Development economics Books

Book SynopsisThe authors of this unique volume provide a timely and valuable perspective on how technology and the Internet revolution are changing business and spurring development across the world, especially in emerging countries. Utilizing a framework grounded in rigorous theory, they provide a fine-grained understanding of electronic commerce adoption processes by public and private sector entities in developing countries. In so doing, they consider how each exchange encounter is shaped by, and in turn shapes, relational characteristics that form the basis for growth and development. Using a resource-based view of economies, the authors hypothesize that differences in the adoption of electronic commerce technologies in developing economies can be attributed to a sense-and-respond capability of governments with respect to new technologies, which they term 'technological opportunism'. One of their main objectives is to establish the distinctiveness of technology opportunities from related constructs, such as innovativeness, and show that it offers a significantly better explanation of technology adoption and diffusion than do existing constructs. The book examines a number of developing countries' experiences with electronic government, bringing real life experience to the adoption of an e-government model by looking at the issue from strategic as well as operational perspectives. The volume's ground-breaking research and conclusions will be of great interest to professionals, researchers and students in the areas of e-commerce and economic development; government officials of developing and newly industrialized countries contemplating e-government initiatives; and information technology managers.Trade Review'Business managers in developing countries would find in this volume a solid background to e-commerce at large, and to its significance within a wider framework of a resource-based view of their business and of the national economic settings within which they operate. The book is of special importance to the academic community of Internet students, as well as for those interested in economic development, by providing a pioneering insight into the issue of e-commerce in developing countries which may emerge strongly in the upcoming years.' -- Aharon Kellerman, Growth and Change'Undoubtedly an important contribution. E-commerce is a technology which holds the possibility of levelling the global trading playing field. This book provides a necessary review of current issues in e-commerce in developing economies, and a useful collection of good practice and solid theory for scholars, policymakers and professionals.' -- John Peters, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, UK'This is a road map of some of the challenges governments and companies face, in terms of physical and human infrastructure, as countries wrestle with a rapidly changing commercial environment. As the virtual world conquers ever more of the material world, countries that adapt and adopt to a cyber reality will likely do better. If you are doing business or setting policy in a developing country, you want to understand and address the issues raised in this book.' -- Juan Enriquez, CEO, Biotechonomy, US and author of The Untied States of America and As the Future Catches YouTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Soumitra Dutta 1. Establishing the Context 2. e-Commerce and e-Government: A Review 3. Resource-Based View and Theory 4. Methodology and Development of Hypotheses 5. Data Collection and Empirical Results 6. Where Do We Go From Here? Index

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Book SynopsisIt is clear that the transition to ecologically sustainable patterns of development requires significant institutional change, yet we face a paradox. Although institutions are the primary means of driving reform, they are themselves a root cause of unsustainable development and a barrier to positive change. This volume moves beyond the current debate by advancing our understanding of the nature of institutional change, the features of more appropriate institutional settings, and the manner in which change can be enabled. Institutional Change for Sustainable Development presents a flexible, accessible, yet robust conceptual framework for comprehending institutional dimensions of sustainability, emphasising the complexity of institutional systems, and highlighting the interdependence between policy learning and institutional change. This framework is applied and developed through the analysis of five significant arenas of institutional and policy change: environmental policy in the EU; New Zealand's landmark Resource Management Act; strategic environmental assessment; emerging National Councils for Sustainable Development; and transformative property rights instruments. From these explorations, key principles for institutional change are identified, including the institutional accommodation of a sustainability discourse, the interdependence of normative and institutional change; reiteration and learning; integration in policy and practice; subsidiarity; and legal change.Institutional Change for Sustainable Development will be of interest to researchers, policymakers and practitioners concerned with sustainability, resource management and environmental policy.Trade Review'. . . this book makes an interesting and worthwhile contribution to the ever-expanding body of literature on sustainable development and therefore is to be recommended.' -- Karen Scott, Journal of Environmental Law'. . . this is an essential text for the study of sustainability and institutional change, an invaluable professional development text for the practitioner, and a text to ponder slowly in all its complexities for an academic study of sustainability.' -- Kate Crowley, Australian Journal of Environmental Management'Does the road to sustainable development run through institutional reform or, better yet, institutional learning? In this well-argued book, Robin Connor and Stephen Dovers draw on a range of case studies to demonstrate the critical role that institutions play in determining the course of human-environment relations.' -- Oran R. Young, University of California, Santa Barbara, US'Connor and Dovers correctly argue that achieving sustainability is a long-term process. In this context, they analyze broad institutional innovations toward sustainability to date - from Europe to New Zealand, from sustainability councils to property rights - to suggest how the historical process might be improved and accelerated. This is among the most constructive efforts I have read.' -- Richard B. Norgaard, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Approaching Institutional Change and Policy Learning 1. Conceptions of Institutions and Policy Learning 2. Operationalizing Learning Part II: Case Studies in Institutional Change 3. Environmental Policy in the European Union 4. Sustainable Management of Natural and Physical Resources: The New Zealand Resource Management Act 1991 5. National Councils for Sustainable Development: Experiments in National Policy Development and Integration 6. Strategic Environmental Assessment: Policy Integration as Practice or Possibility? 7. Property Rights Instruments: Transformative Policy Options Part III: Conclusions 8. Principles and Elements of Institutional Change for Sustainable Development References Index

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Book SynopsisThe authors of this book link productivity change, trade competitiveness, networks of interaction and cooperation and income growth in developing Asian countries with the complex evolutionary processes of economic development and international trade. They take an innovative approach to simulating the complex micro-dynamics of competitiveness in order to distinguish those trade-related microeconomic dynamics and institutional reforms vital to leading countries out of institutional and poverty traps.Real competitiveness changes in six countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan and Thailand) are measured from 1991 to 2000 with detailed international export unit value comparisons, to detect structural changes towards technology and knowledge intensive goods in trade patterns. No significant structural change was detected in the six countries during that period. Evolutionary trade theory is presented in two models and is calibrated with transaction and trade data from West Bengal and Nepal. These reveal that lower transport costs - resulting from investment in transport and institutional reforms related to the investment and trade environment - result initially in small productivity differences that can be amplified in a non-linear evolutionary system and eventually lead to a spatial restructuring of the system, and to a structural change in the trade patterns. The models in this path-breaking book can be used to explore the impact of a variety of interventions and policies.Productivity, Competitiveness and Incomes in Asia will be of interest to academics and researchers in Asian Studies, industrial economics, evolutionary economics and international business development. The book will also appeal to policy makers responsible for economic growth.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Violating Traditional Trade Theory, and the Quality Dynamics of Real Competitiveness 3. The Genealogy of Trade Theories, and the Connections of Trade 4. Non-Equilibrium, Spatial Models 5. An Application in West Bengal 6. An Application to Nepal – Impacts from Different Scenarios of Economic Development 7. Trade with Productivity Spill-over, Evolutionary Trade Theory, and Institutional Protection of Productivity References Index

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Book SynopsisKnowledge, Technological Catch-up and Economic Growth investigates the relationship between knowledge diffusion and economic growth. Using a broad definition of knowledge - encompassing technology, production skills, know-how and firm capabilities - the central argument of the book is that the extent of knowledge diffusion is an important determinant of economic growth. Mark Rogers uses both neoclassical and endogenous growth models to construct testable hypotheses in order to gauge whether countries that are good at acquiring and diffusing new knowledge actually do achieve faster economic growth. His empirical analysis uses new data on communications, international business links, and study abroad in order to proxy absorptive capability and to test these hypotheses. Arguing that existing research on the role of knowledge is underdeveloped, the book aims to convince mainstream economists who perceive knowledge as conceptually vague and too difficult to measure, that the role of knowledge can in fact be analysed and quantified. Making new contributions to the understanding of economic growth, this book will appeal to students, researchers, economists and policy makers with a particular interest in economic performance and the growth process, and knowledge management and technology.Trade Review'The literature on economic growth has needed for a long time a simple, but rigorous, textbook exposition of the role of knowledge in the growth process, suitable for undergraduates and policymakers. Mark Rogers's new book provides an excellent introduction, combining clear and succinct theory with up-to-date empirical evidence on this important topic.' -- - A.P. Thirlwall, University of Kent, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Knowledge in Neoclassical Growth Models 3. Knowledge in Endogenous Growth Models 4. Modelling Technological Catch-up 5. Imitation and Growth 6. The Empirical Analysis of Economic Growth: An Overview 7. Technological Catch-up and Convergence in Empirical Analysis 8. Study Abroad and Economic Growth 9. Communications and Economic Growth 10. International Business Links and Economic Growth 11. Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn this book, Robert Boyer follows the origins, course and collapse of the 'new economy' and proposes a new interpretation of US dynamism during the 1990s. He argues that the diffusion of information and communication technologies is only part of a story that also requires understanding of the transformation of the financial system, the reorganization of the management of firms and the emergence of a new policy mix. The book includes a long-term retrospective analysis of technological innovation, and an international comparison of OECD countries delivers an unconventional and critical assessment of the hope and the hype of the 'new economy'. The book proposes that the US way is not necessarily the only efficient one, as demonstrated by the experience of the Nordic countries, which manage to combine economic efficiency with social justice. The author argues that European economies would do well to take note and to explore a promising growth regime for the twenty-first century, one built upon health, education, training and leisure, this comprising the 'anthropogenetic model'.The Future of Economic Growth is a challenging and thought-provoking book, and as such will be of interest to many academics, researchers and students within the field of economics. It will be particularly relevant to those with an interest in macroeconomics, industrial organisation and the theory of the firm, and growth theory.Trade Review'The work is thought provoking in its analytical part and is also stimulating in its normative-political end, which advocates an institutional architecture wherein growth in a knowledge-based economy could be driven by collective services such as health and education. . . a challenging interpretation of the contemporary political economy.' -- Giovanni Dosi, Journal of Economic Literature'How significant was the internet boom and bust? Robert Boyer brings significant and fresh insight to efforts to situate the meaning of the digital transformation through which we are living. With analytic discipline and historical perspective, Boyer provides an important interpretation that will be valuable to scholar and teacher, those just curious about the internet development and those who lived through it.' -- John Zysman, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. A Social Construct and an Analytical Challenge 2. Microeconomic Instability and an Uncertain Organizational Model 3. A Growth Regime Driven by Information and Communications Technology? 4. Genealogy of the ‘New Economy’: The Institutional Change at the Heart of the US Trajectory 5. The Geography of the ‘New Economy’: The Diversity of Institutional Architectures 6. 2000–2002: Reassessing the Potential of ICT-driven Growth 7. The Long-term Historical Outlook after the Internet Bubble 8. The Emergence of an Anthropogenetic Model 9. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn this book, Robert Boyer follows the origins, course and collapse of the 'new economy' and proposes a new interpretation of US dynamism during the 1990s. He argues that the diffusion of information and communication technologies is only part of a story that also requires understanding of the transformation of the financial system, the reorganization of the management of firms and the emergence of a new policy mix. The book includes a long-term retrospective analysis of technological innovation, and an international comparison of OECD countries delivers an unconventional and critical assessment of the hope and the hype of the 'new economy'. The book proposes that the US way is not necessarily the only efficient one, as demonstrated by the experience of the Nordic countries, which manage to combine economic efficiency with social justice. The author argues that European economies would do well to take note and to explore a promising growth regime for the twenty-first century, one built upon health, education, training and leisure, this comprising the 'anthropogenetic model'.The Future of Economic Growth is a challenging and thought-provoking book, and as such will be of interest to many academics, researchers and students within the field of economics. It will be particularly relevant to those with an interest in macroeconomics, industrial organisation and the theory of the firm, and growth theory.Trade Review'The work is thought provoking in its analytical part and is also stimulating in its normative-political end, which advocates an institutional architecture wherein growth in a knowledge-based economy could be driven by collective services such as health and education. . . a challenging interpretation of the contemporary political economy.' -- Giovanni Dosi, Journal of Economic Literature'How significant was the internet boom and bust? Robert Boyer brings significant and fresh insight to efforts to situate the meaning of the digital transformation through which we are living. With analytic discipline and historical perspective, Boyer provides an important interpretation that will be valuable to scholar and teacher, those just curious about the internet development and those who lived through it.' -- John Zysman, University of California, Berkeley, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. A Social Construct and an Analytical Challenge 2. Microeconomic Instability and an Uncertain Organizational Model 3. A Growth Regime Driven by Information and Communications Technology? 4. Genealogy of the ‘New Economy’: The Institutional Change at the Heart of the US Trajectory 5. The Geography of the ‘New Economy’: The Diversity of Institutional Architectures 6. 2000–2002: Reassessing the Potential of ICT-driven Growth 7. The Long-term Historical Outlook after the Internet Bubble 8. The Emergence of an Anthropogenetic Model 9. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis text provides a comprehensive introduction to the many different issues related to the Sisyphean task of building science and technology capabilities in developing countries. It attempts to answer crucial questions including: how can knowledge be utilized to improve the human condition, and how can we bridge the growing knowledge divide between those who produce and use modern science and technology - and those who do not?Francisco Sagasti examines the complex interactions between science, technology and development through history, explores how capabilities in these areas are created in different countries and places the role of international co-operation in perspective. The book then introduces a 'science and technology capability index' to rank countries, analyses the policy implications of the place they occupy, and summarizes the experience of developing countries in formulating science and technology policies. It concludes with a review of important lessons for the future. This highly innovative and original work will strongly appeal to academics, policymakers, development practitioners and students interested in the role of knowledge and innovation in contemporary society, and in the disparities between developed and developing countries.Trade Review'Francisco Sagasti is both a deep scholar and a policy analyst of exceptional practical significance. From his work at the World Bank to the Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government, to his intellectual leadership in Peru, he has made a steady flow of valuable contributions. He has extraordinary understanding of the relevance of knowledge, skill, and freedom for socioeconomic development. This book is a treasure.' -- David A. Hamburg, President Emeritus, Carnegie Corporation of New York and Cornell University Weill Medical College, US'A landmark study that will inspire practitioners as much as it will inspire further research on the role of technology in economic change. A powerful reminder to policymakers on the importance of creativity as a source of economic renewal.' -- Calestous Juma, Harvard University, US'Knowledge and Innovation for Development is a splendid piece of scholarship, which no-one else could possibly have written. It brings together an astonishing array of writers and ideas and it is beautifully written.' -- Rodger Schwass, York University, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction 1. Knowledge, Technology and Production: A Conceptual Framework 2. A Brief Historical Perspective 3. The Knowledge Explosion and its Manifestations 4. The Knowledge Divide and Disparities in Developing Country Capacities 5. Strategies and Policies for Building an Endogenous Science and Technology Base Concluding Remarks Appendix 1: Comparison between the Science and Technology Capacity Index and Other Indexes Appendix 2: Science, Technology and Development: The Imperative of Social Innovation Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates how individual firms in developing countries undertake technological learning and capability building (TCB) efforts and explains why some developing country firms are world-class and others struggle with these important processes.The study concludes that it is internal competencies, such as the ability to manage strategic change and develop coherent systems that enable firms in developing countries to effectively navigate technological frontiers, the network of global suppliers and weak national innovation systems. In particular, the ability to strike a strategic balance between developing a diverse range of internal learning routines and managing boundary assets over which they have only partial control is found to be of importance. The conceptual framework developed for this study - the TCB system approach - draws on a number of intellectual traditions, including organizational development, strategic management, innovation studies, development studies and evolutionary theory of the firm. Conclusions are drawn using this approach to perform a detailed cross-sectional analysis of technological learning in a sample of 26 telecommunication operating companies in Uganda, Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa. By focusing on firms in the services sector, rather than in manufacturing, the study covers an area that is under researched and identifies many distinctive features of the capability building process. It is also able to offer insights on how the majority of firms in developing countries should cope with the challenges of speed and complexity of technological change even when they are not aiming to generate radical innovations at the frontier.Technological Learning will be of great interest to a wide-ranging audience, including science and technology academics, scholars and policy makers in developing countries, telecommunications managers and executives, and organisational management scholars focusing on developing country issues.Trade Review'. . . Marcelle's integrative approach, amalgamating various schools of thought and adapting to them; assessing endogenous and exogenous factors; and using a mixture of quantitative analysis to substantiate her claims, offers academics, policymakers and business leaders interested in development, technology, industries, organizational learning and boundary relations, a rigorous, comprehensive study with a refreshing, insightful point of view.' -- Alexandra Mallett, Progress in Development StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. The TCB System Approach 3. A Quantitative Exploration of Technological Learning 4. Management, Culture and Leadership for Learning 5. Managing Supplier Relationships 6. Role of the Innovation System 7. Strategic Balance Appendices References Index

