Democracy Books

Book SynopsisThe 2017 publication of Betrayal of the Promise, the report that detailed the systematic nature of state capture, marked a key moment in South Africa’s most recent struggle for democracy. In the face of growing evidence of corruption and of the weakening of state and democratic institutions, it provided a powerful analysis of events that helped galvanise resistance within the Tripartite Alliance and across civil society. Working often secretly, the authors consolidated large amounts of evidence from a variety of sources. They showed that the Jacob Zuma administration was not simply a criminal network but part of an audacious political project to break the hold of white business on the economy and to create a new class of black industrialists. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) such as Eskom and Transnet were central to these plans.Shadow State is an updated version of the original, explosive report that changed South Africa’s recent history. It introduces a whole new language to discuss state capture, showing how SOEs were ‘repurposed’, how political power was shifting away from constitutional bodies to ‘kitchen cabinets’, and how a ‘shadow state’ at odds with the country’s constitutional framework was being built.Trade Review"The analysis is so brilliant. I can’t think of a better example of how academic research can shape the public debate." - Patrick Heller, Professor of Sociology and International and Public Affairs, Brown University. "This is a compelling example of how committed academics conducting rigorous research and analysis can help crystallize our understanding of fundamental problems in our society." - Blade Nzimande, General Secretary of the South African Communist PartyTable of Contents List of figures and tables Abbreviations and acronyms Key terms Acknowledgements Foreword Mcebisi Jonas Prologue Introduction Chapter 1 Structuring the Capture of the State Chapter 2 The Politics of Betrayal Chapter 3 Power, Authority and Audacity: How the Shadow State Was Built Chapter 4 Repurposing Governance Chapter 5 Conclusion Afterword Ferial Haffajee

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Book Synopsis‘What are democracies meant to do? And how does one know when one is a democratic state?’ These incisive questions and more by leading political scientist, Steven Friedman, underlie this robust enquiry into what democracy means for South Africa post 1994. Democracy and its prospects are often viewed through a lens which reflects the dominant Western understanding. New democracies are compared to idealised notions of the way in which the system is said to operate in the global North. The democracies of Western Europe and North America are understood to be the finished product and all others are assessed by how far they have progressed towards approximating this model. The goal of new democracies, like South Africa and other developing nation-states, is thus to become like the global North. Power in Action persuasively argues against this stereotype. Friedman asserts that democracies can only work when every adult has an equal say in the public decisions that affect them. From this point of view, democracies are not finished products and some nations in the global South may be more democratic than their Northern counterparts. Democracy is achieved not by adopting idealised models derived from other societies – rather, it is the product of collective action by citizens who claim the right to be heard not only through public protest action, but also through the conscious exercise of influence on public and private power holders. Viewing democracy in this way challenges us to develop a deeper understanding of democracy’s challenges and in so doing to ensure that more citizens can claim a say over more decisions in society.Trade Review"This is Steven Friedman at his best, combining an implicit passion for democratic change with considered analysis and judgement. By democratic change Friedman means going beyond electoral choice. He means that those who are poor must be able to shape and construct their own lives, structures of living and life choices. This is hardly simple and Friedman argues it is a long project in the making – but that it needs to be made. His argument forms an intellectually considered backdrop to unrest in today’s South Africa. It is a quarter century since majority rule elections were meant to transform South Africa – yet everywhere there is poverty, and there are the preludes to a great clash between elite views of what democracy entails, and what the economically disenfranchised will demand. Friedman’s book makes a critical and timely contribution to an urgent debate – timely because there may not be much time left." -- Stephan Chan, Professor of World Politics, School of Oriental & African Studies, University of LondonTable of Contents Introduction Chapter 1 The Journey Lasts Forever: Beyond ‘Democratic Consolidation’ Chapter 2 Deeper and Broader: What Makes Democracies More or Less Democratic? Chapter 3 Democracy in Deed: The Centrality of Collective Action Chapter 4 Colonisation of a Sympathetic Type? The Culture of Democracy Chapter 5 Another Lens: Collective Action and Democracy in Africa Chapter 6 Every Day is a Special Day: Collective Action as Democratic Routine Chapter 7 Power is Theirs? Why Collective Action Is Usually the Preserve of the Few Chapter 8 Collective Action as Democratic Citizenship: The Treatment Action Campaign Chapter 9 Towards Popular Sovereignty: Building a Deeper and Stronger Democracy Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisVolume 19 in the "Research in Political Sociology" series is devoted to health problems, challenges and accomplishments in democratic societies. It includes papers addressing health systems, health policies, obstacles to societal healthy behaviors, and/or health conditions that are experienced in democratic societies in the world. The democratic society is understood in a broadly defined term. It includes developed Western democracies, as well as less developed or underdeveloped countries that have democratic system. According to such definition, the category "democracies" includes democratic countries that have well established democratic system and respect broad network of people rights, as well as democracies that are formally consider democratic states but de facto respect only a few rights or their governments are guided by limited democratic principles. Therefore, the collection of the 19th volume of "Research in Political Sociology" includes papers addressing these issues in a broad spectrum of countries from India, Sri Lanka and Tanzania, to Sweden, Canada and the United States.Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Preface. Issues in Health, Democracy, and Development. Human Rights and Health Status of Girls and Young Women in Afghanistan Under the New Democracy: Forced and Child Marriages. School Health: A Way to the Future?. Health, Development, and Democracy: Health Systems in Southeast Asia and in Eastern Europe. Transformation of Health Services in Poland Since 1989 Democratization. The Nutrition and Health of Women and Children in the Aftermath of Natural Disasters. Domestic Violence Against Women in Rural Rajasthan, India: A Sociological Analysis. Women and Domestic Violence: A Case Study in Rural Sri Lanka. Natural Disaster, Gender, and Challenges: Lessons from Asian Tsunami. The Declining Health Status as Fuelled by Illusory Internal Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Is there Any Future?. Health, Gender, and Democracy in Nepal. Global Development, Populations' Health, and Democracy: Policy Recommendations. Democracies: Challenges to Societal Health. Research in Political Sociology. Research in Political Sociology. Copyright page.

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Book SynopsisThis volume highlights the ways in which scholarly analysis has contributed to a rich understanding of the links between spreading democracy, gender equality, and environmental protection. Combining theoretical, empirical, and policy perspectives, the volume includes cutting-edge debates on the meaning of democracy and the processes of its development, as well as the response of democracies to environmental and gender concerns. In particular, the volume answers questions applicable to the situation of women in the democratizing world as well as to environmental problems, linking together the issues of gender and environment. It discusses the difference between democratic and non-democratic countries in terms of protection and care for their citizens; security of women's rights and women's opportunities offered by democratic vs. non-democratic states; relations between environmental issues and gender; and women's response to environmental problems.Table of ContentsList of Contributors. Democratization and Citizenship: The Gender Dimensions of Political Representation in Nigeria. The Russian Dacha: A Repository of Civil Indifference. Gender and Democracy: An Overview for Nepal. Internet Autobiographies: Female Politicians' Representations of Gender. On the Relevance of the Principal Programs of the Leading Post-Soviet Russian Political Parties. Women in Poland: Transition to Democracy and Stereotypes. Empowering Women Using Environmentally Friendly Technology in Paper Recycling. The Strength of Face-to-Face Contacts, Personal Ties, and Institutional Links in Building Democracy: The Case of Dissident Movement in Eastern Europe. Why there is a Need to Study Democracy When Linking Environment and Gender? The Case of Environmental Disasters. Linking Environment, Democracy and Gender. Research in Political Sociology. Research in Political Sociology. Copyright page.

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Book SynopsisThe editors of this volume bring together an impressive cast of scholars on the critical relationship of democracy and governance in sustainable development. It offers an outstanding and timely contribution to the literatures in sustainability, political science, and comparative environmental politics.'- Daniel J. Fiorino, American University, US'This very timely and important collection draws together some of the world's leading thinkers on environment and development to debate one of the most important issues of our time: sustainable development. They very usefully remind us all that in order to be politically sustainable, the sustainability transition will have to find a way to maximise policy synergies in a democratically legitimate manner.'- Andy Jordan, University of East Anglia, UKThis insightful book deals with governance of the environment and sustainable development. The contributors explore the difficulties developed countries are experiencing in coming to terms with environmental limits and the resultant challenges to the democratic polity. They engage with different dimensions of the governance challenge including norms, public attitudes, citizen engagement, political conflict, policy design, and implementation, and with a range of environmental problems such as climate change, biodiversity/nature protection, and water management. The book concludes with an essay by William Lafferty that explores the flawed character of the contemporary democratic polity and offers his reflections on possible pathways to reform.This book will interest researchers, academics, and graduate students in environmental politics and public policy. It is ideal for use as supplementary reading in a wide range of university courses, while NGOs and policy-makers will also find it of considerable value.Contributors: C. Aall, S. Baker, E. Bomberg, H.T.A. Bressers, P.-O. Busch, F.H.J.M. Coenen, K. Eckerberg, H. Jörgens, W.M. Lafferty, O. Langhelle, L.J. Lundqvist, J. Meadowcroft, G. Mullally, M. Narodoslawsky, A. Ruud, M.A. SchreursTrade Review‘The editors of this volume bring together an impressive cast of scholars on the critical relationship of democracy and governance in sustainable development. It offers an outstanding and timely contribution to the literatures in sustainability, political science, and comparative environmental politics.’ -- Daniel J. Fiorino, American University, US‘This very timely and important collection draws together some of the world’s leading thinkers on environment and development to debate one of the most important issues of our time: sustainable development. They very usefully remind us all that in order to be politically sustainable, the sustainability transition will have to find a way to maximise policy synergies in a democratically legitimate manner.’ -- Andy Jordan, University of East Anglia, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Governance, Democracy and Sustainable Development: Moving Beyond the Impasse James Meadowcroft, Oluf Langhelle and Audun Ruud 2. A Changing Energy Resource Base and the Re-invention of the Region Michael Narodoslawsky 3. Trends, Drivers and Dilemmas in the Transition Towards Sustainable Water Management Frans H.J.M. Coenen and Hans T.A. Bressers 4. Local Participation and Learning in Nature Protection: A Swedish Success Story Katarina Eckerberg 5. Early Experiences of Local Climate Change Adaptation in Norwegian Society Carlo Aall 6. ‘Think Globally, Act Locally!’ But What on Earth Can Local Governments Do About Global Climate Change? Lennart J. Lundqvist 7. Moving Beyond the Impasse: Climate Change Activism in the US and the EU Elizabeth Bomberg 8. Governance and Participation for Sustainable Development in Ireland: ‘Not So Different After All?’ Gerard Mullally 9. Measuring What? National Interpretations of Sustainable Development – The Case of Norway Oluf Langhelle and Audun Ruud 10. Breaking the Impasse on Global Environmental Protection Miranda A. Schreurs 11. Governance by Diffusion: Exploring a New Mechanism of International Policy Coordination Per-Olof Busch and Helge Jörgens 12. Climate Change, the Common Good and the Promotion of Sustainable Development Susan Baker 13. Pushing the Boundaries: Governance for Sustainable Development and a Politics of Limits James Meadowcroft 14. Governance for Sustainable Development: The Impasse of Dysfunctional Democracy William M. Lafferty Index

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Book SynopsisPolitical trust - of citizens in government, parliament or political parties - has been centre stage in political science for more than half a century, reflecting ongoing concerns about the legitimacy of representative democracy. This Handbook offers the first truly global perspective on political trust and integrates the conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and empirical state of the art. An impressive, international body of expert scholars explore established and new venues of research, by taking stock of levels, trends, explanations and implications of political trust, and relating them to regional particularities across the globe. Along with a wealth of genuine empirical analyses, this Handbook also features the latest developments in personality, cognitive and emotional research and discusses, not only the relevance, but also the 'dark side' of political trust. Discerning yet accessible, this Handbook provides scholars, students and policy makers with the tools to navigate through a complexity of theories, trends, causes and consequences of political trust, whilst also directing their future research.Contributors include: R. Andeweg, M. Bargsted, D.-G. Barton, É. Bélanger, D. Canache, J.C. Castillo, F. Cavatorta, R.J. Dalton, C.C. Eckel, O.W. Gabriel, M. Grimes, A. Hakhverdian, A. Haugsgjerd, M. Hayes, M.L. Hutchison, K. Johnson, S. Kumlin, C. Liu, S. Marien, Q. Mayne, L. McLaren, J.J. Mondak, J. Muñoz, K. Newton, P. Norris, C.-M. Park, P. Rivetti, T.J. Rudolph, N.M. Somma, D. Stolle, E. Theiss-Morse, J. Thomassen, M. Torcal, E.M. Uslaner, T.W.G. van der Meer, J.W. van Deth, C. van Ham, M.E. Warren, R.K. Wilson, G. Závecz, S. ZmerliTrade Review'This Handbook offers a comprehensive account of what is currently known about political trust. In 29 chapters a stellar cast of 41 authors informs about the concept, its measurement, and correlates. In addition, they document empirically the development and distribution of political trust across the globe in different political settings. This volume is a ''must read'' for all those interested in political trust as a major resource for the political community, the political regime, and the political authorities.' --Hans-Dieter Klingemann, Social Science Research Center Berlin, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Deeply Rooted Concern with Political Trust Tom W.G. van der Meer, Sonja Zmerli PART I THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES 2. The Conceptual Framework of Political Support Pippa Norris 3. What Kinds of Trust Does a Democracy Need? Trust from the Perspective of Democratic Theory Mark E. Warren 4. Functions of Political Trust in Authoritarian Settings Paola Rivetti and Francesco Cavatorta 5. Political Trust and Multilevel Government Jordi Muñoz 6. The Measurement Equivalence of Political Trust Sofie Marien 7. Objects of Political and Social Trust: Scales and Hierarchies Sonja Zmerli and Ken Newton 8. Political Trust in Experimental Designs Rick K. Wilson and Catherine C. Eckel PART II CAUSES, CORRELATES, CONSEQUENCES Micro Level 9. Biological and Psychological Influences on Political Trust Jeffery J. Mondak, Matthew Hayes and Damarys Canache 10. Emotion, Cognition, and Political Trust Elizabeth Theiss-Morse and Dona-Gene Barton 11. Education, Socialization, and Political Trust Quinton Mayne and Armen Hakhverdian 12. Political Trust as a Heuristic Thomas J. Rudolph 13. Compliance, Trust, and Norms of Citizenship Jan W. Van Deth 14. Participation and Political Trust Oscar W. Gabriel 15. Political Trust and Voting Behaviour Eric Bélanger Meso and Macro Level 16. Procedural Fairness and Political Trust Marcia Grimes 17. Democratic Input, Macro-Economic Output, and Political Trust Tom W.G. Van Der Meer 18. The Welfare State and Political Trust: Bringing Performance Back in Staffan Kumlin and Atle Haugsgjerd 19. Political Trust, Corruption, and Inequality Eric M. Uslaner 20. Immigration, Ethnic Diversity, and Political Trust Lauren Mclaren 21. Social Capital, Civic Culture and Political Trust Christopher Liu and Dietlind Stolle 22. Political Trust and the Mass Media Ken Newton PART III POLITICAL TRUST ACROSS THE GLOBE 23. Political Trust in North America Russell J. Dalton 24. Political Trust in Latin America Matías Bargsted, Nicolás M. Somma and Juan Carlos Castillo 25. Political Trust in Western and Southern Europe Mariano Torcal 26. Post-Communist Societies of Central and Eastern Europe Gergõ Závecz 27. Political Trust in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab Region Marc L. Hutchison and Kristin Johnson 28. Political Trust in the Asia-Pacific Region Chong-Min Park 29. Political Trust and the Decline of Legitimacy Debate: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation into their Interrelationship Jacques Thomassen, Rudy Andeweg and Carolien Van Ham Index

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Book SynopsisPolitical corruption is a problem as old as society itself. As a fixture of political science and related disciplines, however, it is new and rapidly-developing, having only received very modest coverage until the late 1990s. The recent shattering of the taboo surrounding the discussion of corruption, largely attributed to its re-definition as an economic problem, has resulted in a torrent of new material on the subject. The most important of this has been brought together in this interrogative and authoritative collection.This book, including an original introduction by Professor Bo Rothstein, assembles the best papers in the field into a comprehensive examination of political corruption and will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the subject.Trade Review'Bo Rothstein, one of the world’s leading scholars working on the topic of corruption, has put together an outstanding set of articles in this new collection. Drawing on recent research that focuses on the meaning of corruption, its causes, effects, and impacts on democracy, political legitimacy and social justice, as well as on how best to fight it, the chapters in his volume provide the reader with a smorgasbord of key resources - all put into clear context in a typically perceptive introductory chapter. It will undoubtedly become established as a standard work of reference for all those interested in current debates around corruption.' -- Paul M. Heywood, University of Nottingham, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Bo Rothstein PART I POLITICAL CORRUPTION: THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM 1. Jonathan Hopkin and Andrés Rodríguez-Pose (2007), ‘”Grabbing Hand” or “Helping Hand”?: Corruption and the Economic Role of the State’, Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions, 20 (2), April, 187–208 2. Anna Persson, Bo Rothstein and Jan Teorell (2013), ‘Why Anti-Corruption Reforms Fail—Systemic Corruption as a Collective Action Problem’, Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions, 26 (3), July, 449–71 3. Susan Rose-Ackerman (2010), ‘Corruption: Greed, Culture, and the State’, Yale Law Journal Online, 120, 125–40 4. Herbert H. Werlin (2007), ‘Corruption and Democracy: Is Lord Acton Right?’, Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies, 32 (3), Summer, 359–77 5. Mark E. Warren (2004), ‘What Does Corruption Mean in a Democracy?’, American Journal of Political Science, 48 (2), April, 328–43 PART II CAUSES OF POLITICAL CORRUPTION 6. Alícia Adserà, Carles Boix and Mark Payne (2003), ‘Are you Being Served? Political Accountability and Quality of Government’, Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 19 (2), 445–90 7. Shaomin Li and Judy Jun Wu (2007), ‘Why China Thrives Despite Corruption’, Far Eastern Economic Review, 170 (3), April, 24–48 8. Gabriella R. Montinola and Robert W. Jackman (2002), ‘Sources of Corruption: A Cross-Country Study’, British Journal of Political Science, 32 (1), January, 147–70 9. Daniel Treisman (2007), ‘What Have We Learned About the Causes of Corruption from Ten Years of Cross-National Empirical Research?’, Annual Review of Political Science, 10, 211–44 PART III POLICIES AGAINST CORRUPTION 10. Peter Evans and James E. Rauch (1999), ‘Bureaucracy and Growth: A Cross-National Analysis of the Effects of “Weberian” State Structures on Economic Growth’, American Sociological Review, 64 (5), October, 748–65 11. William Chester Jordan (2009), ‘Anti-Corruption Campaigns in Thirteenth-Century Europe’, Journal of Medieval History, 35 (2), June, 204–19 12. Bo Rothstein (2011), ‘Anti-Corruption: The Indirect “Big-Bang” Approach’, Review of International Political Economy, 18 (2), May, 228–50 13. Wayne Sandholtz and Mark M. Gray (2003), ‘International Integration and National Corruption’, International Organization, 57, Fall, 761–800 PART IV EFFECTS OF POLITICAL CORRUPTION 14. Pranab Bardhan (1997), ‘Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues’, Journal of Economic Literature, XXXV (3), September, 1320–46 15. Sören Holmberg, Bo Rothstein and Naghmeh Nasiritousi (2009), ‘Quality of Government: What You Get’, Annual Review of Political Science, 12, 135–61 16. Paolo Mauro (1995), ‘Corruption and Growth’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, CX (3), August, 681–712 PART V DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL CORRUPTION 17. Eric C.C. Chang, Miriam A. Golden and Seth J. Hill (2010), ‘Legislative Malfeasance and Political Accountability’, World Politics, 62 (2), April, 177–220 18. Torsten Persson, Guido Tabellini and Francesco Trebbi (2003), ‘Electoral Rules and Corruption’, Journal of the European Economic Association, 1 (4), June, 958–89 19. Luigi Manzetti and Carole J. Wilson (2007), ‘Why do Corrupt Governments Maintain Public Support?’, Comparative Political Studies, 40 (8), August, 949–70 20. Alina Mungiu-Pippidi (2006), ‘Corruption: Diagnosis and Treatment’, Journal of Democracy, 17 (3), July, 86–99 21. John McMillan and Pablo Zoido (2004), ‘How to Subvert Democracy: Montesinos in Peru’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18 (4), Fall, 69–92 PART VI CORRUPTION AND POLITICAL LEGITIMACY 22. Christopher J. Anderson and Yuliya V. Tverdova (2003), ‘Corruption, Political Allegiances, and Attitudes Toward Government in Contemporary Democracies’, American Journal of Political Science, 47 (1), January, 91–109 23. Barry S. Rundquist, Gerald S. Strom and John G. Peters (1977), ‘Corrupt Politicians and Their Electoral Support: Some Experimental Observations’, American Political Science Review, 71 (3), September, 954–63 24. James C. Scott (1969), ‘Corruption, Machine Politics and Political Change’, American Political Science Review, 63 (4), December, 1142–58 [17] 25. Mitchell A. Seligson (2002), ‘The Impact of Corruption on Regime Legitimacy: A Comparative Study of Four Latin American Countries’, Journal of Politics, 64 (2), May, 408–33 PART VII DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLITICAL CORRUPTION 26. Nicholas Charron and Victor Lapuente (2011), ‘Which Dictators Produce Quality of Government?’, Studies in Comparative International Development, 46 (4), December, 397–423 27. John Gerring and Strom C. Thacker (2004), ‘Political Institutions and Corruption: The Role of Unitarism and Parliamentarism’, British Journal of Political Science, 34 (2), April, 295–330 28. Michael Johnston (2008), ‘Japan, Korea, The Philippines, China: Four Syndromes of Corruption’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 49 (3), April, 205–23 29. Daniel Kaufmann and Pedro C. Vicente (2011), ‘Legal Corruption’, Economics and Politics, 23 (2), July, 195–219 PART VIII SOCIAL JUSTICE AND POLITICAL CORRUPTION 30. Bo Rothstein and Eric M. Uslaner (2005), ‘All for All: Equality, Corruption, and Social Trust’, World Politics, 58 (1), October, 41–73 31. Anand Swamy, Stephen Knack, Young Lee and Omar Azfar (2001), ‘Gender and Corruption’, Journal of Development Economics, 64 (1), February, 25–55 32. Jong-sung You and Sanjeev Khagram (2005), ‘A Comparative Study of Inequality and Corruption’, American Sociological Review, 70 (1), February, 136–57 Index

