Development economics Books

Book SynopsisIn Productivity and Prosperity, Karen Foster zeroes in on the paradox of productivity: that it is the key to economic prosperity and yet its connection to well-being and median incomes has all but disappeared.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Introduction 1. The Discovery of Productivity 2. Managing and Measuring Productivity 3. The Dominion Bureau of Statistics 4. The National Productivity Council 5. The Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency 6. The Decline of Productivity? 7. Conclusion: Productivity's Future and the Limits of Growth Bibliography Notes

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Book SynopsisProviding a broad-based background for analysing economic policies, this textbook brings economic rationality to political decision making.Table of ContentsList of Tables List of Figures List of Acronyms Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Setting the Agricultural Stage 1.1.1 Top Agricultural Commodity Producers 1.1.2 Food Security: Green Revolution and Crop Yields 1.2 Structure of the Book Guide to Literature Chapter 2. Project Evaluation Criteria 2.1 Private Financial Analysis 2.1.1 Financial Ranking Criteria 2.1.2 Conclusion 2.2 Society’s Perspective: Social Cost-Benefit Analysis 2.2.1 Benefits and Costs as Rent and Surplus 2.2.2 The Fundamental Equation of Applied Welfare Economics 2.2.3 Total Economic Value 2.2.4 Total (Average) Value Versus Marginal Value 2.2.5 Conclusion 2.3 Multiple Accounts and Alternative Criteria 2.3.1 Environmental Quality 2.3.2 Regional Economic Development and Employment: Indirect Benefits 2.3.3 Other Social Effects 2.3.4 Concluding Observations about Multiple Accounts 2.4 Alternative Methods for Evaluating Projects 2.4.1 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 2.4.2 Multiple Criteria Decision Making 2.4.3 Life-Cycle Assessment 2.4.4 Cumulative Effects Analysis 2.5 Extreme Events and Irreversibility 2.6 Discounting and Choice of Discount Rate 2.6.1 Dilemmas in Choosing a Discount Rate in Cost-Benefit Analysis 2.6.2 Risk Adjusted Discount Rates 2.6.3 Discounting in an Intergenerational Context Guide to the Literature Food for Thought Chapter 3. Externalities and Nonmarket Valuation 3.1 Cost Function Approach 3.2 Expenditure Function 3.2.1 Hedonic Pricing 3.2.2 Recreation Demand and the Travel Cost Method 3.3 Contingent Methods or Direct Approaches 3.3.1 Contingent Valuation Method 3.3.2 Choice Experiments/Stated Preferences 3.3.3 Constructed Preferences/Stakeholder Method 3.3.4 Fuzzy and ad hoc Methods for Determining Nonmarket Values 3.4 Benefit Transfer 3.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 4. International Trade and Applied Welfare Analysis 4.1 Spatial Price Equilibrium Trade Modelling 4.2 Unrestricted Free Trade 4.3 Trade and the Measurement of Wellbeing in Multiple Markets 4.3.1 Vertical Chains 4.3.2 Vertical and Horizontal Chains 4.4 Economic Policy and Trade: Examples 4.4.1 EU Import Restrictions on Canadian Durum Wheat 4.4.2 Incentivizing Anti-Dumping and Countervail Duty Complaints: Byrd Amendment 4.4.3 Restricting Log Exports 4.5 Concluding Discussion Appendix 4.A: Mathematics of Supply Restrictions Appendix 4.B: Calculation of Objective Function in SPE Models Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 5. Governance, Rent-Seeking, Global Trade and the Agreement on Agriculture 5.1 Institutions and Governance 5.1.1 Models of Government 5.1.2 Takings 5.1.3 Institutions 5.1.4 Financing Government and Public Projects 5.2 Land Use and the Principal-Agent Problem 5.3 International Trade Negotiations and Agriculture 5.3.1 Agreement on Agriculture 5.3.2 Agreement on Subsidies and Countervail Measures 5.4 Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) 5.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 6. Analysis of Agricultural Policy: Theory 6.1 Background to Analysis of Agricultural Policy 6.2 Stock-Holding Buffer Fund Stabilization 6.3 Quotas and Supply-Restricting Marketing Boards 6.3.1 Quota and General Equilibrium Welfare Measurement 6.3.2 Quota Buyouts 6.3.3 Designing and Dismantling a Multi-Region Quota Program 6.4 Price Discrimination 6.5 Agricultural Technology: Genetically Modified Organisms 6.5.1 Agricultural Research and Development 6.5.2 Genetically Modified Organisms 6.6 Measuring Externalities in Agriculture 6.7 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 7. Agricultural Policies in the U.S. and Canada 7.1 Agricultural Support: A Brief Overview 7.2 U.S. Agricultural Policy 7.2.1 Analysis of U.S. Price Support Programs 7.2.2 Reducing Production and Disposing of Excess Grain 7.2.3 Decoupling 7.2.4 Moving Forward 7.3 Canadian Agricultural Policy 7.3.1 State Trading: The Canadian Wheat Board (1935-2012) 7.3.2 Crop Insurance 7.3.3 Western Grain Stabilization Act (1976) 7.3.4 Transportation Programs and Subsidies 7.3.5 Supply Management 7.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 8. Agricultural Policy in Europe and Asia 8.1 Agricultural Policy Reform in the European Union 8.1.1 Background to the European Union 8.1.2 High and Increasing Costs of Agricultural Programs 8.1.3 Integration of New Members 8.1.4 Reform of the CAP and Increasing Environmental Concerns 8.1.5 Further Analysis of Sector-Level Programs 8.1.6 Brexit 8.2 Agriculture in Developing Countries 8.2.1 Economy-wide Economic Reform and Chinese Agriculture 8.2.2 India and the Rice Economy Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 9. Agricultural Business Risk Management 9.1 Privatizing Agricultural Hedges: Financial Products versus Insurance 9.1.1 Index Insurance and Derivatives 9.1.2 Futures Trading and Options 9.2 Agricultural Business Risk Management in the United States 9.2.1 Deep Loss Protection: The Federal Crop Insurance Program 9.2.2 Agricultural Business Risk Management Programs in the 2008 Farm Bill 9.2.3 Agricultural Business Risk Programs in the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills 9.2.4 Dairy 9.2.5 Trade Issues 9.3 Agricultural Business Risk Management in Canada 9.3.1 The Shift from Price Support to Risk Management 9.3.2 Enter Growing Forward 9.3.3 Shift from Growing Forward (GF) to Growing Forward 2 (GF2) 9.3.4 Evaluation of Canada’s Agricultural Business Risk Programs 9.3.5 Going Forward: Canadian Agricultural Partnership 9.4 Concluding Discussion: Lessons for Agricultural Business Risk Management 9.4.1 Do Agricultural BRM Programs Distort Production? 9.4.2 Comparison of U.S. and Canadian Approaches to Risk Management Appendix 9.A: A Brief Look at the Economics of Risk and Risk Aversion 9.A.1 Systemic versus Idiosyncratic Risk 9.A.2 Expected Income Maximization and the Risk Aversion Coefficient Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 10. Climate Change and Applied Welfare Economics 10.1 Anthropogenic Climate Change and its Impact 10.1.1 Climate Sensitivity 10.1.2 Damages 10.2 Economic Evaluation: The Role of Integrated Assessment Models 10.2.1 Climate Models and Policy Models 10.2.2 Carbon Price Policy Variable 10.3 Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture 10.3.1 Land Rents and the Regression Approach 10.3.2 Mathematical Representation of Landowner Decisions 10.4 Climate Change and Food Security 10.5 Discounting and Climate Urgency 10.5.1 Discounting Carbon 10.5.2 Economics of Wood Biomass Energy: Climate Urgency and Discounting 10.6 Mitigating Climate Change 10.6.1 International Action to Mitigate Climate Change 10.6.2 Agricultural Role in Mitigating Climate Change 10.6.3 Managing for Carbon: Carbon Pools and Fossil Fuel Substitution 10.7 Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought References

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Book SynopsisOil fuels the global economy and remains a staple of our energy system. Yet, its production and use continue to draw negative criticism, and an increasing number of people want to reduce or eliminate its use altogether.Profits and Power sheds light on how the oil system works, its key players, and the political and geopolitical issues related to its use. Starting in the second half of the nineteenth century, the book traces the fascinating history of how oil production and its sale became the world’s most profitable business. Tracing distinct eras in oil’s past, Profits and Power shows how periods defined by shifts in price often dictated who controlled production, and who enjoyed the often enormous riches oil production generated. David A. Detomasi weaves together politics, geopolitics, and economics to provide a complete picture of how the system really works, and what direction it will take in the future.As the world becomes increasingly Table of Contents1. Introduction 2. A Primer on the Oil Industry 3. The Legacy of Oil: 1858–2000 4. The Oil Market, 2000–2014: Rising Prices and the Perils of Profit 5. The Politics, Geopolitics, and Global Governance of Oil: 2000–2014 6. The Politics and Markets of a Price Fall: 2014–2019 7. 2020 and Beyond: Oil in the Post-Pandemic World Conclusion Notes Index

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Book SynopsisIn Productivity and Prosperity, Karen Foster zeroes in on the paradox of productivity: that it is the key to economic prosperity and yet its connection to well-being and median incomes has all but disappeared.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements Introduction 1. The Discovery of Productivity 2. Managing and Measuring Productivity 3. The Dominion Bureau of Statistics 4. The National Productivity Council 5. The Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency 6. The Decline of Productivity? 7. Conclusion: Productivity's Future and the Limits of Growth Bibliography Notes

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Book SynopsisProviding a broad-based background for analysing economic policies, this textbook brings economic rationality to political decision making.Table of ContentsList of Tables List of Figures List of Acronyms Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Setting the Agricultural Stage 1.1.1 Top Agricultural Commodity Producers 1.1.2 Food Security: Green Revolution and Crop Yields 1.2 Structure of the Book Guide to Literature Chapter 2. Project Evaluation Criteria 2.1 Private Financial Analysis 2.1.1 Financial Ranking Criteria 2.1.2 Conclusion 2.2 Society’s Perspective: Social Cost-Benefit Analysis 2.2.1 Benefits and Costs as Rent and Surplus 2.2.2 The Fundamental Equation of Applied Welfare Economics 2.2.3 Total Economic Value 2.2.4 Total (Average) Value Versus Marginal Value 2.2.5 Conclusion 2.3 Multiple Accounts and Alternative Criteria 2.3.1 Environmental Quality 2.3.2 Regional Economic Development and Employment: Indirect Benefits 2.3.3 Other Social Effects 2.3.4 Concluding Observations about Multiple Accounts 2.4 Alternative Methods for Evaluating Projects 2.4.1 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 2.4.2 Multiple Criteria Decision Making 2.4.3 Life-Cycle Assessment 2.4.4 Cumulative Effects Analysis 2.5 Extreme Events and Irreversibility 2.6 Discounting and Choice of Discount Rate 2.6.1 Dilemmas in Choosing a Discount Rate in Cost-Benefit Analysis 2.6.2 Risk Adjusted Discount Rates 2.6.3 Discounting in an Intergenerational Context Guide to the Literature Food for Thought Chapter 3. Externalities and Nonmarket Valuation 3.1 Cost Function Approach 3.2 Expenditure Function 3.2.1 Hedonic Pricing 3.2.2 Recreation Demand and the Travel Cost Method 3.3 Contingent Methods or Direct Approaches 3.3.1 Contingent Valuation Method 3.3.2 Choice Experiments/Stated Preferences 3.3.3 Constructed Preferences/Stakeholder Method 3.3.4 Fuzzy and ad hoc Methods for Determining Nonmarket Values 3.4 Benefit Transfer 3.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 4. International Trade and Applied Welfare Analysis 4.1 Spatial Price Equilibrium Trade Modelling 4.2 Unrestricted Free Trade 4.3 Trade and the Measurement of Wellbeing in Multiple Markets 4.3.1 Vertical Chains 4.3.2 Vertical and Horizontal Chains 4.4 Economic Policy and Trade: Examples 4.4.1 EU Import Restrictions on Canadian Durum Wheat 4.4.2 Incentivizing Anti-Dumping and Countervail Duty Complaints: Byrd Amendment 4.4.3 Restricting Log Exports 4.5 Concluding Discussion Appendix 4.A: Mathematics of Supply Restrictions Appendix 4.B: Calculation of Objective Function in SPE Models Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 5. Governance, Rent-Seeking, Global Trade and the Agreement on Agriculture 5.1 Institutions and Governance 5.1.1 Models of Government 5.1.2 Takings 5.1.3 Institutions 5.1.4 Financing Government and Public Projects 5.2 Land Use and the Principal-Agent Problem 5.3 International Trade Negotiations and Agriculture 5.3.1 Agreement on Agriculture 5.3.2 Agreement on Subsidies and Countervail Measures 5.4 Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) 5.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 6. Analysis of Agricultural Policy: Theory 6.1 Background to Analysis of Agricultural Policy 6.2 Stock-Holding Buffer Fund Stabilization 6.3 Quotas and Supply-Restricting Marketing Boards 6.3.1 Quota and General Equilibrium Welfare Measurement 6.3.2 Quota Buyouts 6.3.3 Designing and Dismantling a Multi-Region Quota Program 6.4 Price Discrimination 6.5 Agricultural Technology: Genetically Modified Organisms 6.5.1 Agricultural Research and Development 6.5.2 Genetically Modified Organisms 6.6 Measuring Externalities in Agriculture 6.7 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 7. Agricultural Policies in the U.S. and Canada 7.1 Agricultural Support: A Brief Overview 7.2 U.S. Agricultural Policy 7.2.1 Analysis of U.S. Price Support Programs 7.2.2 Reducing Production and Disposing of Excess Grain 7.2.3 Decoupling 7.2.4 Moving Forward 7.3 Canadian Agricultural Policy 7.3.1 State Trading: The Canadian Wheat Board (1935-2012) 7.3.2 Crop Insurance 7.3.3 Western Grain Stabilization Act (1976) 7.3.4 Transportation Programs and Subsidies 7.3.5 Supply Management 7.5 Concluding Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 8. Agricultural Policy in Europe and Asia 8.1 Agricultural Policy Reform in the European Union 8.1.1 Background to the European Union 8.1.2 High and Increasing Costs of Agricultural Programs 8.1.3 Integration of New Members 8.1.4 Reform of the CAP and Increasing Environmental Concerns 8.1.5 Further Analysis of Sector-Level Programs 8.1.6 Brexit 8.2 Agriculture in Developing Countries 8.2.1 Economy-wide Economic Reform and Chinese Agriculture 8.2.2 India and the Rice Economy Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 9. Agricultural Business Risk Management 9.1 Privatizing Agricultural Hedges: Financial Products versus Insurance 9.1.1 Index Insurance and Derivatives 9.1.2 Futures Trading and Options 9.2 Agricultural Business Risk Management in the United States 9.2.1 Deep Loss Protection: The Federal Crop Insurance Program 9.2.2 Agricultural Business Risk Management Programs in the 2008 Farm Bill 9.2.3 Agricultural Business Risk Programs in the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills 9.2.4 Dairy 9.2.5 Trade Issues 9.3 Agricultural Business Risk Management in Canada 9.3.1 The Shift from Price Support to Risk Management 9.3.2 Enter Growing Forward 9.3.3 Shift from Growing Forward (GF) to Growing Forward 2 (GF2) 9.3.4 Evaluation of Canada’s Agricultural Business Risk Programs 9.3.5 Going Forward: Canadian Agricultural Partnership 9.4 Concluding Discussion: Lessons for Agricultural Business Risk Management 9.4.1 Do Agricultural BRM Programs Distort Production? 9.4.2 Comparison of U.S. and Canadian Approaches to Risk Management Appendix 9.A: A Brief Look at the Economics of Risk and Risk Aversion 9.A.1 Systemic versus Idiosyncratic Risk 9.A.2 Expected Income Maximization and the Risk Aversion Coefficient Guide to Literature Food for Thought Chapter 10. Climate Change and Applied Welfare Economics 10.1 Anthropogenic Climate Change and its Impact 10.1.1 Climate Sensitivity 10.1.2 Damages 10.2 Economic Evaluation: The Role of Integrated Assessment Models 10.2.1 Climate Models and Policy Models 10.2.2 Carbon Price Policy Variable 10.3 Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture 10.3.1 Land Rents and the Regression Approach 10.3.2 Mathematical Representation of Landowner Decisions 10.4 Climate Change and Food Security 10.5 Discounting and Climate Urgency 10.5.1 Discounting Carbon 10.5.2 Economics of Wood Biomass Energy: Climate Urgency and Discounting 10.6 Mitigating Climate Change 10.6.1 International Action to Mitigate Climate Change 10.6.2 Agricultural Role in Mitigating Climate Change 10.6.3 Managing for Carbon: Carbon Pools and Fossil Fuel Substitution 10.7 Discussion Guide to Literature Food for Thought References