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Book SynopsisMany countries and regions are actively promoting high technology industries as a means of stimulating the economy. The authors point out that these efforts are not only encouraging economic development, but they also reduce an economy's vulnerability to the negative consequences of world trade. By weaving together the fields of health economics, industrial organisation and industrial development, this book describes the benefits of promoting a country's health industry as a way of stimulating its high-technology industrial capacity. The authors illustrate that the development of a country's health industry not only improves the country's health status, but also promotes an industry with relatively stable, high-wage employment, creates the potential for exporting goods and services, and produces scientific spillovers that will favourably impact other high-technology industries.Health Policy and High-Tech Industrial Development will be of great interest to health policy analysts by showing that health policies have broader implications than merely affecting health systems. Health economists should consider the advantages of viewing a country's health system not only as a unique industry that produces both health care and high-technology goods and services, but that also possesses the ability to stimulate development of a broader array of high-technology industries. Development and industrial economists and policymakers will also see the health sector from this different and innovative perspective.Table of ContentsContents: Part I: An Overview Introduction: Why Apply Industrial Policy to the Health Industry? 1. The Health Industry Model: New Roles for the Health Industry Part II: The Macro View 2. Healthy Governance: Economic Policy and the Health Industry Model 3. Control, Competition and Co-operation in European Health Systems: Points of Contact Between Health Policy and Industrial Policy 4. A Hedonic Model of Pricing of Innovative Pharmaceuticals Part III: The Micro View 5. Recent Developments in Universities Regarding Intellectual Capital and Intellectual Property 6. Intangible Assets in the European Health Industry: The Case of the Pharmaceutical Sector 7. Benchmarking Hospital Costs in the UK: Increasing Efficiency and Driving Innovation in the Healthcare Industry? Part IV: The Intermediate View 8. The Geography of Intangibles: The Case of the Health Industry 9. Clustering in the Biotechnology Industry 10. Spillovers of University–High-Tech Industry Alliances 11. Multinational Enterprises and High-Tech Clusters in the Health Industry: Some Preliminary Results in Italy 12. High-Technology Clusters in France: Two Unusual Models – An Empirical Study Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a balanced presentation of international trends in infrastructure regulation and financing. Based on recent developments in microeconomic theory, it comprehensively discusses the role of the state and the private sector in infrastructure provision. As well as a thorough overview of the relevant theoretical issues, the authors carefully examine national experiences of private participation in infrastructure. In particular, they explore sectoral restructuring in the electricity, telecommunications, water and transport sectors. The book includes case studies from both Argentina and the UK, and places a particular focus on Germany which, for a developed country, is a peculiar latecomer in terms of infrastructure sector reform.Well argued and rich in new insights, this book offers a meticulous and informative analysis of current trends in infrastructure privatization and deregulation. Among the authors are well-known specialists as well as younger researchers who provide a fresh perspective on the issue. The book will be of interest and relevance to researchers, academics, policymakers and international organizations interested in regulation and the modernization of infrastructure both in developed and developing countries.Trade Review'Germany has started late with the deregulation and privatization of its infrastructure networks. This volume helps to clear a pathway to new regimes for the provision and procurement of infrastructure networks to increase efficiency and fairness for the benefit of users and society alike.' -- Werner Rothengatter, University of Karlsruhe and Institute for Economic Policy Research, Germany and President of the World Conference for Transport Research Society'Trends in Infrastructure Regulation and Financing covers a broad range of current issues of relevance, in theory as well as in policy and its application, including examples from the transport, electricity, water and telecommunications industries.' -- Jon Stern, Regulation Initiative, London Business School, and NERA, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Part I: Theoretical and Cross-Sectional Issues 2. Deregulation in Network Industries: A Policy in Search of a Rationale? 3. The Contestable Markets Theory: Efficient Advice for Economic Policy 4. Predatory Pricing in Liberalized Telecommunications Markets 5. Rating of Infrastructure Projects According to Basel II Part II: Infrastructure Policies in Germany: The Gradual Awakening 6. Private Participation in German Infrastructure Provision: Better Late than Never 7. Private Infrastructure Financing: The Case of Terminal Two at Munich Airport 8. Ex-ante vs. Ex-post Regulation in the German Railway Sector 9. Comparable Cost Calculation for Road and Rail Infrastructure 10. Innovations, Sustainability and Efficiency in the German Water Sector: How to Push the Tanker into the Right Direction? Part III: International Case Studies: The UK and Argentina 11. Private Financing of Transport Infrastructure: Some UK Experience 12. Argentina’s 1990s’ Utilities Privatization: Cure or Disease? Part IV: Sectoral Case Studies from the Electricity Sector 13. Governance Mechanisms for the Electricity Market in Argentina: Critical Analysis and International Comparison 14. Electricity Network Regulation: Practical Implementation in the Nordic Countries 15. Cross-subsidies in Russian Electric Power Tariffs: Not as Bad as their Reputation Index

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Book SynopsisThis book reveals significant lessons on how economic prosperity was secured for people over three decades in eight Asian countries. It focusses on the careful way in which these nations designed and implemented pro-growth, liberal economic and financial policies. A new phenomenon - namely financial fragility - in the more liberalised fast growth Asian economies is also examined.The authors explore why only some of the early reformers among China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, and Thailand succumbed to a serious financial crisis in 1997 whilst others did not. They also analyse the impact of policies implemented by the crisis-hit economies, either under the IMF restructuring programs or independent pursuit of capital and currency controls. The book goes on to identify the weaknesses of the banking sector in order to explain the reasons behind the financial crisis. The book concludes with lessons for other emerging economies undertaking economic and financial development through liberalization. These examples reveal policies that could be prescribed in order to prevent future problems. Focusing on post-crisis reforms and their policy impacts, and on post-crisis evaluation of restructuring implemented in the financial sector, this book will appeal to academics and those with specific interests in Asian studies and/or banking and finance. Policymakers - in particular those at central banks and treasuries, along with professionals in financial institutions and multinational firms, will find the book to be a fascinating read.Trade Review'The book is well written and documented. It has assembled a large quantity of valuable data and provides objective and cogent analyses. . . the book is a significant contribution to Asian economic studies.' -- Chu-yuan Cheng, Comparative Economic Studies'. . . a potentially valuable resource for a geographic approach to the study of economic growth and development in Asia.' -- S.J. Gabriel, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Hal Hill Preface 1. Liberalization: Asia’s New-Found Development Strategy 2. Asian Financial Markets: From Crisis to Recoveries 3. China: A Command Economy Responding Well to Market Signals for a Long While Now 4. India: More than a Decade of Liberalization, Yet Not Fast Enough 5. Indonesia: Liberalization Amidst Exchange Rate and Now Growing Political Stability 6. South Korea: A Case of Capital Account Liberalization, Growth Collapse and Reforms to Recovery 7. Malaysia: Liberalization under Exchange and Capital Controls 8. Pakistan: Liberalization with Internal and External Shocks 9. Singapore: Continual Reforms to Maintain Financial Centre Status 10. Thailand: Open External Sector, Exposed Financial Sector 11. Lessons for Development through Liberalization Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisToday, the study of regions is central to academic analysis and policy deliberation on how to respond to the rise of the knowledge economy. Regional Economies as Knowledge Laboratories illustrates how newer types of regional analysis - utilising scientometrics, knowledge services measures and university networks, and concepts such as knowledge life cycles, experimental knowledge creation, and knowledge ethics - are leading to a perception that regional economies increasingly resemble knowledge laboratories. In addition to these measures and concepts, the book features case studies and assessments of policies implemented to facilitate regional engagement with the knowledge economy, and a critique of 'knowledge economy' as ideology. The importance of maintaining a balanced perspective in assessing the depth and reach of the role of knowledge in the market economy is also examined.Aiming to contribute to the better understanding of theories and practices associated with knowledge regions, this book will appeal to a wide ranging audience, including regional and industrial economists, innovation scientists, academics and practitioners with an interest in knowledge and management organisation, regional scientists, economic geographers, and economic sociologists.Trade Review'The book covers a large variety of topics related to regional economies and knowledge economies. An important merit of this book is the use of case studies of regions and firms to illustrate arguments. . . The book will be very instructive for students as well as researchers interested in regional economics, policy makers and regional planners.' -- Valerien O. Pede, Papers in Regional Science'The book offers useful insights to readers interested in regional economic development from either a theoretical or applied standpoint. Most importantly, it provides a number of empirical examples that reach beyond the well-documented list of "usual suspects" (e.g. Silicon Valley, etc.) and shows how policymakers in a wide range of regional and national settings have responded to the challenges of regional economic development in the knowledge economy.' -- Tara Vinodrai, Journal of Regional Science'The book is a very useful contribution to the literature on a subject that is becoming increasingly popular. . . Despite the welter of related academic articles in this general area of discipline, there has been remarkably little that attempts to bring the different levels of academic analysis together to provide some coherent, underpinning theory for the view that regional economies can be manipulated, or experimented with, utilising knowledge management as a development strategy, so the book deserves to be well consulted on this aspect alone.' -- Economic Geography Research Group'. . . the book is an accessible and valuable addition to the debate. Balanced with a discussion of the theoretical conception of the knowledge economy is a strong use of international case studies, which makes the book an informative read for anyone interested in the knowledge economy.' -- Jessica Barker, Town Planning ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: The Scale Question in Knowledge Creation, Capture and Commercialization 1. Strategic Adaptation to the Knowledge Economy in Less Favoured Regions: A South Ostrobothnian University Network as a Case in Point 2. Higher Education and High Intellectual Unemployment: Does Education Matter? An Interpretation and Some Critical Perspectives 3. The Geography of Research Collaboration: Theoretical Considerations and Stylized Facts in Biotechnology in Europe and the United States 4. Knowledge Intensive Business Services and Regional Development: Consultancy in City Regions in Norway 5. The Cluster as a Nexus of Knowledge Creation 6. Knowledge Life Cycles Inside Local Economic Systems 7. High-Tech Industry Clustering Rationales: The Case of German Biotechnology 8. Industry–Science Relationships as Enhancing Regional Knowledge Economies: A Comparative Perspective from Japan and the UK 9. Placing Ireland’s Transition to a Knowledge Economy within a Global Context 10. The Spatial Dimension of Inter-Firm Learning: Case Study and Conceptualization 11. Knowledge, Values and Territory: A Case Study 12. The ‘Knowledge Economy’: A Critical View 13. Conclusions: Regional Economies as Knowledge Laboratories: Theories, Fashions and Future Steps Index

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Book SynopsisThis timely and much-needed Handbook reconsiders an old topic from a fresh perspective, raising a number of new, interesting and worthwhile issues in the wake of ten years of globalization. This comprehensive analysis illustrates that old-style industrial policies whereby the government directly intervened in markets, and was often the producer itself, are no longer relevant. Structural changes occurring in economies - summarized in the term 'globalization' - are triggering the definition and implementation of new industrial policies. The contributors, leading experts in their field, unite to evaluate this shift of over a decade ago. Employing various empirical and methodological approaches with a strong theoretical underpinning, this world-wide study of the state-of-the-art of industrial policy issues is an invaluable reference tool. It has been enthusiastically received by a wide-ranging audience including scholars, researchers and policy makers with an interest in industrial economics and policy, business studies and policies for growth, competitiveness and development.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Patrizio Bianchi and Sandrine Labory PART I: INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE 1. From ‘Old’ Industrial Policy to ‘New’ Industrial Development Policies Patrizio Bianchi and Sandrine Labory 2. Emerging Issues in the New Economy and Globalization Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella 3. European Industrial Policy Jacques Pelkmans 4. Industrial Policy in Developing Countries: What Can We Learn from East Asia? Sanjaya Lall 5. Do Informational Service Activities Translate into New Industrial Policy Requirements? Jacques De Bandt PART II: COMPETITION AND REGULATORY ISSUES 6. Competition Policy and Innovation Jochen Lorentzen and Peter Møllgaard 7. State Aid to Business Stephen Martin and Paola Valbonesi 8. Mergers and Concentration Policy Hans Schenk 9. Liberalization and Regulation of Public Utility Sectors: Theories and Practice Tom Björkroth, Sonja Grönblom and Johan Willner 10. State-Owned Enterprises, Privatization and Industrial Policy Andrea Goldstein PART III: RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION 11. Intellectual Property Rights and Market Dynamics Fabrizio Cesaroni and Paola Giuri 12. New Approaches to Intellectual Protection: From Open Software to Knowledge-based Industrial Activities Nicolas Jullien and Jean-Benoît Zimmermann 13. Science-based Industries and Spin-offs Marco Giarratana and Salvatore Torrisi 14. Science Parks and High-Tech Clustering Jan Annerstedt 15. Technology Policy and Social Policy: How Industrial Policy Applies to Health Daniele Paci and Stuart O. Schweitzer PART IV: TERRITORY, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SMALL FIRMS 16. Decentralizing Industrial Policies: Threat or Opportunity in Developing Countries? Leandro Sepulveda and Ash Amin 17. The Local Dimensions of Industrial Policy Marco Bellandi and Marco Di Tommaso 18. Business Support Policies Nicola Bellini 19. Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Policies in Europe, Latin America and Asia Patrizio Bianchi, Sandrine Labory, Daniele Paci and Mario Davide Parrilli PART V: THE USE OF GAME THEORY IN INDUSTRIAL POLICY ANALYSIS 20. The Genesis of Game Theory and its Role in Industrial Economics Luca Lambertini 21. Differential Game-Theoretical Analysis and Industrial Policy Roberto Cellini and Luca Lambertini PART VI: PARTICULAR VIEWS 22. Industrial Policy: Perspectives, Experience, Issues Christos N. Pitelis Index

