only part of a story that also requires understanding of the transformation of the financial system, the reorganization of the management of firms and the emergence of a new policy mix. The book includes a long-term retrospective analysis of technological innovation, and an international comparison of OECD countries delivers an unconventional and critical assessment of the hope and the hype of the 'new economy'. The book proposes that the US way is not necessarily the only efficient one, as demonstrated by the experience of the Nordic countries, which manage to combine economic efficiency with social justice. The author argues that European economies would do well to take note and to explore a promising growth regime for the twenty-first century, one built upon health, education, training and leisure, this comprising the 'anthropogenetic model'.The Future of Economic Growth is a challenging and thought-provoking book, and as such will be of interest to many academics, researchers and students within the field of economics. It will be particularly relevant to those with an interest in macroeconomics, industrial organisation and the theory of the firm, and growth theory.Trade Review'The work is thought provoking in its analytical part and is also stimulating in its normative-political end, which advocates an institutional architecture wherein growth in a knowledge-based economy could be driven by collective services such as health and education. . . a challenging interpretation of the contemporary political economy.' -- Giovanni Dosi, Journal of Economic Literature'How significant was the internet boom and bust? Robert Boyer brings significant and fresh insight to efforts to situate the meaning of the digital transformation through which we are living. With analytic discipline and historical perspective, Boyer provides an important interpretation that will be valuable to scholar and teacher, those just curious about the internet development and those who lived through it.' -- John Zysman, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. A Social Construct and an Analytical Challenge 2. Microeconomic Instability and an Uncertain Organizational Model 3. A Growth Regime Driven by Information and Communications Technology? 4. Genealogy of the ‘New Economy’: The Institutional Change at the Heart of the US Trajectory 5. The Geography of the ‘New Economy’: The Diversity of Institutional Architectures 6. 2000–2002: Reassessing the Potential of ICT-driven Growth 7. The Long-term Historical Outlook after the Internet Bubble 8. The Emergence of an Anthropogenetic Model 9. Conclusion Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this book, Robert Boyer follows the origins, course and collapse of the 'new economy' and proposes a new interpretation of US dynamism during the 1990s. He argues that the diffusion of information and communication technologies is only part of a story that also requires understanding of the transformation of the financial system, the reorganization of the management of firms and the emergence of a new policy mix. The book includes a long-term retrospective analysis of technological innovation, and an international comparison of OECD countries delivers an unconventional and critical assessment of the hope and the hype of the 'new economy'. The book proposes that the US way is not necessarily the only efficient one, as demonstrated by the experience of the Nordic countries, which manage to combine economic efficiency with social justice. The author argues that European economies would do well to take note and to explore a promising growth regime for the twenty-first century, one built upon health, education, training and leisure, this comprising the 'anthropogenetic model'.The Future of Economic Growth is a challenging and thought-provoking book, and as such will be of interest to many academics, researchers and students within the field of economics. It will be particularly relevant to those with an interest in macroeconomics, industrial organisation and the theory of the firm, and growth theory.Trade Review'The work is thought provoking in its analytical part and is also stimulating in its normative-political end, which advocates an institutional architecture wherein growth in a knowledge-based economy could be driven by collective services such as health and education. . . a challenging interpretation of the contemporary political economy.' -- Giovanni Dosi, Journal of Economic Literature'How significant was the internet boom and bust? Robert Boyer brings significant and fresh insight to efforts to situate the meaning of the digital transformation through which we are living. With analytic discipline and historical perspective, Boyer provides an important interpretation that will be valuable to scholar and teacher, those just curious about the internet development and those who lived through it.' -- John Zysman, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. A Social Construct and an Analytical Challenge 2. Microeconomic Instability and an Uncertain Organizational Model 3. A Growth Regime Driven by Information and Communications Technology? 4. Genealogy of the ‘New Economy’: The Institutional Change at the Heart of the US Trajectory 5. The Geography of the ‘New Economy’: The Diversity of Institutional Architectures 6. 