Development economics Books

Book SynopsisThis volume contains 21 selected essays by Professor Sir Hans Singer written over the last two decades. The volume addresses:- development economics in historical perspective and considers where it stands today the early pioneers of 'development' thinking including Smith and Keynes growth, industrialization and trade current questions of the terms of trade debate and import substitution North-South and South-South linkages foreign aid The author gives grateful thanks to Matthew Morris and Hans Ulrich Esslinger for their contributions to this book.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction Part II: Pioneers of Development Economics Part III: Growth, Industrialization and Trade Part IV: Import Substitution and Terms of Trade Controversy Part V: North-South and South-South Trade Part VI: Aid

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Book SynopsisThe Economics of Famine presents an important collection of outstanding contributions to the economic analysis of famine. The first part consists of theoretical papers, including Amartya Sen's classic exposition of the entitlement approach to famine analysis, various extensions and critiques of this approach, and more recent developments in the economics of famine. The second part consists of empirical case studies of famine in specific countries or regions, including Ireland, Russia, China, South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. This innovative volume provides invaluable reference material for development economists and all those concerned with the persistence of famine in the modern world.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Famine Analysis Part II: Case Studies Index

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Book SynopsisThis ambitious book scrutinizes the role of institutions in economic change, with special reference to Southeast Asia. It suggests that the nature of institutional arrangements such as households, community groups, firms, bureaucracies and formal governance systems can significantly affect human activity and economic success.The book begins by outlining the key elements of the theory of institutional economics. It then addresses institutions associated with particular markets and economic functions using case studies such as new agricultural technologies, the Indonesian labour force, the market for manufactured goods in Malaysia, Chinese entrepreneurs and policy makers in Thailand. The role of institutions is then discussed within the broader context of national and international change. Included are examinations of institutions which have evolved in Indonesia, those concerned with the transformation from central planning to the free market in Vietnam and institutions connected with governance and economic improvement in the Philippines. The discussion is brought up-to-date by an analysis of the role of global economic institutions in the recent Asian crises, looking at ways in which their performance might be enhanced.Trade Review'This book has been a long time coming . . . but the wait was worthwhile . . . This book is far more valuable than most edited volumes, and deserves to be read not only by those interested in Southeast Asia but by all those who want to have better tools for thinking about and analysing what really happens in the nitty-gritty of development.' -- James Cobbe, Progress in Development Studies 'This fine book is highly recommended.'– Frithjof Kuhnen, Quarterly Journal of International AgricultureTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: General 1. Introduction 2. An Economic Theory of Institutional Change Part II: Institutions in Particular Markets 3. Institutions of Change in Rural Development 4. Labour Institutions 5. Industrial Institutions 6. Entrepreneurship and Institutions 7. The Economics of Institutional Change Part III: Institutions in National and International Economic Change 8. Government and Deregulation in Indonesia 9. The Institutions of Transition from Central Planning 10. Executive–Legislative Relations in the Philippines 11. Global Economic Institutions from the Southeast Asian Perspective Part IV: Conclusions 12. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisThis in-depth analysis of direct investment in transition economies provides not only original insights for economic policy in Central and Eastern Europe, but challenges some of the theoretical foundations of the multinational firm.Foreign investment is important in promoting economic growth and development, and this book examines the determinants of foreign direct investment under the unique conditions of the transition from central planning to market economies. It begins by reviewing the business environment and the conditions facing foreign investors, and assessing the existing statistical and qualitative evidence. Dr Meyer then analyses the theoretical literature and extends this in an empirical analysis investigating the investment decision of firms entering Central and Eastern Europe. The book also critically examines transaction cost theory and the theory of the multinational firm under the special conditions of economic transition. It points to a reorientation of international business research which will need to focus on firms as organizations rather than firms as substitutes for imperfect markets. Direct Investment in Economies in Transition will be essential reading for students and scholars of international business and transition economics. It will provide valuable insights for policymakers within the region about the forces driving foreign investment.Trade Review'. . . I found this to be an interesting and informative book, whose analysis should be of interest to all economics and international business researchers concerned with the problems of direct foreign investment in post-communist economies. It represents a contribution to the economics of transition literature, both from theoretical and empirical points of view.'Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Direct Foreign Investment in Central and Eastern Europe 3. Determinants of Direct Investment: A Review of the Literature 4. Transaction Cost Analysis of Direct Foreign Investment 5. The Enterprise Survey 6. The Determinants of West–East Business 7. Determinants of Direct Investment: Testing Transaction Cost Theory 8. Form of Ownership and Mode of Entry 9. Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis outstanding new collection surveys the relationship between the environment and development, and highlights some of the tensions that are implicit in the notion of sustainable development.Environmental Economics and Development is organized into six sections: general aspects; resource utilization and management; valuation and accounting of environmental change; environmental policy instruments; adjustment, trade and the environment; and distributional issues. These areas include general features of environment-development interfaces, operational valuation and accounting methods and economic approaches to environmental policy instruments in developing countries and in the international context.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: General Aspects 1. David W. Pearce and R. Kerry Turner (1990), ‘Environment and the Developing Countries’ 2. Mohan Munasinghe (1993), ‘Environmental Issues and Economic Decisions in Developing Countries’ 3. John M. Antle and Gregg Heidebrink (1995), ‘Environment and Development: Theory and International Evidence’ 4. Edward B. Barbier (1990), ‘Alternative Approaches to Economic-Environmental Interactions’ 5. Herman E. Daly (1992), ‘Developing Economies and the Steady State’ 6. Richard B. Norgaard (1984), ‘Coevolutionary Development Potential’ 7. Iwan J. Azis (1997), ‘Linking Pollution and Macroeconomic Variables: An Indonesian Example’ Part II: Resource Utilization and Management 8. David Feeny, Fikret Berkes, Bonnie J. McCay and James M. Acheson (1990), ‘The Tragedy of the Commons: Twenty-Two Years Later’ 9. Sverre Grepperud (1996), ‘Population Pressure and Land Degradation: The Case of Ethiopia’ 10. Kanchan Chopra and S.C. Gulati (1997), ‘Environmental Degradation and Population Movements: The Role of Property Rights’ 11. Mohammad Ferdous Alam, Ishak Haji Omar and Dale Squires (1996), ‘Sustainable Resource Use, Economic Development, and Public Regulation: The Multiproduct Gill Net Fishery of Peninsular Malaysia’ 12. Ernst Lutz and Herman Daly (1991), ‘Incentives, Regulations, and Sustainable Land Use in Costa Rica’ 13. Theodore Panayotou (1994), ‘Conservation of Biodiversity and Economic Development: The Concept of Transferable Development Rights’ Part III: Valuation and Accounting of Environmental Change 14. David W. Pearce and Jeremy J. Warford (1993), ‘Evaluating Environmental Damage and Benefits’ 15. Robert Repetto, William Margrath, Michael Wells, Christine Beer and Fabrizio Rossini (1992), ‘Wasting Assets: Natural Resources in the National Income Accounts’ 16. Salah El Serafy and Ernst Lutz (1989), ‘Environmental and Natural Resource Accounting’ 17. John A. Dixon, David E. James and Paul B. Sherman (1989), ‘Risk and Uncertainty in Dryland Development and Management’ Part IV: Environmental Policy Instruments 18. Gunnar S. Eskeland and Emmanuel Jimenez (1992), ‘Policy Instruments for Pollution Control in Developing Countries’ 19. Sujata Gupta and Stephen G. Hall (1996), ‘Carbon Abatement Costs: An Integrated Approach for India’ 20. Haynes C. Goddard (1997), ‘Using Tradeable Permits to Achieve Sustainability in the World’s Largest Cities: Policy Design Issues and Efficiency Conditions for Controlling Vehicle Emissions, Congestion and Urban Decentralization with an Application to Mexico City’ Part V: Adjustment, Trade and the Environment 21. Ramon Lopez (1992), ‘The Environment as a Factor of Production: The Economic Growth and Trade Policy Linkages’ 22. Karl-Göran Mäler and Mohan Monasinghe (1996), ‘Macroeconomic Policies, Second Best Theory and the Environment’ 23. J.B. Opschoor and S.M. Jongma (1996), ‘Bretton Woods Intervention Programmes and Sustainable Development’ Part VI: Distributional Issues 24. Partha Dasgupta (1992), ‘Population, Resources, and Poverty’ 25. Ernst Mohr (1996), ‘Sustainable Development and International Distribution: Theory and Application to Rainforests’ 26. Amitrajeet A. Batabyal (1994), ‘An Open Economy Model of the Effects of Unilateral Environmental Policy by a Large Developing Country’ 27. Hamish Main and Stephen Wyn Williams (1994), ‘Marginal Urban Environments as Havens for Low-Income Housing: Third World Regional Comparisons’ 28. Peter Nijkamp and Hans Opschoor (1997), ‘Urban Environmental Sustainability: Critical Issues and Policy Measures in a Third World Context’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThis major four-volume collection brings together the key analytical contributions on the economies of Southeast Asia, countries which together have a population of more than 500 million people.This group of economies is of interest for a number of reasons. Firstly, they feature great diversity - Singapore has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, while several of the mainland Southeast Asian states are among the poorest. Brunei is a tiny oil sultanate, while Indonesia is the world's fourth largest nation. In addition, several of these economies have been consistently among the world's most open, while others are emerging from a long period of international commercial isolation. Thirdly, the group includes one sizeable country, the Philippines, which for reasons still only poorly understood has consistently under-performed compared to its potential. Four of the economies - Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand - grew extremely quickly in the three decades through to the recent Asian economic crisis. Lastly, the Asian economic crisis of 1997-98 particularly affected three of the countries - Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The factors explaining this sudden, and largely unanticipated, event are still only poorly understood.This comprehensive reference collection is essential reading for all those interested in the economic performance of these economies.Trade Review'Professor Hal Hill has done us all an invaluable service by assembling the best literature on contemporary Southeast Asian economic development. These four volumes provide a comprehensive, detailed description and analysis of essential themes and topics. This is an essential reference source for every library and scholar specializing in Southeast Asia.' -- Hugh T. Patrick, Columbia University, USTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Hal Hill PART I INTRODUCTION A Historical Backdrop 1. H. Myint (1967), ‘The Inward and Outward Looking Countries of Southeast Asia’ 2. Anne Booth (1991), ‘The Economic Development of Southeast Asia: 1870–1985’ B Country Overviews 3. Romeo M. Bautista and Mario B. Lamberte (1996), ‘The Philippines: Economic Developments and Prospects’ 4. Hal Hill (1994), ‘The Economy’ 5. W.G. Huff (1999), ‘Singapore’s Economic Development: Four Lessons and Some Doubts’ 6. Robert E.B. Lucas and Donald Verry (1999), ‘National Economic Trends’ 7. James Riedel and Bruce Comer (1997), ‘Transition to a Market Economy in Viet Nam’ 8. Peter G. Warr (1993), ‘The Thai Economy’ PART II MACROECONOMICS AND THE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY A Outcomes and Policy Instruments 9. W. Max Corden (1996), ‘Pragmatic Orthodoxy: Macroeconomic Policies in Seven East Asian Economies’ 10. Ross H. McLeod (1997), ‘Explaining Chronic Inflation in Indonesia’ B Exchange Rate Policy 11. Ross Garnaut (1999), ‘Exchange Rates in the East Asian Crisis’ 12. Stephen Grenville and David Gruen (1999), ‘Capital Flows and Exchange Rates’ C International Financial Markets 13. Gordon de Brouwer (1999), ‘Capital Flows to East Asia: The Facts’ 14. David C. Cole and Betty F. Slade (1999), ‘The Crisis and Financial Sector Reform’ D Fiscal Policy 15. Mukul G. Asher, Ismail Muhd Salleh and Datuk Kamal Salih (1994), ‘Tax Reform in Malaysia: Trends and Options’ 16. Malcolm Gillis (1994), ‘Indonesian Tax Reform, 1985–1990’ E Domestic Saving and External Debt 17. Eli M. Remolona, Mahar Mangahas and Filologo Pante, Jr. (1986), ‘Foreign Debt, Balance of Payments, and the Economic Crisis of the Philippines in 1983–84’ 18. Steven Radelet (1995) ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: Headed for a Crisis or Financing Sustainable Growth?’ 