Computer aided manufacture (CAM) Books

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Book Synopsis BEVERLY KIRKPATRICK has worked with AutoCAD for 30+ years, developing interior designs, space plans, and finish schedules for schools, banks, hospitals, churches, and car dealerships. She taught AutoCAD at college and high school levels. JAMES KIRKPATRICK worked with and taught AutoCAD for 40+ years, established Eastfield College's AutoCAD Training Center, and authored 30+ books in the field. HOSSEIN ASSADIPOUR teaches CAD, CNC, CAM, and related topics, and wrote Learning AutoCAD in 20 Projects. He is professor of Division of Mathematics, Engineering Technologies & Computer Sciences at Essex County College. DAVID BYRNES spent 38 years in design, drafting, and 3D modeling, working with AutoCAD since v. 1.4. A CAD consultant, instructor, and author since 1988, he contributed to CadalystTable of ContentsPART I: PREPARING TO DRAW WITH AUTOCAD Chapter 1 Introducing the AutoCAD User Interface 1 Chapter Objectives 1 Introduction 1 Exercise 1-1 Examine the AutoCAD User Interface and Save a Workspace 2 Drawing Window and Graphics Cursor 4 Application Menu Button 7 Inputting or Selecting a Command 8 Ribbon 8 Expanded Panels 9 Dialog Boxes and Palettes 9 Tooltips 10 Flyouts 10 Command Line Window (+9) 11 Quick Access Toolbar 11 Customizing the Quick Access Toolbar Down Arrow and Showing the Menu Bar 12 Using AutoCAD Toolbars 13 User Coordinate System Icon 14 Advantage of Using the UCS 14 Viewport Label Menus 14 ViewCube 16 Navigation Bar 17 Infocenter 18 Status Bar 18 Drawing Coordinates Values (+I) 18 Model or Paper Space 21 Quick View Tools 21 Annotation Scaling Tools 21 Workspace Switching 22 Lock/Unlock Toolbar and Window Positions 22 On/Off Hardware Acceleration 22 Clean Screen (+0 [Zero]) 22 Modifying and Saving a Workspace 22 Getting Help in AutoCAD 2022 24 Closing AutoCAD 25 Chapter Summary 26 Chapter Test Questions 26 PART II: TWO-DIMENSIONAL AUTOCAD Chapter 2 Quick-Start Tutorials: Basic Settings and Commands 29 Chapter Objectives 29 Introduction 29 Following the Tutorials in This Book 30 Tutorial 2-1 Part 1, Beginning an AutoCAD Drawing: Saving Your Work; Setting Units, Limits, Grid, and Snap; Creating Layers 31 Beginning an AutoCAD Drawing 31 Saving the Drawing 32 Save 32 Save As 32 DWT 34 DWS 34 DXF 34 Drawing Name and File Name Extension 35 Units 36 Controlling Your Drawing 36 Drawing Scale 37 Drawing Limits and the Cartesian Coordinate System 37 Grid 38 GRIDDISPLAY 38 Snap 40 Zoom 41 Drafting Settings Dialog Box 41 Layers 42 Layer Lists 44 Linetypes 46 Lineweights 46 Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 46 Lineweight Display 48 Setting the Annotation Scale 50 Saving the Drawing 50 Using the Mouse and Right-Click Customization 51 Tutorial 2-1 Part 2, Drawing Lines, Circles, Arcs, Ellipses, and Donuts 52 Ortho 52 Drawing Lines Using the Grid Marks and Snap Increments 53 Erase and Undo 54 Drawing Lines Using Absolute Coordinates 56 Drawing Lines Using Relative Coordinates 57 Drawing Lines Using Polar Coordinates 58 Drawing Lines Using Direct Distance Entry 59 DYNMODE 59 Circle 60 Center, Radius 61 Center, Diameter 62 2 Points 62 3 Points 63 TTR 63 LTSCALE 63 ZOOM 64 Zoom-Window 64 Zoom-All 65 Zoom-Previous 65 Zoom-Extents 66 Zoom-Object 66 Zoom-Realtime 66 PAN REALTIME 66 Transparent Commands 66 REDRAW 67 REGEN 67 HIGHLIGHT 67 Move and Editing Commands Selection Set 67 Options for Selecting Objects to Modify 70 Window (W) and Crossing Window (C) 71 All (ALL) 71 Fence (F) 71 Remove (R) and Add (A) 71 Last (L) and Previous (P) 71 Undo (U) 72 Grips 72 UNDO and REDO 73 ARC 74 3-Point 74 Start, Center, End 76 Start, Center, Angle 76 Start, Center, Length 76 Start, End, Angle 77 Start, End, Direction 77 Start, End, Radius 77 Continue 77 ELLIPSE 77 Axis, End 77 Center 79 DONUT 79 SCALE 80 Reference 80 Adding Text 82 Command History 82 Tutorial 2-2 Plot Responses for CH2-TUTORIAL1, Using the Model Tab 83 Plot - Name 84 Page Setup 84 Printer/Plotter 84 Plot to File 85 Browse for Plot File 85 Plot Style Table (Pen Assignments) 85 Paper Size 86 Plot Area 87 Plot Scale 87 Annotative Property and Annotation Scale 88 Plot Offset (Origin Set to Printable Area) 89 Shaded Viewport Options 89 Plot Options 89 Drawing Orientation 90 Preview… 90 Chapter Summary 92 Chapter Test Questions 92 Chapter Projects 95 Chapter 3 Drawing with AutoCAD: Conference and Lecture Rooms 103 Chapter Objectives 103 Exercise 3-1 Drawing a Rectangular Conference Room, Including Furniture 103 Making a Drawing Template 105 Polyline 107 Undo 108 OFFSET 108 Through 109 Erase 109 Layer 109 EXPLODE 109 ID Point 109 TRIM 111 Rectangle 111 CHAMFER 114 Polyline 114 Undo 114 Angle 115 Trim 115 mEthod 115 Multiple 115 FILLET 116 COPY and Osnap-Midpoint 117 ROTATE 118 Reference 119 POINT 119 DIVIDE 120 MEASURE 121 OSNAP 122 Activating Osnap 122 Copy, Osnap-Midpoint, Osnap-Node 123 MIRROR 124 Osnap Modes That Snap to Specific Drawing Features 127 Exercise 3-2 Drawing a Rectangular Lecture Room, Including Furniture 130 Running Osnap Modes 129 Osnap Settings: Marker, Aperture, Magnet, Tooltip 130 Making Solid Walls Using Polyline and Solid Hatch 132 From 133 BREAK 133 First 134 @ 134 Polyline Edit 134 HATCH 136 ARRAY 138 Rectangular 140 Path 141 ARRAYEDIT 141 Distance 141 Exercise 3-3 Drawing a Curved Conference Room, Including Furniture 144 Polyline 145 Width 146 Half Width 146 Length 147 Close 147 POLYGON 148 Edge 149 Grips—Add Vertex 149 Grips—Convert to Arc 151 ARRAY 152 Polar 152 Exercise 3-4 Drawing a Conference Room Using Polar Tracking 155 Polar Tracking 157 Polyline Edit 159 Specifying Points with Tracking 