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Book SynopsisAT ITS ANNUAL MEETING in 1957, the Royal Society of Canada, celebrating the seventy-fifth anniversary of its foundation, departed from the accustomed pattern of its meetings. Instead of assembling in separate sections, Fellows from each Section of the Society were asked to contribute to a conspectus, focused by their specialized knowledge and trained discrimination, to reveal to the Society and to others certain trends and tendencies in Canada. Subjects and contributors are: "These Seventy-Five Years" (Presidential Address by W. A. Mackintosh); "The Roles of the Scientist and the Scholar in Canada's Future" (W. A. Mackintosh, David L. Thomson); "The Penalties of Ignorance of Man's Biological Dependence" (E. G. D. Murray, K. W. Neatby, I. McT. Cowan, G. H. Ettinger, R. H. Manske); "The Social Impact of Modern Technology" (N. A. M. MacKenzie, V. W. Bladen, E. W. R. Steacie, W. H. Watson); "Our Economic Potential in the Light of Science" (H. C. Gunning, J. E. Hawley, L. M. Pidgeon, B. S.

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Book SynopsisHow have state policies influenced the development of Japan''s telecommunications, computer hardware, computer software, and semiconductor industries and their stagnation since the 1990s? Marie Anchordoguy''s book examines how the performance of these industries and the economy as a whole are affected by the socially embedded nature of Japan''s capitalist system, which she calls communitarian capitalism.Reprogramming Japan shows how the institutions and policies that emerged during and after World War II to maintain communitarian norms, such as the lifetime employment system, seniority-based wages, enterprise unions, a centralized credit-based financial system, industrial groups, the main bank corporate governance system, and industrial policies, helped promote high tech industries. When conditions shifted in the 1980s and 1990s, these institutions and policies did not suit the new environment, in which technological change was rapid and unpredictable and foreign produTrade ReviewReprogramming Japan is rich in both detail and insight in analyzing the institutional context within which Japanese high-technology firms operate.... Anchordoguy paints a vivid image of Japan's capitalism and analyzes why Japanese firms have responded so sluggishly to fast-paced technological change.... The general reader will find great satisfaction in Anchordoguy's highly thought-provoking overview of what has gone wring in Japan's variant of capitalism. The specialist will find a wealth of detail, including extensive quotes from key actors in the four sectors semiconductors, computer hardware, software, and telecommunications. * Asian Business and Management *Reprogramming Japan is an engrossing study of why Japan has performed poorly in almost all the information technology industries. In explaining Japan's adherence to communitarian capitalism, Anchordoguy disagrees with analysts who blame a political system that favors entrenched interests. Instead, she argues that the root problem is strong social norms that dictate against market disruption. Her best evidence is a rich body of material from her own interviews with an impressive array of Japanese business and government officials. The real jewels of the book are the quotes from these interviews that reveal Japan’s continued moral ambivalence about competitive markets. * Pacific Affairs *

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Book SynopsisMobilizing for Development tackles the question of how countries achieve rural development and offers a new way of thinking about East Asia''s political economy that challenges the developmental state paradigm. Through a comparison of Taiwan (1950s1970s), South Korea (1950s1970s), and China (1980s2000s), Kristen E. Looney shows that different types of development outcomesimprovements in agricultural production, rural living standards, and the village environmentwere realized to different degrees, at different times, and in different ways. She argues that rural modernization campaigns, defined as policies demanding high levels of mobilization to effect dramatic change, played a central role in the region and that divergent development outcomes can be attributed to the interplay between campaigns and institutions. The analysis departs from common portrayals of the developmental state as wholly technocratic and demonstrates that rural development was not just a byproduct of induTrade ReviewThe book combines an original theoretical framework, rich knowledge and profound insight about all three cases, and an exemplary comparative historical analysis. It should be treated seriously by those interested in developmental states, rural studies and East Asia, and will definitely trigger more discussions. For China scholars, the book's conceptualization and analysis of campaigns also advance our understanding of this policy tool that is so commonly pursued in the country. * The China Quarterly *Looney not only expertly recounts the socio-economic context of the campaigns in Taiwan, South Korea, and China: through an analysis of the style of their implementation and outcomes we also learn how these campaigns ended up with such different results. * The University of British Columbia *In Mobilizing for Development, political scientist Kristen E. Looney masterfully illuminates and compares the poorly understood—and often ignored—role that rural development played in the developmental success stories of Taiwan, South Korea, and China... [T]his manuscript will be a must for scholars who research development or the politics of these East Asian societies... [A] writing style that is simultaneously engaging and in-depth, both sparing and rich with detail... * Developing Economies *Table of ContentsIntroduction: The State and Rural Development in East Asia 1. The Role of Rural Institutions and State Campaigns in Development 2. Rural Development in Taiwan, 1950s–1970s 3. Rural Development in South Korea, 1950s–1970s 4. Rural Development in China, 1980s–2000s Conclusion: The Rural Developmental State

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewSarosh Kuruvilla provides one of the most comprehensive interrogations yet of private regulation across multiple countries, industries, and regulatory methods in Private Regulation of Labor Standards in Global Supply Chains. This book is excellent in that it not only provides a well-explained background of the problem of private regulation in global supply chains but also builds upon previous research to add texture to arguments. * ILR Review *The work of Kuruvilla with his fellow researchers, Private Regulation of Labor Standards in Global Supply Chains, is both an excellent introduction and a serious study of the issue. Kuruvilla presents the results of analyses and his arguments in an easy-to-read manner while employing sound, uncompromising methodology. His vast knowledge of the relevant literature has made his arguments even more convincing.I believe this excellent study by Kuruvilla should be read widely. * The Developping Economics *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Private Regulation of Labor Standards in Global Supply Chains since the 1990s OVERVIEW: PROBLEMS 1. Behavioral Invisibility: The Reliability of Supplier Data and the Unique Role of Audit Consultants 2. Practice Multiplicity in the Implementation of Private Regulation Programs 3. Causal Complexity: The Varied Determinants of Compliance and Workplace-Level Improvements OVERVIEW: PROGRESS 4. Has Private Regulation Improved Labor Practicesin Global Supply Chains? An Empirical Examination 5. Wages in Global Supply Chains: Where They Stand and Where We Need to Go 6. Freedom of Association and Collective Bargainingin Global Supply Chains OVERVIEW: PROSPECTS 7. Are Changes in Corporate Governance an Answer? 8. Aligning Sourcing and Compliance Insidea Global Corporation 9. From Opacity to Transparency: Pathways to Improvement of Private Regulation 10. Conclusion

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Book SynopsisMediterranean Capitalism Revisited brings together leading experts on the political economies of southern Europespecifically Greece, Italy, Spain, and Portugalto closely analyze and explain the primary socioeconomic and institutional features that define Mediterranean capitalism within the wider European context. These economies share a number of features, most notably their difficulties to provide viable answers to the challenge of globalization.By examining and comparing such components as welfare, education and innovation policies, cultural dimensions, and labor market regulation, Mediterranean Capitalism Revisited attends to both commonalities and divergences between the four countries, identifying the main reasons behind the poor performance of their economies and slow recovery from the Great Recession of 20072008. This volume also sheds light on the process of diversification among the four countries and addresses whether it did and still doeTrade ReviewThere is much to like about this fascinating book, revisiting the Mediterranean model of capitalism. The editors put together a stellar cast of scholars to provide an extensive and compelling account of political-economic continuity and change in Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain.Mediterranean Capitalism Revisited is an intellectually sophisticated and skilfully researched book: a must-read for all comparative political economy scholars. * ETUI *Table of ContentsIntroduction: Which Road to Development? The MediterraneanModel Revisited, by Luigi Burroni, Emmanuele Pavolini, and Marino Regini Part I: Economic Features and Institutional Context of Southern European Countries 1. Is There a "Mediterranean" Growth Model?, by Lucio Baccaro 2. States' Performance, Reforms, and Policy Capacity in Southern European Countries, by Giliberto Capano and Andrea Lippi 3. Which Level of Analysis? Internal versus External Explanations of Eurozone Divergence, by Sofia Perez 4. Following Different Paths of Modernization. The Changing Sociocultural Basis of Southern Europe, by Emmanuele Pavolini and Gemma Scalise Part II: Policies and Processes of Change 5. Labor Market (De)Regulation and Wage-Setting Institutions in Mediterranean Capitalism, by Alexandre Afonso, Lisa Dorigatti, Oscar Molina, and Arianna Tassinari 6. Southern European Welfare Systems in Transition, by Ana M. Guillén, Matteo Jessoula, Manos Matsaganis, Rui Branco, and Emmanuele Pavolini 7. How to Adjust? Italy and Spain at the Test of Financial Integration and Crisis, by Fabio Bulfone and Manuela Moschella 8. Human Capital Formation, Research and Development, and Innovation, by Luigi Burroni, Sabrina Colombo, and Marino Regini Conclusion: Mediterranean Capitalism between Change and Continuityity, by Luigi Burroni, Emmanuele Pavolini, and Marino Regini

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Book SynopsisIn a political climate that is skeptical of hard-to-measure outcomes, public funding for research universities is under threat. But if we scale back support for these institutions, we also cut off a key source of value creation in our economy and society. Research Universities and the Public Good offers a unique view of how universities work, what their purpose is, and why they are important. Countering recent arguments that we should "unbundle" or "disrupt" higher education, Jason Owen-Smith argues that research universities are valuable gems that deserve support. While they are complex and costly, their enduring value is threefold: they simultaneously act as sources of new knowledge, anchors for regional and national communities, and hubs that connect disparate parts of society. These distinctive features allow them, more than any other institution, to innovate in response to new problems and opportunities. Presenting numerous case studies that show how research universities play these three roles and why they matter, this book offers a fresh and stirring defense of the research university.Trade Review"A well-argued, data-rich defense of the irreplaceable role of American research universities—not only in science, engineering, and education, but in our national life. Now, more than ever, we need this book's deep appreciation of research universities' power to be sources, anchors, and hubs for 'beautiful accidents' in learning and innovation." -- Kei Koizumi * American Association for the Advancement of Science *"In this book, Jason Owen-Smith integrates innovative with previously disarticulated data to measure the outputs of our nation's research universities, institutions that prepare us for an increasingly complex future. In so doing, he compellingly reveals the mechanisms and pathways that produce positive societal results." -- Mary Sue Coleman * President of the Association of American Universities *"Less than 3% of all universities conduct 90% of funded research. This important book offers a careful, empirical account of how these research universities work – and their crucial contributions as anchors for communities, regions, and industries, and hubs for flows of knowledge and social connections. This is important reading not just to understand higher education, but to understand America's future." -- Craig Calhoun, University Professor of Social Sciences * Arizona State University *"Research Universities and the Public Good provides a strong argument for the importance of research universities...Presenting numerous case studies that show...why [research universities] matter, this book offers a fresh and readable defense of the American research university."––Maryann P. Feldman, Academe"The current discourse on universities, which narrowly conceives of them as mechanism for delivering degrees to students, desperately needs the message that Owen-Smith delivers here....[A] powerfully framed contribution to the literature on U.S. higher education" -- David F. Labaree * American Journal of Sociology *"This book is a timely reinforcement of the importance of research universities based on the public value they generate....[It] should interest researchers and policy makers concerned with innovation, growth, and how we can best address global challenges of the future." -- Anna Valero * Journal of Economic Literature *"In this beautifully crafted book, Owen-Smith explores the critical and central role that research universities play in the modern economy....This book should be of great interest to both policy makers and academic researchers interested in understanding the research university's role in modern innovation ecosystems and in our economy and society more broadly." -- Wesley D. Sine and Xirong (Subrina) Shen * Administrative Science Quarterly *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: Knowledge, Infrastructure, and the Need for Change chapter abstractState divestment in public campuses and stagnant federal funding put research universities in a position where maintaining their complex mission requires them to rely more and more heavily on institutional funding to support research and public service. This unsustainable funding model is being cemented at a time when skepticism about academic research and higher education is high, when austerity rhetoric makes substantial public investment difficult, and when justifications for universities emphasize individual returns to education and the impact of single grants or research fields. These trends put research universities at risk by wedding their work more tightly to the market and its rationales. Understanding why this is dangerous and how to protect these important institutions requires a new, system level, network approach to universities and their research. 1A System to Insure the Future chapter abstractThis chapter introduces three metaphors (sources, anchors and hubs) that organize the book. It demonstrates that current tools for analyzing, explaining and improving the work of research institutions are insufficient to the task. In order to ensure that publicly supported research universities remain the cornerstone of the national and global innovation system, it is necessary to develop a new model for understanding and explaining their work. That model focuses on collaboration networks, regional and community effects, and the inter-organizational connections that make universities into clearinghouses for problems and solutions from across society. An extended case study of Google's PageRank algorithm shows the surprising ways that federal research funding supported Google's development. It highlights the importance of focusing on research careers, multiple discoveries, and networks at many levels of analysis to understand how research universities and public support result in significant innovation and economic returns. 2The Organization of Research Universities chapter abstractToday's universities were not designed to serve the roles that make them so important. They evolved through a complicated process kicked off by key federal policy debates in the early Cold War years. Those conflicts and their outcomes help to explain the organization of today's universities, their complicated missions and the ways their work is or is not associated with collective benefits. The chapter addresses their complicated financial models and organization, focusing on decentralization, on campus public goods, and tradeoffs across revenue streams. A proposed revision to that the University of Wisconsin system's shows how the institutional and organizational complications that make universities difficult to explain and evaluate contribute to their fertility. The key to understanding how universities consistently serve important purposes for society has to do with their conservative character (they are slow to change) and their innovative work (they are a preeminent source of novelty). 3Sources of Discovery: Networks on Campus chapter abstractChapter 3 starts with the process of innovation. The discovery of new things (or new ways of doing old things) often results when existing pieces of knowledge or technology are combined in new ways. The smart phone touch screen pioneered by Apple provides a key example. Universities are continual sources of new discoveries because of the collaboration networks that grow on and across campuses. Those networks are diverse, balanced, and complex. Understanding how they work in order to have a chance to change and sustain them requires attention to the process by which they grow and reproduce themselves. A high-profile book in gender theory helps to illustrate the point. The chapter concludes with a detailed discussion of original qualitative research that uses human embryonic stem cell science to illustrate the ways that federal research funding plays a key role in the process of collaboration and the networks that result. 4Community Anchors: Building Resilience and Connection chapter abstractPublic support and the particular features of universities make them important anchors for communities, economies, industries, and regions. The anchor metaphor has three components. Universities add resilience to the things they anchor because they are stable, conservative, and geographically fixed. They help set the tone of their regions by acting as anchor tenants. The positive externalities created as they pursue their work make it easier for other types of organizations and communities to locate near them and succeed. Finally, they function as network actors whose commitment to openness and the public good allows them to pursue their own interests without exerting control over their products. That work means they can serve as a convener and meeting ground for many different constituencies. In that role, they strengthen connections among partners providing a scaffold for generative networks to grow. A case study of Napa Valley wine illustrates the point. 5Hubs Linking Communities: Generating Solutions for Known and Unknown Problems chapter abstractUniversities are hubs connecting far flung parts of society and they economy. In doing so they create shortcuts between different sectors, industries and communities. Being a hub makes universities good sources because it insures that problems and opportunities flow to them from many different parts of the world. It also makes them a target because their work touches on and influences some of the most important parts of society. Universities are hubs in two senses. They are network hubs because flows of people and knowledge to and from campus connect them to partners in all precincts of society. They are institutional hubs because their multiple missions and wide range of fields mean that most domains of contemporary life depend on their products. Case studies of the breast cancer gene (BRCA1) and the MIT Media Lab integrate and illuminate the various aspects of this important metaphor. 6Facing the Future Together chapter abstractChapter 6 describes how the system of research universities keeps our nation and the world poised to benefit from "unknown-unknown" opportunities and to respond to unforeseeable threats. It also calls for rigorous but local experimentation to improve research universities' ability to do this work. Such experiments should be guided by shared principles and informed by a research infrastructure that turns the academy's best science on itself. Academic responses to the recent outbreak of Zika Virus and the development of a new and powerful genetic technology (CRISPR) anchor the first portion of the chapter. Policy recommendations for expanded federal funding and a revitalized federal-state partnership enhanced by private sector engagement are offered.