2000–2002: Reassessing the Potential of ICT-driven Growth 7. The Long-term Historical Outlook after the Internet Bubble 8. The Emergence of an Anthropogenetic Model 9. Conclusion Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis text provides a comprehensive introduction to the many different issues related to the Sisyphean task of building science and technology capabilities in developing countries. It attempts to answer crucial questions including: how can knowledge be utilized to improve the human condition, and how can we bridge the growing knowledge divide between those who produce and use modern science and technology - and those who do not?Francisco Sagasti examines the complex interactions between science, technology and development through history, explores how capabilities in these areas are created in different countries and places the role of international co-operation in perspective. The book then introduces a 'science and technology capability index' to rank countries, analyses the policy implications of the place they occupy, and summarizes the experience of developing countries in formulating science and technology policies. It concludes with a review of important lessons for the future. This highly innovative and original work will strongly appeal to academics, policymakers, development practitioners and students interested in the role of knowledge and innovation in contemporary society, and in the disparities between developed and developing countries.Trade Review'Francisco Sagasti is both a deep scholar and a policy analyst of exceptional practical significance. From his work at the World Bank to the Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government, to his intellectual leadership in Peru, he has made a steady flow of valuable contributions. He has extraordinary understanding of the relevance of knowledge, skill, and freedom for socioeconomic development. This book is a treasure.' -- David A. Hamburg, President Emeritus, Carnegie Corporation of New York and Cornell University Weill Medical College, US'A landmark study that will inspire practitioners as much as it will inspire further research on the role of technology in economic change. A powerful reminder to policymakers on the importance of creativity as a source of economic renewal.' -- Calestous Juma, Harvard University, US'Knowledge and Innovation for Development is a splendid piece of scholarship, which no-one else could possibly have written. It brings together an astonishing array of writers and ideas and it is beautifully written.' -- Rodger Schwass, York University, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. Knowledge, Technology and Production: A Conceptual Framework 2. A Brief Historical Perspective 3. The Knowledge Explosion and its Manifestations 4. The Knowledge Divide and Disparities in Developing Country Capacities 5. Strategies and Policies for Building an Endogenous Science and Technology Base Concluding Remarks Appendix 1: Comparison between the Science and Technology Capacity Index and Other Indexes Appendix 2: Science, Technology and Development: The Imperative of Social Innovation Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book investigates how individual firms in developing countries undertake technological learning and capability building (TCB) efforts and explains why some developing country firms are world-class and others struggle with these important processes.The study concludes that it is internal competencies, such as the ability to manage strategic change and develop coherent systems that enable firms in developing countries to effectively navigate technological frontiers, the network of global suppliers and weak national innovation systems. In particular, the ability to strike a strategic balance between developing a diverse range of internal learning routines and managing boundary assets over which they have only partial control is found to be of importance. The conceptual framework developed for this study - the TCB system approach - draws on a number of intellectual traditions, including organizational development, strategic management, innovation studies, development studies and evolutionary theory of the firm. Conclusions are drawn using this approach to perform a detailed cross-sectional analysis of technological learning in a sample of 26 telecommunication operating companies in Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa. By focusing on firms in the services sector, rather than in manufacturing, the study covers an area that is under researched and identifies many distinctive features of the capability building process. It is also able to offer insights on how the majority of firms in developing countries should cope with the challenges of speed and complexity of technological change even when they are not aiming to generate radical innovations at the frontier.Technological Learning will be of great interest to a wide-ranging audience, including science and technology academics, scholars and policy makers in developing countries, telecommunications managers and executives, and organisational management scholars focusing on developing country issues.Trade Review'. . . Marcelle's integrative approach, amalgamating various schools of thought and adapting to them; assessing endogenous and exogenous factors; and using a mixture of quantitative analysis to substantiate her claims, offers academics, policymakers and business leaders interested in development, technology, industries, organizational learning and boundary relations, a rigorous, comprehensive study with a refreshing, insightful point of view.' -- Alexandra Mallett, Progress in Development StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The TCB System Approach 3. A Quantitative Exploration of Technological Learning 4. Management, Culture and Leadership for Learning 5. Managing Supplier Relationships 6. Role of the Innovation System 7. Strategic Balance Appendices References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisMany countries and regions are actively promoting high technology industries as a means of stimulating the economy. The authors point out that these efforts are not only encouraging economic