160 Drawing the Chairs around the Conference Table 162 Completing the Conference Room 164 Using Command Preview 165 Choosing Selection Options 166 Chapter Summary 167 Chapter Test Questions 167 Chapter Projects 170 Chapter 4 Adding Text and Tables to the Drawing 183 Chapter Objectives 183 Exercise 4-1 Placing Text on Drawings 183 Making Settings for Text Style 185 Style Name 185 Font Name 185 Making a New Text Style 186 Using the Single Line Text Command to Draw Text 189 Setting the Justify Option 191 Using Standard Codes to Draw Special Characters 192 Using the Multiline Text Command to Draw Text Paragraphs in Columns 195 Changing Text Properties 198 Checking the Spelling 202 Exercise 4-2 Using the TABLE Command to Create a Door Schedule 203 Exercise 4-3 Using the TABLE Command to Create a Window Schedule 214 Chapter Summary 215 Chapter Test Questions 215 Chapter Projects 218 Chapter 5 Advanced Plotting: Using Plot Styles, Paper Space, Multiple Viewports, and PDF Files 223 Chapter Objectives 223 Understanding Layer Names, Colors, and Lineweights 223 Choosing a Plot Style 224 Named Plot Style (STB) 225 Color-Dependent Plot Style (CTB) 226 Exercise 5-1 Make a Color-Dependent Plot Style to Change Colors to Plot Black 226 Exercise 5-2 Plot a Layout with One Viewport 228 Model, Layout1, and Layout2 Tabs 229 Page Setup Manager 229 Center and Scale the Plan 230 Complete the Layout 232 Exercise 5-3 Plot a Layout with Two Viewports 233 Insert an Entire Drawing into a Current Drawing 233 Page Setup Manager 236 Copy a Viewport 237 Center and Scale the Plans 237 Complete the Layout 239 Exercise 5-4 Plot a Layout with Four Viewports 241 Viewports (VPORTS) 242 Use MVIEW to Restore the Viewport VP4 into Layout1 244 Page Setup Manager 245 Center and Scale the Plans 246 Complete the Layout 246 Exercise 5-5 Make PDF Files That Can Be Attached to E-mails and Opened without the AutoCAD Program 247 Chapter Summary 250 Chapter Test Questions 250 Chapter Projects 253 Chapter 6 Drawing the Floor Plan: Walls, Doors, and Windows 255 Chapter Objectives 255 The Tenant Space Project 255 Exercise 6-1 Tenant Space Floor Plan 256 RECTANGLE 257 HATCH 258 ARRAY 258 Multiline Style 260 Multiline Command 262 Edit Multiline Command 268 EXTEND 269 PROPERTIES 269 LIST 270 COLOR 270 Linetype 272 Lineweight 272 Make Object's Layer Current 272 Match Properties 272 Block 273 Wblock 276 Insert 278 Insertion Point 281 X Scale Factor, Y Scale Factor 281 Using Annotative Text 282 Inserting Entire Drawings as Blocks 284 Advantages of Using Blocks 284 Exercise 6-2 Hotel Room 1 Floor Plan 285 AutoCAD DesignCenter 287 Chapter Summary 291 Chapter Test Questions 291 Chapter Projects 294 Chapter 7 Dimensioning and Area Calculations 297 Chapter Objectives 297 Eight Basic Types of Dimensions 297 Using Dimension Variables 298 Exercise 7-1 Dimensioning the Tenant Space Floor Plan Using Linear Dimensions 301 Setting the Dimension Variables Using the Command Prompt 303 Setting the Dimension Variables Using the Dimension Style Manager Dialog Box 304 Using the Fit Tab to Scale for Dimension Features 309 Annotative 309 Scale Dimensions to Layout 310 Use Overall Scale of: (DIMSCALE) 310 Linear and Continue Dimensioning 311 Aligned Dimensioning 315 Baseline Dimensioning 315 Adding a Dimension Break 318 Using Adjust Space 318 Exercise 7-2 Revisions and Modifying Dimensions 319 Setting the DIMASSOC Dimension Variable 319 Understanding Associative Dimension Commands 321 Oblique 321 Align Text (Home-Angle-Left-Center-Right) 322 Override 322 Update 322 Defpoints Layer 322 Using the PROPERTIES Palette 323 Accessing Match Properties 323 Using Grips 323 Drawing a Revision Cloud 324 Exercise 7-3 Tenant Space Total Square Footage 326 Defining the Area for Square Footage 326 Using the Cal Calculator 329 Chapter Summary 331 Chapter Test Questions 331 Chapter Projects 334 Chapter 8 Drawing Elevations, Sections, and Details 337 Chapter Objectives 337 Introduction 337 Exercise 8-1 Tenant Space: Elevation of Conference Room Cabinets 337 UCS 339 UCS Icon 340 Draw the Upper Cabinets 341 Mirror 342 Draw the Lower Cabinets 344 Stretch 345 Complete the Drawing 354 Circles to Be Used with Multileaders 357 Exercise 8-2 The Multileader Command 357 Multileader Standard Style 357 Multileader 360 Multileader Align 362 Change Multileader Style 362 Multileader Collect 366 Multileader Add 367 Exercise 8-3 Tenant Space: Section of Conference Room Cabinets with Hatching 368 Prepare to Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Select Objects Boundary Option 371 Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Select Objects Boundary Option 372 Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Pick Points Boundary Option 373 Hatch; Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box; Hatch Tab 376 Type and Pattern 376 Angle and Scale 377 Hatch Origin 378 Boundaries 378 Options 378 More Options 379 Islands 380 Boundary Retention 380 Boundary Set 380 Gap Tolerance 380 Inherit Options 380 Edit Hatch 381 Exercise 8-4 Detail of Door Jamb with Hatching 385 Exercise 8-5 Use Point Filters and Object Snap Tracking to Make an Orthographic Drawing of a Conference Table 386 Point Filters 388 Object Snap Tracking 389 Chapter Summary 393 Chapter Test Questions 393 Chapter Projects 396 Chapter 9 Drawing the Furniture Installation Plan, Adding Specifications, and Extracting Data 401 Chapter Objectives 401 Introduction 401 Exercise 9-1 Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan with Furniture Specifications 402 Draw the Furniture Symbols 403 Define Attributes (ATTDEF) 403 Constant Attribute 408 Variable Attribute 410 Verify Attribute 412 Edit Text (TEXTEDIT) 