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Book SynopsisBeginning in the 1950s, Taiwan rapidly industrialized, becoming a tributary to an increasingly "borderless" East Asian economy. And though President Trump has called for the end of "American carnage"—the loss of U.S. manufacturing jobs—domestic retailers and merchandisers still willingly ship production overseas, primarily to Taiwan. In this book, Gary G. Hamilton and Cheng-shu Kao show how Taiwanese businesspeople have played a tremendous, unsung role in their nation's continuing ascent. From prominent names like Pou Chen and Hon Hai to the owners of small and midsize firms, Taiwan's contract manufacturers have become the world's most sophisticated suppliers of consumer products the world over. Drawing on over 30 years of research and more than 800 interviews, Hamilton and Kao tell these industrialists' stories. The picture that emerges is one of agile neo-capitalists, caught in the flux of a rapidly changing landscape, who tirelessly endeavor to profit on it. Making Money reveals its subjects to be at once producers of economic globalization and its byproducts. While the future of Taiwanese business is uncertain, the durability of demand-led capitalism is not.Trade Review"Hamilton and Kao are the only scholars who could tell such a comprehensive and in-depth story about Taiwan's export-oriented manufacturing sector from its 1960s origins to the present. They situate this seemingly small story in the context of Chinese business and culture, East Asian development, and the global political economy—illustrating why it is a big deal. A masterful contribution."—Ho-Fung Hung, Johns Hopkins University, author of The China Boom"This book shows a lifetime of engagement with the fascinating story of Taiwan's remarkable growth. Hamilton and Kao explore the symbiotic relationship between changes in U.S. retail and manufacturing developments in Asia. But the real story is in their vivid interviews with entrepreneurs, the real makers of the Taiwanese miracle."—Stephan Haggard, University of California, San Diego, author of Pathways from the Periphery"With Taiwan's role in the global economy mainly confined to contract manufacturing and component production—rather than selling brand-name products—the island's importance has gone nearly undetected. Even more invisible has been the role of Taiwan-based companies in China's "manufacturing miracle." This in-depth and authoritative study elevates Taiwan to its rightful position and, in doing so, reveals much about how the global economy actually works. Required reading!"—Timothy J. Sturgeon, Massachusetts Institute of Technology"Making Money strikes a rare balance between big ideas and rich case studies, brimming with detail. Hamilton and Kao skillfully argue for a new understanding of the East Asian miracle against the backdrop of the move toward a network-based, demand-responsive global economy. Taiwan sits at the epicenter of this shift. As this book shows, its contract manufacturing prowess provided the micro foundations for China's rise—and Taiwanese production networks are among the factors that will shape the Asian future."—Gary Gereffi, Duke University"For all those watching China's growth, this book deserves careful reading. We've seen it before—in Japan, South Korea, and in Taiwan, the country that Hamilton and Kao analyze. How is it that such a small country has played an outsized role in globalization over the past half-century? What role does Taiwan play in China's growth? The authors provide answers that will interest economists, political scientists, and sociologists alike."—Robert C. Feenstra, University of California, Davis"This book is essential reading for anyone interested in the tremendous changes in post–World War II capitalism, the way that American consumers and Asian producers have become inextricably linked. The authors make a compelling case that this transformation leads back to rationalization—on a global scale—in the name of the firm and its profits."—Yun-han Chu, Academia Sinica and President, Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation"One crucial element of Taiwan's economic success, which began in the 1960s—and equally of its economic slowdown, which started in the 1990s—was the agility of its small and medium-sized "contract manufacturers," firms that produce consumer products for U.S. brands such as Apple and Timberland but have no brand names of their own. By studying the Taiwanese entrepreneurs who built these firms, Hamilton and Kao shed light on the relationship between globalization and the Asian economic miracle."—Andrew J. Nathan, Foreign Affairs"Making Money: How Taiwanese Industrialists Embraced the Global Economy is the one truly crucial must-read book for anyone who wants to understand globalization, contemporary capitalism, or how the East Asian economy works today....Hamilton and Kao have put a lifetime of experience into this book, and it shows."—Salvatore Babones, Asian Review of Books"[Hamilton and Kao] have written a highly accessible and readable narrative that covers a half-century of economic history central to understanding Taiwan, businesses and entrepreneurs, and global capitalism. The breadth and depth of their study, covering almost all sectors of Taiwan's consumer exports over a course of 30 years, is nearly unprecedented. In sum, this study constitutes an incredibly in-depth, significant, and consequential contribution to scholarship on the Taiwanese economy, and should be necessary reading for readers seeking to understand modern Taiwan."—James Lin, International Journal of Taiwan StudiesTable of ContentsIntroduction: Making Money 1. The Sprouts of Capitalism: Bamboo in Springtime 2. America's Retail Revolution: The Hidden Dragon 3. Demand-Led Industrialization: Big Buyers in Taiwan 4. An Economic Way of Life: The Round Table 5. Big Business, Small Firms: Meat and Soup 6. The Search for a New Asian Economy: The Tipping Point 7. High Technology Industries in Taiwan: Turning on a Dime 8. Consolidation in China: A New Age of Mass Production 9. Consolidation in China: Computers and Smartphones 10. Greater Taiwan, Circa 2016: The End of an Era? Epilogue: The Future of Demand-Led Capitalism

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Book SynopsisThis book examines how a society that is trapped in stagnation might initiate and sustain economic and political development. In this context, progress requires the reform of existing arrangements, along with the complementary evolution of informal institutions. It involves enhancing state capacity, balancing broad avenues for political input, and limiting concentrated private and public power. This juggling act can only be accomplished by resolving collective-action problems (CAPs), which arise when individuals pursue interests that generate undesirable outcomes for society at large. Merging and extending key perspectives on CAPs, inequality, and development, this book constructs a flexible framework to investigate these complex issues. By probing four basic hypotheses related to knowledge production, distribution, power, and innovation, William D. Ferguson offers an analytical foundation for comparing and evaluating approaches to development policy. Navigating the theoretical terrain that lies between simplistic hierarchies of causality and idiosyncratic case studies, this book promises an analytical lens for examining the interactions between inequality and development. Scholars and researchers across economic development and political economy will find it to be a highly useful guide. Trade Review"Development failure is, at its root, a failure of collective action. This excellent book applies the tools of game theory to shed systematic light on circumstances that promote or hinder social coordination. One of its great strengths is the development of a broad typology of institutional settlements, permitting contextual analysis."—Dani Rodrik, Harvard University"Collective action is an age-old human concern. In today's world, which is an amalgam of globalization and fractiousness never seen before, it has acquired a new urgency. There is an awareness that not just development but human survival depends on society's capacity to solve its collective action problems. William Ferguson's superb new book draws on game theory, economics, and political science to present a state-of-the-art commentary on this important subject. This is a book that will be widely read by students, I am sure, and by policy makers, I hope."—Kaushik Basu, Cornell University"Economic prosperity is always and everywhere a product of human cooperation. This accessible and fascinating book provides a treasure trove of insights into how cooperation succeeds or fails to bootstrap its way to the stable, effective institutions that are required for growth and development."—Eric Beinhocker, Executive Director, Institute for New Economic Thinking, University of Oxford"Why do some countries see increases in standards of living and human development while others stagnate? Drawing from game theory, history, psychology and political economy, William Ferguson theorises that the roots of economic and social progress lies in how societies resolve collective action problems. The theoretical arguments are backed by carefully constructed country case-studies. In this important book, Ferguson provides an original and compelling answer to perhaps the important question in development economics."—Kunal Sen, Director, UNU-WIDER and Professor of Development Economics, University of Manchester"Cutting-edge scholarship on the political economy of development has accepted the need to go beyond the mantra of 'institutions matter' and to take power and politics much more seriously. Bill Ferguson's new book offers the most coherent and rigorous statement of how this can be done and sets a new standard for the field. It is a tour de force."—Samuel Hickey, Professor of Politics and Development, The University of Manchester"For anyone even half persuaded of the importance of collective-action problems in development, this book is an Aladdin's cave of lucid analysis and useful insight....[This] is the nearest thing we are likely to get to a synthesis of the state-of-the art in the political economy of development."—David Booth, Journal of Development Studies"[An] encyclopedic synthesis of cutting edge literature at the intersection of development economics, new institutional economics and political science. It is a synthesis which transcends the synthesis genre. It is systematic, careful in its definitions, rigorously argued....I expect that, for years to come, his book will have a prominent place on my bookshelf, both as guide and as a source of inspiration."—Brian Levy, Working with the Grain BlogTable of ContentsIntroduction: Toward a Framework for Development Theory 1. Collective-Action Problems and Institutional Systems 2. Economic Development, Political Development, and Inequality 3. Public Goods, Externalities, and Collective-Action Problems of Governance 4. Economic Foundations of Unequal Development: Knowledge, Skills, Social Imitation, and Production Externalities 5. Power, Social Conflict, Institutional Formation, and Credible Commitment 6. Policy Innovations Can Relax Political Constraints 7. Alternative Typologies of Social Orders and Political Settlements 8. How Context Influences Development: A New Typology of Political Settlements 9. Business-State Interactions Conclusion: A Conceptual Framework for Development Theory

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Book SynopsisMicrofinance is the business of giving small, collateral-free loans to poor borrowers that are paid back in frequent intervals with interest. While these for-profit microfinance institutions (MFIs) promise social and economic empowerment, they have mainly succeeded at enfolding the poor—especially women—into the vast circuits of global finance. Financializing Poverty ethnographically examines how the emergence of MFIs has allowed financial institutions in the city of Kolkata, India, to capitalize on the poverty of its residents. This book reveals how MFIs have restructured debt relationships in new ways. On the one hand, they have opened access to new streams of credit. However, as the network of finance increasingly incorporates the poor, the "inclusive" dimensions of microfinance are continuously met with rigid forms of credit risk management that reproduce the very inequality the loans are meant to alleviate. Moreover, despite being collateral-free loans, the use of life insurance to manage the high mortality rates of poor borrowers has led to the collateralization of life itself. Thus the newfound ability of the poor to use MFI loans has entrapped them in a system dependent not only on their circulation of capital, but on the poverty that threatens their lives.Trade Review"Among the many critics of the World Bank's mantra that financial inclusion will solve the problems of the poor, few voices are as impactful as Sohini Kar's. With gripping stories, ethnographically-informed nuance, and the theoretically sophisticated way in which it 'joins the dots,' her book doesn't typify microfinance as simply good or bad. Rather, it shows how debt enfolds people into globalized financial networks, transforming them into little more than balance sheet figures to be reckoned by calculators of financial risk."—Deborah James, The London School of Economics and Political Science"In this fresh investigation that should prove fascinating for specialists and generalists alike, Sohini Kar has beautifully rendered much hard-won and intensely illuminating ethnographic data into compelling and jargon-free prose. She convincingly pushes us to see an 'emergent ethic of capitalism,' embodied in a variety of creditor techniques for enfolding—and seeking profit from—a vast 'informal' economy humming along in India."—Gustav Peebles, The New School"Kar's book, an ethnographic study of borrowers, debt collectors, and loan managers in Kolkata, one of India's most populated cities, provides grounds for skepticism. Loans are meant to create sustainable businesses, but the precariousness of the borrowers' existence inevitably leads to funds being diverted to alternative, less-productive activities. When repayment becomes tenuous, problems arise among borrower groups and between borrowers and debt collectors....Highly recommended."—S. Paul, CHOICE"[Financializing Poverty] is a critical study of microfinance, but it is not an assessment of whether microfinance works for large populations.It is, rather, a study about whom it works for, and how.It is a study about society rather than the optimal design of an economic institution. And as such, it is an original and significant contribution to the literature."––Tirthankar Roy, H-Asia"In this incisive book, Sohini Kar seeks to link processes and events in the world of global and national finance to credit regimes that shape the lives of urban poor on the periphery....her ethnographic insights combine extremely well with literature on the political economy and anthropology of finance."—M. Vijayabaskar, Pacific AffairsTable of ContentsIntroduction: Enfolding the Poor 1. Entrepreneurship and Work at the "Bottom of the Pyramid" 2. From Social Banking to Financial Inclusion 3. The Reluctant Moneylender 4. The Domestication of Microfinance 5. Financial Risk and the Moral Economy of Credit 6. Insured Death, Precarious Life Epilogue:

