Crime and criminology Books

Book SynopsisThis authoritative and comprehensive reference work introduces the reader to the major concepts and leading contributors in the field of law and economics.The Companion features accessible, informative and provocative entries on all the significant areas and breaks new ground by bringing together widely dispersed but theoretically congruent ideas for the first time. An important feature of the book is the inclusion of 26 scholarly biographies of the founding fathers of law and economics.As a major source of reference on law and economics, the Companion will be welcomed by both students and teachers in law and economics, and will also have relevance for industrial economists and historians of economic thought.Trade Review'Backhaus's book is a good companion.'Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: Basics of the Law and Economics Approach Part II: Private Law and Economics Part III: Public Law and Economics Part IV: Labor Law and Economics Part V: Regulation, Taxation and Public Enterprise Part VI: Dispute Resolution Part VII: Different Sources of the Law Part VIII: Towards an Ideal Economic Analysis of a Legal Problem Part IX: Classical Authors in Law and Economics Index

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Book SynopsisCriminal Justice Policy is an authoritative collection of previously published writings addressing the most important issues which have dominated the field during the past fifteen years.Topics covered include: international perspectives on the extent and nature of crime; theoretical explanations for the onset, escalation and termination of criminal behaviour; the social context of crime; evaluating alternative crime policy options; crime control policy and the future.Criminal Justice Policy should be required reading for community leaders, for policymakers at all levels of government and for members of the general public actively interested in creating more effective crime policies.Table of ContentsContents: Introduction Part I: The Extent and Nature of Crime: International Perspectives Part II: Theoretical Explanations for the Onset, Escalation, and Termination of Criminal Behavior Part III: The Social Context of Crime Part IV: Evaluating Alternative Crime Policy Options Part V: Crime Control Policy and the Future: What is to be Done? Index

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Book SynopsisThis authoritative three volume set brings together the most important published papers on the economic analysis of corruption and illegal markets. It ranges from theoretical issues explaining the nature of corruption to analogies between governments regulating legal markets and organised crime ruling over illegal markets. Particular attention is paid to the effects of standard public policies, such as standard controls or quality standards, on the development of shadow and illegal markets, and consequently on the incentives to invest in bribery and extortion. The book highlights the consequences of corruption both for the efficiency of a market system and on the long run growth of the economy with special reference to developing countries.Table of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements • Introduction Volume I: Part I: Corruption and Allocation of Resources 1. Jeans Christopher Andvig (1991), ‘The Economics of Corruption: A Survey’ 2. Jens Chr. Andvig and Karl Ove Moene (1990), ‘How Corruption May Corrupt’ 3. Francis T. Lui (1985), ‘An Equilibrium Queuing Model of Bribery’ 4. Susan Rose-Ackerman (1975), ‘The Economics of Corruption’ 5. Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1993), ‘Corruption’ 6. Mehmet Bac (1996), ‘Corruption and Supervision Costs in Hierarchies’ 7. Mehmet Bac (1996), ‘Corruption, Supervision, and the Structure of Hierarchies’ Part II: Corruption and Game Theory 8. Paul J. Beck and Michael W. Maher (1986), ‘A Comparison of Bribery and Bidding in Thin Markets’ 9. Olivier Cadot (1987), ‘Corruption as a Gamble’ 10. Leonard Kleinrock (1967), ‘Optimum Bribing for Queue Position’ 11. Da-Hsiang Donald Lien (1986), ‘A Note on Competitive Bribery Games’ 12. Da-Hsiang Donald Lien (1987), ‘Asymmetric Information in Competitive Bribery Games’ 13. Jean Tirole (1996), ‘A Theory of Collective Reputations (With Applications to the Persistence of Corruption and to Firm Quality)’ Part III: Corruption, Bureaucracy and Public Intervention 14. Edward C. Banfield (1975), ‘Corruption as a Feature of Governmental Organization’ 15. Bruce L. Benson and John Baden (1985), ‘The Political Economy of Governmental Corruption: The Logic of Underground Government’ 16. Parkash Chander and Louis Wilde (1992), ‘Corruption in Tax Administration’ 17. Frank Flatters and W. Bentley Macleod (1995), ‘Administrative Corruption and Taxation’ 18. Melanie Manion (1996), ‘Corruption by Design: Bribery in Chinese Enterprise Licensing’ and ‘Correction to “Corruption by Design”’ 19. S. Rottenberg (1960), ‘A Theory of Corruption in Trade Unions’ 20. Barbara N. Sands (1990), ‘Decentralizing an Economy: The Role of Bureaucratic Corruption in China’s Economic Reforms’ 21. Robert Wade (1985), ‘The Market for Public Office: Why the Indian State Is Not Better at Development’ Part IV: The Social Costs of Corruption 22. P. Bardhan (1997), ‘Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues’ 23. Michael Beenstock (1979), ‘Corruption and Development’ 24. Arye L. Hilman and Eliakim Katz (1987), ‘Hierarchical Structure and the Social Costs of Bribes and Transfers’ 25. Mushtaq H. Khan (1996), ‘The Efficiency Implications of Corruption’ 26. Da-Hsiang Donald Lien (1990), ‘Corruption and Allocation Efficiency’ 27. Leong H. Liew (1992), ‘Corruption as a Form of Insurance’ 28. Oskar Kurer (1993), ‘Clientelism, Corruption, and the Allocation of Resources’ Part V: Corruption, Development and Growth 29. M.S. Alam (1990), ‘Some Economic Costs of Corruption in LDC’s’ 30. M.S. Alam (1995), ‘A Theory of Limits on Corruption and Some Applications’ 31. N. Vijay Jagannathan (1986), ‘Corruption, Delivery Systems, and Property Rights’ 32. Omotunde E.G. Johnson (1975), ‘An Economic Analysis of Corrupt Government, with Special Application to Less Developed Countries’ 33. John Macrae (1992), ‘Underdevelopment and the Economics of Corruption: A Game Theory Approach’ 34. Paolo Mauro (1995), ‘Corruption and Growth’ 35. Oluwole Owoye and Ibrahim Bendardaf (1996), ‘The Macroeconomic Analysis of the Effects of Corruption on Economic Growth of Developing Economies’ 36. Salim Rashid (1981), ‘Public Utilities in Egalitarian LDC’s: The Role of Bribery in Achieving Pareto Efficiency’ Name Index Volume II: Part I: Productive and Destructive Economic Activities 1. Jagdish N. Bhagwati (1982), ‘Directly Unproductive Profit-Seeking (DUP) Activities’ 2. William J. Baumol (1990), ‘Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive’ 3. Herschel I. Grossman and Suk JaeNoh (1990), ‘A Theory of Kleptocracy With Probabilistic Survival and Reputation’ 4. Herschel I. Grossman and Minseong Kim (1995), ‘Swords or Plowshares? A Theory of the Security of Claims to Property’ 5. Jack Hirschleifer (1991), ‘The Paradox of Power’ 6. Anne O. Krueger (1974), ‘The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society’ 7. Kevin M. Murphy, Andrei Schleifer and Robert W. Vishny (1993), ‘Why is Rent-seeking so Costly to Growth?’ 8. Stergios Skaperdas (1992), ‘Cooperation, Conflict, and Power in the Absence of Property Rights’ Part II: The Economic Theory of Illegal Activities 9. Gary S. Becker (1968), ‘Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach’ 10. Michael K. Block and Robert C. Lind (1975), ‘Crime and Punishment Reconsidered’ 11. M.K. Block and J.M. Heineke (1975), ‘A Labor Theoretic Analysis of the Criminal Choice’ 12. Samuel Cameron (1988), ‘The Economics of Crime Deterrence: A Survey of Theory and Evidence’ 13. William T. Dickens (1986), ‘Crime and Punishment Again: The Economic Approach with a Psychological Twist’ 14. Isaac Ehrlich (1973), ‘Participation in Illegitimate Activities: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation’ 15. Isaac Ehrlich (1996), ‘Crime, Punishment, and the Market for Offenses’ 16. Richard B. Freeman (1996), ‘Why Do So Many Young American Men Commit Crimes and What Might We Do About It?’ 17. Stephan M. Panther (1995), ‘The Economics of Crime and Criminal Law: An Antithesis to Sociological Theories?’ Part III: Law Enforcement and Deterrence Policies 18. Gary S. Becker and George J. Stigler (1974), ‘Law Enforcement, Malfeasance, and Compensation of Enforcers’ 19. John R. Lott, Jr. and Russell D. Roberts (1989), ‘Why Comply: One Sided Enforcement of Price Controls and Victimless Crime Laws’ 20. Arun S. Malik (1990), ‘Avoidance, Screening and Optimum Enforcement’ 21. A. Mitchell Polinsky and Steven Shavell (1992), ‘Enforcement Costs and the Optimal Magnitude and Probability of Fines’ 22. Steven Shavell (1991), ‘Specific versus General Enforcement of Law’ 23. George J. Stigler (1970), ‘The Optimum Enforcement of Laws’ Part IV: Deterrence Policies Against Corruption 24. Kaushik Basu, Sudipto Bhattacharya and Ajit Mishra (1992), ‘Notes on Bribery and the Control of Corruption’ 25. Timothy Besley and John McLaren (1993), ‘Taxes and Bribery: the Role of Wage Incentives’ 26. Roger Bowles and Nuno Garoupa (1997), ‘Casual Police Corruption and the Economics of Crime’ 27. Francis T. Lui (1986), ‘A Dynamic Model of Corruption Deterrence’ 28. D. Mookherjee and I.P.L. Png (1995), ‘Corruptible Law Enforcers: How Should They Be Compensated?’ 29. Eric Rasmusen and J. Mark Ramseyer (1994), ‘Cheap Bribes and the Corruption Ban: A Coordination Game Among Rational Legislators’ Name Index Volume III: Part I: The Underground Economy 1. Bruno Contini (1981), ‘Labor Market Segmentation and the Development of the Parallel Economy – The Italian Experience’ 2. Arne Jon Isachsen and Steinar Strøm (1980), ‘The Hidden Economy: The Labor Market and Tax Evasion’ 3. Edgar L. Feige (1994), ‘The Underground Economy and the Currency Enigma’ 4. Bruno S. Frey and Werner W. Pommerehne (1984), ‘The Hidden Economy: State and Prospects for Measurement’ 5. P. Reuter (1984), ‘The Economic Significance of Illegal Markets in the United States: Some Observations’ 6. Friedrich Schneider (1994), ‘Can the Shadow Economy be Reduced Through Major Tax Reforms? An Empirical Investigation for Austria’ 7. Vito Tanzi (1983), ‘The Underground Economy in the United States: Annual Estimates, 1930–80’ Part II: Victimless Activities and Illegal Markets 8. Jagdish N. Bhagwati (1981), ‘Alternative Theories of Illegal Trade: Economic Consequences and Statistical Detection’ 9. Christopher S. Koper and Peter Reuter (1996), ‘Suppressing Illegal Gun Markets: Lessons from Drug Enforcement’ 10. Mary E. Lovely and Douglas R. Nelson (1994), ‘Illegal Trade and Endogenous Tariff Formation’ 11. Harold C. Nathan (1980), ‘Economic Analysis of Usury Laws’ 12. Chris Paul and Al Wilhite (1994), ‘Illegal Markets and the Social Costs of Rent-Seeking’ 13. Richard L. Peterson (1983), ‘Usury Laws and Consumer Credit: A Note’ 14. Marie Thursby, Richard Jensen and Jerry Thursby (1991), ‘Smuggling, Camouflaging, and Market Structure’ 15. Daniel J. Villegas (1989), ‘The Impact of Usury Ceilings on Consumer Credit’ 16. Rodney T. Smith (1976), ‘The Legal and Illegal Markets for Taxed Goods: Pure Theory and an Application to State Government Taxation of Distilled Spirits’ 17. John D. Wolken and Frank J. Navratil (1981), ‘The Economic Impact of the Federal Credit Union Usury Ceiling’ Part III: The Economics of the Organized Crime 18. Diego Gambetta (1988), ‘Fragments of an Economic Theory of the Mafia’ 19. William P. Jennings (1984), ‘A Note on the Economics of the Organized Crime’ 20. Riccardo Marselli and Marco Vannini (1997), ‘Estimating a Crime Equation in the Presence of Organized Crime: Evidence from Italy’ 21. Thomas C. Schelling (1967), ‘Economics and Criminal Enterprise’ 22. Thomas C. Schelling (1971), ‘What Is the Business of the Organized Crime?’ Part IV: The Market for Drugs and Public Policy 23. Susan L. Averett and Harold M. Hochman (1994), ‘Addictive Behavior and Public Policy’ 24. Gary S. Becker, Michael Grossman and Kevin M. Murphy (1991), ‘Rational Addiction and the Effects of Price on Consumption’ 25. Gary S. Becker and Kevin M. Murphy (1988), ‘A Theory of Rational Addiction’ 26. Roger D. Blair and Ronald J. Vogel (1973), ‘Heroin Addiction and Urban Crime’ 27. Billy J. Eatherly (1974), ‘Drug-Law Enforcement: Should We Arrest Pushers or Users?’ 28. John Holahan (1973), ‘The Economics of Control of the Illegal Supply of Heroin’ 29. John R. Lott, Jr. (1992), ‘An Attempt at Measuring the Total Monetary Penalty from Drug Convinctions: The Importance of an Individual's Reputation’ 30. Richard B. McKenzie (1991), ‘Rational Addiction, Lagged Demands and the Efficiency of Excise Taxes: Revisions of Standard Theory’ 31. Mark H. Moore (1973), ‘Policies To Achieve Discrimination on the Effective Price of Heroin’ 32. Peter Reuter (1988), ‘Quantity Illusions and Paradoxes of Drug Interdiction: Federal Intervention into Vice Policy’ 33. Simon Rottenberg (1968), ‘The Clandestine Distribution of Heroin, Its Discovery and Suppression’ 34. George J. Stigler and Gary S. Becker (1977), ‘De Gustibus non Est Disputandum’ 35. Michael D. White and William A. Luksetich (1983), ‘Heroin: Price Elasticity and Enforcement Strategies’ Name Index

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Book SynopsisThis report presents the findings from one of the first evaluations of a British programme to integrate drug and alcohol treatment with mental health services, and education, training and employment support - the 'From Dependency to Work (D2W)' programme. It provides an invaluable insight into the challenges and difficulties of integrating services in this way and highlights important lessons for central and regional government on funding and working with the voluntary sector to deliver services. With the recent launch of the Drug Interventions Programme (DIP), designed to get statutory and voluntary sector agencies working together to tackle the social factors associated with drug misuse and crime, stakeholders across the country will need to develop effective multi-disciplinary working in this field. This report provides all those involved, from a strategic level to frontline practitioners, with a clearer understanding of the issues.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Background: Background to the programme; Aims and objectives of the programme; The programme's target group; Methodology; The report; Chapter 2: How the programme performed: The effectiveness of D2W as a pan-London referral mechanism; Client perceptions and experiences of D2W; The short-term impact of D2W on offending behaviour; Chapter 3: Constraints on programme performance: Setting the programme up; Wider structural and organisational changes; Internal programme management and organisation; Recruiting and retaining staff; Confusion about the scope of the scheme; Problems identifying multiple needs; Treatment planning and care management; Addressing multiple needs: a parallel or sequenced approach?; Developing an exit and forward strategy; Chapter 4: Conclusions: Did D2W help those who engaged with it?; Did D2W reach the target number of offenders with multiple needs?; Did D2W actually address multiple needs?; Was the D2W concept viable?; What funding and performance management regimes might better foster partnership work?; How best should government contract with the voluntary sector?; Successors to D2W?; Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis timely and important report draws together the findings of an extensive two-year study of developments in the provision of visible policing in England and Wales. Exploring the dynamic relations between different public and private providers, it combines an overview of national developments with a detailed analysis of six focused case studies, including two city centres, one out-of-town shopping centre, an industrial park and two residential areas. The report considers the role of community support officers, neighbourhood wardens and private security guards, amongst other plural policing personnel and outlines the policy implications of the research findings, particularly with regard to the Government's current police reform agenda. It also provides important insights and recommendations regarding the organisation, co-ordination and regulation of the future mixed economy of visible security patrols. Plural policing will be of special interest to academics, researchers, policy makers, police and security managers and students of criminology and policing, as well as all those interested in community safety and the changing face of modern policing.Table of ContentsIntroduction; A mixed economy of plural policing; Strategies and styles of policing; Public reassurance; The challenge of coordination; Questions of governance and accountability; Conclusions and recommendations.

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Book SynopsisWhat is to be done about prostitution? Is it work or is it violence? Are women involved in prostitution offenders or victims? Is prostitution a private or a political issue? The answers to these questions vary depending on many factors, including where in the world you live. This book provides a valuable, detailed international comparison of the laws, policies and interventions in eight countries across Europe (England and Wales, France, Sweden and Moldova) and Asia (India, Pakistan, Thailand and Taiwan). The countries were chosen because of their contrasting social policy and legislative frameworks. Specific topics covered include national social and historical contexts in relation to prostitution; legal frameworks - with discussion of existing laws and policies and debates around legislation and decriminalisation; key issues faced - particularly relating to reasons for entering prostitution and analysis of policies and interventions. The case studies are brought to life by giving voice to the experiences of women involved in prostitution themselves together with the personal reflections of the authors. Aimed at a wide audience of students, academics, policy makers and practitioners, this book makes an important contribution to academic and policy debates in the fields of criminology, law, social policy, women's studies, sociology, politics and international relations.Trade Review"An excellent resource for students." Dr Tina Skinner, Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath"This book will make a major contribution to the continuing debates on prostitution. It provides much useful information on law and policy from a feminist perspective and explores the major issues in an international context. This opens up possibilities of a less polarised debate, which will be of great benefit both to students and researchers and to those, most notably women, children and young people, whose lives are centrally affected." Ellen Malos, Senior Research Fellow, Violence Against Women Research Group, University of BristolTable of ContentsIntroduction: approaches to prostitution ~ Nicole Westmarland and Geetanjali Gangoli; From the personal to the political: shifting perspectives on street prostitution in England and Wales ~ Nicole Westmarland; Prostitution in France ~ Gill Allwood; Prostitution in Sweden: debates and policies 1980-2004 ~ Yvonne Svanstrom; The Republic of Moldova: prostitution and trafficking in women ~ Kristina Abiala; Prostitution in India: laws, debates and responses ~ Geetanjali Gangoli; Good women, bad women: prostitution in Pakistan ~ Fouzia Saeed; Selling bodies/ selling pleasure: the social organisation of sex work in Taiwan ~ Mei-Hua Chen; Prostitution in Thailand: perceptions and realities ~ Alyson Brody.