413 QP (Quick Properties) 414 Properties Palette 414 WBLOCK the Furniture with Attributes Symbol 414 Insert the Furniture Symbols with Attributes into the Drawing 416 Complete the Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan 418 Edit Attribute, Single 418 Edit Attribute, Global 420 Attribute Display (ATTDISP) 422 Redefining an Inserted Block with Attributes Using the BLOCK Command 422 Block Attribute Manager (BATTMAN) 423 Synchronize Attributes (ATTSYNC) 423 Exercise 9-2 Extracting Attributes from the Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan 424 Data Extraction… 425 Chapter Summary 430 Chapter Test Questions 430 Chapter Projects 432 Chapter 10 DesignCenter, Dynamic Blocks, and External References 435 Chapter Objectives 435 Introduction 435 Exercise 10-1 Reception Area Furniture Installation Plan Using the DesignCenter 435 The DesignCenter 436 DesignCenter Tabs 436 DesignCenter Buttons 437 Exercise 10-2 Training Room Furniture Installation Plan Using DesignCenter and Dynamic Blocks 440 Use Block Editor to Make Dynamic Blocks 445 Exercise 10-3 Attach an External Reference to an Office Plan 456 XATTACH (Attach External Reference) 456 External Reference (XREF) 457 XBIND 457 Features of External References 457 Chapter Summary 463 Chapter Test Questions 463 Chapter Projects 465 Chapter 11 Drawing the Reflected Ceiling Plan and Voice/Data/Power Plan 471 Chapter Objectives 471 Introduction 471 Exercise 11-1 Part 1, Tenant Space Lighting Legend and Reflected Ceiling Plan 471 Tenant Space Lighting Legend Symbols 473 Tenant Space Reflected Ceiling Plan 473 Exercise 11-1 Part 2, Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Legend and Plan 474 Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Legend Symbols 474 Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Plan 476 Chapter Summary 478 Chapter Test Questions 478 Chapter Projects 480 Chapter 12 Creating Presentations with Layouts and Making a Sheet Set 485 Chapter Objectives 485 Exercise 12-1 Make a Printed Presentation of the Tenant Space Project by Combining Multiple Plans on One Sheet of Paper 485 Use Create Layout Wizard to Set Up Four Viewports on a Single Sheet 486 Complete the Title Block 487 Use Layer Properties Manager to Freeze Viewport Layers 490 Scale and Center the Plans 492 Using MVSETUP to Align the Plans 492 Complete the Presentation 494 Exercise 12-2 Making a Four-Sheet Presentation of the Tenant Space Project Using a Sheet Set 495 Make New Layout Tabs and Rename the New Layout Tabs 496 Prepare the Layout Tabs for Plotting Drawings 496 Use MVSETUP to Insert a Title Block 498 Quick View Tools 500 New Sheet Set and Sheet Set Manager 501 Chapter Summary 504 Chapter Test Questions 504 Chapter Project 507 Chapter 13 Isometric Drawing and Gradient Hatch Rendering 509 Chapter Objectives 509 Axonometric Drawing 509 Isometric Drawing 509 Exercise 13-1 Fundamentals of Isometric Drawing 510 Drafting Settings Dialog Box 512 Shape 1: Drawing the Isometric Rectangle 512 Shape 2: Drawing Isometric Ellipses 513 Shape 3: Drawing a Chair with Ellipses That Show the Thickness of a Material 515 Shape 4: Drawing a Shape That Has a Series of Isometric Ellipses Located on the Same Centerline 518 Shape 5: Isometric Detail with Rounded Corners 520 Shape 6: A TV Shape with an Angled Back 521 Shape 7: Isometric Detail: A Hexagonal-Shaped Vase 524 Exercise 13-2 Tenant Space Reception Desk in Isometric 525 Dimensioning in Isometric 532 Gradient Hatch 532 Exercise 13-3 Using Gradient Patterns to Render the Shapes of Exercise 13-1 533 Chapter Summary 540 Chapter Test Questions 540 Chapter Projects 543 PART III: THREE-DIMENSIONAL AUTOCAD Chapter 14 Solid Modeling 547 Chapter Objectives 547 Introduction 547 Creating Primitive Shapes with Solid Commands 548 Creating Composite Solids with Solid Commands 548 Editing Solids with Solid Commands 548 Controlling UCS in Three Dimensions 549 Dynamic UCS 549 Viewing Solids 549 3D Views Menu Options 549 SteeringWheels 551 ViewCube 552 Editing Solids with Other Commands 552 Controlling Solids Display 552 Exercise 14-1 Part 1, Drawing Primitive Solids 553 Box 555 Sphere 555 Wedge 556 Cone 556 Cylinder 557 Torus 557 Exercise 14-1 Part 2, Using Extrude to Draw Extruded Solids 558 Drawing an Extruded Circle 558 Drawing an Extruded Polygon 558 Drawing an Extruded Rectangle 559 Drawing an Extruded Structural Angle 560 Drawing an Extruded Shape 561 Exercise 14-1 Part 3, Using REVOLVE to Draw Revolved Solids; Using 3DROTATE to Rotate Solids about the X-, Y-, and Z-Axes 562 Drawing Revolved Shape 1 562 Drawing a Revolved Rectangle 564 Drawing a Revolved Paper Clip Holder 565 Using 3dROTATE 565 Exercise 14-1 Part 4, Using CHAMFER and FILLET to Form Chamfers and Fillets on Solid Edges 566 Chamfering and Filleting the Top Four Edges of Two Separate Boxes 566 Chamfering and Filleting the Top Edge of Two Separate Cylinders 567 Exercise 14-1 Part 5, Using UNION to Join Two Solids; Using SUBTRACT to Subtract Solids from Other Solids 568 Drawing Solid Shape 1 568 Drawing Solid Shape 2 569 Joining with Union 570 Using Subtract 570 Performing a Hide 571 Exercise 14-1 Part 6, Using Sweep, Helix, Subtract, Loft, Planar Surface, Thicken, and Polysolid to Draw Solid Shapes 571 Sweeping an Object 571 Using Loft 574 Creating a Bowl-Shaped Object 575 Using Planar Surface 575 Using POLYSOLID 576 Exercise 14-1 Part 7, Using Intersection to Form a Solid Model from the Common Volume of Two Intersecting Solids 577 Drawing Two Extruded Shapes at Right Angles to Each Other 578 Using Intersect 579 Wblocking the Intersected Model 580 Completing Exercise 14-1 581 Chapter Summary 583 Chapter Test Questions 583 Chapter Projects 586 Chapter 15 Advanced Modeling 593 Chapter Objectives 593 Introduction 593 Exercise 15-1 Creating a Solid Model of Chair 2 594 Exercise 15-2 Creating a Solid Model of a Patio 597 RENDER 608 Render Quality 608 Destinations 608 Lights 608 Materials 609 Other Commands Available to Render, Animate, Attach Scanned Files, and Shade 3D Models 609 Exercise 15-3 Use Render Commands to Make a Photo-Realistic Rendering of the Solid Model in Exercise 15-2 610 Exercise 15-4 Create a Walk-Through AVI File for the Rendered 3D Patio 621 Chapter Summary 627 Chapter Test Questions 627 Chapter Projects 630 PART IV: APPENDIXES Appendix A Keyboard Shortcuts 633 Appendix B Shortcut and Temporary Override Keys 641 Glossary 643 Index 647