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Book SynopsisMicrofinance is the business of giving small, collateral-free loans to poor borrowers that are paid back in frequent intervals with interest. While these for-profit microfinance institutions (MFIs) promise social and economic empowerment, they have mainly succeeded at enfolding the poor—especially women—into the vast circuits of global finance. Financializing Poverty ethnographically examines how the emergence of MFIs has allowed financial institutions in the city of Kolkata, India, to capitalize on the poverty of its residents. This book reveals how MFIs have restructured debt relationships in new ways. On the one hand, they have opened access to new streams of credit. However, as the network of finance increasingly incorporates the poor, the "inclusive" dimensions of microfinance are continuously met with rigid forms of credit risk management that reproduce the very inequality the loans are meant to alleviate. Moreover, despite being collateral-free loans, the use of life insurance to manage the high mortality rates of poor borrowers has led to the collateralization of life itself. Thus the newfound ability of the poor to use MFI loans has entrapped them in a system dependent not only on their circulation of capital, but on the poverty that threatens their lives.Trade Review"Among the many critics of the World Bank's mantra that financial inclusion will solve the problems of the poor, few voices are as impactful as Sohini Kar's. With gripping stories, ethnographically-informed nuance, and the theoretically sophisticated way in which it 'joins the dots,' her book doesn't typify microfinance as simply good or bad. Rather, it shows how debt enfolds people into globalized financial networks, transforming them into little more than balance sheet figures to be reckoned by calculators of financial risk."—Deborah James, The London School of Economics and Political Science"In this fresh investigation that should prove fascinating for specialists and generalists alike, Sohini Kar has beautifully rendered much hard-won and intensely illuminating ethnographic data into compelling and jargon-free prose. She convincingly pushes us to see an 'emergent ethic of capitalism,' embodied in a variety of creditor techniques for enfolding—and seeking profit from—a vast 'informal' economy humming along in India."—Gustav Peebles, The New School"Kar's book, an ethnographic study of borrowers, debt collectors, and loan managers in Kolkata, one of India's most populated cities, provides grounds for skepticism. Loans are meant to create sustainable businesses, but the precariousness of the borrowers' existence inevitably leads to funds being diverted to alternative, less-productive activities. When repayment becomes tenuous, problems arise among borrower groups and between borrowers and debt collectors....Highly recommended."—S. Paul, CHOICE"[Financializing Poverty] is a critical study of microfinance, but it is not an assessment of whether microfinance works for large populations.It is, rather, a study about whom it works for, and how.It is a study about society rather than the optimal design of an economic institution. And as such, it is an original and significant contribution to the literature."––Tirthankar Roy, H-Asia"In this incisive book, Sohini Kar seeks to link processes and events in the world of global and national finance to credit regimes that shape the lives of urban poor on the periphery....her ethnographic insights combine extremely well with literature on the political economy and anthropology of finance."—M. Vijayabaskar, Pacific AffairsTable of ContentsIntroduction: Enfolding the Poor 1. Entrepreneurship and Work at the "Bottom of the Pyramid" 2. From Social Banking to Financial Inclusion 3. The Reluctant Moneylender 4. The Domestication of Microfinance 5. Financial Risk and the Moral Economy of Credit 6. Insured Death, Precarious Life Epilogue:

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Book SynopsisHotter and dryer than most parts of the world, the Middle East could soon see climate change exacerbate food and water shortages, aggravate social inequalities, and drive displacement and political destabilization. And as renewable energy eclipses fossil fuels, oil rich countries in the Middle East will see their wealth diminish. Amidst these imminent risks is a call to action for regional leaders. Could countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates harness the region's immense potential for solar energy and emerge as vanguards of global climate action? The Power of Deserts surveys regional climate models and identifies the potential impact on socioeconomic disparities, population movement, and political instability. Offering more than warning and fear, however, the book highlights a potentially brighter future—a recent shift across the Middle East toward renewable energy. With his deep knowledge of the region and knack for presenting scientific data with clarity, Dan Rabinowitz makes a sober yet surprisingly optimistic investigation of opportunity arising from a looming crisis.Trade Review"The Power of Deserts offers an important argument detailing how the Middle East could be devastated by the impact of climate change—or could generate huge amounts of renewable energy. Dan Rabinowitz skillfully communicates the difficulty these nations will face in adapting to climate change. A provocative work." -- Steven Cohen * the Earth Institute, Columbia University, and author of The Sustainable City *"Only Dan Rabinowitz, who wrote Israel's first book about climate change, has the knowledge, imagination, and optimistic spirit to look at the Middle East and offer this compelling, hopeful vision for the future." -- Alon Tal * Tel Aviv University *"In this timely, compelling book, Dan Rabinowitz deftly explores how climate change amplifies problems of inequality, injustice, and displacement in the Middle East. Rabinowitz's deep knowledge of the region, ability to clearly present complex material, and novel contention that the oil-rich Gulf states may lead the global transition to renewable energy make The Power of Deserts a must-read for anyone interested in these issues." -- Jeannie Sowers * University of New Hampshire, author of Environmental Politics in Egypt: Experts, Activists, and the State *"With his deep knowledge of the region, Dan Rabinowitz makes a sober yet surprisingly optimistic investigation of opportunity arising from a looming crisis." -- Michael Svoboda * Yale Climate Connections *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: The Heat Is On chapter abstractFolk tales, myths, and physical remains in various Middle Eastern cultures indicate the region saw dramatic climate fluctuations in the past. Climate models suggest that current global warming could have far-reaching consequences for the region. Multiplying socioeconomic inequalities, demographic instability, ethnic tensions, and insecurity, climate change is impacting scientific fields, from the Earth sciences and the natural sciences, to history, sociology, and political science. New vocabularies and methodologies are being developed to help theorize and analyze the profound changes that will characterize the imminent post-normal climate era. A determined, sophisticated global environmental movement has long been trying to convince world leaders to save the planet by instigating major cuts in CO2 emissions for decades, to no avail. Could salvation come from oil-rich countries in the Middle East? 1Parched Future chapter abstractAdvances in climate modeling since 2010 enable scaling down global predictions to region- and country-specific forecasts. Using these new methods, researchers predict that temperature hikes in the Middle East will be sharper than projections for other regions and the world at large. Rainfall quantities in key areas in the northern and western section of the region will go down below 200 millimeters per annum, the level necessary for rain-fed agriculture. This will have serious consequences for agriculture in Turkey, Syria, northern Iraq, and the Maghreb, and dire implications for water cycles and animal husbandry across the region. Dwindling water volumes in the Nile, Tigris, and Euphrates will seriously endanger regional food production. Egypt and the Gulf countries are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. 2Burning Inequality chapter abstractClimate change involves three types of inequality. First, wealthier communities consume more, are responsible for higher greenhouse gas emissions, and thus carry a heavier responsibility for the advent of climate change. Second, affluent communities are more resilient to climate perils than poor ones. Third, those unwilling to join the struggle against climate change put others in harm's way. These inequalities, while omnipresent, are particularly prevalent in the Middle East, where socioeconomic gaps between and within countries are the widest in the world. The chapter illustrates that oil-rich Middle Eastern countries are among the highest per capita CO2 emitters in the world, while poorer countries hardly contribute to climate change. The chapter reviews regional gaps in resilience and exposure and demonstrates how oil-exporting countries in the region have played an active role in efforts since the 1990s to subvert global climate agreements. 3Climate of Insecurity chapter abstractExerting pressure on water, agriculture, and food supply, climate change is having devastating consequences for arid regions. The chapter distinguishes between security (small s), a condition with concrete personal and familial resonance, and Security (capita S), a more nebulous, less rational term focused on more abstract collectives such as the state or "the realm." The recent climate-related crises in Syria and South Sudan are reviewed. Given that similar drought spells could become the Middle East's new normal, the chapter seeks to isolate the role of climate in such calamities. Analyzing climate-related migration already underway in the region, it traces the emergence of "climate refugees" as a discursive term and critically examines the perils of climate change becoming securitized. Finally, it highlights the need for proactive, forward-looking planning on behalf of vulnerable rural communities that might be forced to relocate as a result of climate change. 4Solar Prospects chapter abstractIdeas for renewable energy hubs in the Middle East have been floated since the 1920s. With costs of solar energy slashed by 90 percent in a single decade, global investment in renewables is rising quickly. Solar plants are now being constructed across the Middle East, even in oil-exporting countries. With abundant solar irradiation, huge tracts of unproductive land, high liquidity, and a good track record of incorporating new technologies into civil infrastructure, the six oil-rich kingdoms by the Arabian Gulf have an immense potential for solar energy. Consistently pledging to transition their own domestic energy sectors to renewables, they are now beginning to actually do so. Should they indeed follow through with this, could they decide to extract less oil and natural gas? More importantly, are they likely to decide that leading a global energy transition to renewables is in their own best interest? 5Will 200 Men Save the Planet? chapter abstractDisconcerting climate predictions, the imminent demise of oil, and their huge potential for solar energy could convince the oil-rich countries of the Gulf to accelerate the global transition to renewables. To avoid economic ruin they could (a) immediately convert their own energy sectors to renewables; (b) invest heavily in renewable technologies and capacity worldwide; then (c) drastically reduce oil and natural gas production. An already struggling oil industry will be forced to surrender, crowning renewables the primary source of global energy. Like carriage makers who became automobile tycoons, the GCC six will have converted their position in the oil market ante to control of the energy universe of tomorrow. The economic lockdown triggered by the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, which brought the oil industry to its knees, may leave the GCC with no other option if they wish to withstand the passage to a post-oil era.

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Book SynopsisIn a political climate that is skeptical of hard-to-measure outcomes, public funding for research universities is under threat. But if we scale back support for these institutions, we also cut off a key source of value creation in our economy and society. Research Universities and the Public Good offers a unique view of how universities work, what their purpose is, and why they are important. Countering recent arguments that we should "unbundle" or "disrupt" higher education, Jason Owen-Smith argues that research universities are valuable gems that deserve support. While they are complex and costly, their enduring value is threefold: they simultaneously act as sources of new knowledge, anchors for regional and national communities, and hubs that connect disparate parts of society. These distinctive features allow them, more than any other institution, to innovate in response to new problems and opportunities. Presenting numerous case studies that show how research universities play these three roles and why they matter, this book offers a fresh and stirring defense of the research university.Trade Review"A well-argued, data-rich defense of the irreplaceable role of American research universities—not only in science, engineering, and education, but in our national life. Now, more than ever, we need this book's deep appreciation of research universities' power to be sources, anchors, and hubs for 'beautiful accidents' in learning and innovation." -- Kei Koizumi * American Association for the Advancement of Science *"In this book, Jason Owen-Smith integrates innovative with previously disarticulated data to measure the outputs of our nation's research universities, institutions that prepare us for an increasingly complex future. In so doing, he compellingly reveals the mechanisms and pathways that produce positive societal results." -- Mary Sue Coleman * President of the Association of American Universities *"Less than 3% of all universities conduct 90% of funded research. This important book offers a careful, empirical account of how these research universities work – and their crucial contributions as anchors for communities, regions, and industries, and hubs for flows of knowledge and social connections. This is important reading not just to understand higher education, but to understand America's future." -- Craig Calhoun, University Professor of Social Sciences * Arizona State University *"Research Universities and the Public Good provides a strong argument for the importance of research universities...Presenting numerous case studies that show...why [research universities] matter, this book offers a fresh and readable defense of the American research university."––Maryann P. Feldman, Academe"The current discourse on universities, which narrowly conceives of them as mechanism for delivering degrees to students, desperately needs the message that Owen-Smith delivers here....[A] powerfully framed contribution to the literature on U.S. higher education" -- David F. Labaree * American Journal of Sociology *"This book is a timely reinforcement of the importance of research universities based on the public value they generate....[It] should interest researchers and policy makers concerned with innovation, growth, and how we can best address global challenges of the future." -- Anna Valero * Journal of Economic Literature *"In this beautifully crafted book, Owen-Smith explores the critical and central role that research universities play in the modern economy....This book should be of great interest to both policy makers and academic researchers interested in understanding the research university's role in modern innovation ecosystems and in our economy and society more broadly." -- Wesley D. Sine and Xirong (Subrina) Shen * Administrative Science Quarterly *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: Knowledge, Infrastructure, and the Need for Change chapter abstractState divestment in public campuses and stagnant federal funding put research universities in a position where maintaining their complex mission requires them to rely more and more heavily on institutional funding to support research and public service. This unsustainable funding model is being cemented at a time when skepticism about academic research and higher education is high, when austerity rhetoric makes substantial public investment difficult, and when justifications for universities emphasize individual returns to education and the impact of single grants or research fields. These trends put research universities at risk by wedding their work more tightly to the market and its rationales. Understanding why this is dangerous and how to protect these important institutions requires a new, system level, network approach to universities and their research. 1A System to Insure the Future chapter abstractThis chapter introduces three metaphors (sources, anchors and hubs) that organize the book. It demonstrates that current tools for analyzing, explaining and improving the work of research institutions are insufficient to the task. In order to ensure that publicly supported research universities remain the cornerstone of the national and global innovation system, it is necessary to develop a new model for understanding and explaining their work. That model focuses on collaboration networks, regional and community effects, and the inter-organizational connections that make universities into clearinghouses for problems and solutions from across society. An extended case study of Google's PageRank algorithm shows the surprising ways that federal research funding supported Google's development. It highlights the importance of focusing on research careers, multiple discoveries, and networks at many levels of analysis to understand how research universities and public support result in significant innovation and economic returns. 2The Organization of Research Universities chapter abstractToday's universities were not designed to serve the roles that make them so important. They evolved through a complicated process kicked off by key federal policy debates in the early Cold War years. Those conflicts and their outcomes help to explain the organization of today's universities, their complicated missions and the ways their work is or is not associated with collective benefits. The chapter addresses their complicated financial models and organization, focusing on decentralization, on campus public goods, and tradeoffs across revenue streams. A proposed revision to that the University of Wisconsin system's shows how the institutional and organizational complications that make universities difficult to explain and evaluate contribute to their fertility. The key to understanding how universities consistently serve important purposes for society has to do with their conservative character (they are slow to change) and their innovative work (they are a preeminent source of novelty). 3Sources of Discovery: Networks on Campus chapter abstractChapter 3 starts with the process of innovation. The discovery of new things (or new ways of doing old things) often results when existing pieces of knowledge or technology are combined in new ways. The smart phone touch screen pioneered by Apple provides a key example. Universities are continual sources of new discoveries because of the collaboration networks that grow on and across campuses. Those networks are diverse, balanced, and complex. Understanding how they work in order to have a chance to change and sustain them requires attention to the process by which they grow and reproduce themselves. A high-profile book in gender theory helps to illustrate the point. The chapter concludes with a detailed discussion of original qualitative research that uses human embryonic stem cell science to illustrate the ways that federal research funding plays a key role in the process of collaboration and the networks that result. 4Community Anchors: Building Resilience and Connection chapter abstractPublic support and the particular features of universities make them important anchors for communities, economies, industries, and regions. The anchor metaphor has three components. Universities add resilience to the things they anchor because they are stable, conservative, and geographically fixed. They help set the tone of their regions by acting as anchor tenants. The positive externalities created as they pursue their work make it easier for other types of organizations and communities to locate near them and succeed. Finally, they function as network actors whose commitment to openness and the public good allows them to pursue their own interests without exerting control over their products. That work means they can serve as a convener and meeting ground for many different constituencies. In that role, they strengthen connections among partners providing a scaffold for generative networks to grow. A case study of Napa Valley wine illustrates the point. 5Hubs Linking Communities: Generating Solutions for Known and Unknown Problems chapter abstractUniversities are hubs connecting far flung parts of society and they economy. In doing so they create shortcuts between different sectors, industries and communities. Being a hub makes universities good sources because it insures that problems and opportunities flow to them from many different parts of the world. It also makes them a target because their work touches on and influences some of the most important parts of society. Universities are hubs in two senses. They are network hubs because flows of people and knowledge to and from campus connect them to partners in all precincts of society. They are institutional hubs because their multiple missions and wide range of fields mean that most domains of contemporary life depend on their products. Case studies of the breast cancer gene (BRCA1) and the MIT Media Lab integrate and illuminate the various aspects of this important metaphor. 6Facing the Future Together chapter abstractChapter 6 describes how the system of research universities keeps our nation and the world poised to benefit from "unknown-unknown" opportunities and to respond to unforeseeable threats. It also calls for rigorous but local experimentation to improve research universities' ability to do this work. Such experiments should be guided by shared principles and informed by a research infrastructure that turns the academy's best science on itself. Academic responses to the recent outbreak of Zika Virus and the development of a new and powerful genetic technology (CRISPR) anchor the first portion of the chapter. Policy recommendations for expanded federal funding and a revitalized federal-state partnership enhanced by private sector engagement are offered.