development, but they also reduce an economy's vulnerability to the negative consequences of world trade. By weaving together the fields of health economics, industrial organisation and industrial development, this book describes the benefits of promoting a country's health industry as a way of stimulating its high-technology industrial capacity. The authors illustrate that the development of a country's health industry not only improves the country's health status, but also promotes an industry with relatively stable, high-wage employment, creates the potential for exporting goods and services, and produces scientific spillovers that will favourably impact other high-technology industries.Health Policy and High-Tech Industrial Development will be of great interest to health policy analysts by showing that health policies have broader implications than merely affecting health systems. Health economists should consider the advantages of viewing a country's health system not only as a unique industry that produces both health care and high-technology goods and services, but that also possesses the ability to stimulate development of a broader array of high-technology industries. Development and industrial economists and policymakers will also see the health sector from this different and innovative perspective.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: An Overview Introduction: Why Apply Industrial Policy to the Health Industry? 1. The Health Industry Model: New Roles for the Health Industry Part II: The Macro View 2. Healthy Governance: Economic Policy and the Health Industry Model 3. Control, Competition and Co-operation in European Health Systems: Points of Contact Between Health Policy and Industrial Policy 4. A Hedonic Model of Pricing of Innovative Pharmaceuticals Part III: The Micro View 5. Recent Developments in Universities Regarding Intellectual Capital and Intellectual Property 6. Intangible Assets in the European Health Industry: The Case of the Pharmaceutical Sector 7. Benchmarking Hospital Costs in the UK: Increasing Efficiency and Driving Innovation in the Healthcare Industry? Part IV: The Intermediate View 8. The Geography of Intangibles: The Case of the Health Industry 9. Clustering in the Biotechnology Industry 10. Spillovers of University–High-Tech Industry Alliances 11. Multinational Enterprises and High-Tech Clusters in the Health Industry: Some Preliminary Results in Italy 12. High-Technology Clusters in France: Two Unusual Models – An Empirical Study Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides a balanced presentation of international trends in infrastructure regulation and financing. Based on recent developments in microeconomic theory, it comprehensively discusses the role of the state and the private sector in infrastructure provision. As well as a thorough overview of the relevant theoretical issues, the authors carefully examine national experiences of private participation in infrastructure. In particular, they explore sectoral restructuring in the electricity, telecommunications, water and transport sectors. The book includes case studies from both Argentina and the UK, and places a particular focus on Germany which, for a developed country, is a peculiar latecomer in terms of infrastructure sector reform.Well argued and rich in new insights, this book offers a meticulous and informative analysis of current trends in infrastructure privatization and deregulation. Among the authors are well-known specialists as well as younger researchers who provide a fresh perspective on the issue. The book will be of interest and relevance to researchers, academics, policymakers and international organizations interested in regulation and the modernization of infrastructure both in developed and developing countries.Trade Review'Germany has started late with the deregulation and privatization of its infrastructure networks. This volume helps to clear a pathway to new regimes for the provision and procurement of infrastructure networks to increase efficiency and fairness for the benefit of users and society alike.' -- Werner Rothengatter, University of Karlsruhe and Institute for Economic Policy Research, Germany and President of the World Conference for Transport Research Society'Trends in Infrastructure Regulation and Financing covers a broad range of current issues of relevance, in theory as well as in policy and its application, including examples from the transport, electricity, water and telecommunications industries.' -- Jon Stern, Regulation Initiative, London Business School, and NERA, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Part I: Theoretical and Cross-Sectional Issues 2. Deregulation in Network Industries: A Policy in Search of a Rationale? 3. The Contestable Markets Theory: Efficient Advice for Economic Policy 4. Predatory Pricing in Liberalized Telecommunications Markets 5. Rating of Infrastructure Projects According to Basel II Part II: Infrastructure Policies in Germany: The Gradual Awakening 6. Private Participation in German Infrastructure Provision: Better Late than Never 7. Private Infrastructure Financing: The Case of Terminal Two at Munich Airport 8. Ex-ante vs. Ex-post Regulation in the German Railway Sector 9. Comparable Cost Calculation for Road and Rail Infrastructure 10. Innovations, Sustainability and Efficiency in the German Water Sector: How to Push the Tanker into the Right Direction? Part III: International Case Studies: The UK and Argentina 11. Private Financing of Transport Infrastructure: Some UK Experience 12. Argentina’s 1990s’ Utilities Privatization: Cure or Disease? Part IV: Sectoral Case Studies from the Electricity Sector 13. Governance Mechanisms for the Electricity Market in Argentina: Critical Analysis and