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Book SynopsisShawna Lockhart combines her university teaching experience at Montana State University and Embry Riddle Aeronautical University with wide ranging industrial experience to write engineering design communication and CAD software texts. An early adopter of 2D and 3D CAD technology, she is the author of multiple texts, from AutoCAD Release 10 in 1992 to the current 2023 release. Shawna also writes industrial manuals on a variety of topics including robotics, dynos, mineral processing and lasers Marla Goodman has a background in developing outreach communications and information graphics. For Montana State University and others, she has created educational publications and graphics on a wide range of topics ranging from environmental health, agriculture and wildlife to climate science and thermal biology. In addition to her involvement in educational publishing, she has worked for newspapers and magazines in the various roles of writer, editTable of ContentsChapter 1 The Worldwide Graphic Language for Design Chapter 2 Layouts and Lettering Chapter 3 Visualization and Sketching Chapter 4 Geometry for Modeling and Design Chapter 5 Modeling and Design Chapter 6 Orthographic Projection Chapter 7 2D Drawing Representation Chapter 8 Section Views Chapter 9 Auxiliary Views Chapter 10 Modeling for Manufacture and Assembly Chapter 11 Dimensioning Chapter 12 Tolerancing Chapter 13 Threads, Fasteners, and Springs Chapter 14 Working Drawings Chapter 15 Drawing Control and Data Management Chapter 16 Gears and Cams Chapter 17 Electronic Diagrams Chapter 18 Structural Drawing Chapter 19 Landform Drawings Chapter 20 Piping Drawings Chapter 21 Welding Representation Chapter 22 Axonometric Projection Chapter 23 Perspective Drawings

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Book SynopsisThe book is the complete introduction and applications guide to this new technology. This book introduces the reader to features and gives an overview of geometric modeling techniques, discusses the conceptual development of features as modeling entities, illustrates the use of features for a variety of engineering design applications, and develops a set of broad functional requirements and addresses high level design issues.Table of ContentsBACKGROUND. Geometric Modeling. FUNDAMENTALS. Feature Concepts. Feature Creation Techniques. APPLICATION OF FEATURES. Features in Design. Features in Manufacturing. Feature Mapping and Data Exchange. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION. Design-by-Features Techniques. Feature Recognition Techniques. Implementation Tools. Feature-Based Process Planning. BEYOND FEATURES. Future CAD/CAM Technologies. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe last few years have seen important advances in the use of genetic algorithms to address challenging optimization problems in industrial engineering.Table of ContentsFoundations of Genetic Algorithms. Constrained Optimization Problems. Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Reliability Optimization Problems. Flow-Shop Sequencing Problems. Job-Shop Scheduling Problems. Machine Scheduling Problems. Transportation Problems. Facility Layout Design Problems. Selected Topics in Engineering Design. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisGenetic algorithms are probabilistic search techniques based on the principles of biological evolution. As a biological organism evolves to more fully adapt to its environment, a genetic algorithm follows a path of analysis from which a design evolves, one that is optimal for the environmental constraints placed upon it.Table of ContentsFoundations of Genetic Algorithms. Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Multiobjective Optimization Problems. Fuzzy Optimization Problems. Reliability Design Problems. Scheduling Problems. Advanced Transportation Problems. Network Design and Routing. Manufacturing Cell Design. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisSurveys the wide spectrum of automated systems available to improve manufacturing productivity including robots, numerical control machines, programmable controllers, computer controllers and microprocessor-based automated systems. Completely updated, it features industry case studies, revised and expanded problem sections and new material on product design, CAD, Karnaugh Maps and CIM.Table of ContentsGetting Ready to Automate. Building Blocks of Automation. Mechanization of Parts Handling. Automatic Production and Assembly. Numerical Control and CAD/CAM. Industrial Robots. Teaching Robots to Do Work. Machine Vision Systems. Robot Implementation. Industrial Applications of Robots. Industrial Logic Control Systems. Logic Diagramming. Programmable Logic Controllers. On-Line Computer Control. Microprocessors. Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Ethics. References. Appendices. Index.