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Book SynopsisThis book analyzes the links between globalization and equity from the perspectives of seven regions: the Commonwealth of Independent States, East Asia and South Asia, Eastern and Central Europe, Latin America, the Middle East and North Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It presents the views of researchers from the developing world, voices that are seldom heard in the ongoing debate on globalization, and provides models of successful research conducted in developing and transition countries, thus promoting homegrown expertise.The contributions from different regions reflect their disparate experiences and represent diverse positions on globalization and equity. Nevertheless, they reveal a fledgling consensus on the benefits of the developing world's entry into a global universe and the necessity for prudent adjustment to the perils of this endeavor.Academics interested in the political economy and development studies as well as policy-oriented researchers and policymakers concerned with the challenges entailed by globalization will find Globalization and Equity of great interest.Trade Review'In bringing together seven regional studies by economists from the Global Development Network, Natalia Dinello and Lyn Squire provide an insightful perspective on the relationships between globalization and equity. The topic is important, but too often has been oversimplified and viewed through western lenses. Complexity does not preclude strong conclusions, dubbed the Cairo Consensus here, but its analysis is helped by the mix of expertise and local knowledge embodied in this book.' -- Richard Pomfret, University of Adelaide, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Globalization and Equity: Cutting Through the Confusion 2. Globalization and Inequality in the Arab Region 3. Sub-Saharan Africa: The Myth and the Reality 4. Economic Globalization and Equity in East Asia 5. Globalization, Equity and Poverty: The South Asian Experience 6. Institutions and the Commonwealth of Independent States 7. Transition, Globalization and Equity: Eastern and Central Europe 8. Globalization and Equity: A Latin American Perspective Index

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Book SynopsisIn a shrinking and increasingly globalised world, it is vital for any entrepreneur to carefully select the location at which production or other economic activities will occur. This book provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial behaviour in a spatial context, and links it to important new fields in economics such as endogenous growth theory, the new economic geography and evolutionary theory. Although most of the literature to date has failed to study the geographic element of entrepreneurship, this book redresses the balance by examining the spatial variation in entrepreneurial activity and the implications of this for regional policy. The authors provide an in-depth analysis of the role of the entrepreneur in fostering economic development, document the most important recent theoretical and empirical developments, and explain the reasons why some regions grow whereas others stagnate. They also present a number of empirical analyses including case studies from the manufacturing and ICT sectors, as well as an examination of the role of university-based knowledge transfer and entrepreneurial behaviour. Throughout the book, the role of knowledge, knowledge transmission and knowledge spillovers are considered as they relate to entrepreneurial activity and location decisions. This book presents many important new findings on the relationship between entrepreneurship, agglomeration and economic growth. It will make a substantial addition to the literature and will be essential reading for regional economists, geographers, business and management analysts, and development practitioners and policymakers.Trade Review'This is a book with several excellent and interesting contributions on spatial aspects of entrepreneurship and economic growth.' -- Hans Westlund, Papers in Regional Science'This is a most welcome volume of collected papers addressing a topic that has grown in importance in the recent past. . . This is an excellent collection of papers and while readers will not agree with all that is written there is plenty to provoke discussion and add to knowledge.' -- Geoff Whittam, Journal of Regional Science'Entrepreneurship had been high on the jobs growth and economic development agendas for many years and this edited book makes an important and timely contribution to the debate. . . the book is nicely poised to bring together space, innovation and economic growth linked together with entrepreneurship. . . This book provides an excellent and worthwhile insight into many of the issues with many contributions that significantly add to our understanding of entrepreneurship and regional development.' -- Ronald W. McQuaid, Growth & ChangeTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Part I: Entrepreneurship and Economic Development 2. Firm Behaviour and Organisation from an Evolutionary Perspective 3. The Roles of Entrepreneurship in Economic Growth: Toward a Theory of Total Factor Productivity 4. Technocapitalism and the New Ecology of Entrepreneurship Part II: Spatial Variation in Drivers of Economic Development 5. Spatial Variation in Social Capital Among UK Small and Medium-sized Enterprises 6. The Institutionalization and Endogenization of Venture Capital: A Regional Analysis of Northern Virginia in the 1990s 7. Human Capital and Regional Socio-economic Performance: Differential Patterns Across Australia’s Cities and Towns Part III: Empirical Case Studies 8. A Knowledge-based View on Innovation in Regional Networks: The Case of the KIC Project 9. The Role of Collective Learning in ICT Adoption and Use 10. Industrial Clusters and Regional Development: A Transactions-Costs Perspective on the Semiconductor Industry 11. Academic Knowledge and Fostering Entrepreneurship: An Evolutionary Perspective Part IV: Theoretical Approaches 12. Location of Engineering and Designer Services in the Information Economy 13. Firm Dynamics and Self-organised Criticality 14. Knowledge, Capital Formation and Innovation Behaviour in a Spatial Context Index

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Book SynopsisThe Record of Global Economic Development analyses the long-term and current economic forces which promote or impede globalisation, drawing on the experience of economic history to help interpret major trends in modern economies.Eric Jones brings up-to-date the debate on the origins of, and suitable conditions for, economic growth and discusses themes relating to cultural, institutional and structural change. He rejects cultural explanations of economic growth and emphasises the institutional and political conditions that support it. An account of long-term world agriculture is followed by a brief history of English agriculture and a critique of the latest arguments for preserving it. Other topics considered include language protectionism, East Asia's 'miracle' and crisis, and specific attempts to adjust to or resist globalisation.A broad range of geographical as well as historical examples relating to England, Europe, East Asia and Australia, is drawn on. This multidisciplinary work will appeal to a wide readership, including institutional economists, economic historians, sociologists, political scientists, historians and historical geographers.Trade Review‘The Record of Global Economic Development is vintage Eric Jones. It is readable, fascinating and convincing. Indeed, it should be required reading for all development economists, as well as for students of economic growth and of how the modem world economy came into being.' -- Stuart Jones, The South African Journal of Economic History'The volume is a fascinating read because disparate topics on social and economic change are linked by this consistent theme.' -- David Robertson, Policy'The Record of Global Economic Development is an impressive work, rich with ideas and breathtaking in scope. Its knowledgeable and seemingly effortless coverage of a wide variety of subjects alone is a mark of the imposing scholarship embodied in it. It deserves to be widely read.' -- Gary B. Magee, Economic Record'This is an ambitious book by one of the world's leading economic historians.' -- Russell Smyth, Economic Analysis and PolicyTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Long-Term Economic Development 1. Very Long-term Economic Growth and its Implications 2. Environment, State and Economic Development in the History of Europe and Asia 3. The European Miracle and its Relevance 4. World Agriculture in the Very Long Term Part II: Protectionism 5. Multifunctionality: The Experience of English Farming 6. The Costs of Language Diversity Part III: East Asian Development 7. The Ultimate Significance of East Asian Development 8. The East Asian Crisis in Context 9. ‘Asian Values’ and Cultural Explanations of Economic Change Part IV: Adjusting to Global Change 10. Making Business Competitive: The Australian Experience 11. The Case for Supermarkets: The Australian Experience 12. Global Integration and Global Prospects Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisDo political decentralisation and inter state competition favour innovation and growth? There has long been a lively debate surrounding this question, going back to David Hume and Immanuel Kant. This book is a new attempt to test its veracity. The existing literature tends to assume that the beneficial effects of inter state competition have been confined to European history. By contrast, China, India and the Islamic Middle East are regarded as inherently imperial and overcentralised. However, these civilisations have not always been unified politically. In their history, there have been long spells of decentralised rule or inter state competition. The same is true for Japan. If the Hume-Kant hypothesis is correct, it should also apply to those periods. This volume analyses the qualitative and quantitative evidence. The authors comprise eminent historians, sociologists, economists and socio-psychologists and the resulting book is a truly interdisciplinary enterprise. Addressing a wide readership, this book will hold strong appeal for scholars and researchers of general, Asian and economic history, political economy, political science and sociology.Trade Review'It is impossible for the arts and sciences to arise, at first, among any people unless that people enjoy the blessing of a free government. . . Nothing is more favourable to the rise of politeness and learning than a number of neighbouring and independent states, connected together by commerce and policy. . . Where a number of neighbouring states have great intercourse of arts and commerce, their mutual jealousy keeps them from receiving too lightly the law from each other, in matters of taste and of reasoning, and makes them examine every work of art with the greatest care and accuracy.' -- David Hume, 1742'Now that the States are already in the present day involved in such close relations with each other that none of them can pause or slacken its internal civilization with out losing power and influence in relation to the rest. . . Civil liberty cannot now be easily assailed without inflicting such damage as will be felt in all trades and industries, and especially in commerce; and this would entail a diminution of the powers of the State in external relations. . . And thus it is that, notwithstanding the intrusion of many a delusion and caprice, the spirit of enlightenment gradually arises as a great good which the human race must derive even from the selfish purposes of aggrandizement on the part of its rulers, if they understand what is for their own advantage.' -- Immanuel Kant, 1784Table of ContentsContents: Foreword by Eric Jones 1. Introduction and Overview 2. The Political Pattern of Historical Creativity: A Theoretical Case 3. Creative Clusters, Political Fragmentation and Cultural Heterogeneity: An Investigative Journey through Civilizations East and West 4. Lessons from the History of Imperial China 5. Advantages of Centralized and Decentralized Rule in Japan 6. India 7. Islamic Statecraft and the Middle East’s Delayed Modernization Index