19. Ross H. McLeod (1996), ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: A Comment’ and Steven Radelet (1996), ‘Indonesian Foreign Debt: A Reply’ 20. Frank Harrigan (1998), ‘Asian Saving: Theory, Evidence, and Policy’ F ASEAN Economic Cooperation 21. Chia Siow Yue (1996), ‘The Deepening and Widening of ASEAN’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART III EXPLANATIONS A Growth 1. Helen Hughes (1995), ‘Why Have East Asian Countries Led Economic Development?’ 2. Asian Development Bank (1997), excerpt from ‘Economic Growth and Transformation’ B The Crisis 3. Prema-chandra Athukorala (2000), ‘Capital Account Regimes, Crisis, and Adjustment in Malaysia’ 4. Hal Hill (2000), ‘Indonesia: The Strange and Sudden Death of a Tiger Economy’ 5. Joseph Y. Lim (1998), ‘The Philippines and the East Asian Economic Turmoil’ 6. Steven Radelet and Jeffrey D. Sachs (1998), ‘The East Asian Financial Crisis: Diagnosis, Remedies, Prospects’ 7. Peter G. Warr (1999), ‘What Happened to Thailand?’ PART IV SOCIAL AND DISTRIBUTIONAL ISSUES A Poverty and Inequality 8. Arsenio M. Balisacan (1995), ‘Anatomy of Poverty During Adjustment: The Case of the Philippines’ 9. Anne Booth (2000), ‘The Impact of the Indonesian Crisis on Welfare: What Do We Know Two Years On?’ 10. Medhi Krongkaew (1994), ‘Income Distribution in East Asian Developing Countries: An Update’ 11. Martin Ravallion and Monika Huppi (1991), ‘Measuring Changes in Poverty: A Methodological Case Study of Indonesia During an Adjustment Period’ B Labour Markets and Human Resources 12. Prema-chandra Athukorala and Jayant Menon (1999) ‘Outward Orientation and Economic Development in Malaysia’ 13. Anne Booth (1999), ‘Education and Economic Development in Southeast Asia: Myths and Realities’ 14. Sirilaksana Khoman (1995), ‘Thailand’s Industrialization: Implications for Health, Education, and Science and Technology’ 15. Chris Manning (1994), ‘What Has Happened to Wages in the New Order?’ 16. Chris Manning (1999), ‘Labour Markets in the ASEAN-4 and the NIEs’ C Demographics 17. Gavin W. Jones (1999), ‘The Population of South-East Asia’ D Environmental Issues 18. Harold Brookfield (1993), ‘The Dimensions of Environmental Change and Management in the South-East Asian Region’ 19. Ian Coxhead (2000), ‘Consequences of a Food Security Strategy for Economic Welfare, Income Distribution and Land Degradation: The Philippine Case’ 20. Thomas P. Tomich, Meine van Noordwijk, Stephen A. Vosti and Julie Witcover (1998), ‘Agricultural Development with Rainforest Conservation: Methods for Seeking Best Bet Alternatives to Slash-and-burn, with Applications to Brazil and Indonesia’ 21. Jeffrey R. Vincent and Rozali Mohamed Ali with Chang Yii Tan, Jahara Yahaya, Khalid Abdul Rahim, Lim Teck Ghee, Anke Sofia Meyer, Mohd. Shahwahid Haji Othman and G. Sivalingam, (1997), ‘Conclusions’ E Regional Development 22. Hal Hill (1997), ‘Regional Development in Southeast Asia: The Challenges of Subnational Diversity’ 23. M. Govinda Rao (2000), ‘Fiscal Decentralization in Vietnam: Emerging Issues’ Name Index Volume III Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART V PUBLIC POLICY, INSTITUTIONS AND OWNERSHIP A Overviews 1. Stephan M. Haggard (1998), ‘Business, Politics and Policy in East and Southeast Asia’ 2. J.A.C. Mackie (1988), ‘Economic Growth in the ASEAN Region: The Political Underpinnings’ 3. Andrew MacIntyre (1999), ‘Political Institutions and the Economic Crisis in Thailand and Indonesia’ 4. Jon S.T. Quah (1998), ‘Singapore’s Model of Development: Is It Transferable?’ B Case Studies of Intervention and Reform 5. Ammar Siamwalla (1999), ‘Can A Developing Democracy Manage Its Macroeconomy? The Case of Thailand’ 6. Richard R. Barrichello and Frank R. Flatters (1991), ‘Trade Policy Reform in Indonesia’ 7. David C.E. Chew (1993), ‘Civil Service Pay in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 8. George Fane and Timothy Condon (1996), ‘Trade Reform in Indonesia, 1987–95’ 9. David K. Linnan (1999), ‘Insolvency Reform and the Indonesian Financial Crisis’ 10. Gerardo Sicat (1985), ‘A Historical and Current Perspective of Philippine Economic Problems’ 11. M. Hadi Soesastro (1989), ‘The Political Economy of Deregulation in Indonesia’ C Ownership and Business Structures 12. Kelly Bird (1999), ‘Concentration in Indonesian Manufacturing, 1975–93’ 13. Stijn Claessens, Simeon Djankov and Larry H.P. Lang (2000), ‘The Separation of Ownership and Control in East Asian Corporations’ 14. Edmund Terence Gomez and Jomo K.S. (1999), ‘Privatising State Assets’ 15. Hal Hill and Prema-chandra Athukorala (1998), ‘Foreign Investment in East Asia: A Survey’ 16. Linda Y.C. Lim (1996), ‘The Evolution of Southeast Asian Business Systems’ 17. Jamie Mackie (1992), ‘Changing Patterns of Chinese Big Business in Southeast Asia’ 18. Ng Chee Yuen and Toh Kin Woon (1992), ‘Privatization in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 19. Eric D. Ramstetter (1999), ‘Comparisons of Foreign Multinationals and Local Firms in Asian Manufacturing Over Time’ 20. Yuri Sato (1993), ‘The Salim Group in Indonesia: The Development and Behavior of the Largest Conglomerate in Southeast Asia’ 21. Yoshihara Kunio (1988), ‘Rent-seekers and Speculators’ Name Index Volume IV Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART VI SECTORS A Agriculture 1. Ponciano Intal, Jr. and John H. Power (1991), ‘The Philippines’ 2. Ammar Siamwalla, Suthad Setboonsarng, and Direk Patamasiriwat (1993), ‘Agriculture’ 3. Steven R. Tabor (1992), ‘Agriculture in Transition’ 4. Colin Barlow (1997), ‘Growth, Structural Change and Plantation Tree Crops: The Case of Rubber’ 5. Romeo M. Bautista (1993), ‘Trade and Agricultural Development in the 1980s and the Challenges for the 1990s: Asia’ 6. Takamasa Akiyama and Akihiko Nishio (1997), ‘Sulawesi’s Cocoa Boom: Lessons of Smallholder Dynamism and a Hands-off Policy’ 7. C. Peter Timmer (1993), ‘Rural Bias in the East and South-east Asian Rice Economy: Indonesia in Comparative Perspective’ B Services: Finance 8. H.W. Arndt (1989), ‘Trade in Services with Special Reference to ASEAN’ 9. Maxwell J. Fry (1995), ‘Financial Development in Asia: Some Analytical Issues’ 10. Ross H. McLeod (1999), ‘Control and Competition: Banking Deregulation and Re-regulation in Indonesia’ 11. Rob Vos and Josef T. Yap (1996), ‘Financial Intermediation and Adjustment of Internal and External Balances’ C Industry 12. Hal Hill (1999), ‘Industrialisation in ASEAN: Some Analytical and Policy Lessons’ 13. Erlinda M. Medalla, Gwendolyn R. Tecson, Romeo M. Bautista and John H. Power (1995), ‘Efficiency, Competitiveness and Structure of the Philippine Manufacturing Industries’ 14. Suphat Suphachalasai (1995), ‘Export-led Industrialization’ 15. Albert Berry and Dipak Mazumdar (1991), ‘Small-scale Industry in the Asian-Pacific Region’ 16. Henry Sandee, Roos Kities Andadari and Sri Sulandjari (2000), ‘Small Firm Development During Good Times and Bad: The Jepara Furniture Industry’ 17. Hal Hill (1996), ‘Indonesia’s Industrial Policy and Performance: "Orthodoxy" Vindicated’ 18. Sanjaya Lall (1995), ‘Malaysia: Industrial Success and the Role of the Government’ 19. Peter G. Warr (1989), ‘Export Processing Zones: The Economics of Enclave Manufacturing’ 20. Edward K.Y. Chen (1997), ‘The Total Factor Productivity Debate: Determinants of Economic Growth in East Asia’ 21. Mike Hobday (1994), ‘Technological Learning in Singapore: A Test Case of Leapfrogging’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides new insights into the performance of key economies in the Asia-Pacific region during the last three decades. It critically examines productivity growth, factor accumulation and economic efficiency at both the macro and micro levels.The authors use a variety of empirical techniques to measure the sources of economic growth in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand and China. The techniques employed range from traditional growth accounting to econometric frontier estimation and data envelopment analysis. As a comparison to the Asia-Pacific region, the growth experiences of G7 and 18 OECD countries are analyzed. The authors consider, among other issues, the influential role of trade in the region, macroeconomic management, income, capital, labor productivity, technology and investment. This innovative new book will be of interest to students and scholars of growth economics, public policy and Asian studies.Trade Review'The book provides considerable insights into the factors of productivity and efficiency change in rapidly growing economies.' -- S. Mohan, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research'As a compilation of papers emanating from an academic conference, this is a remarkably cohesive volume. . . . the papers in this book remain true to the overall theme of the book. Such is not always the case with edited volumes and the editors should be commended. The papers comprising the chapters in the book are also extremely well written and should be accessible to those not well-versed in measurement of productivity growth and productive efficiency. Perhaps the best way to evaluate this book is in terms of how well it attains its stated objectives. Regarding its primary objective, which is to provide new insights into the performance of various economies of the region, the book is successful. . . . the book provides considerable insight into the potential factors driving economic growth. Most notable are the findings concerning the impact of trade, especially imports, and human capital on economic growth. In terms of the book's secondary objective of providing a variety of analytical techniques, it is also successful. The reader will find a wide range of methodological approaches that are innovative and, more importantly, clearly presented. Many of the papers also contain extensive discussions of data development and variable measurement. Individuals currently conducting research on economic growth in the Asian-Pacific region should find this book a good source of ideas for further research as well as a source of potential methodological approaches for empirical analysis. For those interested in beginning to conduct such research, this book provides an excellent avenue for getting up to speed quickly on the current state of knowledge concerning economic growth, total factor productivity, and productive efficiency, as well as an overview of the type of empirical models being employed.' -- Timothy G. Taylor, Journal of Comparative EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: 1. Editor’s Introduction Part I: International Studies A. The Asia-Pacific Region 2. An Alternative Tale of Two Cities 3. Sources of Growth in East Asian Economies 4. The Relative Efficiency and Rate of Technology Adoption of Asian and North American Airline Firms B. International 5. There is No Silver Bullet: Investment and Growth in the G7 6. Is the Asia-Pacific Region Different? Technical Progress Bias and Price Elasticity Estimates for 18 OECD Countries, 1960-1992 Part II: National Studies A. Macroeconomic Productivity Studies 7. A Tiger in the Land of the Panda: Growth Prospects for Hong Kong under Reversion to China 8. Productivity and Efficiency in China’s Regional Economies 9. Total Factor Productivity and Outward Orientation in Taiwan: What is the Nature of the Relationship? 10. Technology Adoption and Technical Efficiency in Taiwan: Foreign Investment Led versus Export Performance Promoted 11. Measurement of Total Factor Productivity in Japan: How to Evaluate Impacts of New Technologies on TFP Growth 12. Productivity Growth in Taiwan’s Manufacturing Industry, 1961-1993 B. Microeconomic Efficiency Studies 13. The Achilles’ Heel of Thailand’s Financial Market 14. Cost Efficiency of the Farmers’ Credit Unions in Taiwan 15. The Social Productivity of China’s Town and Village Enterprises Index