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Book SynopsisThe main objective of the authors is to deliver specifications and underlying concepts for future computer-aided tools for the design and the control of flexible manufacturing systems for mechanical and electro-mechanical assemblies. This book presents an integrated computer-aided method which supports a concurrent engineering approach for assembled products. This integrated method is divided in several modules which analyse the ease of assembly of a design, the assembly order, the design of an assembly workshop, and the simulation of the workshop taking into account scheduling and flow control. Automatic, semi-automatic and manual utilisations are presented for each module. Communication between design and manufacturing has been emphasised. The environment in this book is a real concurrent engineering one and for the first time the concurrent engineering steps are integrated in a CAD system. The method has been implemented in one of the world s most used CAD systems: CATIA.Table of ContentsThe CAD Method for Industrial Assembly and ConcurrentEngineering. Proposed Architecture for the New CAD Method. Product Design for Assembly. Assembly Planning. Resource Planning. The Simulation Module. The Scheduling Module. The Flow Control Module. Integration Aspects of the CAD Method. Introducing the Integrated CAD Method into Companies. Conclusions. Index.

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Book SynopsisTechnological change has had a profound impact on manufacturing industry and related business sectors. Since publication of the first edition of Implementing New Technologies the pace of change ahs been maintained, often with uncertain consequences. In this new edition the editors have brought together a collection of readings which include: Project planning. Conversion or application of plans. Consolidation of change after the insertion of new technologies. Although the second edition includes material on innovation it is more concerned with the consequences of technology diffusion and technology transfer, concentrating on the adoption of technologies which are novel in a particular application even though not inherently ''new''.Table of ContentsPreface. Introduction: David Wield and Ed Rhodes. Part I:. Part I: A Core Problem Area:. 1. Introduction. 2. Managing Our Way to Economic Decline: Robert H. Hayes and William J. Abernathy. 3. Investment in Technology - The Service Sector Sinkhole?: Gregory P. Hackett. 4. The Myth of a Post-Industrial Economy: Stephen S. Cohen and John Zysman. 5. Europe's Technological Performance: Pari Patel and Keith Pavitt. 6. Technology Development and Japanese Industrial Competitiveness: B. Bowonder and T. Miyake. Part II: The Innovation Environment:. 7. Introduction. 8. Technology, Innovation Theory and The Implementation Process: Ed Rhodes and David Wield. 9. Structural Crises of Adjustment, Business Cycles and Investment Behaviour: Christopher Freeman and Carlotta Perez. 10. Interactive Innovation in Financial and business Services: The Vanguard of The Service Revolution: Richard Barras. 11. The Selection Environment: R.R. Nelson and S.G. Winter. 12. Capturing Value From Technological Innovation: Integration, Strategic Partnering, and Licensing Decisions: David J. Teece. Part III: Strategy and Innovation:. 13. Introduction. 14. The Global Context of Firm Level Innovation: Ed Rhodes. 15. What We Know About The Strategic Management of Technology. 16. Technologies, Products and Firms' Strategies: A Framework for Analysis: Rod Coombes and Albert Richards. 17. Issues in User-Producer Relations: Role of Government: Roy Rothwell. 18. Managing Technology in Firms in the Service Industries: A.H. Rubinstein, E. Geisler and B. Grabowski. Part II:. Part IV: The Interdependence of Technology and Organization:. 19. Introduction. 20. Coping With Advanced Manufacturing Technology: Melvin Blumberg and Donald Gerwin. 21. Islands, Archipelagos and Continents: Progress on the Road to Computer-Integrated Manufacturing: John Bessant and Bill Haywood. 22. The Successful Exploitation of new Technology in Banking: Harry Scarborough and Ronnie Lannon. 23. Manufacturing by Design: Daniel E. Whitney. Part V: Technology, Skills and Work Organization:. 24. Introduction. 25. Industrial Change in Europe: The Pursuit of Flexible Specialization in Britain and West Germany: Christel Lane. 26. The Need for Skills in the Factory of the Future: Peter Senker and Mark Beesley. 27. Can Human Skill Survive Microelectronics?: H.H. Rosenbrock. 28. Computerised Machine Tools, Manpower Consequences and Skill Utilization: A Study of British and West German Manufacturing Firms: Gert Hartmann, Ian Nicholas, Arndt Sorge and Malcolm Warner. 29. Social Choice in the Development of Advanced Information Technology: Richard E Walton. 30. Worker Involvement in Implementing New Technology: Thomas J. Hyclack and Michael G. Kolchin. Part VI: Financing Innovation:. 31. Introduction. 32. Implications of CAD/CAM for Management: Peter Senker. 33. Capital Budgeting as a General Management Problem: Joseph L. Bower. 34. Managing as if Tomorrow Mattered: Robert H. Hayes and David A. Garvin. 35. Charting a Course to Superior Technology Evaluation: Bela Gold. 36. The Economic Justification of advanced Manufacturing Technology (with special reference to AGVs): A.J. Pendlebury and E. Lacey. Part VII: The Dynamics of Project Organization:. 37. Introduction. 38. Implementation as Mutual Adaptation of Technology and Organization: D. Leonard-Barton. 39. Strategy, Organizational Culture and Symbolism: Sebastian Green. 40. Information Systems and Organizational Change: Peter G.W. Keen. 41. Post-Project Appraisals Pay: Frank R. Gulliver.