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Book SynopsisThere could hardly be a more appropriate time in world history to be revisiting the issues of globalisation and democracy. After almost two centuries of what might be regarded as globalisation in the current usage of the term, has fallen into disrepute. Voters have used the ballot box to reject both the concept of globalisation and the mainstream parties that promoted it. The UK voted to leave the EU, in the 2016 'Brexit' referendum, and the US elected Donald Trump as President. This three-volume collection brings together the key writings on globalisation and democracy exploring the progression of globalisation as well as themes such as employment, international trade, technology and the environment amongst other important issues. This collection provides both scholarly and lay readers an opportunity to analyze how globalisation has impacted the world we live in today.Trade Review‘This collection provides both scholarly and lay readers an opportunity to analyze how globalization has impacted the world we live in today.’ -- Development JournalTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Research Review Jonathan Michie PART I WHERE ARE WE AND HOW DID WE GET HERE? 1. Ha-Joon Chang (2011), ‘Kicking Away The Ladder – Globalisation and Economic Development in Historical Perspective’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 24, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 465–74 2. Joel Bakan (2015), ‘The Invisible Hand of Law: Private Regulation and the Rule of Law’, Cornell International Law Journal, 48 (2), Spring, 279–300 3. François Bourguignon and Christian Morrisson (2002), ‘Inequality Among World Citizens: 1820–1992’, American Economic Review, 92 (4), September, 727–44 4. Richard E. Baldwin and Philippe Martin (1999), ‘Two Waves of Globalisation: Superficial Similarities, Fundamental Differences’, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series, W6904, 1–33 5. Bob Sutcliffe and Andrew Glyn (2011), ‘Measures of Globalisation and their Misinterpretation’ in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 4, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 87–103 PART II GLOBALISATION, GROWTH AND EMPLOYMENT 6. John H. Dunning (1973), ‘The Determinants of International Production’, Oxford Economic Papers, 25 (3), November, 289–336 7. Luis A. Rivera–Batiz and Paul M. Romer (1991), ‘Economic Integration and Endogenous Growth’, Quarterly Journal of Economics , 106 (2), May, 531–55 8. Dani Rodrik (1997), ‘Has Globalization Gone Too Far?’, California Management Review, 39 (3), Spring, 29–53 9. Jeffrey Henderson, Peter Dicken, Martin Hess, Neil Coe and Henry Wai–Chung Yeung (2002), ‘Global Production Networks and the Analysis of Economic Development’, Review of International Political Economy, 9 (3), August, 436–64 10. Axel Dreher (2006), ‘Does Globalization Affect Growth? Evidence from a New Index of Globalization’, Applied Economics, 38 (10), 1091–110 11. Jonathan Michie, Christine Oughton and Antonello Zanfei (2002), ‘Globalization, Growth and Employment’, Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, 13 (1–3), January, 1–11 12. Jonathan Michie, Christine Oughton and Matias Ramirez (2002), ‘Globalisation and Economic Performance’, Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, 13 (1–3), January, 165–83 PART III TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS 13. Gerald Epstein (2011), ‘The Role and Control of Multinational Corporations in the World Economy’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 9, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 185–99 14. Elissa Braunstein (2011), ‘Foreign Direct Investment and Development from a Gender Perspective’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 10, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 200–11 PART IV INTERNATIONAL TRADE 15. Raymond Vernon (1966), ‘International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80 (2), May, 190–207 16. Paul R. Krugman (1979), ‘Increasing Returns, Monopolistic Competition and International Trade’, Journal of International Economics, 9 (4), November, 469–79 17. John Gerard Ruggie (1982), ‘International Regimes, Transactions, and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order’, International Organization, 36 (2), Spring, 379–415 18. Michael Kitson and Jonathan Michie (1995), ‘Conflict, Cooperation and Change: The Political Economy of Trade and Trade Policy’, Review of International Political Economy, 2 (4), Autumn, 632–57 19. Jeffrey A. Frankel and David Romer (1999), ‘Does Trade Cause Growth?’, American Economic Review, 89 (3), June, 379–99 PART V GLOBALISATION AND TECHNOLOGY 20. Pari Patel and Keith Pavitt (1991), ‘Large Firms in the Production of the World’s Technology: An Important Case of “Non-Globalisation”’, Journal of International Business Studies, 22 (1), March, 1–21 21. Michael Storper (1992), ‘The Limits to Globalization: Technology Districts and International Trade’, Economic Geography, 68 (1), January, 60–93 22. Daniele Archibugi and Jonathan Michie (1995), ‘The Globalisation of Technology: A New Taxonomy’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Special Issue: Technology and Innovation, 19 (1), February, 121–40 23. Pari Patel (1995), ‘Localised Production of Technology for Global Markets’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Special Issue: Technology and Innovation, 19 (1), February, 141–53 24. John Cantwell (1995), ‘The Globalisation of Technology: What Remains of the Product Cycle Model?’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, Special Issue: Technology and Innovation, 19 (1), February, 155–74 25. Daniele Archibugi and Jonathan Michie (1997), ‘Technological Globalisation or National Systems of Innovation?’, Futures, 29 (2), March, 121–37 26. Jeremy Howells and Jonathan Michie (1998), ‘Technological Competitiveness in an International Arena’, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 5 (3), November, 279–93 27. Simona Iammarino and Jonathan Michie (1998), ‘The Scope of Technological Globalisation’, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 5 (3), November, 335–53 28. Pari Patel and Modesto Vega (1999), ‘Patterns of Internationalisation of Corporate Technology: Location vs. Home Country Advantages’, Research Policy, 28 (2–3), March, 145–55 29. Daniel Archibugi, Jeremy Howells and Jonathan Michie (1999), ‘Innovation Systems in a Global Economy’, Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 11 (4), 527–39 Volume II Contents: Acknowledgements PART I GLOBALISATION AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Paul Krugman and Anthony J. Venables (1995), ‘Globalization and the Inequality of Nations’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, CX (4), November, 857–80 2. Rajneesh Narula and John H. Dunning (2000), ‘Industrial Development, Globalization and Multinational Enterprises: New Realities for Developing Countries’, Oxford Development Studies, 28 (2), 141–67 3. Guillermo A. Calvo and Enrique G. Mendoza (2000), ‘Rational Contagion and the Globalization of Securities Markets’, Journal of International Economics, 51 (1), June, 79–113 4. Raphael Kaplinsky (2000), ‘Globalisation and Unequalisation: What Can Be Learned from Value Chain Analysis?’, Journal of Development Studies, 37 (2), 117–46 5. Jonathan Michie (2002), ‘Foreign Direct Investment and Human Capital Enhancement in Developing Countries’, Competition and Change, 6 (4), December, 363–72 6. Allen J. Scott and Michael Storper (2003), ‘Regions, Globalization, Development’, Regional Studies, 37 (6–7), August/October, 579–93 7. David Dollar and Aart Kraay (2004), ‘Trade, Growth, and Poverty’, Economic Journal, 114 (493), February, F22–F49 8. Robert Hunter Wade (2004), ‘The Causes of Increasing World Poverty and Inequality: Why the Matthew Effect Prevails’, New Political Economy, 9 (2), June, 163–88 9. Helen V. Milner and Keiko Kubota (2005), ‘Why the Move to Free Trade? Democracy and Trade Policy in the Developing Countries’, International Organization, 59 (1), Winter, 107–43 10. Nita Rudra (2005), ‘Globalization and the Strengthening of Democracy in the Developing World’, American Journal of Political Science, 49 (4), October, 704–30 11. Eddy Lee and Marco Vivarelli (2006), ‘The Social Impact of Globalization in the Developing Countries’, International Labour Review, 145 (3), September, 167–84 12. Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg and Nina Pavcnik (2007), ‘Distributional Effects of Globalization in Developing Countries’, Journal of Economic Literature, XLV (1), March, 39–82 13. Margaret McMillan, Dani Rodrik and Íñigo Verduzco-Gallo (2014), ‘Globalization, Structural Change and Productivity Growth, with an Update on Africa’, World Development, 63, November, 11–32 PART II GLOBALISATION AND LABOUR STANDARDS 14. Ajit Singh and Ann Zammitt (2011), ‘Globalisation, Labour Standards and Economic Development’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 12, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 230–56 15. Phillip Brown and Hugh Lauder (1996), ‘Education, Globalization and Economic Development’, Journal of Education Policy, 11 (1), 1–25 16. Eddy Lee (1997), ‘Globalization and Labour Standards: A Review of Issues’, International Labour Review, 136 (2), Summer, 173–89 17. Adrian Wood (1998), ‘Globalisation and the Rise in Labour Market Inequalities’, Economic Journal, 108 (450), September, 1463–82 PART III NATIONAL CASE STUDIES 18. Robert R. Kaufman and Alex Segura–Ubiergo (2001), ‘Globalization, Domestic Politics, and Social Spending in Latin America: A Time-Series Cross-Section Analysis, 1973–97’, World Politics, 53 (4), July, 553–87 19. Richard Florida (1997), ‘The Globalization of R&D: Results of a Survey of Foreign–Affiliated R&D Laboratories in the USA’, Research Policy, 26 (1), March, 85–103 20. Jonathan Michie and Vishnu Padayachee (1998), ‘Three Years after Apartheid: Growth, Employment and Redistribution?’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 22 (5), September, 623–35 21. Gordon Redding and Antony Drew (2016), ‘Dealing with the Complexity of Causes of Societal Innovativeness: Social Enabling and Disabling Mechanisms and the Case of China’, Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics, 28 (2), 107–36 22. Bob Deacon (2000), ‘Eastern European Welfare States: The Impact of the Politics of Globalization’, Journal of European Social Policy, 10 (2), May, 146–61 PART IV INDUSTRY CASE STUDIES AND CORPORATE DIVERSITY 23. John Cantwell and Rajneesh Narula (2001), ‘The Eclectic Paradigm in the Global Economy’, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 8 (2), 155–72 24. Walter Kuemmerle (1999), ‘Foreign Direct Investment in Industrial Research in the Pharmaceutical and Electronics Industries – Results from a Survey of Multinational Firms’, Research Policy, 28 (2–3), March, 179–93 25. David Bailey, Alex de Ruyter, Jonathan Michie and Peter Tyler (2010), ‘Global Restructuring and the Auto Industry’, Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society: Global Restructuring and The Auto Industry, 3 (3), November, 311–8 26. Rhys Jenkins (2005), ‘Globalization, Corporate Social Responsibility and Poverty’, International Affairs, 81 (3), May, 525–40 27. Chris Rowley and Jonathan Michie (2014), ‘Differing Forms of Capital: Setting the Scene for Mutuality and Co-operation in the Asia Pacific Region’, Asia Pacific Business Review, 20 (3), 322–9 28 Jonathan Michie and Chris Rowley (2014), ‘Mutuality in the Asia Pacific Region’, Asia Pacific Business Review, 20 (3), 506–11 PART V GLOBALISATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 29. Karen L. O’Brien and Robin M. Leichenko (2000), ‘Double Exposure: Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change Within the Context of Economic Globalization’, Global Environmental Change, 10 (3), October, 221–32 30. Clem Tisdell (2001), ‘Globalization and Sustainability: Environmental Kuznets Curve and the WTO’, Ecological Economics, 39 (2), November, 185–96 31. Petra Christmann and Glen Taylor (2001), ‘Globalization and the Environment: Determinants of Firm Self–Regulation in China’, Journal of International Business Studies, 32 (3), September, 439–58 32. Gene M. Grossman and Alan B. Krueger (1991), ‘Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement’, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series, W3914, 1–55 33. Timothy J. Foxon, Jonathan Köhler, Jonathan Michie and Christine Oughton (2013), ‘Towards a New Complexity Economics for Sustainability’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 37 (1), January, 187–208 Volume III Contents Acknowledgements PART I GLOBALISATION AND WELFARE 1. Duane Swank (1998), ‘Funding the Welfare State: Globalization and the Taxation of Business in Advanced Market Economies’, Political Studies, XLVI (4), September, 671–92 2. Elmar Rieger and Stephan Leibfried (1998), ‘Welfare State Limits to Globalization’, Politics and Society, 26 (3), September, 363–90 3. Torben Iversen and Thomas R. Cusack (2000), ‘The Causes of Welfare State Expansion: Deindustrialization or Globalization?’, World Politics, 52 (3), April, 313–49 4. Nita Rudra (2002), ‘Globalization and the Decline of the Welfare State in Less-Developed Countries’, International Organization, 56 (2), Spring, 411–45 5. Walter Korpi and Joakim Palme (2003), ‘New Politics and Class Politics in the Context of Austerity and Globalization: Welfare State Regress in 18 Countries, 1975–95’, American Political Science Review, 97 (3), August, 425–46 6. David Brady, Jason Beckfield and Martin Seeleib-Kaiser (2005), ‘Economic Globalization and the Welfare State in Affluent Democracies, 1975–2001’, American Sociological Review, 70 (6), December, 921–48 7. Reuven S. Avi-Yonah (2000), ‘Globalization, Tax Competition and the Fiscal Crisis of the Welfare State’, Harvard Law Review, 113 (7), May, 1573–676 PART II GLOBALISATION AND CULTURE 8. Jan Nederveen Pieterse (1994), ‘Globalisation as Hybridisation’, International Sociology, 9 (2), June, 161–84 9. Ronald Inglehart (2000), ‘Globalization and Postmodern Values’, Washington Quarterly, 23 (1), Winter, 215–28 10. David Harvey (2009), ‘The Art of Rent: Globalisation, Monopoly and the Commodification of Culture’, Socialist Register, 38, 93–110 PART III GLOBALISATION, DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE 11. Paul Hirst and Grahame Thompson (1992), ‘The Problem of ‘Globalization’: International Economic Relations, National Economic Management and the Formation of Trading Blocs’, Economy and Society, 21 (4), November, 357–96 12. Paul Hirst and Grahame Thompson (1994), ‘Globalization, Foreign Direct Investment and International Economic Governance’, Organization, 1 (2), October, 277–303 13. Dani Rodrik (1998), ‘Why do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?’, Journal of Political Economy, 106 (5), October, 997–1032 14. Peter Evans (1997), ‘The Eclipse of the State? Reflections on Stateness in an Era of Globalization’, World Politics, 50 (1), October, 62–87 15. Geoffrey Garrett (1996), ‘Global Markets and National Politics: Collision Course of Virtuous Circle?’, International Organization, 52 (4), Autumn, 787–824 16. Neil Brenner (1999), ‘Globalisation as Reterritorialisation: The Re-Scaling of Urban Governance in the European Union’, Urban Studies, 36 (3), March, 431–51 17. Donald F. Kettl (2000), ‘The Transformation of Governance: Globalization, Devolution and the Role of Government’, Public Administration Review, 60 (6), November/December, 488–97 18. Sidney Tarrow (2001), ‘Transnational Politics: Contention and Institutions in International Politics’, Annual Review of Political Science, 4 (1), June, 1–20 19. Quan Li and Rafael Reuveny (2003), ‘Economic Globalization and Democracy: An Empirical Analysis’, British Journal of Political Science, 33 (1), January, 29–54 and 54a–54c 20. Beth A. Simmons and Zachary Elkins (2004), ‘The Globalization of Liberalization: Policy Diffusion in the International Political Economy’, American Political Science Review, 98 (1), February, 171–89 21. Erik Swyngedouw (2004), ‘Globalisation or ‘Glocalisation’? Networks, Territories and Rescaling’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 17 (1), April, 25–48 22. Francesco Giavazzi and Guido Tabellini (2005), ‘Economic and Political Liberalizations’, Journal of Monetary Economics, 52 (7), 1297–330 23. J. Ernesto López–Córdova and Christopher M. Meissner (2008), ‘The Impact of International Trade on Democracy: A Long-Run Perspective’, World Politics, 60 (4), July, 539–75 PART IV THE EUROPEAN UNION AND NAFTA 24. Philip Arestis and Malcolm Sawyer (2011), ‘European Integration and the ‘Euro Project’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 15, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA; Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 313–23 25. Jim Stanford (2011), ‘The North American Free Trade Agreement: Context, Structure and Performance’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 16, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA; Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 324–55 PART V THE FUTURE OF GLOBALISATION AND DEMOCRACY 26. Colin Hines (2011), ‘Time to Replace Globalisation with Localisation’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 25, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 475–82 27. George DeMartino (2011), ‘Free Trade or Social Tariffs?’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 26, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 483–94 28. Photis Lysandrou (2011), ‘Global Inequality and the Global Financial Crisis: The New Transmission Mechanism’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 27, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 495–517 29. Geoffrey M. Hodgson (2011), ‘The Great Crash of 2008 and the Reform of Economics’, in Jonathan Michie (ed.), Handbook of Globalisation, Chapter 28, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 518–37 Index