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Book SynopsisOver the last decade, Peru has experienced a spectacular mining boom and astronomical economic growth. Yet, for villagers in Peru's southern Andes, few have felt the material benefits. With this book, Eric Hirsch considers what growth means—and importantly how it feels. Hirsch proposes an analysis of boom-time capitalism that starts not from considerations of poverty, but from the premise that Peru is wealthy. He situates his work in a network of villages near new mining sites, agricultural export markets, and tourist attractions, where Peruvian prosperity appears tantalizingly close, yet just out of reach. This book centers on small-scale development investments working to transform villagers into Indigenous entrepreneurs ready to capitalize on Peru's new national brand and access the constantly deferred promise of national growth. That meant identifying as Indigenous, where few actively did so; identifying as an entrepreneur, in a place where single-minded devotion to a business went against the tendency to diversify income sources; and identifying every dimension of one's daily life as a resource, despite the unwelcome intimacy this required. Theorizing growth as an affective project that requires constant physical and emotional labor, Acts of Growth follows a diverse group of Andean residents through the exhausting work of making an economy grow.Trade Review"With Acts of Growth, Eric Hirsch beautifully navigates the shifting terrain of southern Peru as he critically examines neoliberal capitalism's prescriptions for local performances of plenitude and growth amid dispossession. His brilliant ethnography of development initiatives offers rich new insights into the region and broader contexts of change."—Florence E. Babb, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"Acts of Growth is a compelling account of how 'extractive care' insinuates itself into everyday structures of feeling in Andean Peru. Reframing conversations about extraction, Indigenous entrepreneurship, and Indigenous theorizations of non-human relations, Eric Hirsch sees one of the oldest stories in the Americas with fresh eyes. Powerful and insightful."—María Elena García, University of Washington

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Book SynopsisThe Dominican Republic has posted impressive economic growth rates over the past thirty years. Despite this, the generation of new, good jobs has been remarkably weak. How have ordinary and poor Dominicans worked and lived in the shadow of the country's conspicuous growth rates? This book considers this question through an ethnographic exploration of the popular economy in the Dominican capital. Focusing on the city's precarious small businesses, including furniture manufacturers, food stalls, street-corner stores, and savings and credit cooperatives, Krohn-Hansen shows how people make a living, tackle market shifts, and the factors that characterize their relationship to the state and pervasive corruption. Empirically grounded, this book examines the condition of the urban masses in Santo Domingo, offering an original and captivating contribution to the scholarship on popular economic practices, urban changes, and today's Latin America and the Caribbean. This will be essential reading for scholars and policy makers.Trade Review"This book offers a fine-grained ethnography of everyday life and labor, and relations of debt and trust, among informal sector workers in the Dominican Republic, and powerfully illuminates how precarious entrepreneurs have struggled to get by in the context of declining wages notwithstanding the high official national growth rates of the past decades. It offers deeply compassionate portrayals of small business people such as food sellers, furniture makers and corner grocers, their negotiations with creditors and state actors, and how they have valiantly resisted state violence and corruption. The book makes a signal contribution to our understanding of the state of the Dominican urban poor today."—Robin Derby, Professor, Department of History, University of California, Los Angeles"Krohn-Hansen's innovative study of the diverse forms of work that Dominicans pursue in a country in which GDP growth has been accompanied by falling employment offers an inspiring model for the anthropological study of jobless growth that has challenged both neoliberal narratives of economic development and Marxist narratives of proletarianization. Through a fine-grained ethnographic analysis of people's mundane participation in various niches of the Dominican economy, including small furniture workshops, food stalls, petty trade, retail and cooperatives, this book traces the generative relations of family, household, gender and state through which a capitalist economy is produced at the intersection of heterogeneous rhythms of time and labor."—Sylvia Yanagisako, Edward Clark Crossett Professor of Humanistic Studies, Stanford University"Krohn-Hansen provides one of the best treatments available of the contemporary Dominican economy, which for decades has been characterized by a type of rapid growth producing relatively few wage-earning jobs and no wage increases. Through powerful interviews and life histories, Jobless Growth in the Dominican Republic shows how the population has turned to more independent means of livelihood with some success – as, for example, shopkeepers, street vendors, food-stall operators, and furniture makers. This important ethnographic work highlights how family, community, and cultural norms have shaped and sustained the country's independent merchant class."—Richard Lee Turits, author of Freedom Roots: Histories from the Caribbean (with Laurent Dubois)"Jobless Growth in the Dominican Republic is an outstanding contribution to the anthropological understanding of capitalism. Based on an ethnography of Dominican Republic urban dwellers, Krohn-Hansen persuasively exposes the plural forms of labor that reproduce capitalist worlds and precarious livelihoods through connections and dislocations in space and time. A powerful account of people's concrete experiences of "growth" that sheds light beyond the Global South."—Susana Narotzky, Universitat de BarcelonaTable of Contents0. Introduction Chapter 1: State against Industry: Time and Labor among Dominican Furniture Makers Chapter 2: Of Violence and Precarity: Gender, Food, Debt Chapter 3: The End of the Colmado? Chapter 4: For Cooperatives: Mutual Aid, Social Enterprises, and Empowerment Chapter 5: Jobless Growth, "No Labor" Futures, and the Investigation of Popular Economies

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Book SynopsisOver the last decade, Peru has experienced a spectacular mining boom and astronomical economic growth. Yet, for villagers in Peru's southern Andes, few have felt the material benefits. With this book, Eric Hirsch considers what growth means—and importantly how it feels. Hirsch proposes an analysis of boom-time capitalism that starts not from considerations of poverty, but from the premise that Peru is wealthy. He situates his work in a network of villages near new mining sites, agricultural export markets, and tourist attractions, where Peruvian prosperity appears tantalizingly close, yet just out of reach. This book centers on small-scale development investments working to transform villagers into Indigenous entrepreneurs ready to capitalize on Peru's new national brand and access the constantly deferred promise of national growth. That meant identifying as Indigenous, where few actively did so; identifying as an entrepreneur, in a place where single-minded devotion to a business went against the tendency to diversify income sources; and identifying every dimension of one's daily life as a resource, despite the unwelcome intimacy this required. Theorizing growth as an affective project that requires constant physical and emotional labor, Acts of Growth follows a diverse group of Andean residents through the exhausting work of making an economy grow.Trade Review"With Acts of Growth, Eric Hirsch beautifully navigates the shifting terrain of southern Peru as he critically examines neoliberal capitalism's prescriptions for local performances of plenitude and growth amid dispossession. His brilliant ethnography of development initiatives offers rich new insights into the region and broader contexts of change."—Florence E. Babb, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"Acts of Growth is a compelling account of how 'extractive care' insinuates itself into everyday structures of feeling in Andean Peru. Reframing conversations about extraction, Indigenous entrepreneurship, and Indigenous theorizations of non-human relations, Eric Hirsch sees one of the oldest stories in the Americas with fresh eyes. Powerful and insightful."—María Elena García, University of Washington

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Book SynopsisThis book captures an epochal juncture of two of the world's most transformative processes: the People's Republic of China's rapidly expanding sphere of influence across the global south and the disintegration of the Amazonian, Cerrado, and Andean biomes. The intersection of these two processes took another step in April 2020, when Chinese President Xi Jinping launched a "New Health Silk Road" agenda of aid and investment that would wind through South America, extending the Eurasian-African "Belt and Road Initiative" to a series of mine, port, energy, infrastructure, and agrobusiness megaprojects in the Latin American tropics. Through thirty short essays, this volume brings together an impressive array of contributors, from economists, anthropologists, and political scientists to Black, feminist, and Indigenous community organizers, Chinese stakeholders, environmental activists, and local journalists to offer a pathbreaking analysis of China's presence in South America. As cracks in the progressive legacy of the Pink Tide and the failures of ecocidal right-wing populisms shape new political economies and geopolitical possibilities, this book provides a grassroots-based account of a post-US centered world order, and an accompanying map of the stakes for South America that highlights emerging voices and forms of resistance.Trade Review"A result of deep and probing research, The Tropical Silk Road offers new critical writings, field observations, and ideas that situate the fate of Amazonian societies in the wake of China's bid for global prominence. The diverse array of experts in fine-tuned conversation with one another makes this a truly remarkable and exciting collection."—Long Bui, University of California, Irvine"The Tropical Silk Road is both an impressively ambitious and readable volume. An international cavalcade of authors examines contemporary China's outreach into Latin America, offering an engaging balance of thoughtful, interdisciplinary perspectives with considerable heft."—Carlos Rojas, Duke University"[Tropical Silk Road] is as ambitious as it is eclectic, and its contributors bring a range of valuable insights to bear on some of the most important political and economic developments facing the region."—Matthew Abel, NACLA Report on the AmericasTable of Contents0.0 Acknowledgments —Paul Amar, Lisa Rofel, María Amelia Viteri, Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, and Fernando Brancoli 0.1 Introduction: China Stepping Out, the Amazon Biome, and South American Populism —Paul Amar, Lisa Rofel, María Amelia Viteri, Consuelo Fernández-Salvador, and Fernando Brancoli 1.1: China's State and Social Media Narratives about Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic —Li Zhang 1.2: Cracks in the Coca Codo Sinclair Hydroelectric Project: Infrastructures and Disaster from a Masculine Vision of Development —Pedro Gutiérrez Guevara, Sofía Carpio, and Mayra Flores 1.3: Brazil and China's "Inevitable Marriage"? Post-Bolsonaro Futures and Beijing's Shift from North America to South America —Zhou Zhiwei 1.4: The China-Ecuador Relationship: From Correa's Neodevelopmentalist "Reformism" to Moreno's "Postreformism" during China's Credit Crunch (2006–2021) —Milton Reyes Herrera 1.5: China Studies in Brazil: Leste Vermelho and Innovations in South-South Academic Partnership —Andrea Piazzaroli Longobardi 1.6: Chinese Financing and Direct Foreign Investment in Ecuador: An Interests and Benefits Perspective on Relations between States through the Lens of the Win-Win Principle —David Mosquera Narváez 2.1: An Indigenous Theory of Risk: The Cosmopolitan Munduruku Analyze Chinese Megaprojects at Tapajós–Teles Pires —Luísa Pontes Molina and Alessandra Korap Silva Munduruku 2.2: Challenges for the Shuar in the Face of Globalization and Extractivism: Reflections from the Shuar Federation of Zamora Chinchipe —Jefferson Pullaguari 2.3: "Yes, We Do Know Why We Protest": Indigenous Challenges to Extractivism in Ecuador, Looking Beyond the National Strike of October 2019 —Julia Correa, Israel Chumapi, Paúl Ghaitai Males, Jennifer Yajaira Masaquiza, Rina Pakari Marcillo, and David Menacho 3.1: From Elusiveness to Ideological Extravaganza: Gender and Sexuality in Brazil-China Relations —Cai Yiping and Sonia Correa 3.2: The Refraction of Chinese Capital in Amazonian Entrepôts and the Infrastructure of a Global Sacrifice Zone —Gustavo Oliveira 3.3: "The Bank We Want": Chinese and Brazilian Activism around and within the BRICS New Development Bank —Laura Trajber Waisbich 3.4: Río Blanco: The Big Stumbling Block to the Advancement of China's Mining Interests in Ecuador —The Yasunidos Guapondélig Collective 3.5: Protectionism for Business, Precarization for Labor: China's Investment-Protection Treaties and Community Struggles in the Latin American and Caribbean Region —Ana Saggioro Garcia and Rodrigo Curty Pereira 4.1: A Mine, a Dam, and the Chinese-Ecuadorian Politics of Knowledge —Karolien van Teijlingen and Juan Pablo Hidalgo Bastidas 4.2: Rafael Correa's Administration of Promises and the Impact of Its Policies on the Human Rights of Indigenous Groups —Emilia Bonilla 4.3: China Oil and Foodstuffs Corporation in the Tapajós River "Logistics Corridor": A Case Study of Socioenvironmental Transformation in Brazil's Northeast —Alana Camoça and Bruno Hendler 4.4: Deforestation, Enclosures, and Militias: The Logistics "Revolution" in the Port of Cajueiro, Maranhão —Sabrina Felipe and Lucilene Raimunda Costa 5.1: Hungry and Backward Waters: Events, Actors, and Challenges Surrounding the Coca Codo Sinclair Hydroelectric Project in Times of COVID-19 —Sigrid Vásconez D. 5.2: Electrification of Forest Biomes: Xingu-Rio Lines, Chinese Presence, and the Sociotechnological Impact of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Dam —Laís Forti Thomaz, Aline Regina Alves Martins, and Diego Trindade d'Ávila Magalhães 5.3: Vanity Projects, Waterfall Implosions, and the Local Impacts of Megaproject Partnerships —Consuelo Fernández-Salvador and María Amelia Viteri 5.4: "Yes We Do Exist": Ferrogrão Railway, Indigenous Voices in the Trail of Trade Corridors, and Building the Axis of "Brazilian Pragmatist Policy" toward China —Diana Aguiar 5.5: Green Marketing Extractivism in the Amazon: Imaginaries of the Ministry versus Realities of the Land —Maria Elena Rodríguez 6.1: Steel Industry's Legacies on the Outskirts of Rio de Janeiro and White Brazilian Capital-State Alliances: A Feminist Approach —Ana Luisa Queiroz, Marina Praça, and Yasmin Bitencourt 6.2: Rio de Janeiro's Unruly Carbon Periphery: Community Entrepreneurs, Chinese Investors, and the Reappropriation of the Ruins of the COMPERJ Oil Port-and-Pipeline Megaproject —Fernando Brancoli and Wander Guerra 6.3: From Cheap Credit to Rapid Frustration: Real Estate in Rio de Janeiro —Pedro Henrique Vasques 6.4: The China-Ecuador Economic Relationship's Impact on Unemployment during the Administration of President Moreno —David F. Delgado del Hierro 7.1: Savage Factories of the Manaus Free Trade Zone: Chinese Investments in the Amazon and Social Impacts on Workers —Cleiton Ferreira Maciel Brito 7.2: National Development Priorities and Transnational Workplace Inequalities: Challenges for China's State-Sponsored Construction Projects in Ecuador —Rui Jie Peng 7.3: Rio's Phantom Dubai?: Porto do Açu, Chinese Investments, and the Geopolitical Specter of Brazilian Mineral Booms —Marcos A. Pedlowski