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Book SynopsisCommunity safety emerged as a new approach to tackling and preventing local crime and disorder in the late 1980s and was adopted into mainstream policy by New Labour in the late '90s. Twenty years on, it is important to ask how the community safety agenda has evolved and developed within local crime and disorder prevention strategies. This book provides the first sustained critical and theoretically informed analysis by leading authorities in the field. It explores the strengths and weaknesses of the community safety legacy, posing challenging questions, such as how and why has community safety policy making become such a contested terrain? What are the different issues at stake for 'provider' versus 'consumer' interests in community safety policy? Who are the winners and losers and where are the gaps in community safety policy making? Do new priorities mean that we have seen the rise and now the fall of community safety? The book provides answers to these questions by exploring a wide range of topics relating to community safety policy and practice, including: anti-social behaviour strategies; victims' perspectives on community safety; race, racism and policing; safety and social exclusion; domestic violence; substance misuse; community policing; and organised crime. "Community safety" is primarily aimed at academics and students working in the areas of criminology and local policy making. However, it will also be of interest to community safety and crime prevention practitioners who need to have a critical understanding of the development and likely future direction of community safety programmes. Trade Review"This is an extremely readable addition to the field of community safety because of its short, digestible chapters and applied use of theoretical concepts, which will make it appealing to students and practitioners alike. Layla Skinns, British Journal of Criminology.""Overall, very good." Irene Zempi, University of LeicesterTable of ContentsIntroduction: asking questions of community safety ~ Peter Squires; Section one: Community safety: an incomplete project?: 'You know you're being watched everywhere': young people, custodial experiences and community safety ~ Carlie Goldsmith; Community safety and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities ~ Derek McGhee; Community safety, the family and domestic violence ~ Paula Wilcox; Ethnic minorities and community safety ~ Marion FitzGerald and Chris Hale; Section two: Community safety: a contested project?: The local politics of community safety: local policy for local people? ~ Matt Follett; The police and community safety ~ Barry Loveday; Community safety and the private security sector ~ Mark Button; Outreach drug work and Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships: square pegs in round holes? ~ Adrian Barton; Section three: Community safety: a flawed project?: Community safety and corporate crime ~ Steve Tombs and Dave Whyte; Community safety and victims: who is the victim of community safety? ~ Sandra Walklate; Young women, community safety and informal cultures ~ Lynda Measor; Section four: Community safety: overrun by enforcement?: Community safety and social exclusion ~ Lynn Hancock; Community safety and young people: 21st-century homo sacer and the politics of injustice ~ Dawn Stephen; Contradictions and dilemmas: the rise and fall of community safety? ~ Peter Squires.

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Book SynopsisCommunities, identities and crime provides a critical exploration of the importance of social identities when considering crime, victimisation and criminal justice. Offering a refreshing perspective on equality and diversity developments that feature in the policies and practices of criminal justice agencies, the author critically examines: 'race' relations legislation, 'race' equality and criminal justice gender, crime and victimisation the increasing role that faith communities play in community justice hate crimes committed against individuals, motivated by prejudice community engagement and participation in criminal justice, community cohesion and civil renewal. The book incorporates a broader theoretical focus, exploring identity theory, late modernity, identity constructions, communities and belongingness. The author also raises important theoretical and methodological issues that a focus upon social identities poses for the subject discipline of criminology. Clearly written in an engaging style, with case studies and chapter questions used throughout, the book is essential reading for postgraduate students of criminology, criminal justice, social policy, sociology, victimology and law. Undergraduate students and criminal justice practitioners will also find the book informative and researchers will value its theoretical and policy focus.Trade Review"Very readable and accessible text that looks at central issues and themes from a critical perspective." Dr. Alan Grattan, University of WInchester"This lucidly written book places notions of community and identity at the centre of a critical analysis of contemporary criminology. It is a 'must read' for all those concerned with (re)developing a critical criminology and social policy." Professor Nick Ellison, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of LeedsTable of ContentsIntroduction; Social identites in late modernity: offender and victim identity constructions; Equality and diversity agendas in criminal justice; Researching identitles and communities: key epistemological, methodological and ethical dilemmas; Communities and criminal justice: engaging legitimised, project and resistance identities; Gender, crime, victimisation and criminal justice; 'Race', crime and criminal justice; Faith identities, crime and criminal justice; Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities, crime, victimisation and criminal justice; Ageing, disability, criminology and criminal justice; Conclusion: communities, identities and criminology.

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Book SynopsisCommunities, identities and crime provides a critical exploration of the importance of social identities when considering crime, victimisation and criminal justice. Offering a refreshing perspective on equality and diversity developments that feature in the policies and practices of criminal justice agencies, the author critically examines: 'race' relations legislation, 'race' equality and criminal justice gender, crime and victimisation the increasing role that faith communities play in community justice hate crimes committed against individuals, motivated by prejudice community engagement and participation in criminal justice, community cohesion and civil renewal. The book incorporates a broader theoretical focus, exploring identity theory, late modernity, identity constructions, communities and belongingness. The author also raises important theoretical and methodological issues that a focus upon social identities poses for the subject discipline of criminology. Clearly written in an engaging style, with case studies and chapter questions used throughout, the book is essential reading for postgraduate students of criminology, criminal justice, social policy, sociology, victimology and law. Undergraduate students and criminal justice practitioners will also find the book informative and researchers will value its theoretical and policy focus.Trade Review"Very readable and accessible text that looks at central issues and themes from a critical perspective." Dr. Alan Grattan, University of WInchester"This lucidly written book places notions of community and identity at the centre of a critical analysis of contemporary criminology. It is a 'must read' for all those concerned with (re)developing a critical criminology and social policy." Professor Nick Ellison, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of LeedsTable of ContentsIntroduction; Social identites in late modernity: offender and victim identity constructions; Equality and diversity agendas in criminal justice; Researching identitles and communities: key epistemological, methodological and ethical dilemmas; Communities and criminal justice: engaging legitimised, project and resistance identities; Gender, crime, victimisation and criminal justice; 'Race', crime and criminal justice; Faith identities, crime and criminal justice; Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities, crime, victimisation and criminal justice; Ageing, disability, criminology and criminal justice; Conclusion: communities, identities and criminology.

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Book SynopsisThe Government has embarked on a programme of radical reform for the probation and prison services with the setting up of a National Offender Management Service (NOMS). The aim is to make the two services work more effectively together, and to promote private sector involvement in 'corrections' work. This groundbreaking volume takes a critical look at the different aspects of the NOMS proposals, at a time when the Government is still working out the detail of its reforms. No other academic publication has scrutinised the NOMS proposals so closely. Through six contributions from leading experts on probation and criminal justice the report identifies the risks attached to NOMS; assesses the prospects of success; provides ideas for reshaping government plans and presents an authoritative critique of a set proposals that could go badly wrong. The report will be crucial reading for politicians, civil servants and criminal justice managers. Senior probation and prison staff will find it of particular value.Trade Review" ... this book deserves to be read by anyone interested in the interactions of politics, public sector management theory and the penal system; there are glimmers of hope, but in the main it shows why NOMS has been nicknamed, after the London base of the Home Office, as 'Nightmare on Marhsma Street.'" Martin Wright"For students and academics who really want to understand the issues, ideology and implications underpinning NOMS, this book is a carefully constructed contribution from those best placed to comment: heavyweight academics and practitioners with years of correctional experience." Prison Service Journal"The Authors provide an intelligent discussion of a move towards a national offender management system in Great Britain.... a necessary resource for anyone interested in national offender management systems ... a valuable addition to the library....." International Criminal Justice ReviewTable of ContentsIntroduction; NOMS and its relationship to crime reduction, public confidence and the new sentencing context ~ John W Raine; End-to-end or end in tears?: Prospects for the effectiveness of the National Offender Management Model ~ Peter Raynor and Mike Maguire; Keeping the lid on the prison population: will it work? ~ Carol Hedderman; NOMS, contestability and the process of technocorrectional innovation ~ Mike Nellis; Lessons from prison privatisation for probation ~ Alison Liebling; A modern service, fit for purpose? ~ David Faulkner; Endnote ~ Rob Allen and Mike Hough.

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Book SynopsisShort-term prisoners have exceptionally high reconviction rates, fuelled by major social problems. Growing recognition of this, and of deficiencies in prison-probation coordination, has accelerated 'resettlement' of ex-prisoners up the penal agenda. The 'Resettlement Pathfinders' tested several new partnership-based approaches. This report evaluates three probation-led projects which combined practical assistance with interventions to improve motivation and capacity to change. Their key feature was the delivery of a cognitive-motivational programme ('FOR - A Change') specially designed for short-termers. The study found this produced significant changes in attitude, as well as greater 'continuity' (voluntary post-release contact between offenders and project staff) than previous approaches. It also found evidence of association between continuity and reduced reconviction. Overall, the findings support resettlement strategies based on fostering and nurturing offenders' motivation to change, facilitating access to services, and 'through the gate' contact with staff or volunteers with whom a relationship has already been built. The research offers findings and insights of practical value to probation and prison officers, as well as staff of other agencies that work with prisoners and ex-prisoners. The report should also be read by penal policy-makers, criminology/criminal justice academics and students, and those engaged in staff training.Trade Review"There is much to learn from this detailed but readable research study about what works with short-term prisoners." InvolveTable of ContentsIntroduction: prisoner resettlement and the Pathfinders; The 'FOR - A Change' programme and its delivery; Pre-release interventions: staff and offender perspectives; Post-release contact and services; Impact and outcome measures; Organisational and implementation issues; Conclusions.

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Book SynopsisThe impression often conveyed by the media about hate crime offenders is that they are hate-fuelled individuals who, in acting out their extremely bigoted views, target their victims in premeditated violent attacks. Scholarly research on the perpetrators of hate crime has begun to provide a more nuanced picture. But the preoccupation of researchers with convicted offenders neglects the vast majority of hate crime offenders that do not come into contact with the criminal justice system. This book, from a leading author in the field, widens understanding of hate crime by demonstrating that many offenders are ordinary people who offend in the context of their everyday lives. Written in a lively and accessible style, the book takes a victim-centred approach to explore and analyse hate crime as a social problem, providing an empirically informed and scholarly perspective. Aimed at academics and students of criminology, sociology and socio-legal studies, the book draws out the connections between the individual agency of offenders and the background structural context for their actions. It adds a new dimension to the debate about criminalising hate in light of concerns about the rise of punitive and expressive justice, scrutinizing the balance struck by hate crime laws between the rights of offenders and the rights of victims.Trade Review"This work adds significantly to the understanding of how organisations can counter race hatred more effectively within our society and provides an essential tool for practitioners in this field." Peter Herbert, Metropolitan Police Authority member, Chair of the Society of Black Lawyers"In 'Hate Crime and the City' Paul Iganski substantially increases our understanding of the dynamics of hate crimes. He provides a new level of conceptual clarity around the definition of the behaviors we have labeled as hate crimes. Dr Iganski's victim-centered approach offers a compelling and frightening explanation of the extent hate crimes may be normal acts by ordinary people. The observation that hate crimes may be more a result of everyday routines than actions by the most bigoted members of our society is important and chilling. Dr Iganski provides a number of thoughtful prevention recommendations involving the need for a multi-agency approach and the need for careful and thoughtful reactions to hate speech. This book is destined to become a classic in the area of hate crime research." Jack McDevitt, Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies, Director Institute on Race and Justice, Northeastern University, Boston"..a valuable insight for anyone wishing to focus on prevention work. ...Iganski's book advances the prevention agenda." Runnymede Trust Bulletin, Sep 2008"Hate Crime in the City is a great expose and critique of many issues that have been begging for a public airing in some time." Gail Mason, University of Sydney Law School"Paul Iganski offers a unique analysis that is both theoretically and methodologically grounded. 'Hate crime and the city' will be a standard on the book shelves of those of us seeking to understand and respond to bias motivated violence in the UK and elsewhere." Professor Barbara Perry, Faculty of Criminology, Justice and Policy Studies, University of Ontario Institute of TechnologyTable of ContentsA victim-centred approach to conceptualising 'hate crime'; The normality of everyday 'hate crime'; The spatial dynamics of everyday 'hate crime'; Tensions in liberalism and the criminalisation of 'hate'; Including victims of 'hate crime' in the criminal justice policy process; Conclusions: understanding everyday 'hate crime'.

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Book SynopsisThe impression often conveyed by the media about hate crime offenders is that they are hate-fuelled individuals who, in acting out their extremely bigoted views, target their victims in premeditated violent attacks. Scholarly research on the perpetrators of hate crime has begun to provide a more nuanced picture. But the preoccupation of researchers with convicted offenders neglects the vast majority of hate crime offenders that do not come into contact with the criminal justice system. This book, from a leading author in the field, widens understanding of hate crime by demonstrating that many offenders are ordinary people who offend in the context of their everyday lives. Written in a lively and accessible style, the book takes a victim-centred approach to explore and analyse hate crime as a social problem, providing an empirically informed and scholarly perspective. Aimed at academics and students of criminology, sociology and socio-legal studies, the book draws out the connections between the individual agency of offenders and the background structural context for their actions. It adds a new dimension to the debate about criminalising hate in light of concerns about the rise of punitive and expressive justice, scrutinizing the balance struck by hate crime laws between the rights of offenders and the rights of victims.Trade Review"This work adds significantly to the understanding of how organisations can counter race hatred more effectively within our society and provides an essential tool for practitioners in this field." Peter Herbert, Metropolitan Police Authority member, Chair of the Society of Black Lawyers"In 'Hate Crime and the City' Paul Iganski substantially increases our understanding of the dynamics of hate crimes. He provides a new level of conceptual clarity around the definition of the behaviors we have labeled as hate crimes. Dr Iganski's victim-centered approach offers a compelling and frightening explanation of the extent hate crimes may be normal acts by ordinary people. The observation that hate crimes may be more a result of everyday routines than actions by the most bigoted members of our society is important and chilling. Dr Iganski provides a number of thoughtful prevention recommendations involving the need for a multi-agency approach and the need for careful and thoughtful reactions to hate speech. This book is destined to become a classic in the area of hate crime research." Jack McDevitt, Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies, Director Institute on Race and Justice, Northeastern University, Boston"..a valuable insight for anyone wishing to focus on prevention work. ...Iganski's book advances the prevention agenda." Runnymede Trust Bulletin, Sep 2008"Paul Iganski offers a unique analysis that is both theoretically and methodologically grounded. 'Hate crime and the city' will be a standard on the book shelves of those of us seeking to understand and respond to bias motivated violence in the UK and elsewhere." Professor Barbara Perry, Faculty of Criminology, Justice and Policy Studies, University of Ontario Institute of Technology"Hate Crime in the City is a great expose and critique of many issues that have been begging for a public airing in some time." Gail Mason, University of Sydney Law SchoolTable of ContentsA victim-centred approach to conceptualising 'hate crime'; The normality of everyday 'hate crime'; The spatial dynamics of everyday 'hate crime'; Tensions in liberalism and the criminalisation of 'hate'; Including victims of 'hate crime' in the criminal justice policy process; Conclusions: understanding everyday 'hate crime'.

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Book SynopsisA small minority of children and adolescents can be dangerous, violent and murderous. Gwyneth Boswell researched this field throughout the 1990s. Having identified an urgent need for an assembly of evidence about aetiology and treatment of these young people, she has brought together a formidable body of academic and professional experts, specifically to address the question ?Why??.Table of ContentsAcknowledgements ix List of Contributors xi Prologue xvGwyneth Boswell Chapter 1 Children who kill: trends, reasons, and procedures 1Paul Cavadino and Rob Allen Chapter 2 Adolescent violence: findings and implications from the Cambridge study 19David P. Farrington Chapter 3 Understanding and treating adolescent firesetters 36Kevin Epps and Clive R. Hollin Chapter 4 The antecendents of young male sex offenders 56Victoria Harris and Carl Staunton Chapter 5 The link between childhood trauma and later violent offending: a case study 71Paul Renn Chapter 6 Self-directed violence in adolescence: a psychotherapeutic perspective 91Cairns Clery Chapter 7 Violent adolescent females offenders 104Susan Bailey Chapter 8 Violent young people detained in a maximum security psychiatric hospital 121Deborah Richards and Andrew Smith Chapter 9 Aggressive and bullying behavior in children and adolescents 138Helen Cowie Chapter 10 The influence of film and video on young people and violence 151Kevin Browne and Amanda Pennell Chapter 11 Comparing studies of youth and violence: towards an integrated approach 169Stephen Parvez Rashid Chapter 12 Bulgar and beyond: asking the question ‘why’? 183David James Smith Epilogue 196Gwyneth Boswell References and citation index 199 Subject Index 227

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Book SynopsisMurder is the most malevolent of acts by humans. Not only does the slaying of a man, woman or child destroy a life, but it ravages the lives of all those associated with the person who has been killed, and foments the collective angst of the community. But the mad who kill are placed in a different socio-legal category to that of ?normal' murderers. Those regarded as insane, either at the time of their improbity or after the event, are propelled into a distinct and discreditable stratum of deviancy. They are 'unreasonably' dangerous. These miscreants are construed as 'double-trouble' - mad and bad! Is there justifiable (if exaggerated) anxiety about dangerous mentally disordered people being 'loose' in the community? Is there a genuine need to protect both society at large and the mad? Does public concern about the homicidal tendencies of the mentally disordered warrant emphatic social intervention to protect both potential victims and perpetrators? What are the merits and consequences of post-liberal mental health policies and laws, introduced at the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century in response to a declared failure of previous approaches to the care of mentally disordered people and the protection of the public? How have the psychiatric disciplines of medicine and nursing contributed to a period of unprecedented public alarm in the 1990s about the mentally disordered?Table of ContentsCrime and Insanity. Disordered Offenders. Killing People. Faulty Individuals. Faulty Societies. Get Real. The Terror. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisHuman psychological and physical well-being is damaged and destroyed when people are deliberately killed by other people. There are millions of primary and secondary victims of murder throughout the world, and human society as a whole is a tertiary victim of murder. Despite this, people are often fascinated and engrossed by stories of homicide and killers. This book provides a fascinating exploration of murder, providing an insight into what leads people to kill and what effect this has on society as a whole. This book is organized into five chapters that each answer a specific question on murder: What is Murder? Who Commits Murder? Why Commit Murder? Why is Murder Devastating? Why is Murder Fascinating? Trade Review"Peter Morrall draws on a wide range of cross-cultural and historical material to support his points." (Therapy Today, July 2007)Table of ContentsAcknowledgements. Introduction. Chapter 1: What is murder? Chapter 2: Who commits murder? Chapter 3: Why commit murder? Chapter 4: Why is murder devastating? Chapter 5: Why is murder fascinating? Conclusion. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the relationship between creative innovation, deviance and morbidity. To innovate, one has to be able to view the medium and the object of creativity in a different, hitherto unexplored manner. The essence of art is creative innovation, coupled with an ability, in varying degrees, to transcend the boundaries of consciousness. But this 'ability' is also the prerogative of the mentally deranged. Likewise, the criminal and the deviant are more likely to transcend normative barriers while creating, hence the wide range of criminal and deviant behaviour in society. Although the inverse hypothesis does not hold -- the mere existence of deviance or morbidity does not predispose the individual to creativity -- nevertheless criminal and mad behaviour are often very innovative. This thesis is illustrated by historical case histories of creative deviance and genius madness, and contemporary observations. The painter Michelangelo Merisi Caravaggio killed a man while still a teenager, and a second victim during a ball game. In his lifetime he was considered degenerate, but today he is considered the greatest painter of the Italian Settecento, and his portrait adorns the Hundred-Thousand Lira note. Jean Genet the homosexual thief was born out of wedlock and as a teenager he transgressed almost all the paragraphs of the French criminal code. But he became a famous French playwright, the mouthpiece for criminals and deviants. His plays built up a philosophical apology for the raison d'etre of the criminal group.Trade Review"Rich in detail and psychocultural analysis this book will take its place beside Freud's Moses and other classics of art interpretation..." -- Graeme R Newman, Professor, School of Criminal Justice."Broad intellectual range, curiosity, deep and profound knowledge and authenticity. The whole spirit of Shlomo Shoham's reasoning is both refreshing and challenging..." -- Dr Manfred Wimmer, Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword by Roger Hood; Preface; Acknowledgements; Introduction: Mytho-Empiricisim; The Personality and its Disruption; Hubris, Suppression and Stigma; Don Carlo Gesualdo -- A Murdered Love; Caravaggio -- The Violent Enlightenment; Jean Genet -- A Criminal Manifesto; The Creative Villains; Genius and Madness; St. Vincent -- Absolute Authenticity; Antonin Artaud -- Outside of Time; Notes; Giora Shoham's Published Works and His Theory of Personality; Index.