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Book SynopsisAs different forms of authority becomes increasingly both distributed and inter-dependent, Frank Vibert's book offers a systemic analysis of regulation. It presents an ambitious and far-reaching study using and developing the concept of regulatory space. It studies systems as a whole and relates regulation to other systems of authority. It offers a rare example of a study that examines both the internal workings of systems and their relationships with other systems. A creative and thought-provoking work.'- Mark Thatcher, London School of Economics, UKThis groundbreaking book analyzes changing patterns of governance in modern democratic societies. Frank Vibert discusses how far we should be concerned about such changes and what we should be concerned about. Crucially, Vibert clarifies the status of regulation, revealing how regulation should be viewed, not only as a technique offering specific responses to particular policy problems, but also in its new role as the key mechanism for making adjustments between the different systems of coordination used in contemporary governance.There are three main aims of the book: first, to clarify the status and role of regulation itself in modern systems of social coordination; second, to identify the key challenges to the integrity of the different systems and how far they can be attributed to the growth of regulation and third to identify what to do to protect the integrity of the different domains against challenge. This work innovates in the use of the concept of the 'regulatory space' to analyze relationships across systems of governance as well as in the utilization of 'social framing' as methods of inquiry into why we regulate. It also breaks new ground in discussing 'accountability' in terms of being able to monitor the changing patterns.The New Regulatory Space is an interdisciplinary discussion and will appeal to scholars and researchers as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students of public administration and regulation, political economy, law and society and law and regulation. Regulatory practitioners will also find an invaluable overview of theory and practice.Contents: Introduction 1. Defining the regulatory space 2. Analysing the regulatory space 3. Framing the regulatory space 4. The regulatory space and the market 5. The regulatory space and democratic politics 6. The regulatory space and the law 7. The regulatory space and social norms 8. Inferiority: The status of the regulatory space 9. The distinctive appeal of the regulatory space 10. The dynamics of the regulatory space 11. Accountability and the integrity of systems 12. Conclusions Bibliography IndexTrade Review‘The contemporary approach of redefining regulatory space in an ever-changing society is important, and Vibert incorporates traditional theoretical frameworks to build a clear connection between authority and democratic governance. Major policy theories, such as punctuated equilibrium, bounded rationality, and incrementalism, are all applied throughout Vibert's definition of the new regulatory space, which effectively illustrates mainstream approaches to regulatory policy-making. Vibert's approach of redefining regulatory space is unique and an important contribution to his and others' fields of study.’ -- Beth M. Rauhaus, International Social Science Review‘As different forms of authority becomes increasingly both distributed and inter-dependent, Frank Vibert’s book offers a systemic analysis of regulation. It presents an ambitious and far-reaching study using and developing the concept of regulatory space. It studies systems as a whole and relates regulation to other systems of authority. It offers a rare example of a study that examines both the internal workings of systems and their relationships with other systems. A creative and thought-provoking work.’ -- Mark Thatcher, London School of Economics, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Defining the regulatory space 2. Analysing the regulatory space 3. Framing the regulatory space 4. The regulatory space and the market 5. The regulatory space and democratic politics 6. The regulatory space and the law 7. The regulatory space and social norms 8. Inferiority: The status of the regulatory space 9. The distinctive appeal of the regulatory space 10. The dynamics of the regulatory space 11. Accountability and the integrity of systems 12. Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe overseas Chinese democracy movement (OCDM) is one of the world's longest-running and most difficult exile political campaigns. This unique book is a rare and comprehensive account of its trajectory since its beginnings in the early 1980s, examining its shifting operational environment and the diversification of its activities, as well as characterizing its distinctive features in comparison to other exile movements. Chen Jie takes an empirical approach to the history of the OCDM, drawing on extensive primary sources and his own significant field research, including interviews with major dissident figures. He explores the changing roles of activists since the events of Tiananmen Square and the movement's subsequent heyday, highlighting the diverse positions occupied today as a result of internal division and evolving geopolitical circumstances. Using the analytical framework of exile politics, Chen also examines such issues as China's relationship with Taiwan and the implications of the expanding global Chinese diaspora.Academics and postgraduate students studying Chinese politics and international relations, as well as those with an interest in diaspora studies, will find this book invaluable. It will also provide important understanding of Chinese exiles and activists to government officials and those working in international political foundations, funding bodies and human rights organisations.Trade Review‘Chen’s book serves as a seminal, if not pre-eminent reference work on the overseas Chinese democracy movement. It is very much recommended reading for better understanding the domestic and external politics of modern Chinese society and the constantly evolving and diverse nature of the Chinese diaspora.’ -- James To, New Zealand International Review‘This is the best book ever written on the contemporary Overseas Chinese Democratic Movement, presenting an objective analysis of its strength and weaknesses, with a certain amount of empathy. It is very well informed and is a must read for anyone who wants to approach this important subject.’ -- Jean-Philippe Béja, The China Quarterly‘Chen’s work on the Overseas Chinese Democracy Movement makes for an illuminating read. Chen demonstrates that ethnic identity and political allegiance does not – and need not – align, particularly when it comes to the political objectives of exiled dissidents. The book, therefore, serves as an interesting corrective to the constant reassertion of the party lens and puts forward a fresh framework for understanding the (un)democratic future of China.’ -- Axel Dessein, International Affairs'This outstanding book provides a realistic and balanced assessment of the Overseas Chinese Democracy Movement. The author accesses wide networks of overseas Chinese democracy organisations, offering rare and richly detailed information. The book deserves to be required reading for all courses on Chinese politics, Chinese democratisation, and exile politics.' --Baogang He, Deakin University, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Take-Off, Expansion and Implosion 2. Deteriorating Operational Environment 3. Struggle under the New Normal Circumstances 4. The Chinese Exile Politics from a Comparative Perspective Conclusion References Index

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Book SynopsisExploring the EU's Legitimacy Crisis provides a profound analysis of the causes and the consequences of the EU's growing legitimacy problem. Since the onset of the eurozone crisis the EU's governance has been narrowly driven by the semi-hegemonial leadership of Germany - manifesting itself in functionalist and technocratic policy reforms concentrated on strengthening economic governance coordination. Other crucial policy areas have been neglected as member states show decreasing solidarity and a growing emphasis on national interests in response to mounting external challenges. This book examines these developments in detail by scrutinising the EU's ability to maintain legitimacy through political leadership, democratic accountability and governance efficiency.This state-of-the-art exploration of the EU's internal and external challenges, including the eurozone and the migration crisis, provides critical analysis of the EU's leadership in the context of diverging national interests. The author outlines the essential background to understanding the rise in euroscepticism in the EU and provides an insightful analysis of the 2014 European Parliament election Spitzenkandidaten system.A comprehensive critical analysis of the latest developments in the EU's major policy areas in terms of their problem-solving capacity and democratic legitimacy is also included. This timely exploration of the reality of the EU's governance in light of persistent crises will appeal to students, academics and practitioners interested in the development of the EU, its member states and European politics more generally.Trade Review'This outstanding timely study critically assesses how the EU could move towards a perfect storm of multiple legitimacy crises. Through a combination of innovative theoretical thinking and empirical original research Christian Schweiger excels in analysing the gap between input (politics) and output legitimacy (policy). He convincingly argues that the method of technocratic legitimacy has reached its limits and the mechanisms enhancing input legitimacy are still inadequate. Schweiger argues that the nationally oriented strategies of member states, particularly the Franco-German partnership, which create multiple joint-decision making traps that are increasingly blocking further development of the EU are part of the problem. Schweiger provides an indispensable well-researched study that will guide scholars and practitioners to find a new way to re-invigorate one of the most extraordinary and original peace project of our times.' --Jose M. Magone, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Germany'The current multifaceted and mutating EU crisis cannot be traced to the euro area alone, however important that is. In this impressive and path-breaking study by Christian Schweiger the roots of the present crisis are revealed through a combination of political science and economics scholarship. The central weakness is weak legitimacy. There is a problem with input legitimacy (direct citizen participation) but more importantly the EU's reliance on output legitimacy is undermined, as in the case of national government by a delivery deficit which weakens the trust of citizens. In a masterpiece of clear analysis Schweiger fleshes out these ideas in a comprehensive account of the development of the EU and concludes with suggestions for addressing the difficulties to which they have given rise. This is a ''must-read'' for all EU scholars and their students.' --William E. Paterson OBE FAcSS, Aston University, UK'After the UK's shock Brexit vote of 23 June 2016 the issue of EU's legitimacy crisis is more obvious than ever. Having explained in detail the manifold problems of the European Union in seven very informative chapters, Christian Schweiger asks for ''rebuilding public trust in the European project'' in his final summary. Maybe the UK's decision - by a slim majority for such a far-reaching decision - to exit can be the decisive trigger to enable the EU to ''rebuild the foundations of the European project'' that the author asks for in his book which was finished prior to the referendum. Schweiger correctly argues that it ''will take resolve in combination with honesty and visionary leadership to turn things around''. He clarifies, however, that this is possible and definitely worthwhile. Among the wealth of literature on the legitimacy problem of the EU, this book deserves to be seen as a major contribution to the contemporary debate. Schweiger's monograph provides an excellent analysis and an engaging must-read for politics academics and students in the EU-28/27 and the Anglo-Saxon countries. It will undoubtedly stimulate further research and debate on the controversial issues of the EU's legitimacy.' --Lothar Funk, Dusseldorf University of Applied Sciences, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: The Process of Institutionalised European Integration and the Permissive Consensus of the First Four Decades 2. After Maastricht: How the EU Started Losing its Citizens 3. Who Calls the Shots? the EU's Unstable Leadership Constellation Between Bipolarity, Variable Geometry and Semi-Hegemony 4. Towards a Core-Periphery Divide: the Financial Crisis and the New Wave of Technocratic Spill-Over 5. Freedom Without a Purpose? – The Flaws of the Single European Market 6. The 2014 European Parliament Elections and the Limited Success of the Spitzenkandidaten System 7. Managing Instability and Insecurity in the Neighbourhood: the EU's Disjointed External Relations 8. Rebuilding Public Trust in the European Project: Concluding Recommendations Index

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Book SynopsisThe transformative impacts of digitalization on society are visible both within nation states and across borders. Information and communication technologies are typically considered beneficial for democracy. Nevertheless, this book explores the challenges that technology brings to democracy, and in so doing advances our understanding of this crucial digital, social and political phenomenon. It contributes to the broader discussion of the relationship between international, national and sub-national norms, institutions and actors in an increasingly connected world. Insightful and current, this book offers a wide variety of perspectives in an area where there is still not yet an extensive body of research. It considers, for example: the extent to which new forms of digital political engagement change traditional democratic decision-making; how receptive national governments and authorities are to digital democratic movements; how governments can uphold the values of democratic society while also ensuring flexibility with regard to the private sector; and how we should judge these developments in light of the cross-border effects of digitalization. Understanding the influence of digitalization on democracy is crucial. As such, this book will appeal to a broad audience including, but not limited to, social scientists, policy makers, legal researchers, NGOs, governments, students and lawyers.Contributors include: M. Adams, A. Banerjee, E. Bayamlioglu, C.L. Blake, J. Cudmore, C. Cuijpers, A. Dumas, C.R. Farina, M.-J. Garot, T. Gylfason, H.L. Kong, E.A. Lazzari, P.L. Lindseth, N. Luka, A. Meuwese, L.F.M. Moncau, C. Nam, M. Newhart, U. Pagallo, I. Pernice, C. Prins, R. Radu, M.S.G. Rosina, R. Weill, K. van Aeken, B. Zhao, N. ZingalesTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. Digitalization through the lens of law and democracy Maurice Adams and Corien Prins Part I Theoretical and Comparative Perspectives 2. E-democracy, the global citizen, and multilevel constitutionalism Ingolf Pernice 3. In search of the Holy Grail: a principled approach to multistakeholder governance in internet policy-making Nicolo Zingales, Roxana Radu 4. The broken promises of democracy in the information era Ugo Pagallo 5. Depoliticization in the digital infosphere: When communication runs counter-democratic Emre Bayamlioglu 6. The ambivalence of the impact of digitalization on democracy through the lens of privacy and transparency Colette Cuijpers 7. Election integrity: the constitutionality of transitioning to electronic voting in comparative terms Rivka Weill Part II Case Studies 8. Digital democracy in Brazil: is technology a game-changer? Mônica Steffen Guise Rosina, Luiz Fernando Marrey Moncau and Eduardo Alves Lazzari 9. Deliberative democracy and digital urban design in a Canadian city: The case of the McGill Online Design Studio Hoi L. Kong, Nik Luka, Jaimie Cudmore and Andrea Dumas 10. Digital support for enhanced democratic participation in US rulemaking Cynthia R. Farina, Cheryl L. Blake, Mary Newhart and Chaebong Nam 11. The European Citizens’ Initiative: an effective tool to promote a digital European democracy? Marie-José Garot 12. Digital tools and the derailment of Iceland´s new constitution Thorvaldur Gylfason and Anne Meuwese 13. Digital democracy in Belgium and the Netherlands. A socio-legal analysis of technologies, embedding and expectations of two Fourth Wave innovations Koen van Aeken 14. Digitization and democracy in China: the new Hunger Games Bo Zhao 15. Internet censorship in India: Internet censorship in India: the law and beyond Arpan Banerjee Epilogue 16. Technology, Democracy, and Institutional Change Peter L. Lindseth Index

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Book SynopsisWhile liberal-representative democracies tend to conform to a consensus-based post-political paradigm where there is no space for alternatives and dissensus; new forms of democracy in practice are emerging from below. This book explores new socially innovative initiatives that have appeared following the 2011 global uprisings. Initiatives that flourish not only as alternative responses to current social needs but also as new forms of democracy, a democracy that comes from below, by and for the 'have-nots'. Combining theories of social innovation and collective leadership, this book analyses how disadvantaged communities have addressed the effects of economic recession in two global cities: Barcelona and New York. It draws upon several socially innovative initiatives in four neighbourhoods, and offers new knowledge, ideas and tools, both to better understand how social needs could be effectively and democratically satisfied, and to foster social change initiatives at the community level. Civic capacity and democratic leadership practices emerge as crucial factors to make social change happen. The book advances both theoretical and empirical understandings of social change and will appeal to scholars in urban studies, geography, leadership studies, political science and sociology. It will also be of interest to practitioners, policy makers and leaders in social organizations, as it provides ideas and tools to help foster social change.Trade Review'In this book the authors disentangle why some social innovations work in the most vulnerable and disenfranchised neighbourhoods. From a leadership perspective, what becomes evident is that no one person galvanizes a neighborhood; rather, progress often comes about through social collective practices and agency. Furthermore, as the authors point out, democratic change arises from below, for and by the ''have-nots.'' Readers are treated both to insightful theory-building, particularly using constructionist insight, and to in-depth application, through four well-documented case studies.' --Joe Raelin, Northeastern University, US'Since the 1970s cities have been inundated by socio-economic crises: the reinstitution of urban unevenness was accelerated by the first oil crisis, the deregulation of labour markets, privatization of prosperous and equity-generating public activities, financial and mortgage-related catastrophes, environmental injustices in the built environment, and so forth. For decades citizens in the most affected urban neighbourhoods have fought back against these ordeals. In their book, Marc Pares, Sonia M. Ospina and Joan Subirats critically explore these urban struggles. The authors demonstrate how socially innovative collective practices emerging from below, become powerful socio-political movements capable of transforming market democracy into people-centred and bottom-linked democracy.' --Frank Moulaert, University of Leuven, BelgiumTable of ContentsContents: Introduction and overview PART I - SOCIAL INNOVATION AGAINST THE CRISIS: FRAMING OUR RESEARCH 1. Social innovation and relational leadership: opening up new perspectives on social change 2. Geographies of crisis: comparing the United States and Europe through New York and Barcelona PART II - THEORIZING SOCIAL CHANGE THROUGH NEIGHBOURHOOD FEATURES AND LEADERSHIP 3. Neighbourhood resilience, civic capacity and historical-geographical context 4. Democratic leadership: the work of leadership for social change PART III - COMMUNITIES ENGAGED IN SOCIAL CHANGE: ANALYSING SOCIAL INNOVATION FROM BELOW 5. Bushwick: emerging innovations in a dramatically gentrified neighbourhood 6. South Bronx: a whole community fighting social exclusion 7. Nou Barris Nord: community resistance in a highly vulnerable context 8. Sants: seeking autonomous self-management from below 9. Learning from socially innovative initiatives and leadership practices Index

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Book Synopsis'While market activity and political activity are often analyzed independently of each other, Wagner demonstrates their interdependence. His novel analysis shows that politics has a level of complexity well beyond the way it is typically depicted in the social sciences, and shows that political activity has more in common with market activity than is commonly recognized. The book offers a wide range of insights and pushes readers to take a more nuanced view of politics.'- Randall G. Holcombe, Florida State University, USEconomists typically treat government as something outside the business realm, a sort of 'Lord of the Manor'. Richard Wagner argues that this is the wrong approach and can ultimately be destructive to capitalism and to society.Modern governments are a peculiar form of business enterprise. They face the same problems as regular businesses, such as ascertaining demand and organizing production, and act within the system in a way that can lead to a parasitical relationship with the market. Largely rooted in political economy, this book develops new theoretical ideas and formulations to explain why democracy is a difficult form of government to maintain. The author explores how and why limited governments can morph into a system of destructive politics, and looks at ways to escape this process.This dynamic book will be useful for public choice scholars, economists, political scientists, and lawyers who are interested in political economy in its various guises.Trade Review'There is more to the theory of entangled political economy than just noting superficial similarities to, say, particle physics. In this, I believe, the author has succeeded. He has devised an intriguing theoretical framework and applied it to interesting issues in public choice and public finance, and I am comfortable recommending it to all scholars working on these topics, broadly conceived.' --Alexander William Salter, Public Choice'Wagner sees a complex web of interrelations ("entanglements") between the public and private spheres of human action in which neither set of actors operates independently of the other. Combining insights from Austrian economics, such as the impossibility of economic calculation in the absence of explicit price and profit signals, the methodological individualism of public choice scholars and an analytical approach that rejects partial equilibrium models in favor of ''systems thinking'' about markets and governments, Politics as a Peculiar Business ranges widely to ask and answer important questions about the foundations of a free society, including how to undo the "Faustian bargain" between citizens and an overweening state.' --William F. Shughart II, Utah State University, US'Political competition, like market competition, is a discovery process. But politics involves many people paying different costs to settle on one outcome, where markets involve many people responding in different ways to a single market price. As Wagner points out in this lively book, the two processes are ''entangled,'' so analyses that separate politics and markets mislead. Worse, politics have ensnared markets, as mechanisms created to protect economic liberty increasingly promote political control instead. Politics in the US is a business, a peculiar business. And Wagner's book is a profound step toward understanding the reasons, and implications, of this fact.' --Michael C. Munger, Duke University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Public Choice and the Virginia Tradition of Political Economy 2. Alternative Paths for a Theory of Political Economy 3. Systems Theory and Parts-to-whole Relationships 4. The Logic of Economizing Action: Universal Form and Particular Practice 5. Reason, Sentiment, and Electoral Competition 6. Parasitical Political Calculation 7. Societal Tectonics and the Art of the Deal 8. Moral Imagination and Constitutional Arrangement Index