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Book SynopsisExamining the issues facing smaller regions and countries, John de la Mothe explores how innovation, strategy and interdependence shape their performance, competition, and futures.Innovation and interdependence are central elements of advanced and advancing economies. In our globalized world, the production of knowledge is continually evolving. This is reflected in the design of institutions and in the results on the standards of living that are achieved and sustained. It also implies new forms of competition. Increasingly, smaller countries, regions and cities that do not fit into traditional theories of growth are becoming leaders in technology-intensive products and quick followers in innovative practices. Often heavily committed to large emerging economic markets (such as China and India) and political hegemons (such as Germany, Japan, and the United States), smaller nations, regions and cities are playing an almost unprecedented role in the shape of things to come. By examining the texture of the new economy, paths to constructing advantage, and aspects of the cultures that lead to the new economy, this book provides a valuable and essential guide to scholars, policymakers, strategists and students.Trade Review'. . . an interesting and scholarly volume that draws upon a range of disciplines to give an authoritative account of the innovative process. It represents a valuable information source for teachers and students of regional studies, economic policy and business economics.' -- Economic Outlook and Business Review'Overall, Innovation Strategies in Interdependent States provides an all-encompassing examination of what has become a critical issue for policy makers, firms, educational institutions, and labor. . . this book is a welcome addition to geographical studies of the innovation process.' -- Ronald V. Kalafsky, Growth & Change'John de la Mothe's essays capture the essence of the new innovation-led economy. He skillfully incorporates a breadth of perspectives and disciplines (sociology, political science, economics, geography, organizational behavior) describing the central role knowledge, interdependence and institutions play in the innovation process. Throughout his essays that touch on innovation policy recommendations, Canada is a central focus, but he successfully incorporates the problems and opportunities associated with other small economies in both developing and developed countries. His focus on cities as a main driver of innovation is gaining increasing importance in the academic literature of today.' -- Clifford Wymbs, Baruch College, CUNY, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: Innovation in an Age of Interdependence Part I: The Texture of the New Economy 2. The New Competition 3. Some Economic Consequences of Knowledge 4. Technology, Trade and Investment in Interdependent Economies 5. Innovation, Institutions and International Development 6. The Institutional Governance of Innovation 7. Capacities and Priorities in Innovation Part II: Constructing Advantage in the New Economy 8. Interdependence and National Systems of Innovation 9. Transitional Systems of Innovation 10. Learning in Local Systems of Innovation 11. Constructing Advantage in Smaller Regions 12. Constructing Advantages in Cities 13. Lessons from Cities and Smaller Nations Part III: Cultures of the New Economy 14. Innovation, Globalization and the Challenges to Science and Technology Policy 15. Innovation, Science and Priorities in Open Societies 16. Innovation and Interdependence in the New Republic of Knowledge 17. Conclusion: The Embedded Culture of Innovation Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis wide-ranging collection approaches innovation and development with a focus upon the developing world and includes a number of articles from eminent scholars in developing countries. With papers ranging from 1973, the book provides an authoritative account of how thinking has evolved in this area. It provides a firm theoretical foundation in innovation systems, processes, institutions and policies from the perspective of developing countries. Topics include capacity building, learning, industrial development, agricultural innovation and sustainable development. The collection will provide a valuable reference to new students, postgraduates and professional economists seeking to broaden and deepen their knowledge of development and innovation in the developing world.Trade Review'This collection fills a void in the innovation studies literature where most attention has been given to understanding innovation-led development in industrialized nations. . . Mytelka's book is an impressive and generally successful attempt to introduce seminal scholarship in the area of innovation and economic development in developing countries into the mainstream innovation studies literature. Consequently, it is certainly a must-read volume for academics and practitioners alike who are interested in learning about innovation systems and innovation policymaking in developing regions.' -- Naubahar Sharif, Science and Public PolicyTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Lynn K. Mytelka PART I LEARNING, CAPACITY BUILDING AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Francisco R. Sagasti (1973), ‘Underdevelopment, Science and Technology: The Point of View of the Underdeveloped Countries’ 2. Carlota Perez (1988), ‘New Technologies and Development’ 3. Sanjaya Lall (1992), ‘Technological Capabilities and Industrialization’ 4. Martin Bell and Keith Pavitt (1993), ‘Technological Accumulation and Industrial Growth: Contrast Between Developed and Developing Countries’ 5. Lynn K. Mytelka (2004), ‘Catching Up in New Wave Technologies’ PART II INNOVATION SYSTEMS 6. Christopher Freeman (1988), ‘Japan: A New National System of Innovation?’ 7. Bengt-Åke Lundvall, Björn Johnson, Esben Sloth Andersen and Bent Dalum (2002), ‘National Systems of Production, Innovation and Competence Building’ 8. Lynn K. Mytelka (2000), ‘Local Systems of Innovation in a Globalized World Economy’ 9. Norman Clark (2002), ‘Innovation Systems, Institutional Change and the New Knowledge Market: Implications for Third World Agricultural Development’ PART III INSTITUTIONS, POLICIES AND INNOVATION 10. Amilcar Herrera (1973), ‘Social Determinants of Science in Latin America: Explicit Science Policy and Implicit Science Policy’ 11. Stan Metcalfe (1997), ‘Technology Systems and Technology Policy in an Evolutionary Framework’ 12. Ha-Joon Chang and Ali Cheema (2002), ‘Conditions for Successful Technology Policy in Developing Countries – Learning Rents, State Structures, and Institutions’ 13. Mario Cimoli and Jorge Katz (2003), ‘Structural Reforms, Technological Gaps and Economic Development: A Latin American Perspective’ 14. Meng-Chun Liu (2002), ‘Determinants of Taiwan’s Trade Liberalization: The Case of a Newly Industrialized Country’ PART IV KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS, INNOVATION AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT 15. Trevor M.A. Farrell (1979), ‘A Tale of Two Issues: Nationalization, the Transfer of Technology and the Petroleum Multinationals in Trinidad-Tobago’ 16. Gary Gereffi (1999), ‘International Trade and Industrial Upgrading in the Apparel Commodity Chain’ 17. Martin Bell and Michael Albu (1999), ‘Knowledge Systems and Technological Dynamism in Industrial Clusters in Developing Countries’ 18. Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka (2003), ‘Knowledge Networks and Technological Capabilities in the African Manufacturing Cluster’ 19. Rajah Rasiah (1996), ‘Innovation and Institution: Moving Towards the Technological Frontier in the Electronics Industry in Malaysia’ PART V AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 20. René Kemp and Luc Soete (1992), ‘The Greening of Technological Progress. An Evolutionary Perspective’ 21. Robin Cowan and Philip Gunby (1996), ‘Sprayed to Death: Path Dependence, Lock-in and Pest Control Strategies’ 22. Kevin C. Urama and Ian Hodge (2004), ‘Irrigation Externalities and Agricultural Sustainability in South-eastern Nigeria’ 23. Kojo Sebastian Amanor (1994), ‘Ecological Knowledge and the Regional Economy: Environmental Management in the Asesewa District of Ghana’ 24. Andrew Hall, Geoffrey Bockett, Sarah Taylor, M.V.K. Sivamohan and Norman Clark (2001), ‘Why Research Partnerships Really Matter: Innovation Theory, Institutional Arrangements and Implications for Developing New Technology for the Poor’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThe 'feminisation of poverty' is widely viewed as a global trend, and of particular concern in developing regions. Yet although popularisation of the term may have raised women's visibility in development discourses and gone some way to 'en-gender' policies for poverty reduction, the construct is only weakly substantiated. Its over-emphasis on income and on female household headship also conveys little of the contemporary complexities of gendered disadvantage. In Gender, Generation and Poverty Sylvia Chant challenges the 'feminisation of poverty' on the basis of recent fieldwork in The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica. Interviews with over 220 women and men of different ages at the grassroots, as well as with 40 professionals in international agencies, government departments and NGOs, highlight the difficulties of establishing any general tendency towards a widening of gender disparities in income poverty, or for female household heads to be the 'poorest of the poor'. While not denying a 'female bias' in material privation, a more important and consistent pattern is that women are bearing an ever-greater burden of responsibility for household survival, and under especially exploitative conditions in male-headed units. These findings lead Chant to propose a more elaborate and nuanced construction of the 'feminisation of poverty' which incorporates inputs as well as incomes and takes greater account of gender relations within the home. This not only stands to enrich gendered poverty analysis, but to provide a more appropriate basis for policy interventions. This volume will not only be an important resource for scholars of development, gender and area studies in Africa, Asia and Latin America, but also for professionals and activists working towards the elimination of poverty and gender inequality at national and international levels.Trade Review'For practitioners and students of development, and library collections on women in development or comparative development. Highly recommended.'Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Analysing Poverty from a Gender Perspective 3. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’ in the Global South: Assertions, Agendas and Evidence 4. Gender, Generation and Poverty in The Gambia 5. Gender, Generation and Poverty in the Philippines 6. Gender, Generation and Poverty in Costa Rica 7. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe 'feminisation of poverty' is widely viewed as a global trend, and of particular concern in developing regions. Yet although popularisation of the term may have raised women's visibility in development discourses and gone some way to 'en-gender' policies for poverty reduction, the construct is only weakly substantiated. Its over-emphasis on income and on female household headship also conveys little of the contemporary complexities of gendered disadvantage. In Gender, Generation and Poverty Sylvia Chant challenges the 'feminisation of poverty' on the basis of recent fieldwork in The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica. Interviews with over 220 women and men of different ages at the grassroots, as well as with 40 professionals in international agencies, government departments and NGOs, highlight the difficulties of establishing any general tendency towards a widening of gender disparities in income poverty, or for female household heads to be the 'poorest of the poor'. While not denying a 'female bias' in material privation, a more important and consistent pattern is that women are bearing an ever-greater burden of responsibility for household survival, and under especially exploitative conditions in male-headed units. These findings lead Chant to propose a more elaborate and nuanced construction of the 'feminisation of poverty' which incorporates inputs as well as incomes and takes greater account of gender relations within the home. This not only stands to enrich gendered poverty analysis, but to provide a more appropriate basis for policy interventions. This volume will not only be an important resource for scholars of development, gender and area studies in Africa, Asia and Latin America, but also for professionals and activists working towards the elimination of poverty and gender inequality at national and international levels.Trade Review'For practitioners and students of development, and library collections on women in development or comparative development. Highly recommended.'Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Analysing Poverty from a Gender Perspective 3. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’ in the Global South: Assertions, Agendas and Evidence 4. Gender, Generation and Poverty in The Gambia 5. Gender, Generation and Poverty in the Philippines 6. Gender, Generation and Poverty in Costa Rica 7. Conclusion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the origins, rationale, problems and prospects of the European fiscal policy framework. It provides the reader with a roadmap to EMU's budgetary framework by exploring its theoretical and empirical foundations, uncovering its historical roots and emphasising its supranational nature.The authors, who have been at the forefront of the academic and policy debate on economic policy in Europe, argue that fiscal policy has always been at the core of the EMU debate. The Maastricht criteria and the Stability and Growth Pact are the most contentious building blocks of EMU's institutional architecture: they have aroused heated controversies between academics and policymakers ever since their adoption. As EMU's budgetary rules undergo their first severe shock, Europe is still searching for its fiscal soul. The book's basic premise is that one cannot fully understand EMU's fiscal framework and the recent debate on its reform without placing them in a historical and institutional perspective and abstracting from the uniqueness of EMU, where sovereign countries retain a large degree of fiscal independence, and monetary policy is entrusted to an independent central bank with the overriding mission of maintaining price stability.Analysing all aspects of EMU's fiscal rules and institutions, this book will strongly appeal to students, academics and researchers of macroeconomic policy and European integration. Policymakers and fiscal policy experts at both national and international levels will also find the book to be of great interest.Trade Review'The book has many merits, and represents an important contribution to the controversial topic of European fiscal policy. I appreciated in particular the high quality and rigor of the analysis and the fact that the pros and cons of the contending opinions are presented in a fair way. It is a rewarding reading.' -- EAEPE Newsletter'Buti and Franco present a series of interesting analytical information which should be read by as broad an audience as possible. . . the book is a good buy.' -- LaszlO Csaba, Acta OeconomicaTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. EMU’s Fiscal Rules in a Historical Perspective 2. The Maastricht Treaty and the Stability and Growth Pact 3. Medium-term Fiscal Targets 4. Cyclical Stabilization 5. Interactions between Monetary and Fiscal Policies 6. Public Investment 7. Long-term Sustainability 8. Fiscal Federalism 9. Politics and the Pact 10. Fiscal Rules and Statistics 11. Reforming EMU’s Fiscal Rules 12. National Budgets and the EU Budget 13. Postscript: A New Stability and Growth Pact? Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAlthough decentralization and reactions against it have become increasingly important policy trends in developing countries, the study of this nearly ubiquitous phenomenon has been largely fractured across academic disciplines, geographic regions, and the academic-practitioner divide. The contributors to this edited volume begin to cross some of these constraining, artificial boundaries. Considering decentralization from an interdisciplinary, historical, and comparative perspective, they collectively explore why it has evolved in particular ways and with varied outcomes. In addition to taking an atypically comparative perspective, the volume highlights the importance of an historical analysis of decentralization and links this to institutional and public policy outcomes. Placing decentralization in this context illustrates why it has taken dissimilar shapes and produced varying results over time in different countries. This in turn helps to clarify the types of institutions and conditions required for the development and survival of decentralization, paving the way for more creative thinking and informed policymaking. The countries covered include: Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Bolivia, Argentina, Mexico, Peru and Brazil. Students and scholars of economics, political science and development will find the policy and theoretical discussions enlightening. The volume will also prove useful to policymakers and development institutions confronting issues of decentralization.Trade Review'This is an important book. The new fiscal decentralization promised enhanced efficiency of public service delivery, reduced corruption, a reinforcing trend to citizen voice and participation, and poverty reduction. But, did it succeed? It is only now becoming possible to get some hard empirical answers. That is what the collection of essays in this book provides in a most systematic and rigorous way. In doing so it takes a cross-regional approach, whereby one can compare different public sector cultures and histories. Decentralization in Asia and Latin America provides new, technically rigorous, and important answers.' -- Robert D. Ebel, George Washington University, The Brookings Institution and The Urban Institute, US'Because of the broad political economy perspective taken by the chapter authors, this volume edited by Smoke, Gomez and Peterson constitutes a valuable addition to the ever increasing amount of literature detailing the county-level experiences with decentralization policies. The interdisciplinary approach considers the fiscal, political, economic, and administrative aspects of the process along with sufficient history for the reader to understand the context in which the decentralization (and in some instances re-centralization) policies have been undertaken. Although the chapters focus on Asian and Latin American countries, readers with interests in other regions of the world can gain considerable insight from these experiences.' -- Larry Schroeder, Syracuse University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Understanding Decentralization: The Need for a Broader Approach Paul Smoke, Eduardo J. Gómez and George E. Peterson PART II: THE BROAD COMPARATIVE PICTURE 2. The Interaction of Fiscal Decentralization and Democratic Governance Jorge Martinez-Vazquez and Robert M. McNab 3. Decentralization’s Horizontal, Vertical and Policy-Fluctuation Mechanisms: Method for Cross-Regional Analysis Eduardo J. Gómez PART III: ASIA EXPERIENCES 4. Cambodia’s Nascent Decentralization: From Donor Experiment to Sustainable Government System? Paul Smoke 5. China’s Long March to Decentralization Jorge Martinez-Vazquez 6. Democratic Decentralization in Madhya Pradesh (India): Neither Big Bang nor Gradualism William McCarten and Vinod Vyasulu 7. Decentralization, Governance and Public Services in Indonesia Kai Kaiser, Daan Pattinasarany and Günther G. Schulze 8. Decentralization Policy and Practice in Vietnam: 1991–2003 Clay G. Wescott PART IV: LATIN AMERICA EXPERIENCES 9. The Politics of Devolution in Bolivia and Other Andean Countries Robert R. Barr 10. Who’s Tugging at the Purse Strings? The Political Economy of Intergovernmental Transfers in Argentina, Mexico and Peru Kathleen O’Neill 11. Decentralization and Re-Centralization in Argentina and Brazil: The Menem and Cardoso Years Kent Eaton and Tyler Dickovick 12. The Historical Institutional Genesis of Fiscal Decentralization Management: Lessons from Brazil Eduardo J. Gómez PART V: CONCLUSION 13. The Dynamics of Decentralization in Asia and Latin America: Towards a Comparative Interdisciplinary Perspective Paul Smoke and Eduardo J. Gómez Index

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Book SynopsisSince the late 1980s and early 1990s, national governments have introduced a range of policy measures designed to steer their economies along a more sustainable path. Yet how are we to know how successful these have been? This significant new book discusses the ways in which sustainable development indicators can be improved in order to both assess the impact of past policies and avoid the repetition of previous failings.Covering a broad range of indicators relating to national accounts, aggregate welfare, natural capital, ecosystem health and human-environment interactions, this volume provides an important assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of each. With contributions from some of the most eminent scholars in the field, the book competently analyses the various methods of measuring the sustainable development performance of nations, and suggests many ways in which these can be developed and improved. While the contributors might offer conflicting views, the message they convey is universal - the quest for appropriate sustainable development indicators is critically important if we are ever to bring about a fairer, sustainable and more efficient world.Trade Review'The book covers a wide range of concepts pertaining to the sustainable development and successfully captures the inter-connectivity of environmental preservation and sustainable development.' -- International Journal of Ecological Economics and Statistics'. . . this book is authoritative, objective and essential reading for academics and policymakers concerned with the application of indicators of sustainable development. It takes great care to emphasize what has worked, what has not and what should be our future priorities for research; the combination of these features certainly sets it apart from some other texts in the field.' -- Lee M. Stapleton, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management'This book presents a comprehensive collection of essays from some of the world's leading experts, surveying and highlighting both the potential and the limitations of a number of indicators specifically designed to measure sustainable development. Illustrative applications are presented throughout in order to demonstrate the value of the approaches discussed. This book is highly recommended for all those who are interested in a better understanding of what sustainable development is and its likely associated indicators, and ultimately aims to contribute to a better foundation for public decision-making.' -- Paulo A.L.D. Nunes, Venice International University, Ca Foscari University, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Venice, Italy and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction to Sustainable Development Indicators 1. Introduction Philip Lawn 2. Sustainable Development: Concept and Indicators Philip Lawn Part II: Sustainable Development and National Accounting 3. The Economic Rationale for Green Accounting Salah El Serafy 4. Environmental Accounting and Policy Making John Lintott 5. Estimating the Economic Impacts of Climate Change by Means of Green Accounting H. Asbjørn Aaheim 6. A Critical Appraisal of Genuine Savings as an Indicator of Sustainability Simon Dietz and Eric Neumayer Part III: Sustainable Development and Welfare 7. An Assessment of Alternative Measures of Sustainable Economic Welfare Philip Lawn 8. Policy Implications of the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare: Thailand as a Case Study Matthew Clarke 9. Some Constructive Criticisms of the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare Simon Dietz and Eric Neumayer Part IV: Sustainable Development and Natural Capital Accounting 10. Measurement of the Natural Capital Stock: Conceptual Foundations and Preliminary Empirics Richard W. England 11. Indicators and Measures of Critical Natural Capital Rudolf de Groot, Lars Hein, Carolien Kroeze, Rik Leemans and David Niemeijer 12. Ecological Footprint Accounts for Advancing Sustainability: Measuring Human Demands on Nature Mathis Wackernagel, Dan Moran, Sahm White and Michael Murray 13. Managing for Sustainability: Ecological Footprints, Ecosystem Health and the Forest Capital Index David Rapport and Ola Ullsten Part V: Sustainable Development and Indicators of Human–Environment Interaction 14. Sustainability Scenarios as Interpretive Frameworks for Indicators of Human–Environment Interaction Janne Hukkinen 15. Getting the Most Out of Eco-Efficiency Indicators for Policy Nigel Jollands 16. Eco-Efficiency Indicators Applied to Australia and their Policy Relevance Philip Lawn 17. Material Flow-Based Indicators for Evaluation of Eco-Efficiency and Dematerialisation Policies Stefan Giljum Part VI: Concluding Assessments of Sustainable Development Indicators 18. Sustainable Development Indicators and Human Needs John Peet 19. Selecting Headline Indicators for Tracking Progress to Sustainability in a Nation State Murray Patterson Index