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Book SynopsisShadow Negotiators is the first book to demonstrate that United Nations (UN) organizations have intervened to influence the discourse, agenda, and outcomes of international trade lawmaking at the World Trade Organization (WTO). While UN organizations lack a seat at the bargaining table at the WTO, Matias E. Margulis argues that these organizations have acted as "shadow negotiators" engaged in political actions intended to alter the trajectory and results of multilateral trade negotiations. He draws on analysis of one of the most contested issues in global trade politics, agricultural trade liberalization, to demonstrate interventions by four different UN organizations—the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP), the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), and the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food (SRRTF). By identifying several novel intervention strategies used by UN actors to shape the rules of global trade, this book shows that UN organizations chose to intervene in trade lawmaking not out of competition with the WTO or ideological resistance to trade liberalization, but out of concerns that specific trade rules could have negative consequences for world food security—an outcome these organizations viewed as undermining their social purpose to reduce world hunger and protect the human right to food.Trade Review"Shadow Negotiators is the most skillful demonstration to date of how international regime complexes emerge and shape global policy-making. A must read for anyone interested in the WTO and international regime complexity."—Karen J. Alter, Norman Dwight Harris Professor of International Relations, Northwestern University"Shadow Negotiators is both truly innovative and empirically sound – a combination that is rare. A must for those who are interested in international organizations and global governance."—Michael Zürn, Dean, Hertie School; Director of the Research Unit Global Governance, Berlin Social Science Center"Shadow Negotiators brilliantly shows how UN actors in food and agriculture have intervened to defend food security goals. Drawing on extensive research, Margulis makes a powerful case that international organizations employ a range of strategies to influence outcomes in international trade negotiations."—Jennifer Clapp, Professor, School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo"Margulis traces four cases, each illustrating a different method of intervention, and contributes to understandings of the growing complexity of international governance and the tensions betweencompetingeconomic values: economic liberalization and human security. Most specifically, the work contributes to a growing scholarship on regime complexes as analytic constructs in international relations, and advances an understanding of the independent interests of international organizations capable of autonomous action. Recommended."—S. P. Duffy, CHOICETable of ContentsIntroduction 1. Intervention by International Organizations 2. The Regime Complex for Food Security 3. The FAO: Mobilizing States to Protect Food Security 4. Don't Take Food from the Starving: The WFP Publicly Shames WTO Members 5. The OHCHR: Invoking Human Rights at the WTO 6. The UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food: "Food Security Hostage to Trade" Conclusion

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Book SynopsisHiring domestic workers is a routine part of the expat development lifestyle. Whether working for the United Nations, governmental aid agencies, or NGOs such as Oxfam, Save the Children, or World Vision, expatriate aid workers in the developing world employ maids, nannies, security guards, gardeners and chauffeurs. Though nearly every expat aid worker in the developing world has local people working within the intimate sphere of their homes, these relationships are seldom, if ever, discussed in analyses of the development paradigm and its praxis. Aid and the Help addresses this major lacuna through an ethnographic analysis of the intersection of development work and domestic work. Examining the reproductive labor cheaply purchased by aid workers posted overseas opens the opportunity to assess the multiple ways that the ostensibly "giving" industry of development can be an extractive industry as well.Trade Review"A significant contribution to our understanding of the global politics of care, this book describes the moral dilemmas, social boundaries, and hierarchies that aid workers create to resolve the contradictions in their management of domestic help. This is a must read for those interested in gender, globalization, development and the work of women in the Global South."—Rhacel Parreñas, University of Southern California"This timely and important book is a welcome contribution to the scholarship on the global contours of reproductive and domestic labor. Aid and the Help frames women as both employers and employees, having to sort out the global tensions situating their interactions in the intimate, invisible zone of the home."—Carla Jones, University of Colorado, Boulder"Dinah Hannaford, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Houston, is not the first academic to provide a pointed critique of the humanitarian aid industry. She is, however, unique in focusing on the hypocrisy of those working in that industry—and it is an industry.... Hannaford is getting to the heart of the matter, namely that the aid industry is as much a jobs program for privileged college graduates as it is an industry having a transformative effect on the lives of those it is supposed to help."—Sam Sweeney, The American Conservative"Fundamentally, Aid and the Help is a discussion of colonialism and its connection to present-day development.... This work asks researchers, scholars, and critical thinkers to consider a future that engages in the project of decolonization without terms and conditions, one that divests from systems of violence and oppression that does not sacrifice the liberation of lower-class marginalized people. The book is a refreshing and interesting perspective to understanding colonialism structures; specifically, it best describes how we are still actively working through the structure and, in some ways, cannot escape it."—Nina Wilson, H-Diplo"[Aid and the Help] provides a valuable critical perspective on post-colonial global inequalities through a rich and nuanced yet grounded ethnographic account of paid domestic work in the homes of development workers. The lucid writing style combined with a lack of excessive jargon makes this book a solid choice to be used in advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses on migration, labor, development, intimacies, and economy as well as global studies."—Kritika Pandey, Medical Anthropology Quarterly"Aid and the Help insightfully explores the contradictions of international development's ideals with the realities of child care, domestic labor, and affluent expatriates living in poor countries.... Although many scholars have probed the dilemmas of development workers trying to downplay the significance of class differences in their intimate lives, Hannaford powerfully and succinctly analyzes these everyday negotiations.... Highly recommended."—J. M. Rich, CHOICE"Dinah Hannaford's timely ethnography is a reminder that care economies are increasingly important to global-local economies, but continue to be underrepresented in policy and research."—Anindita Majumdar, Journal of the Royal Anthropological InstituteTable of ContentsIntroduction: Aid Work and the Extraction of Care 1. Finding Help in the Informal Economy 2. Security and Everyday Bordering 3. Stratigraphies of Mobility 4. Inequalities of the World Personified Conclusion: Conclusion

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Book SynopsisHiring domestic workers is a routine part of the expat development lifestyle. Whether working for the United Nations, governmental aid agencies, or NGOs such as Oxfam, Save the Children, or World Vision, expatriate aid workers in the developing world employ maids, nannies, security guards, gardeners and chauffeurs. Though nearly every expat aid worker in the developing world has local people working within the intimate sphere of their homes, these relationships are seldom, if ever, discussed in analyses of the development paradigm and its praxis. Aid and the Help addresses this major lacuna through an ethnographic analysis of the intersection of development work and domestic work. Examining the reproductive labor cheaply purchased by aid workers posted overseas opens the opportunity to assess the multiple ways that the ostensibly "giving" industry of development can be an extractive industry as well.Trade Review"A significant contribution to our understanding of the global politics of care, this book describes the moral dilemmas, social boundaries, and hierarchies that aid workers create to resolve the contradictions in their management of domestic help. This is a must read for those interested in gender, globalization, development and the work of women in the Global South."—Rhacel Parreñas, University of Southern California"This timely and important book is a welcome contribution to the scholarship on the global contours of reproductive and domestic labor. Aid and the Help frames women as both employers and employees, having to sort out the global tensions situating their interactions in the intimate, invisible zone of the home."—Carla Jones, University of Colorado, Boulder"Dinah Hannaford, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Houston, is not the first academic to provide a pointed critique of the humanitarian aid industry. She is, however, unique in focusing on the hypocrisy of those working in that industry—and it is an industry.... Hannaford is getting to the heart of the matter, namely that the aid industry is as much a jobs program for privileged college graduates as it is an industry having a transformative effect on the lives of those it is supposed to help."—Sam Sweeney, The American Conservative"Fundamentally, Aid and the Help is a discussion of colonialism and its connection to present-day development.... This work asks researchers, scholars, and critical thinkers to consider a future that engages in the project of decolonization without terms and conditions, one that divests from systems of violence and oppression that does not sacrifice the liberation of lower-class marginalized people. The book is a refreshing and interesting perspective to understanding colonialism structures; specifically, it best describes how we are still actively working through the structure and, in some ways, cannot escape it."—Nina Wilson, H-Diplo"[Aid and the Help] provides a valuable critical perspective on post-colonial global inequalities through a rich and nuanced yet grounded ethnographic account of paid domestic work in the homes of development workers. The lucid writing style combined with a lack of excessive jargon makes this book a solid choice to be used in advanced undergraduate and graduate-level courses on migration, labor, development, intimacies, and economy as well as global studies."—Kritika Pandey, Medical Anthropology Quarterly"Aid and the Help insightfully explores the contradictions of international development's ideals with the realities of child care, domestic labor, and affluent expatriates living in poor countries.... Although many scholars have probed the dilemmas of development workers trying to downplay the significance of class differences in their intimate lives, Hannaford powerfully and succinctly analyzes these everyday negotiations.... Highly recommended."—J. M. Rich, CHOICE"Dinah Hannaford's timely ethnography is a reminder that care economies are increasingly important to global-local economies, but continue to be underrepresented in policy and research."—Anindita Majumdar, Journal of the Royal Anthropological InstituteTable of ContentsIntroduction: Aid Work and the Extraction of Care 1. Finding Help in the Informal Economy 2. Security and Everyday Bordering 3. Stratigraphies of Mobility 4. Inequalities of the World Personified Conclusion: Conclusion

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Book SynopsisBringing the study of international inequality back into the core of sociological theory, this book offers a user-friendly introduction to development and underdevelopment. In doing so, it places various approaches to the definition, measurement, and understanding of “development” against the backdrop of broader sociological debates. Schrank draws concrete examples from different regions and epochs to explore sociological thinking about development and underdevelopment informed by the latest currents in economic sociology. Across a series of chapters, he identifies relationships between mainstream and Marxist approaches to the study of international inequality; uses classical and contemporary social theory to develop a parsimonious typology of national development outcomes; addresses cross-border learning and diffusion in light of the latest developments in organization theory; considers the roles of religious, racial, and gender identities in the development process in different places and times; and portrays contemporary global challenges ‒ such as populism, pandemics, and climate change ‒ as distinctly sociological problems in need of multifaceted solutions. Enriched with expository figures, tables, and diagrams, this accessible book simultaneously distills and develops the sociological approach to the study of development and underdevelopment for both undergraduate and graduate students across the social sciences.Trade Review“Conventional economic and sociological explanations portray development as a struggle pitting people and countries against one another. Schrank pushes them aside to craft a fresh analysis of the structure and dynamics of the international economy and national development strategies. This accessible, erudite book stresses that development is both a sociocultural process and an economic and political one, showing students and scholars how future prospects for development can be viewed differently. An exciting contribution.”Woody Powell, Stanford University“Andrew Schrank surveys a kaleidoscope of influential concepts and theories while persuasively arguing for a distinctive economic sociology of development. This thorough, accessible book will be a valuable addition to both graduate and undergraduate courses, generating many stimulating class discussions.”Sarah Babb, Boston College

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Book SynopsisOnce marginalized in the world economy, Africa today is a major global supplier of crucial raw materials like oil, uranium and coltan. China's part in this story has loomed particularly large in recent years, and the American military footprint on the continent has also expanded. But a new scramble for resources, markets and territory is now taking place in Africa involving not just state, but non state-actors, including Islamic fundamentalist and other rebel groups. The second edition of Pádraig Carmody's popular book explores the dynamics of the new scramble for African resources, markets, and territory and the impact of current investment and competition on people, the environment, and political and economic development on the continent. Fully revised and updated throughout, its chapters explore old and new economic power interests in Africa; oil, minerals, timber, biofuels, land, food and fisheries; and the nature and impacts of Asian and South African investment in manufacturing and other sectors. The New Scramble for Africa will be essential reading for students of African studies, international relations and resource politics, as well as anyone interested in current affairs.Trade Review"This �new scramble for Africa� provides an excellent overview of the current development and exploitation of Africa�s resources showing how African development is defined by the �paradox of plenty�. This collection is a must for scholars interested in understanding processes of resource grabbing in Africa from colonial times until now, illustrating the variety of forms it has taken and unrevelaing the various root causes." Annelies Zoomers, Utrecht University "Follow the money is a key message of Carmody�s supercharged analysis of the new competitive scramble for Africa�s petroleum and minerals, for its timber, even for its food crops. Few have so well exposed the mechanisms and consequences of this avarice, and particularly of China�s all-encompassing shaping of Africa�s dynamic future. Carmody is a very reliable guide and his second edition is even more definitive than the first." Robert I. Rotberg, Harvard UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction 1 The New Scramble, Geography and Development 2 Old Economic Power Interests and Strategies in Africa 3 Chinese Interests and Strategies in Africa [with Ian Taylor] 4 Other New Economic Power Interests and Relations with Africa 5 Driving the Global Economy: West African and Sahelian Oil 6 The Scramble for Land: The Ugandan Case [with David Taylor] 7 Powering and Connecting the Global Economy through Conflict: Uranium and Coltan 8 Furnishing and Feeding the World? Timber, Biofuels, Plants, Food and Fisheries 9 The Asian Scramble for Investment and Markets: Evidence and Impacts in Zambia [with Godfrey Hampwaye] 10 Can Africans Unscramble the Continent? Conclusion: The New Scramble in Perspective