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Book SynopsisConceptualising the new phenomenon of constitutional crowdsourcing, this incisive book examines democratic legitimacy, participation, and decision-making in constitutions and constitutionalism. It analyses how the wider population can be given a voice in constitution-making and in constitutional interpretation and control, thus promoting the exercise of original and derived constituent power.Chapters investigate the complex relationship and potential relationships between crowdsourcing, democratic constitutionalism and the network society, exploring the strengths and weaknesses of crowdsourcing in this area. This thought-provoking book concludes that constitutionalism is further strengthened because the democratic legitimacy of the constitutional text is reinforced via this mechanism. Antoni Abat i Ninet conceives constitutional crowdsourcing as an epistemic response, an opportunity to place the people at the heart of constitutionalism in the new digital era.Engaging and accessible, Constitutional Crowdsourcing will be of benefit to students and scholars of legal theory, constitutional and administrative law, political science and constitutions. Its forward-looking aspect will also appeal to public officers seeking a better understanding of the potential impact of constitutional crowdfunding.Trade Review‘A fascinating meditation about the implications of the new technologically and digitally connected world we now all live in for such fundamental conceptions as the identity of “a singular ‘people’”in whose name sovereignty is claimed. At a more concrete level, should we welcome the genuine possibility that people connected to the modern internet could become the source of new constitutions and the legitimacy attached to them? Along the way, the author provides important discussions of the traditional animosity, in most political theory, to the demos, often described in terms of being a “mob,” or a “crowd,” resistant to the necessary leadership of wise elites. The tendencies identified by Professor Abat i Ninet are bound to be ever more important in the future, perhaps in ways we can scarcely envision at present.’ -- Sanford V. Levinson, The University of Texas at Austin, US‘Dare to get lost in this unmissable, erudite dive into the crowds present, past, and future – and their essential constitutional significance!’ -- Dimitry Kochenov, Central European University‘Through a theoretically and comparatively rich analysis, Antoni Abat i Ninet brings to the surface the radical democratic potential of constitutional crowdsourcing. This is a must read for both comparative constitutional lawyers and political theorists, as well as for anyone interested in constitution-making, constituent power, and popular participation in politics.’ -- Joel Colón-Rios, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand‘The rise of the Internet is revolutionizing the foundations of democratic politics with bewildering speed. Ninet rightly emphasizes the profound ways in which new technologies challenge traditional understandings of political identity – and calls on his readers to confront the unprecedented challenges required to reconstruct constitutional legitimacy in the brave new world of the twenty-first century.’ -- Bruce Ackerman, Yale University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction to Constitutional Crowdsourcing 2. The crowd in democratic constitutionalism 3. The network society and democratic constitutionalism 4. Crowdsourcing and constitution-making 5. Crowdsourcing in constitutional interpretation and control Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisMinisters, Minders and Mandarins brings together the leading academics in this specialty to rigorously assess the impact and consequences of political advisers in parliamentary democracies. The ten contemporary and original case studies focus on issues of tension, trust and tradition, and are written in an accessible and engaging style. Using new empirical findings and theory from a range of public policy canons, the authors analyze advisers' functions, their differing levels of accountability and issues of diversity between governments. Cases include research on the tensions in the UK, the possible unease in Swedish government offices and the role of trust in Greece. Established operations in Australia, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand are compared to relative latecomers to advisory roles, such as Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark. A key comparative work in the field, this book encourages further research into the varied roles of political advisers.Offering an excellent introduction to the complex role political advisers play, this book will be of great interest to upper undergraduate and postgraduate students studying political science and policy administration, as well as researchers and scholars in public policy.Contributors include: A. Blick, P.M. Christiansen, B. Connaughton J. Craft, C. Eichbaum, T. Gouglas, H. Houlberg Salomonsen, T. Hustedt, M. Maley, P. Munk Christiansen, B. Niklasson, P. Ohberg, R. Shaw, C. van den BergTrade Review'Ministerial advisers have grown rapidly in parliamentary democracies. Scholarship has struggled to keep up. This book breaks new ground by bringing together leading scholars from European and Westminster systems in a fascinating comparative study.' --Robert Hazell, UCL, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: Ministers, minders and mandarins Richard Shaw and Chris Eichbaum 2. Australia: Applying an institutional lens to political staff Maria Maley 3. Canada: Flexing the political arm of government Jonathan Craft 4. Denmark: Loyalty and the political adviser bargain Peter Munk Christiansen and Heidi Houlberg Salomonsen 5. Germany: The smooth and silent emergence of advisory roles Thurid Hustedt 6. Greece: Political advisers and circles of trust in Greek ministerial cabinets: Cardinals of the conclave, managers and the children of favouritism Athanassios Gouglas 7. Ireland: Steps towards a political coordination role for ministerial advisers Bernadette Connaughton 8. The Netherlands: The emergence and encapsulation of ministerial advisers Caspar van den Berg 9. New Zealand: Bargains, compacts and covenants in the core executive Richard Shaw and Chris Eichbaum 10. Sweden: Civil servants and political advisers as adversaries Birgitta Niklasson and Patrik Öhberg 11. Special advisers in the United Kingdom: Tensions in Whitehall Andrew Blick 12. Conclusion: New directions in studying ministerial advisers Richard Shaw and Chris Eichbaum Index

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Book SynopsisThis book considers the current and future significance of the G20 by using International Relations theory to examine its political impact as an informal form of global governance. International Relations theory is shown to represent a broad range of political positions that can effectively analyze the various factors that influence world politics. The contributions to this book examine the influence and significance of informal global governance in contemporary global politics and advance G20 scholarship past the typical observations from economic and international policy perspectives. Chapters cover various accounts of how the G20 influences world politics, the driving forces behind the G20 and the ways in which the G20 could or should be reformed in the future. International Relations theory is able to inform a better understanding of how the G20 operates and also explore potential improvements for the international forum to adapt to the rapid developments in global politics. Students and scholars of international relations, global governance, diplomacy and globalization will find this book offers a fresh and enlightening perspective on the G20. Contributors include: A. Alexandroff, C. Byrne, T. Chodor, C. Downie, S. Harris-Rimmer, J. Luckhurst, T. Naylor, S. Slaughter, K. Tienhaara, F. Vabulas, L.A. ViolaTrade Review'Steven Slaughter's book is a most welcome addition to the G20 and global governance literature. The work contains a theoretically sophisticated understanding of legitimacy as applied to the premier forum of economic collective action. Although the core audience will be students focused on key concepts and practices related to 21st century summitry, the book deserves a wider audience interested in the evolution of international politics.' --Andrew F. Cooper, University of Waterloo, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Theorizing the G20 Steven Slaughter 1. Liberal Theory, Liberal Context and the G20 Alan S. Alexandroff 2. The G20 and Realist International Relations Theory Steven Slaughter 3. Rational Choice and the G20 Felicity Vabulas 4. The G20 and the English School Tristen Naylor 5. A Constructivist Approach to the G20 Jonathan Luckhurst 6. The G20 Through the Lens of Historical Institutionalism Lora Anne Viola 7. A Nébuleuse for a New World Order? The G20 from a neo-Gramscian Perspective Tom Chodor 8. Feminist Approaches to Global Economic Governance: The G20 as a Platform for Step Change? Susan Harris-Rimmer and Caitlin Byne 9. Green Theory and the G20 Kyla Tienhaara and Christian Downie Conclusion: International Relations Theory and the Future of the G20 Steven Slaughter Index

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Book SynopsisDemocracies are currently undergoing a period of both challenge and renewal. Democratic innovations are proliferating in politics, governance, policy, and public administration. This Handbook of Democratic Innovation and Governance advances understanding of democratic innovations by critically reviewing their importance throughout the world. The overarching themes are a focus on citizens and their relationship to these innovations, and the resulting effects on political equality and policy impact. The Handbook covers different types of democratic innovations; their potential to combat current problems with democracy; the various actors involved; their use in different areas of policy and governance; their application in different parts of the world; and the methods used to research them. Contributors therefore offer a definitive overview of existing research on democratic innovations, while also setting the agenda for future research and practice. Featuring a critical combination of theoretical, empirical and methodological work on democratic innovations, this insightful Handbook balances depth, originality and accessibility to make it an ideal research companion for scholars and students of democratic governance alike. Public administrators and participation practitioners will also benefit from its guidance on citizen engagement processes. Contributors include: G. Allegretti, J. Alver, E. Andersson, G. Baiocchi, B. Bedsted, S. Beste, L. Bherer, W. Blijleven, A. Bua, S. Bussu, E. Challies, J. Corbett, S.R. Davies, R. Dean, S. Elstub, O. Escobar, M. Evans, I. Ferreira, M. Flinders, E. Ganuza, B. Geissel, K. Grönlund, C. Harris, C.M. Hendriks, F. Hendriks, K. Herne, N.W. Jager, M.C. Jaramillo, M. Jäske, L. Kallio, C.F. Karpowitz, C.W. Lee, R. Levy, R. Lightbody, N. Mikami, J. Newig, S. Niemeyer, I. O'Flynn, L.J. Parry, T. Peixoto, T. Pogrebinschi, G. Pomatto, C. Raphael, M. Rask, J. Roberts, M. Ross, H. Russon Gilman, M. Ryan, M. Setälä, G. Smith, P. Spada, J. Steiner, G. Stoker, J. Talpin, A. Thompson, N. Thompson, M. van Hulst, A. Weale, M. Wood, D. WyssTrade Review'Stephen Elstub and Oliver Escobar have assembled an impressive lineup of established and emerging scholars to tell you just about everything you need to know about the state of democratic innovation, its importance, and its future prospects. An essential guide to this crucial and growing field.' --John S. Dryzek, University of Canberra, Australia'Around the world democracies are undergoing something of a renewal resulting in a proliferation of democratic innovations across the globe, Elstub and Escobar's Handbook is a timely and important contribution to the field across theory and practice. It will be an invaluable resource for researchers, practitioners, civil society activists and governments.' --Jane Suiter, Dublin City University, Ireland'At a time when our legacy institutions of representative democracy badly need supplementing so that the democratic project will continue to move forward, this volume impressively advances and consolidates the rapidly developing field of democratic innovations.' --Mark E. Warren, University of British Columbia, CanadaTable of ContentsContents Introduction to the Handbook of Democratic Innovation and Governance : the field of democratic innovation 1 Oliver Escobar and Stephen Elstub SECTION I TYPES OF DEMOCRATIC INNOVATION 1. Defining and typologising democratic innovations 11 Stephen Elstub and Oliver Escobar 2. Democratic innovations and theories of democracy 32 Ian O’Flynn 3. Mini-publics: design choices and legitimacy 45 Clodagh Harris 4. Collaborative governance: between invited and invented spaces 60 Sonia Bussu 5. The long journey of participatory budgeting 77 Ernesto Ganuza and Gianpaolo Baiocchi 6. Referendums and citizens’ initiatives 90 Maija Jäske and Maija Setälä 7. Digital participation 105 Hollie Russon Gilman and Tiago Carneiro Peixoto SECTION II DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS AND THE DEMOCRATIC MALAISE 8. Does political trust matter? 120 Gerry Stoker and Mark Evans 9. Accountability and democratic innovations 135 Albert Weale 10. Anti-politics and democratic innovation 148 Matthew Flinders, Matthew Wood and Jack Corbett 11. The impact of democratic innovations on citizens’ efficacy 161 Paolo Spada SECTION III ACTORS IN DEMOCRATIC INNOVATION 12. Facilitators: the micropolitics of public participation and deliberation 178 Oliver Escobar 13. Consultants: the emerging participation industry 196 Laurence Bherer and Caroline W. Lee 14. Public servants in innovative democratic governance 209 Wieke Blijleven, Merlijn van Hulst and Frank Hendriks 15. Experts: the politics of evidence and expertise in democratic innovation 225 Ruth Lightbody and Jennifer J. Roberts 16. Advocates: interest groups, civil society organisations and democratic innovation 241 Carolyn M. Hendriks 17. The role of elected representatives in democratic innovations 255 Nivek Thompson 18. Journalists: the role of the media in democratic innovation 269 Gianfranco Pomatto SECTION IV DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS IN POLICY AND GOVERNANCE 19. Democratic innovations and the policy process 282 Adrian Bua 20. Democratic innovation in science and technology 297 Sarah R. Davies 21. Democratic innovation in social policy 310 Rikki Dean 22. Democratic innovation and environmental governance 324 Jens Newig, Edward Challies and Nicolas W. Jager 23. Democratic innovation in constitutional reform 339 Ron Levy 24. Democratic innovation in transnational and global governance 354 Mikko Rask, Bjørn Bedsted, Edward Andersson and Liisa Kallio SECTION V DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS AROUND THE WORLD 25. Democratic innovations in North America 371 Christopher F. Karpowitz and Chad Raphael 26. Democratic innovations in Latin America 389 Thamy Pogrebinschi and Melisa Ross 27. Democratic innovations in Europe 404 Brigitte Geissel 28. Trends in democratic innovation in Asia 421 Naoyuki Mikami 29. Democratic innovation in Australasia 435 Lucy Parry, Jane Alver and Nivek Thompson 30. Local democratic innovations in Africa 449 Isabel Ferreira and Giovanni Allegretti SECTION VI RESEARCH METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF DEMOCRATIC INNOVATIONS 31. Quantitative methods in democratic innovation research 472 Simon Beste and Dominik Wyss 32. Qualitative approaches to democratic innovations 486 Julien Talpin 33. Mixed methods research in democratic innovation 501 Oliver Escobar and Andrew Thompson 34. Using experiments to study democratic innovations 515 Kimmo Grönlund and Kaisa Herne 35. From discourse quality index to deliberative transformative moments 527 Maria Clara Jaramillo and Jürg Steiner 36. Analysing deliberative transformation : a multi-level approach incorporating Q methodology 540 Simon Niemeyer 37. Comparative approaches to the study of democratic innovation 558 Matt Ryan CONCLUDING CHAPTER 38. Reflections on the theory and practice of democratic innovations 572 Graham Smith Index 583

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Book SynopsisMany democratic theorists have viewed the recent innovations adopted throughout Latin America in a positive light. This evaluation has engendered the idea that all innovations are democratic and all democratic innovations are able to foster citizenship. Presenting a realistic analysis of both the positive and negative aspects of innovation, this book argues that these innovations ought to be examined at the intersection between design and the political system.The Two Faces of Institutional Innovation offers a new perspective on developments such as participatory budgeting, the National Electoral Institute (INE) and the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in Mexico and comités de vigilancia in Bolivia, and evaluates the extent to which, in reality, citizens were involved in decision-making, distributive policies and citizen education. Further chapters also examine the expansion of innovation to the field of judicial institutions - one of the key areas in which innovation took place in Latin America, showing that the role of legal corporations in democracy cannot be compared with the role of engaged citizens.Contemporary and astute, this book will captivate students and scholars researching in the areas of innovation policy and regulatory governance. Its analysis of the positive and negative aspects of democratic innovation will also benefit democratic theorists and policy-makers alike.Trade Review'It is a truism to say that to understand democracy one must go beyond elections and the activities of the political class, and delve into the entrails of the bureaucracy and the judiciary. The execution is complicated, because it requires navigating a forest of rules and regulations and dissecting numerous small-scale decisions, but this book offers excellent examples of how to go about this task.' --David Lehmann, Journal of Latin American Studies'Avritzer's groundbreaking book demonstrates how different trajectories of innovations affect both democratic politics and the rule of law. The book highlights how democratic innovations expand citizens' voice and broaden the public sphere. In contrast, innovations initiated with the judicial branch not only limit democratic practices, but also make it more difficult to craft a functioning rule of law because there are few accountability checks over judicial actions. Avritzer's book makes an excellent contribution to debates on democratic politics and the rule of law in new democracies.' --Brian Wampler, Boise State University, US'Most students of democratization since 1974 (myself included) were wrong and Leonardo Avritzer has proven us so. We assumed (and complained) that in these seventy or so cases, almost all of the effort in regime change was devoted to simply imitating preceding ''real-existing democracies.'' His book documents and analyzes an extraordinary variety of efforts at institutional innovation in these neo-democracies, mostly in Latin America (and especially in his native Brazil). It is enlightening reading for anyone studying democratization and obligatory reading for anyone interested in improving the quality of ''real and recent existing'' democracy.' --Philippe C. Schmitter, European University Institute, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: the theory of institutional innovation: an overview 1. The two sides of institutional innovation 2. A second source of innovation: critical public policy 3. Participatory budgeting as a democratic innovation: origins, expansion, and limits 4. Councils and monitoring in Latin America as forms of participatory accountability 5. Innovation in the wrong direction: the Brazilian and Colombian constitutional tradition, Ministério Público and the Courts Conclusion: The two faces of Innovation Index

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Book SynopsisIn this thought-provoking book, José M. Magone investigates the growing political, economic and social divisions between the core countries of the European Union and the southern European periphery. He examines the major hindrances that are preventing the four main southern European countries (Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece) from keeping up with the increasing pace of European integration, and the effects that this is having on democratic governance.Offering a comprehensive comparative overview of southern European politics over the past two decades, the book analyses the impact of the EU's political economy on democracy in the region, in particular the consequences of the Eurocrisis and the economic instability of the 2010s. It argues that these countries have failed to proactively initiate necessary strategic reforms in order to prevent economic and democratic stagnation, and have especially struggled to cope with the changing realities of Europeanization and the demands of Economic and Monetary Union.Students and scholars of European politics will find this book useful and insightful, in particular those interested in southern Europe’s political economy and Europeanization. It will also be beneficial for policy makers working in southern European governments and organizations.Trade Review'Especially after the Great Depression of 2008 and later on with the Pandemic, Southern Europe has become an area of high interest again, as in the years of the transitions to democracy during the 1970s. Today, Southern European countries' crucial issue concerns the European Union's relationships, especially from an economic perspective. Professor Magone, a highly renowned expert of the area, addresses it by dissecting those relationships' decisive aspects and revealing the critical features. This book will be compulsory reading not only for scholars and students of the area but also for all those other experts who are interested in internal–external intertwining in semi-peripheral democracies.' -- Leonardo Morlino, LUISS Guido Carli, Italy'Despite his criticisms of the EU for mismanaging the Eurozone crisis, the author underlines the responsibilities of South European governments too. South European elites have not invested in the people of Southern Europe and have ''governmentalized'' policy networks which ideally should have been multi-level rather than government-centered, as the author correctly puts it. Consequently, his claim that the question is ''what Southern Europe can do for the EU'', rather than vice versa, is a point well taken.' -- Dimitri A. Sotiropoulos, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GreeceTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The ‘superficial’ Europeanization of southern Europe: the persistence of peripheral governance 2. Southern European trajectories of European integration: from benevolent vincolo esterno to ‘coercive’ Europeanization 3. The semi-peripheral weak state and economy 4. The Europeanization of democratic institutions in southern Europe 5. The Euro crisis and changing party systems in southern Europe 6. The role of socio-economic interest groups in the crisis of southern European capitalism 7. Subnational governance and European cohesion policy: missed opportunities 8. The Euro and sovereign debt crisis and its impact on southern Europe 9. The consequences of the economic crisis: welfare state, civil society, and government 10. Conclusions: Constraining democracy in southern Europe References Index