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Book SynopsisThis authoritative volume presents a collection of the most influential and important articles dealing with the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth and development. The collection covers a range of key issues through which entrepreneurial activity may influence economic progress. The six broad themes in the book provide a general overview along with historical and country-specific studies, articles on entrepreneurship and innovation, details of endogenous growth models in which entrepreneurship plays a vital role, contributions on competition and productivity, and empirical evidence. This comprehensive volume will, without doubt, be of interest to researchers in the fields of economics, growth models, industrial organisation and entrepreneurship, and to policymakers.Trade Review'Why economies grow, for centuries, has been one of the most important questions in economics. The importance of this question is found in the simple fact that the purchasing power of the average individual has increased ten fold in just one hundred years. How do we explain this? Over the past decade there has been a revival of interest in this question after a period of inactivity. In particular, what has been of interest is what role individual entrepreneurs play in innovation, the key to economic growth. Written by leading scholars, mostly during the technological revolution of the 1990s, this volume provides a valuable collection of readings that explore the role of the entrepreneurship in economic growth. The articles are carefully chosen in five areas that advance our understanding of entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth.' -- Zoltan J. Acs, George Mason University, USTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Understanding the Role of Entrepreneurship for Economic Growth Martin Carree and A. Roy Thurik PART I GENERAL OVERVIEW 1. Sander Wennekers and Roy Thurik (1999), ‘Linking Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth’ 2. David Audretsch and Roy Thurik (2004), ‘A Model of the Entrepreneurial Economy’ 3. Joseph A. Schumpeter ([1934] 1961), ‘The Fundamental Phenomenon of Economic Development’ PART II HISTORY AND COUNTRIES 4. William J. Baumol (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive’ 5. Kathleen M. Eisenhardt and Naushad Forbes (1984), ‘Technical Entrepreneurship: An International Perspective’ 6. John McMillan and Christopher Woodruff (2002), ‘The Central Role of Entrepreneurs in Transition Economies’ 7. Tony Fu-Lai Yu (1998), ‘Adaptive Entrepreneurship and the Economic Development of Hong Kong’ PART III INNOVATION 8. Wesley M. Cohen and Steven Klepper (1992), ‘The Tradeoff Between Firm Size and Diversity in the Pursuit of Technological Progress’ 9. Sharon Gifford (1998), ‘Limited Entrepreneurial Attention and Economic Development’ 10. Thomas J. Prusa and James A. Schmitz, Jr. (1991), ‘Are New Firms an Important Source of Innovation? Evidence from the PC Software Industry’ PART IV GROWTH MODELS 11. James A. Schmitz, Jr. (1989), ‘Imitation, Entrepreneurship, and Long-Run Growth’ 12. Peter Howitt and Philippe Aghion (1998), ‘Capital Accumulation and Innovation as Complementary Factors in Long-Run Growth’ 13. Claudio Michelacci (2003), ‘Low Returns in R&D Due to the Lack of Entrepreneurial Skills’ 14. Murat F. Iyigun and Ann L. Owen (1999), ‘Entrepreneurs, Professionals, and Growth’ 15. Huw Lloyd-Ellis and Dan Bernhardt (2000), ‘Enterprise, Inequality and Economic Development’ 16. Pietro F. Peretto (1998), ‘Technological Change, Market Rivalry, and the Evolution of the Capitalist Engine of Growth’ PART V COMPETITION 17. Stephen J. Nickell (1996), ‘Competition and Corporate Performance’ 18. Michael Gort and Nakil Sung (1999), ‘Competition and Productivity Growth: The Case of the U.S. Telephone Industry’ PART VI EMPIRICAL CONTRIBUTIONS 19. Martin Carree, André van Stel, Roy Thurik and Sander Wennekers (2002), ‘Economic Development and Business Ownership: An Analysis Using Data of 23 OECD Countries in the Period 1976–1996’ 20. Zoltan J. Acs and Catherine Armington (2004), ‘Employment Growth and Entrepreneurial Activity in Cities’ 21. Stefan Fölster (2000), ‘Do Entrepreneurs Create Jobs?’ 22. David B. Audretsch and Max Keilbach (2004), ‘Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Performance’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisIn this book, a group of distinguished authors addresses three broad questions: what broad strategies and macroeconomic policies best support poverty reduction efforts in Asia; what role should targeted antipoverty interventions play, and how should such interventions be designed; and how is poverty measured, what new approaches are needed, and how does measurement affect our understanding of poverty. Each of these three broad themes is also considered together in chapters examining the poverty situations in a number of countries in Asia and the Pacific.The book represents a major scholarly contribution of the Asian Development Bank to the literature on poverty in the region it serves. The organization adopted poverty reduction as the principal objective of its lending in 1999. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of development economics and Asian studies, and will be useful reading for policymakers and development practitioners working in national, international or nongovernmental organizations.A Joint Publication with the Asian Development BankTrade Review'The edited collection presents thoughtful and up-to-date analyses that significantly improve our understanding of poverty in Asia, both from a theoretical and empirical standpoint.' -- Ugo Pica Ciamarra, Progress in Development Studies'This is a rich collection of papers by distinguished authors. . . this book clearly contributes to the empirical understanding of poverty in Asia, and can spur debate and better understanding in designing poverty reduction strategies in Asia. It will certainly be important reading for policymakers and scholars of development economics and Asian studies.' -- Vivi Alatas, Bulletin of Indonesian Economic StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Foreword by Tadao Chino Introduction Part I: The Macroeconomy, Globalization, and Pro-Poor Growth 1. Marginalization in a Globalizing World: Some Plausible Scenarios and Suggestions for Measurement 2. Balanced Development: An Approach to Development Policy and Priorities 3. Poverty Analysis and Measurement within a General Equilibrium Framework 4. Macroeconomic Policies and Poverty Reduction: Stylized Facts and an Overview of Research Part II: Targeting Urban or Industrial Sectors 5. New Technologies, Competitiveness, and Poverty Reduction 6. Use of Information Technology for Poverty Reduction: A Case Study of Efforts in the Indian State of Andhra Pradesh 7. Small and Medium Enterprise Development in Equitable Growth and Poverty Alleviation Part III: New Developments and Issues in Poverty Measurement 8. Poverty Lines: Eight Countries’ Experiences and the Issue of Specificity and Consistency 9. Poverty Comparison in the Philippines: Is What We Know About the Poor Robust? 10. Assessing the Poverty Impact of Policy- and Sector-Based Lending Part IV: Country Studies 11. Pathways of Poverty Reduction: Rural Development and Transmission Mechanisms in the Philippines 12. Structural Adjustment, Macroeconomic Policies, and Poverty Trends in Pakistan 13. The Poverty Situation and Policy in Sri Lanka 14. Pacific Islands: Is Poverty an Issue? 15. Opening Doors to More Inclusive Societies: The Case of the Pacific Island Countries Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a comparative study of the telecommunication reform process in three Central American countries - Costa Rica, Guatemala and Honduras - focusing on the roles of the local private sector and international financial institutions.By addressing the following questions, the book aims to understand the potential for the emergence of an autonomous and inclusive regulatory state: What has been the main driving force behind the wave of privatizations in Latin America? What has been the role of the international financial institutions (IFIs)? What kind of state emerges after privatization and regulatory reform? Why does privatization remain so unpopular? The author discusses the historical role of telecommunications in state power, the sources of proposed, failed and implemented reforms, and the political processes determining their destiny. Benedicte Bull concludes that the reform processes in the three countries show significant variation. This is accounted for - not by the different relationship to the IFIs, but by the different relationships between the state and the private sector. The impact of this on the reform process is also the key to understanding the state's capacity for post-reform regulation and the unpopularity of privatization.Academics and students with an interest in Latin American studies, international political economy, comparative politics and development studies will find this book of great appeal.Trade Review'This book, as the author intended, does indeed shed light on the role of competing elites as well as the IFIs in shaping the resulting new political economy in Central America. It could not have come at a better time, since CAFTA is bringing the issue to the streets again in these and other countries of the region. This book is definitely a "must read" for all those interested in the topic.' -- Rodolfo Cerdas, Latin American Studies'This is an important and thought provoking book for the understanding of privatisation. The author perceptively identifies contradictions that emerge from the process and outcome of privatisation, and attempts to explain these through a comparative analysis of telecommunications reform in three Central American countries. The result is a carefully researched book that provides new insights into the politics of privatisation. It will be compelling reading for the student and practitioner alike.' -- Paul Cook, University of Manchester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Privatization Puzzles 2. The Politics of Privatization 3. Guatemala: Privatization in a Captured State 4. Costa Rica: In Defense of the Welfare State 5. Honduras: Privatization in the Ritual Aid Dance 6. Comparisons and Conclusions: Privatization, Development and Legitimacy Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIndia has become a highly visible participant in the information communication technology (ICT) industry. Since the 1990s, it has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world, emerging as the most watched test of global capitalism. The contributors to this volume examine how the ICT-driven development of India appears to have skipped the middle stages of the traditional economic development models and leapfrogged directly to the final stage whereby growth is mostly technologically driven. Information Communication Technology and Economic Development reveals new insights regarding the complex process of globalization. It shows how the generation and circulation of intellectual capital in the US and India in ICT have led to greater productivity in the US while facilitating the economic development of India. Most industrialized nations now see the vast intellectual capital-based services that India provides at extremely competitive rates as key to their own national competitiveness in the global arena. The contributors' findings suggest that India's ICT-led growth will accelerate in the next ten years, launching India as a major global economic power next to the US and China.This provocative and timely volume will be a necessary read for students and scholars of international business, public policy, economic development, management and strategy as well as all those interested in the impact of globalization on national and regional economies.Trade Review‘Information Communication Technology and Economic Development provides a quick and broad overview of the Indian ICT sector. With its exhaustive examination of the business management and industrial organisation of the ICT sector, it is a particularly useful tool for any researcher or policy analyst interested in a thorough analysis of the mechanics of the sector and the Indian context within which it operates.' -- Syud Amer Ahmed, Papers in Regional ScienceTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Tojo Thatchenkery and Roger R. Stough Part I: Information Communication Technology and Economic Development of India 2. Economic Development Theory and Practice: The Indian Development Experience Roger R. Stough, Kingsley E. Haynes and Maria Elena Salazar 3. Information Communication Technology and Economic Development: The Indian Context Tojo Thatchenkery, Roger R. Stough, Govindasamy Balatchandirane and Rupa Ranganathan 4. Recent Developments in India’s Service Economy and the Role of the Information Technology Industry Cherian Samuel 5. An Analysis of Factors Responsible for the Indian Information Technology Sector Growth: Signaling Quality Aparna Sawhney Part II: Knowledge Spillovers and Innovation in the ICT Sector 6. Diffusion Innovation: A Pattern of Information Communication Technology Innovation in the Indian Economy Mary Mathew 7. Development through Knowledge: Capability Replication in Global Innovation Communities Gita Surie 8. Inimitability of Network Resources in the Research and Development Services Domain of the Indian Information Technology Industry Nagarajan Dayasindhu Part III: Industry Issues and Patterns 9. Creating Information Technology Industrial Clusters: Learning from Strategies of Early and Late Movers Kavil Ramachandran and Sougata Ray 10. Managerial Synergies and Related Diversification: Software Services and the Business Process Outsourcing Sector in India Suma Athreye and Vasanthi Srinivasan 11. Intellectual Property in the Indian Software Industry: Past Role and Future Need Stanley Nollen 12. Does India’s Information Technology Industry Need Labor Mobility in an Age of Offshore Outsourcing? Ron Hira Index

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Book SynopsisIndustries located in developing countries have made major improvements in environmental performance since the Rio Earth Summit of 1992. More specifically, their record in reducing energy-use and water-pollutant intensities has been better than developed countries. This significant new book investigates what motivates industries in developing countries to adopt environmentally sound technology (EST) - a subject about which very little is actually known. The authors present the findings of a United Nations study of the factors that determined EST adoption by 105 manufacturing plants in four different sectors within eight developing countries. They explore both factors internal to the plants as well as external factors including governments, markets and civil society.Environment and Industry in Developing Countries will be of great interest to development assistance agencies supporting programmes for industrial environmental management in developing countries, and also to graduate school programmes in economic development, technology management, as well as in international business.Trade Review'This impressive study compares the adoption of environmentally sound technology in industrial sectors in eight developing countries. In combining a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies on rich empirical data the authors open the "technological change black box" and are able to formulate clear conclusions on the drivers and barriers for technological change. A major contribution to better understanding and governing environmentally-sound technological change.' -- Arthur P.J. Mol, Wageningen University, The Netherlands’"All theory is gray, but the golden tree of life springs ever green", says Goethe. This book is very green (that is empirical) about a green topic: the adoption of environmentally sound technologies in developing countries, using triangulation for assessing the factors behind such choices. A very nice study on an important topic.' -- Rene Kemp, UNU-MERIT, Maastricht, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Preface 1. Introduction 2. Decoupling of Environmental Pressure from Industrial Growth, 1990–2002 3. Heuristic Model of EST Adoption 4. Brazil 5. China 6. India 7. Kenya 8. Thailand 9. Tunisia 10. Viet Nam 11. Zimbabwe 13. Eight-Country Assessment of Factors Influencing EST Adoption 14. Findings, Policy Implications and Programme Proposals Index

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Book SynopsisThis book opens a fresh chapter in the debate on local enterprise clusters and their strategies for upgrading in the global economy. The authors employ a novel conceptual framework in their research on industrial clusters in Europe, Latin America and Asia and provide new perspectives and insights for researchers and policymakers alike.The debate on local upgrading capacity is torn between two lines of thinking: those who believe that local relationships between enterprises and institutions are key to upgrading, and those who argue that the spaces for upgrading are defined by the sourcing strategies of global buyers. From this debate a number of important questions arise: how feasible is it to develop local upgrading strategies? Can local policy networks make a difference, or do global forces undermine them? Do global quality and labour standards marginalise developing country producers or do they help them to upgrade? To answer these questions, the book brings together theoretical and empirical research on local and regional clusters, global value chains and global standards, using case studies from developed and developing countries. The authors provide a new understanding of how global and local governance interact, highlighting power and inequality in global chains but also identifying scope for local action.By showing how and why insertion in global value chains can accelerate or inhibit local upgrading, this book represents a significant contribution to the academic and political debate on globalization. It will be essential reading for all students, academics and researchers interested in global political economy, global and local governance structures, economic geography and innovation studies.Trade Review'This book is a remarkable endeavour, which develops a convincing conceptual framework by drawing on a vast body of literature, and effectively submits it to empirical validation. It makes very useful and accessible reading for all those interested in the many facets of globalisation and a necessary reference for those specialists working in the field of private sector development.' -- Federico Bonaglia, International Affairs'I would highly recommend the book for all those interested and seeking insights into local development, small businesses and industrial policy in a global context.' -- Peter van Dierman, Growth & Change'The book presents the results of an international research project, jointly organized by the Institute of Development Studies (United Kingdom) and the Institute for Development and Peace (Germany). It assembles the insights of over a dozen scholars from Western European and Latin American countries, many of whom are leading experts, and collects a wide range of examples and views that broaden and systematize our knowledge of the topic. Thus, the book represents a kind of "milestone" publication in its field. . . . the book extends frontiers of knowledge in various respects, in regard to conceptual, empirical, and political issues.' -- Martina Fromhold-Eisebith, Economic Geography'. . . this is an important book that combines a very interesting mix of regional and comparative case studies, based on a sound conceptualization presented in a reflexive manner. It pushes forward the debate on regional development and upgrading in a global economy. . .' -- Martin Hess, Journal of Economic GeographyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Globalized Localities: Introduction 2. Regions in the ‘World Economic Triangle’ 3. Making Sense of Global Standards 4. Governance in Global Value Chains 5. The Underground Revolution in the Sinos Valley: A Comparison of Upgrading in Global and National Value Chains 6. How Globalization Affects Italian Industrial Districts: The Case of Brenta 7. Upgrading in the Tile Industry of Italy, Spain and Brazil: Insights from Cluster and Value Chain Analysis 8. Local Upgrading Strategies in Response to Global Challenges: The Surgical Instrument Cluster of Tuttlingen, Germany 9. Clustering and Upgrading in Global Value Chains: The Taiwanese Personal Computer Industry 10. Global Quality Standards and Technological Upgrading in the Brazilian Auto-components Industry 11. The Effect of Global Standards on Local Producers: A Pakistani Case Study 12. Paradoxes and Ironies of Locational Policy in the New Global Economy 13. Chain Governance and Upgrading: Taking Stock Index