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Book SynopsisThe legal system is complex, and without appropriate access, many injustices can occur. Deaf people in the criminal justice system are routinely denied sign language interpreters, videophone access, and other accommodations at each stage of the legal process. The marginalization of deaf people in the criminal justice system is further exacerbated by the lack of advocates who are qualified to work with this population. Deaf People in the Criminal Justice System: Selected Topics on Advocacy, Incarceration, and Social Justice is the first book to illuminate the challenges faced by deaf people when they are arrested, incarcerated, or navigating the court system. This volume brings interdisciplinary contributors together to shed light on both the problems and solutions for deaf people in these circumstances. The contributors address issues such as accessibility needs; gaps regarding data collection and the need for more research; additional training for attorneys, court personnel, and prison staff; the need for more qualified sign language interpreters, including Certified Deaf Interpreters who provide services in court, prison, and juvenile facilities; substance use disorders; the school to prison nexus; and the need for advocacy. Students in training programs, researchers, attorneys, mental health professionals, sign language interpreters, family members, and advocates will be empowered by this much-needed resource to improve the experiences and outcomes for deaf people in the criminal justice system. This book has been made possible in part by the National Endowment for the Humanities: Exploring the human endeavor. Any views, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this book do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.Trade Review"This book appeals to various professionals in the Deaf community, and it could significantly enhance the work of students, educators, researchers, advocates, mental health practitioners, interpreters, and the like. Readers less familiar and integrated with the Deaf community stand to gain an incredible amount of information ranging from Deaf 101 myth-busting to deep examinations of Deaf persons’ stories of inaccessibility and injustice. For professionals working in any area of the criminal justice system, this is a must-read." -- Meghan L. Fox * JADARA *"By drawing in so many interdisciplinary views, this book serves as a kaleidoscope of often underrepresented/unheard perspectives based on the experiences and challenges experienced by signing deaf populations. As a result, it is currently the most comprehensive book out there when it comes to considering multiple experiences and challenges in achieving criminal justice reform from the perspectives of signing and deaf populations." -- Tawny Holmes Hlibok * Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education *

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Book SynopsisFrank Tannenbaum Outstanding Book Award from the American Society of Criminology​Faculty Senate Award for Research from Loyola University New Orleans​Out of the Red is one man’s pathbreaking story of how social forces and personal choices combined to deliver an unfortunate fate. After a childhood of poverty, institutional discrimination, violence, and being thrown away by the public education system, Bolden's life took him through the treacherous landscape of street gangs at the age of fourteen. The Bloods offered a sense of family, protection, excitement, and power. Incarcerated during the Texas prison boom, the teenage former gangster was thrust into a fight for survival as he navigated the perils of adult prison. As mass incarceration and prison gangs swallowed up youth like him, survival meant finding hope in a hopeless situation and carving a path to his own rehabilitation. Despite all odds, he forged a new path through education, ultimately achieving the seemingly impossible for a formerly incarcerated ex-gangbanger. Trade Review“Bolden provides a sobering account of gang life through a personal narrative that captures the realities of violence, victimization, adolescent frustrations, and systemic dysfunction in social institutions. He displays an enormous amount of courage by writing clearly about both his participation in violence and his firsthand experiences being either a victim of or witness to brutal crimes. He provides a thorough account of gang life in San Antonio and beyond.” -- Timothy Lauger * author of Real Gangstas: Legitimacy, Reputation, and Violence in the Intergang Environment *"Compelling and powerful, Out of the Red joins a small but important body of autoethnographic works on crime, victimization, and injustice. Seamlessly blending his life story and lived experience with scholarship on gangs, delinquency, and justice, Bolden offers a moving and rigorous assessment of the causes and consequences of social and legal inequalities in America." -- Jody Miller * Distinguished Professor, Rutgers School of Criminal Justice *"Tommy Tucker, First News," WWL Radio interview with Christian Bolden https://www.radio.com/wwl/blogs/tommy-tucker-wwl-first-news/tommy-why-do-some-break-bad * "Tommy Tucker, First News," WWL Radio *"Mr. Holland’s masterpiece: Resurrecting a life" https://clarionherald.org/news/mr-hollands-masterpiece-resurrecting-a-life * Clarion Herald *"The Reading Life: Tom Cooper, Christian Bolden" https://www.wwno.org/post/reading-life-tom-cooper-christian-bolden * The Reading Life, WWNO *"From Gang Member to PhD: Defying the Odds," by Isidoro Rodriguez https://thecrimereport.org/2020/11/04/from-gang-member-to-phd-defying-the-odds/ * The Crime Report *Table of ContentsContents List of Images List of Tables List of Figures Prologue Introduction Part I - Gangs Poverty Adultism Neighborhoods Bangin’ in San Antone Escalation Purgatory Part II - Prison Texas Hold ‘em Fellowship Between the Lines Transitions Wally World Starting from the Bottom Letters Part III - Redemption Outcast Freedom Pinnacles Acknowledgements Appendix - San Antonio Gang Member Interviews Index

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Book Synopsis2020 Choice Outstanding Academic Title Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes analyzes the looming threats posed by climate change from a criminological perspective. It advances the field of green criminology through a examination of the criminal nature of catastrophic environmental harms resulting from the release of greenhouse gases. The book describes and explains what corporations in the fossil fuel industry, the U.S. government, and the international political community did, or failed to do, in relation to global warming. Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes integrates research and theory from a wide variety of disciplines, to analyze four specific state-corporate climate crimes: continued extraction of fossil fuels and rising carbon emissions; political omission (failure) related to the mitigation of these emissions; socially organized climate change denial; and climate crimes of empire, which include militaristic forms of adaptation to climate disruption. The final chapter reviews policies that could mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, adapt to a warming world, and achieve climate justice.Trade Review"At the heart of Ron’s argument is the observation that climate disruption does not happen by chance, accident or simply because of human activities in general. Rather, it is corporate-state collusion that is mostly to blame for perpetuating global warming and for delaying action to prevent or forestall further climate change."— from the foreword by Rob White, author of Green Crimes and Dirty Money "Kramer has written a tightly constructed and compelling narrative, providing a historical overview of global warming and climate change, of environmental science, of the development of Green Criminology, of the problems of fossil fuel extraction and rising emissions, of the case for four specific types of crime/criminality, and of environmental movements for social justice."— Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books "Community Conversations," WWMT-TV interview with Ron Kramer https://wwmt.com/news/local/community-conversations-professor-studies-the— "Community Conversations," WWMT-TV "This is a book of the very first importance, one that historians (assuming there are some) will refer back to in a century as they struggle to understand the worst thing that ever happened on earth. It's well-proved thesis rests in the title: climate change was not an accident, and not something caused by 'everyone.' It was the work of a handful of greedy men, who were entirely conscious of their crime even as they committed it."— Bill McKibben, author of Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out? "Carbon Criminals is a fantastic and immensely compelling and readable-yet-thorough account of the ongoing climate crisis from a criminological perspective. And we should make no mistake about it: climate change is not going anywhere. While the covid-19 pandemic might have, for now, eclipsed Australia’s Black Summer, the sure money is on climate change taking back the headlines sooner or later. Green and other critical criminologies will continue apace in a world that is irreparably harmed and wholly configured by climate change, and books like Carbon Criminals will tell us why, how, and by whom."— Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime "Art Beat," WMUK interview with Ron Kramer https://www.wmuk.org/post/art-beat-carbon-criminals-climate-crimes#stream/0— "Art Beat," WMUK “An important contribution to the literature and to the fight for climate justice more generally. Its relevance can hardly be overstated….[This] book encourages us to bring climate change to the centre of criminological curriculum. Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes will be on my students’ reading list this year.”— State Crime Review "Kramer's book should motivate widespread actions against climate crimes, both through social movement and the criminal justice system. Multiple strategies are needed to win the war for our families’ health and welfare."— World Medical & Health Policy "With a laudatory foreword by leading green criminologist and climate change expert Rob White of the University of Tasmania, this is all in all a must read. Essential."— ChoiceTable of ContentsContents List of Tables Foreword Preface List of Abbreviations 1. “This Was a Crime:” Climate Change as a Criminological Concern 2. “Beyond Catastrophic:” The Climate Crisis, Carbon Criminals, and Fossil Capitalism 3. “When Did They Know”? Climate Crimes of Continued Extraction and Rising Emissions 4. “The Politics of Predatory Delay:” Climate Crimes of Political Omission and Socially Organized Denial 5. “Slowing the Rise of the Oceans”? Obama’s Mixed Legacy and Trump’s Climate Crimes 6. “Blood for Oil,” Pentagon Emissions, and the “Politics of the Armed Lifeboat:” Climate Crimes of Empire 7. The “Climate Swerve:” Hope, Resistance, and Climate Justice References Index

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Book Synopsis2020 Choice​ Outstanding Academic TitleCarbon Criminals, Climate Crimes analyzes the looming threats posed by climate change from a criminological perspective. It advances the field of green criminology through a examination of the criminal nature of catastrophic environmental harms resulting from the release of greenhouse gases. The book describes and explains what corporations in the fossil fuel industry, the U.S. government, and the international political community did, or failed to do, in relation to global warming. Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes integrates research and theory from a wide variety of disciplines, to analyze four specific state-corporate climate crimes: continued extraction of fossil fuels and rising carbon emissions; political omission (failure) related to the mitigation of these emissions; socially organized climate change denial; and climate crimes of empire, which include militaristic forms of adaptation to climate disruption. The final chapter reviews policies that could mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, adapt to a warming world, and achieve climate justice.Trade Review"At the heart of Ron’s argument is the observation that climate disruption does not happen by chance, accident or simply because of human activities in general. Rather, it is corporate-state collusion that is mostly to blame for perpetuating global warming and for delaying action to prevent or forestall further climate change." -- from the foreword by Rob White * author of Green Crimes and Dirty Money *"This is a book of the very first importance, one that historians (assuming there are some) will refer back to in a century as they struggle to understand the worst thing that ever happened on earth. It's well-proved thesis rests in the title: climate change was not an accident, and not something caused by 'everyone.' It was the work of a handful of greedy men, who were entirely conscious of their crime even as they committed it." -- Bill McKibben * author of Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out? *"Art Beat," WMUK interview with Ron Kramer https://www.wmuk.org/post/art-beat-carbon-criminals-climate-crimes#stream/0 * "Art Beat," WMUK *"With a laudatory foreword by leading green criminologist and climate change expert Rob White of the University of Tasmania, this is all in all a must read. Essential." * Choice *"Community Conversations," WWMT-TV interview with Ron Kramer https://wwmt.com/news/local/community-conversations-professor-studies-the * "Community Conversations," WWMT-TV *"Kramer has written a tightly constructed and compelling narrative, providing a historical overview of global warming and climate change, of environmental science, of the development of Green Criminology, of the problems of fossil fuel extraction and rising emissions, of the case for four specific types of crime/criminality, and of environmental movements for social justice." * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *"Carbon Criminals is a fantastic and immensely compelling and readable-yet-thorough account of the ongoing climate crisis from a criminological perspective. And we should make no mistake about it: climate change is not going anywhere. While the covid-19 pandemic might have, for now, eclipsed Australia’s Black Summer, the sure money is on climate change taking back the headlines sooner or later. Green and other critical criminologies will continue apace in a world that is irreparably harmed and wholly configured by climate change, and books like Carbon Criminals will tell us why, how, and by whom." * Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime *"Kramer's book should motivate widespread actions against climate crimes, both through social movement and the criminal justice system. Multiple strategies are needed to win the war for our families’ health and welfare." * World Medical & Health Policy *“An important contribution to the literature and to the fight for climate justice more generally. Its relevance can hardly be overstated….[This] book encourages us to bring climate change to the centre of criminological curriculum. Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes will be on my students’ reading list this year.” * State Crime Review *Table of ContentsContents List of Tables Foreword Preface List of Abbreviations 1. “This Was a Crime:” Climate Change as a Criminological Concern 2. “Beyond Catastrophic:” The Climate Crisis, Carbon Criminals, and Fossil Capitalism 3. “When Did They Know”? Climate Crimes of Continued Extraction and Rising Emissions 4. “The Politics of Predatory Delay:” Climate Crimes of Political Omission and Socially Organized Denial 5. “Slowing the Rise of the Oceans”? Obama’s Mixed Legacy and Trump’s Climate Crimes 6. “Blood for Oil,” Pentagon Emissions, and the “Politics of the Armed Lifeboat:” Climate Crimes of Empire 7. The “Climate Swerve:” Hope, Resistance, and Climate Justice References Index

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Book SynopsisOver the past five decades, prominent criminologist Gregg Barak has worked as an author, editor, and book review editor; his large body of work has been grounded in traditional academic prose. His new book, Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist, while remaining scholarly in its intent, departs from the typical academic format. The book is a a first-person account that examines the linkages between one scholar's experiences as a criminologist from the late 1960s to the present and the emergence and evolution of radical criminology as a challenge to developments in mainstream criminology. Barak draws upon his own experiences over this half-century as a window into the various debates and issues among radical, critical, and technocratic criminologies. In doing so, he revisits his own seminal works, showing how they reflect those periods of criminological development. What holds this book together is the story of how resisting the crimes of the powerful while struggling locally for social justice is the essence of critical criminology. His seven chapters are divided into three parts—academic freedom, academic activism, and academic praxis—and these connected stories link the author's own academic career in Berkeley, California; Las Vegas, Nevada; Chicago; Alabama; Ann Arbor, Michigan; and across the United States. Barak's eventful scholarly life involved efforts to overcome laws against abortion and homosexuality; to formalize protective practices for women from domestic violence and sexual assault; to oppose racism and classism in the criminal justice system; to challenge the wars on gangs, drugs, and immigrants; and to confront the policies of mass incarceration and the treatment of juvenile offenders. Trade Review“Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist is part-memoir, part-intellectual history and part-theoretical integration, synthesis and analysis; it is also a call to action, as well as a blueprint for praxis-oriented teaching and scholarship. Gregg Barak accomplishes all of this in a book written so lucidly that it could be read at the beach—which I did!” -- Avi Brisman * Editor in Chief of Critical Criminology *“In this candid and thought-provoking account, Barak takes the reader on a captivating journey that begins with his critical roots in the renowned Berkeley School of Criminology. By detailing his many travels, tribulations, and triumphs as a respected scholar, university administrator, community activist, political candidate, and frequent newsmaker, Barak’s rich narrative conveys an enduring message: challenging the power elite, combatting inequality, and promoting social justice are all battles worth fighting.” -- Kristy Holdfreter * Editor-in-Chief, Feminist Criminology *“Gregg Barak has brought autoethnography from the social sciences and humanities to the field of criminology with this fascinating odyssey of his lifelong commitment to social justice. From the United States to Europe and South America, he co-mingles the personal and the political by relating his own experiences to outside struggles from the 60s to the present, exemplifying the trials and tribulations of academia along the way. A must-read for historians of criminology itself.” -- Lynn Chancer * Sociology Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York *"Eastern Michigan University professor Gregg Barak sketches personal journey in his latest book while sending a powerful message about the need to challenge the power elite and continue promoting social justice" by Geoff Larcom * EMU Today *"For anyone interested in the history of criminology and criminal justice, a career in criminology, praxis-orientated scholarship and/or teaching, I would recommend this as a must-read, and hope they get as much enjoyment out of reading it as I did." * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *“Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist is part-memoir, part-intellectual history and part-theoretical integration, synthesis and analysis; it is also a call to action, as well as a blueprint for praxis-oriented teaching and scholarship. Gregg Barak accomplishes all of this in a book written so lucidly that it could be read at the beach—which I did!” -- Avi Brisman * Editor in Chief of Critical Criminology *“In this candid and thought-provoking account, Barak takes the reader on a captivating journey that begins with his critical roots in the renowned Berkeley School of Criminology. By detailing his many travels, tribulations, and triumphs as a respected scholar, university administrator, community activist, political candidate, and frequent newsmaker, Barak’s rich narrative conveys an enduring message: challenging the power elite, combatting inequality, and promoting social justice are all battles worth fighting.” -- Kristy Holdfreter * Editor-in-Chief, Feminist Criminology *“Gregg Barak has brought autoethnography from the social sciences and humanities to the field of criminology with this fascinating odyssey of his lifelong commitment to social justice. From the United States to Europe and South America, he co-mingles the personal and the political by relating his own experiences to outside struggles from the 60s to the present, exemplifying the trials and tribulations of academia along the way. A must-read for historians of criminology itself.” -- Lynn Chancer * Sociology Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York *"Eastern Michigan University professor Gregg Barak sketches personal journey in his latest book while sending a powerful message about the need to challenge the power elite and continue promoting social justice" by Geoff Larcom * EMU Today *"For anyone interested in the history of criminology and criminal justice, a career in criminology, praxis-orientated scholarship and/or teaching, I would recommend this as a must-read, and hope they get as much enjoyment out of reading it as I did." * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I. Academic Freedom 1. Coming of Age at the Berkeley School of Criminology 2. Life as a Young Criminologist Part II. Academic Activism 3. Doing Public Criminology 4. Doing Newsmaking Criminology 5. Doing Multidisciplinary Criminology Part III. Academic Praxis 6. Integrating Criminology 7. Globalizing Criminology Bibliography Index Acknowledgments

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Book SynopsisOver the past five decades, prominent criminologist Gregg Barak has worked as an author, editor, and book review editor; his large body of work has been grounded in traditional academic prose. His new book, Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist, while remaining scholarly in its intent, departs from the typical academic format. The book is a a first-person account that examines the linkages between one scholar's experiences as a criminologist from the late 1960s to the present and the emergence and evolution of radical criminology as a challenge to developments in mainstream criminology. Barak draws upon his own experiences over this half-century as a window into the various debates and issues among radical, critical, and technocratic criminologies. In doing so, he revisits his own seminal works, showing how they reflect those periods of criminological development. What holds this book together is the story of how resisting the crimes of the powerful while struggling locally for social justice is the essence of critical criminology. His seven chapters are divided into three parts—academic freedom, academic activism, and academic praxis—and these connected stories link the author's own academic career in Berkeley, California; Las Vegas, Nevada; Chicago; Alabama; Ann Arbor, Michigan; and across the United States. Barak's eventful scholarly life involved efforts to overcome laws against abortion and homosexuality; to formalize protective practices for women from domestic violence and sexual assault; to oppose racism and classism in the criminal justice system; to challenge the wars on gangs, drugs, and immigrants; and to confront the policies of mass incarceration and the treatment of juvenile offenders. Trade Review“Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist is part-memoir, part-intellectual history and part-theoretical integration, synthesis and analysis; it is also a call to action, as well as a blueprint for praxis-oriented teaching and scholarship. Gregg Barak accomplishes all of this in a book written so lucidly that it could be read at the beach—which I did!” -- Avi Brisman * Editor in Chief of Critical Criminology *“In this candid and thought-provoking account, Barak takes the reader on a captivating journey that begins with his critical roots in the renowned Berkeley School of Criminology. By detailing his many travels, tribulations, and triumphs as a respected scholar, university administrator, community activist, political candidate, and frequent newsmaker, Barak’s rich narrative conveys an enduring message: challenging the power elite, combatting inequality, and promoting social justice are all battles worth fighting.” -- Kristy Holdfreter * Editor-in-Chief, Feminist Criminology *“Gregg Barak has brought autoethnography from the social sciences and humanities to the field of criminology with this fascinating odyssey of his lifelong commitment to social justice. From the United States to Europe and South America, he co-mingles the personal and the political by relating his own experiences to outside struggles from the 60s to the present, exemplifying the trials and tribulations of academia along the way. A must-read for historians of criminology itself.” -- Lynn Chancer * Sociology Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York *"Eastern Michigan University professor Gregg Barak sketches personal journey in his latest book while sending a powerful message about the need to challenge the power elite and continue promoting social justice" by Geoff Larcom * EMU Today *"For anyone interested in the history of criminology and criminal justice, a career in criminology, praxis-orientated scholarship and/or teaching, I would recommend this as a must-read, and hope they get as much enjoyment out of reading it as I did." * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *“Chronicles of a Radical Criminologist is part-memoir, part-intellectual history and part-theoretical integration, synthesis and analysis; it is also a call to action, as well as a blueprint for praxis-oriented teaching and scholarship. Gregg Barak accomplishes all of this in a book written so lucidly that it could be read at the beach—which I did!” -- Avi Brisman * Editor in Chief of Critical Criminology *“In this candid and thought-provoking account, Barak takes the reader on a captivating journey that begins with his critical roots in the renowned Berkeley School of Criminology. By detailing his many travels, tribulations, and triumphs as a respected scholar, university administrator, community activist, political candidate, and frequent newsmaker, Barak’s rich narrative conveys an enduring message: challenging the power elite, combatting inequality, and promoting social justice are all battles worth fighting.” -- Kristy Holdfreter * Editor-in-Chief, Feminist Criminology *“Gregg Barak has brought autoethnography from the social sciences and humanities to the field of criminology with this fascinating odyssey of his lifelong commitment to social justice. From the United States to Europe and South America, he co-mingles the personal and the political by relating his own experiences to outside struggles from the 60s to the present, exemplifying the trials and tribulations of academia along the way. A must-read for historians of criminology itself.” -- Lynn Chancer * Sociology Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York *"Eastern Michigan University professor Gregg Barak sketches personal journey in his latest book while sending a powerful message about the need to challenge the power elite and continue promoting social justice" by Geoff Larcom * EMU Today *"For anyone interested in the history of criminology and criminal justice, a career in criminology, praxis-orientated scholarship and/or teaching, I would recommend this as a must-read, and hope they get as much enjoyment out of reading it as I did." * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part I. Academic Freedom 1. Coming of Age at the Berkeley School of Criminology 2. Life as a Young Criminologist Part II. Academic Activism 3. Doing Public Criminology 4. Doing Newsmaking Criminology 5. Doing Multidisciplinary Criminology Part III. Academic Praxis 6. Integrating Criminology 7. Globalizing Criminology Bibliography Index Acknowledgments