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Book SynopsisEconomic growth in Northeast Asia during the last 50 years has, by any standards, been remarkable. This major four-volume set draws together some of the most influential papers published on the growth and industrial transformation of the economies of Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.Volume I outlines the factors behind Northeast Asia's development which includes a discussion on the impact of the financial crisis on each of these economies. Volume II discusses the macroeconomic settings and policy regimes under which growth has occurred, with a particular focus on monetary policy, fiscal policy and financial sector development. Volume III examines the external sector and human capital formation as the key catalysts for Northeast Asia's growth, and includes discussions of labour markets and income distribution. Volume IV outlines industrial structures and the debate over the role of public policy.This important collection will be welcomed by all those with an interest in Asian studies - scholars, students and policymakers alike.Trade Review'This is a real doorstep of a collection. The four volumes contain over 70 reprinted articles and chapters of books, many of them individually of the first importance. . . new libraries lacking good runs of journals may well find the collection attractive.' -- Eric Jones, Business HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Acknowledgements Introduction Heather Smith PART I INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1. Paul W. Kuznets (1988), ‘An East Asian Model of Economic Development: Japan, Taiwan and South Korea’ 2. Gustav Ranis (1995), ‘Another Look at the East Asian Miracle’ 3. Sanjaya Lall (1996), ‘Paradigms of Development: The East Asian Debate’ 4. Kazushi Ohkawa and Henry Rosovsky (1973), ‘The Contours of Modern Growth’ 5. Edward J. Lincoln (1988), ‘The Slowdown in Growth’ 6. Rudiger Dornbusch and Yung Chul Park (1987), ‘Korean Growth Policy’ and ‘Comments and Discussion’ 7. Shirley W.Y. Kuo (1999), ‘Government Policy in the Taiwanese Development Process: The Past 50 Years’ 8. Tzong Biau Lin and Yin Ping Ho (1981), ‘Export-oriented Growth and Industrial Diversification in Hong Kong’ PART II ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CRISIS A The Growth Debate 9. Anne O. Krueger (1995), ‘East Asian Experience and Endogenous Growth Theory’ 10. Alwyn Young (1995), ‘The Tyranny of Numbers: Confronting the Statistical Realities of the East Asian Growth Experience’ 11. Peter Drysdale and Yiping Huang (1997), ‘Technological Catch-up and Economic Growth in East Asia and the Pacific’ 12. Stephan Haggard (1999), ‘Governance and Growth: Lessons from the Asian Economic Crisis’ B Crisis and Response 13. Jenny Corbett and David Vines (1999), ‘Asian Currency and Financial Crises: Lessons from Vulnerability, Crisis, and Collapse’ 14. Ross Garnaut (2000), ‘East Asia After the Financial Crisis’ 15. Yung Chul Park (1998), ‘The Financial Crisis in Korea and Its Lessons for Reform of the International Financial System’ 16. Shirley W.Y. Kuo and Christina Y. Liu (1998), ‘Taiwan’ 17. Tsang Shu-Ki (1999), ‘The Hong Kong Economy: Opportunities Out of the Crisis?’ Name Index Volume II Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I MACROECONOMIC POLICY A Monetary and Fiscal Policy 1. Koichi Hamada and Fumio Hayashi (1985), ‘Monetary Policy in Postwar Japan’ 2. Paul R. Krugman (1998), ‘It’s Baaack: Japan’s Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap’ 3. Ya-Hwei Yang (1998), ‘Monetary Policy and Capital Flows in Taiwan During the 1980s and 1990s’ 4. Stephan Haggard and Susan Collins (1994), ‘The Political Economy of Adjustment in the 1980s’ 5. Raymond Ng and Edward Chen (1998), ‘The Role of Monetary Policy Under a Linked Exchange Rate Regime: The Case of Hong Kong’ 6. Kazumi Asako, Takatoshi Ito and Kazunori Sakamoto (1991), ‘The Rise and Fall of Deficit in Japan, 1965–1990’ 7. Chao-Hsi Huang and Kenneth S. Lin (1991), ‘An Empirical Study on Taiwan’s Tax Policy: 1966–1988’ 8. Wan-Soon Kim and K.Y. Yun (1988), ‘Fiscal Policy and Development in Korea’ 9. Peter S. Heller (1999), ‘Aging in Asia: Challenges for Fiscal Policy’ B Savings and Investment 10. Charles Yuji Horioka (1990), ‘Why Is Japan’s Household Saving Rate So High?: A Literature Survey’ 11. Susan M. Collins (1994), ‘Saving, Investment, and External Balance in South Korea’ C Financial Sector Development 12. Hugh T. Patrick (1994), ‘Comparisons, Contrasts, and Implications’ 13. Akiyoshi Horiuchi (2000), ‘Japan’s Bank Crisis and the Issue of Governance’ 14. Yung Chul Park (1994), ‘Korea: Development and Structural Change of the Financial System’ 15. Jia-Dong Shea (1994), ‘Taiwan: Development and Structural Change of the Financial System’ Name Index Volume III Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I EXTERNAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS 1. Anne O. Krueger (1995), ‘The Role of Trade in Growth and Development: Theory and Lessons from Experience’ A Economic Integration 2. Yun-Wing Sung (1995), ‘Subregional Economic Integration: Hong Kong, Taiwan, South China and Beyond’ 3. Lee-in Chen Chiu and Chin Chung (1993), ‘An Assessment of Taiwan’s Indirect Investment Toward Mainland China’ B Trade and Investment 4. Bela Balassa (1986), ‘Japan’s Trade Policies’ 5. Gary R. Saxonhouse (1993), ‘What Does Japanese Trade Structure Tell Us About Japanese Trade Policy?’ 6. Kiyoshi Kojima (1995), ‘Dynamics of Japanese Direct Investment in East Asia’ 7. Mark Mason (1995), ‘Japan’s Low Levels of Inward Direct Investment: Causes, Consequences and Remedies’ 8. Il Sakong (1993), ‘International Factors in Recent Korean Development’ 9. Hyuntai Kwak (1994), ‘Changing Trade Policy and Its Impact on TFP in the Republic of Korea’ 10. Chi Schive and Badiul A. Majumdar (1990), ‘Direct Foreign Investment and Linkage Effects: The Experience of Taiwan’ 11. James Riedel (1992), ‘International Trade in Taiwan’s Transition from Developing to Mature Economy’ 12. Tzong-biau Lin and Victor Mok (1985), ‘Trade, Foreign Investment, and Development in Hong Kong’ PART II FACTOR MARKETS AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION A Labour Markets 13. Gary S. Fields (1994), ‘Changing Labor Market Conditions and Economic Development in Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, China’ 14. Michel Fouquin (1991), ‘Export-oriented Industrialization, Female Employment and Demographic Trends: A Long-term Comparative Perspective of Japan and the Four NIEs – 1950 to 1988’ 15. Toshiaki Tachibanaki (1987), ‘Labour Market Flexibility in Japan in Comparison with Europe and the U.S.’ 16. Yin-Ping Ho (1992), ‘Labour and Labour Market Adjustment’ 17. Sookon Kim and Ju-Ho Lee (1997), ‘Industrial Relations and Human Resource Development’ B Human Capital Formation 18. Hong W. Tan (1990), ‘Technical Change and Human Capital Acquisition in the U.S. and Japanese Labor Markets’ and ‘Comment’ 19. Jennie Hay Woo (1991), ‘Education and Economic Growth in Taiwan: A Case of Successful Planning’ C Income Distribution 20. Wontack Hong (1981), ‘Trade, Growth and Income Distribution: The Korean Experience’ Name Index Volume IV Acknowledgements An Introduction by the editor to all four volumes appears in Volume I PART I STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT 1. John C.H. Fei and Gustav Ranis (1974), ‘A Model of Growth and Employment in the Open Dualistic Economy: The Cases of Korea and Taiwan’ 2. Howard Pack (1992), ‘New Perspectives on Industrial Growth in Taiwan’ A Agricultural Policy 3. Sophia Wu Huang (1993), ‘Structural Change in Taiwan’s Agricultural Economy’ 4. Keijiro Otsuka and Yujiro Hayami (1985), ‘Goals and Consequences of Rice Policy in Japan, 1965–80’ 5. Yoong-Deok Jeon and Young-Yong Kim (2000), ‘Land Reform, Income Redistribution, and Agricultural Production in Korea’ B Industry Policy 6. Heather Smith (1995), ‘Industry Policy in East Asia’ 7. Peter Drysdale (1995), ‘The Question of Access to the Japanese Market?’ 8. Ha-Joon Chang (1993), ‘The Political Economy of Industrial Policy in Korea’ 9. Joseph J. Stern, Ji-hong Kim, Dwight H. Perkins and Jung-ho Yoo (1995), ‘Overview of Results’ 10. Yoon Je Cho (1996), ‘Government Intervention, Rent Distribution, and Economic Development in Korea’ 11. Heather Smith (1997), ‘Taiwan’s Industrial Policy in the 1980s: An Appraisal’ 12. Edward K.Y. Chen and Kui-wai Li (1997), ‘Industrial Policy in a Laissez-Faire Economy: The Case of Hong Kong’ C Technology Policy 13. Daniel I. Okimoto (1989), ‘Industrial Policy Instruments for High Technology’ 14. Otto C.C. Lin (1998), ‘Science and Technology Policy and Its Influence on Economic Development in Taiwan’ 15. Denis Fred Simon (1996), ‘Charting Taiwan’s Technological Future: The Impact of Globalization and Regionalization’ 16. Linsu Kim (1997), ‘Government as a Learning Facilitator’ D Corporate Organisation 17. Stephen D. Prowse (1992), ‘The Structure of Corporate Ownership in Japan’ 18. Paul Sheard (1991), ‘The Economics of Japanese Corporate Organization and the "Structural Impediments" Debate: A Critical Review’ 19. Makoto Abe and Momoko Kawakami (1997), ‘A Distributive Comparison of Enterprise Size in Korea and Taiwan’ 20. Seong Min Yoo and Sung Soon Lee (1997), ‘Evolution of Industrial Organization and Policy Response in Korea: 1945–1995’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisEvolutionary economics gained acceptance for the study of industrialized countries during the 1990s but has, as yet, contributed little to the study of world income inequality. The expert contributors gathered here approach underdevelopment and inequality from different evolutionary perspectives. It is argued that the Schumpeterian processes of 'creative destruction' may take the form of wealth creation in one part of the globe and wealth destruction in another. Case studies explore and analyse the successful 19th century policies that allowed Germany and the United States to catch up with the UK and these are contrasted with two other case studies exploring the deindustrialization and falling real wages in Peru and Mongolia during the 1990s. The case studies and thematic papers together explore, identify and explain the mechanisms which cause economic inequality. Some papers point to why the present form of globalization increases poverty in many Third World nations. Members of the anti-globalization movement will find the explanations given in this book insightful, as will employees of international organizations due to the important policy messages. The theoretical interest within the book will appeal to development economists and evolutionary economists, and policymakers and politicians will find the explanations of the present failure of many small nations in the periphery invaluable.Trade Review'This book offers a very interesting alternative approach to studying the impacts of globalization and would be a useful resource for researchers as well as postgraduate students (and perhaps advanced undergraduate students) of evolutionary economics, economic geography and international trade . It will also be of interest to policy makers and members of international organizations (including the so-called Washington Institutions!).' -- Dimitris Ballas, Economic IssuesTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Erik S. Reinert PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF AN ALTERNATIVE THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 1. The Other Canon: The History of Renaissance Economics Erik S. Reinert and Arno M. Daastøl 2. Natural versus Social Sciences: On Understanding in Economics Wolfgang Drechsler PART II: THE STRATEGY OF SUCCESS: NINETEENTH-CENTURY UNITED STATES AND GERMANY 3. The Views of the German Historical School on the Issue of International Income Distribution Jürgen G. Backhaus 4. Technical Progress and Obsolescence of Capital and Skills: Theoretical Foundations of Nineteenth-Century US Industrial and Trade Policy Michael Hudson PART III: THE STRATEGY OF FAILURE: LATE TWENTIETH-CENTURY DEINDUSTRIALIZATION AND THE ECONOMICS OF RETROGRESSION 5. Natural Resources, Industrialization and Fluctuating Standards of Living in Peru, 1950–1997: A Case Study of Activity-Specific Economic Growth Santiago Roca and Luis Simabuko 6. Globalization in the Periphery as a Morganthau Plan: The Underdevelopment of Mongolia in the 1990s Erik S. Reinert PART V: TECHNICAL CHANGE AND THE DYNAMICS OF INCOME INEQUALITY 7. Technological Revolutions, Paradigm Shifts and Socio-institutional Change Carlota Perez 8. Income Inequality in Changing Techno-economic Paradigms Chris Freeman 9. Information Technology in the Learning Economy: Challenges for Developing Countries Dieter Ernst and Bengt-Åke Lundvall 10. Diversity: Implications for Income Distribution David B. Audretsch 11. Convergence, Divergence and the Kuznets Curve Ådne Cappelen Index