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Book SynopsisThe emergence of China since 1979 has been a hallmark in the global economy, not only in the past but also in this century. This comprehensive book provides an analytical view of the remarkable economic development of the most exciting economy in the world.China's impressive economic growth has propelled it from being one of the poorest countries in the world to becoming its third largest economy. It is a complex economy with a mix of characteristics resulting from being both a transition economy and a developing country, which also points to the challenges that it still faces. This book explains China's remarkable transformation from a centrally planned to a more market-oriented economy through examination of the institutional reforms necessary to support such marketisation and eventual global integration. Although no book will be able to be completely comprehensive given the scale of the economy and the remarkable pace of transformation over three decades, this study highlights the key areas giving an overview of the major developments in China's economy, enabling its prospects of continuing growth to be assessed.With topical discussion incorporating recent data and developments, this book will be a stimulating read for academic researchers, postgraduate students in economics, international business, Chinese and area studies, as well as anyone interested in understanding the Chinese economy.Trade Review'[T]his is a comprehensive book written in a concise and well-structured manner. . . The book is a recommended read for a wide range of academic researchers, graduate students and for anyone with a professional interest in understanding the Chinese economy.' --Blagoy Kitanov, Europe-Asia Studies'The book is a very good snapshot introduction to China and could potentially be used as a supplementary text for undergraduates in their studies on the Chinese economy or Chinese studies.' --Herb Thompson, Journal of Contemporary Asia'By examining the institutional reforms used to make the transition, Yueh provides a comprehensive and exceptionally insightful analysis of economic change in what has become the world's second biggest economy. . . Highly recommended.' --C.A. Haulman, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Economic Growth: 30 Years of Market Transition, Economic Development and Global Integration 3. Enterprises and Agriculture 4. Labour 5. Entrepreneurship 6. Banking and Finance 7. Law and Markets 8. Innovation 9. Social Coverage: Education, Pensions, Health System and Poverty 10. International Trade, Foreign Investment and the Global Economy Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe contributors to this authoritative volume analyze the impact of political crises and social conflict on economic performance in the Andean region of Latin America. The blend of theory and case studies is also relevant for understanding other complex societies in the developing world and transition economies. The book provides illuminating insights on how to understand, and survive, the complicated interactions between volatile politics, unstable democracies, violence, social inequality and uneven economic performance. Recent political economy theories are combined with valuable quantitative and qualitative information on presidential crises, breakdowns of democracy, constitutional reforms, quality of institutions, and social inequality and exclusion to understand actual country realities.Part I provides the conceptual framework and a regional perspective of the book. Part II contains five political economy country studies - Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela - written by leading scholars in the field and former senior policymakers, including a former President. Together, the chapters highlight the detrimental effects of political instability and social conflict on economic growth and stability, as well as the feedback effects from poor economic performance on political instability and institutional fragility. The country studies warn that narrow economic reforms that do not pay adequate attention to politics, institutions and social structures are bound to fail in bringing lasting prosperity and stability to complex societies.Examining new and rich information on episodes of political turmoil, military interventions, forced presidential resignations, constitutional reforms and social uprisings, this book will be required reading for all those interested in the interface of politics and economic development.Trade Review‘Political Crises, Social Conflict and Economic Development is a rare attempt to undertake comparative political economy analysis of the Andean region and thus represents a welcome contribution. . . It is clearly written and will engage scholars interested in Latin America from a wide range of disciplines.' -- Jonathan di John, Journal of Agrarian Change'This collection of essays on the political economy of the Andean region goes to the heart of the struggle these smaller economies face in completing crucial reforms and achieving higher growth. Andres Solimano has brought together the best and the brightest talent from each country, the result being the most compelling analysis ever of how enclave development and a historical dependence on primary exports renders these countries distinctly Andean. As the essays argue, the political solutions and economic remedies must address this phenomenon, rather than mimicking those strategies of the larger emerging market countries in the region.' -- Carol Wise, University of Southern California, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction and Synthesis Part I: Analytical Overview and Cross-Country Analysis 2. Political Instability, Institutional Quality and Social Conflict in the Andes 3. Poverty, Inequality and Public Policy in the Andean Region: A Comparative Perspective Part II: Country Studies 4. The Political Economy of the Crisis in the Andean Region: The Case of Bolivia 5. The Economy, Conflict and Governance in Colombia 6. Political Economy of Ecuador: The Quandary of Governance and Economic Development 7. Governability and Economic Performance in Peru in 1990s Peru 8. Venezuela: From Stability to Turmoil Index

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Book SynopsisFollowing China's accession to the WTO in 2001, reform of its science and technology system has deepened. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the high-tech sector, examining Chinese high-tech industry policy, the emergence of industrial clusters, the R&D activities of multinational corporations operating in China, and the prospect of commercialization of high-tech achievements. The authors argue that since commercialization has become the ultimate objective of innovation activity, the relationship between R&D facilities, the local economy and local enterprises has become closer, thereby boosting the technology innovation capability of the corporate sector. They go on to explore regions with the greatest scale and depth of high-tech industry development: Beijing, Shenzhen, Shanghai and Shaanxi; which now serve as models for other regions. The book concludes that although high-tech exports have become an important contributing factor to China's economic growth, the country still has no effective mechanism for high-risk investment, therefore Chinese high-tech enterprises still find it difficult to secure financing.This book will strongly appeal to those affiliated to multinational enterprises: managers, brokers, dealers and investors, as well as academics and researchers specialising in business economics and Asian studies.Trade Review‘High Tech Industries in China is probably the most comprehensive publicly available summary of the state of S&T and R&D in China. . . credit needs to be given to the authors for compiling a rich and diverse analysis of this topic.' -- R&D Management'High-Tech Industries in China provides a timely update on China's recent policy initiatives and adjustments of regional research and development, science and technology, foreign direct investment, and high-tech enterprise incubation and development.' -- Shaoming Cheng, Annals of Regional Science'The book is recommended for academic libraries with an interest in contemporary China or economic development policy, especially those that serve English-speaking populations and those that find it difficult to source statistical material from China.' -- Andrea Schulman, Business Information AlertTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. China’s High-tech Industry Policy under Institutional Transformation 2. R&D and Innovation in China’s High-tech Sector 3. Regional Disparities in China’s High-tech Sector 4. Regional Concentration of Multinational Corporations’ R&D Activities in China 5. Commercialization of High-tech Research Results in China References Index

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Book SynopsisThe promotion of liberalised and deregulated markets by bilateral and multilateral aid donors, and by global institutions such as the WTO, has led to significant attention being paid to competition and regulatory reforms in developing economies. The process of reform involves the transfer and diffusion of market models derived from practice and theory in developed countries. However, in developing countries, regulation needs to do more than simply promote competitiveness and consumer interests: it also needs to ensure that the market nurtures development. By rigorously examining the numerous impacts of regulation, this book will help to fill a significant gap in the literature on economic and social development.The book draws together contributions from leading experts across a range of disciplines including economics, law, politics and governance, public management and business management. The authors begin with an extensive overview of the issues of regulation and competition in developing countries, and carefully illustrate the important themes and concepts involved. Using a variety of country and sector case studies, they move on to focus on the problems of applicability and adaptation that are experienced in the process of transferring best practice policy models from developed to developing countries. The book presents a clear agenda for further empirical research and is notable for its rigorous exploration of the links between theory and practice. Although there is substantial interest in competition and regulation, as yet there has been relatively little investigation of these issues in developing economies. This book redresses the balance and will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, teachers and students interested in development economics and development studies. It will also be of great relevance for practitioners and policymakers working in the fields of competition policy and regulatory reform.Table of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Competition and Regulation in Developing Countries: An Overview 1. Competition, Regulation and Regulatory Governance: An Overview Part II: Competition, Regulation and Development: Leading Concepts and Issues 2. Competition Policy, Market Power and Collusion in Developing Countries 3. Competition, Innovation and Economic Development: The Instituted Connection 4. Economic Regulation in Developing Countries: A Framework for Critical Analysis 5. Trade and Competition Policy at the WTO: Issues for Developing Countries 6. Private Sector Development Strategy: Some Critical Issues 7. Comparing Regulatory Systems: Institutions, Processes and Legal Forms in Industrialised Countries 8. Public Management and Regulatory Governance: Problems of Policy Transfer to Developing Countries 9. A Diagnostic Model for Capacity Building in Regulatory Agencies 10. Ethical Trade: Issues in the Regulation of Global Supply Chains Part III: Competition and Regulation in Developing Countries: Policies and Practice 11. Regulating Competition in Malaysia 12. The Institutional and Policy Framework for Regulation and Competition in South Africa 13. Regulatory Governance in the Philippines: A Profile 14. Competition, Regulation and Regulatory Governance in Sri Lanka 15. The Institutional and Policy Framework for Regulation and Competition in Ghana 16. Competition, Regulation and the Urban Poor: A Case Study of Water 17. Regulation and Social Protection 18. The Political Economy of Privatization in Malaysia 19. The Regulatory Environment of the Energy Industry in the Philippines 20. Regulation and Competition: Emerging Issues from an Indian Perspective 21. Telecommunications in Guyana: From State Ownership to De-monopolization? Index

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Book SynopsisThere is currently a popular view that the world is undergoing profound changes in the fundamental relationships upon which it is organised. In particular, there is widespread talk of a 'globalised' economy, facilitated by and associated with 'new' technologies and practices. There is a further consensus that within this 'globalised', 'new' economy, regionalisation in some form is important. The aim of this volume is to address these topical issues, presenting perspectives from which they can be analysed and exploring specific aspects in greater detail.The contributors provide a framework for understanding current trends, and suggest approaches that highlight appropriate ways forward in the context of both opportunities and dangers. In doing so, they discuss specific cases and explore detailed policy possibilities, including the prospect of stimulating change through multinational engagement and debate.The rigorous analysis and coherent nature of the book will ensure its appeal to researchers and scholars across a wide range of disciplines and topics, including industrial economics, regional science and globalisation.Trade Review‘Urban and Regional Prosperity in a Globalised New Economy is a good collection of relevant, authoritative and thought-provoking articles written by experts. . . It will be valuable for its target audience.' -- Harbans Singh Gill, Global Business ReviewTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Preface Urban and Regional Prosperity in a Globalised New Economy: An Overview 1. Economic ‘Prosperity’ and ‘Globalisation’: An Agenda and Perspective 2. The Problem of Regional ‘Hollowing Out’ in Japan: Lessons for Regional Industrial Policy 3. Regional Prosperity in a Globalised Economy: Evidence from Mexico 4. Economic Activity, Market Structure and Public Policy 5. Notes on Labour Market Flexibility: Questions for the New Economy 6. Antitrust Issues: Global Cartels, Competition Law and the New Economy 7. Economic Gains from Regional Concentration of Business Operations 8. Why Do Biotechnology Firms Cluster? Some Possible Explanations 9. Industrial Clusters and Districts in the New Economy: Some Perspectives and Cases 10. The Global Economy and Manufacturing: The Case of Wisconsin 11. Reflections on a University’s Role in Regional Economic Development 12. International Perspectives on the Prosperity of a Region: A Personal Reflection Index

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Book SynopsisRegions are increasingly recognised as a key aspect of economic change in Europe, not merely as geographic spaces but also as social systems. Their history, culture, institutions and patterns of leadership mould the way in which they adapt to European and global competitive challenges. This book reviews the debate surrounding the construction of regions and presents eight case studies to illustrate how they are shaped and reshaped in a variety of different ways. The authors find that while some regions exhibit common patterns, there are significant variations, indicating that there is no definitive model of regional development.This book offers a systematic comparison of eight distinct regions and stateless nations, each with its own historical identity, but which is constantly being rebuilt in changing economic and political conditions. Avoiding economic or cultural determinism, the authors show how region-builders can shape their own responses to global challenges to produce models of development reflecting differing understandings and social compromises.Culture, Institutions and Economic Development will be warmly welcomed by academics within the fields of regional studies, European studies and political science.Trade Review'The in-depth case studies of eight important European regions make this book interesting reading. The chapters are presented in a coherent manner, keeping the same order of subjects for each chapter. This nicely facilitates a comparison across different regions. . . I recommend the book to scholars interested in learning more about these eight important European regions. It will be interesting, above all, for readers concerned with regional policies and those interested in the role of culture, language, identity and institutions in the understanding of regional development.' -- MartI Parellada, Papers in Regional Science'This is a valuable book that focuses on an issue of real importance in the "new" Europe and also does much to redress the tendency of economists and economic geographers to regard culture and economy as two largely separate domains. Myriad tensions and contradictions may exist between these two spheres of human activity, but, as the case studies here demonstrate convincingly, the former is vital to the legitimation of the political and economic institutions of regionalism.' -- Brian Graham, Journal of Regional Science'This is a very interesting book which can provide better understanding of the impact of regional culture and identity on regional development under changing political and economic conditions.' -- Dieter Eissel, Journal of Contemporary European StudiesTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Culture, Institutions and Development 2. The New Regionalism 3. Spain: Catalonia and Galicia 4. Belgium: Flanders and Wallonia 5. France: Brittany and Languedoc 6. The United Kingdom: Scotland and Wales 7. Conclusion Bibliography Appendix Index

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Book SynopsisMalaysia is one of the fastest growing economies in the world today, and this book reflects current debates about the future directions of the national economy, polity and society in light of the late 1990s watershed period of financial crisis, the arrest of Anwar Ibrahim and the subsequent 1999 general election. Malaysian Economics and Politics in the New Century aims to answer questions about how the economy and society are organized, about how the benefits from economic development are distributed, about government's relations to major national institutions, and about the nature of the political process. With its focus firmly on Malaysia's future, this will be a volume of particular interest to scholars, academics, researchers, business leaders and policymakers involved in the Asian region, and Malaysia in particular.Table of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Introduction 1. Introduction Part II: Economics and Strategy 2. Malaysia and the Asian Crisis: Lessons and Challenges 3. The Impact of the 1997 Financial Crisis on Malaysia’s Corporate Sector and its Response 4. Malaysia after the Asian Crisis: An Overview of Labour Market Issues 5. The Financial Crisis and its Social Implications 6. Malaysia’s Security Environment and Strategic Responses Part III: Politics and Other Aspects 7. A New Politics in Malaysia: Ferment and Fragmentation 8. Changing Power Configurations in Malaysia 9. The Anwar Trial and its Wider Implications 10. Mahathir, Australia and the Rescue of the Malays 11. Some Aspects of Malaysian Civil Liberties 12. The Challenges of Opposition Politics in Malaysia – Checking Growing Authoritarianism and Ethnic Re-polarization Part IV: Conclusions 13. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisThis up-to-date book demonstrates how the purchasing power parities (PPPs) of currencies are being increasingly used in place of exchange rates for a variety of purposes. These include: comparisons of real income, measurements of global inequality and poverty, calculation of the human development index and assessment of nations economic performance.Despite the increasing popularity of PPPs, many users have very little appreciation of the data and methods used in their derivation. This timely monograph brings together a number of significant contributions from leading researchers in the field, offering a comprehensive review of the latest methods used in the construction and application of PPPs. The authors provide a broad overview of the current state-of-the-art both in terms of techniques as well as current practice with various international organisations.Given the increasing application of PPPs in this truly globalised world, this book will be a stimulating read for researchers and academics involved in international comparisons and development economics, general economists and economist statisticians.Trade Review'Perhaps the most significant challenge economists face when comparing economic aggregates across countries is that the data needs to be expressed in a common currency. The use of Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) to convert national GDP's into a common currency, for example, is the recognized method to avoid the deficiencies in exchange rates. However, the methodology to produce PPPs is probably the most complex and difficult statistical activity in the world. The recently completed 2005 International Comparison Program (ICP) included 146 countries with huge variations in the size and structure of their economies and covered all components of the GDP. Because of the huge differences in the scope and scale of national economies, the ICP was organized to first produce regional PPPs followed by their linkage to produce global PPP's. Many of the problems encountered are considered in this book. The list of authors reads like a who's who in the field of international economic statistics who provide a valuable addition to the knowledge about PPPs. Purchasing Power Parities fits a critical need as it brings together the most recent significant developments to improve the estimation of internationally comparable economic indicators.' -- Frederic A. Vogel, Global Manager, International Comparison Program, 2005 and Consultant, World Bank, Washington, US'This book makes a major contribution to the literature on purchasing power parities (PPPs). It is the latest in a flow of important studies which started in 1940. The eminent contributors are mainly concerned with presenting new methods of estimation, rather than new estimates of world performance. Purchasing Power Parities of Currencies contains 13 essays. Most are concerned with complicated problems now at the cutting edge of PPP measurement, with innovative suggestions for sophisticated improvements of present techniques of estimating PPPs. When the World Bank PPP estimates for 2011 emerge, readers of the book will be well equipped to scrutinize its methodological approach with a critical eye.' -- Angus Maddison, United Nations University-MERIT, Maastricht and University of Groningen, NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Foreword PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction D.S. Prasada Rao 2. The Compilation of Purchasing Power Parities: The Eurostat–OECD Purchasing Power Parity Programme David Roberts PART II: SYSTEM METHODS FOR PPP COMPUTATION 3. Aggregation Methods in International Comparisons: An Evaluation Bert Balk 4. Generalised Eltetö–Köves–Szulc and Country–Product–Dummy Methods for International Comparisons D.S. Prasada Rao 5. True International Income Comparisons Correcting for Substitution Bias Steve Dowrick 6. Additivity, Matrix Consistency and a New Method for International Comparisons of Real Income and Purchasing Power Parities Itsuo Sakuma, D.S. Prasada Rao and Yoshimasa Kurabayashi 7. Implicit Data Structures and Properties of Selected Additive Indices James Cuthbert PART III: METHODS FOR SPATIAL LINKING AND ANALYSIS OF PRICE STRUCTURES 8. Similarity Indexes and Criteria for Spatial Linking Erwin Diewert 9. Comparing Per Capita Income Levels Across Countries Using Spanning Trees: Robustness, Prior Restrictions, Hybrids and Hierarchies Robert Hill 10. Chaining Methods for International Real Product and Purchasing Power Comparisons: Issues and Alternatives Bettina Aten and Alan Heston 11. Aggregation Methods Based on Structural International Prices Sergey Sergeev PART IV: APPLICATIONS 12. Purchasing Power Parities and their Policy Relevance Michael Ward 13. Purchasing Power Parity Adjustments for Productivity Level Comparisons Bart van Ark and Marcel Timmer 14. PPPs and the Price Competitiveness of International Tourism Destinations Larry Dwyer, Peter Forsyth and D.S. Prasada Rao Index