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Book SynopsisExploring and updating the controversial debates about the relationship between democracy and development, this Research Handbook provides clarification on the complex and nuanced interlinkages between political regime type and socio-economic development. Distinguished scholars examine a broad range of issues from multidisciplinary perspectives across Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East.Analysing the relationship between political regime types, including varieties of democracies and autocracies, and broader development indicators, chapters cover economic growth, poverty and human development, inequality, corruption, conflict, human rights, and environmental sustainability. The Research Handbook examines longstanding and unresolved debates in the field over the past 60 years, as well as investigating contemporary issues of rising global inequalities, the resurgence of authoritarian populism, and the crisis of liberal democracy.Thorough and invigorating, this will be an essential read for social science scholars and students, particularly those studying sociology, politics, economics and global development studies. Policy makers and government officials dealing with foreign affairs and international development will appreciate the detailed case studies the Research Handbook offers.Trade Review‘Democracy and development as inclusive pursuits do not come naturally to humans as self-interested actors. They require institutionalization and rules of practice to balance between autonomy and responsibility, the self and the collective. This impressive book, rich in theory and substantiation, reminds us why we must not give up on the imperatives of democracy and development despite the phenomenal challenges to their fulfillment.’ -- Francis B. Nyamnjoh, University of Cape Town, South Africa‘This is a volume of unusual quality, substantive breadth, and grounding in social science. The editors and contributors embed cutting-edge findings in the past two or three decades of scholarship on development and democracy, and on the relationship between the two. The volume will be valuable both as a resource and as a launching point for new research.’ -- Catherine Boone, London School of Economics, UK‘Too often it is taken for granted that democracy translates into development. The variety of reflections in this volume go beyond this convenient but far too easy equation. They offer valuable food for thought, motivating further deliberations in search and support of promoting and strengthening democracy as an ingredient to meaningful development.’ -- Henning Melber, President of the European Association for Development Research and Training Institutes, Germany‘Two of the most contested subjects in contemporary scholarship – democracy and development—are boldly unpacked, re-packaged, and (re)connected in this refreshing new text. The Handbook answers your foremost questions and foregrounds the timeliness and timelessness of these phenomena and their perplexities.’ -- Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso, Babcock University, Nigeria‘Crawford and Abdulai have brought together a wonderful slate of illustrious scholars to address central questions about the relationships between democracy, development, and sustainability. This brilliant handbook is a “must-have” guide alike for new learners looking for an introduction to seasoned researchers seeking a ready reference. An invaluable resource for political scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, economists, and many multidisciplinary scientists among others.’ -- Arun Agrawal, University of Michigan, US and Editor-in-Chief, World DevelopmentTable of ContentsContents: Introduction to Research Handbook on Democracy and Development : an overview of the debates 1 Abdul-Gafaru Abdulai and Gordon Crawford PART I DEFINITIONS AND INTERLINKAGES 1 Democracy: contested concept with a common core 27 Svend-Erik Skaaning 2 Development: a multidimensional concept 45 Eija Ranta 3 Democracy and development: moving beyond the conundrum 60 Alina Rocha Menocal 4 Sen and development as freedom 79 Darley Jose Kjosavik PART II CAPITALISM, DEMOCRACY AND AUTOCRACY 5 Neoliberal democracy vs neoliberal authoritarianism: capitalism and democracy’s global contest in the twenty-first century 99 Rita Kiki Edozie 6 Autocracy and variations in economic development outcomes 117 Carl Henrik Knutsen 7 Varieties of autocracy and human development 135 Andrea Cassani PART III REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES 8 Democracy and growth in Africa 152 Michael T. Rock and Marc Howard Ross 9 Democracy and development in Africa 174 Augustin Kwasi Fosu 10 Leaders, multiparty elections and developmental performances in sub-Saharan Africa 194 Giovanni Carbone and Alessandro Pellegata 11 Democracy and development in Latin America 212 Luis F. Angosto-Ferrández 12 Democracy and development in Asia 228 Aurel Croissant and Lars Pelke 13 Democracy and development in the MENA 250 Imad Salamey 14 Democracy, development and Islam 263 Michael T. Rock and Soli Ozel PART IV INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND AID POLICY 15 Corruption, democracy and development: the role of the European Union 293 Ina Kubbe and Liljana Cvetanoska 16 Human rights and development: civic engagement, approaches and outcomes 313 Bård A. Andreassen PART V DEMOCRACY AND CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION 17 Consociational democracy: compromise or collapse? 331 Allison McCulloch 18 Post-conflict reconstruction and democracy promotion 347 Alpaslan Özerdem 19 Transitional justice, transformative justice, democracy and development 359 Matthew Evans 20 South Africa: democracy and development in the post-apartheid era 372 Tom Lodge PART VI INEQUALITIES AND DEMOCRACY 21 Why inequality is democracy’s catch-22 392 Alina Rocha Menocal 22 Gender inequality and democracy in Africa 408 Gretchen Bauer 23 Horizontal inequalities and democracy 420 Frances Stewart PART VII DEEPENING DEMOCRACY 24 Participatory budgeting: contributions to reversing social and spatial priorities 442 Yves Cabannes 25 NGOs and the democratic space within Uganda’s emerging oil sector 462 Badru Bukenya 26 Democratic decentralization and local development: insights from Morocco’s advanced regionalization process 482 Sylvia I. Bergh PART VIII DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT 27 Representation, citizenship and the public domain: choice and recognition in natural resource decentralization 503 Jesse Ribot 28 Democracy, ideological orientation and sustainable development 522 Peter Söderbaum Index 536

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Book SynopsisThe Americanization of European Union Democracy Promotion: Ideology, Diversity, and United States Hegemony is a timely and thought-provoking exploration of the origins, development and growing prominence of international democracy promotion in the past hundred years.Building upon the vast literature on the topic, chapters look at the EU as a global governance actor and map its multilevel governance system in democracy promotion, contextualising and comparing this with the United States hegemonic design, which has become a fundamental instrument of national foreign policy in the past two decades. Creating a comprehensive understanding of the similarities and differences between the EU and US approaches, José M. Magone examines various EU models of democracy, analysing how different national democracy understandings in Europe coexist with the technocratic liberal European one. The book ultimately argues that since 2004 the EU has aligned with a more aggressive ideological US hegemonic model of democracy promotion that has its roots in Wilsonian international liberalism.Considering the pivotal role of the United States’ hegemonic design on EU democracy promotion, this book will be invaluable to students and scholars of international relations, European and US politics, global governance and democratization. It will also prove vital for policymakers looking into the role the EU could play in strengthening non-national global governance in the long run.Trade Review‘This original and provocative study enlightens us not just about democracy promotion but about policy diffusion and Europe’s most important institution. It is an ideal blend of sophistication and accessibility and deserves a wide audience.’ -- Nancy Bermeo, University of Oxford, UK‘Professor Magone's excellent new book analyzes the EU's gradual abandonment of its neutral democracy promotion policy. Magone rightly claims that the only way forward is a new form of democracy promotion that is truly neutral, pluralistic, and respectful of the democratization efforts of the EU's neighbors. This compelling book is a must read for policymakers and scholars alike.’ -- Morten Heiberg, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkA valuable roadmap of European democracy promotion as a multilevel governance system, critiquing its evolution from an overly technocratic approach towards an American model driven by US security: the former’s failure in Tunisia, and the latter’s involvement in war in Ukraine, provide a highly topical, thought-provoking read.' -- Peter Burnell, University of Warwick, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1 Introduction: the multilevel governance of the European Union’s democracy promotion 2 Exploring the models of democracy in the European Union 3 The European Union as a global governance actor 4 The origins of global democracy promotion: the pivotal role of the United States 5 The European Union as a global actor: the case of international democracy promotion 6 European multilevel governance in international democracy promotion: the European dimension 7 The European multilevel governance of international democracy promotion: the national dimension 8 European Union democracy promotion in the Mediterranean: failing in Tunisia 9 The Americanization of EU democracy promotion in wider Europe: the pitfalls of Wilsonian democratism in Ukraine 10 Conclusions: the Wilsonian turn of EU democracy promotion Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAt the end of the Cold War, international law scholars engaged in furious debate over whether principles of democratic legitimacy had entered international law. Many argued that a "democratic entitlement" was then emerging. Others were skeptical that international practice in democracy promotion was either consistent or sufficiently widespread and many found the idea of a democratic entitlement dangerous. Those debates, while ongoing, have not been comprehensively revisited in almost twenty years. This research review identifies the leading scholarship of the past two decades on these and other questions. It focuses particular attention on the normative consequences of the recent "democratic recession" in many regions of the world.Trade Review‘This is a timely collection of the best writings from the past two decades on whether liberal-democratic norms have successfully infiltrated international law, a field that—while traditionally built upon the concept of the State—has been agnostic as to governmental legitimacy. A must read for anyone concerned with the implications for inter-State relations of threats to democracy worldwide, and an excellent companion volume to Democratic Governance and International Law (2000).' -- Sean D. Murphy, George Washington University, US, U.N. International Law Commission and former President of the American Society of International LawTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Gregory H. Fox and Brad R. Roth xii PART I PRESENT OVERALL STATUS OF EMERGING RIGHT TO DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE 1. Susan Marks (2011), ‘What has Become of the Emerging Right to Democratic Governance?’, European Journal of International Law, 22 (2), May, 507–24 2 2. Jean d’Aspremont (2011), ‘The Rise and Fall of Democracy Governance in International Law: A Reply to Susan Marks’, European Journal of International Law, 22 (2), May, 549–70 20 3. Christian Pippan (2012), ‘Democracy as a Global Norm: Has it Finally Emerged?’, Matthew Happold (ed.), International Law in a Multipolar World, Chapter 10, Abingdon, UK and New York, NY, USA: Taylor & Francis, 203–23 42 4. Jure Vidmar (2014), ‘Judicial Interpretations of Democracy in Human Rights Treaties’, Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law, 3 (2), 532–55 63 5. Erika de Wet (2015), ‘From Free Town to Cairo via Kiev: The Unpredictable Road of Democratic Legitimacy in Governmental Recognition’, American Journal of International Law Unbound, 108, 201–7 87 6. Brad R. Roth (2015), ‘Whither Democratic Legitimism?: Contextualizing Recent Developments in the Recognition and Non- Recognition of Governments’, American Journal of International Law Unbound, 108, 213–18 94 7. Jean d’Aspremont (2015), ‘The Pipe Dream of Constraining Recognition Through Democracy: International Lawyers’ Regulatory Project Continued’, American Journal of International Law Unbound, 108, 219–21 100 8. Christina M. Cerna (2015), ‘Democratic Legitimacy and Respect for Human Rights: The New Gold Standard’, American Journal of International Law Unbound, 108, 222–7 103 9. Obiora Chinedu Okafor (2015), ‘Democratic Legitimacy as a Criterion for the Recognition of Governments: A Response to Professor Erika De Wet’, American Journal of International Law Unbound, 108, 228–32 109 10. Vasiliki Saranti (2015), ‘Democratic Legitimacy as a Criterion for Recognizing a Government: Towards the Emergence of a Regional Customary Rule in The Americas? A Reply to Professor Erika De Wet’, American Journal of International Law Unbound , 108 , 233–8 114 PART II DEMOCRACY AND SELF-DETERMINATION 11. Russell A. Miller (2003), ‘Self-Determination in International Law and the Demise of Democracy?’, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law , 41 , 601–48 121 12. Niels Petersen (2008), ‘The Principle of Democratic Teleology in International Law’, Brooklyn Journal of International Law , 34 (1), 33–84 169 13. Brad R. Roth (2018), ‘The Relevance of Democratic Principles to the Self-Determination Norm’, in Peter Hilpold (ed.), Autonomy and Self-Determination , Chapter 3, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 56–76 221 PART III EVALUATING ELECTIONS 14. Christina Binder (2009), ‘Two Decades of International Electoral Support: Challenges and Added Value’, Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law , 13 , 213–46 243 15. Avery Davis-Roberts and David J. Carroll (2010), ‘Using International Law to Assess Elections’, Democratization , 17 (3), June, 416–41 277 16. Barrie Sander (2019), ‘Democracy Under The Influence: Paradigms of State Responsibility for Cyber Influence Operations on Elections’, Chinese Journal of International Law , 18 (1), March, 1–56 303 PART IV THE UNITED NATIONS 17. Gregory H. Fox (2004), ‘Democratization’, in David Malone (ed.), The UN Security Council: From the Cold War to the 21st Century , Chapter 5, Colorado, USA: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 69–84 360 18. Francesco Mancini (2016), ‘Promoting Democracy’, in Sebastian von Einsiedel, David M. Malone and Bruno Stagno Ugarte (eds), The UN Security Council in the 21st Century , Part II, Chapter 12, Colorado, USA: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 235–57 376 PART V REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 19. Agustín Ruiz Robledo (2018), ‘The Construction of the Right to Free Elections by the European Court of Human Rights’, Cambridge International Law Journal , 7 (2), 225–40 400 20. Enrique Lagos and Timothy D. Rudy (2004), ‘In Defense of Democracy’, University of Miami Inter-American Law Review, 35 (2), Spring, 283–309 416 21. Thomas Legler and Thomas Kwasi Tieku (2010), ‘What Difference Can a Path Make? Regional Democracy Promotion Regimes in the Americas and Africa’, Democratization, 17 (3), June, 465–91 443 22. Kalkidan N. Obse and Christian Pippan (2015), ‘Collectively Protecting Constitutionalism and Democratic Governance in Africa: A Tale of High Hopes and Low Expectations?’, Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law, 4 (2), 344–67 470 23. Solomon A. Dersso (2019), ‘The Status and Legitimacy of Popular Uprisings in the AU Norms on Democracy and Constitutional Governance’, Journal of African Law, 63 (S1), May, 107–30 494 PART VI DEMOCRATIC RECESSION 24. Amichai Magen (2015), ‘The Right to Democratic Governance in an Era of Democratic Recession’, Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law, 4 (2), 368–87 519 25. David Landau (2017), ‘Democratic Erosion and Constitution- Making Moments: The Role of International Law’, UC Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law, 2, 87–112 539 PART VII DEMOCRACY AND INTERNAL CRISES 26. Jacob Wobig (2015), ‘Defending Democracy with International Law: Preventing Coup Attempts with Democracy Clauses’, Democratization, 22 (4), 631–54 566 27. Issaka K. Souaré (2014), ‘The African Union as a Norm Entrepreneur on Military Coups d’État in Africa (1952–2012): An Empirical Assessment’, Journal of Modern African Studies, 52 (1), 69–94 590 28. Eki Yemisi Omorogbe (2011), ‘A Club of Incumbents? The African Union and Coups d’État’, Vanderbilt University Journal of Transnational Law, 44 (1), 123–54 616 29. Ozan O. Varol (2012), ‘The Democratic Coup d’État’, Harvard International Law Journal, 53 (2), Summer, 291–356 648 30. Matthew Saul (2012), ‘The Search for an International Legal Concept of Democracy: Lessons from the Post-Conflict Reconstruction of Sierra Leone’, Melbourne Journal of International Law, 13 (1), 540–68 714 PART VIII DEMOCRACY, INTERVENTION AND PEACE 31. David Wippman (2015), ‘Pro-Democratic Intervention’, in Marc Weller (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Use of Force in International Law, Chapter 36, Oxford, UK and New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press, 797–815 744 32. Sara McLaughlin Mitchell and Paul F. Diehl (2012), ‘Caution in What You Wish For: The Consequences of a Right to Democracy’, Stanford Journal of International Law, 48 (2), Summer, 289–317 763 33. Simone van den Driest (2010), ‘“Pro-Democratic” Intervention and the Right to Political Self-Determination: The Case of Operation Iraqi Freedom’, Netherlands International Law Review, 57 (1), March, 29–72 792 34. Jeremy I. Levitt (2006), ‘Pro-Democratic Intervention in Africa’, Wisconsin International Law Journal, 24 (3), 785–833 836 Index

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Book SynopsisAn insightful lens into the contemporary state of post-factual politics, this timely book explores the perceived binary nature of facts and emotions, suggesting ways to integrate them. Anna Durnová shows that in order to understand post-factual politics, we must unveil the role of emotion in the discursive registers through which politics is constructed and knowledge is legitimized. By analysing and comparing scientists' protests against the Trump presidency with famous scientific controversies in modern medicine, this book redefines truth as a negotiation in public discourse between the interplay of values, beliefs and facts. Chapters examine the ways in which people see emotions as being opposed to facts, unpacking how this ultimate opposition limits public discussion on science in the wake of alternative facts and 'fake news'. Political science students and academics will find the new discussion of post-factual politics through the lens of emotions a timely and important read. This book is also ideal for social movements scholars with the March for Science a key case study used to examine the gap between emotions and facts in modern day times.Trade Review'The defense of science as being free of human passions is worse than ineffective. It is part of the problem, driving public alienation from the scientific enterprise, while blinding us to the causes of that alienation. Durnova's original analysis points to a way forward that refuses to censor the emotions that lie at the heart of the production of truth.' --Daniel Breslau, Virginia Tech, US'How do we negotiate the topsy-turvy world of 'the post-factual condition'? That's the timely question Anna Durnová poses with her important new book. Citizens responding to brazen demagoguery must now protest 'for reality'. It can get emotional, as the quest for truth usually is. Durnová offers insights crucial to the way ahead.' --Douglas Torgerson, Trent University, Canada, and author of The Promise of Green Politics: Environmentalism and the Public Sphere'Social research should provide counterintuitive insights, and this book does precisely that, questioning how we tend to juxtapose emotions and facts. Whilst developing broader historical insights, it is also remarkably relevant to the current era.' --Patrick Baert, University of Cambridge, UKTable of ContentsContents: Introduction To Post-Factual Politics 1. The Lost Battle On Truth 2. Vexatious Knowledge 3. The Partisans Of Truth 4. Understanding Emotions In The Post-Factual World Index

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Book SynopsisDemocratic governments are increasingly under pressure from populists, and distrust of governmental authority is on the rise. Economic causes are often blamed. Making a 21st Century Constitution proposes instead that constitutions no longer provide the kind of support that democracies need in today's conditions, and outlines ways in which reformers can rectify this.Frank Vibert addresses key sources of constitutional obsolescence, identifies the main challenges for constitutional updating and sets out the ways in which constitutions may be made suitable for the the 21st century. The book highlights the need for reformers to address the deep diversity of values in today's urbanized societies, the blind spots and content-lite nature of democratic politics, and the dispersion of authority among new chains of intermediaries.This book will be invaluable for students of political science, public administration and policy, law and constitutional economics. Its analysis of how constitutions can be made fit for purpose again will appeal to all concerned with governance, practitioners and reformers alike.Trade Review‘In Making a 21st Century Constitution: Playing Fair in Modern Democracies, Frank Vibert explores the current state of constitutions, outlining why they have become outdated and suggesting ways in which they can be reworked to better meet the needs of democracies today. While readers may not agree with all of the book’s arguments, it provides interesting insight into how constitutions can overcome their democratic weaknesses and is a welcome addition to this increasing body of scholarship.’ -- Elyse Wakelin, LSE Review of BooksTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Constitutions and Democracy: The Setting PART I SOURCES OF CONSTITUTIONAL OBSOLESCENCE 3. Obsolescence: The Foundational 4. Obsolescence: The Canonical 5. Obsolescence: The Purposive 6. Diversity and the Challenge to Established Social Practices PART II REFINING THE CHALLENGES: MOTIVES AND THEIR EXPRESSION 7. Building Blocks and the Mix of Motives 8. The Material Motive: Problem Management 9. The Emotive: Togetherness and Fairness 10. The Normative Motivation: The Role of Politics PART III UPGRADING CONSTITUTIONAL EXPRESSION 11. Constitutions and Common Knowledge of the New Actors 12. Hierarchy and Political Persuasion 13. Qualitative Rules and the Transvaluational 14. Missing Actors in Chains of Intermediation 15. Benchmarking: Rights and Normative Choice 16. Legitimacy: Identification and Consent 17. Conclusions: Upgrading Constitutions Appendix References Index

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Book SynopsisThis thought-provoking book investigates the increasingly important subject of constitutional idolatry and its effects on democracy. Focused around whether the UK should draft a single written constitution, it suggests that constitutions have been drastically and persistently over-sold throughout the years, and that their wider importance and effects are not nearly as significant as constitutional advocates maintain.Analysing a number of issues in relation to constitutional performance, including whether these documents can educate the citizenry, invigorate voter turnout, or deliver ‘We the People’ sovereignty, the author finds written constitutions consistently failing to meet expectations. This innovative book also examines how constitutional idolatry may frustrate and distort constitutional change, and can lead to strong forms of constitutional paternalism emerging within the state. Ultimately, the book argues that idolising written constitutions is a hollow endeavour that will fail to produce better democratic outcomes or help solve increasingly complicated societal problems.Engaging and accessible, Constitutional Idolatry and Democracy will be a key resource for both new and established scholars interested in comparative constitutional law, constitutional theory, law and democracy and written vs. unwritten constitutions.Trade Review‘It is a thought-provoking book, and contains a huge array of ideas, information and literature, some of it slightly out of the way. The author argues his case powerfully, often convincingly, and commendably concisely. . . every public lawyer and student of public law would benefit from reading it to test their assumptions.’ -- David Feldman, Law Quarterly Review‘This is an important and timely intervention.’ -- Tanzil Chowdhury, Public Law‘The distinctive value in Jones’s contribution here is the breadth and depth with which he engages with and analyzes one of the core (but often overlooked) distinctions in constitutional theory.’ -- Edward Willis, I•CON‘What Jones does in this book is to make a bold statement: written constitutions have become idols, and the time is past due for us to put aside the false faith that they are the saviours of society.’ -- Renato Saeger M Costa, University of Queensland Law Journal‘Jones systematically asks the sceptical questions that must be asked in any serious conversation about constitutional codification.’ -- Asanga Welikala, JOTWELL‘Constitutional Idolatry and Democracy is a thought-provoking and timely work that presents its case in an accessible manner.’ -- James R Zink, Governance‘I can’t imagine a better book to discuss in a seminar, whether of students or senior academics.’ -- Sanford Levinson, IACL-AIDC blog'This is a timely intervention in the debates over the necessity, sufficiency and desirability of written constitutions and one which speaks directly to both United States and United Kingdom audiences.' --Janet McLean, University of Auckland, New Zealand'This powerful book explores the limits of written constitutions and the ways in which we idolise them. Jones develops an impressive critique of dominant constitutional thinking, assessing the broader impact of written constitutions on our democracy, our politics and our citizens. The book offers an important challenge to those who assume a written constitution is the best way to reform the UK's political system, and clearly reveals the risks of overstating what written constitutionalism can achieve.' --Michael Gordon, University of Liverpool, UK'In this wide-ranging, innovative, and truly excellent study of constitutional forms, Brian Christopher Jones challenges the conventional wisdom that codified constitutions hold decisive advantages over uncodified ones. From one chapter to the next, Jones takes readers on a voyage around the world, drawing from his rich repository of deep comparative insights to identify, elaborate, and theorize the dangerous consequences of constitutional idolatry that inhere in master-text constitutions. From now on, no defense of constitutional codification will ever be complete without confronting the compelling arguments in this important work.' -- Richard Albert, The University of Texas at Austin, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. What is constitutional idolatry? 2. Venerating a text: some positive aspects of constitutional idolatry 3. Educating the citizenry? 4. The reality of ‘We the People’ constitutional claims 5. Invigorating democracies? 6. A ‘good’ constitution is essential to state survival 7. Constitutional paternalism: the rise and problematic use of constitutional guardian rhetoric 8. Idolatry and constitutional change 9. Constitutional idolatry and democracy: a preliminary conclusion Index