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Book SynopsisChina's future is arguably the most consequential question in global affairs. Having enjoyed unprecedented levels of growth, China is at a critical juncture in the development of its economy, society, polity, national security, and international relations. The direction the nation takes at this turning point will determine whether it stalls or continues to develop and prosper. Will China be successful in implementing a new wave of transformational reforms that could last decades and make it the world's leading superpower? Or will its leaders shy away from the drastic changes required because the regime's power is at risk? If so, will that lead to prolonged stagnation or even regime collapse? Might China move down a more liberal or even democratic path? Or will China instead emerge as a hard, authoritarian and aggressive superstate? In this new book, David Shambaugh argues that these potential pathways are all possibilities - but they depend on key decisions yet to be made by China's leaders, different pressures from within Chinese society, as well as actions taken by other nations. Assessing these scenarios and their implications, he offers a thoughtful and clear study of China's future for all those seeking to understand the country's likely trajectory over the coming decade and beyond.Trade Review"This book is full of thought-provoking, well-argued arguments that are certain to interest China watchers around the world."—South China Morning Post "David Shambaugh lays out some bold speculations about possible futures for China that will make even seasoned China hands rethink their assumptions. It is critical reading from one of our most astute observers of that country."—Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University "While it is not possible to predict China's future, it is possible to assay the contradictory forces that are propelling it forward. Bringing his years of experience and deep insight to bear, David Shambaugh has met this daunting challenge with great perception, balance and concision."—Orville Schell, Arthur Ross Director, Center on US-China Relations, Asia Society "Anyone desiring to understand the debate over China's future underway among China's top leadership can do no better than Shambaugh's concise book."—John Garver, Georgia Institute of Technology "Convincing"—Foreign Affairs "This is an extremely important book that deserves a wide readership among government officials, and those in the business community with aspirations to tap into the country's huge market."—New Zealand International Review "David Shambaugh skilfully negotiates the tightrope between speculation and quantitative evidence and, in doing so, offers a valuable insight into the social contexts at play in postulating the probable future pathways that China may pursue"—Europe-Asia StudiesTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Preface 1. Pathways to China's Future 2. China's Economy 3. China's Society 4. China's Polity 5. China's Future & the World Index

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Book SynopsisChina's future is arguably the most consequential question in global affairs. Having enjoyed unprecedented levels of growth, China is at a critical juncture in the development of its economy, society, polity, national security, and international relations. The direction the nation takes at this turning point will determine whether it stalls or continues to develop and prosper. Will China be successful in implementing a new wave of transformational reforms that could last decades and make it the world's leading superpower? Or will its leaders shy away from the drastic changes required because the regime's power is at risk? If so, will that lead to prolonged stagnation or even regime collapse? Might China move down a more liberal or even democratic path? Or will China instead emerge as a hard, authoritarian and aggressive superstate? In this new book, David Shambaugh argues that these potential pathways are all possibilities - but they depend on key decisions yet to be made by China's leaders, different pressures from within Chinese society, as well as actions taken by other nations. Assessing these scenarios and their implications, he offers a thoughtful and clear study of China's future for all those seeking to understand the country's likely trajectory over the coming decade and beyond.Trade Review"This book is full of thought-provoking, well-argued arguments that are certain to interest China watchers around the world."—South China Morning Post "David Shambaugh lays out some bold speculations about possible futures for China that will make even seasoned China hands rethink their assumptions. It is critical reading from one of our most astute observers of that country."—Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University "While it is not possible to predict China's future, it is possible to assay the contradictory forces that are propelling it forward. Bringing his years of experience and deep insight to bear, David Shambaugh has met this daunting challenge with great perception, balance and concision."—Orville Schell, Arthur Ross Director, Center on US-China Relations, Asia Society "Anyone desiring to understand the debate over China's future underway among China's top leadership can do no better than Shambaugh's concise book."—John Garver, Georgia Institute of Technology "Convincing"—Foreign Affairs "This is an extremely important book that deserves a wide readership among government officials, and those in the business community with aspirations to tap into the country's huge market."—New Zealand International Review "David Shambaugh skilfully negotiates the tightrope between speculation and quantitative evidence and, in doing so, offers a valuable insight into the social contexts at play in postulating the probable future pathways that China may pursue"—Europe-Asia StudiesTable of ContentsAcknowledgements Preface 1. Pathways to China's Future 2. China's Economy 3. China's Society 4. China's Polity 5. China's Future & the World Index

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Book SynopsisGDP is much more than a simple statistic. It has become the overarching benchmark of success and a powerful ordering principle at the heart of the global economy. But the convergence of major economic, social and environmental crises has exposed the flaws of our economic system which values GDP above all else as a measure of prosperity and growth. In this provocative and inspiring new book, political economist Lorenzo Fioramonti sets out his vision of a world after GDP. Focusing on pioneering research on alternative metrics of progress, governance innovation and institutional change, he makes a compelling case for the profound and positive transformations that could be achieved through a post-GDP system of development. From a new role for small business, households and civil society to a radical evolution of democracy and international relations, Fioramonti sets out a combination of top-down reforms and bottom-up pressures whose impact, he argues, would be unprecedented, making it possible to build a more equitable, sustainable and happy society.Trade Review"Fioramonti's critique of the limitations of GDP is extremely well constructed, highly appropriate and relevant."—Colin Crouch, University of Warwick, UK "What governments don't track today is often far more important than what they do because what we measure changes how we behave – and how we think. And changing what we think is essential if we are to build a more sustainable economic system. Read this fascinating and well-written book – and change the way you think!"—Graeme Maxton, Secretary General of the Club of Rome and bestselling author of The End of Progress "An original, comprehensive and compelling analysis of the problems with GDP and how to make the world better without it."—Robert Costanza, Australian National University and editor-in-chief of Solutions "A well-written and persuasive analysis of how to change the world by moving beyond the current narrow focus on GDP."—Herman Daly, founder of Ecological Economics and Emeritus Professor, University of Maryland "comprehensive, passionate and detailed overview" —Edoardo Campanella, International AffairsTable of ContentsContents Acknowledgements Figures and Tables Introduction Chapter 1 The making of a post-GDP world Chapter 2 The rise and fall of the GDP ideology Chapter 3 Post-GDP economy Chapter 4 Post-GDP politics Chapter 5 Post-GDP world Conclusion References

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Book SynopsisThis classic work remains one of the most incisive contributions to dependency theory in the Latin American context. While agreeing with other dependency theorists that underdevelopment on the Latin America periphery was structurally connected to the accumulation of capital in the advanced economies at the core of the global capitalist system, Furtado went further and argued that the very idea of development in the periphery is a myth, deceiving countries into focusing on narrow economic factors such as the rate of investment and the volume of exports to the detriment of their human well-being. Moreover, the costs of development in terms of environmental destruction would be catastrophic for the planet: the idea that the poor in Latin America and elsewhere might someday enjoy the livelihoods of today’s rich people is unrealizable in practice, and any attempt to generalize the lifestyles of the world’s well-off would lead to the collapse of civilization. Adhering to the ideas of development and progress is not only misleading: it is also a form of cultural domination that stifles creativity and blocks the imagination of alternative life forms that would be better aligned to the conditions of life in Latin America and elsewhere. This prescient analysis of economic development and underdevelopment in Latin America retains its relevance today and will be of interest to anyone concerned with issues of political economy and culture in the Global South, as well as students and scholars in political economy, development studies, Latin American Studies and critical theory.Trade Review“The Latin American 'structuralists' made a Copernican jump in understanding of economic development by taking the closed-system world economy rather than the country as the unit of analysis, and showing 'developed' and 'less developed' to be like Siamese twins. Furtado was a leader of this school, and this short book is an outstanding example of the power of the approach, compared to that of the neoclassical mainstream.”Robert H. Wade, London School of Economics “This 1974 book is a classic”Journal of Economics

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Book SynopsisThis classic work remains one of the most incisive contributions to dependency theory in the Latin American context. While agreeing with other dependency theorists that underdevelopment on the Latin America periphery was structurally connected to the accumulation of capital in the advanced economies at the core of the global capitalist system, Furtado went further and argued that the very idea of development in the periphery is a myth, deceiving countries into focusing on narrow economic factors such as the rate of investment and the volume of exports to the detriment of their human well-being. Moreover, the costs of development in terms of environmental destruction would be catastrophic for the planet: the idea that the poor in Latin America and elsewhere might someday enjoy the livelihoods of today’s rich people is unrealizable in practice, and any attempt to generalize the lifestyles of the world’s well-off would lead to the collapse of civilization. Adhering to the ideas of development and progress is not only misleading: it is also a form of cultural domination that stifles creativity and blocks the imagination of alternative life forms that would be better aligned to the conditions of life in Latin America and elsewhere. This prescient analysis of economic development and underdevelopment in Latin America retains its relevance today and will be of interest to anyone concerned with issues of political economy and culture in the Global South, as well as students and scholars in political economy, development studies, Latin American Studies and critical theory.Trade Review“The Latin American 'structuralists' made a Copernican jump in understanding of economic development by taking the closed-system world economy rather than the country as the unit of analysis, and showing 'developed' and 'less developed' to be like Siamese twins. Furtado was a leader of this school, and this short book is an outstanding example of the power of the approach, compared to that of the neoclassical mainstream.”Robert H. Wade, London School of Economics “This 1974 book is a classic”Journal of Economics

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Book SynopsisFor several decades, wealthy states, international development agencies and multinational corporations have encouraged labour migration from the Global South to the Global North. As well as providing essential workers to support the transformation of advanced economies, the remittances that migrants send home have been touted as the most promising means of national development for poor and undeveloped countries. As Immanuel Ness argues in this sharp corrective to conventional wisdom, temporary labour migration represents the most recent form of economic imperialism and global domination. A closer look at the economic and social evidence demonstrates that remittances deepen economic exploitation, unravel societal stability and significantly expand economic inequality between poor and rich societies. The book exposes the damaging political, economic and social effects of migration on origin countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and how border and security mechanisms control and marginalize low-wage migrant workers, especially women and youth. Ness asserts that remittances do not bring growth to poor countries but extend national dependence on the export of migrant workers, leading to warped and unequal development on the global periphery. This expert take will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of migration and development across the social sciences.Trade Review‘Whether named colonialism, neocolonialism or globalization, imperialism still organizes much of the world economy. This book systematically locates labour migration within the capitalist imperialism that overdetermines it . . . thereby adding an overdue critical perspective to the study of labour migration.’Richard D. Wolff, The New School, New York‘In this insightful critique of the migration‒development nexus, Ness argues for rethinking migration as a benefit to sending countries. Through a global economic imperialism lens, he proposes that labor migration is one more peg in the extractive history of wealthy countries, further disempowering poorer sending countries. This meaningful intervention in debates about labour migration will be of great interest and will be read widely.’Cecilia Menjívar, University of California, Los Angeles‘Manny Ness is a tireless labor historian whose many works occupy significant space on any well-stocked bookshelf. His latest release […] shows that there is an urgent need to tie [migration and imperialism] together.’LeftTwoThree‘In this well researched and informative book, Ness digs into multiple facets of the global economy of migration. […] The essential role of migrant labor in global capitalism tends to be underappreciated, and Ness performs a valuable service in exposing the widespread and destabilizing dynamics of that process.’CounterpunchTable of ContentsIntroductionChapter 1 Neoliberal Capitalism, Imperialism, and Labour MigrationChapter 2 Underdevelopment and Labour Migration as Economic ImperialismChapter 3 Labour Migration and Origin CountriesChapter 4 Labour Migration and Destination StatesChapter 5 The Damage of BordersConclusion: Dismantling the Migration–Development Nexus