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Book SynopsisThe EU is the main trading partner of developing countries, and the main provider of development aid. The contributors to this book evaluate critical aspects of EU trade and aid policies in order to ascertain whether, and to what extent, they help promote growth and accelerate the development of the Third World.The evaluation takes into account current changes in EU trade and aid policy and makes use of recent advances in empirical methods in order to provide accurate estimates of the policy impact on developing countries. The various studies may contribute to improve the design and implementation of EU policy and its effectiveness in strengthening growth of developing countries and promoting the well-being of their populations. This independent evaluation of EU trade and development policy towards developing countries will strongly appeal to: undergraduate and graduate students in international economics, development economics and European economics; policy makers in the EU and developing countries, development community; non governmental organizations; and those interested in the impact of the EU trade and aid policy.Trade Review'This collection of economic articles on EU development policy provides a stimulating overview of the effects of policies which have undergone significant change in recent years. The book will be warmly welcomed in seminars on development policy, in particular where economic trends and consequences are discussed in relation to the EU's policy.' -- Michael J. Steffens, European Foreign Affairs Review'It is a pleasure to read this well-written and topical book of essays on the EU's trade and aid relationships with the developing world by a group of authors mostly associated with Lund University in Sweden. . . I can highly recommend this book to anyone interested in the analysis of EU trade and development policies.' -- Alan Matthews, European Review of Agricultural EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction Yves Bourdet, Joakim Gullstrand and Karin Olofsdotter 2. Trade and Specialisation: Changing Patterns in the 1990s? Joakim Gullstrand and Karin Olofsdotter 3. Assessing the Effects of EU Trade Preferences for Developing Countries Maria Persson and Fredrik Wilhelmsson 4. Comparative Effects of EU and US Trade Policies on Developing Country Exports Lars Nilsson 5. Is the Middle East and North Africa Region Achieving its Trade Potential? Ludvig Söderling 6. The EU and South Africa: Trade and Diversification Lennart Petersson 7. The EU and Regional Integration in West Africa: Assessing the Effects of Deepening and Enlargement Yves Bourdet and Joakim Gullstrand 8. Effects of the EU Sugar Reform on Developing Countries Marcel Adenäuer, Torbjörn Jansson and Helena Johansson 9. Comparative Effects of EU and US Food Aid on Local Production and Commercial Trade Carl-Johan Belfrage 10. Does EU Aid Promote Growth? Pontus Hansson Index

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Book SynopsisThis book aims to promote an understanding of the origins and dynamics of the software industry in a number of key emerging markets - Brazil, China, India and Israel, and to establish what experiences, if any, are potentially replicable in other prevailing markets. In-depth interviews with leading players in the industry are combined with other new data to provide a comparative study of the dynamics of the sector in emerging markets, to emphasise the public policy implications of these developments, and place them in a wider international context. The last 25 years have seen an explosive growth in the software industry, which is still overwhelmingly dominated by firms from North America and Europe. The authors argue that a number of companies from emerging markets have made significant headway and have even consolidated their positions on account of major cost advantages. They go on to explain the factors behind these developments, and conclude that the software industry, through its ability to project good corporate governance, its lack of hierarchy and widespread use of motivating working practices and compensation schemes, has proved a powerful example to other sectors in these emerging market economies.This book will be of immense interest to both academics and practitioners with an interest in development economics or technology.Trade Review'The software industry represents a unique example of a truly global industry, growing rapidly in both developed and developing countries. This important book provides the first serious study of the growth of the industry in emerging markets, with an excellent discussion of the key cases including India, China and Brazil. Simon Commander is to be congratulated producing such a timely and policy relevant book.' -- Saul Estrin, London Business School, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. What Explains the Growth of a Software Industry in Some Emerging Markets? 2. India 3. China 4. Israel 5. Brazil Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides evolutionary and institutional perspectives on the reform of infrastructure industries, tracing the development of this process in a number of sectors and countries.The contributors contend that infrastructure based industries such as telecommunications, public transport, water management and energy have been increasingly exposed to the dynamism of the market since becoming privatized, and have therefore been stimulated into short-term efficiency and long-term innovation. Drawing on institutional economic theory backed up with case studies such as the California energy crisis, the Dutch gas industry, oil and electricity companies in Spain and the privatization of Schipol airport in Amsterdam, the book focuses on process, driving forces, and actors' roles to explain how new balances are established between competing institutions. The degree to which the processes of institutional change are predictable and the effects of deliberate strategic interventions of governments or private actors are explored. Specific technical and sector aspects and their influence on institutional change in various infrastructures are also discussed.This book will strongly appeal to academics and practitioners in politics or industry with an interest in industrial, evolutionary institutional or public sector economics.Table of ContentsContents: 1. Process and Outcomes of the Infrastructure Reform: An Evolutionary Perspective John P.M. Groenewegen and Rolf W. Künneke Part I: Process 2. Deregulation: Design, Learning and Legitimacy Atle Midttun 3. Competition Policy, Networks, and the ‘New Economy’ Erik J. Kloosterhuis and Peter A.G. van Bergeijk 4. The California Electricity Crisis: A Unique Combination of Circumstances or Symptom of a Structural Flaw Laurens J. de Vries 5. Dilemmas in Network Regulation: The Dutch Gas Industry Aad F. Correljé Part II: Outcomes 6. Regulated Mixed Firms: Does Continued State Ownership Bias Regulation? The Case of European Telecommunications Johannes M. Bauer 7. Limits of Law as Planning Mechanism in Infrastructure Industries Tony Prosser 8. The Economic Regulation of the Essential Facilities in the Oil and Electricity Industries in Spain Pablo Arocena Garro and Ignacio Contín Pilart 9. Privatization of Amsterdam Airport: Schiphol and the Public Interest Jacco R. Hakfoort Index

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Book SynopsisEconomic Growth and Distribution isolates and compares the logical structures and methodological underpinnings underlying the relationship between economic growth and distribution. It carries out an in-depth analysis of a wide range of issues connected with growth theory considered from different theoretical perspectives. Its uniqueness is derived from the original contributions by a number of scholars of different persuasions; some within the mainstream and others from Keynesian-Kaleckian-Sraffian positions. The book deals with a wide variety of research topics concerning economic growth and distribution, such as the transition from the epoch of Malthusian stagnation to the contemporary era of modern economic growth; comparisons among the classical tradition, modern theory, and heterodox models; problems of policy; dynamics and business cycles; and the role of institutions.For its emphasis on comparisons and complementariness among alternative theories of growth and distribution, Economic Growth and Distribution complements the work of advanced textbooks on the topic. It is a companion to Innovation, Unemployment and Policy in the Theories of Growth and Distribution (edited by N. Salvadori and R. Balducci) and Classical, Neoclassical and Keynesian Views on Growth and Distribution (edited by N. Salvadori and C. Panico).The book will be appreciated by scholars of the theory of economic growth, the theory of distribution, macroeconomics, classical and Keynesian economics, as well as historians of economic thought.Trade Review'. . . this volume is a valuable contribution to economic growth theory and is well worth reading.' -- Stavros Mavroudeas, Review of Radical Political EconomyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Neri Salvadori 1. Inequality and the Process of Development Oded Galor 2. The Role of Income Distribution in Long Run Endogenous Growth Amit Bhaduri 3. The Competition-of-Capitals Doctrine and the Wage–Profit Relationship Ferdinando Meacci 4. A Heterodox Growth and Distribution Model Duncan K. Foley and Lance Taylor 5. Distribution and Growth in a Post-Keynesian Stock-Flow Consistent Model Gennaro Zezza and Claudio H. Dos Santos 6. Technological Progress, Income Distribution and Capacity Utilization Fabio Hideki Ono and José Luís Oreiro 7. Demand-Led Growth and the Classical Approach to Value and Distribution: Are They Compatible? Graham White 8. Macroeconomic Volatility and Income Inequality in a Stochastically Growing Economy Cecilia García-Peñalosa and Stephen J. Turnovsky 9. The Saving–Investment Nexus in the Debate on Pension Reforms Sergio Cesaratto 10. Income Distribution and Output Change: A Macro Multiplier Approach Maurizio Ciaschini and Claudio Socci 11. A Dynamic AGE Model from a Classical–Keynesian–Schumpeterian Approach Oscar De-Juan 12. Heterodox Business Cycles Lance Taylor, Nelson H. Barbosa-Filho and Codrina Rada 13. Technological Innovation, Financial Fragility and Complex Dynamics Alberto Russo, Domenico Delli Gatti and Mauro Gallegati 14. Growth, History and Institutions Graziella Bertocchi 15. Religious Culture, Institutions and Growth Michele Bagella, Leonardo Becchetti and Stefano Caiazza 16. Trade, Poverty and Growth: Two Perspectives, One Message? Gabriella Berloffa and Maria Luigia Segnana Index

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Book SynopsisInnovation, Unemployment and Policy in the Theories of Growth and Distribution increases our understanding about the more relevant economic determinants and policy aspects of the interdependence between economic growth and income distribution.This book integrates the analytical methods and the research themes of the New Growth Theory into the cultural tradition of the Classical and post-Keynesian economists. The contributors examine technological innovations, the diffusion of knowledge, the imperfections and institutional characteristics of the labour market, the evolution of consumption patterns and of educational models and social conflicts as they relate to public spending and taxation policies. It provides a new insight into the processes of the growth of modern economies which highlights the interdependence between distribution and growth. The book shows that political and social stability, security of property rights, efficiency of the capital market, research, education, investment in physical and human capital, public spending and taxation policies are all necessary for the success and stability of a country's development process.This book will appeal to upper level students, scholars and researchers of economics and economic growth as well as those more specifically involved in labour, microeconomics and the history of economic thought.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Human Capital and Innovation 1. Human Capital, Product Market Power and Economic Growth 2. Scientific Research, Externalities and Economic Growth Part II: Variety and Quality Innovation 3. Consumption Variety and Growth 4. Consumption Composition: Growth and Distribution 5. Partial Imitation, Inequality and Growth: The Role of the Courts’ Interpretation of Patent Law Part III: Employment and Inequality 6. Bargaining, Distribution and Growth 7. Job Contact Networks, Inequality and Aggregate Output 8. Crime, Inequality and Economic Growth 9. Redistributing Opportunities in a Job Search Model: The Role of Self-Confidence and Social Norms Part IV: Public Policy 10. Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth 11. Government Debt, Growth and Inequality in Income Distribution: A Post-Keynesian Analysis 12. Foreign Debt, Growth and Distribution in an Investment-Constrained System 13. Saving Capitalism from Capitalists: Inequality, Taxation and Growth in a Concentrated Economy 14. Economic Growth and Poverty Traps: A Simple Geometry of Intergenerational Transfers Index