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Book SynopsisThe dramatic decline of democracy in East-Central Europe (ECE) has attracted worldwide attention, presenting a significant challenge to European models of liberal democracy. This timely book tackles the heart of this region's complexity, unpacking the socio-economic, political and cultural developments of the ECE countries. Attila Ágh demonstrates the key turning point in 2010, when the region's political trajectory shifted from chaotic democracy to authoritarian rule. Moving beyond the narrow spectrum of political 'event history' deployed by ECE parties and governments, the author offers a complex analysis of the changes to the region, exploring the deep, systemic causes of hard populism. Examining the fascinating relationship between ECE countries, Europe and the world, Ágh outlines the future of democracy in the region, exploring perspectives of re-democratization by the new generation raised under the auspices of EU democracy. Declining Democracy in East-Central Europe provides researchers in both political and European studies with a unique insight into the rapidly diverging pathways of European democracies. Ágh's detailed approach to the ECE region will also benefit experts in regional studies, moving beyond political narratives of individual countries and analysing the region as a whole.Trade Review'Attila Ágh's book investigates the largely neglected domestic developments in the East-Central member states since the fall of the iron curtain and their subsequent accession to the European Union. Ágh's analysis is comprehensive, well-informed and illustrates how a mixture between external conditionalities and domestic developments, predominantly a persistent systemic distrust and lack of deep-seated Europeanisation have contributed towards the rise of neopopulism in the region. Ágh warns of the ''a decline in all respects of democracy, governance and sustainability as a complex deficit'' as part of a general trend of democratic backsliding in the ECE region. Ágh's analysis is a crucial and overdue contribution to the academic and public debate on the future of the EU beyond the current narrow focus on Brexit and the revival of the Franco-German partnership. He illustrates that the biggest risk for the survival of the European project post-Brexit lies in the manifestation of East-Central Europe as a 'blind spot', a warning which should be a wake-up call to Western political elites.' --Christian Schweiger, Chemnitz University of Technology, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I Democratization and Europeanization in the Old World Order 1. Systemic change in the Old World Order 2. Socio-economic transition and the social disintegration 3. Political transition and the crisis of representative democracy Part II The Collapse of ECE democracies in the New World Order 4. The New World Order and the desecuritization process in ECE 5. The failure of catching up and the credibility crisis in ECE 6. The rise of hard populism and the collapse of democracy in ECE 7. The ECE political system: velvet dictatorship with façade democracy 8. ECE regional politics and the increasing Core-Periphery Divide 9. The civilizational crisis in the ECE region Postscript Index

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Book SynopsisIlluminating and timely, this book offers an in depth exploration of a 20th century intellectual landmark, Harold Lasswell’s proposal for the policy sciences. This proposal, though always controversial, stands out as a unique and comprehensive effort at advancing a policy focus in the social sciences by means of enhancing orientation to context.Douglas Torgerson argues that Lasswell stands apart in the policy landscape, his extraordinary focus on context constituting a distinct critical dimension. Torgerson presents the historical emergence of Lasswell’s proposal as a four-phase process, ranging from the 1920s to the 1970s. Chapters explore the ramifications of Lasswell’s contextual focus in that, whatever his intention, he anticipated a radical democratic goal. In today’s world, as authoritarian populism threatens democracy, policy research can no longer take for granted a liberal democratic context. Researchers must protect free inquiry, safeguarding their own work while expanding and securing democratic freedoms.Offering key insights into one of the 20th century’s most forward-looking political scientists, this book is essential reading for the full range of established scholars, policy professionals, graduate students, and everyone who is interested in the relationship between policy and political theory.Trade Review‘Torgerson undertakes nothing less than a critical rethinking of policy studies as a field through its foundations. By reacquainting Lasswell, we are advised to revisit concepts like behavioral change and policy expertise in light of his contextual orientation – and to think more radically about the policy sciences of democracy.’ -- Holger Straßheim, Bielefeld University, Germany‘The name of Harold Lasswell is inevitably invoked in serious discussions of public policy and the “policy sciences”. This book helps readers – both novices and seasoned veterans – understand why he occupies that central position. Understanding Lasswell is not simple, yet Torgerson demonstrates the depth and complexity of that eminent scholar.’ -- B. Guy Peters, University of Pittsburgh, US‘A wonderful book… Douglas Torgerson animates Lasswell’s numerous contributions, extending the “critical Lasswell” to inform a potential radical democracy relevant to today’s policy field and to current threats against democracy.’ -- Jennifer Dodge, University at Albany, US‘Professor Torgerson demonstrates provocatively and in detail Harold Lasswell’s continuing relevance for anyone seeking to understand our times and shape a future of human dignity for all.’ -- – Andrew Willard, Policy Scientist, US‘Douglas Torgerson has provided the most thoughtful philosophical analysis of the work of Harold D. Lasswell, the giant in both psychodynamic political psychology and the policy sciences. The weaving of historical material and Torgerson’s highly distinctive interpretations of Lasswell’s stances toward democracy and the role of policy analysis is remarkable. Anyone committed to understanding the evolution of the policy sciences and the role of the analyst in democratic governance must read this book.’ -- William Ascher, Claremont McKenna College, US‘Nobody is better placed than Douglas Torgerson to tease out and interpret Lasswell's foundational contribution to what today would be called critical policy studies. This book is a masterful treatment of its subject that should establish once and for all the importance of thinking with Lasswell and Torgerson about the policy sciences.’ -- John S. Dryzek, University of Canberra, Australia‘Torgerson’s argument stands up very well, and the book is filled with intriguing facts and details I hadn’t known – even though I’d been a student, research assistant, colleague, and friend of Lasswell for many years.’ -- Garry D. Brewer, Yale University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface: Why Lasswell? 1 Introduction: the manifest and the latent Lasswell PART I EMERGENCE 2 Policy sciences in context: the world crisis of insecurity 3 Emergence of the policy sciences 4 Contextual orientation: a question of values PART II SYMBOLS 5 Symbols of the policy sciences 6 What is enlightenment? PART III THE CRITICAL DIMENSION 7 The critical Lasswell 8 Lasswell and the critical agenda References Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores developments in the social legitimacy of present-day European welfare states since the banking crisis of 2008. It analyses how the welfare attitudes of Europeans have been influenced by economic recession and consequent welfare reforms, as well as reactions to on-going debates around welfare. Utilising cross-national perspectives, the book analyses the differences and similarities in welfare attitudes of Europeans between 2008 and 2016. It highlights popular welfare attitudes towards different groups of society, including migrants, the elderly and unemployed, exploring if and why specific practices and policies would meet popular resistance or approval. Social policy and sociology scholars will find this book helpful, as the cross-national analysis provides new insights into the contextual drivers of welfare attitudes. It will also be useful to policy-makers and practitioners working in Europe offering analysis of welfare preferences, evaluations and perceptions. Contributors include: H. Chung, L. de Blok, S. Delespaul, B. Ebbinghaus, M.A. Eger, H. Ervasti, J. Gale, D. Gugushvili, A. Haugsgjerd, S. Kumlin, T. Laenen, C.A. Larsen, B. Meuleman, J. Mewes, E. Naumann, E. Politi, F. Roosma, C. Staerklé, W. van OorschotTrade Review'The three editors unite the finest state-of-the-art research about public attitudes towards the welfare state in Europe. Drawing on the 2008 and 2016 waves of the high-quality European Social Survey, the contributors analyse how and why the diversity of relationships between citizens and the welfare state manifests itself in the individual mind in the first two decades of the 21st century.' --Achim Goerres, University of Duisburg-Essen, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Foreword xiv PART I INTRODUCTION 1. Welfare Attitudes in Times of Crisis and Austerity 3 Bart Meuleman, Wim van Oorschot and Tijs Laenen PART II WELFARE STATE CRITICISM AND WELFARE STATE SUPPORT 2. Welfare Criticism in Times of Economic Crisis. Perceptions of Moral, Economic and Social Consequences of the Welfare State, 2008–2016 25 Bart Meuleman and Sam Delespaul 3. The Perceived Abuse of Welfare Benefits in Times of Crisis: Change or Stability in the Achilles’ Heel of Welfare State Legitimacy? 46 Femke Roosma 4. The Ambivalence of Material Vulnerability as a Foundation for Welfare Dependency Attitudes: Social Distrust or Dissatisfaction with the System? 68 Christian Staerklé, Jessica Gale and Emanuele Politi 5. Changes in Russians’ Attitudes: What Accounts for Reduced Preferences Regarding Public Welfare Provision? 91 Dimitri Gugushvili and Wim van Oorschot 6. Religiosity and Support for the Welfare State 111 Heikki Ervasti PART III TARGET-SPECIFIC WELFARE ATTITUDES 7. How Popular Deservingness Perceptions Mediate the Link between Unemployment Policies and Their Public Support 139 Tijs Laenen 8. The Legitimacy of Public Pensions in an Ageing Europe: Changes in Subjective Evaluations and Policy Preferences, 2008–2016 159 Bernhard Ebbinghaus and Elias Naumann 9. Welfare Nationalism Before and After the ‘Migration Crisis’ 176 Maureen A. Eger, Christian Albrekt Larsen and Jan Mewes PART IV (PERCEIVED) OUTCOMES OF THE WELFARE STATE 10. Increasingly Connected? Political Distrust and Dissatisfaction with Public Services in Europe, 2008–2016 199 Lisanne de Blok, Atle Haugsgjerd and Staffan Kumlin 11. Institutions versus Market Forces: Explaining the Employment Insecurity of European Individuals Eight Years after the 2008 Financial Crisis 220 Heejung Chung PART V CONCLUSIONS 12. Change or Continuity in Europeans’ Welfare Attitudes? 247 Tijs Laenen and Wim van Oorschot Index

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Book SynopsisThis multidisciplinary book unpacks and outlines the contested roles of nationalism and democracy in the formation and transformation of welfare-state institutions and ideologies. At a time when neo-liberal, post-national and nationalist visions alike have challenged democratic welfare nationalism, the book offers a transnational historical perspective to the political dynamics of current changes. While particularly focusing on Nordic countries, often seen as the quintessential ‘models’ of the welfare state, the book collectively sheds light on the ‘history of the present’ of nation states bearing the character of a welfare state.Initial chapters discuss the contested roles and meanings of democracy in the formation of the so-called ‘Nordic model’ of welfare, exploring its development in connection with rhetorical de-ideologization during and after the Cold War and with concerns about global development. Contributors further examine the ways in which national welfare states and their democratic dimensions are reshaped in the context of post-national regulation regimes of globalized and financialized capitalism. In the final chapters, the book explores the implications of welfare nationalism for cross-border mobility, analysing paradoxes and inherent tensions at the heart of contemporary migration politics. The analyses point to the integral role of nationalism in the formation of the democratic welfare states, as well as in the present-day goals of national competitiveness and security.Providing key theoretical insights for the study of welfare nationalism, this book is essential reading for scholars, researchers and students of the social and political sciences who are interested in the enduring transformation of the welfare state, and particularly those investigating the emergence and growth of the Nordic model. Policymakers and practitioners will also benefit from this multi-layered, empirical account of contemporary policy problems.Trade Review‘The growth of global interdependencies and cross-border mobility of capital and people have created new preconditions for nationalism. This book provides an outstanding contribution to the study of the contested roles of nationalism and democracy in the formation and transformation of welfare states.’ -- Stein Kuhnle, University of Bergen, Norway, and Hertie School, The University of Governance, Berlin, Germany‘There are many discussions of the relative importance in today’s political conflicts of culture and class, and of the ambiguous relationships among market liberalism, nationalism and the welfare state. But there are very few that confront these issues as thoroughly, boldly and forensically as the authors of this excellent and well integrated collection.’ -- Colin Crouch, University of Warwick, UK and Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Preface xii 1 Introduction: rethinking nationalism and democracy in the welfare state 1 Pauli Kettunen PART I DEMOCRATIC WELFARE NATIONALISM AND BEYOND 2 The end of ideology and Nordic democracy: Herbert Tingsten and the rhetoric of de-ideologization 19 Jussi Kurunmäki 3 National interest as a limit to democracy: the rhetoric of Finnish and Swedish employers in the debates on ‘enterprise democracy’ during the 1960s and 1970s 47 Ilkka Kärrylä 4 Democratic welfare nationalism and competitive community: changing ideals of social harmony in the regulation of capitalism 78 Pauli Kettunen PART II THE WELFARE STATE AND CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY OF CAPITAL 5 Offe’s paradox in the light of neoliberalism and its paradoxes: Schumpeterian workfare and Ricardian austerity 104 Bob Jessop 6 From democratic to market-driven regulation of employment: the Swedish and Finnish Social Democrats, the third way and emerging economic globalization, 1975−86 127 Sami Outinen PART III THE WELFARE STATE AND CROSS-BORDER MOBILITY OF PEOPLE 7 Borders of welfare: mobility control and the Nordic welfare states 150 Miika Tervonen 8 Gender, emotions and vulnerability: mediated responses to deportations in the aftermath of the refugee reception crisis 166 Saara Pellander 9 Filipino nurses as enablers of the future welfare state: the global commodity chains of producing racialized care labour for ageing Finland 184 Tiina Vaittinen, Margarita Sakilayan-Latvala and Päivi Vartiainen 10 Ambiguities of the welfare state and the paradoxes of immigration politics 209 Thomas Faist Index 239

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Book SynopsisAt a time when political representation can be said to be facing its ultimate crisis, this crucial work clarifies the terms of the debate, providing an up-to-date analysis of the main conceptual and institutional controversies that have arisen surrounding this topic.Written by leading scholars in the field, contributions focus on how representation is conceptualised and its relation to democracy, examining how political institutions in different historical periods (ranging from the middle ages to the modern day) have ensured representation based on demands of various social forces. This Research Handbook also encapsulates the directions taken by the main strands of empirical research in political representation within the context of liberal democracies and beyond. Overall, this provides a major contribution to the growing understanding of one of the most important institutional inventions of contemporary politics.The Research Handbook on Political Representation is a comprehensive and agile guide to the main bodies of literature on representation for academic researchers in political science, sociology and history. It will also guide post-graduate and graduate students of the same fields in the exploration of the crucial research questions arising from the concept and reality of political representation.Trade Review‘This edited volume is empirically and especially theoretically rich and illuminates the fascinating ongoing research on political representation. Important and valuable, this splendid book will be a cornerstone of the scholarship regarding political representation for years to come.’ -- Martin Gross, Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft'Representation, which is at the heart of our system of liberal democracy, frames a series of key questions including: who are our representatives, who are they representing, how they represent, and how that process evolves over time. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the key theories and main forms of representation, the varying institutional contexts, and the various ways the concept can be measured and assessed. This Handbook promises to be the definitive study of this subject.' -- David Farrell, University College Dublin, IrelandTable of ContentsContents: General introduction to the Research Handbook on Political Representation xii Maurizio Cotta and Federico Russo SECTION I CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL DISCUSSIONS 1 Political representation: concepts, theories and practices in historical perspective 3 Federico Russo and Maurizio Cotta 2 The system of democratic representation and its normative principles 16 Dario Castiglione 3 Democracy and representation 36 Mark B. Brown 4 Policy responsiveness and democratic quality 48 Leonardo Morlino 5 Legitimacy and hegemony: two accounts of non-electoral representation 58 Eline Severs 6 Challenges to political representation: participatory democracy, direct democracy and populism 70 Simon Tormey SECTION II HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY MODELS OF POLITICAL REPRESENTATION 7 From estate representation to the representation of the people and the nation in the Age of Revolutions 84 Pasi Ihalainen and Zachris Haaparinne 8 Individualistic representation in the liberal century – and beyond 98 Heinrich Best and Lars Vogel 9 Party-based representation: the paradox of democracy 109 Ian Budge 10 Corporatism and representation 121 Alan Siaroff 11 Technocratic representation 135 Daniele Caramani 12 Representation in authoritarian regimes 148 Maurizio Cotta SECTION III THE INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF REPRESENTATION 13 Electoral systems and representation 161 Alessandro Chiaramonte 14 Territorial and multilevel representation 171 Lori Thorlakson 15 Local jurisdiction size and political representation 183 Bas Denters 16 Electoral quotas and group representation 198 Mona Lena Krook 17 The political representation of women: a feminist institutionalist perspective 210 Joni Lovenduski 18 Ethnic minorities and representation 222 Miriam Hänni and Thomas Saalfeld SECTION IV REPRESENTATION AT WORK: OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES 19 Types of democratic representative 239 Luca Verzichelli 20 Selecting representatives: methods and practices 253 Marco Lisi 21 Constituency service: incentives and consequences 266 Zsófia Papp 22 Measuring representation: policy congruence 276 Tom Louwerse and Rudy B. Andeweg 23 The fulfilment of election pledges 289 Elin Naurin and Robert Thomson 24 Interest groups and political representation 301 Laura Chaqués Bonafont 25 Responsiveness, the dynamic aspect of representation 314 Federico Russo 26 What to expect when you are expecting: preferences for representation among voters and political elites 326 Hanna Wass and Miroslav Nemčok 27 Representation and deliberation 338 Jürg Steiner Index

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Book SynopsisThis insightful book explores the citizen-government relation, as mediated through artificial intelligence (AI). Through a critical lens, Jérôme Duberry examines the role of AI in the relation and its implications for the quality of liberal democracy and the strength of civic capacity.In his analysis of AI, Duberry covers three key objectives: illustrating where and how AI is used in the context of citizen-government relations; highlighting the specific risks of using AI for citizen-government relations; and calling for a dedicated framework for assessing AI in these contexts. The author assesses the promises and pitfalls of AI at various levels of the citizen-government relation, including citizen participation, civic technology and political communication. Employing empirical findings from in-depth case studies and interviews with 40 experts in the field, the book stresses the burgeoning need for an innovative, human-centric management of AI in the citizen-government relation based on risk assessment that prioritises equality, freedom, human rights and popular sovereignty.Intervening at a key watershed in the history of digital politics, this timely book is key reading for researchers and scholars of political science and public policy, particularly those studying the digital landscape of contemporary policy and politics. It also offers significant empirical insights into the benefits and risks of AI for policymakers and civil servants working with new technologies.Trade Review‘The work presented in this book is considerable and remarkable. This book, a true state of the art of transdisciplinary knowledge on the subject, constitutes a reference in this new field of study.’ -- Solange Ghernaouti, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland‘The author has tackled an extremely important topic at a pivotal moment. And he has done so with a structurally sound book that explores both the positive and negative potential afforded by digital technologies relating to democracy. Most importantly, there are well-substantiated conclusions found here on how exactly the tectonic shifts created by AI can be better understood and managed in democratic societies.’ -- Steven J. Barela, Université de Genève, Switzerland‘This is a remarkable effort to offer an insightful understanding of the complex place and functions that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is acquiring in contemporary politics and society. This is definitely a necessary and illuminating contribution to our understanding of the many opportunities and risks that the increasing use of AI unfolds for democratic participation.’ -- Josep Ibañez, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, SpainTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. AI to optimize the effectiveness and efficiency of public services 2. Policy entrepreneurs: Skills and resources to identify and exploit open policy windows 3. AI and information dissemination: Challenging citizens’ access to relevant and reliable information 4. AI in public and private forms of surveillance: Challenging trust in the citizen–government relations 5. AI and the persuasion industry: Eroding the policy entrepreneurial resources and skills of citizens 6. AI and the weaponization of information: Hybrid threats against trust between citizens and democratic institutions 7. AI and civic tech: Engaging citizens in decision-making processes but not without risks Concluding remarks Index