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisWidely used across industrial and manufacturing automation, Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) perform a broad range of electromechanical tasks with multiple input and output arrangements, designed specifically to cope in severe environmental conditions such as automotive and chemical plants. Programmable Logic Controllers: A Practical Approach using CoDeSys is a hands-on guide to rapidly gain proficiency in the development and operation of PLCs based on the IEC 61131-3 standard. Using the freely-available* software tool CoDeSys, which is widely used in industrial design automation projects, the author takes a highly practical approach to PLC design using real-world examples. The design tool, CoDeSys, also features a built in simulator/soft PLC enabling the reader to undertake exercises and test the examples. Key features: Introduces to programming techniques using IEC 61131-3 guidelines in the five PLC-recognised programming languages. FocusesTable of ContentsPreface xiv Part One Hardware 1 1 About PLCs 3 1.1 History 4 1.1.1 More Recent Developments 6 1.2 Structure 7 1.2.1 Inputs and Outputs 10 1.3 PLC Operation 13 1.3.1 Process Knowledge 14 1.3.2 Standard Operations 16 1.3.3 Cyclic, Freewheeling, or Event‐Controlled Execution 18 1.4 Test Problems 19 2 Digital Signals and Digital Inputs and Outputs 20 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 Terminology 21 2.2.1 Discrete, Digital, Logical, and Binary 21 2.2.2 Sensors, Transducers, and Transmitters 22 2.3 Switches 24 2.3.1 Limit Switches 24 2.3.2 Safety Devices 24 2.3.3 Magnetic Switches 25 2.4 Logical Sensors 26 2.4.1 Inductive Sensors 27 2.4.2 Capacitive Sensors 29 2.4.3 Photocells 30 2.4.4 Ultrasonic Sensors 33 2.4.5 Rotating Sensors (Encoders) 34 2.4.6 Other Detection Principles and Sensors 37 2.5 Connection of Logical Sensors 39 2.5.1 Sink/Source 41 2.5.2 Selecting a Sensor with the Proper Type of Output 43 2.6 Properties of Discrete Inputs 44 2.7 Discrete Actuators 45 2.7.1 Relays and Contactors 46 2.7.2 Solenoids and Magnetic Valves 47 2.7.3 Transistor Outputs versus Relay Outputs 49 2.8 Test Problems 50 3 Analog Signals and Analog I/O 52 3.1 Introduction 52 3.2 Digitalization of Analog Signals 53 3.2.1 Filtering 53 3.2.2 A/D Conversion 55 3.3 Analog Instrumentation 58 3.3.1 About Sensors 58 3.3.2 Standard Signal Formats 59 3.3.3 On the 4–20 mA Standard 59 3.3.4 Some Other Properties of Sensors 61 3.4 Temperature Sensors 61 3.4.1 Thermocouple 61 3.4.2 PT100/NI1000 62 3.4.3 Thermistors 64 3.5 Connection 64 3.5.1 About Noise, Loss, and Cabling 64 3.5.2 Connecting Sensors 67 3.5.3 Connection of a PT100 (RTD) 68 3.5.4 Connecting Thermocouples 72 3.6 Properties of Analog Input Modules 72 3.6.1 Measurement Ranges and Digitizing: Resolution 72 3.6.2 Important Properties and Parameters 74 3.7 Analog Output Modules and Standard Signal Formats 75 3.8 Test Problems 76 Part Two Methodic 79 4 Structured Design 81 4.1 Introduction 81 4.2 Number Systems 82 4.2.1 The Decimal Number Systems 82 4.2.2 The Binary Number System 82 4.2.3 The Hexadecimal Number System 83 4.2.4 Binary‐Coded Decimal Numbers 85 4.2.5 Conversion between Number Systems 86 4.3 Digital Logic 87 4.4 Boolean Design 91 4.4.1 Logical Functional Expressions 91 4.4.2 Boolean Algebra 93 4.5 Sequential Design 97 4.5.1 Flowchart 97 4.5.2 Example: Flowchart for Mixing Process 99 4.5.3 Example: Flowchart for an Automated Packaging Line 101 4.5.4 Sequence Diagrams 107 4.5.5 Example: Sequence Diagram for the Mixing Process 110 4.5.6 Example: Batch Process 112 4.6 State‐Based Design 113 4.6.1 Why Use State Diagrams? 114 4.6.2 State Diagrams 114 4.6.3 Example: Batch Process 117 4.6.4 Example: Level Process 118 4.6.5 Example: Packing Facility for Apples 121 4.7 Summary 124 4.8 Test Problems 125 Part Three IEC 61131‐3 131 5 Introduction to Programming and IEC 61131‐3 133 5.1 Introduction 133 5.1.1 Weaknesses in Traditional PLCs 134 5.1.2 Improvements with IEC 61131‐3 136 5.1.3 On Implementation of the Standard 137 5.2 Brief Presentation of the Languages 138 5.2.1 ST 138 5.2.2 FBD 138 5.2.3 LD 139 5.2.4 IL 139 5.2.5 SFC 141 5.3 Program Structure in IEC 61131‐3 141 5.3.1 Example of a Configuration 145 5.4 Program Processing 146 5.4.1 Development of Programming Languages 146 5.4.2 From Source Code to Machine Code 147 5.5 Test Problems 151 6 IEC 61131‐3: Common Language Elements 152 6.1 Introduction 152 6.2 Identifiers, Keywords, and Comments 153 6.2.1 Identifiers 153 6.2.2 Keywords 154 6.2.3 Comments 154 6.3 About Variables and Data Types 156 6.4 Pragmas and Literals 156 6.4.1 Literal 157 6.5 Data Types 158 6.5.1 Numerical and Binary Data Types 158 6.5.2 Data Types for Time and Duration 