International Comparison 14. Electricity Network Regulation: Practical Implementation in the Nordic Countries 15. Cross-subsidies in Russian Electric Power Tariffs: Not as Bad as their Reputation Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book reveals significant lessons on how economic prosperity was secured for people over three decades in eight Asian countries. It focusses on the careful way in which these nations designed and implemented pro-growth, liberal economic and financial policies. A new phenomenon - namely financial fragility - in the more liberalised fast growth Asian economies is also examined.The authors explore why only some of the early reformers among China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, and Thailand succumbed to a serious financial crisis in 1997 whilst others did not. They also analyse the impact of policies implemented by the crisis-hit economies, either under the IMF restructuring programs or independent pursuit of capital and currency controls. The book goes on to identify the weaknesses of the banking sector in order to explain the reasons behind the financial crisis. The book concludes with lessons for other emerging economies undertaking economic and financial development through liberalization. These examples reveal policies that could be prescribed in order to prevent future problems. Focusing on post-crisis reforms and their policy impacts, and on post-crisis evaluation of restructuring implemented in the financial sector, this book will appeal to academics and those with specific interests in Asian studies and/or banking and finance. Policymakers - in particular those at central banks and treasuries, along with professionals in financial institutions and multinational firms, will find the book to be a fascinating read.Trade Review'The book is well written and documented. It has assembled a large quantity of valuable data and provides objective and cogent analyses. . . the book is a significant contribution to Asian economic studies.' -- Chu-yuan Cheng, Comparative Economic Studies'. . . a potentially valuable resource for a geographic approach to the study of economic growth and development in Asia.' -- S.J. Gabriel, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Hal Hill Preface 1. Liberalization: Asia’s New-Found Development Strategy 2. Asian Financial Markets: From Crisis to Recoveries 3. China: A Command Economy Responding Well to Market Signals for a Long While Now 4. India: More than a Decade of Liberalization, Yet Not Fast Enough 5. Indonesia: Liberalization Amidst Exchange Rate and Now Growing Political Stability 6. South Korea: A Case of Capital Account Liberalization, Growth Collapse and Reforms to Recovery 7. Malaysia: Liberalization under Exchange and Capital Controls 8. Pakistan: Liberalization with Internal and External Shocks 9. Singapore: Continual Reforms to Maintain Financial Centre Status 10. Thailand: Open External Sector, Exposed Financial Sector 11. Lessons for Development through Liberalization Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisToday, the study of regions is central to academic analysis and policy deliberation on how to respond to the rise of the knowledge economy. Regional Economies as Knowledge Laboratories illustrates how newer types of regional analysis - utilising scientometrics, knowledge services measures and university networks, and concepts such as knowledge life cycles, experimental knowledge creation, and knowledge ethics - are leading to a perception that regional economies increasingly resemble knowledge laboratories. In addition to these measures and concepts, the book features case studies and assessments of policies implemented to facilitate regional engagement with the knowledge economy, and a critique of 'knowledge economy' as ideology. The importance of maintaining a balanced perspective in assessing the depth and reach of the role of knowledge in the market economy is also examined.Aiming to contribute to the better understanding of theories and practices associated with knowledge regions, this book will appeal to a wide ranging audience, including regional and industrial economists, innovation scientists, academics and practitioners with an interest in knowledge and management organisation, regional scientists, economic geographers, and economic sociologists.Trade Review'The book covers a large variety of topics related to regional economies and knowledge economies. An important merit of this book is the use of case studies of regions and firms to illustrate arguments. . . The book will be very instructive for students as well as researchers interested in regional economics, policy makers and regional planners.' -- Valerien O. Pede, Papers in Regional Science'The book offers useful insights to readers interested in regional economic development from either a theoretical or applied standpoint. Most importantly, it provides a number of empirical examples that reach beyond the well-documented list of "usual suspects" (e.g. Silicon Valley, etc.) and shows how policymakers in a wide range of regional and national settings have responded to the challenges of regional economic development in the knowledge economy.' -- Tara Vinodrai, Journal of Regional Science'The book is a very useful contribution to the literature on a subject that is becoming increasingly popular. . . Despite the welter of related academic articles in this general area of discipline, there has been remarkably little that attempts to bring the different levels of academic analysis together to provide some coherent, underpinning theory for the view that regional economies can be manipulated, or experimented with, utilising knowledge management as a development strategy, so the book deserves to be well