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the economy as an evolving entity and develops a new and coherent approach to the classification of economic systems. It demonstrates how the components of a decision-making system and the properties of a functioning economy are intrinsically linked. A well-functioning economy is shown to depend chiefly on 'correct' decisions. These in turn depend on an efficient decision-making system, an appropriate mix of markets, organizations and governments, and an optimal combination of the four enforcing mechanisms of a modern economic system: custom, command, competition and cooperation.Although this book is primarily about economics, non-economic considerations, including politics and ethics, are brought into the analysis. The most important decisions in life include choices between economic and non-economic issues. Hence, one of the aims of this book is to provide a conceptual framework to cope with these choices. The book also attempts to establish some plausible conditions for well-functioning economy and a 'just society'.This thoughtful book will be of interest to economists of economic theory and economic systems as well as policymakers in both the private and public sectors.Trade Review'It is an ambitious attempt to define different sorts of societies from the point of view of the roles of their principal decision-makers, to design an optimal society coming from the same point of view and to point out the pitfalls on the way to establishing such a society. Haddad is a humane and democratic person and his ideal society is an admirable one. He has thought long and hard about both the pitfalls and the advantages of what he proposes. He provides a novel framework within which to attempt both the actual and potential. Haddad is aware that hard-nosed cynics will sneer at him and his ideas but he is also an optimist who believes that good sense and good will may flourish in an appropriate environment. Certainly his book should be in the public domain in a democratic society for it provides the basis for serious and fundamental discussion of ethics, economics and politics.' -- G.C. Harcourt, University of New South Wales, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Part I: Economic Systems and Decision-making 2. Structures of Decision-making 3. Decision-making Procedures 4. Structures of Information Flows 5. Decision-making Criteria 6. Types and Structures of Incentive Part II: The Evolution of Economic Systems 7. The Customary Economy 8. The Command Economy 9. The Competition Economy 10. The Composite Economy Part III: Towards a Well-functioning Economic System 11. The Principles of a Well-designed Decision-making System 12. The Properties of a Well-functioning Economy 13. The Decision-making Process of a Well-functioning Economy 14. Concluding Notes on the Problems of Transition to a Well-functioning Economy References Index

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Book SynopsisThis important and timely book is at the forefront of the increasing interest in regional competitiveness in the face of ever stronger global forces. Distinguished contributors discuss issues including the impact and implications of European expansion as well as developments in the Asia-Pacific region. They also examine the driving forces, backgrounds, obstacles and opportunities for regions to become powerful global players. This highly topical book contains a wealth of empirical material and is underpinned by a thorough investigation of the theory and methodology of policy strategies for the positioning of regions in the new global economy. It will be a major source of reference for scholars, policymakers, economic planners and institutions alike in the field of regional science.Trade Review'. . . wide-ranging in scope, both territorially . . . and in terms of topics covered . . . contributes significantly to our understanding of the ways and means by which regional economic development efforts are started and sustained.' -- Jorg Mathias, Regional and Federal Studies'. . . a well-conceived and structured book. . . . Regional Cohesion and Competition in the Age of Globalization is an interesting and well-designed book that would not disappoint readers who are interested in the reshaping of the world economy in recent years.' -- Andres RodrIguez-Pose, Growth and ChangeTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. Globalization and Spatial Diversity 2. Globalization and the Borderless Economy Part II: Trade, Welfare and Growth 3. A Welfare Analysis of Regional Economic Integration 4. A General Equilibrium Analysis of International Trade with the Stackelberg Duopoly 5. The Pattern of Industrialization of the South 6. International Transaction Costs, Trade in Producer Services and FDI Agglomeration 7. An Empirical Analysis of Agglomeration Effects and Locational Choice of Japanese Electronics Firms in East Asia Part III: Spatial Interaction and Competition 8. Regional Cosmopolitanization and the Rise of World Trade Regions 9. Estimates of the Trade Flows between the EU and the East Asian Countries – A Panel Data Analysis on a Gravity-Type Model 10. Links between Emigrants and the Home Country 11. Monopolistic Competition Estimates of Interregional Trade Flows in Services 12. The Region Versus the Rest of the Economy 13. Regional Industrial Specialization and Patterns of Structural Unemployment in the European Union Part IV: Globalization and Regional Policy 14. Regional Development and Interorganizational Policy Making in a Pan-European Context 15. Implications of European Union Expansion for Peripheral Regions 16. A Meta Analysis of the Impact of Infrastructure Policy on Regional Development 17. On the Relation between Information Development and Economic Development 18. Global Opportunities and Regional Strategies 19. An Empirical Study of a Planning Process to Form an Effective Vision for a Region Index

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Book SynopsisChallenging Nobel economics laureate Theodore W. Schultz, Dr Zhou, in this comparative and path-breaking work, presents a new model for private land ownership or possession to overcome inefficient land-holding, increase farm competitiveness, realize food self-sufficiency and eliminate poverty. He aims to consolidate and enlarge fragmented small farms persisting in Asia, the Pacific, Africa, Latin America, and Central, Eastern and Southern Europe; and to help preserve small farmers, while strengthening large farmers, in the USA, OECD and EU. He introduces the means to facilitate the transition of collectively operated large farms in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia; promote EU enlargement; to prevent food overproduction; and to improve the environment. He also analyzes China's experience with public land ownership and makes important contributions to both new institutional economics and evolutionary political economy.Trade Review'The author of this path-breaking book presents an analysis of models of rural development that have proven to be more or less successful. Furthermore, he also elaborates a new model which he believes will be able to overcome the final remaining obstacle preventing sustainable agriculture and rural development in monsoon Asia and other countries. . . The book is full of in-depth observations and analyses. . . It is one of the most important contributions in our time to land-tenure literature and a must for all those working in the field.' -- Frithjof Kuhnen, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'This book consists of outstanding analyses and a series of original and ingenious policy proposals of general interests. By integrating land ownership into sustainable rural development, Dr Zhou brought a refreshing new perspective to the topic. Some of the discussions have already been published, but this book gives an overall and complete picture of the author's work.' -- Andrea Elekes, Acta Oeconomica'The accumulation of processes associated with the sudden collapse of the command economies, the restitution of former property rights, the Uruguay Round agreements on elimination of direct subsidies to agriculture, coupled with the demands of a yet to be defined "globalizing economy" have made it necessary for us to rethink the very foundations of agrarian society. The very concepts of rural space are becoming more difficult to define as the world now becomes increasingly urbanized and urban values oriented. Our current estimate of a world population of 8.9 billion in 2050 will place incredible demands on agricultural development in a world where there are no new frontiers of untapped good soils and water. Yet, in spite of our awareness of the synergistic relationship between these trends, there has been surprisingly little thought given to how rural space is to be used. Fortunately, Dr Zhou has not only made an important contribution to filling this gap, but has brought a refreshing new perspective to the topic. In this, his work is most timely and will undoubtedly find its way to the desktop of all development planners and concerned public.' -- James C. Riddell, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations'Dr Zhou develops a theoretical analysis and a series of original and ingenious policy proposals of general interest. His book, relevant to a variety of countries including many transition economies, should be of great interest to development specialists and government advisors.' -- Domenico Mario Nuti, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Italy and London Business School, UK'This is the best book on a third way between the command economy and free market system.' -- Stuart Holland, Advisor to the (Portugese) Presidency of the European CouncilTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Theories 1. Introduction 2. Theories of Monsoon Asia Rice Economy and Variable Mixed Economies 3. Theory of Property Rights Part II: The Japanese Model and a New Model 4. The Japanese Model versus the Last Obstacle 5. A New Model for Sustainable Rural Development Part III: The Chinese Model 6. The Chinese Model and the Emergence of the Last Obstacle 7. Overcoming the Last Obstacle in the Chinese Model 8. Other Rice-Based Economies under Public Land Ownership in Monsson Asia Part IV: Applications of the New Model Beyond Monsoon Asia 9. The American Model and the Crowding out of Small Farmers 10. Application of the New Model in the USA 11. Implementations of the New Model in the OECD, EU, CEECs, CIS, and Rest of the World Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDuring the growth process inequality may rise or decline, and the change in the level of inequality may, in turn, affect growth. An increase in inequality in one place and better prospects of growth and earnings elsewhere can trigger migration. As a result of these close affecting links between factors, each of the eighteen studies - a mix of both theoretical and empirical - is concerned with at least two of these issues, and is classified into one of three general parts in accordance with the theme that is mostly emphasised. The main focus of the papers appearing in the first part of the book is on inequality and its effects on growth, labour market integration and government policies. The book continues by dealing with migration, its determinants and its possible effect on the host country's output, employment and standard of living. Finally, the authors discuss economic growth and its relationship with trade, capital accumulation and internal and external debts.Economists and researchers studying development economics and migration studies will find this original book, with its innovative state-of-the-art studies, of great interest.Trade Review'The studies in this volume are state-of-the-art, uniformly well written, and address important themes. . . This volume deserves to be in every research holding dealing seriously with issues of migration, economic growth, and inequality.' -- Derek Hum, Journal of International Migration and Integration'This book is certainly a great reference for anyone interested in development economics not only because of the specific issues that it covers, but also in terms of the general approaches that it presents. Economists and researchers studying development economics and migration studies will find this collection of works of great usefulness and interest.' -- Christopher Bajada, Economic RecordTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Inequality: Implications for Growth, Labour Market Integration and Policy 1. Inequality and Economic Growth: A Review of the Literature 2. Growth and Income Inequality in Advanced, Capitalist, Stable Economies: Evidence from Australia 3. Median Income: Modelling and Implications for Assessing Growth and Convergence 4. Income Inequality among Different Regions in China’s Post-Reform Era 5. Income Inequality and Redistributive Government Spending: Theory and Panel Data Evidence 6. Employment Inequality, Employment Regulation and Social Welfare 7. Oligarchy Power and Inflation in Brazil Part II: Migration: Unemployment, Assimilation, Expected Returns and Risk 8. Migration, Unemployment and the Optimal Tax: Implications for Growth and Income Distribution 9. Supply, Demand and Disequilibrium in the Market of Immigrants 10. Migration Timing: Expected Returns, Risk Aversion and Assimilation Costs 11. The Effects of Income Disparities on Inter-Regional Migration in a Technologically Developed Country: Evidence from Australia 12. Populate or Perish: Scale, Growth and Australia’s Post-War Immigration 13. Demographic Change, Foreign Borrowing and Intergenerational Equity Part III: Growth: Trade, Capital Accumulation and Debts 14. Trade Liberalisation and Labour Markets in Developing Countries: Theory and Evidence 15. Relative Wages and Trade in a Growing Small Open Economy: Mexico, 1987–95 16. R&D Spillovers and Export Performance: Evidence from the OECD Countries 17. Finite Lifetimes, Economic Policies and Capital Accumulation 18. Optimal Capital Accumulation with Trade, Sovereign Debt and Trustworthy Reputation Index