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Book SynopsisThis book is about the convergence of trends in two American institutions – the economy and the criminal justice system. The American economy has radically transformed in the past half-century, led by advances in automation technology that have permanently altered labor market dynamics. Over the same period, the U.S. criminal justice system experienced an unprecedented expansion at great cost. These costs include not only the $80 billion annually in direct expenditures on criminal justice, but also the devastating impacts experienced by justice-involved individuals, families, and communities. Recently, a widespread consensus has emerged that the era of “mass incarceration” is at an end, reflected in a declining prison population. Criminal justice reforms such as diversion and problem-solving courts, a renewed focus on reentry, and drug policy reform have as their goal keeping more individuals with justice system involvement out of prisons, in the community and subsequently in the labor force, which lacks the capacity to accommodate these additional would-be workers. This poses significant problems for criminal justice practice, which relies heavily on employment as a signal of offenders’ intentions to live a law-abiding lifestyle. The diminished capacity of the economy to utilize the labor of all who have historically been expected to work presents significant challenges for American society. Work, in the American ethos is the marker of success, masculinity and how one “contributes to society.” What are the consequences of ignoring these converging structural trends? This book examines these potential consequences, the meaning of work in American society, and suggests alternative redistributive and policy solutions to avert the collision course of these economic and criminal justice policy trends. Trade Review"Mass incarceration in America is now understood as a policy problem needing immediate attention. Auerhahn’s careful analysis shows that it is also a looming crisis. If we are serious about repairing the mess we have made with our incarceration policies, then we must be honest that we cannot do so without also addressing the way the changes in our economy works create imposing impediments to a reform agenda." — Todd Clear, author of The Punishment Imperative: The Rise and Failure of Mass Incarceration in America "The scope of Auerhahn’s analysis in this valuable publication is very ambitious and wide-ranging, and embraces economic change and the reform of social welfare institutions."— Bill Jordan, author of Social Policy for the 21st CenturyTable of Contents1 The Contours of the Problem 2 The U.S. Economy in the Twenty-First Century 3 The Criminal Justice System in the Twenty-First Century 4 Work and Welfare in American Culture and Society 5 The Consequences of Denial 6 A Way Forward 7 Conclusion: Charting a New Course Acknowledgments Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisShattered Justice presents original crime victims' experiences with violent crime, investigations and trials, and later exonerations in their cases. Using in-depth interviews with 21 crime victims across the United States, Cook reveals how homicide victims’ family members and rape survivors describe the painful impact of the primary trauma, the secondary trauma of the investigations and trials, and then the tertiary trauma associated with wrongful convictions and exonerations. Important lessons and analyses are shared related to grief and loss, and healing and repair. Using restorative justice practices to develop and deliver healing retreats for survivors also expands the practice of restorative justice. Finally, policy reforms aimed at preventing, mitigating, and repairing the harms of wrongful convictions is covered.Trade Review"A leading expert on wrongful conviction turns her attention to the original crime victims, who frequently receive little more than a fleeting mention following the outcome of these cases. Cook provides insights into their anguish as they try to make sense of what happened, and their struggles with trauma caused by the wrongful conviction and its aftermath. This is one of those rare books that will be a must read for academics, restorative justice practitioners, and policy makers—indeed it is a book for everyone who cares about the state of justice in this country and its victims." — Jayne Mooney, John Jay College of Criminal Justice “With this book, Cook gives voice to the original crime victims of wrongful convictions and their family members whose experiences of surviving trauma and re-traumatization are very seldom heard. Cook puts her skills as a qualitative researcher, a feminist criminologist, and a restorative justice expert, to excellent use. Shattered Justice will be a transformative work with sustaining impact.”— Elizabeth Webster, Loyola University-ChicagoTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Part I: Studying Victims who Experience Exonerations (Primary and Secondary Trauma) Chapter 1: Introduction: Issues, Methods, and Participants Chapter 2: Shattered Lives Chapter 3: Shattered Investigations and Trials Chapter 4: Shattered Families Part II: Tertiary Trauma Chapter 5: Shattered Justice Chapter 6: Shattered System Chapter 7: Elements of Tertiary Trauma Chapter 8: Shattered Grief, Loss, and Coping Part Three: Healing, Repair, and Reform Chapter 9: Healing Justice Chapter 10: Repairing and Restoring Justice Works Cited

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Book SynopsisScience plays a substantial, though under-acknowledged, role in shaping popular understandings of rape. Statistical figures like “1 in 4 women have experienced completed or attempted rape” are central for raising awareness. Yet such scientific facts often become points of controversy, particularly as conservative scholars and public figures attempt to discredit feminist activists. Rape by the Numbers explores scientists’ approaches to studying rape over more than forty years in the United States and Canada. In addition to investigating how scientists come to know the scope, causes, and consequences of rape, this book delves into the politics of rape research. Scholars who study rape often face a range of social pressures and resource constraints, including some that are unique to feminized and politicized fields of inquiry. Collectively, these matters have far-reaching consequences. Scientific projects may determine who counts as a potential victim/survivor or aggressor in a range of contexts, shaping research agendas as well as state policy, anti-violence programming and services, and public perceptions. Social processes within the study of rape determine which knowledges count as credible science, and thus who may count as an expert in academic and public contexts.Trade Review"This book will truly be a welcome wake-up call for those social scientists dedicated to studying rape and sexual assault. It effectively reveals the many blind spots of much of the work that has been done over the past several decades, and is refreshingly full of valid and reasonable recommendations and potential solutions to help move this field of study forward most inclusively and productively." -- Deborah White * Professor, Trent University *“Rape by the Numbers is an important, well-researched, theoretically sophisticated, and engagingly presented book. It brings concepts from the field of science and technology studies together with quantitative and qualitative data to generate an important analysis and set of recommendations about the social science of sexual violence.” -- Alexandra Rutherford * director, Psychology's Feminist Voices Oral History and Digital Archive Project, York University *"Rape by the Numbers lights a path toward more critical and equitable rape research. I encourage students of gender, sexuality, labor, feminist science, and violence to follow where that newly lit path leads." * Gender & Society *"This book will truly be a welcome wake-up call for those social scientists dedicated to studying rape and sexual assault. It effectively reveals the many blind spots of much of the work that has been done over the past several decades, and is refreshingly full of valid and reasonable recommendations and potential solutions to help move this field of study forward most inclusively and productively." -- Deborah White * Professor, Trent University *“Rape by the Numbers is an important, well-researched, theoretically sophisticated, and engagingly presented book. It brings concepts from the field of science and technology studies together with quantitative and qualitative data to generate an important analysis and set of recommendations about the social science of sexual violence.” -- Alexandra Rutherford * director, Psychology's Feminist Voices Oral History and Digital Archive Project, York University *"Rape by the Numbers lights a path toward more critical and equitable rape research. I encourage students of gender, sexuality, labor, feminist science, and violence to follow where that newly lit path leads." * Gender & Society *"This book is essential reading, and a powerful reminder to sexual violence scientists to consider and reflect on the partial knowledge they/we produce, and the social processes that impact and are impacted by their/our research." -- Heather R. Hlavka * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *Table of Contents1 Introduction Part I Conceptualizing Rape 2 Locating the Problem 3 Accounting for Rape 4 Investigating the Aftermath Part II Social Mechanisms 5 Choosing to Study Rape 6 Dividends and Detriments of Dissent 7 Conclusion Appendix: Interview Guide Acknowledgments Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisBased on ethnographic observations and interviews with prisoners, correctional officers, and civilian staff conducted in solitary confinement units, Way Down in the Hole explores the myriad ways in which daily, intimate interactions between those locked up twenty-four hours a day and the correctional officers charged with their care, custody, and control produce and reproduce hegemonic racial ideologies. Smith and Hattery explore the outcome of building prisons in rural, economically depressed communities, staffing them with white people who live in and around these communities, filling them with Black and brown bodies from urban areas and then designing the structure of solitary confinement units such that the most private, intimate daily bodily functions take place in very public ways. Under these conditions, it shouldn’t be surprising, but is rarely considered, that such daily interactions produce and reproduce white racial resentment among many correctional officers and fuel the racialized tensions that prisoners often describe as the worst forms of dehumanization. Way Down in the Hole concludes with recommendations for reducing the use of solitary confinement, reforming its use in a limited context, and most importantly, creating an environment in which prisoners and staff co-exist in ways that recognize their individual humanity and reduce rather than reproduce racial antagonisms and racial resentment.Way Down the Hole Video 1 (https://youtu.be/UuAB63fhge0)Way Down the Hole Video 2 (https://youtu.be/TwEuw1cTrcQ)Way Down the Hole Video 3 (https://youtu.be/bOcBv_UnHIs​)Way Down the Hole Video 4 (https://youtu.be/cx_l1S8D77c)Trade Review“A stunning exposé and call to change, Way Down in the Hole lays bare the racism of our criminal justice system as it extends into the horror of solitary confinement. No stone is left unturned; Angela J. Hattery and Earl Smith have made us aware.” -- Mary Buser * author of Lockdown on Rikers: Shocking Stories of Abuse and Injustice at New York’s Notorious Jail *“With passion, clarity, and sociological depth, Professors Hattery and Smith analyze and deconstruct the highest stage of white supremacy in contemporary America: solitary confinement. Way Down in the Hole is antiracist ethnography at its best, an instant classic.” -- Eduardo Bonilla-Silva * author of Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in America *“Earl Smith and Angela J. Hattery provide us with a startling view of how solitary confinement in U.S. prisons both dehumanizes and racializes. Way Down in the Hole is an insightful analysis of this abuse and the structure of racist lies within society by which it is maintained.” -- Rory McVeigh * author of The Politics of Losing: Trump, the Klan, and the Mainstreaming of Resentment *“A stunning exposé and call to change, Way Down in the Hole lays bare the racism of our criminal justice system as it extends into the horror of solitary confinement. No stone is left unturned; Angela J. Hattery and Earl Smith have made us aware.” -- Mary Buser * author of Lockdown on Rikers: Shocking Stories of Abuse and Injustice at New York’s Notorious Jail *“With passion, clarity, and sociological depth, Professors Hattery and Smith analyze and deconstruct the highest stage of white supremacy in contemporary America: solitary confinement. Way Down in the Hole is antiracist ethnography at its best, an instant classic.” -- Eduardo Bonilla-Silva * author of Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in Ame *“Earl Smith and Angela J. Hattery provide us with a startling view of how solitary confinement in U.S. prisons both dehumanizes and racializes. Way Down in the Hole is an insightful analysis of this abuse and the structure of racist lies within society by which it is maintained.” -- Rory McVeigh * author of The Politics of Losing: Trump, the Klan, and the Mainstreaming of Resentment *Table of ContentsList of Figures Acknowledgments Foreword Introduction Part 1: The Hole Chapter 1: A Day in the Hole Chapter 2: Solitary Confinement in Context Chapter 3: Ideal types Part 2: Scholar’s Story Chapter 4: Recruiting Inmates Chapter 5: Getting to the hole Chapter 6: Scholar’s Story Chapter 7: Racism in Solitary Chapter 8: The cell assignment Chapter 9: It’s “culture” not “race’ Part 3: CO Porter and Dr. Emma Chapter 10: Prison Sitings Chapter 11: Prison Town--Larrabee Chapter 12: Dr. Emma and the Professional Staff Chapter 13: Microtel Chapter 14 It’s either this or the coal mine Chapter 15: Sometimes I sleep in my car Part 4: Fifty’s Story Chapter 16: Dehumanization Chapter 17: Language Chapter 18: Studies with Monkeys Chapter 19: Choosing the hole Chapter 20: Hygiene products Chapter 21: The mirror Chapter 22: Food Chapter 23: Time Chapter 24: Mail Chapter 25: Extreme violence Part 5: Marina’s Story Chapter 26: Welcome to SCI-Women Chapter 27: The women’s hole Chapter 28: Meeting the Mass Killer: Solitary confinement is her “home” Chapter 29: The BMU Chapter 30: CO Lisa Chapter 31: Wendi Chapter 32: Marina Part 6: CO Travis Chapter 33: We are Trump’s Forgotten Chapter 34: Solitary should be “hard” time: this isn’t a daycare! Chapter 35: Correctional PTSD Chapter 36: Faking mental illness to get a candy bar Chapter 37: “Therapy” with Dr. Emma Chapter 38: Programming Chapter 39: TVs, Trays and [Flush] Toilets Chapter 40: The Flipped Script Chapter 41: The Job of the CO, Work of the CO Chapter 42: Contact and intimate surveillance Chapter 43: White racial resentment Part 7: White Supremacy and the Lies White People Tell Themselves Chapter 44: The Lie Built on a Foundation of White Supremacy Chapter 45: Critical Race Theory: The Lie is Confirmed in Solitary Confinement Chapter 46: Yet Another Lie: To be Black is to be a Criminal Chapter 47: From Solitary to the Streets Chapter 48: What about those who “chose” solitary? Chapter 49: Emancipated Slave and the White Sharecropper Chapter 50: Dying By Whiteness Chapter 51: Solitary Confinement: Reducing rather than (Re) Producing White Racial Resentment Chapter 52: Strangers in their Own Land Chapter 53: The Lies the COs Tell Themselves Chapter 54: January 6, 2021---White nationalists storm the US Capitol Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisMexico has become notorious for crime-related violence, and the efforts of governments and national and international NGOs to counter this violence have proven largely futile. Citizens against Crime and Violence studies societal responses to crime and violence within one of Mexico’s most affected regions, the state of Michoacán. Based on comparative ethnography conducted over twelve months by a team of anthropologists and sociologists across six localities of Michoacán, ranging from the most rural to the most urban, the contributors consider five varieties of societal responses: local citizen security councils that define security and attempt to influence its policing, including by self-defense groups; cultural activists looking to create safe 'cultural' fields from which to transform their social environment; organizations in the state capital that combine legal and political strategies against less visible violence (forced disappearance, gender violence, anti-LGBT); church-linked initiatives bringing to bear the church’s institutionality, including to denounce 'state capture'; and women’s organizations creating 'safe' networks allowing to influence violence prevention.Trade Review"In the face of government failure to provide justice and security, how have Mexican citizens – cultural and political activists, women’s collectives, church groups – responded to violence and crime that upend their daily lives? This unique comparative ethnography by a multidisciplinary team of scholars foregrounds the creative, courageous, and arduous work through which people are stitching the torn social fabric of their communities. Empirically and conceptually rich, it is an essential, timely read." -- Ieva Jusionyte * author of Threshold: Emergency Responders on the US-Mexico Border *"This book takes an original lens to the crisis of violence, crime and insecurity in Mexico. Through an ethnographic approach, it critically and insightfully accompanies the efforts of social and civic actors in varied locations of Michoacán, from urban to more rural, to find a space to act creatively in and on the many violences they have to live with." -- Jenny Pearce * author of Politics without Violence? Towards a Post-Weberian Enlightenment *"In the face of government failure to provide justice and security, how have Mexican citizens – cultural and political activists, women’s collectives, church groups – responded to violence and crime that upend their daily lives? This unique comparative ethnography by a multidisciplinary team of scholars foregrounds the creative, courageous, and arduous work through which people are stitching the torn social fabric of their communities. Empirically and conceptually rich, it is an essential, timely read." -- Ieva Jusionyte * author of Threshold: Emergency Responders on the US-Mexico Border *"This book takes an original lens to the crisis of violence, crime and insecurity in Mexico. Through an ethnographic approach, it critically and insightfully accompanies the efforts of social and civic actors in varied locations of Michoacán, from urban to more rural, to find a space to act creatively in and on the many violences they have to live with." -- Jenny Pearce * author of Politics without Violence? Towards a Post-Weberian Enlightenment *Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction: The Comparative Ethnography of Societal Responses to Crime and Violence in Mexico Chapter 2: Local Citizen Security Councils: Sustainable Responses to a Crisis of Trust in State Security Provision Chapter 3: Cultural Activism: Mobilizing Art and Culture to Build Transformative Socio-Political Fields Chapter 4: Socio-legal Activism in Contexts of Criminal and Institutional Violence: Challenging Forced Disappearances, Gender Violence, and Assaults on LGBT and Sex Workers Chapter 5: Churches as Institutions in Regions of Violent Organized Crime Chapter 6: A Room of Their Own: Barriers to Women’s Activism Against the Continuum of Violence in Michoacán, Mexico Chapter 7: Key Objectives, Strategic Choices and Impact of Societal Responses to Violence: Lessons for Policy and Practice Chapter 8: Society to the Rescue? Rethinking Responses to Crime-Related Violence and Corruption Acknowledgments Notes on Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisThis book provides the student, researcher or practitioner with the tools to understand many of the most commonly used advanced statistical analysis tools in criminology and criminal justice, and also to apply them to research problems. The volume is structured around two main topics, giving the user flexibility to find what they need quickly. The first is “the general linear model” which is the main analytic approach used to understand what influences outcomes in crime and justice. It presents a series of approaches from OLS multivariate regression, through logistic regression and multi-nomial regression, hierarchical regression, to count regression. The volume also examines alternative methods for estimating unbiased outcomes that are becoming more common in criminology and criminal justice, including analyses of randomized experiments and propensity score matching. It also examines the problem of statistical power, and how it can be used to better design studies. Finally, it discusses meta analysis, which is used to summarize studies; and geographic statistical analysis, which allows us to take into account the ways in which geographies may influence our statistical conclusions.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Multiple Regression- Chapter 3. Multiple Regression: Additional Topics.- Chapter 4. Logistic Regression.- Chapter 5. Multivariate Regression With Multiple Category Nominal or Ordinal Measures.- Chapter 6. Count-Based Regression Models.- Chapter 7. Multilevel Regression Models.- Chapter 8. Statistical Power.- Chapter 9. Special Topics: Randomized Experiments.- Chapter 10. Propensity Score Matching.- Chapter 11. Meta-Analysis.- Chapter 12. Spatial Regression.