161 6.5.3 Text Strings 163 6.5.4 Generic Data Types 164 6.5.5 User‐Defined Data Types 166 6.6 Variables 169 6.6.1 Conventional Addressing 170 6.6.2 Declaration of Variables with IEC 61131‐3 171 6.6.3 Local Versus Global Variables 174 6.6.4 Input and Output Variables 175 6.6.5 Other Variable Types 176 6.7 Direct Addressing 176 6.7.1 Addressing Structure 176 6.7.2 I/O‐Addressing 178 6.8 Variable versus I/O‐Addresses 179 6.8.1 Unspecified I/O‐Addresses 179 6.9 Declaration of Multielement Variables 180 6.9.1 Arrays 181 6.9.2 Data Structures 182 6.10 Test Problems 184 7 Functions 187 7.1 Introduction 187 7.2 On Functions 188 7.3 Standard Functions 189 7.3.1 Assignment 190 7.4 Boolean Operations 191 7.5 Arithmetic Functions 192 7.5.1 Overflow 193 7.6 Comparison 194 7.7 Numerical Operations 195 7.7.1 Priority of Execution 196 7.8 Selection 197 7.9 Type Conversion 197 7.10 Bit‐String Functions 199 7.11 Text‐String Functions 200 7.12 Defining New Functions 202 7.13 EN/ENO 203 7.14 Test Problems 204 8 Function Blocks 206 8.1 Introduction 206 8.1.1 The Standard’s FBs 207 8.2 Declaring and Calling FBs 207 8.3 FBs for Flank Detection 208 8.4 Bistable Elements 209 8.5 Timers 210 8.6 Counters 211 8.6.1 Up‐Counter 212 8.6.2 Down‐Counter 212 8.6.3 Up/Down‐Counter 212 8.7 Defining New FBs 213 8.7.1 Encapsulation of Code 214 8.7.2 Other Nonstandardized FBs 216 8.8 Programs 217 8.8.1 Program Calls 218 8.8.2 Execution Control 219 8.9 Test Problems 220 Part Four Programming 221 9 Ladder Diagram (LD) 223 9.1 Introduction 223 9.2 Program Structure 224 9.2.1 Contacts and Conditions 225 9.2.2 Coils and Actions 226 9.2.3 Graphical Elements: An Overview 227 9.3 Boolean Operations 227 9.3.1 AND/OR‐Conditions 227 9.3.2 Set/Reset Coils 230 9.3.3 Edge Detecting Contacts 233 9.3.4 Example: Control of a Mixing Process 234 9.4 Rules for Execution 237 9.4.1 One Output: Several Conditions 237 9.4.2 The Importance of the Order of Execution 238 9.4.3 Labels and Jumps 239 9.5 Use of Standard Functions in LD 240 9.6 Development and Use of FBs in LD 242 9.7 Structured Programming in LD 244 9.7.1 Flowchart versus RS‐Based LD Code 248 9.7.2 State Diagrams versus RS‐Based LD Code 253 9.8 Summary 259 9.9 Test Problems 260 10 Function Block Diagram (FBD) 262 10.1 Introduction 262 10.2 Program Structure 263 10.2.1 Concepts 264 10.3 Execution Order and Loops 264 10.3.1 Labels and Jumps 265 10.4 User‐Defined Functions and FBs 266 10.5 Integer Division 268 10.6 Sequential Programming with FBD 271 10.7 Test Problems 273 11 Structured Text (ST) 278 11.1 Introduction 278 11.2 ST in General 279 11.2.1 Program Structure 280 11.3 Standard Functions and Operators 281 11.3.1 Assignment 282 11.4 Calling FBs 283 11.4.1 Flank Detection and Memories 284 11.4.2 Timers 287 11.4.3 Counters 288 11.5 IF Statements 288 11.6 CASE Statements 290 11.7 ST Code Based upon State Diagrams 292 11.7.1 Example: Code for the Level Process 295 11.8 Loops 298 11.8.1 WHILE … DO… END_WHILE 298 11.8.2 FOR … END_FOR 299 11.8.3 REPEAT … END_REPEAT 300 11.8.4 The EXIT Instruction 300 11.9 Example: Defining and Calling Functions 301 11.10 Test Problems 302 12 Sequential Function Chart (SFC) 306 12.1 Introduction 306 12.1.1 SFC in General 307 12.2 Structure and Graphics 307 12.2.1 Overview: Graphic Symbols 309 12.2.2 Alternative Branches 309 12.2.3 Parallel Branches 311 12.3 Steps 312 12.3.1 Step Addresses 313 12.3.2 SFC in Text Form (for Those Specially Interested…) 314 12.4 Transitions 314 12.4.1 Alternative Definition of Transitions 315 12.5 Actions 317 12.5.1 Action Types 318 12.5.2 Action Control 319 12.5.3 Alternative Declaration and Use of Actions 321 12.6 Control of Diagram Execution 322 12.7 Good Design Technique 323 12.8 Test Problems 326 13 Examples 331 13.1 Example 1: PID Controller Function Block: Structured Text 331 13.2 Example 2: Sampling: SFC 333 13.2.1 List of Variables 334 13.2.2 Possible Solution 334 13.3 Example 3: Product Control: SFC 337 13.3.1 Functional Description 338 13.3.2 List of Variables 338 13.3.3 Possible Solution 339 13.4 Example 4: Automatic Feeder: ST/SFC/FBD 342 13.4.1 Planning and Structuring 344 13.4.2 Alternative 1: SFC 345 13.4.3 Alternative 2: ST/FBD 347 Part Five Implementation 351 14 CODESYS 2.3 353 14.1 Introduction 353 14.2 Starting the Program 354 14.2.1 The Contents of a Project 356 14.3 Configuring the (WAGO) PLC 357 14.4 Communications with the PLC 360 14.4.1 The Gateway Server 361 14.4.2 Local Connection via Service Cable 362 14.4.3 Via Ethernet 363 14.4.4 Communication with a PLC Connected to a Remote PC 364 14.4.5 Testing Communications 365 14.5 Libraries 365 14.6 Defining a POU 367 14.7 Programming in FBD/LD 368 14.7.1 Declaring Variables 369 14.7.2 Programming with FBD 371 14.7.3 Programming with LD 372 14.8 Configuring Tasks 375 14.9 Downloading and Testing Programs 376 14.9.1 Debugging 377 14.10 Global Variables and Special Data Types 379 15 CODESYS Version 3.5 381 15.1 Starting a New Project 381 15.1.1 Device 382 15.1.2 Application 384 15.2 Programming and Programming Units (POUs) 386 15.2.1 Declaration of Variables 388 15.3 Compiling and Running the Project 389 15.3.1 Start Gateway Server and PLS and Set Up Communications 390 15.4 Test Problems 393 Bibliography 395 Index 396