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Book SynopsisThe role of regions in the European Union has been frequently debated since the 1980s. This comprehensive book provides a thorough overview of the issue from a variety of perspectives, analysing regional governance and territorial dynamics in the EU and its member states. Focusing on the implications of the democratisation-regionalisation nexus, it argues that a 'Europe with the regions' may promote good governance and ameliorate the democratic deficits of the EU. The book's contributions offer a multidisciplinary approach to the study of governance in the EU and highlight the significance of regions and regionalisation for the EU's future. Through a combination of empirical, conceptual, theoretical and normative approaches, chapters address both intra-state and transnational developments to provide a fresh and exciting addition to the literature on new regionalism and democratic theory. Favouring a modest notion of a 'Europe with the regions' rather than the dominant maximalist vision, it embeds these developments in the ongoing debate about the future of the EU. Students and academics exploring regional governance and the EU will find this book's unique conclusions and crucial insights of great value. The book's distinct perspective on European governance will also be of benefit to policy-makers and EU think-tanks.Trade Review'Although hopes for a ''Europe of the regions'' have long been quashed, this important volume recognises and explores the obstinacy of regions in contemporary politics. The interdisciplinary and broad-ranging discussion provides a rigorous and much-needed re-assessment both of the status quo of regional governance and the role that regions can and should play in tackling the current crises of democratic politics in Europe.' --Anwen Elias, Aberystwyth University, UK'A strong collection of studies devoted to the comeback of the idea of a ''Europe with the regions''. Writing from multidisciplinary perspectives, a team of both more-established and younger scholars explores the idea of a Europe with the regions, the current role of regions in the EU, intra-regional political dynamics and the role of the EU in the regions. This edited volume provides a rich source for anyone who is interested in territorial politics, European governance and multilevel democracies.' --Klaus Detterbeck, University of Göttingen, Germany'Irrespective of volatile slogans like ''Europe of the regions'', of changing political priorities and of shifting academic attention, the regional dimension remains key to the functioning of Europe. This volume unveils a neglected reality and puts regional studies back at the core of the European debate.' --Francesco Palermo, University of Verona and Eurac Research, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Preface by the editors 1. Regional Governance in the EU or: What Happened to the ‘Europe of the Regions’? Introduction Gabriele Abels and Jan Battke Part I: Normative and Conceptual Perspective on Regionalisation and Governance The Contribution of Regions to EU Democracy Simona Piattoni 3. Deconstructing and Reconstructing Good Governance in Relation to Regional and Local Participation in EU Decision-Making Processes Carlo Panara 4. Neo-regionalism in Europe: The Process of Delimiting Regional Boundaries François-Olivier Seys Part II: Dynamics of Intra-state Regionalisation and its Implications 5. Developing Autonomy – Are there Alternatives to Secession? Roland Sturm 6. The Catalan Secession Bid – Between Structural and Contemporary Tensions within the State of Autonomies Mario Kölling 7. Reforming the Territorial Constitution in Italy: Some Reflections on Durability and Change Matteo Nicolini Part III: Macro-regional Dynamics and European Integration 8. Scaling and Rescaling in EU Spatial Governance Franziska Sielker and Dominic Stead 9. Experimentalist Governance and EU Macro-regional Strategies: New Dynamics in European Regional and Territorial Cooperation? Stefan Gänzle 10. Cultural Dimension of Macro-regions. A Prospective Reflection Thomas Perrin Part IV: Regions in Supranational Democratic Governance 11. The EU’s Multilevel Parliamentary System: Escaping from the Trilemma of Market Integration, National Democracy and National Sovereignty Peter Bursens 12. Regions and the Parliamentarisation of EU Governance: Is the Early Warning System the Solution? Anna-Lena Högenauer 13. Regions as Lobbyists Michaël Tatham 14. Conclusions: A ‘Europe with the Regions’ in the Making Jan Battke and Gabriele Abels Index

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Book SynopsisRecent populist movements online and around the globe have drawn the attention of news media, social and political analysts, and scholars, all of whom seek to understand the patterns of influence which have produced and are produced by this populist surge. Whether nationalist or revolutionary, ideological or geopolitical, these movements have changed the way we relate to one another as leaders and followers. In its various forms, populism is changing the face and geography of global politics and society. Leadership, Populism and Resistance draws upon the study of history, politics, policy, media, virtue, and heroism to examine the ways in which populism and popular movements have evolved, what we have learned (and failed to learn) from them, how we depict and discuss them through popular media and the press, and, finally, how we can understand virtue and heroism as a consequence or-reaction to-populism and popularity. This volume uses a multidisciplinary approach to examine the causes and impacts of populism and popular movements across time and around the world which would appeal to a wide variety of scholars and practitioners. Its chapters provide potential teaching tools within individual disciplines (history, psychology, media studies, political science, literature, education, leadership studies) which are useful for educators at all levels concerned with social movements, populism and democracy. The interdisciplinary nature of the volume is also accessible to non-academic audiences interested in modern populist and popular socio-political trends. Trade Review'In a time when the Western world scratches its head about the rise of populism and the decline of democracy, journalists and pundits try to make sense out of the events of the day. This unique and engaging scholarly collection takes a different tack. By looking at the past, it escapes the tyranny of the present and offers perspective on where we are now and how we might move beyond populist leaders and restore democracy.' --Joanne B. Ciulla, Rutgers Business School, Newark and New Brunswick, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction to Leadership, Populism, and Resistance 1 Kristin M.S. Bezio and George R. Goethals THEORY OF POPULISM 1. Populism discourse and “trouble in democracy”: a critical approach 8 Paul Sanders HISTORICAL POPULISM 2. Muslims are the new Jesuits: what we can learn about leadership and modern Islamophobia from Shakespeare’s England 30 Kristin M.S. Bezio 3. Guinartism: on Don Quixote, caudillos, and political imagination in Latin America 46 Ernesto Semán 4. Eric Voegelin on the seemliness of symbols: Shays’s Rebellion 70 Nathan Harter and Cydney Clark 5. Crusading for citizenship: how the mid-twentieth-century quest for African American voting rights emphasized plurality over populism 90 Julian Maxwell Hayter POPULISM AND MEDIA 6 Talking the talk: communication as the essential element of leadership 107 Hayley Gray-Hoehn 7. Attacking the fourth estate: the nature and effects of political leaders’ war with the press 129 Allison M.N. Archer 8. #TheResistance: leadership and the exercise of dissent in the Twitterverse 148 Kimberly Yost TODAY’S POPULISM 9. Donald Trump as the archetypal puer aeternus: the psychology of mature and immature leadership 160 Scott T. Allison, George R. Goethals, and Smaragda P. Spyrou 10. Immigration and school leadership in the Trump era: a discussion of compliance, ethic of care, and dissent 176 Thomas J. Shields and Kate M. Cassada 11. Beyond red and blue: what students need to learn if American democracy is to survive and thrive 196 Thad Williamson POPULISM AND VIRTUE 12. Humility: the forgotten leadership virtue 212 Kenneth P. Ruscio Index 222

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Book SynopsisThis essential Research Handbook provides a comprehensive and critical assessment of the global governance instruments related to business and human rights from an interdisciplinary perspective. Contributions from a diverse range of leading international scholars offer an overview of the existing literature and rapidly-evolving research discipline, as well as identifying key trends and outlining an ambitious future research agenda.The Research Handbook first examines governance initiatives that operate across economic sectors, discussing both public and private initiatives at state, regional and international levels that seek to develop, implement and enforce rules with regard to the impacts of transnational business activities on human rights. Chapters then investigate particular economic sectors – including textiles, electronics, agro-chemical, construction, and finance – to assess the ways in which different initiatives attempt to mitigate risks and address business-related human rights abuses.Scholars of law, regulatory governance, global governance, management, human rights and social sciences who are interested in gaining a deeper understanding of the emerging business and human rights regime will find this Research Handbook a crucial read. It will also prove a useful and thorough introduction for students, scholars and practitioners new to the field of business and human rights.Trade Review‘The chapters in this Handbook present a comprehensive and sophisticated analysis of the wide-ranging initiatives of non-state actors to improve the human rights performance of global firms. An impressive and informative collaborative effort by two dozen distinguished scholars that tells us both what we now know and what we still need to learn about this important subject.’ -- David Vogel, University of California, Berkeley, US‘A remarkable work with an impressive line-up of experts from different fields which provides an in-depth analysis of a wide range of issues pertaining to the field of business and human rights. A must read for anyone interested or working in the field!’ -- Claire Bright, NOVA School of Law, PortugalTable of ContentsContents: 1 Global governance of business and human rights: introduction 1 Axel Marx, Kari Otteburn, Diana Lica, Geert van Calster and Jan Wouters 2 The United Nations Draft Treaty on Business and Human Rights: an analysis of its emergence, development and potential 21 Radu Mares 3 Business and human rights and regional systems of human rights protection: applying a governance lens 44 Claire Methven O’Brien 4 The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: what contribution are the National Action Plans making? 75 Carmen Márquez Carrasco 5 Transparency and human rights in global supply chains: from corporate-led disclosure to a right to know 99 Olga Martin-Ortega 6 Human rights due diligence instruments: evaluating the current legislative landscape 120 Robert McCorquodale 7 Public procurement as an instrument to pursue human rights protection 142 Sope Williams-Elegbe 8 Voluntary standards for business and human rights: reviewing and categorizing the field 161 Andreas Rasche 9 The efficacy of voluntary standards, sustainability certifications, and ethical labels 176 Elizabeth A. Bennett 10 No ISO fix for human rights: a critical perspective on ISO 26000 guidance on social responsibility 204 Stéphanie Bijlmakers 11 Seeking remedies for corporate human rights abuses: what is the contribution of OECD National Contact Points? 228 Kari Otteburn and Axel Marx 12 Business and human rights: what role for National Human Rights Institutions? 253 Linda C. Reif 13 The role of Human Rights Ombudsman Institutions in business and human rights 273 Jernej Letnar Černič 14 Regulating human rights in the textile sector: smoke and mirrors 290 Justine Nolan 15 The electronics industry: governance of business and human rights against a background of complexity 311 Peter Pawlicki 16 Biotechnologies and concentration in the agro-biochemical-technological market: risks and challenges for human rights 333 Ana Luiza da Gama e Souza 17 Human rights and the global construction sector: deconstructing the challenges faced by low-wage workers 357 David Segall 18 Ensuring financial sector compliance with human rights: from the UNGPs to complicity 379 Marta Bordignon Index

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Book SynopsisHow did Rodrigo Duterte earn the support of large segments of the Philippine middle class, despite imposing arbitrary rule and offering little tolerance for dissent? Has the Filipino middle class, heroes of the 1986 People Power Revolution, given up on democracy? Chasing Freedom tells the story of the love/hate relationship of the Philippine middle class with democratic politics. It illuminates the historical roots and contingency of the Philippine middle-class’s reticence about democracy, and makes visible the forms of power that have shaped and constrained middle-class imaginings of democracy and representations of themselves as political subjects. Drawing on historical archival work, discourse analysis and fieldwork interviews, the chapters trace the attitudes of the Filipino middle class from the time of American colonization in 1898 to the 2016 election of strongman Rodrigo Duterte. The argument is that democracy has been, and continues to be, lived in a deeply ambivalent way. The simultaneous saying of ‘yes’ and ‘no’ to democracy by citizens is one of the defining features of the Philippines’ democratic journey. The prime source of this ambivalence, the book argues, is the Janus face of America’s ‘democratic imperialism’, and the deprecation inherent in the project of ‘democratic tutelage’. According to Webb, the Philippines is a bellwether case of what she calls democratic ambivalence. In an age when disenchantment with democracy is on the rise, it provides lessons of global importance. The book’s empirical findings support a striking conclusion: since ambivalence is not simply a ‘pathology’ of democracy, but one of its persistent features, the dynamics of ambivalence need to be at the heart of descriptive and normative accounts of how democracy works.Trade Review‘Webb sheds light on the unsung connection between democratic ambivalence in the Philippines and American imperialism… [Chasing Freedom] may spark great interest among students of political science, history, and development studies. Webb’s original contribution to Philippine historiography and democratic theory deserves further research and interest, especially when pieces of historical evidence are often left unacknowledged to deliberately cement today’s dominant narratives.’ John Romer M. Capurcos, Philippine Political Science Journal"Webb makes an original contribution to the field by offering a nuanced analysis of Filipino middle-class responses to democracy and linking this to the period of ‘democratic tutelage’ under American colonial rule.” Professor Mina Roces, Series Editor“Webb convincingly argues that to understand the middle class’s difficult relationship to democracy, one needs to examine over long stretches of time what members of the middle class have thought about democracy – something that is not often done. Webb thus develops in this book a novel and highly fruitful approach that constitutes a significant contribution to the study of democracy.” Frederic Schaffer, Professor of Political Science at University of Massachusetts Amherst.

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Book SynopsisRaphael Minder landed in Madrid in 2010 to cover Spain for The New York Times just as the dark clouds of the financial crisis were about to burst into a full-fledged euro debt storm. A Decade as a Foreign Correspondent follows the turbulent and momentous events that have reshaped the countrys political landscape: a secessionist movement in Catalonia, the end of Spain's two-party system, and a desperate attempt to contain the coronavirus pandemic. With a correspondents keen eye, this book takes the reader on an extraordinary journey of discovery from the most remote corners of Spain, where an arid soil produces delicious truffles; to Moroccan hashish trafficked alongside migrants; to the historical repercussions of American nuclear bombs; and not least to the central square of Madrid, where Spain's radical left-wing movement was born. The book shines a light on Spain through colorful anecdotes that help explain the fraught present, as well as the charged past, of a nation that only returned to democracy in the 1970s. It offers an unbiased perspective on an emotionally-charged decade that has polarized Spain. This chronicle of the social, political and economic fabric of Spain is essential reading for all involved in Hispanic studies and Spanish culture. For diplomats, civil servants, and business analysts indeed for anybody focused and involved in European affairs this tale takes to heart every economic fraud, administrative incompetence and political misdeed imaginable. Published in association with the Canada Blanch Centre for Contemporary Spanish Studies, LSE.

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Book SynopsisThis timely and engaging book examines the rise of populism across the globe. Combining insights from linguistics, argumentation theory, rhetoric, legal theory and political theory it offers a fully integrated characterization of the form and content of populist discourse. Throughout the book, eminent scholars address questions central to the topic, such as: how does populism manifest itself rhetorically; how does it relate to liberal democracy; and how can the populist challenge be confronted? Carefully selected case studies are used to examine how populist behaviour deviates from that which we would expect to be the norm in a liberal democracy, for example through the use of obnoxious language and refusal to substantiate vulgar claims. The book also provides key insights into more fundamental issues, such as the opposition between the 'real' people versus the elite and the longing for a 'Heimat'. Offering an in-depth analysis and evaluation at the intersection of language, law and politics, Vox Populi will be of great benefit to students and scholars from a range of disciplines.Table of ContentsContents: PART I: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES 1. Introduction: The Study of Populism Henrike Jansen, Bart van Klink and Ingeborg van der Geest 2. The Rhetorical Stance of Populism David Zarefsky and Dima Mohammed 3. On Populism as a ‘Spectre’, and Unmanageable Concept Massimo La Torre PART II: CONSTRUCTION OF THE PEOPLE 4. Identifying Populism in Political Discourse: A Two-Step Corpus Analysis Henk Pander Maat 5. The Populist Construction of ‘One Nation’ in Politics: The Case of Turkey Yeliz Demir 6. The Different Faces of Populism: Discursive Shifts under Obama and Trump Carina van de Wetering PART III: POPULISM AS A STYLE 7. Suggesting Outsider Status by Behaving Improperly: The Linguistic Realisation of a Populist Rhetorical Strategy in Dutch Parliament Ton van Haaften and Maarten van Leeuwen 8. Populism and Parliamentary Argumentation Games Bertjan Wolthuis 9. Low Style the High Way: Rhetorical Mainstreaming of Populism Lisa Storm Villadsen PART IV: DEMOCRACY AND REPRESENTATION 10. The Immediacy of Populism and the Unrest of Democracy: A Phenomenological Inquiry into the Public Sphere Luigi Corrias 11. The Promise and Peril of Designing: A Radical Democratic Populism Laura M. Henderson 12. The Policy Dimension of Populism: A Comparative Approach of Party System Analysis Oliver W. Lembcke PART V: RESPONSES TO POPULISM 13. Values in Populism and Argumentative Counter-Strategies: The Case of Viktor Orbán Marija Sniečkutė 14. From Fact-Checking to Rhetoric-Checking: Extending Methods for Evaluating Populist Discourse H. José Plug and Jean H. M. Wagemans 15. How to Confront the Populist Challenge? Bart van Klink and Ingeborg van der Geest Index

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Book SynopsisAre we living in an age of permanent austerity? In this insightful book, Bent Greve provides a comprehensive empirical analysis of welfare states since 2000, exploring the ways in which austerity can be measured and quantified and how far retrenchment has impinged on European welfare states. Featuring clear and succinct discussions defining austerity and retrenchment, Greve offers strong methodological approaches to the measurement of austerity. This timely book provides detailed comparative European analysis, unpacking changes in health care, pension systems and employment policies to better understand the nature, impact and extent of austerity in welfare services. Detailed and nuanced, this book is critical for students of social policy, sociology and political science exploring contemporary European austerity programs. Researchers will also benefit, as the author casts new light on the development and trajectories of the modern welfare state.Trade Review'This book presents a comprehensive stock taking exercise of welfare state developments over the last two decades. It shows that, contrary to widespread perceptions and analyses that emphasize austerity and retrenchment, welfare spending has continued to increase. It provides further validation of the notion that welfare states are an indispensable component of modern political economies.' --Giuliano Bonoli, University of Lausanne, Switzerland'The concept of austerity has been a dominant one in political and public policy discourse since the Great Recession of 2008. In social policy the ''era of austerity'' dates back even longer, to at least the turn of the millennium. Yet, the term is often ill-defined and its application is sometimes more assumed than measured and analysed. In this rigorously researched book Bent Greve develops a clear framework for investigating what ''austerity'' has actually meant for EU welfare states. When has it, and when has it not, been implemented? Greve paints on a broad comparative canvas, but draws a complex picture. This book provides a fresh, and needed, insight. It should be read by all with an interest in the recent history and possible futures of European welfare states.' --Alex Waddan, University of Leicester, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Austerity and the Welfare State: An Introduction 2. Key concepts 3. Can we measure change? 4. Tax or welfare? 5. Key developments in welfare state spending 6. Has there been austerity within the pension system? 7. Employment policy 8. Health care 9. Long-term care 10. Poverty and inequality 11. How far have welfare states changed? 12. Austerity in welfare states or not? Index