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Book SynopsisThis book enumerates the unique challenges, barriers, needs, and trauma of being an African American in the United States, and at the same time highlights what needs to be done to improve and foster the mental health healing of this population. This includes practical applications and strategic solutions that work, such as the family togetherness and ardent spiritual beliefs that form the basis for resilient and vibrant mental health among African Americans. This contributed volume features the authorship of counseling professionals, most of whom are African American themselves. Because of their own personal experiences, they are able to emphasize cogent helping strategies for this population, to show how to move forward with encouragement. The book also highlights ways to promote life that is mentally healthy and holistic for African Americans.Topics covered within the chapters include: Mental Health Challenges Unique to African American Children and Adolescents Diagnosis Issues with African Americans Culture of Family Togetherness, Emotional Resilience, and Spiritual Lifestyles Inherent in African Americans from the Time of Slavery Until Now The Trauma of Being an African American in the 21st Century Training, Recruiting, and Retaining African American Mental Health Professionals African Americans and Mental Health: Practical and Strategic Solutions to Barriers, Needs, and Challenges is an essential resource for helping professionals who work with this population, including psychiatrists, counselors, psychologists, social workers, and other mental health professionals. The book also should be of interest to researchers, instructors, and students in Counseling, Social Work, and Psychology.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction: Who are African Americans? (Beverly O’Bryant, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland) (20 pages) Chapter 1 provides an operational definition of African Americans as well as multiple definitions of African Americans used in similar contexts. Emphasis is then placed on the review of the history of African Americans from the 1800s to the present. The Chapter is divided into 6 subsections. Subsection One: The History of African Americans (1800-1900) Subsection Two: The History of African Americans (1901-1950) Subsection Three: The History of African Americans (1951-2000) Section Four: The History of African Americans (2001-2020) Section Five: An Expanded view and definition of ‘Who are African Americans’ Chapter 2: Barriers and access to mental health care for African Americans (Henry L. Harris, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, North Carolina; & LaTonya Summers, University of Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida) (20 pages) Although individuals have greater access to mental health services than ever before, it is important to be aware of societal and cultural barriers that hinder minority groups from seeking care. For example, when considering the quality and availability of culturally-responsive care provided to African Americans, several inequalities exist (Psychiatry.org, 2017). One of the greatest challenges African Americans face to seeking help is stigma associated with mental illness. Gary (2005), defines stigma as negative beliefs, attitudes, behaviors, and thoughts that may cause individuals or society to treat those with a mental illness in a prejudicial manner. Other barriers include institutional discrimination, religious beliefs and spiritual activities (Taylor, Chatters & Abelson, 2012), cultural distrust of health care and mental health systems, lack of healthcare insurance, and mental health illiteracy. This chapter provides a brief history of mental illness among African Americans, identification of social and cultural barriers, implications for improving access to care (i.e., providing culturally-specific professional development, promoting culturally-relevant mental health literacy, addressing issues related to advocacy and activism, etc.), and concludes with culturally-responsive practices. Chapter 3: Challenges mostly unique to African Americans (Linwood Vereen, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania) (20 pages) This Chapter focuses on the challenges mostly unique to African Americans that impact their life and existence. The unique challenges described within this chapter are race-based individual, community, and systemic biases aimed at African Americans. Specifically, in this chapter it is important to have the reader see how race-based bias, discrimination, and prejudice are the challenges that impact the education, social mobility, and socioeconomic status of the African American. The chapter continues to focus on how these unique challenges impact the daily functions of African Americans in ways such as unfair housing practices and living conditions. From here it is also important to point out how these race-based challenges of systemic discriminatory practices impact community and are being combatted through resilience and community advocacy, which are strengths of the African American community. Chapter 4: African Americans and Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities (Brittany Dennis, Emporia State University, Emporia, Kansas) (20 pages) Mental illness is pervasive in the African-American community (APA, 2017; Degruy, 2005; Fripp & Carlson, 2017; Snowden, 1999; Williams, 2008). According to the American Psychiatric Association (2017), the majority of African Americans who have mental illness do not receive the treatment they need to effectively manage their conditions. Barriers impede access to quality care. These barriers include stigma, poverty, distrust of healthcare professionals (Washington, 2006), deficiencies in the number of culturally competent practitioners, and misinformation (i.e., spiritual/religious beliefs) (APA, 2017; Fripp & Carlson, 2017). These barriers result in individuals only seeking care in emergencies (APA, 2017; Snowden, 1998; Thorn & Sarata, 1998). Another factor is institutional racism (Fripp & Carlson, 2017). Generational trauma impacts how African Americans experience mental distress (Degruy, 2005; Williams-Washington & Mills, 2018). All of this contributes to ongoing health disparities within the African American community. This chapter brings out the challenges African Americans experience with accessing and acquiring quality care in the United States and explores common and newer strategies designed to foster a culture of improved mental health and wellness. Chapter 5: Unique mental health challenges of African American children and adolescents (Keith Dempsey, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon & Kimberly N. Frazier, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana) (20 pages) This chapter explores the historical context that contributed to the current mental health challenges that are uniquely experienced by African American children and adolescents in the United States (Boyd-Franklin, 2003; Catherall, 2004). The chapter discusses how lack of positive reflection of self, criminalization, and race-based misdiagnosis results in untreated race-based trauma (Carter, 2007; Grills, Aird, & Rowe, 2016). The chapter discusses how trauma can manifest in mental health issues in similar and different ways in African American girls and boys (Lamb, S., 2006; McGoldrick, Giordano, Gracia-Preto, 2005; Parham, 2002). Finally the chapter discusses positive mental health coping mechanisms of African American adolescent girls and boys associated with growing up in the current climate (Boyd-Franklin, 2003; Catherall, 2004; McGoldrick, Giordano, Gracia-Preto, 2005; Parham, 2002). Chapter 6: Diagnosis issues with African Americans (Jacqueline Smith, Regent University, Virginia Beach, Virginia) (20 pages) In the United States, the historical manifestation of racism has had a significant impact on the diagnosis of African Americans. Two aspects of racism, the belief of inferiority directed toward persons of color, and the second, the belief in the superiority of the values, customs, beliefs, and traditions of White Euro-American cultures, permeate assessment, diagnostic, and treatment processes (Sue and Sue, 2019). Failure to acknowledge the sociopolitical impact of racism on mental health care and the stigma and myths surrounding mental illness have resulted in continued misdiagnosis and the long-standing skepticism, mistrust, dissatisfaction, and poor utilization of mental health care services by African Americans (APA, 2017; Suite, Bril, Primm, & Harrison-Ross, 2007; Smith, 2015). Cultural alertness and multicultural training are needed to ensure cultural competence among White mental health providers to reduce misdiagnosis, inadequate treatment, and the disparity of mental health care in the African American community (Griffith, Jones, & Stewart, 2019; Hampton, Gullotta, & Crowel, 2010). Chapter 7: Culture of family togetherness, emotional resilience, and spiritual lifestyles inherent in African Americans from the time of slavery until now (Fawn Robinson, Carlow University, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Quiana Golphin, California University of Pennsylvania, California, Pennsylvania) (20 pages) First, this chapter provides a foundation of understanding African American culture, highlighting essential times in history where African Americans' cultures, family structures, and spiritual relationships were altered due the systemic oppression (Alexander, 2012; Bell, Funk, Joshi, & Valdivia, 2016). Second, this chapter focuses on important cultural aspects of family togetherness (presence, bonding, and support), emotional resilience (coping with hardships), and spiritual relationships (higher beings and connections) that lead to mental health protective factors (Chatters, Nguyen, Taylor, & Hope, 2018; Donahoo & Caffey, 2010; Hayward & Krause, 2015; Taylor & Chatters, 2010). Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of appropriate techniques, methods, and mental health treatments for African Americans (Chatters, Nguyen, Taylor, & Hope, 2018; Plunkett, 2014). In its entirety, the chapter is influenced by the ACA Code of Ethics and MSJCC and ASERVIC Competencies. Chapter 8: The trauma related to being an African American in the 21st century (Kimberly N. Frazier, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana & Keith Dempsey, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon) (20 pages) This chapter explores the historical context that has shaped the African American experience and contributed to the trauma of living and existing in the United States as an African American (Lee, 2013; Parham, 2002). The chapter discusses traumatic stressors associated with covert and overt racism due to being a marginalized group in America that leads to physical and psychological trauma. The chapter also discusses how the lack of positive representation of African Americans has led to the stereotypes of criminal behavior, perceived laziness, and untreated race-based trauma (Carter, 2007; Grills, Aird & Rowe, 2016). Finally, the chapter discusses positive coping mechanisms African Americans have employed to cope with trauma and stressors associated with living in the United States (Lee, 2013; Parham, 2002; Ratts, Sing, Butler & McCullough, 2015). Chapter 9: Recruiting, training, and retaining African American mental health professionals (Jude T. Austin II, Mary Hardin-Baylor University, Belton Texas & Julius A. Austin, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana) (20 pages) In a recent conversation that one of the prospective authors had with an African American student, she complained about not seeing herself represented in the counseling theories. The author's advice as a counselor educator to the student was to complete her graduate degree and go on to get her doctoral degree, where she can develop and empirically prove her own theoretical approach. She looked stunned, unaware that this was an option. This anecdote captures the larger struggles within the profession as it relates to recruiting, training, and retaining African American mental health professionals. There is a cultural zeitgeist shift within the counseling profession and about the profession from the outside. The landscape of graduate programs and the clients we serve are becoming increasingly diverse. Faculty are not. Researchers are not. Supervisors are not. And counseling professionals are not. Why and what can we as a profession do about this phenomenon. This chapter focuses on answering those questions. Extant literature regarding ways to recruit, train, and retain African American mental health professionals also are discussed. Chapter 10: The mental health needs of some unique groups within African American populations (Julius A. Austin, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana & Jude T. Austin II, Mary Hardin-Baylor University, Belton, Texas) (25 pages) African Americans share the same mental health issues as the rest of the population, with arguably even greater stressors due to racism, prejudice, and economic disparities. According to Alvidrez et al., (2008), African Americans who are already mental health consumers explained that depression and anxiety would be considered “crazy” in their social circles. Increased stressors, combined with social pressure or persecution, damages generations of African American families. When African Americans fit into a unique group, then mental health needs escalate. This chapter discusses the complex and layered mental health needs of some unique groups within the African American community, including LGBT, the Elderly, single mothers, single fathers, daughters and sons who grew up without fathers, those incarcerated, and the economically disadvantaged. Chapter 11: African Americans: Roads to living enhanced and improved mentally healthy lives (Ariel Encalade Mitchell, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana) (20 pages) Recent research in mental health counseling discussed ways that African American communities are embracing counseling interventions, as well as the barriers that still remain. Black people do not trust figures that represent a White status quo. Black people think therapy is for White people, and that therapists are White. The distrust of macro-aggressive systems trickles down into mental health and wellness practices. Many African Americans seek their mental health support through their religious and faith-based communities (Elans, Bell, et al., 2018). However, when mandated or through personal selection, Black clients left therapy feeling like they gained new insight into themselves and coping strategies for their situation. Once the stigma of counseling is met with the will for change, change happens. There is no one answer, yet researchers are offering a litany of progressive suggestions that are explored in this chapter. Chapter 12: Solution-oriented intervention models for African Americans' mental health (David Julius Ford, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey) (20 pages) According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI, 2017), racial/ethnic minorities are less likely to have access to mental health services than non-Hispanic Whites. The author of this chapter seeks to provide interventions that counselors can use to provide culturally responsive counseling grounded in culturally sensitive frameworks. The author explains Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (Ratts, Singh, Nassar-McMillan, Butler, & McCullough, 2015), and Cultural Broaching (Day-Vines, Wood, Grothaus, Craigen, Holman, Dotson-Black, & Douglass, 2015). After reading this chapter, counselors will be able to implement these models to help break down the barriers to mental health that Black/African American clients experience. Advocacy is part of our ethical duty to our clients, and these frameworks provide foundation for advocacy at microsystemic and macrosystemic levels. Black/African American clients face barriers to mental health at both levels, and advocacy is needed to break down those barriers. The author also seeks to provide systemic advocacy interventions to impact the broader Black/African American population. The chapter has a case scenario to show the reader how to implement these models. Chapter 13: Practical strategic improvements for African American mental health (Lynn Bohecker, Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia & Crasha Townsend, Northwest Nazarene University, Nampa, Idaho). Current literature abounds regarding issues related to African American mental health (Barnett; McFarland, Miller, Lowe, & Hatcher, 2019; Evans & Sheu, 2018; Hankerson, Wells, Sullivan, Johnson, Smith, Crayton…& Rhem, 2018; Hastings & Snowden, 2018; Mouzon & McLean, 2017; Turner, Hastings, & Neighbors, 2019). Problems such as the relationships of discrimination, socioeconomic status, and internalized racism with mental health among African Americans and stigma for seeking mental health services have been researched and documented (Evans & Sheu, 2018; Hastings & Snowden, 2018; Mouzon & McLean, 2017; Turner, Hastings, & Neighbors, 2019). However, there is a dearth of information on improving African American mental health. This chapter begins by providing an overview of some of the issues specific to African American mental health and barriers to effective treatment. The authors present these issues through the lens of Critical Race Theory, which is used to examine African American mental health within the contexts of race, power, and privilege (Crenshaw, 1989; Crenshaw, Gotanda, Peller, & Thomas, 1995; Delgado & Stefancic, 2017; Trahan & Lemberger, 2014). There is an inherent need as a culture to listen, to learn, to begin to better understand African American mental health issues, and to consider interactions of individual- and contextual-level factors. In order to develop effective mental health strategies, information needs to be grounded in the population. To combat narrow constructions of African American experiences, one aspect of a paradigm shift is to center them as the author of their own experiences (Howard, 2013). For example, the focus on peer-reviewed scholarly publications excludes voices such as those found in organizations like Black Lives Matter, Say Her Name, My Brother’s Keeper, Color of Change, Sister Love, and the Common Ground Foundation that have been part of efforts to increase awareness of the lived experiences of people of color. The things that can be learned from watching these non-traditional groups, can reveal strategies for working with the African American population in America. Through listening to African American voices, specific practical strategies for improving African American mental health are presented. Chapter 14: Treatment strategies and healings related to African American mental health (Victoria D. Austin, Clinical Faculty, Southern New Hampshire University, Manchester, New Hampshire) To understand how best to address the mental health needs of African Americans (AA), it is vital to recognize the barriers that prevent treatment. This chapter first briefly explores the common barriers to effective mental health treatment in the AA community, such as social inequalities, low representation in the mental health field, lack of awareness about mental illness, and stigma (Haynes et. Al, 2017; (National Alliance on Mental Health, n.d.), which have been topics of discussion in the previous chapters. The sociocultural, relational, and historical factors that counselors need to be aware of when working with AAs (Toldson, Anyanwu, & Maxwell, 2016), and the availability, accessibility, and use of mental health resources (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014) are discussed. When counselors and counselor educators understand this information, they can appropriately advocate for individual clients and proper program development (Mental Health America, 2014). Some of the most common mental health issues that members of AA experience, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (National Alliance on Mental Health, n.d.; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2014), are delineated in this chapter. Research related to forms of treatment models that have reportedly been effectively successful when working with members of the AA community, like multicultural counseling, social justice counseling, dialectical behavioral therapy, trauma-informed care, expressive arts, and spirituality integrated counseling, all different theoretical orientations (Barnicot & Priebe, 2013; Bryant-Davis, 2005; Fallot & Harris, 2002; Malchiodi, 2007; Ratts et al., 2015; Zimmerman, 1995), are explored and discussed in this chapter. Lastly, recommendations for improved treatment strategies that can bring about how mental health services are addressed and treated in the AA community (Haynes et. al, 2017) are discussed. Epilogue: Where do we go from here (Mary Olufunmilayo Adekson, Retired Counselor Educator) (10 pages) List of prospective contributors Mary Olufunmilayo Adekson, Retired Counselor Educator. Jude T. Austin II, Assistant Professor, Counseling Department, Mary Hardin-Baylor University, Belton Texas. Julius A. Austin, Director, Office of Substance Abuse and Recovery, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana. Victoria D. Austin, Clinical Faculty, Counseling Department, Southern New Hampshire University, Manchester, New Hampshire. Lynn Bohecker, Associate Professor, Counselor Education and Family Studies, Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia. Keith Dempsey, Associate Professor & Chair, Counseling Department, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon. Brittany Dennis, Assistant Professor, Counseling Department, Emporia State University, Emporia, Kansas. David Julius Ford, Assistant Professor, Counseling Department, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey. Kimberly N. Frazier, Associate Professor, School of Allied & Health Professions, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana. Quiana Golphin, Assistant Professor, Counseling Department, California University of Pennsylvania, California, Pennsylvania. Hank Harris, Professor, Counseling Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina. Ariel Encalade Mitchell, Counseling Department, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana. Beverly O’Bryant , Dean, College of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland. Fawn Robinson, Assistant Professor, Psychology and Counseling Department, Carlow University, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Jacqueline Smith, Associate Professor & Counseling Department Chair, School of Psychology and Counseling, Regent University, Virginia Beach, Virginia. LaTonya Summers, Assistant Professor, University of Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida. Crasha Townsend, Educational Leadership Department, Northwest Nazarene University, Nampa, Idaho. Linwood Vereen, Associate Professor, Counseling and College Student Personnel Department, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania.