consulted on this aspect alone.' -- Economic Geography Research Group'. . . the book is an accessible and valuable addition to the debate. Balanced with a discussion of the theoretical conception of the knowledge economy is a strong use of international case studies, which makes the book an informative read for anyone interested in the knowledge economy.' -- Jessica Barker, Town Planning ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: The Scale Question in Knowledge Creation, Capture and Commercialization 1. Strategic Adaptation to the Knowledge Economy in Less Favoured Regions: A South Ostrobothnian University Network as a Case in Point 2. Higher Education and High Intellectual Unemployment: Does Education Matter? An Interpretation and Some Critical Perspectives 3. The Geography of Research Collaboration: Theoretical Considerations and Stylized Facts in Biotechnology in Europe and the United States 4. Knowledge Intensive Business Services and Regional Development: Consultancy in City Regions in Norway 5. The Cluster as a Nexus of Knowledge Creation 6. Knowledge Life Cycles Inside Local Economic Systems 7. High-Tech Industry Clustering Rationales: The Case of German Biotechnology 8. Industry–Science Relationships as Enhancing Regional Knowledge Economies: A Comparative Perspective from Japan and the UK 9. Placing Ireland’s Transition to a Knowledge Economy within a Global Context 10. The Spatial Dimension of Inter-Firm Learning: Case Study and Conceptualization 11. Knowledge, Values and Territory: A Case Study 12. The ‘Knowledge Economy’: A Critical View 13. Conclusions: Regional Economies as Knowledge Laboratories: Theories, Fashions and Future Steps Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely and much-needed Handbook reconsiders an old topic from a fresh perspective, raising a number of new, interesting and worthwhile issues in the wake of ten years of globalization. This comprehensive analysis illustrates that old-style industrial policies whereby the government directly intervened in markets, and was often the producer itself, are no longer relevant. Structural changes occurring in economies - summarized in the term 'globalization' - are triggering the definition and implementation of new industrial policies. The contributors, leading experts in their field, unite to evaluate this shift of over a decade ago. Employing various empirical and methodological approaches with a strong theoretical underpinning, this world-wide study of the state-of-the-art of industrial policy issues is an invaluable reference tool. It has been enthusiastically received by a wide-ranging audience including scholars, researchers and policy makers with an interest in industrial economics and policy, business studies and policies for growth, competitiveness and development.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Patrizio Bianchi and Sandrine Labory PART I: INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 1. From ‘Old’ Industrial Policy to ‘New’ Industrial Development Policies Patrizio Bianchi and Sandrine Labory 2. Emerging Issues in the New Economy and Globalization Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella 3. European Industrial Policy Jacques Pelkmans 4. Industrial Policy in Developing Countries: What Can We Learn from East Asia? Sanjaya Lall 5. Do Informational Service Activities Translate into New Industrial Policy Requirements? Jacques De Bandt PART II: COMPETITION AND REGULATORY ISSUES 6. Competition Policy and Innovation Jochen Lorentzen and Peter Møllgaard 7. State Aid to Business Stephen Martin and Paola Valbonesi 8. Mergers and Concentration Policy Hans Schenk 9. Liberalization and Regulation of Public Utility Sectors: Theories and Practice Tom Björkroth, Sonja Grönblom and Johan Willner 10. State-Owned Enterprises, Privatization and Industrial Policy Andrea Goldstein PART III: RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION 11. Intellectual Property Rights and Market Dynamics Fabrizio Cesaroni and Paola Giuri 12. New Approaches to Intellectual Protection: From Open Software to Knowledge-based Industrial Activities Nicolas Jullien and Jean-Benoît Zimmermann 13. Science-based Industries and Spin-offs Marco Giarratana and Salvatore Torrisi 14. Science Parks and High-Tech Clustering Jan Annerstedt 15. Technology Policy and Social Policy: How Industrial Policy Applies to Health Daniele Paci and Stuart O. Schweitzer PART IV: TERRITORY, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SMALL FIRMS 16. Decentralizing Industrial Policies: Threat or Opportunity in Developing Countries? Leandro Sepulveda and Ash Amin 17. The Local Dimensions of Industrial Policy Marco Bellandi and Marco Di Tommaso 18. Business Support Policies Nicola Bellini 19. Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Policies in Europe, Latin America and Asia Patrizio Bianchi, Sandrine Labory, Daniele Paci and Mario Davide Parrilli PART V: THE USE OF GAME THEORY IN INDUSTRIAL POLICY ANALYSIS 20. The Genesis of Game Theory and its Role in Industrial Economics Luca Lambertini 21. Differential Game-Theoretical Analysis and Industrial Policy Roberto Cellini and Luca Lambertini PART VI: PARTICULAR VIEWS 22. Industrial Policy: Perspectives, Experience, Issues Christos N. Pitelis Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the links between globalization and equity from the perspectives of seven regions: the Commonwealth of Independent States, East Asia and South Asia, Eastern and Central Europe, Latin America, the Middle East and North Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It presents the views of researchers from the developing world, voices that are seldom heard in the ongoing debate on globalization, and provides models of successful research conducted in