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Book SynopsisMany democratic theorists have viewed the recent innovations adopted throughout Latin America in a positive light. This evaluation has engendered the idea that all innovations are democratic and all democratic innovations are able to foster citizenship. Presenting a realistic analysis of both the positive and negative aspects of innovation, this book argues that these innovations ought to be examined at the intersection between design and the political system.The Two Faces of Institutional Innovation offers a new perspective on developments such as participatory budgeting, the National Electoral Institute (INE) and the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in Mexico and comités de vigilancia in Bolivia, and evaluates the extent to which, in reality, citizens were involved in decision-making, distributive policies and citizen education. Further chapters also examine the expansion of innovation to the field of judicial institutions - one of the key areas in which innovation took place in Latin America, showing that the role of legal corporations in democracy cannot be compared with the role of engaged citizens.Contemporary and astute, this book will captivate students and scholars researching in the areas of innovation policy and regulatory governance. Its analysis of the positive and negative aspects of democratic innovation will also benefit democratic theorists and policy-makers alike.Trade Review'It is a truism to say that to understand democracy one must go beyond elections and the activities of the political class, and delve into the entrails of the bureaucracy and the judiciary. The execution is complicated, because it requires navigating a forest of rules and regulations and dissecting numerous small-scale decisions, but this book offers excellent examples of how to go about this task.' --David Lehmann, Journal of Latin American Studies'Avritzer's groundbreaking book demonstrates how different trajectories of innovations affect both democratic politics and the rule of law. The book highlights how democratic innovations expand citizens' voice and broaden the public sphere. In contrast, innovations initiated with the judicial branch not only limit democratic practices, but also make it more difficult to craft a functioning rule of law because there are few accountability checks over judicial actions. Avritzer's book makes an excellent contribution to debates on democratic politics and the rule of law in new democracies.' --Brian Wampler, Boise State University, US'Most students of democratization since 1974 (myself included) were wrong and Leonardo Avritzer has proven us so. We assumed (and complained) that in these seventy or so cases, almost all of the effort in regime change was devoted to simply imitating preceding ''real-existing democracies.'' His book documents and analyzes an extraordinary variety of efforts at institutional innovation in these neo-democracies, mostly in Latin America (and especially in his native Brazil). It is enlightening reading for anyone studying democratization and obligatory reading for anyone interested in improving the quality of ''real and recent existing'' democracy.' --Philippe C. Schmitter, European University Institute, ItalyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: the theory of institutional innovation: an overview 1. The two sides of institutional innovation 2. A second source of innovation: critical public policy 3. Participatory budgeting as a democratic innovation: origins, expansion, and limits 4. Councils and monitoring in Latin America as forms of participatory accountability 5. Innovation in the wrong direction: the Brazilian and Colombian constitutional tradition, Ministério Público and the Courts Conclusion: The two faces of Innovation Index

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Book SynopsisThis thought-provoking book conceptualizes the importance of civil society and citizenship in building a sustainable and participatory democracy. It considers the ways in which networks and organizations promoting common interests contribute to this mediating space between the public and private spheres, examining the impacts of the diversity of values and attitudes held by these organizations.Taking a normative position, Thomas P. Boje argues for the importance of social justice and civility in an active, liberating, equitable and participatory society. He presents a series of ideas for democratic involvement and emancipation through civil society organizations, as well as societal institutions more generally. This innovative book concludes with a detailed discussion of the conditions required for a participatory democratic system in which all citizens are involved in the planning, decision-making and implementation of crucial decisions influencing the development of an equitable society.This timely book will be an illuminating read for students and scholars seeking to understand the role of civil society and real participatory democracy in liberal democracies. It will also be a key resource for policy makers, professionals and activists wishing to become more informed about conditions for participatory democracy and activism.Trade Review'Bridging reflections on civil society and democracy, Thomas Boje addresses the central questions of the conditions under which civil action improves democratic processes. Covering fundamental debates for normative as well as empirical scholarship, he convincingly argues for the importance of social justice and civility for an active, liberating and participatory society.' -- Donatella Della Porta, Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy'In times where popular resentment against prevailing orders and practices sustains an autocratization of political and social systems, this book presents an engaged and well-informed plea for counter-initiatives. It argues the case for better links between state and society - a liberal democratic order that regains strength by more participatory mechanisms and types of welfare and service systems which foster a co-productive role for the public. The result is a compelling case for an active kind of citizenship and a civility that counts for society at large.' -- Adalbert Evers, Heidelberg University, Germany'Civil society and civility are basic conditions for participatory democracy. Liberal democratic ideals of civility and citizenship entail a vibrant civil society enabling, through a plurality of organizations, citizens’ active participation and mediating between private and collective interests. To make this normative case, Thomas P. Boje draws on a wide range of sociological and political theories and empirical researches, developing a comprehensive view of the significance of civil society for the present and future of liberal democracy.' -- Bernard Enjolras, Institute for Social research, Oslo, Norway'Thomas P. Boje makes an important contribution to the literature on the role of civil society and active citizenship in building sustainable and participatory democracies. In these turbulent times, when democracy is under threat from rising right-wing, authoritarian populism and declining trust in political institutions and parties, it is essential to examine how citizens' actions and networks, contribute to trust and cooperation. Of course, civil society organizations are not free from conflict, mistrust or competition and Boje deftly grapples with these tensions as he lays out a series of ideas for democratic involvement and emancipation through these organizations.' -- Armine Ishkanian, London School of Economics and Political Science, UKTable of ContentsContents: Foreword Introduction to Civility and Participatory Democracy 1. Civil society, citizenship and activism: conditions for real democracy 2. Civility, social justice and active participation 3. Civil society on the political agenda: the conditions for the collective 4. From public to civic social services 5. Global civil society and civic participation 6. Citizenship and civil society: rights, duties and belonging 7. Civil society, civic action and populism 8. Participation and democracy: the role of activism References Index

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Book SynopsisThis visionary book seeks to uncover the main barriers to achieving greater social justice in existing twenty-first century capitalism. Developing a comprehensive consequentialist theory of justice applied to today’s global situation, Mike Berry adopts the thesis that, in order to move towards a more just world, the weaknesses of liberal democracy must be overcome through reconstructing robust, resilient social democracies.Arguing for the necessary interrelation of justice and democracy, the book presents a detailed analysis of the development of and threats to western democracy in the current phase of global capitalism. Chapters offer a progressive case for a reconstructed social democracy, rather than piecemeal reform of existing liberal democratic regimes. Berry examines how the oligarchic trajectory of capitalism must be stymied through radical institutional change and continual monitoring. The book concludes that this is a continuing political project, calling for new modes of mobilisation and the ecological emergence of new values and world views.Introducing the critical role of uncertainty and the relevance of real time to the question of progress defined as increasing justice, this book will be critical reading for scholars and students of political philosophy, political economy and public policy. It will also be beneficial for progressive policy makers and advisers questioning existing policy platforms and settings.Trade Review‘Mike Berry’s latest book gives us a basis for considering what a more disruptive and forward looking political economic project could be. Political economists have not always been all that clear in spelling out their politics. By this, I mean much more than a failure to spell out the ‘mechanics’ of how they think their critique of the status quo can be turned into an effective political program (which proved a fateful lacuna in Marx’s case). One aspect of the dissensus Berry is giving voice to engages fundamental ideas about justice and the good society. Whether you agree with Berry or not, he offers a basis on which we can start to think about what we want governments, markets and the community to do, and why.’ -- Rob Watts, Journal of Australian Political Economy‘Justice and Democracy is a well-written and engaging book. Being true to his rejection of a clear division of intellectual labour between a political philosopher and social scientist, Berry juxtaposes nicely philosophical thinking on justice with rich historical and political economy narratives of various current issues ranging from surveillance capitalism and the rise of populism to climate change and global pandemic.’> -- Sine Bag?atur, Housing, Theory and Society‘This work is accessible to newcomers and will keep old hands enthralled.’ -- Anitra Nelson, Progress in Political Economy‘A thorough reappraisal of the strained relationship between justice and democracy has never been more important than in our current global context of the Great Unsettling. Mike Berry not only offers a penetrating historical analysis of this relationship, but also provides a thoughtful roadmap to social justice based on the necessary restructuring of global capitalism. Rejecting both neoliberal market globalism and the populist retreat to economic nationalism, this book calls instead for a reglobalization of the enduring social democratic principles of equality, solidarity, and anti-authoritarianism. A must-read!’ -- Manfred B. Steger, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, US and Western Sydney University, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: anti-entropy – the idea of progress PART I THE IMPERATIVES OF JUSTICE 1. Why justice matters 2. The pursuit of the ideal 3. Working towards justice PART II THE FRAGILITY OF DEMOCRACY 4. Why democracy matters 5. The threats to democracy 6. Shoring up democracy Epilogue: looking forward References Index

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Book SynopsisWith the rise of direct-democratic instruments, the relationship between popular sovereignty and the rule of law is set to become one of the defining political issues of our time. This important and timely book provides an in-depth analysis of the limits imposed on referendums and citizens’ initiatives, as well as of systems of reviewing compliance with these limits, in 11 European states.Chapters explore and lay the scientific basis for answering crucial questions such as ‘Where should the legal limits of direct democracy be drawn?’ and ‘Who should review compliance with these limits?’ Providing a comparative analysis of the different issues in the selected countries, the book draws out key similarities and differences, as well as an assessment of the law and the practice at national levels when judged against the international standards contained in the Venice Commission’s Guidelines on the Holding of Referendums.Presenting an up-to-date analysis of the relationship between popular sovereignty and the rule of law, The Legal Limits of Direct Democracy will be a key resource for scholars and students in comparative and constitutional law and political science. It will also be beneficial to policy-makers and practitioners in parliaments, governments and election commissions, and experts working for international organisations.Trade Review‘Referendums and popular initiatives have become more frequent in Europe, and also more disruptive for the stability of national political systems. There is a rich political science literature on the promise and risk of direct democracy but the legal literature, so far, tended to be country-specific. The present volume fills a gap in our knowledge by providing an in-depth comparative study of the legal constraints that condition and channel the recourse to instruments of direct democracy. The book covers 11 representative countries of Europe and it also discusses the Europe-wide Code of good practice on referendums adopted by the Venice Commission.’Table of ContentsContents: 1 Introduction to The Legal Limits of Direct Democracy 1 Daniel Moeckli PART I THE VENICE COMMISSION’S CODE OF GOOD PRACTICE ON REFERENDUMS 2 The Code of Good Practice on Referendums 11 Pierre Garrone 3 Revision of the Code of Good Practice on Referendums 19 Nicos C. Alivizatos PART II ‘OLD’ EUROPEAN DEMOCRACIES 4 Switzerland 24 Daniel Moeckli 5 Liechtenstein 43 Wilfried Marxer 6 Italy 65 Henri Ibi 7 Spain 86 Daniel Simancas 8 France 107 Marthe Fatin-Rouge Stefanini PART III ‘NEW’ EUROPEAN DEMOCRACIES 9 Slovenia 135 Bruna Žuber and Igor Kaučič 10 Croatia 155 Robert Podolnjak 11 Slovakia 176 Kamil Baraník 12 Hungary 195 Anna Forgács 13 Latvia 214 Mārtinš Birģelis 14 Russia 236 Julian Ivan Beriger 15 Comparative conclusion 262 Anna Forgács, Henri Ibi and Daniel Moeckli Index

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Book SynopsisThis ground-breaking book investigates the work of policy professionals. They consist of political actors who, although not elected to office, are nonetheless employed to affect policy and politics on a partisan basis. Through an analysis of the influence and power they wield, this book sheds light on how the growth of this group represents a major transformation of the organization of politics and policy making in advanced democracies. Taking a comparative, longitudinal perspective, Stefan Svallfors examines a combination of rich qualitative and quantitative data from countries such as Sweden, the Netherlands, Ireland and Latvia in order to explore what skills policy professionals deploy, the motivations that drive them, and the demand and use for their skills in various organizations. He links his analysis to fundamental questions about the current state and future of democracy, demonstrating that the work of policy professionals is key to understanding how contemporary political influence and democratic accountability function. Politics for Hire will be a stimulating read for scholars and advanced students in political science, public administration, public policy and sociology. It will also provide useful insights for those working in politics and governance seeking to understand the impact and influence of policy professionals.Trade Review‘Politics for Hire. The World and Work of Policy Professionals makes a welcome contribution to an underexplored subject of research. In his book, Stefan Svallfors applies a truly comparative lens to approach the subject and he uses a variety of resources to offer us a rich understanding of an invisible yet very intriguing world.’ -- Ellen Fobé, der moderne staat’Unelected political professionals loom increasingly large in European governance. But what do these professionals do, how do they do it, and what difference does it make? In a single study, Stefan Svallfors recasts our understanding of this sorely neglected issue, bringing the ‘’shadow government’’ of complex democratic societies back to the center of focus and debate. A masterful book.’- Jacob S. Hacker, Yale University, USTable of ContentsContents: 1. The new unelected 2. A research field in the making 3. Glocal political action: generic skills, local application 4. Power without responsibility 5. The peculiar market for political skills (with Niels Selling) 6. Lobbying for profits: the Swedish case (with Anna Tyllström) 7. Policy professionals and the future of democracy Index

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Book SynopsisThis cutting-edge book explores the diverse and contested meanings of ''citizenship'' in the 21st century, as representative democracy faces a mounting crisis in the wake of the Digital Age. Luigi Ceccarini enriches and updates the common notion of citizenship, answering the question of how it is possible to fully live as a citizen in a post-modern political community.Employing an international, multidisciplinary framework, Ceccarini brings together the findings of continental political philosophy and history, and contemporary western political science and communication studies to advance our understanding of political motivation and participation in the present day. As new participatory and monitoring dynamics of online citizenship redefine the very form of public space, this timely book addresses the values, creativity and aspirations through which social actors engage with a networked society, making use of technological innovations and new forms of communication to participate in post-representative politics.A provocative call to action in an era defined by distrust, disillusionment and digitization, this book is crucial reading for scholars and researchers of political science, sociology and communication studies, particularly those seeking a thoroughly modern understanding of digital citizenship. It will also benefit advanced political science students in need of a historical overview of the concept of citizenship and how it has developed under the auspices of the Internet.Trade Review'What does it mean to be a ''good online citizen''? While it has become a commonplace to say that the Internet is profoundly changing our political and social lives, few commentators have delved into the full ramifications of its implications for citizenship as thoroughly as Luigi Ceccarini does here in this richly documented account.' -- Colin Crouch, University of Warwick, UK and Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, GermanyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction 1. In the background 2. Citizenship, identity and political community 3. Citizens: dealigned and critical 4. Participation and (post)democracy 5. ‘Monitoria’ and responsibility 6. Going beyond mediation 7. Conclusions References Index

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Book SynopsisElgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary.Mapping a wide range of civil society research perspectives, this pioneering Research Agenda offers a rich and clear insight for academics and practitioners hoping to embark on future civil society research. Kees Biekart and Alan Fowler bring together over 20 expert contributions from researchers across the globe who are actively engaged in testing the old and generating new knowledge about civil society. Beginning with a concise historical review of civil society research over the last four decades, the book provides a critical insight into the future of research, taking into account the domestic outcomes of major geopolitical changes and the increasing shift towards authoritarian and populist systems of governance. Exploring the norms and values of civil society, as well as key topics such as voluntourism, civil society mapping, democratization, and civic agency, chapters offer a unique overview of civil society research themes and agendas. Its comprehensive analysis of canonical civil society research provides a fertile basis from which novel research can be conducted.A wide audience of development professionals, including NGO staff, consultants, evaluators, and public servants, will benefit from the forward-looking perspectives advanced in this dynamic Research Agenda. It will also be an essential resource for academics and researchers in the field.Trade Review‘A Research Agenda for Civil Society provides a much needed synopsis of the antecedents, internal contradictions, and promises of civil society within a comparative African-Global Southern Context. At a time of pervasive political and epistemological uncertainty, the book throws precious critical light on a subject of increasing academic and policy relevance.’ -- Ebenezer Obadare, Council on Foreign Relations, US‘This book represents an important effort to diversify our thinking about civil society and challenge common assumptions about its processes, constituent parts, and effects. It will be an essential addition to university libraries and courses worldwide.’ -- Michael Edwards, writer and activist, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1 A research agenda for civil society: introduction and overview 1 Kees Biekart and Alan Fowler PART I STUDYING CIVIL SOCIETY 2 Funding civil society research 17 David Sogge 3 Epistemologies of civil society 33 Patricia Maria E. Mendonça 4 Civil society studies in Brazil: from third sector to uncivil society? 45 Mário Aquino Alves 5 Civic deviance and lawlessness: the aftermath of January 6, 2021 55 Roseanne Mirabella and W. King Mott 6 Measuring the values of civil society in the Middle East and North Africa regions 69 Ali Bakir Hamoudi 7 Mapping civil society 83 Susan Appe PART II CIVIL SOCIETY TYPOLOGIES 8 Human rights organizations and civil society 99 Antoine Buyse and Verónica Gómez 9 From humanitarian diplomacy to advocacy: a research agenda 111 Dorothea Hilhorst and Margit van Wessel 10 NGOs and innovation 127 Ana Luisa Silva 11 Emergent agency in a time of Covid 143 Irene Guijt, Duncan Green, Filippo Artuso and Katrina Barnes 12 Civil society and (re‑)embedding volunteering 161 Lucas Meijs and Stephanie Koolen-Maas 13 The value of diasporic cross-border philanthropy and voluntourism 173 Philine S.M. van Overbeeke and Malika Ouacha 14 New and fluid forms of organizing volunteering 189 Cristine Dyhrberg Højgaard 15 Public administration as a site of struggle for social justice 201 Chris McInerney PART III HISTORIOGRAPHIES OF CIVIL SOCIETY 16 Pro-social giving and reciprocity in the Global South 215 John C. H. Godfrey 17 Connecting African civil society to its roots 229 Alan Fowler and Shauna Mottiar 18 Understanding diversity of South Caucasus civil society 243 Yevgenya Jenny Paturyan 19 The Polish case: from darling to endangered species? 255 Galia Chimiak 20 Civil society in the Southern Cone of Latin America 271 Pablo Marsal Baraldi 21 The future of civil society research in China, Hong Kong and Vietnam 283 Mark Sidel PART IV CONCLUSIONS 22 Civil society research: future perspectives 295 Alan Fowler and Kees Biekart Index

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Book SynopsisExamining one of the most hotly debated topics in contemporary politics, media and academia, the Research Handbook on Populism brings together a diverse range of academics from across the globe to provide a detailed and comprehensive overview of the developing field of populism research. This title contains one or more Open Access chapters.

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Book SynopsisThis unique book presents original concepts to characterize the current crisis of democracy. Offering a comparative study of original electoral data and analysis of contemporary trends, models and theoretical frameworks, Luigi Di Gregorio argues that democracy is affected by ‘demopathy’; it is sick and is in need of therapy.Luigi Di Gregorio explores how democratic malaise derives from the transition to postmodernity and the rise of individualization: the loss of social meaning, the end of meta-narratives, the crisis of knowledge and cognitive authorities, narcissism and new perceptions of time and space. The author argues that mass media and technological innovations are the main drivers of this change and have heightened the logic of the consumer society. The resulting psychological democracy is that of a permanent ‘pollcracy’, whose leaders are simply pursuers of public opinion. The book concludes that democracy must be defended by building a positive narrative to counterbalance the effects of these trends.Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this book will be critical reading for scholars and students of political science, political sociology, political theory and political communication and marketing. Its broad perspective paints a big picture that will also be beneficial for political consultants and policy analysts.Trade Review‘This work offers a convincing analysis that stresses the mutual causation between political leadership, citizens, and the media. I am confident that promising (and achievable) cures follow logically from this analysis. Demopathy and the Democratic Malaise is an outstanding book that democrats anywhere should pay close attention to.’Table of ContentsContents: Foreword 1. Introduction to demopathy and the democratic malaise PART I SYMPTOMS 2. The contemporary crisis of democracy. Symptoms of the democratic malaise PART II DIAGNOSIS 3. The origin of the crisis. Individualized modernity and the narcissist syndrome 4. The communication and image society. The driver of the narcissist syndrome 5. Demopathy. Public emotion, pollcracy, followship PART III THERAPY 6. Towards a democracy of the imaginary. An evolutionary perspective 7. (Covid) Afterword Index

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