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Book SynopsisThis brief discusses the benefits and various considerations for participants and justice agencies involved in experiential programs for students. Using case studies and interviews with justice agency administrators, it assesses programs in law enforcement, courts, corrections, and public and private human services agencies. Each chapter discusses how to prepare for the internship, the expectations of the field work, and practical concerns. This brief is appropriate for students in justice studies, criminology and related programs, and for professionals coordinating experiential education.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Preparation for participation in an experiential education program.- 3. Field experiences in law enforcement.- 4. Field experiences in the courts.- 5. Field experiences in corrections.- 6. Field experiences with volunteer and social service agencies.- 7. Summary and conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThe expanding remit of policing as a fundamental part of the public health continuum is increasingly acknowledged on the international scene. Similarly the growing role of health professionals as brokers of public safety means that the need for scholarly resources for developing knowledge and broadening theoretical positioning and questioning is becoming urgent and crucial. The fields of law enforcement and public health are beginning to understand the inextricable links between public safety and public health and the need to shift policies and practices towards more integrated practices. This book comes as a first, an utterly timely scholarly collection that brings together the views of multidisciplinary commentators on a wide range of issues and disciplines within the law enforcement and public health (LEPH) arena. The book addresses the more conceptual aspects of the relationship as well as more applied fields of collaboration, and the authors describe and analyze a range of service delivery examples taken from real-life instances of partnerships in action. Among the topics covered: ​Defund, Dismantle or Define Law Enforcement, Public Health, and Vulnerability Law Enforcement and Mental Health: The Missing Middle The Challenges of Sustaining Partnerships and the Diversification of Cultures Using Public Health Concepts and Metrics to Guide Policing Strategy and Practice Policing Pandemics Law Enforcement and Public Health: Partners for Community Safety and Wellbeing is essential reading for a wide array of professions and areas of expertise in the intersectoral field of LEPH. It is an indispensable resource for public health and law enforcement specialists (practitioners, educators, scholars, and researchers) and training programs across the world, as well as individuals interested in developing their knowledge and capacity to respond to complex LEPH issues in the field, including public prosecutors, coroners, and the judiciary. The text also can be used for undergraduate and postgraduate university policing, criminology, sociology, psychology, social work, public health, and medicine programs.Trade Review“This book is a collection of papers on topics where the law enforcement and public health industries intersect operationally and in a public policy sense. … This is an excellent reference work for police management, project and policy officers etc., who are interested in better aligning the efforts of policing with other public and private sector agencies, especially in complex policy spaces such as health and community wellbeing.” (APJ, Australian Police Journal, Vol. 76 (2), June, 2022)Table of Contents(Note that all chapters will feature case studies or vignette of approximately 500-750 words) Foreword: Safety and security: the shared space of law enforcement and public healthClifford Shearing, Scott Burris, & Jennifer Wood Law enforcement and public health are alike in many ways. Both are traditional government services that in modern times have been shared between public and private delivery systems. Both claim preventive roles in relation to social harms but devote considerable resources to responding to harms that have already occurred. Both are practiced within and as expressions of professional cultures. Both can create as well as alleviate harm. They share, to a considerable degree, the same operating spaces as they address specific ills like drug overdose, violence, road safety, and mental illness, and deeper social determinants of health and security like poverty and inequality. If we were organizing social services from scratch in 2021, we might well decide to organize law enforcement and public health services differently, but as things stand, the challenge is to consider how the two distinct projects can be better aligned for greater cooperation and effectiveness. The Law Enforcement and Public Health (LEPH) Education Special Interest Group of the Global LEPH Association has initiated this collection of papers on the many and diverse facets of the LEPH intersection. In this preface, the authors briefly consider the evolution of the “LEPH” idea, its promise and limitations, and offer some thoughts about the state of the field today. Preface: Conceptual and practice tensions in LEPH: Public health approaches to policing and police and public health collaborations Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron, James Clover, Denise Martin, Richard Southby, & Nick Crofts The Editorial Team will draft the Preface once the content of the textbook has been reviewed in its entirety. Chapter 1 – The historical public health and social work role of the police Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron, James Clover, Denise Martin, Richard Southby, & Nick Crofts Drawing on the works of Maurice Punch, Egon Bittner, and others, this chapter provides a historical foundation to the interplay, or sometime the lack thereof, of law enforcement and health systems coordinating responses to protect and support people in the community. As described by Punch (2019, p. ix): The notion of Law Enforcement and Public Health (LEPH) as a specified field for academic attention and professional practice is relatively recent (Anderson and Burris: 2017). It could be argued, however, that the issue of the interaction between the two “systems” – albeit in different ways and forms – is not all that new and is, in fact, a perennial one which long predates the formation of modern agencies of law enforcement and public health. This chapter also includes professional reflections from members of the Editorial team on their experience of the interplay, or lack thereof, between systems. Chapter 2 - Crime reduction and community well-being through community mobilization and leadership Norm Taylor, Cal Corley, Dale McFee & Matthew Torigian. In this chapter, two police executives and two executive advisors collaborate to share their informed perspectives and to explore new forms of police leadership that have emerged over the past decade, leading to broad systemic changes in criminal justice and human services delivery across Canada. Most of what Canadian police officers attend to daily has little to do with criminality. In fact, almost 74% of calls for service involve mental health and addictions, anti-social behaviour, and other social issues. And, the backgrounds of most criminals suggest problems earlier in life, including absent parenting, early development and education, mental health and addictions, inadequate housing, and continuing poverty. Recognizing that the police cannot ‘arrest their way out’ of these situations, and that the policing sector is itself faced with continuing economic pressures, Canadian governments, community-based organizations, the private sector, and academia have been thinking differently about how policing and related human services are organized and delivered to achieve improved outcomes for at-risk individuals, families, and communities. The clear consensus is that more integrated, multi-disciplinary approaches, focused both in the present and upstream, are essential if full capacity is to be applied and real improvements are to occur. Most of the vexing problems facing our communities do not fit nicely within the mandate or realm of any single organization. Traditional government structures do not align with most of the most pressing issues affecting individuals, families, and communities. Manoeuvring through the maze of siloed systems, processes, and procedures is time-consuming and duplicates energies that could otherwise be focused on achieving results. Many are content to work within the existing system. But there is a growing cadre of forward thinking, innovative, and results-oriented police leaders who are actively challenging the status quo and mobilizing action across sectors. In a historical analysis of policing since the mid-1730s, Kempa (2014) argues that policing is in a period of significant transition, shaped by a number of economic, social, and other drivers. History has shown that such periods of transition are marked by considerable experimentation and a challenging of traditional ways of doing things.The last to change are always the legislative and policy underpinnings across the range of human, information sharing, privacy, and criminal justice systems. But the first to change can be traced to innovative forms of leadership. Persevering and achieving results during such transitionary times is often not for the faint of heart. Conventional, hierarchical, and agency-specific leadership habits are most often inadequate for moving an entire complex and multidisciplinary system into action. This chapter traces recent experiences in Canada where results-oriented police leaders have been able to bend the system, to work across disciplines, and to effectively mobilize both traditional and non-traditional partners in the quest to markedly improve community safety and well-being outcomes. These stories can help others in shaping new pathways forward within each unique context. The chapter includes several case examples, framed by an analysis of the essential ingredients in leading for leverage. Chapter 3 – Police officers as public health interventionists and health practitioners as public safety brokers: are these really roles at the margin?Auke J. van Dijk & Jennifer D. Wood For most police officers, public health interventions are not seen as their core business but it probably is If only 20% of police time is spent on things that are related to crime, should we associate police work primarily with the criminal justice system? Public health practitioners in neighbourhoods are not primarily working from a medical perspective, their work is – or should be – community-based or at least community-informed and engaged with the overall public safety. In some cases it is public safety that defines the logic behind public health, like with acute high epidemic and pandemic risks. At the very least both professions have a considerable overlap, and what is needed at this intersection is a common perspective on that shared part of the profession. This chapter treats this overlap as if it were a profession in its own right – and follows the classical definition of a profession consisting of a body of knowledge, body of practice (skills), and a code of ethics. Ethics is a crucial issue in this context, especially the use of force and the potential friction between individual rights and population outcomes. This translates directly in decisions around e.g., information exchange. Part of shared ethics should be the prevention of crisis and coercion. Interesting enough both professions have a tendency to favor ‘crisis’ over ‘lack of clarity’, clearly at the detriment of individual persons as well as community safety and well-being. Chapter 4 – The challenges of sustaining partnerships and the diversification of cultures Denise Martin & William Graham Partnership working and the willingness of different service to collaborate is critical to the success of Law Enforcement and Public Health initiatives. While partnership approaches are not new and can be shown to operate successfully, there are continued challenges around sustaining partnerships in the longer term. Content explores the commonly cited contributory factors that can undermine longevity of collaborations. These factors include short-term planning cycles, limited resources, shifting priorities, and political pressures. This chapter proposes that these pressures often contribute to the reinforcing of siloed approaches and retreatism back into organisational cultures and norms as a way of managing hurdles that these challenges raise. Using examples from the experience of the authors, this chapter provides examples of partnership success and propose ways that using these success indicators might be useful when considering how to sustain partnerships to enable better working across the LEPH interface. Chapter 5 – Law enforcement and mental health: The missing middle Stuart DM Thomas, Inga Heyman, Chris White & Nadine Dougall Commonly, in the course of their duties, the police will come into contact with people who have a lived experience of mental illness. It is acknowledged that these contacts can and do happen for a wide variety of reasons and in a broad range of circumstances. Increasingly, police have found that they are responding to call outs and situations involving people experiencing a mental health crisis. While there are ongoing tensions among the police, and community members, about whether this should even be considered ‘police work’ or not, the reality of this situation has required police, health, and social welfare services to develop both local and organisation-level partnerships to help articulate and delineate roles, functions, and professional boundaries. This chapter considers the development and function of these partnerships as they relate to responding to mental health-related situations. We argue that current partnerships are failing to meet the needs of the ‘missing middle’; this group represents a significant proportion of the population who have mental health-related needs but do not meet the threshold for admission to public mental health services, and for whom other community-based care and support are insufficient. The chapter authors exemplify these limitations by focusing on mental health presentations to Emergency Departments and look to pockets of innovation internationally that have sought to address what represents a significant unmet need. Chapter 6 – Violence as a public health issue, and its prevention Stan Gilmour, Richard Bent, Guy Lamb, Zara Quigg Violence and its prevention are of major relevance to overall public health and safety, and the necessary adjustment in how social policy responds to violence in the community calls for integrated partnership. Violence Reduction Units involving close collaborations have been critical in the development of public health approaches to violence prevention. Non-governmental groups such as Cure Violence, whose mission is to reduce violence globally using disease control and the support of behaviour change, are showing promise on the response to managing community violence. Equally there is evidence that governments are recognizing the overwhelming connection between violence and missing social determinants of health, as exemplified by the work being directed by the Mayor of London (UK) Sadiq Khan. This chapter informs the audience to the growing body of knowledge that supports the links between violence and public health. Chapter 7 – LEPH, ethnic minorities, and socio-cultural diversity Author(s) not yet confirmed Any social policy response, whether in policing, health, or similar disciplines, must take into account the uniqueness and the vulnerabilities that exist within and amongst our diverse communities within society. Ethnic and racialized minorities, including indigenous communities, are at often vastly increased risk of involvement with criminal justice and have very impaired health indicators. Chapter 8 - First responders' stress and resilience as a matter of the public health Katy Kamkar & Grant Edwards The nature of the policing requires regular engagement in traumatic events. Coupled with shift work, long hours, poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and at a ready state of continual hyper-vigilance, police are increasingly suffering psychological injuries. In this chapter, Commander Grant Edwards relates his personal experiences in how he developed and has dealt with mental health trauma. The health of our police organizations needs to be a consideration as part of the overall public health, and these stories and lessons are applicable to many sectors in society. Content includes the importance of healthy organizational culture and leadership, steps for police workplace mental health strategy including interventions at individual and organizational levels, and the topic of moral suffering in police work, compassion fatigue, and burnout, along with modifiable factors including all of the above mentioned to mitigate risk to psychological injuries. Chapter 9 – Alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs: crimes vs. public health issues Author(s) not yet confirmed. Many communities struggle with the impact of substance use and addiction, whether of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs. There is much tension between criminal justice approaches and public health approaches to issues around psychoactive substances, with a generally agreed role for police in regulation and reduction of harm related to the use of legal substances, but much contention about roles and responsibilities in relation to drugs currently classified as illegal. Chapter 10 – LEPH and vulnerability Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron & Nicole Asquith There is now widespread scholarly and practice agreement that vulnerability is at the very core of law enforcement and public health partnerships. Practitioners also agree that 'clients' are the same across sectors: police often encounter individuals who have been receiving the care of public health practitioners, or, at the very least, been on the radar of these practitioners. Legislation and policy have, however, remained shy in approaching joint definitions of vulnerability that would help disciplinary and practice collaborations in the field, despite calls for collaboration across sectors. As a result, siloed practices remain the norm and are quickly becoming outdated in terms of service delivery efficiency and appropriate care. This chapter identifies the reasons why seeking a better integration of practice across all sectors is a worthwhile pursuit. The content argues that the futility of debates around disciplinary specificity and fenced-in budgets are at the detriment of better-targeted, holistic service delivery for vulnerable people. It also goes against economic arguments that constantly ask for rationalisation. On the contrary: multidisciplinary practice in law enforcement and public health can show significant return on investment and timely recuperation of costs. Chapter 11 – Epidemiological Criminology Bridging the Knowledge Gap: Developing a National Training Model for Law Enforcement and Public Health Professionals from an Epidemiological Criminology Perspective Timothy A. Akers, Rodney Hill, Paul Archibald, Tina Billington-Hughes, & William Hervey “Toto, I have a feeling we’re not in Kansas anymore.” A well-known quote from The Wizard of Oz is very applicable to the topic of this chapter, Epidemiological Criminology (“EpiCrim”). EpiCrim is an emerging theoretical and practical framework that can bridge the knowledge gap between academies and professionals in law enforcement and public health. The emergence of new modalities, techniques, and approaches among the biological, psychological, sociological, and environmental determinants can further bring forth both the subtle and overt practices across these seemingly diverse professions. Law Enforcement has always seen the public’s health as their basic tenet while public health has teetered back and forth between enforcement and prevention. Epidemiological Criminology also integrates both the subtle and overt distinctions between the biomedical and behavioral disparities common to these perspectives while, at the same time, introduces new insights, models, and approaches to the centuries-old ways both professions recruit, train, and practice. Chapter 12 – Evidence-informed policing: Using public health metrics and evidence to shape policing strategy and practice. Brandon del Pozo As the challenges communities face become more complex, police are being asked to form closer partnerships with other institutions and agencies in all aspects of their work, from response to mental health and drug crises, to homeless conditions and addressing violent crime. To form the most effective partnerships, police leaders can benefit from a good grasp of the methods of public health. This chapter reveals how leveraging the concepts and measures within public health can allow police agencies to identify goals and problem-solving techniques that focus on concepts such as epidemiology and structural determinants of health to go beyond arrests, seizures, and crime rates, and to deliver public safety in collaboration with partners that minimizes negative collateral consequences for all. Chapter 13 - The role of police in the response to HIV Nick Crofts & David Patterson Police behaviours are the key determinants of the risk environment for many people at risk of HIV. This is especially the case for street-based communities of sex workers and people who inject drugs, but applies to other marginalised communities such as MSM and transgendered people, as well. The injurious impact of much police behaviour towards these communities has been well-documented. What is not so well-documented is how these behaviours can be changed, and how they are being changed, to make allies of police in the struggle against HIV rather than enemies. Police can play a vital role in facilitating access to life-saving services that seek to reduce the impact of HIV in their community. By ameliorating the potential harmful impacts of the application of criminal and administrative laws in some circumstances, and reducing stigmatization and discrimination to which key populations are exposed, police can play a vital leadership role in the fight against HIV and other harmful aspects of drug use. There is an increasing number and range of HIV prevention and care programs in which police are working as effective partners; this chapter critically evaluates the role of police in the HIV response and distills and learns from the experience of those working successfully with police against HIV and discrimination. Chapter 14 – Southern policing and the applicability of LEPH to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) Melissa Jardine & Auke van Dijk Explorations of law enforcement and public health (LEPH) issues have been concentrated in the global North (Punch & James, 2016) despite more than half of the world’s population being found in the global South and with much more diverse experiences. The utility of LEPH approaches as mechanisms for protecting public safety and enhancing community well-being are increasingly being examined with a view to developing a theoretical framework to analyse the multiple intersections of LEPH (van Dijk et al, 2019). Drawing on a Southern perspective (Connell, 2007; Carrington et al, 2016; Jardine, 2019), this chapter illuminates the importance of developing a LEPH framework that can account for the diversity of experience across both global North and South. We do this by drawing attention to a range of variables that shape knowledge of, or the design and implementation of, LEPH approaches – or their absence. These variables include examining the international environment, global information networks, and dissemination; political regimes and ideologies; national level/societal cultures; overarching policing paradigms; occupational cultures (i.e., police and health); individual conditions, vulnerable groups, and places; as well as tangible and intangible resources such as available infrastructure and levels of trust in public institutions, among others. The authors argue that these variables interact in myriad ways that are not necessarily unidirectional or linear, and subsequently have important implications for understanding the role of police services and other agencies in public protection in the global South. Chapter 15 – Emergency preparedness: law enforcement and health working together Karl Roberts (et al) The necessity for interoperability amongst health and law enforcement is at no time more relevant as it is now with the pandemic of COVID-19. Providing sufficient and appropriate support to manage the public’s health and safety requires close and effective collaboration. Chapter 16 – LEPH education Richard Southby, Inga Heyman, Isabelle Bartkowiak et al. Increasing expectations placed upon all sectors, including policing, will require each discipline to explore and reimagine what education and training is provided to current and future practitioners. This becomes further complicated when these sectors seek improved interoperability amongst each other. This chapter explores the challenges and opportunities that exist when developing and delivering LEPH education, and offers the audience suggestions and considerations for developing and delivering LEPH education within their respective area or discipline. These suggestions and considerations are drawn from the content of the chapters contained, as a conclusion to the textbook and encouragement for further research, collaboration, and action.Chapter 17 -- Policing PandemicsProfessor Karl Roberts, World Health Organisation, Western Sydney University and University of Johannesburg; Dr Victoria Herrington, Australian Institute of Police Management, Australia Currently the world is in the grip of a pandemic, COVID-19. This has presented many challenges to governments in general and to police in particular. Police have a significant role in a nation’s response to a pandemic carrying out a range of important functions. These might include enforcing quarantine, isolation, and travel bans; providing security to medical personnel; protecting and transporting medical equipment, vaccines, and medical samples; providing advice and reassurance to the public; supporting investigations into the source of an outbreak; identifying new cases of disease or who is at risk from it. In cases where a disease is suspected of having been started as a result of human action, law enforcement will likely take the lead in investigations to identify and bring the culprit to justice. All of these roles will be added to many of the usual policing duties required during a pandemic. There are, however, many challenges for police in responding to pandemics. They may be required to engage with agencies such as Public Health that they don’t normally work with. This can cause difficulties with lack of mutual understanding of processes, policies, and practices and lack of trust between agencies. Other challenges include protecting officers from infection, safe handling of samples, and effective management of stress, anxiety, and possible bereavement amongst police staff. All of this in a context of likely high staff attrition. This chapter explores policing during pandemics, the challenges faced by police, and potential solutions. Chapter 18 -- Role of Prosecutors in Achieving the Public Health Mission (TBD)Author(s) not yet confirmed.Abstract forthcoming