developing and transition countries, thus promoting homegrown expertise.The contributions from different regions reflect their disparate experiences and represent diverse positions on globalization and equity. Nevertheless, they reveal a fledgling consensus on the benefits of the developing world's entry into a global universe and the necessity for prudent adjustment to the perils of this endeavor.Academics interested in the political economy and development studies as well as policy-oriented researchers and policymakers concerned with the challenges entailed by globalization will find Globalization and Equity of great interest.Trade Review'In bringing together seven regional studies by economists from the Global Development Network, Natalia Dinello and Lyn Squire provide an insightful perspective on the relationships between globalization and equity. The topic is important, but too often has been oversimplified and viewed through western lenses. Complexity does not preclude strong conclusions, dubbed the Cairo Consensus here, but its analysis is helped by the mix of expertise and local knowledge embodied in this book.' -- Richard Pomfret, University of Adelaide, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Globalization and Equity: Cutting Through the Confusion 2. Globalization and Inequality in the Arab Region 3. Sub-Saharan Africa: The Myth and the Reality 4. Economic Globalization and Equity in East Asia 5. Globalization, Equity and Poverty: The South Asian Experience 6. Institutions and the Commonwealth of Independent States 7. Transition, Globalization and Equity: Eastern and Central Europe 8. Globalization and Equity: A Latin American Perspective Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn a shrinking and increasingly globalised world, it is vital for any entrepreneur to carefully select the location at which production or other economic activities will occur. This book provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial behaviour in a spatial context, and links it to important new fields in economics such as endogenous growth theory, the new economic geography and evolutionary theory. Although most of the literature to date has failed to study the geographic element of entrepreneurship, this book redresses the balance by examining the spatial variation in entrepreneurial activity and the implications of this for regional policy. The authors provide an in-depth analysis of the role of the entrepreneur in fostering economic development, document the most important recent theoretical and empirical developments, and explain the reasons why some regions grow whereas others stagnate. They also present a number of empirical analyses including case studies from the manufacturing and ICT sectors, as well as an examination of the role of university-based knowledge transfer and entrepreneurial behaviour. Throughout the book, the role of knowledge, knowledge transmission and knowledge spillovers are considered as they relate to entrepreneurial activity and location decisions. This book presents many important new findings on the relationship between entrepreneurship, agglomeration and economic growth. It will make a substantial addition to the literature and will be essential reading for regional economists, geographers, business and management analysts, and development practitioners and policymakers.Trade Review'This is a book with several excellent and interesting contributions on spatial aspects of entrepreneurship and economic growth.' -- Hans Westlund, Papers in Regional Science'This is a most welcome volume of collected papers addressing a topic that has grown in importance in the recent past. . . This is an excellent collection of papers and while readers will not agree with all that is written there is plenty to provoke discussion and add to knowledge.' -- Geoff Whittam, Journal of Regional Science'Entrepreneurship had been high on the jobs growth and economic development agendas for many years and this edited book makes an important and timely contribution to the debate. . . the book is nicely poised to bring together space, innovation and economic growth linked together with entrepreneurship. . . This book provides an excellent and worthwhile insight into many of the issues with many contributions that significantly add to our understanding of entrepreneurship and regional development.' -- Ronald W. McQuaid, Growth & ChangeTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Part I: Entrepreneurship and Economic Development 2. Firm Behaviour and Organisation from an Evolutionary Perspective 3. The Roles of Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth: Toward a Theory of Total Factor Productivity 4. Technocapitalism and the New Ecology of Entrepreneurship Part II: Spatial Variation in Drivers of Economic Development 5. Spatial Variation in Social Capital Among UK Small and Medium-sized Enterprises 6. The Institutionalization and Endogenization of Venture Capital: A Regional Analysis of Northern Virginia in the 1990s 7. Human Capital and Regional Socio-economic Performance: Differential Patterns Across Australia’s Cities and Towns Part III: Empirical Case Studies 8. A Knowledge-based View on Innovation in Regional Networks: The Case of the KIC Project 9. The Role of Collective Learning in ICT Adoption and Use 10. Industrial Clusters and Regional Development: A Transactions-Costs Perspective on the Semiconductor Industry 11. Academic Knowledge and Fostering Entrepreneurship: An Evolutionary Perspective Part IV: Theoretical Approaches 12. Location of Engineering and Designer Services in the Information Economy 13. Firm Dynamics and Self-organised Criticality 14. Knowledge, Capital Formation and Innovation Behaviour in a Spatial Context Index

Read more less