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Book SynopsisOffers an insight into the circumstances under which the policies were developed, implemented and reviewed, as well as a study of the outcomes. This book addresses questions such as: How could an organisation with no previous experience of governing accomplish a peaceful transition to democracy? How did they do it and where are they going?

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Book SynopsisWill China come to dominate global high-tech innovation?In the future, perhaps. Today, however, Greater China—Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong—is focused on the quest for innovation. The dominant paradigm on the Mainland is one of execution, not innovation. Beijing now aims to turn China—historically an adopter of technologies from elsewhere—into a major technology creator. Self-reliance has become the government’s watchword and its ultimate goal.The talents and resources available are impressive. More Chinese young people are well-educated, international patents and research and development (R&D) spending are on the rise, and China boasts a growing presence in world scientific literature.Still, negatives remain. China must overcome the legacies of a top-down, state-run research system that is largely disconnected from commerce, and an academic system not always supportive of independent scholarly inquiry. The government is working to change these outdated institutions, but such shifts do not occur overnight.Taiwan and Hong Kong have followed different paths to high-tech innovation. Taiwan’s route has been dominated by government but implemented by mostly small- and medium-sized firms, with help from its Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), a model for moving concepts to commerce. Significantly, Taiwan’s companies maintain strong links to multinational firms both in the United States and in Mainland China. Taiwan’s Hsinchu Science-based Park is seen as a model high-tech cluster throughout Asia and beyond.Hong Kong has taken another road. While its formal R&D activity is small, it innovates in business models, particularly in logistics chains that reach into the Mainland and globally. It is a (largely unheralded) story of great success.The big question is: When will Greater China’s high-tech innovation have a major impact on the world economy?

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Book SynopsisThroughout the 1990's, privatization of inefficient state-owned enterprises was strongly embraced in developing and transitional economies. Little attention has gone to the distributional implications of the privatization movement, a particularly surprising oversight given the current backlash in many settings against further privatization. This book offers a comprehensive set of country-specific studies on the effects of privatization on people —winners and losers in different income, employment, and education groups. The studies analyze the changes in public tax revenue from privatized enterprises, shifts in pension and other liabilities, and changes in income of different groups. Contributors include David McKenzie (Stanford University), Dilip Mookherjee (Boston University), Gover Barja (Universidad Católica Boliviana, La Paz), Miguel Urquiola (Columbia University), Samuel Freije (Universidad de Las Américas in Puebla, Mexico), Luis A. Rivas (Ministry of Finance and Central Bank of Nicaragua), Máximo Torero, Enrique Schroth, and Alberto Pasco Font (Group of Analysis for Development [GRADE], Lima), Roberto Macedo (University of São Paulo, Presbyterian Mackenzie University, and Foundation Institute of Economic Research, São Paolo), Antonio Estache (World Bank), Michael Bleyzer and Edi Segura (SigmaBleyzer Corporation), Gary H. Jefferson, (Brandeis University), Su Jian (Brandeis and Peking Universities), Jiang Yuan and Yu Xinhua (National Bureau of Statistics, Beijing), and Malathy Knight-John and P.P.A. Wasantha (Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka).Trade Review"Privatization was one of the key elements that helped to jump-start economic revival in Latin America in the 1990s. But politically, it has always been a difficult sell: Critics claim it rewards the wealthy and the foreign at the expense of the poor and the local. The studies in this book show that this is not the case; privatization's bad reputation is largely undeserved." —Pedro-Pablo Kuczynski, Minister of Economy and Finance of Peru|"This book fills an important gap in the privatization literature by documenting its distributional consequences in developing and emerging-market nations. It provides an answer to a key question that has long haunted policymakers and privatization researchers: Why has privatization become so unpopular in developing and emerging economies, when the research clearly shows that privatization 'works' economically?" —Bill Megginson, Professor and Rainbolt Chair in Finance, University of Oklahoma|"Privatization continues to be a contentious issue throughout Latin America, and indeed, the world. This volume of careful studies moves the debate from polemic to analysis. It shows that in Latin America at least, privatization has not been a major contributor to the increased inequality seen in the last decade." —Nora Lustig, President, Universidad de las Américas|"Most studies of privatization look at what happens to companies; this volume looks at what happens to people--workers, consumers, and the disadvantaged--and measures whether they were better or worse off after the transaction. This is progress." —Joseph Stiglitz, Professor, Columbia University

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Book SynopsisThe World Bank is assailed by critics on the left, right and center on the grounds it is not effective, not accountable, not democratic or legitimate, and most threatening of all, not relevant in a global economy where private capital, production, and ideas dominate. Yet the world needs a strong World Bank working with other international institutions to manage development and the related global challenges of the 21st century. Are the Bank's shortcomings exaggerated or potentially fatal? If potentially fatal, can this critical institution be rescued? Rescuing the World Bank explores the answers to these questions. The first part of the book, The Hardest Job in the World: Five Crucial Tasks for the New President of the World Bank, is a report by a Center for Global Development (CGD) Working Group delivered to Paul Wolfowitz on his first day in the office in June 2005. The second part comprises selected essays, many first presented at a CGD Symposium in the fall of 2005. The Working Group members and essay authors represent a rich array of experience and views. CGD president Nancy Birdsall was co-chair of the Working Group and selected and edited the essays. Her view that the Bank is a crucial global institution but potentially at risk is widely —but not universally —shared by the Working Group members and the essay authors. The provocative volume will be widely read and discussed by those who are actively grappling with how to strengthen the World Bank, by its many stakeholders, and by readers with a broad interest in development seeking a better understanding of this vital and complex institution as it struggles to adapt to the demands of the 21st century.

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Book SynopsisEmerging Africa> describes the too-often-overlooked positive changes that have taken place in much of Africa since the mid-1990s. In 17 countries, five fundamental and sustained breakthroughs are making old assumptions increasingly untenable: The rise of democracy brought on by the end of the Cold War and apartheid Stronger economic management The end of the debt crisis and a more constructive relationship with the international community The introduction of new technologies, especially mobile phones and the Internet The emergence of a new generation of leaders. With these significant changes, the countries of emerging Africa seem poised to lead the continent out of the conflict, stagnation, and dictatorships of the past. The countries discussed in the book are Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, Lesotho, Mali Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.

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Book SynopsisWhat should a country do if it suddenly discovers oil and gas? How should it spend the subsequent cash windfall? How can it protect against corruption? How can citizens truly benefit from national wealth? With many of the world's poorest and most fragile states suddenly joining the ranks of oil and gas producers, these are pressing policy questions.Oil to Cash explores one option that may help avoid the so-called resource curse: just give the money directly to citizens. A universal, transparent, and regular cash transfer would not only provide a concrete benefit to regular people, but would also create powerful incentives for citizens to hold their government accountable. Oil to Cash details how and where this idea could work and how policymakers can learn from the experiences with cash transfers in places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska.

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Book SynopsisReliance on natural resource revenues, particularly oil, is often associated with bad governance, corruption, and poverty. Worried about the effect of oil on Alaska, Governor Jay Hammond had a simple yet revolutionary idea: let citizens have a direct stake. The Governor's Solution features his first-hand account that describes, with brutal honesty and piercing humour, the birth of the Alaska Permanent Fund dividend, which has been paid to each resident every year since 1982. Thirty years later, Hammond's vision is still influencing oil policies throughout the world.This reader, part of the Center for Global Development's Oil-to-Cash initiative, includes recent scholarly work examining Alaska's experience and how other oil-rich societies, particularly Iraq, might apply some of the lessons. It is as a powerful reminder that the combination of new ideas and determined individuals can make a tremendous difference —even in issues as seemingly complex and intractable as fighting the oil curse.

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Book SynopsisSome 600 million children worldwide do not legally exist. Without verifiable identification, they—and unregistered adults—could face serious difficulties in proving their identity, whether to open a bank account, purchase a SIM card, or cast a vote. Lack of identification is a barrier to full economic and social inclusion.Recent advances in the reach and technological sophistication of identification systems have been nothing less than revolutionary. Since 2000, over 60 developing countries have established national ID programs. Digital technology, particularly biometrics such as fingerprints and iris scans, has dramatically expanded the capabilities of these programs. Individuals can now be uniquely identified and reliably authenticated against their claimed identities. By enabling governments to work more effectively and transparently, identification is becoming a tool for accelerating development progress. Not only is provision of legal identity for all a target under the Sustainable Development Goals, but this book shows how it is also central to achieving numerous other SDG targets.Yet, challenges remain. Identification systems can fail to include the poor, leaving them still unable to exercise their rights, access essential services, or fully participate in political and economic life. The possible erosion of privacy and the misuse of personal data, especially in countries that lack data privacy laws or the capacity to enforce them, is another challenge. Yet another is ensuring that investments in identification systems deliver a development payoff. There are all too many examples where large expenditures—sometimes supported by donor governments or agencies—appear to have had little impact.Identification Revolution: Achieving Sustainable Development in the Digital Age offers a balanced perspective on this new area, covering both the benefits and the risks of the identification revolution, as well as pinpointing opportunities to mitigate those risks.Trade ReviewDigital ID is fast becoming an essential tool for twenty-first century development. This book spells out in fascinating detail the opportunities and challenges, the perils and pitfalls of this digital ID revolution."- Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Board Chair, GAVI; former Finance Minister, Nigeria; former Managing Director, World Bank; "Anyone interested in the current transformation of identification and registration systems underway internationally—students, researchers, policymakers or implementers—should begin with this book."- Keith Breckenridge, Professor and Deputy Director, Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research; "This excellent book affords invaluable practical guidance for states and governements hoping to reap development gains while avoiding the serious pitfalls in engaging with this most important governance revolution of the third millennium CE."- Simon Szreter, Professor of History and Public Policy, University of Cambridge; "It is no exaggeration that there is an Identification Revolution and it is important and moving rapidly. [This book's] masterful presentation brings the reader up to date, analyzing the potential benefits and pitfalls of biometric ID. This is a must read for all those interested in economic development and the potential that the ID Revolution offers."- Anne O. Krueger, Senior Research Professor, Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies; Senior Fellow, Stanford Center for International Development; "This is a must-have manual for anyone interested in the important topic of identification systems as drivers of social and economic develoment. . . . I expect it will remain a top reference in this field for many years to come."- Joseph Atick, Executive Chairman, ID4Africa,; Executive Chairman, Identity Counsel International; "Alan Gelb and Anna Diofasi Metz have done a remarkable job of studying recent advances in the sophistication of ID systems across the globe. They offer a unique lens on what is possible, what has been done, and more importantly, why it was done. This kind of critical look at the design choices of an ID system is illuminating specially since they capture the context in which those decisions were taken."- Nandan Nilekani, Cofounder and Non-Executive Chairman, Infosys; Founding Chairman, Unique Identification Authority of India; Cofounder and Chairman, EkStep FoundationTable of Contents Preface Acknowledgments 1. Introduction 2. How Big Is the Global Identification Gap? Can We Measure It? 3. Identification as an Enabler of Sustainable Development 4. Identification Systems: Innovations in Technology and ID Provision 5. Confronting the Risks 6. Five Frontier Cases in Digital Identification 7. Toward the Future References Index About the Authors