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Book SynopsisThe expanding remit of policing as a fundamental part of the public health continuum is increasingly acknowledged on the international scene. Similarly the growing role of health professionals as brokers of public safety means that the need for scholarly resources for developing knowledge and broadening theoretical positioning and questioning is becoming urgent and crucial. The fields of law enforcement and public health are beginning to understand the inextricable links between public safety and public health and the need to shift policies and practices towards more integrated practices. This book comes as a first, an utterly timely scholarly collection that brings together the views of multidisciplinary commentators on a wide range of issues and disciplines within the law enforcement and public health (LEPH) arena. The book addresses the more conceptual aspects of the relationship as well as more applied fields of collaboration, and the authors describe and analyze a range of service delivery examples taken from real-life instances of partnerships in action. Among the topics covered: ​Defund, Dismantle or Define Law Enforcement, Public Health, and Vulnerability Law Enforcement and Mental Health: The Missing Middle The Challenges of Sustaining Partnerships and the Diversification of Cultures Using Public Health Concepts and Metrics to Guide Policing Strategy and Practice Policing Pandemics Law Enforcement and Public Health: Partners for Community Safety and Wellbeing is essential reading for a wide array of professions and areas of expertise in the intersectoral field of LEPH. It is an indispensable resource for public health and law enforcement specialists (practitioners, educators, scholars, and researchers) and training programs across the world, as well as individuals interested in developing their knowledge and capacity to respond to complex LEPH issues in the field, including public prosecutors, coroners, and the judiciary. The text also can be used for undergraduate and postgraduate university policing, criminology, sociology, psychology, social work, public health, and medicine programs.Trade Review“This book is a collection of papers on topics where the law enforcement and public health industries intersect operationally and in a public policy sense. … This is an excellent reference work for police management, project and policy officers etc., who are interested in better aligning the efforts of policing with other public and private sector agencies, especially in complex policy spaces such as health and community wellbeing.” (APJ, Australian Police Journal, Vol. 76 (2), June, 2022)Table of Contents(Note that all chapters will feature case studies or vignette of approximately 500-750 words) Foreword: Safety and security: the shared space of law enforcement and public healthClifford Shearing, Scott Burris, & Jennifer Wood Law enforcement and public health are alike in many ways. Both are traditional government services that in modern times have been shared between public and private delivery systems. Both claim preventive roles in relation to social harms but devote considerable resources to responding to harms that have already occurred. Both are practiced within and as expressions of professional cultures. Both can create as well as alleviate harm. They share, to a considerable degree, the same operating spaces as they address specific ills like drug overdose, violence, road safety, and mental illness, and deeper social determinants of health and security like poverty and inequality. If we were organizing social services from scratch in 2021, we might well decide to organize law enforcement and public health services differently, but as things stand, the challenge is to consider how the two distinct projects can be better aligned for greater cooperation and effectiveness. The Law Enforcement and Public Health (LEPH) Education Special Interest Group of the Global LEPH Association has initiated this collection of papers on the many and diverse facets of the LEPH intersection. In this preface, the authors briefly consider the evolution of the “LEPH” idea, its promise and limitations, and offer some thoughts about the state of the field today. Preface: Conceptual and practice tensions in LEPH: Public health approaches to policing and police and public health collaborations Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron, James Clover, Denise Martin, Richard Southby, & Nick Crofts The Editorial Team will draft the Preface once the content of the textbook has been reviewed in its entirety. Chapter 1 – The historical public health and social work role of the police Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron, James Clover, Denise Martin, Richard Southby, & Nick Crofts Drawing on the works of Maurice Punch, Egon Bittner, and others, this chapter provides a historical foundation to the interplay, or sometime the lack thereof, of law enforcement and health systems coordinating responses to protect and support people in the community. As described by Punch (2019, p. ix): The notion of Law Enforcement and Public Health (LEPH) as a specified field for academic attention and professional practice is relatively recent (Anderson and Burris: 2017). It could be argued, however, that the issue of the interaction between the two “systems” – albeit in different ways and forms – is not all that new and is, in fact, a perennial one which long predates the formation of modern agencies of law enforcement and public health. This chapter also includes professional reflections from members of the Editorial team on their experience of the interplay, or lack thereof, between systems. Chapter 2 - Crime reduction and community well-being through community mobilization and leadership Norm Taylor, Cal Corley, Dale McFee & Matthew Torigian. In this chapter, two police executives and two executive advisors collaborate to share their informed perspectives and to explore new forms of police leadership that have emerged over the past decade, leading to broad systemic changes in criminal justice and human services delivery across Canada. Most of what Canadian police officers attend to daily has little to do with criminality. In fact, almost 74% of calls for service involve mental health and addictions, anti-social behaviour, and other social issues. And, the backgrounds of most criminals suggest problems earlier in life, including absent parenting, early development and education, mental health and addictions, inadequate housing, and continuing poverty. Recognizing that the police cannot ‘arrest their way out’ of these situations, and that the policing sector is itself faced with continuing economic pressures, Canadian governments, community-based organizations, the private sector, and academia have been thinking differently about how policing and related human services are organized and delivered to achieve improved outcomes for at-risk individuals, families, and communities. The clear consensus is that more integrated, multi-disciplinary approaches, focused both in the present and upstream, are essential if full capacity is to be applied and real improvements are to occur. Most of the vexing problems facing our communities do not fit nicely within the mandate or realm of any single organization. Traditional government structures do not align with most of the most pressing issues affecting individuals, families, and communities. Manoeuvring through the maze of siloed systems, processes, and procedures is time-consuming and duplicates energies that could otherwise be focused on achieving results. Many are content to work within the existing system. But there is a growing cadre of forward thinking, innovative, and results-oriented police leaders who are actively challenging the status quo and mobilizing action across sectors. In a historical analysis of policing since the mid-1730s, Kempa (2014) argues that policing is in a period of significant transition, shaped by a number of economic, social, and other drivers. History has shown that such periods of transition are marked by considerable experimentation and a challenging of traditional ways of doing things.The last to change are always the legislative and policy underpinnings across the range of human, information sharing, privacy, and criminal justice systems. But the first to change can be traced to innovative forms of leadership. Persevering and achieving results during such transitionary times is often not for the faint of heart. Conventional, hierarchical, and agency-specific leadership habits are most often inadequate for moving an entire complex and multidisciplinary system into action. This chapter traces recent experiences in Canada where results-oriented police leaders have been able to bend the system, to work across disciplines, and to effectively mobilize both traditional and non-traditional partners in the quest to markedly improve community safety and well-being outcomes. These stories can help others in shaping new pathways forward within each unique context. The chapter includes several case examples, framed by an analysis of the essential ingredients in leading for leverage. Chapter 3 – Police officers as public health interventionists and health practitioners as public safety brokers: are these really roles at the margin?Auke J. van Dijk & Jennifer D. Wood For most police officers, public health interventions are not seen as their core business but it probably is If only 20% of police time is spent on things that are related to crime, should we associate police work primarily with the criminal justice system? Public health practitioners in neighbourhoods are not primarily working from a medical perspective, their work is – or should be – community-based or at least community-informed and engaged with the overall public safety. In some cases it is public safety that defines the logic behind public health, like with acute high epidemic and pandemic risks. At the very least both professions have a considerable overlap, and what is needed at this intersection is a common perspective on that shared part of the profession. This chapter treats this overlap as if it were a profession in its own right – and follows the classical definition of a profession consisting of a body of knowledge, body of practice (skills), and a code of ethics. Ethics is a crucial issue in this context, especially the use of force and the potential friction between individual rights and population outcomes. This translates directly in decisions around e.g., information exchange. Part of shared ethics should be the prevention of crisis and coercion. Interesting enough both professions have a tendency to favor ‘crisis’ over ‘lack of clarity’, clearly at the detriment of individual persons as well as community safety and well-being. Chapter 4 – The challenges of sustaining partnerships and the diversification of cultures Denise Martin & William Graham Partnership working and the willingness of different service to collaborate is critical to the success of Law Enforcement and Public Health initiatives. While partnership approaches are not new and can be shown to operate successfully, there are continued challenges around sustaining partnerships in the longer term. Content explores the commonly cited contributory factors that can undermine longevity of collaborations. These factors include short-term planning cycles, limited resources, shifting priorities, and political pressures. This chapter proposes that these pressures often contribute to the reinforcing of siloed approaches and retreatism back into organisational cultures and norms as a way of managing hurdles that these challenges raise. Using examples from the experience of the authors, this chapter provides examples of partnership success and propose ways that using these success indicators might be useful when considering how to sustain partnerships to enable better working across the LEPH interface. Chapter 5 – Law enforcement and mental health: The missing middle Stuart DM Thomas, Inga Heyman, Chris White & Nadine Dougall Commonly, in the course of their duties, the police will come into contact with people who have a lived experience of mental illness. It is acknowledged that these contacts can and do happen for a wide variety of reasons and in a broad range of circumstances. Increasingly, police have found that they are responding to call outs and situations involving people experiencing a mental health crisis. While there are ongoing tensions among the police, and community members, about whether this should even be considered ‘police work’ or not, the reality of this situation has required police, health, and social welfare services to develop both local and organisation-level partnerships to help articulate and delineate roles, functions, and professional boundaries. This chapter considers the development and function of these partnerships as they relate to responding to mental health-related situations. We argue that current partnerships are failing to meet the needs of the ‘missing middle’; this group represents a significant proportion of the population who have mental health-related needs but do not meet the threshold for admission to public mental health services, and for whom other community-based care and support are insufficient. The chapter authors exemplify these limitations by focusing on mental health presentations to Emergency Departments and look to pockets of innovation internationally that have sought to address what represents a significant unmet need. Chapter 6 – Violence as a public health issue, and its prevention Stan Gilmour, Richard Bent, Guy Lamb, Zara Quigg Violence and its prevention are of major relevance to overall public health and safety, and the necessary adjustment in how social policy responds to violence in the community calls for integrated partnership. Violence Reduction Units involving close collaborations have been critical in the development of public health approaches to violence prevention. Non-governmental groups such as Cure Violence, whose mission is to reduce violence globally using disease control and the support of behaviour change, are showing promise on the response to managing community violence. Equally there is evidence that governments are recognizing the overwhelming connection between violence and missing social determinants of health, as exemplified by the work being directed by the Mayor of London (UK) Sadiq Khan. This chapter informs the audience to the growing body of knowledge that supports the links between violence and public health. Chapter 7 – LEPH, ethnic minorities, and socio-cultural diversity Author(s) not yet confirmed Any social policy response, whether in policing, health, or similar disciplines, must take into account the uniqueness and the vulnerabilities that exist within and amongst our diverse communities within society. Ethnic and racialized minorities, including indigenous communities, are at often vastly increased risk of involvement with criminal justice and have very impaired health indicators. Chapter 8 - First responders' stress and resilience as a matter of the public health Katy Kamkar & Grant Edwards The nature of the policing requires regular engagement in traumatic events. Coupled with shift work, long hours, poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and at a ready state of continual hyper-vigilance, police are increasingly suffering psychological injuries. In this chapter, Commander Grant Edwards relates his personal experiences in how he developed and has dealt with mental health trauma. The health of our police organizations needs to be a consideration as part of the overall public health, and these stories and lessons are applicable to many sectors in society. Content includes the importance of healthy organizational culture and leadership, steps for police workplace mental health strategy including interventions at individual and organizational levels, and the topic of moral suffering in police work, compassion fatigue, and burnout, along with modifiable factors including all of the above mentioned to mitigate risk to psychological injuries. Chapter 9 – Alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs: crimes vs. public health issues Author(s) not yet confirmed. Many communities struggle with the impact of substance use and addiction, whether of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs. There is much tension between criminal justice approaches and public health approaches to issues around psychoactive substances, with a generally agreed role for police in regulation and reduction of harm related to the use of legal substances, but much contention about roles and responsibilities in relation to drugs currently classified as illegal. Chapter 10 – LEPH and vulnerability Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron & Nicole Asquith There is now widespread scholarly and practice agreement that vulnerability is at the very core of law enforcement and public health partnerships. Practitioners also agree that 'clients' are the same across sectors: police often encounter individuals who have been receiving the care of public health practitioners, or, at the very least, been on the radar of these practitioners. Legislation and policy have, however, remained shy in approaching joint definitions of vulnerability that would help disciplinary and practice collaborations in the field, despite calls for collaboration across sectors. As a result, siloed practices remain the norm and are quickly becoming outdated in terms of service delivery efficiency and appropriate care. This chapter identifies the reasons why seeking a better integration of practice across all sectors is a worthwhile pursuit. The content argues that the futility of debates around disciplinary specificity and fenced-in budgets are at the detriment of better-targeted, holistic service delivery for vulnerable people. It also goes against economic arguments that constantly ask for rationalisation. On the contrary: multidisciplinary practice in law enforcement and public health can show significant return on investment and timely recuperation of costs. Chapter 11 – Epidemiological Criminology Bridging the Knowledge Gap: Developing a National Training Model for Law Enforcement and Public Health Professionals from an Epidemiological Criminology Perspective Timothy A. Akers, Rodney Hill, Paul Archibald, Tina Billington-Hughes, & William Hervey “Toto, I have a feeling we’re not in Kansas anymore.” A well-known quote from The Wizard of Oz is very applicable to the topic of this chapter, Epidemiological Criminology (“EpiCrim”). EpiCrim is an emerging theoretical and practical framework that can bridge the knowledge gap between academies and professionals in law enforcement and public health. The emergence of new modalities, techniques, and approaches among the biological, psychological, sociological, and environmental determinants can further bring forth both the subtle and overt practices across these seemingly diverse professions. Law Enforcement has always seen the public’s health as their basic tenet while public health has teetered back and forth between enforcement and prevention. Epidemiological Criminology also integrates both the subtle and overt distinctions between the biomedical and behavioral disparities common to these perspectives while, at the same time, introduces new insights, models, and approaches to the centuries-old ways both professions recruit, train, and practice. Chapter 12 – Evidence-informed policing: Using public health metrics and evidence to shape policing strategy and practice. Brandon del Pozo As the challenges communities face become more complex, police are being asked to form closer partnerships with other institutions and agencies in all aspects of their work, from response to mental health and drug crises, to homeless conditions and addressing violent crime. To form the most effective partnerships, police leaders can benefit from a good grasp of the methods of public health. This chapter reveals how leveraging the concepts and measures within public health can allow police agencies to identify goals and problem-solving techniques that focus on concepts such as epidemiology and structural determinants of health to go beyond arrests, seizures, and crime rates, and to deliver public safety in collaboration with partners that minimizes negative collateral consequences for all. Chapter 13 - The role of police in the response to HIV Nick Crofts & David Patterson Police behaviours are the key determinants of the risk environment for many people at risk of HIV. This is especially the case for street-based communities of sex workers and people who inject drugs, but applies to other marginalised communities such as MSM and transgendered people, as well. The injurious impact of much police behaviour towards these communities has been well-documented. What is not so well-documented is how these behaviours can be changed, and how they are being changed, to make allies of police in the struggle against HIV rather than enemies. Police can play a vital role in facilitating access to life-saving services that seek to reduce the impact of HIV in their community. By ameliorating the potential harmful impacts of the application of criminal and administrative laws in some circumstances, and reducing stigmatization and discrimination to which key populations are exposed, police can play a vital leadership role in the fight against HIV and other harmful aspects of drug use. There is an increasing number and range of HIV prevention and care programs in which police are working as effective partners; this chapter critically evaluates the role of police in the HIV response and distills and learns from the experience of those working successfully with police against HIV and discrimination. Chapter 14 – Southern policing and the applicability of LEPH to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) Melissa Jardine & Auke van Dijk Explorations of law enforcement and public health (LEPH) issues have been concentrated in the global North (Punch & James, 2016) despite more than half of the world’s population being found in the global South and with much more diverse experiences. The utility of LEPH approaches as mechanisms for protecting public safety and enhancing community well-being are increasingly being examined with a view to developing a theoretical framework to analyse the multiple intersections of LEPH (van Dijk et al, 2019). Drawing on a Southern perspective (Connell, 2007; Carrington et al, 2016; Jardine, 2019), this chapter illuminates the importance of developing a LEPH framework that can account for the diversity of experience across both global North and South. We do this by drawing attention to a range of variables that shape knowledge of, or the design and implementation of, LEPH approaches – or their absence. These variables include examining the international environment, global information networks, and dissemination; political regimes and ideologies; national level/societal cultures; overarching policing paradigms; occupational cultures (i.e., police and health); individual conditions, vulnerable groups, and places; as well as tangible and intangible resources such as available infrastructure and levels of trust in public institutions, among others. The authors argue that these variables interact in myriad ways that are not necessarily unidirectional or linear, and subsequently have important implications for understanding the role of police services and other agencies in public protection in the global South. Chapter 15 – Emergency preparedness: law enforcement and health working together Karl Roberts (et al) The necessity for interoperability amongst health and law enforcement is at no time more relevant as it is now with the pandemic of COVID-19. Providing sufficient and appropriate support to manage the public’s health and safety requires close and effective collaboration. Chapter 16 – LEPH education Richard Southby, Inga Heyman, Isabelle Bartkowiak et al. Increasing expectations placed upon all sectors, including policing, will require each discipline to explore and reimagine what education and training is provided to current and future practitioners. This becomes further complicated when these sectors seek improved interoperability amongst each other. This chapter explores the challenges and opportunities that exist when developing and delivering LEPH education, and offers the audience suggestions and considerations for developing and delivering LEPH education within their respective area or discipline. These suggestions and considerations are drawn from the content of the chapters contained, as a conclusion to the textbook and encouragement for further research, collaboration, and action.Chapter 17 -- Policing PandemicsProfessor Karl Roberts, World Health Organisation, Western Sydney University and University of Johannesburg; Dr Victoria Herrington, Australian Institute of Police Management, Australia Currently the world is in the grip of a pandemic, COVID-19. This has presented many challenges to governments in general and to police in particular. Police have a significant role in a nation’s response to a pandemic carrying out a range of important functions. These might include enforcing quarantine, isolation, and travel bans; providing security to medical personnel; protecting and transporting medical equipment, vaccines, and medical samples; providing advice and reassurance to the public; supporting investigations into the source of an outbreak; identifying new cases of disease or who is at risk from it. In cases where a disease is suspected of having been started as a result of human action, law enforcement will likely take the lead in investigations to identify and bring the culprit to justice. All of these roles will be added to many of the usual policing duties required during a pandemic. There are, however, many challenges for police in responding to pandemics. They may be required to engage with agencies such as Public Health that they don’t normally work with. This can cause difficulties with lack of mutual understanding of processes, policies, and practices and lack of trust between agencies. Other challenges include protecting officers from infection, safe handling of samples, and effective management of stress, anxiety, and possible bereavement amongst police staff. All of this in a context of likely high staff attrition. This chapter explores policing during pandemics, the challenges faced by police, and potential solutions. Chapter 18 -- Role of Prosecutors in Achieving the Public Health Mission (TBD)Author(s) not yet confirmed.Abstract forthcoming

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Book SynopsisThis book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies.Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.Table of ContentsAcknowledgment1. The Rise of Biometric Identification, Fingerprints and Applied Ethics2. Facial Recognition and Privacy Rights3. DNA Identification, Joint Rights and Collective Responsibility4. Biometric and Non-Biometric Integration: Dual Use Dilemmas5. The Future of Biometrics and Liberal DemocracyIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the displacement and convergence of transnational crimes in North Africa and in the area of the Mediterranean Sea, providing empirical analysis of human smuggling and of drug trafficking. It discusses the displacement of crime due to the exploitation of asymmetries in legislation, law enforcement, and other vulnerabilities. Using an innovative multimethodology, this volume describes the evolution of illicit flows related to human smuggling and trafficking of illicit goods. This approach helps to provide critical information such as traffickers’ modi operandi, most exploited paths, and trafficked goods, that would not be achievable through more traditional methods. The Evolution of Illicit Flows will be a valuable resource for scholars and researchers of criminology and migration studies, as well as for policymakers and law enforcement working in transnational crimes and trafficking.Table of ContentsPART I CONCEPTS, THEORIES, HISTORY, AND PERSPECTIVES 1. The Displacement and Convergence of Transnational Crime2. Drug Trafficking; Latest Evolutions Interesting North Africa3. Human Trafficking; Overview of the Convergence and Displacement in North Africa4. An Historical Perspective on Trafficking in North Africa and the Mediterranean Sea5. A Comparative Analysis of the Eastern and the Central Mediterranean Route for Human Smuggling6. Differences and Similitudes Between Human Smuggling in North Africa and in Mexico/Central America PART II TOPICAL ANALYSES IN CONVERGENCE AND DISPLACEMENT OF TRANSNATIONAL CRIMES 7. The Role of Violent Non-State Actors in Libya 8. Displacement of Human Smuggling in Response to Regulatory Changes: A Discontinuity Study 9. Convergence Between Human Smuggling and Transnational Crimes in the Mediterranean Area10. Evolution of Drug Trafficking Networks Across the Mediterranean Sea: A Text Mining Approach 11. Can Anybody Control Migration Flows? Examining the Effects of the Italian 2017-2018 Policy Against Illegal Immigration12. Convergence Between Wild Life Crime and Drug Trafficking/Human SmugglingPART III IMPLICATIONS, CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 13. A Different Country a Different Rule: Asymmetries in Law and Regulations on Transnational Crimes 14. Countering Transnational Crime: An Overview of the Most Impactful Strategies and Actions at the EU External Borders15. Individual Perspectives on Crime Displacement and Convergence in North Africa16. Future Directions in the Fight Against—and in the Study of—Transnational Crimes

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the contours of the code of silence and provides policy recommendations geared toward creating an environment less conducive for police misconduct. It responds to the recent calls for police reform, in the wake of the perceived illegitimacy of police actions and the protection that the code of silence seems to provide to the police officers who violate the official rules. Using a case study of a medium-sized U.S. police agency, this book employs the lens of police integrity theory to provide empirically grounded explanations of the code of silence. It examines the potential effects of organizational factors and the attitudes of individual police officers on their willingness to adhere to the code of silence in cases of police corruption, the use of excessive force, interpersonal deviance, and organizational deviance. The book focuses on the following factors that could influence the police code of silence in the times of change: The impact of organizational rule dissemination, discipline, and disciplinary fairness on the scope of the code of silence The role organizational justice plays in shaping police officer willingness to report misconduct The effect that police officers’ self-legitimacy has on their decisions to adhere to the code The influence of peer culture on individual police officer amenability to maintain the code The relationship between officers’ views of themselves, the organization, and the community on their willingness to report misconduct Table of Contents1. The pressing need to study the code of silence.- 2. Code of silence and the theory of police integrity.- 3. Code of silence and police self-legitimacy.- 4. Code of silence and the police organization.- 5. Code of silence and the society at large.- 6. Lessons learned.