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Book SynopsisA rich investigation into Morocco’s urban politics Over the past thirty years, Morocco’s cities have transformed dramatically. To take just one example, Casablanca’s medina is now obscured behind skyscrapers that are funded by global capital and encouraged by Morocco’s monarchy, which hopes to transform this city into a regional leader of finance and commerce. Such changes have occurred throughout Morocco. Megaprojects are redesigning the cityscapes of Rabat, Tangiers, and Casablanca, turning the nation’s urban centers into laboratories of capital accumulation, political dominance, and social control.In Globalized Authoritarianism, Koenraad Bogaert links more abstract questions of government, globalization, and neoliberalism with concrete changes in the city. Bogaert goes deep beneath the surface of Morocco’s urban prosperity to reveal how neoliberal government and the increased connectivity engendered by global capitalism transformed Morocco’s leading urban spaces, opening up new sites for capital accumulation, creating enormous class divisions, and enabling new innovations in state authoritarianism. Analyzing these transformations, he argues that economic globalization does not necessarily lead to increased democratization but to authoritarianism with a different face, to a form of authoritarian government that becomes more and more a globalized affair.Showing how Morocco’s experiences have helped produce new forms of globalization, Bogaert offers a bridge between in-depth issues of Middle Eastern studies and broader questions of power, class, and capital as they continue to evolve in the twenty-first century.Trade Review"Globalized Authoritarianism is a must-read for scholars and political organizers interested in urban neoliberal politics in the Middle East, North Africa, and beyond. Exploring political change through the frame of the city, Koenraad Bogaert traces how the geopolitical concept of the urban comes to take a central place in class and biopolitics in contemporary Morocco, a major shift since the 1970s and an elite response to heightened social struggle from below. Bogaert brilliantly synthesizes Marxist literatures and their critics to show how the urban becomes a central arena of social struggle in a neoliberal period that continues to haunt and afflict the living long past its heyday."—Ahmed Kanna, author of Dubai: The City as Corporation"Bogaert’s Globalized Authoritarianism is an important step in reframing the links between global economy, local politics, and urban projects in North Africa—and thus in the world at large."—Technology and Culture"This is a welcome addition to a growing collection of remarkable books published over the past decade that use the entry point of urbanization and its planning in specific cities of the global South in order to provide powerful insights about broader political change across the globe. Decentring urban analysis from the handful of European and American metropolises that constitute the model for the majority of urban studies, these books combine an engagement with contemporary theory with richly documented and analysed case studies that force critical reconsiderations of the existing theoretical frames through which we understand cities, their residents and planning."—International Journal of Urban and Regional Research"Bogaert brilliantly illustrates how deeply neoliberal globalization and authoritarian rule are entangled in Morocco."—Jadaliyya"The book is well written, the argument is finely articulated throughout the three parts of the book, and the empirical evidence is extensive, thus making this a book that all those interested in urban Africa and in the wider debates on globalization and neo-liberalism ought to read."—Planning Perspectives"Globalized Authoritarianism is welcome and timely."—Urban StudiesTable of ContentsContentsAcronymsPreface and AcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Morocco’s Urban RevolutionPart I. Neoliberalism as Projects1. Considering the Global Situation2. An Urban History of Neoliberal Projects in MoroccoPart II. (State-)Crafting Globalization3. Neoliberalism as Class Projects4. Imagineering a New Bouregreg ValleyPart III. Transforming Urban Life5. Changing Methods of Authoritarian Power6. Power and Control through Techniques of SecurityConclusion: A New Geography of PowerNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisTells the story of Jamaican “scammers” who use crime to gain autonomy, opportunity, and repair There is romance in stealing from the rich to give to the poor, but how does that change when those perceived rich are elderly white North Americans and the poor are young Black Jamaicans? In this innovative ethnography, Jovan Scott Lewis tells the story of Omar, Junior, and Dwayne. Young and poor, they strive to make a living in Montego Bay, where call centers and tourism are the two main industries in the struggling economy. Their experience of grinding poverty and drastically limited opportunity leads them to conclude that scamming is the best means of gaining wealth and advancement. Otherwise, they are doomed to live in “sufferation”—an inescapable poverty that breeds misery, frustration, and vexation. In the Jamaican lottery scam run by these men, targets are told they have qualified for a large loan or award if they pay taxes or transfer fees. When the fees are paid, the award never arrives, netting the scammers tens of thousands of U.S. dollars. Through interviews, historical sources, song lyrics, and court testimonies, Lewis examines how these scammers justify their deceit, discovering an ethical narrative that reformulates ideas of crime and transgression and their relationship to race, justice, and debt. Scammer’s Yard describes how these young men, seeking to overcome inequality and achieve autonomy, come to view crime as a form of liberation. Their logic raises unsettling questions about a world economy that relegates postcolonial populations to deprivation even while expecting them to follow the rules of capitalism that exacerbate their dispossession. In this groundbreaking account, Lewis asks whether true reparation for the legacy of colonialism is to be found only through radical—even criminal—means. Trade Review"Jovan Scott Lewis’s sophisticated and nuanced account of Jamaican lotto scammers’ efforts to escape ‘sufferation’ positions their ethics of seizure within the logic of reparations. If the historical generation of wealth has been criminal—the result of imperialism, slavery, and debt—then its redistribution offers a way to reimagine the postcolonial present and its models of sovereignty. Scammer’s Yard is a must read for those interested in the value of blackness in the wake of the plantation!"—Deborah A. Thomas, University of Pennsylvania"Scammer’s Yard repositions a network of impoverished, aspirational Jamaicans at the frontier of post-colonial, racial capitalism. Combining sharp-eyed ethnography, rich historical detail, and brilliant analysis, Jovan Scott Lewis takes seriously scammers’ attempts to redress colonial brutality by using scams—in their contradictory glory—as a means of laying claim to reparations. An instant classic, this book is essential reading for anthropologists, political theorists, and scholars of the Black Atlantic or anyone looking for new tools to radically reimagine markets and the forms of radicalized violence and criminality they reproduce."—Noelle Stout, author of Dispossessed: How Predatory Bureaucracy Foreclosed on the American Middle Class "A page turner . . . the richness of the ethnography is as gratifying as Lewis’ deft blending of the empirical data and conceptual framework."—Antipode"Timely and necessary."—Ethnic and Racial Studies " This impressive work deftly weaves together and advances important theoretical constructs, which deepen readers' understanding of this research."—CHOICE"Scammer’s Yard, by Jovan Scott Lewis, is a rich ethnography of the existential question of Black repair."—Transforming Anthropology"Potentially transformative for the terrain of Black and Caribbean studies to the extent that it encourages us to strain against easy gestures to unitary futures on which discourses of reparations so readily rely."—Small Axe"An important ethnography in contesting the pathologizing of the urban poor and the villification of the scammer as a heartless, predatory criminal figure... the author makes a critical intervention to theory and praxes of libration by offering seizure as an ethical postcolonial mode for not only coping with but also challenging political-economic stagnation. "—American AnthropologistTable of ContentsContentsIntroduction: To Be Poor Is a Crime1. The Planation Remains: A History of Sufferation2. Free Zones: Manipulated Development after Structural Adjustment3. Black Markets: The Color of Crime4. Repairing Blackness: Seizing Reparations through the ScamConclusion: Black Life beyond RepairAcknowledgmentsNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisPoverty in India is intimately connected with caste, untouchability, colonialism and indentured servitude, inseparable from the international experience of slavery and race. Focusing on historical and modern practices, this book goes beyond traditional economic approaches to poverty and demonstrates its genesis in exclusion, isolation, domination and extraction resulting in the removal of human and economic rights. Examining cash and asset transfers, as well as the enhancement of women’s rights, primary health and education, it scrutinizes inadequacies in compensatory policies for redressing the balance. This is an original interdisciplinary contribution that offers bold domestic and international policies anchored in human radicalism to eradicate poverty.Table of Contents1. Introduction Part 1: Macro-Economy and Human Development 2. Macro-Economic Indicators: A Backdrop 3. Population, Poverty and Happiness 4. National Income, Human Development and Inequality Part 2: Sources of Inequality and Poverty 5. Racism, Colonialism and Slavery as International Practices 6. India’s Caste Structure 7. Untouchability: Ambedkar and Early Reformers Part 3: Sectoral Effects 8. The Rural-Urban Divide 9. Women, Children and Demographic Dividend 10. Nutrition, Health, Sanitation, Water and Climate Change Part 4: Radical Humanism 11. Blueprint for Addressing Poverty and Inequality

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Book SynopsisHumanitarianism has a narrative problem. Far too often, aid to Africa is envisioned through a tale of Western heroes saving African sufferers. While labeling white savior narratives has become a familiar gesture, it doesn’t tell us much about the story as story. Humanitarian Fictions aims to understand the workings of humanitarian literature, as they engage with and critique narratives of Africa. Overlapping with but distinct from human rights, humanitarianism centers on a relationship of assistance, focusing less on rights than on needs, less on legal frameworks than moral ones, less on the problem than on the nonstate solution. Tracing the white savior narrative back to religious missionaries of the nineteenth century, Humanitarian Fiction reveals the influence of religious thought on seemingly secular institutions and uncovers a spiritual, collectivist streak in the discourse of humanity. Because the humanitarian model of care transcends the boundaries of the state, and its networks touch much of the globe, Humanitarian Fictions redraws the boundaries of literary classification based on a shared problem space rather than a shared national space. The book maps a transnational vein of Anglophone literature about Africa that features missionaries, humanitarians, and their so-called beneficiaries. Putting humanitarian thought in conversation with postcolonial critique, this book brings together African, British, and U.S. writers typically read within separate traditions. Paustian shows how the novel—with its profound sensitivity to narrative—can enrich the critique of white saviorism while also imagining alternatives that give African agency its due.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The White Savior Narrative and the Third Sector Novel | 1 1. The Moral Cause | 33 2. The Emancipated African | 67 3. The Universal Human | 101 4. The Benevolent Gift | 134 5. The Nongovernmental Organization | 169 Epilogue: Rearticulating the Humanitarian Atlantic | 207 Acknowledgments | 215 Notes | 219 Works Cited | 251 Index | 267

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Book SynopsisThe central purpose is to borrow and on occasion adapt the various tool kits offered to improve our current understanding of the development process which we see, in Simon Kuznets' terminology, as a transition from agrarianism to modern economic growthTrade Review"The really attractive thing about this book is that it discusses economic development in an evolutionary perspective, with a very detailed catalog of ideal types, but always in a unified theoretical framework. The student will learn a lot about historical development paths, and even more about economic theory." Robert M. Solow, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTable of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. Preface. Part I: Introduction:. 1. Growth and Development: An Overview. Part II: Agrarianism and Dualism:. 2. From Closed and Open Agrarianism to Modern Dualism. 3. Development of the Closed Dualistic Economy: A Bird's Eye View. Part III: The Analytics of Growth and Development:. 4. The Neoclassical Production Function, Growth and Development. 5. A General Analysis of Growth Systems. 6. Applications to Modern Economic Growth. Part IV: Applications to Growth and Development under Dualism:. 7. Transition Growth in the Closed Dualistic Economy. 8. Transition Growth under Open Dualism. 9. Growth, Equity, and Human Development. Part V: Conclusions for Policy:. 10. Policy and Political Economy in the Transition to Modern Economic Growth. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisMany countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are among the poorest in the world with the largest proportions of their populations in poverty and the lowest indicators of social progress. Many of these same countries are also among the most aid dependent in the world. And yet there is evidence that aid in large quantities is a double-edged sword; large amounts of aid over an extended period of time can make the strong stronger and the weak weaker. What, then, is to be done about aid dependence in Africa? In this essay, the culmination of a two-year collaborative study between ODC and the African Economic Research Consortium in Nairobi, the authors explore strategies for reducing aid and aid dependence in Sub-Saharan Africa. They begin by addressing four key questions related to a smooth transition from aid dependence in Africa: What is aid dependence? What are the causes and consequences of aid dependence? What has been the experience of particular countries with aid dependence? And, what are the most important elements that aid donors and recipients should consider in a strategy to reduce aid dependence? Dr. Lancaster proposes a value-free definition of aid dependence, explores in detail the elements and impact dependence (especially on recipient institutions and organizations), develops empirical materials on aid dependence in individual African countries, and finally, proposes specific strategies for reducing aid dependence. With the prospect of further decreases in aid to Africa and the rising concerns about the disappointing impact of large flows of aid to many African countries, it is timely and even urgent that the issue of reducing aid dependence be addressed. This essay makes an important contribution toward advancing this important task.

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Book SynopsisThe first comprehensive work on globalization within the context of sustainable development initiatives in Africa. Few studies of globalization have analyzed its impact on African societies from the viewpoint of sustainable development. This volume answers that need. The essays here contribute to the store of knowledge about globalization in sub-Saharan Africa by documenting the affect of this global force on the continent's growth -- economic, political, and cultural. This interdisciplinary collection provides comprehensive analyses at the international, national, andlocal levels of the theoretical issues revolving around the complex process of globalization, while offering detailed examinations of new models of economic development that can be implemented in sub-Saharan Africa to enhance economic growth, self-sufficiency, and sustainable development. These models are accessible to politicians, public policy analysts, scholars, students, international organizations, nongovernmental actors, and members of the public atlarge. Finally, the essays here provide insightful case studies of African countries that already demonstrate creative, indigenous-based models of entrepreneurship and discuss efforts to achieve sustainable development and economic independence at the grassroots level. Contributors represent the disciplines of law, history, political science, economics, sociology, anthropology, business and management, African studies and art history, criminal justice, and education. Bessie House-Soremekun is the Public Scholar in African American Studies, Civic Engagement, and Entrepreneurship, Professor of Political Science and Professor of Africana Studies at Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis. Toyin Falola is the Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker Chair in the Humanities and University Distinguished Teaching Professor at the University of Texas at Austin.Trade ReviewThe chapters are well written and topical, and they offer a good introduction to both current and traditional issues concerning African development. * CHOICE *

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Book SynopsisThe politics of the past must be rethought. They were designed for a world where the U.S. manufactured at home, and where portions of U.S.-based labor had traded social stability for high wages. In this thought-provoking work, David Ranney shows how our world has changed and offers a plan for remaking progressive politics to meet the crises brought about by what George H. W. Bush first termed "the new world order. "Drawing from his experiences in Chicago politics, first as a factory worker and later as an activist and academic, Ranney shows how the increasing mobility of capital, the easy availability of credit, and a changing government policies have reshaped the urban world where U.S. workers live their everyday lives. This is not the story of the interconnectedness of modern business, but rather the need for self-respecting people who bring home a weekly paycheck to see the common, global problems they face, and to work together to bring about meaningful change.Showing how globalization has led to specific local consequences for cities and the workers that inhabit them, David Ranney presents a means for taking stock of the effects of globalization; a look at these changes in labor markets; economic development politics; housing policy; and employment policies; and an organizing strategy for this new economic and social era.Trade Review"Global Decisions, Local Collisions is a solid, well-written, and well-substantiated argument with a number of case studies on topics of major interest. [It] adds new analysis that makes a real and important contribution."—Peter Marcuse, author of Globalizing Cities and Of States and Cities"Ranney's book should be of considerable interest and use to scholars working in the urban political economy and on the local impacts of the processes of global economic reorganization. His descriptions are lucid and well-argued. His most original contribution comes in deepening and advancing a sophisticated theoretical understanding of these processes through examination of the Chicago cases. This he does masterfully, and in doing so, makes what I believe will be a significant contribution to the debate."—Adolph Reed, Jr., Professor of Political Science, Graduate Faculty, New School for Social Research"This is an important book. The author brings to bear finely honed analytic skills and a command of the secondary literature combined with hands-on research and, crucially, a discussion of his own experiences as a worker in Chicago and as a political activist to understand the nature of the New World Order."—SAGE Race Relations Abastracts"[It] is a timely and important book. It resonates with contemporary debates and discussions in academia and beyond about the effect of global level changes on everyday life....it is an impressive and thoughtful addition to our understanding of the collusion of government policies and capital mobility in transforming people's lives."—Work and Occupations, February 2004"In his valuable recent book... Ranney provides a clear critique of investor-rights globalization, a lucid analysis of how it touches everyday lives, and offers sensible democratic alternatives to the specter of overwhelming corporate domination."—Z Magazine"This book contains some informative case studies."—The Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare"The significance of this book for globalization readers and activists is that the author does a superb job of linking the forces unleashed in a global world to struggles or collisions that one finds locally. The author's career is unique in that his perspective combines the insights of an academic with the instincts of one who has been engaged on the front line as a labor organizer and critic of global economic policy."—Policy Research Action Group (pdf)"...this book is an important study that should be of interest to scholars and professionals such as planners and economists working in the fields of political economy and community development. It makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the impact of globalization on our communities."—Journal of the American Planning AssociationTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsTimeline1. Introduction2. Philosophical Perspectives3. The Evolution of a New World Order4. Manufacturing Collapses in Chicago5. The New World Order and Local Government: Chicago Politics and Economic Development6. Where Will Poor People Live?7. Jobs, Wages, and Trade in the New World Order8. Organizing to Combat the New World Order9. Implications and DirectionsNotesIndex

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