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Book SynopsisThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted at the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit on September 25, 2015 contains holistic, far reaching, and people-centered set of universal and transformative goals and targets. These call for strengthening capacities and providing an enabling environment for access to opportunities that are sustainable from economic, social, and environmental standpoints. Sustainability focus of the organization needs to go hand in hand with sustainable HRM systems, processes, and practices. But the reality is that sustainability is seldom a part of HR plans or strategic HR practices of most of the organizations.Hence, this book, Human Resource Management for Organizational Sustainability offers a new paradigm by focusing on human resource systems and processes from the lens of sustainability. The book puts together the concepts, researches, and practices that advance the understanding of organizational sustainability through human resource management contributed by specialists from Austria, Germany, India, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States, with examples, cases, and review questions. Whereas environment-related aspects have been receiving increasing attention over the years, the “people” element of social responsibility has received limited attention in management education and also in the business world. This book will bridge the knowledge gap and will provide valuable insights into how sustainable HRM practices can contribute not only to organizational sustainability but also to sustainability at large.

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Book SynopsisThe year 2120 may appear a long way into the future but will come quickly. The global population reached one billion in 1804, four billion in 1974, six billion in 1999, seven billion in 2012, and nine billion predicted for 2020. Given the speed of current development under the threat of changing climate, this book attempts to project ahead but with a particular focus. Housing and feeding so many people is about saving the planet while laying the foundations for a quality of life that is within what people in 2120 will want in their living conditions.One factor has not been considered, namely, how each new generation comes in at a different reference point. Previously, the ideal home might have had a house, a garden, perhaps a swimming pool or tennis court. Teenagers today don’t care about these amenities as long as they have access to their electronic devices. Grandparents might resent living in one-room apartments, while young people could find this acceptable. The planning conundrum is to anticipate the expectations of future generations. This text looks at best theories of urban development, attempting to integrate future expectations in the hope of guiding governments to think outside the box.

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Book SynopsisAs organizations tackle global challenges, the faces of our businesses and our economic system are changing to consider the interests of all stakeholders rather than just shareholders. This book provides a step-by-step approach for organizations to reap benefits from a more sustainable approach. It begins with a brief history of the concept of sustainability as it applies to both performance and reporting. Implementing sustainability in an organization begins with the development of policies which are consistent with the expectations of its stakeholders. An organization’s active participation in multi-stakeholder initiatives helps to align the policies with societal trends. Once the policies are developed, a management system is crucial to ensure congruence of policies with actual performance. Then, periodic reporting of performance based on well-recognized standards aids stakeholders in assessing an organization’s performance–reporting also helps stakeholders to determine if performance aligns with their expectations. Both internal and external assurances build stakeholder trust in the organization’s performance and reporting. Finally, the book concludes with a reflection on key messages and potential future actions for continuous improvement.

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Book SynopsisManaging Sustainability: First Steps to First Class provides a compelling case, real-world examples, and the tools to follow a proven strategy for aligning sustainability efforts with existing organizational priorities.This strategy has taken companies from initial conception to the top of the sustainability rankings. Using examples from leading companies, readers will understand how to build—programs that drive results and enhance reputation.Benefits include enabling companies to attract, hire, retain, and fully engage the best talent, seize the innovation high ground with new and premium products and services, provide access to socially responsible investment capital, implement “best practices,” earn license to operate, reduce compliance and regulatory costs, and more.Includes the latest trend to go beyond the organization’s own “footprint” to integrate their values into their supply chains and build employee and customer loyalty by empowering these essential stakeholders to live their shared values.Sustainability professionals or business strategists who are seeking to integrate effective programs that match corporate strategy with the purpose and values-driven initiatives that engage employees, build customer loyalty, and improve license to operate will benefit from the author’s more than 30 years’ experience in corporate communications, business, and corporate sustainability.

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Book SynopsisMost organizations would say that they are interested in becoming more effective and efficient–which is almost impossible without competent leadership. Bad leaders are corrosive to any organization, thus organizations today must work to attract leaders who promote clarity and honesty.This book highlights the principles and practices that lead to sustainable and positive leadership within SME. It also provides a step-by step approach for the attributes of leaders who can run an SME and who have a predisposition to focus on environmental and resource sustainability. The text begins with a brief history of the concept of sustainability as it applies to both performance and reporting–implementing sustainability in an SME begins with the development of practices and activities.The author explains the required skills to sustain business and environment in order to be prepared for the challenges and opportunities of today’s world and enjoy a successful life. Sukkar will inspire SME’s leaders to be aware of these considerations, and apply them to the role they play in firms–not just doing things right but doing the right things right.

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Book SynopsisProgress of corporate history since the industrial revolution has been an enormous growth in freedom of enterprise, economic prosperity, innovation, technical, and intellectual advancement but it has also been, stoking the passions of greed, a slow and sure decay of morality, and social order culminating in high unemployment and Occupy Wall Street movements.Business enterprise is a profound thought of good intentions towards the society, which sets apart corporate culture over individual choice. A culture is a function of true knowledge of awareness, an identity with the ethical responsibility, that by which corporate infers and society teaches. Immanuel Kant raised the question whether a science of metaphysics with a logical structure, like that of the well established mathematical and measuring ethical assets usage, is crucial for corporate to bring the abstractions into reality, acknowledge value where value is due, and deconstruct what is valueless.This book addresses these issues effectively by subject - object distinction of qualitative and quantitative elements of management, what Kant had pleaded for.

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Book SynopsisDisruption is happening everywhere and in every aspect of our lives. It is happening at a scale and speed that is unprecedented in modern history, impacting diverse industries, from financial services to retail, media, logistics and supply chain, manufacturing, education, professional services, and life sciences. Leaders are finding it challenging to navigate the near-insurmountable challenges resulting from the impact of these disruptive events on their organizations.The right leadership is critical for organizations to thrive in a disruptive business environment. How should we define leadership in such an environment? Are the current leadership practices and competencies still relevant in the face of such disruption? What are the attributes of a “disruptive digital leader”? How can leaders set themselves up not only to survive but also to thrive in navigating the challenges of disruptive events and crises?This book provides insights into an understanding of disruptive leadership. It explores the key success factors for digital transformation of organizations in the highly disruptive, increasingly VUCA-driven era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (also known as Industry 4.0). The book also examines the fundamental qualities of disruptive leadership that would distinguish successful leaders as they guide their organizations through the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the digital transformation at the workplace.

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Book SynopsisAs internal doubts persist on whether an individual adheres to business ethics and corporate policies, readers need to utilize this book in order to develop moral reasoning by demonstrating the moral entity consideration principle. This is vital in terms of coping with an internationalized business environment where human resources must adhere to multidimensional and demanding policies, while attempting to develop their mindset capacity of ethical thinking. This book is about providing a comprehensive framework for understanding business ethics and corporate governance, by analyzing the moral aspects of a plethora of challenges regarding human resources management, policy making, corporate responsibility, code of conduct, agency theory, workforce planning, information systems, and employment relationship.

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Book SynopsisAlthough corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been adopted by many companies, few of them are practicing it with any formal strategy, and the common situation seems to be a portfolio of disparate CSR programs and initiatives, some of which the support core strategy and others of which appear adjacent and discretionary. The diversity of potential CSR initiatives is one issue; however, developing a strategic orientation is complicated by the fact that each company has its own unique set of drivers and motivations for CSR and ideas and responsibilities for those initiatives come from all parts and levels of the organization. Strategic planning for sustainability is far from easy or precise, if only because it requires that simultaneous consideration be given not only to economic performance and development but also to environmental protection and the social wellbeing of employees and other persons and groups outside of the organization. This book is intended as a comprehensive guide to the key steps required to strategically approach becoming a successful sustainable business including conducting a CSR assessment, developing a CSR strategy and the accompanying business case, developing and implementing CSR commitments, and measuring the performance and effectiveness of the planning initiative.

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Book SynopsisIn order to know whether or not the corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative and its related commitments are actually improving the company’s performance, it is necessary to have in place procedures for reporting and verification, each of which are important tools for measuring change and communicating those changes to the company’s stakeholders. While certain CSR and corporate sustainability disclosures have now become minimum legal requirements in some jurisdictions, in general such disclosures are still a voluntary matter and companies have some leeway as to the scope of their disclosures and how they are presented to investors and other stakeholders. This book is intended to be a practical introduction to sustainability reporting and communications that begins by discussing material legal and regulatory considerations and the some of the major sustainability reporting frameworks and then continues with detailed illustrations of how companies might create and distribute their sustainability reports and develop and implement their CSR communications strategies.

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Book SynopsisSustainability is a topical subject being emphasized nationally and internationally. Though there are books on environment and climate change, there is lack of a textbook/sourcebook which focuses on organizational sustainability.The proposed book is expected to bridge the gap and would be appropriate for business schools offering MBA courses on strategic management, CSR, corporate governance and sustainability.

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Book SynopsisAcademics, policymakers, business people, members of civil society and individuals have all recognized the significant effect the activities of the private sector have on employees, customers, communities, the environment, competitors, business partners, investors, shareholders, governments and others. It is also becoming increasingly clear that firms can contribute to their own wealth and to overall societal wealth by considering the effect they have on the world at large when making decisions and take operational actions to execute their strategies.All of this has led to growing interest in ""corporate social responsibility"", or ""CSR"", which has been described as the way that firms integrate social, environmental and economic concerns into their values, culture, decision making, strategy and operations in a transparent and accountable manner and thereby establish better practices within the firm, create wealth and improve society.The commitments and activities associated with any CSR initiative should begin with compliance with laws and regulations promulgated by the governmental entities have jurisdiction over the firm's activities; however, CSR extends well ""beyond the law"" to include important subjects as to which the law has not been able to keep.As a result, voluntary corporate responsibility standards developed from a variety of sources have emerged to fill the gap in areas such as corporate governance and ethics; health and safety; environmental stewardship; human rights (including core labor rights); working conditions and industrial relations; community involvement, development and investment; consumer issues; fair competition; anti-bribery and anti-corruption measures; accountability, transparency and performance reporting; and supplier relations.This book is intended to serve as an introduction to sustainability standards and instruments and includes chapters on initiatives of governmental and intergovernmental bodies, sectoral CSR commitments, CSR-related reporting and management standards and securities exchanges and regulators.The book also provides information on CSR-related nonprofits and NGOs that readers can use as resources for broadening their understanding of private sector activities relating to CSR and sustainability.