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Book SynopsisCriminology has until recently neglected the nature and levels of crime outside the urban realm. This is not a surprise as crime tends to concentrate in urban areas and the police directs resources where the problems are. Yet, there are many reasons why scholars, decision-makers and society as a whole should care about crime and safety in rural areas. This book highlights 20 reasons why crime and safety in rural areas is a topic of relevance. We attempt to untangle currently simplistic views of the rural by discussing a number of facets of the countryside as both safe and criminogenic, and more importantly, a hybrid place worth to be examined in its own right. We adopt the notion of a rural-urban continuum that captures the nuances of places of varied nature, spanning from remote and desolate spaces to accessible and connected environments of the urban fringe. Areas on the rural-urban continuum may be in constant transformation given local and global influences, which imposes challenges for policing and long-term social sustainability.Then, the book critically reviews a rich body of English-language literature in rural criminology that extends over more than four decades—a scholarship that has engaged researchers and practitioners in all continents. The books finishes with a discussion of the emergent research questions of the field, and offers implications for practice and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.Trade Review“The book is ambitious for a self-defined ‘extended essay,’ but is written in a clear, concise and engaging manner. The authors are skilled writers and demonstrate a solid understanding of academic research, the wide range of topics and literature surveyed, and the needs of the intended audiences. In summary, Crime and Safety in Rural Areas is a book which is useful and will be used often.” (James Windle, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, Vol. 25 (4), 2023)​Table of Contents1) Crime and safety in rural areas2) Reasons why crime and safety in rural areas matter3) Current knowledge on crime and safety in rural areas4) Crime, offenders and victims5) Safety perceptions in rural areas6) Police and criminal justice7) Crime prevention and safety interventions8) Emergent topics in research in rural areas9) Implications for practice10) Conclusions and recommendations

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Book SynopsisThis edited collection showcases innovative, up and coming researchers’ work in the field of sex work studies across labour/work and relationships. This research is pushing the boundaries of the subject, asking new questions, carving new methodological terrain, and contributing new ideas and empirical findings to the existing literature. Drawing on sociology, criminology, media studies, social and health policy, law and socio-legal studies, the chapters reflect a range of new topics in the sex work studies literature such as religious readings, porn workers and their interactions with fans; romantic relationships, and humour at work. Studies are drawn from Europe, South America, Turkey, Ireland, New Zealand and the USA. This book speaks to academics across the social sciences and humanities who are interested in sex work studies.Table of ContentsIntroduction to the book – Sanders, McGarry and RyanPart One: Work, Labour and RelationsChapter 1: Celebrity, Trophy Hunting and the ‘Porn Star’. Dr Caroline West, Dublin City UniversityChapter 2: Sex workers rights are human rights. Or not? The art of stealing back human rights. Marjan Wijers, University of EssexChapter 3: The interconnectivity of the sex industry: The relationship of lap dancers with the wider sex working community in the UK. Tess Herrmann, University of York Chapter 4: "It's Not Easy": Sex Worker Subjectivity and Formation of Feminist Standpoints. Jessica Van MeirChapter 5: Timely Telling Tweets: Amsterdam window sex worker tweets on the future legislation proposals of window prostitution. Dr Donna Finer, UCLANPart Two: Relationships, Identity and HarmChapter 6: An epistemic approach to the ethics and health of sex workers’ romantic relationships. Bella MatosChapter 7: The Family Business – Intergenerational Sexual Exploitation. Rachel Searcey, University of LoughboroughChapter 8: An exploration of the dimensions of healthcare access for sex workers: A review of the literature in Ireland and New Zealand. Zoe McCormack, Maynooth University, Ireland.Chapter 9: Correlates of Client-perpetrated violence against female sex workers in Bogata. Carlos Iglesias. University of ManchesterChapter 10: Humor in a Serious Business: Trans Sex Workers in Turkey. Ezgi Guler. European University InstituteChapter 11: Reading in and writing out: sex work, biblical interpretation and the politics of in/decency. Bea Fones.

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Book SynopsisThis open access book provides insights into the everyday lives of long-term prisoners in Switzerland who are labelled as ‘dangerous’ and are preventatively held in indefinite, probably lifelong, incarceration. It explores prisoners’ manifold ways of inhabiting the prison which can be used to challenge well established notions about the experience of imprisonment, such as ‘adaptation’, ‘coping’, and ‘resistance’. Drawing on ethnographic data generated in two high-security prisons housing male offenders, this book explores how the various spaces of the prison affect prisoners’ sense of self and experience of time, and how, in particular, the indeterminate nature of their imprisonment affects their perceptions of place and space.It sheds light on prisoners’ subjective, emplaced and embodied perceptions of the prisons' various everyday time-spaces in the cell, at work, and during leisure time, and the forms of agency they express. It provides insight into prisoners’ everyday habits, practices, routines, and rhythms as well as the profoundly existential issues that are engendered, (re)arranged, and anchored in these everyday contexts. It also offers insights into the penal policies, norms, and practices developed and followed by prison authorities and staff.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Indefinite confinement in Switzerland.- 3. Space, time, embodiment.- 4. Institutional context, key actors, sentenced prisoners.- 5. In the prison cell.- 6. At work.- 7. During leisure time.- 8. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisThis handbook provides a unique overview of rehabilitation as practiced internationally in criminal justice. Through the contributions of a diverse group that includes, among others, academics (some of whom are former practitioners), research students, a judge, and a probation chief, it reflects common features of criminal justice in different countries and documents their diversity and celebrates their vitality. In recent times the idea of ‘law and order’ has been expropriated by populist, authoritarian and doctrinaire regimes, almost always and nearly everywhere in the service of arbitrary and unjust rule. By and large this handbook does not include such regimes. But ‘law’ itself also has the capacity to constrain rulers, and ‘order’ in the form of social peace is a universally approved civic asset. In part, the book provides a counter-narrative demonstrating that although criminal justice dispositions such as probation, prisons, and parole can be represented as a ‘via dolorosa’, rehabilitation as illustrated in these pages can become a journey that leads by degrees towards the possibility of a better life. The handbook will be of interest to students, academics, practitioners, managers, policy makers and all those who wish to gain insight into the why and the how of rehabilitation in criminal justice systems across the world. Trade Review“This collection provides a clarion call for a reimagined rehabilitative endeavour that is rooted in these values ... is culturally sensitive and seeks to heal the harms resulting from criminality rather than compound them.” (Lawrence Burke, Current Issues in Criminal Justice, November 29, 2023)“The handbook features a superb collection of thirty-seven substantive chapters, written by more than sixty contributors. The breadth and depth of the material is impressive … . a handbook that not only shines light on the diversity of rehabilitative work across the globe but instils a sense of hope, passion and empathy in the reader situates The Palgrave Handbook of Global Rehabilitation in Criminal Justice as an essential read for anyone interested in the theory, policy and/or practice of rehabilitation.” (Helena Gosling, International Criminology, September 13, 2023)“I found this book to be inspirational – and a constant reminder of the brilliant work that is attempted in the world of a rehabilitative ideal, often in the face of adverse conditions. … A fascinating book, well worth reading in full, or dipping in and out of.” (Chris Martin, BJCJ - The British Journal of Community Justice, July 26, 2023)Table of ContentsContents List of Tables and Figures Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors 1 Prospect Maurice Vanstone and Philip Priestley 2 Law, Economic Crisis, and Diversity. An Overview of Rehabilitation in Argentina María Jimena Monsalve 3 Rehabilitation and Beyond in Settler Colonial Australia: Current and Future Directions in Policy and Practice Sophie Russell, James Beaufils and Chris Cunneen 4 Exploring Expectations and Realities of Rehabilitation in the Canadian Context Katharina Maier and Rosemary Ricciardelli 5 History and transformations of the model of rehabilitation in the criminal justice system in Chile Carolina Aurora Villagra 6 Rehabilitation in a Risk Society: ‘The Case of China’ Enshen Li 7 Penitentiary System in Colombia José Ignacio Ruiz Pérez 8 Rehabilitation practices in the Adult Criminal Justice System in England and Wales John Deering and Martine Feilzer 9 Blending Culture, Religion, and the Yellow Ribbon Program: Rehabilitation in Fiji John Whitehead and Lennon Chang 10 Rehabilitation Aims and Values in Finnish (and Nordic) Criminal Justice Tapio Lappi-Seppälä 11 Executive managerialism, frantic law reform, but desistance culture Martina Herzog-Evans 12 Rehabilitation in Ghana: Assessing Prison Conditions and Effectiveness of Interventions for Incarcerated Adults Kofi Boakye, Thomas Akoensi and Frank Baffour 13 Approaches to Rehabilitation in Hong Kong Wing Hong Chui 14 From need-based to control-based rehabilitation: the Hungarian case Klára Kerezsi and Judit Szabó 15 A critical commentary on rehabilitation of offenders in India Debarati Halder 16 Beyond the treatment paradigm: Expanding the rehabilitative imagination in rehabilitation in Ireland Deidre Healey 17 Serving a Sentence in Italy: Old and New Challenges Luisa Ravagnani and Carlo Alberto Romano 18 Community-based rehabilitation in Japan: Some unique characteristics of Japanese system and recent developments Kei Someda 19 Criminal rehabilitation in Kenya: opportunities and pitfalls Karatu Kiemo 20 Framing and reframing rehabilitation in criminal justice in Latvia Anvars Zavackis and Janis Nicmanis 21 Criminal Justice Rehabilitation in Macao, China. Suspended citizenship Donna Soi Wan Leong and Jianhong Liu 22 The legal flaws and material implementation gaps of Mexico’s rehabilitation paradigm Corina Giacomello 23 Rehabilitation within the Criminal-Legal System in Missouri K. E. Canada and S. O’Kelley. 24 Rehabilitation, Restoration and Reintegration in Aotearoa New Zealand Alice Mills and Robert Webb 25 Resocialisation and re-integration in the Netherlands: political narrative versus reality Sonja Meijer and Elanie Rodermond 26 An overview of rehabilitation mechanisms in Nigeria’s criminal justice system Emmanuel C. Onyeozili and Bonaventure Chigozie Uzoh 27 Northern Ireland Shadd Maruna and Brian Payne 28 Penal welfarism and rehabilitation in Norway: ambitions, strengths and challenges John Todd-Kvam 29 Rehabilitation in Romania - the first 100 years Ioan Durnescu, Andrada Istrate, Iuliana Carbunaru 30 Rehabilitation of Offenders in the Scottish Criminal Justice System Liz Gilchrist and Amy Johnson 31 Offender Rehabilitation Approaches in South Africa: An Evidence Based Analysis Shanta Balgobind Singh, Patrick Bashizi Bashige Murhula 32 Rehabilitation in Spain: between legal intentions and institutional limitations Ester Blay 33 Criminal Justice Rehabilitation in Sweden. Towards an Integrative Model Martin Lardén 34 Rehabilitation in Taiwan Susyan Jou, Shang-Kai Shen, Bill Hebenton 35 Rehabilitation and the Adult Correctional Population in Texas Anita Kalunta Crumpton 36 Key Practices in Thai Prisons: Rehabilitation Nathee Chitsawang, Pimporn Netrabukkana 37 Probation and the prevention of recidivism in Tunisia: still uncertain beginnings Philippe Pottier 38 The unfinished symphony: progress and setbacks towards a rehabilitation policy in Uruguay Ana Vigna and Ana Juanche Molina 39 Re-entry and Reintegration in Virginia, U.S. Danielle S. Rudes, Benjamin Mackey, and Madeline McPherson 40 Retrospect Philip Priestley and Maurice Vanstone Index

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Book SynopsisThis brief maps the available data augmented by expert interviews on the impact of the Covid-19 measures on DV in eight European Member States during the first lock-down. The volume addresses an on-going situation, additionally complicated by renewed lockdown restrictions during autumn and early winter 2020. It assesses the assumptions of an imminent wave of domestic violence against reliable data from crime statistics, surveys, and various institutions responding to domestic violence. Collecting partner country reports from Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Portugal, Scotland and Slovenia, it demonstrates the effects that lockdown measures starting March 2020 had on reported DV incidents. It considers the differences between each country with respect to policing, legal systems, social and cultural factors and highlights best practices to prevent conditions resulting from Covid-19 lockdown undermining victims’ security and frontline responders’ capacities to provide services and prevent domestic violence.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Comparative trends of domestic violence.- Chapter 3. Human factors of domestic violence affected by Covid-19.- Chapter 4. Country reports: development and response to DV in eight member states.- Chapter 5. Key findings, best practices, and recommendations.

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Book SynopsisThis book critically examines the development of the ‘stirring up hatred’ offences which are currently found within the UK’s Public Order Act 1986. Through a critical discourse analysis of key excerpts of parliamentary Hansard, the book constructs a detailed genealogy of the offences from the perspectives that shaped them. A novel application of theory on 'myth' is used to navigate the complex arguments and to trace ideas about identity and order across parliamentary debates, from fears of Fascism in the 1930s to condemnations of homophobia in the early 21st century. The story of the stirring up hatred offences told in this book therefore extends far beyond the traditional frame of a dilemma between regulating hate speech and safeguarding free speech: it is inextricably entwined with myths about law, race and national identity, and speaks to wider themes of coloniality, neoliberalism, white entitlement, British-Christian exceptionalism and the innocence of law. Written in an accessible and engaging style, this book challenges a wide range of assumptions about hate speech law and raises a series of considerations for developing forms of accountability that are less complicit in the harms that they are supposed to redress.Table of Contents1 Introduction.- 2 Myth, Identity, Order.- 3 Peace and Liberty: The Public Order Act 1936.- 4 Race and Order: Stirring Up Racial Hatred.- 5 Class and Control: The Public Order Act 1986.- 6 Being and Believing: Stirring Up Religious Hatred.- 7 Progress and Tradition: Stirring Up Hatred on Grounds of Sexual Orientation.- 8 Conclusions: From Myth to Fantasy.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a socio-criminological study of environmental crime in the global South. It gathers contributors from all the regions of the geographical global South (Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America) to discuss instances of environmental crime and conflict. Overall, it seeks to further decolonise the knowledge production of green criminology. It considers the legacy of colonisation, North-South and the core-periphery divides in the production of environmental crime, the epistemological contributions of the marginalised, impoverished, and oppressed, and the unique contexts of the global South. This book has three sections: drivers of green crime in the global South; responses to environmental harm in the global South; and global dialogues about crime and destruction in the global South. The first two sections represent the breadth of the topics that green criminologists have historically studied but from unique perspectives. The third section explores ethical and decolonial ways for Southern green criminology to collaborate with Western academia. This book speaks to scholars in criminology, political ecology, decolonial theory, along with the many readers interested in the interactions between humans and nature. Table of ContentsTable of contents 1. Southern green criminology: Fundamental concepts. I. Drivers of green crime in the global South. 2. The state-corporate crime of extractive industries. 3. Mass extraction and green crime victimization in Turkey. 4. Environmental exploitation and violence against Indigenous people in Mexico. 5. Appropriating the commons: Tea estates and conflict over water in southern Malawi 6. Political Economy and the Government Attack on Sharks – a non-speciesist Southern green criminology II. Responses to environmental crime in the global South. 7. Green Potential in the Global South: The Phulbari Movement in neoliberal Bangladesh. 8. Latin American green Criminology and the limits of restorative justice: An analysis of the Samarco case 9. Beyond retributive justice: Listening to environmental victims’ demands in Brazil 10. Pop culture as environmental education in Japan: The case of Hayao Miyazak’s Kaze-no-tani-no-Naushika III. Global dialogues about crime and destruction in the South. 11. Revisiting Rosa: Eco-bio-genocide, drug wars, and Southern green criminology. 12. Colonialism, Knowledge, and the White Man’s Burden.

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Book SynopsisBased upon global data and following on from Lockdown: Social Harm in the COVID-19 Era, this book discusses the rise of surveillance capitalism and new forms of control and exclusion throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. It particularly addresses the use of vaccine passports, mandates and the new forms of capital extraction and political control that emerged throughout the pandemic. The book also explicates how the ‘vaccine hesitant’ became marginalized in both mainstream discourse and through regulatory interventions. Whilst the book addresses the wider political economy within which so-called ‘anti-vaxxers’ were ostracized, it also explores the complex nature of their sentiments. The book closes by considering The New Futures of Exclusion, outlining the forms of surveillance and control that may be implemented in the future particularly in light of the challenges brought by global warming and the energy transition. It is a broadly accessible text, particularly appealing to policymakers, general readers and academics in sociology, political sociology, politics, human geography, political economy, criminology, social policy, psychology, history, and infectious diseases and medicine.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The story so far.- 1 Freedom withdrawals and the trade-off for compliance.- 2 Harmalogical pharmacology and the Covid-19 vaccine.- 3 Technocratic feudalism and the new surveillance governance.- 4 Digital apartheids and the ‘Other’.- 5 Asymptomatic freedom, resistance and the ‘anti-vaxxers’.- 6 Heavy hands and iron fists against high social fevers.- 7 The new futures of exclusion.

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Book SynopsisIntroduction Chapter 1: Favela/Asphalt.- Chapter 2: Policing in Rio de Janeiro.- Chapter 3: Pacification and Militarization.- Chapter 4: War Zones.- Chapter 5: Violent Masculinities.- Chapter 6: Training Warriors.- Chapter 7: The World of Warfare.- Chapter 8: Fascism in Brazil.

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction.- 2.Cyber Crime in Nigeria Reviewing the problems.- 3. Methodology.- 4. Nigerian Financial Crimes Agencies and the Nigerian Police Force research findings on forensic digital readiness.- 5. Implications for Financial Crime in Nigeria.- 6. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Introduction.- Section 1: Multi-agency and community-based systems responses and applications.- Chapter 2: A systems approach analysis of a multi-agency response to domestic abuse.- Chapter 3: Promoting better outcomes for migrant victim-survivors through community-based systems interactions and levers of change.- Section 2: Tools and conceptual ideas for engendering systems thinking.- Chapter 4: A socio-technical approach to researching technologically facilitated intimate abuse.- Chapter 5: In search of hopes for change: what can systems thinking offer racial justice-oriented networks aimed at tackling systemic invisibility of Black, Brown, and other racially minoritised voices in the VAWG/DASV sphere.- Chapter 6: Transforming consciousness to change systems: Deploying critical systems thinking to enhance Rape Crisis Centre training.- Section 3: Other Institutional Responses and Applications of Systems Approaches.- Chapter 7: A systems approach to preventing and respond

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Book SynopsisChapter 1:Introduction: Motherhood, Everyday Life and Peace Processes.- Chapter 2:Motherhood during the Troubles'.- Chapter 3:Motherhood in the Peace Process: Maternal Perceptions of Risks in the Shifting Political Landscapes.- Chapter 4:Motherhood and Reconstruction of the Social Order in the Peace Process.- Chapter 5:Comparing Stories of Motherhood in a Deeply Divided Society: Intergenerational and Intergroup Contrast.- Chapter 6:Conclusion: Mothers' Spaces in Social Peace Processes.

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