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Book SynopsisThis two-volume original reference work provides a comprehensive overview of development economics and comprises contributions by some of the leading scholars working in the field. Authors are drawn from around the world and write on a wide range of topics.After providing an introduction to the subject (by examining issues like the meaning and measurement of development, historical and interdisciplinary approaches, empirical regularities and data problems), the contributors provide a wealth of perspectives on, and analyses of, development economics. They discuss alternative approaches to development, the macroeconomics of growth, factors and sources of economic development (such as capital, labor, entrepreneurship, resources and technology), major sectors of concern (such as agriculture, industry, services and the informal sector) and international issues (such as trade, capital and labor flows and technology transfers). Income distribution and poverty, the state and other institutions, and actual development experiences are explored. The contributors provide analytical contributions, as well as the relation between these contributions and real world and policy issues from a variety of alternative perspectives. Scholars, students, policymakers and other development practitioners will all find this comprehensive reference invaluable.Trade Review'The essays are concise, yet comprehensive, and each essay contains a substantial set of references, which an interested researcher or student could follow up. . . In addition to representing multidisciplinary interactions, this collection encompasses several different perspectives within development economics, so the reader can learn, for example, both about neoclassical approaches and dependency theories in the same volume. This makes the collection unique and all the more valuable. . . This is a very good reference collection, as the individual essays are informative and provide a good overall perspective on the topic that they set out to address. The extensive bibliography at the end of each essay adds further value to this collection.' -- Ashwini Deshpande, Economic and Political Weekly'These new volumes impress along two dimensions. First, they highlight important connections between economic development and variables such as culture, warfare, and ethnicity, which are sometimes ignored by mainstream economists. Second, they analyze the economic development experience of different regions such as Africa, Latin America, and East Asia. . . a valuable reference for scholars and practitioners in the field. Highly recommended.' -- H.A. Faruq, ChoiceTable of ContentsContents: Volume I Preface PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. The Meaning and Measurement of Development Paul Streeten 2. Historical Perspectives on Development Amiya Kumar Bagchi 3. Empirics of Growth and Development Steven N. Durlauf, Andros Kourtellos and Chih Ming Tan 4. Structural Change and Development Moshe Syrquin 5. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Development: The ‘Institutional’ Turn Peter Evans 6. Data Problems and Empirical Modeling in Developing Economies Bill Gibson PART II: ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT 7. Historical Antecedents of Development Economics Gianni Vaggi 8. Classical Development Theory Jaime Ros 9. Theories of Dependency José Gabriel Palma 10. Structuralism José Gabriel Palma 11. Marxism and Development Bob Sutcliffe 12. Institutionalist Development Economics Kenneth P. Jameson 13. Neoclassical Development Economics Salim Rashid PART III: MACROECONOMICS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 14. General Long-run Approaches to Growth and Development Amitava Krishna Dutt 15. New Growth Theory and Development Economics Heinz D. Kurz and Neri Salvadori 16. Short-run Macroeconomic Issues in Development Peter J. Montiel 17. Sectoral Interactions in Development Jørn Rattsø 18. Open-Economy Issues in Development José Antonio Ocampo PART IV: FACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT 19. Savings, Investment and Capital Accumulation Andrés Solimano and Mario Gutierrez 20. Role of Finance and Credit in Economic Development Philip Arestis and Santonu Basu 21. Physical Infrastructure Gregory K. Ingram and Marianne Fay 22. Population and Development Dennis Ahlburg and Robert Cassen 23. Labor Markets in Developing Countries Albert Berry 24. Education and Human Capital George Psacharopoulos and Harry Anthony Patrinos 25. Health and Nutrition and Economic Development Harold Alderman, Jere R. Behrman and John Hoddinott 26. Entrepreneurship and Development E. Wayne Nafziger 27. Natural Resources and Development Richard Auty 28. The Environment and Development John McPeak 29. Technical Choice and Technological Change in Development Howard Pack PART V: SECTORS IN DEVELOPMENT 30. Factor Market Imperfections in Poor Agrarian Economies Parikshit Ghosh and Ashok Kotwal 31. The Green Revolution Robert E. Evenson 32. Industry and Industrial Policy Helen Shapiro 33. The Informal Sector Victor E. Tokman 34. Services and Development Dilip Dutta 35. Urbanization and Rural–Urban Migration Charles M. Becker Index Volume II PART VI: INTERNATIONAL ISSUES 36. International Trade and Development Francisco Rodríguez 37. Terms of Trade and Economic Development David Sapsford 38. Trade Policy and Development Henry J. Bruton 39. Foreign Direct Investment V.N. Balasubramanyam 40. Private Capital Flows and Development Stephany Griffith-Jones 41. International Capital Flows to Emerging Countries: Short- and Long-run Effects Graciela L. Kaminsky 42. Foreign Aid Steven Radelet 43. International Migration and the Brain Drain Francisco L. Rivera-Batiz 44. International Technology Transfer: The Role of Foreign Direct Investment Amy Jocelyn Glass and Kamal Saggi 45. International Institutions and Development Kunibert Raffer 46. North–South Issues Amitava Krishna Dutt PART VII: DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY 47. Measures of the Distribution of Income and their Interpretation in Developing Countries Samuel A. Morley 48. Income Distribution: Effects on Growth and Development Nancy Birdsall 49. Measuring Progress in Reducing Poverty Lyn Squire 50. Gender Issues in Development Diane Elson 51. Children and Development Paul Glewwe and Amy Damon 52. Ethnicity and Economic Development William A. Darity Jr and Russell E. Triplett PART VIII: THE STATE, INSTITUTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT 53. The Role of the State and Markets in Development Louis Putterman 54. Monetary Policy Paul R. Masson 55. Fiscal Policy Raghbendra Jha 56. Stabilization Policy and Structural Adjustment Valpy FitzGerald 57. Economic Planning in Developing Economies Bill Gibson 58. State-owned Enterprises and Privatization Anindya Sen 59. Corruption and Development Cheryl W. Gray 60. Law and Development Pranab Bardhan 61. Institutions, Property Rights and Development Jean-Philippe Platteau and Jean-Marie Baland 62. Culture and Development Roland Hoksbergen and Charles K. Wilber 63. The Economics of War: Causes and Consequences Frances Stewart and Graham Brown PART IX: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE 64. Economic Development in the Third World: An International Perspective Richard Kozul-Wright and Paul Rayment 65. Latin America and the Caribbean Albert Fishlow 66. Sub-Saharan Africa Benno J. Ndulu and Stephen A. O’Connell 67. The Middle East and North Africa Omar S. Dahi and Firat Demir 68. China Yasheng Huang 69. South Asia Prabhat Patnaik and Jayati Ghosh 70. The East Asian Newly Industrializing Countries K.S. Jomo 71. Transition Economies: Lessons for Development Ruud Knaack and Henk Jager Index

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Book SynopsisBuilding strong and dynamic systems of innovation constitutes a key challenge for the post-socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe. This book develops a strong conceptual and empirical foundation for understanding how such dynamic systems may emerge. The Dynamics of Innovation in Eastern Europe explains, in particular, how this has been possible in the case of the Estonian system of innovation in telecommunications. The book shows that the socialist historical heritage, and in particular inherited competencies, may be used in highly creative ways for generating dynamic innovation in the post-socialist context. It also uncovers the complex and multifaceted ways in which the geographical and cultural proximity to Western Europe can be creatively used as a powerful resource in the pursuit of building systems of innovation in the East. Moreover, the book demonstrates that it is possible for East European systems of innovation to develop highly creative domestic dynamics without necessarily imitating Western systems or styles of innovation. Providing a unique empirical analysis of how systems of innovation undergo far-reaching transformation and change, this book will be of interest to economists and scholars involved in issues relating to innovation, technology, economic development and East-West integration. Policymakers in the EU and in Central and East European countries and practitioners involved in innovation-related activities will also find it of great appeal.Trade Review'Per Hogselius's book is highly recommended. It contains an unusually rich empirical understanding of the evolution of the Estonian ICT sector, including its links to the knowledge base generated in the Soviet era. The book is of interest to students of the 'transition economies', of science and technology policy and of management sciences.' -- Staffan Jacobsson, Chalmers University of Technology, SwedenTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Conceptualizing the Transformation and Reorientation of Systems of Innovation 3. Historical Case Studies: A Methodological Discussion 4. The Origins of Telecommunications in Estonia (1855–1985) 5. Estonia’s Reorientation Toward the West (1985–1993) 6. Imitation and Experimentation (1993–1998) 7. The New Dynamism (1998–2004) 8. The Making of the Estonian Telecommunications System of Innovation: Analysis and Conclusion 9. The Dynamics of Innovation in Eastern Europe: Implications for Theory and Policy References Index

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Book SynopsisTechnological Superpower China explores how China is becoming a technological superpower within the global economy by integrating its national R&D programmes with the innovation systems of national and international corporations. Jon Sigurdson provides a thorough and comprehensive analysis of China's knowledge foundation in technology and R&D following its dynamic march forward in the early 1980s. The author describes how China's narrow window of opportunity - before becoming an ageing nation - has prompted the country to hurriedly mobilize resources in the hope of becoming a technological superpower within the next few decades. He examines how advances in higher education, human resources development, technology access through FDI, technology transfer, ICT, space and defence technology and corporate technology are being exploited in the race to emerge as an advanced knowledge economy nation. Exploring the changes in China that are transforming the technological landscape of the country, this book will be a fascinating read for academics, students and researchers interested in China's development, the foundations of its economic growth and its role in regional and political affairs.Trade Review'This knowledgeable book by Sigurdson and his collaborators is a solid contribution to this emerging corpus of work, and clearly belongs at the former end of the spectrum.' -- Richard P. Suttmeier, China Quarterly'Is China about to become a technological superpower? Is it only a highly efficient user of foreign technology or will it be able to innovate and challenge Europe, the US and Japan in technology as it is in manufacturing? Who are the main actors behind its technological development? These are some of the questions that concern policymakers and analysts the world over - and on which there are few available answers. Jon Sigurdson provides some fascinating and persuasive answers in this book. He describes, simply and clearly, the evolution of Chinese technology, its international links and its current trajectory. As one of the most knowledgeable people outside the region on Chinese technology and policy, he has done an invaluable service by providing detailed information on and insights into government strategy, company behaviour and the institutional framework. As a development economist working on technology policy, I would strongly recommend this book to anyone who wants to understand the Chinese "threat" and the lessons of its highly focused and targeted strategy.' -- The late Sanjaya Lall, Oxford University, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. China Becoming a Technological Superpower: A Narrow Window of Opportunity 2. National Reform Programmes and Human Resources Development 3. Technology Access through FDI and Technology Transfer 4. Research and Technological Mastery in the Corporate Sector 5. The Information and Communication Technologies: Example of Institute Reform 6. Rising Technological Capability 7. Space and Defence Technologies 8. Regional Innovation Systems in China 9. Shanghai: From Development to Knowledge City 10. China Regaining its Position as a Source of Learning Appendix: The 2020 Plan on Science and Technology Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAmidst mounting global policy attention directed toward international migration, this book offers an exhaustive review of the issues and evidence linking economic development in low-income countries with their migration experiences. The diversity of outcomes is explored in the context of; migration from East Europe and from the Maghreb to the EU; contract labor from South Asia in the Persian Gulf; highly skilled migrants moving to North America; and labor circulation within East Asia.Labor market responses at home, the brain drain, remittances, the roles of a diaspora, and return migration are each addressed, as well as an exploration of the effects of economic development upon migration and the implications of long-term dependence on a migration nexus. Robert Lucas concludes with an assessment of the winners and losers in the migration process, both at home and in the destination regions, before summarizing the main policy options open to both.This accessible and topical book offers invaluable insights to policy makers in both industrialized and developing countries as well as to scholars and researchers of economics, development, international relations and to specialists in migration.Trade Review'Robert E. B. Lucas draws together 15 chapters, including his own synopsis, on the important and somewhat controversial topic of international migration and economic development. Much prior work has focused on the interaction between internal migration and economic development with major emphasis on development in the migrants' destination. With its focus on the interaction between international migration and economic development in origin countries, this contribution diverges from much earlier work . . . Robert E. B. Lucas, is a major participant in this field of study, and he has drawn together a number of outstanding articles. Those who teach development economics would be wise to consider the International Handbook on Migration and Economic Development as a supplemental reader in their courses.' -- Michael J. Greenwood, Journal of Regional Science'. . . fascinating book. . . Lucas' study presents an overview of migration against the backdrop of globalisation, making it a fascinating and highly recommended read.' -- Antonio MartIn Artiles, Transfer'The book helps readers and policymakers to learn and think about the current status of complicated changing international migration and links with economic development in many countries and regions of the world.' -- Yasuko Hayase, The Developing Economies'Lucas provides a substantial contribution to our understanding of the effect of international migration on economic development as it exists at the turn of the millennium. He takes a remarkably even-handed approach to addressing the complex issues that surround migration and development today; seemingly willing to learn the truth no matter where it leads on this politically controversial issue. This impartial treatise will be useful to anyone studying migration, international labor markets, or economic development.' -- Kirk Dameron, Journal of Economic IssuesTable of ContentsContents: Part I: Introduction 1. The Context 2. The Determinants of Migration: Controls, Pressures and Outcomes Part II: Consequences for Economic Development in the Countries of Origin 3. Labor Market Responses to Emigration 4. Emigration of the Highly Skilled: Regimes, Costs and Responses 5. Reported and Informal Remittances: How Much? Who Sends? Who Benefits? 6. The Diaspora and Transnational Networks 7. Repeat and Return Migration: A Habit or ‘There and Back Again’ 8. Poverty, Inequality and the Social Impacts of Migration Part III: Conclusions: Policy Choices and the Political Economy of Migrations Regimes 9. Who Benefits from International Migration? Beyond Economic Development at Origin 10. Migration Regimes and Economic Development: Policy Implications References Index

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Book SynopsisThis authoritative collection demonstrates the increasing application of the law and economics methodology to the problems of developing countries. At the foundation of this application is the institutional approach to economic development, which emphasises the success or failure of key institutions in facilitating development. The impact on future research will be far-reaching and is expected to dominate the debate on development issues for a long time to come. There has been an outpouring of literature, both theoretical and empirical, that examines various facets of development from an institutional perspective and emphasises the crucial role played by the legal system in the economic development of nations. The editors have drawn together a careful selection of the key papers for inclusion in this volume, which will be an invaluable reference for lawyers, economists and development practitioners.Trade Review'This is an impressive collection of articles on a subject of vital importance for the welfare of the world's poor.' -- Deepak Lal, University of California, Los Angeles, USTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Hans-Bernd Schäfer and Angara V. Raja PART I LEGAL SYSTEMS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT A The Importance of Legal Systems and Their Impact on Growth and Development 1. Frank B. Cross (2002), ‘Law and Economic Growth’ 2. Pranab K. Bardhan (2000), ‘Understanding Underdevelopment: Challenges for Institutional Economics From the Point of View of Poor Countries’ 3. Richard A. Posner (1998), ‘Creating a Legal Framework for Economic Development’ B Legal Reforms and Obstacles to Reform 4. Kevin E. Davis and Michael J. Trebilcock (2001), ‘Legal Reforms and Development’ 5. Avinash Dixit (2003), ‘Some Lessons From Transaction-Cost Politics For Less-Developed Countries’ 6. Jonathan R. Hay and Andrei Shleifer (1998), ‘Private Enforcement of Public Laws: A Theory of Legal Reform’ C Corruption, Capture and Rent-Seeking 7. Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1993), ‘Corruption’ 8. Pranab Bardhan (1997), ‘Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues’ 9. Anne O. Krueger (1974), ‘The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society’ PART II LAW AND FINANCE A Finance, Growth, Development and the Law 10. Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1998), ‘Law and Finance’ 11. Ross Levine (1999), ‘Law, Finance, and Economic Growth’ 12. Ross Levine (1998), ‘The Legal Environment, Banks, and Long-Run Economic Growth’ 13. Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1997), ‘Legal Determinants of External Finance’ B Corporate Governance, Capital Markets and Bankruptcy 14. Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1997), ‘A Survey of Corporate Governance’ 15. Simon Johnson, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes and Andrei Shleifer (2000), ‘Tunneling’ 16. Simon Johnson, Peter Boone, Alasdair Breach and Eric Friedman (2000), ‘Corporate Governance in the Asian Financial Crisis’ 17. Elazar Berkovitch and Ronen Israel (1999), ‘Optimal Bankruptcy Laws Across Different Economic Systems’ PART III PROPERTY AND CONTRACTS 18. Gerald P. O’Driscoll Jr. and Lee Hoskins (2003), ‘Property Rights: The Key to Economic Development’ 19. Andrzej Rapaczynski (1996), ‘The Roles of the State and the Market in Establishing Property Rights’ 20. Simon Johnson, John McMillan and Christopher Woodruff (2002), ‘Courts and Relational Contracts’ 21. Eric Van Tassel (2004), ‘Credit Access and Transferable Land Rights’ PART IV THE PREDATORY STATE, LEGAL PROCESS, JUDICIARY AND SUBSTITUTES TO LEGAL PROTECTION 22. Edgardo Buscaglia (2001), ‘An Analysis of Judicial Corruption and Its Causes: An Objective Governing-Based Approach’ 23. Cheryl W. Gray (1991), ‘Legal Process and Economic Development: A Case Study of Indonesia’ 24. Douglas Marcouiller and Leslie Young (1995), ‘The Black Hole of Graft: The Predatory State and the Informal Economy’ 25. Timothy Frye and Andrei Shleifer (1997), ‘The Invisible Hand and the Grabbing Hand’ 26. Oriana Bandiera (2003), ‘Land Reform, the Market for Protection, and the Origins of the Sicilian Mafia: Theory and Evidence’ 27. Timothy Frye and Ekaterina Zhuravskaya (2000), ‘Rackets, Regulation, and the Rule of Law’ Name Index

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