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Book SynopsisSustainability is about the long-term wellbeing of society, an issue that encompasses a wide range of aspirational targets including ending poverty and hunger; ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all; ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all; and promoting sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.Clearly the challenges associated with pursuing the goals are daunting and for most businesses it may be difficult for them to see how they can play a meaningful role in address them.While it is common for “society” to be identified as an organizational stakeholder, the reality is that one company cannot, acting on its own, achieve all the goals associated with societal wellbeing. However, every company, regardless of its size, can make a difference in some small, yet meaningful way, in the communities in which they operate, and more and more attention is being focused on the impact that companies have within their communities. Focusing on the community level allows an organization to set meaningful targets and implement programs that fit the scale of its operations and which can provide the most immediate value to the organization and its stakeholders.Societal wellbeing projects and initiatives must ensure that the organization does not compromise, and instead improves, the wellbeing of local communities through its value chain and in society-at-large.This book is a comprehensive guide to community engagement and investment, beginning with a survey of community-related voluntary standards and then turning to strategy and management, community engagement, community investment and reporting and communications on community-related activities.

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Book Synopsis This book offers a comprehensive discussion of how green finance has been growing thus far and explores the opportunities and key developments ahead, with particular emphasis on Europe. The main features of the market, the key products, the issue of correctly defining green finance, the main policy actions undertaken, the risk of green washing and the necessary steps to mainstream green finance are discussed in depth. In addition, the book analyses some highly relevant aspects of the market that so far have not been sufficiently explored in the policy, industry and academic debate. This includes the potential role of digitalisation and blockchain in fostering green finance, the crucial role of the effective financing of the agriculture to reach climate and environmental targets and the possible relationship between sustainable finance and other forms of "alternative" finance. This book will be of interest to academics, practitioners, financial institutions and policy makers involved in green finance and to the finance industry in general. Table of ContentsPart I. State of the Art.- 1. An Overview of Green Finance.- 2. Defining Green Finance: Existing Standards and Main Challenges.- 3. The Development of Green Finance by Sector.- 4. Sustainable Finance Management.- 5. Financial Performances of Green Securities.- 6. Institutional Initiatives to Foster Green Finance at EU Level.- Part II. The (Long) Way Forward and New Opportunities.- 7. From Transaction-based to Mainstream Green Finance.- 8. The Development of Green Finance in EU Agriculture: Main Obstacles and Possible Ways Forward.- 9. Fintech, Digitalization and Blockchain: Possible Applications for Green Finance.- 10. Sustainable Finance: A Common Ground for the Future in Europe?.- 11. Green Finance Today: Summary and Concluding Remarks.

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Book SynopsisThis book examines Turkey’s success within international development cooperation and how this could create a framework for a new international aid architecture. Turkey has become a world leader in humanitarian assistance and shared an extraordinary burden in official development assistance (ODA). Its achievements are used to highlight the global failure to meet aid commitments and the increasingly permanent humanitarian problems seen in certain regions. A particular focus is given to Turkey’s diplomatic and humanitarian actions, its contribution to regional stability and development, and creating a holistic aid perspective. The book aims to provide the reader with an understanding of Turkey’s significant value-added contribution to the international aid architecture, gives an outline for international cooperation, and contributes to ongoing discussions within development economics, political science, and international relations.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book reflects the futuristic scientific view of the consequences of transition to Industry 4.0 for climate change. The authors present a systemic overview of the current negative consequences of digitization for the environment, new outlines of the energy sphere in Industry 4.0 and the change of the environment pollution level in Industry 4.0. The book also analyses the ecological consequences of growth and development of Industry 4.0, and considers Industry 4.0 as an alternative to fighting climate change. The book presents a view on fighting climate change in Industry 4.0 from the positions of shifting the global community’s attention from environment protection to formation of the digital economy. A logical continuation of this book is a view from the opposite side, which would allow reflecting the contribution of Industry 4.0 into fighting climate change and the perspectives of harmonization of these top-priority directions of the global economy’s development. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners interested in climate change and development of Industry 4.0, as well contributing to a national economic policy for fighting climate change and corporate strategies of sustainable development in Industry 4.0.Table of ContentsPart I. Energy sphere in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 1. Growth of energy consumption during automatization of production, distribution, and consumption in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 2. Energy crisis management in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 3. Renewable energy and evaluation of its applicability in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 4. Alternative sources of energy and perspectives of their development in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 5. Consequences of Industry 4.0 for the energy sphere in modern Russia.-Part II. Pollution of environment in Industry 4.0.- Chapter 6. Increase of production and consumption waste in the course of economic growth and digital modernization.- Chapter 7. Perspectives of decrease of production waste in the circular model of development of Industry 4.0.- Chapter 8. “Smart” consumption and its consequences for environment pollution.- Chapter 9. Environment pollution in Industry 4.0 in Russia’s regional economy: linear practices vs. circular initiatives.- Chapter 10. Macro-level consequences of digitization of the Russian economy for production waste and climate change.- Part III. Ecological consequences of growth and development of Industry 4.0.- Chapter 11. Consequences of transition to Industry 4.0 for economy’s resource efficiency: the specifics of developed and developing countries.- Chapter 12. Ecological consequences of development of “smart” productions in countries that implement the resource models of economic growth.- Chapter 13. Post-industrial economies on the path to Industry 4.0: consequences for fighting climate change.- Chapter 14. Consumer society in Industry 4.0: mass needs and individual limitations, dictates by the digital society, based on ecological responsibility.- Chapter 15. Ecological consequences of transition to Industry 4.0 for Russia: economic growth vs. environment protection.- Part IV. Industry 4.0 as an alternative to fighting climate change.- Chapter 16. Competition between “green” projects and projects in the sphere of Industry 4.0 in the global investments markets.- Chapter 17. Limited opportunities of financing of national projects in the sphere of Industry 4.0 and fighting climate change in the conditions of deficit of budget assets.- Chapter 18. Competition between initiatives of international organizations for supporting the practices of transition to Industry 4.0 and the practices of fighting climate change.- Chapter 19. Investment and innovative decisions of corporate structures during making a choice between transition to Industry 4.0 and “green” production.- Chapter 20. The alternative character of national projects in the sphere of Industry 4.0 and fighting climate change in modern Russia.- Part V. A systemic view at consequences of Industry 4.0 for climate change.- Chapter 21. The anthropogenic scenario of development of the global economy based on Industry 4.0: consequences for climate change.- Chapter 22. Scenario of moderate digitization of the global economy based on Industry 4.0 and delayed climate change fighting.- Chapter 23. Scenario of well-balanced development of Industry 4.0 and “green” economy in the global economy.- Chapter 24. Scenario analysis of the consequences of Industry 4.0 for climate change in modern Russia.- Chapter 25. The concept of limiting the negative influence of Industry 4.0 on environment in Russia.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book analyses barriers and challenges associated with the financing of clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa. By considering various economic, financial, political, environmental and social factors, it explores the consequences of energy poverty across the region and maps the real and perceived investment risks for potential capital providers, both domestic and international. Furthermore, it analyses risk mitigation strategies and innovative financing structures available to the public and private sectors, which are aimed at leveraging capital in the clean energy sector at scale and fostering the creation of an enabling business and investment environment.More specifically, the present book analyses how to (i) enhance capital allocation in projects and organisations that foster clean energy access in the region, (ii) mobilize private capital at scale and (iii) decrease the cost of financing through risk mitigation strategies. Going beyond traditional approaches, the book also considers socioeconomic and cultural aspects associated with investment barriers across the subcontinent. Moreover, it urges the public and private spheres to become more actively involved in tackling this pressing development issue, and provides policy recommendations for the public sector, including proposals for business model evolution at multilateral agencies and development institutions. It will appeal to a wide readership of both academics and professionals working in the energy industry, the financial sector and the political sphere, as well as to general readers interested in the ongoing debate about energy, sustainable development and finance.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa: General Context.- Risk Analysis and Mitigation Strategy Identification.- Public Policies and Initiatives in the Energy Sector.- Direct and Indirect Investments in the Energy Sector.- Capital Markets for the Financing of Clean Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa.- Risk Mitigation Instruments Targeting Specific Investment Risks.- Business Model Adaptation.- The Role of Multilateral Agencies and Development Banks.- Conclusions and Policy Recommendations.- Further Areas of Work.- Annex

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Book SynopsisDrawing on the expertise of multi-disciplinary scholars from emerging economies, this volume aims to share fascinating perspectives on marketing communications by discussing the shift in the power of public relations, and highlighting how the small and local use communication effectively to improve performance and shares useful lessons on how to communicate hope by responding to customer emotions during uncertainties. The book contains valuable lessons and insights on communicating corporate social responsibility, effective social media communication, enacting brand purpose through communication, and using aesthetics in point-of-purchase advertising to drive purchase intention. It is the first of its kind to highlight key conceptual issues and provide critical empirical evidence on marketing communications in and from emerging economies. Corporate executives, educators, students, policymakers and businesses would find this book a useful tool on marketing communication as it lays bare some important strategic and operational insights specific to emerging markets.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Traditional and Contemporary Notions of Marketing Communications (Genevieve Bosah)Chapter 2. Power Shift: Analyzing the Changing Role of Public Relations in the Mar-keting Mix (Ligia A. Trejo)Chapter 3. Marketing Communication Planning for SMEs in Emerging Markets (Bright Senanu & Thomas Anning-Dorson)Chapter 4. Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives: A Focus on COVID-19 (Trum Kojo Kakra & Richard Kwame Nimako)Chapter 5. Ithemba lilla nyuka (Hope is Rising): Responding to Customer Emotions During Uncertainties (Kelebogile Makhafola & Thomas Anning-Dorson)Chapter 6. Perception of Integrated Marketing Communications Practice: Evidence from Rural and Community Banks (Ike Tandoh, Nicholas Oppong Mensah & Albert Anani-Bossman)Chapter 7. Exploring Drivers of Performance in Advertising Firms in Ghana: A Per-spective of Attribution Theory (Henry Boateng, Ibn Kailan Abdul-Hamid, John Paul B. Kosiba & Robert Ebo Hinson)Chapter 8. Using Social Media Communication to Enact Brand Purpose During a Global Health Pandemic (Charmaine du Plessis)Chapter 9. Aesthetics Response to Point-of-Purchase Advertising and Purchase Inten-tions of Groceries (Kojo Kakra Twum, Andrews Agya Yalley, Kwamena Minta Nyarku, Masud Ibra-him & Godwyn Manful)Chapter 10. Analyzing the Use of Social Media CommunicatioN Strategies in Indonesia and Malaysia: Insights and Implications (Fandy Tjiptono, Ghazala Khan & Ewe Soo Yeong)Chapter 11. Integrated Marketing Communications in Emerging Economies - Conclusions and Recommendations

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Book SynopsisLocated within the plantation economy model of the “New World Group” of The University of the West Indies, this book explores how the changes in the European Union’s sugar regime impacted a sugar-dependent community in Jamaica. It details how the end of centuries of preferential treatment of Jamaican sugar in the British/European market in 2005 worsened the social and environmental realities of the Monymusk community in Clarendon, Jamaica, which depended on the sugar industry. In describing the response of the Jamaican Government to the changes in the EU Sugar Regime, and the subsequent roll-out of an EU funded adaptation strategy, the author provides some unique perspectives on this process, drawing on his experience as a senior civil servant involved in the process. The book also highlights the continued social and environmental impact on the area since 2015 . The book concludes with a discussion on the empirical findings and how those findings contribute to the debates on the dependency perpetuated by the Plantation Economy Model of development and the failure of neo-liberal influenced government policies, as well as the lack of imagination of post-independent governments to break this dependency and deliver on the promise of independence.Table of Contents1 Theoretical Framework.- 2 The Origins and Development of a Plantation Economy.- 3 the Sugar Industry Post-Independence.- 4 The Avalanche of Trade Liberalization Since the 1990s.- 5 The Response.- 6 Conditions of the Industry and the Monymusk Sugar Dependent Area (SDA) before JCS.- 7 The Impact.- 8 Policy Implications.

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Book SynopsisLatin American and Iberian entrepreneurship represents a special kind of innovation, risk-taking, and futuristic business activity based on a common cultural heritage. There has been an increased interest in entrepreneurship related to specific cultural groups, and this edited book will be among the first to provide a Latin American and Iberian perspective to the study of entrepreneurship, thereby acknowledging the role of the Spanish and Portuguese diaspora and language on the global economy. Each chapter will focus on a different aspect of entrepreneurship related to countries within Latin America and Iberia. By combining both geographical groups, the authors aim to provide a better understanding of how Latin culture permeates entrepreneurial business activities. Table of ContentsThe Role of Entrepreneurship in Latin America and Iberia.- Venture Capital and Technology Entrepreneurship in Latin America: A Comparative Approach.- World Heritage Sites and Tourism Entrepreneurship in Latin America.- The Role of Douro River in the Emergence of Technological Entrepreneurship Initiatives.- The Presence of Women in Private Family Firms’ Corporate Governance and Innovation Outcomes.- Implementation Intentions of Potential High-Impact Entrepreneurs Among University Students: An Applied Analysis to the Case of Panama.- World Heritage Sites in Portugal and Spain.- The Role of Different Types of Previous Experience in International Opportunity Recognition: Evidence from Spanish International Entrepreneurs.- Intrapreneurship in Tennis: Tell Me Who You Are... and I Will Tell You What Your Intentions Are.- Strategy as a Tool for Management and Organizational Performance: Case Study in a Microenterprise—Araxá-MG.

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates factors that contribute to the development of an efficient financial sector in Ghana. While sustainable finance has long been known to propel economic growth and development, and while many African countries have taken initiatives to develop integrated frameworks of their financial sectors that tackle developmental challenges, scholars and policymakers have always grappled with understanding of factors that enhance performance of the financial sector. In this book, an expert team of authors examines the financial landscape, central bank policies, competition, financial innovation, financial inclusion and banking stability in Ghana, while also exploring how financing models such as enterprise finance and microfinance can be more effective in sustaining financial markets. The authors discuss how Ghana can build fortified institutions, regulatory frameworks, and productive capacity to strengthen the financial sector and foster pathways that will enhance economic development. Empirical and scientific evidence give this book a unique approach that is both qualitative and quantitative.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. What Really Drives Financial Sector Development in Ghana?.- Chapter 3. Harnessing Financial Innovation for Financial Inclusion in Ghana.- Chapter 4. Financial Inclusion and Monetary Policy Effectiveness in Ghana.- Chapter 5. Gendered Financial Behaviour in Ghana: A Comparative Study with South Africa.- Chapter 6. Bank Competition and Financial Sector Stability in Ghana.- Chapter 7. Macroeconomic Determinants of Banking Instability in Ghana.- Chapter 8. Financial Dualism in Ghana: The Implications for Monetary Policy on Loan Variations.- Chapter 9. Revisiting MSMEs financing through banking reform processes: Assessing the Ghanaian legal experiences.- Chapter 10. Effectiveness of credit risks management policies used by Ghanaian commercial banks in agricultural financing.- Chapter 11. Evaluation of lending methodologies used by Ghanaian banks to extend credit to SMEs.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the early work and activities of Joan Robinson that focused on economic development within underdeveloped countries, in particular India before independence. By analysing the style of Robinson’s thinking and economic analysis, and based on the works of Indian contemporaries, parts of The British Crown and the Indian States previously unattributed to her are seen to exhibit her preoccupation with poverty, backwardness, unemployment, the population problem, international trade, and the role of the state. Through keeping in mind Robinson’s later work, the development of her ideas can be reflected upon, alongside critical perspectives. It also reveals the beginnings of her role as a public intellectual. This book aims to shed new light on Joan Robinson’s work on development and to provide insight to an overlooked part of her research. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in the history of economic thought, development economics and economic history.Table of ContentsPart I. In the Land of Princes.- 1. An Unseemly Memsaab.- 2. A Tale of Two Robinsons.- 3. Discovering a Book.- 4. Austin Carries the Day.- Part II. Thinking Development: Then and Later.- 5. Precolonial Underdevelopment.- 6. Colonial Development.- 7. Is There a Common Thread?.- Part III. Transfer of Resources from Princely India to British India.- 8. Net Resource Outflow.- 9. Liabilities of the States.- 10. Revenue Contributions.- Part IV. The Drain, Backwardness and the State.- 11. The Drain and Backwardness.- 12. Role of the State.

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Book SynopsisThis book, the first of two volumes, brings together the work of Domenico Mario Nuti to highlight his significant and varied contribution to economics. Bringing together works from across Nuti’s career, his distinctive intellectual framework is exemplified in relation to discussions on the drivers of economic growth and development, the most efficient economic system, the organisation of firms, and how economies should be managed. This volume gives particular attention to socialist economic systems, and the transition of former socialist countries to market economies. This book, through the inclusion of an introduction, aims to contextualise his ideas and illustrate their continued relevance. It will be of wide interest to students and researchers.Table of Contents1. The degree of monopoly in the Kaldor-Mirrlees growth model.- 2. Capitalism, socialism and steady growth.- 3. Introductory essay to V. K. Dmitriev.- 4. Michal Kalecki's contributions to the theory and practice of socialist planning.- 5. Kalecki and Keynes revisited.- 6. Socialism on earth.- 7. Hidden and repressed inflation in Soviet-type economies.- 8. Cycles in socialist economies.- 9. Feasible financial innovation under market socialism.- 10. On Tibor Liska’s entrepreneurial socialism.- 11. Market socialism: the model that might have been but never was.- 12. Stabilization and reform sequencing in the reform of Central Eastern Europe.- 13. Privatisation of socialist economies: general issues and the Polish case.- 14. Privatization of financial institutions.- 15. Economic inertia in the transitional economies of central eastern Europe.

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the ways in which the Venezuelan immigrant community is making an impact on the social and economic dynamic of small economies. This publication addresses some of the main economic development conversations on trade, labor, and fiscal implications of immigration. This book attempts to collate and unpack some of the relevant theoretical frameworks which provide a basis for policymakers and other key decision-makers. In this regard, the links between immigration and economic development is discussed with a focus on Trinidad and Tobago as a representative case within the Caribbean community.Table of ContentsChapter 1: The Venezuelan Migration Crisis: Evolution and Prospects.- Chapter 2: Venezuelan Migrants: A Comparative Look at T&T and Other Latin American and Caribbean Countries.- Chapter 3: Labour Market Impact of Immigration.- Chapter 4: Trade Impact of Immigration.- Chapter 5: Fiscal impact of immigration.- Chapter 6: A Regional, Hemispheric or Global Approach to the Venezuelan Immigrant Crisis?.- Chapter 7: Establish a Zone of Peace, Prosperity and Sustainable Development in the Americas.

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the use of the mobile Internet against the background of gender bias and Covid-19, currently two of the most important and pressing problems of the Global South. The book argues that the degree of benefits from this new technology depends heavily on the way it is actually used and that most new technologies are developed for the conditions prevailing in rich countries, where they tend to be quite easily adopted and used. In the Global South, by contrast, a paucity of digital skills and other factors make the potentially valuable benefits from the Internet much more difficult to derive. Using empirical data recently provided by the Groupe Speciale Mobile Association (GSMA), the book examines the existence and extent of the digital divide between males and females in mobile Internet use, which constitutes a new form of divide. It sheds light on the acute difficulty for first-time mobile Internet users in the Global South, and especially Sub-Saharan Africa, to learn the digital skills that are needed to use the said technology effectively, with a special focus on how these users acquire the required knowledge, without having undergone the process of learning by doing. The book further discusses the determinants of digital skills in the Global South, as well as major factors underlying the extent to which different users actually benefit from the mobile Internet, such as gender, location, age, and education. Finally, it investigates how womens' use of the Internet has been altered by the pandemic in the Global South.This book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of development economics and development studies, as well as policy-makers interested in a better understanding of the impact of gender bias and Covid-19 on mobile internet use in the Global South.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. First-Time Users of the Mobile Internet in the Global South.- Chapter 3. The Gender Digital Divide in Mobile Internet Use: Evidence, Explanations and Policy for the Global-South.- Chapter 4. Gender, Mobile Internet and COVID-19 in the Global South: Multiple Causalities.- Chapter 5. The Digital Use Divide Between Males and Females at Different Levels of Aggregation.

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Book SynopsisThis book is unique in that it challenges scholarly views on financial inclusion and poverty reduction while also relating financial inclusion and poverty reduction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The book deviates from the usual method of analyzing financial inclusion, which relies on bank accounts or microcredit as success criteria, and instead discusses how the Fourth Industrial Revolution is facilitating digital financial inclusion. With a five-fold goal, this book investigates both past and present readings and understandings of poverty and financial inclusion. To begin, it provides a thorough introduction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and financial inclusion in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Second, the book dives quite extensively into the theories of financial inclusion in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Third, the book reconstructs the theory of financial inclusion, moving from traditional to digital financial inclusion, highlighting the role of digital financial inclusion in the transition from an informal financial money market to a formal financial system. The fourth goal is to evaluate the tools and effects of digital financial inclusion on poverty. Finally, it provides case studies of digital financial inclusion and the future of digital financial inclusion in emerging and developing countries. This book will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners in a range of disciplines, including finance, development economics, and consumer economics.Table of ContentsPart I: Introduction.- Chapter 1: Introduction to Digital Financial Inclusion: Revisiting Poverty Theories in The Context of The Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 2: The Fourth Industrial Revolution: An Introduction to its Main Elements.- Chapter 3: Financial Inclusion and the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Part II: Theories of Financial inclusion in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 4: The Beneficiaries Theory of Financial Inclusion and the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 5: The Delivery Agent Theory of Financial Inclusion in The Context of The Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 6: The Funding Theories of Financial Inclusion in the Context of The Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Part III: Reconstructing the Theory of Financial Inclusion: From Traditional Financial Inclusion to Digital Financial Inclusion.- Chapter 7: Digital Financial Inclusion in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 8: The Transition from an Informal Financial Money Market to a Formal Financial System through Digital Financial Inclusion.- Chapter 9: Prospects and Challenges of Digital Financial Inclusion/Fintech Innovation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Part IV: Assessing tools and Impact of Digital Financial Inclusion.- Chapter 10: The Introduction to Poverty in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 11: Channels Through Which Financial Inclusion Reduces Poverty, what is the Role of 4IR Digital Technologies in this Process?.- Chapter 12: The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty from the Classical Theory of Poverty in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 13: The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty from The Neoclassical Theory in The Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 14: The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty: From Keynesian /Liberal Perspective in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 15: Financial Inclusion, and Marxian/Radical Theory of Poverty in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Chapter 16: Financial Inclusion, Social Exclusion, Social Capital, and Psychological Theories of Poverty in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.- Part V: Cases Studies of Digital Financial Inclusion.- Chapter 17: Selected Digital Financial Inclusion Success Stories Across Developing Economies.- Chapter 18: Digital Financial Inclusion, And the Way Forward for Emerging Markets: Towards Sustainable Development.- Chapter 19: The Conclusion of Digital Financial Inclusion: Revisiting Poverty Theories in The Context of The Fourth Industrial Revolution.

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