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Book SynopsisWith the advent of advanced technologies in AI, driverless vehicles have elevated curiosity among various sectors of society. The automotive industry is in a technological boom with autonomous vehicle concepts. Autonomous driving is one of the crucial application areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Autonomous vehicles are armed with sensors, radars, and cameras. This made driverless technology possible in many parts of the world. In short, our traditional vehicle driving may swing to driverless technology. Many researchers are trying to come out with novel AI algorithms that are capable of handling driverless technology. The current existing algorithms are not able to support and elevate the concept of autonomous vehicles. This addresses the necessity of novel methods and tools focused to design and develop frameworks for autonomous vehicles. There is a great demand for energy-efficient solutions for managing the data collected with the help of sensors. These operations ar

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Book SynopsisUnlocking the Metaverse Highly comprehensive resource providing insight into how the Metaverse, and digital worlds in general, can be leveraged for business success Unlocking the Metaverse focuses on the strategic implementation of processes and the execution of Metaverse strategies, technologies, and innovations and provides readers with real world tools and strategies to succeed with market demands. The text provides a clear and concise description of what the Metaverse is and what its value means to readers and their companies. A continuous interaction with readers inside the book's virtual world in the Metaverse provides both structured and unstructured interactions with the highly qualified author and his guests in periodic and ongoing public events, serving as a repository of continuous learning and a sandbox for continuous innovations to be explored, analyzed, and reported. Unlocking the Metaverse covers sample topics such as: ConTable of ContentsAbout the Author ix Acknowledgments xi List of Acronyms xiii Introduction: How to Use This Book xv Chapter 1: Definitions 1 Metaverse 1 Digital Twin 4 Virtual Worlds 6 Blockchain 7 Fungible Token (FT) 8 Non-fungible Token (NFT) 8 Smart Contracts 9 Tokenomics 11 GPT 11 Chapter 2: Digital Twins, Virtual Worlds, and the Metaverse 14 Digital Twins 14 Gaming 20 Monetization 22 Virtual Worlds 23 Reality Capture and Motion Capture 24 Chase Olson – Reality Capture 25 Avatars 30 Avatar Interface 31 Avatars as Metahumans/Humanoids (MoCap) 32 NPCs as Reference Oracles 32 Virtual Worlds in the Metaverse Examples 34 Cybersecurity and Safety 37 Metaverse 38 Industrial Metaverse 41 Chapter 3: Metaverse Mechanisms and Solutions 44 Blockchain 45 Workflows 46 Capital Asset Delivery Using Smart Contracts Workflow 46 Construction Documents as the Digital DNA of the Built Environment 47 Ethereum blockchain 47 Digital Twin 48 Geo Location and Workflow 48 Facility Management 49 Challenges 49 Governance in a Decentralized Digital Environment 51 Cybersecurity 51 Trust 52 Data 53 Avatars 53 Smart Contracts 53 Value Propositions 53 Increased Efficiency 54 Improved Data Collection and Analysis 54 Accurate and Trusted Facility Data and Information 54 Tokenomics 55 Woven Collisions: NFTs and the Metaverse 56 LOE 58 Real-Estate-Backed Digital Asset Securities 59 Web 3 60 AI 61 GPT 63 ChatGPT Model 65 Chapter 4: The Crystal Ball 67 Scarcity and Abundance 69 Edge Computing 70 Censorship 72 Thought Leader Interviews 73 Damon Hernandez – The Metaverse 73 Hugh Seaton – Data 86 Cody Nowak – Process 97 Arol Wolford – The Industry's Future 104 Conclusion 109 Index 113

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Book SynopsisImplement a basic Enterprise Architecture from start to finish using a four-stage, wheel-based approach. Aided by real-world examples, this book shows what elements are needed for the initial implementation of a fundamental Enterprise Architecture. The book's pragmatic approach keeps existing architecture frameworks and methodologies in mind while providing instructions that are readable and applicable to all. The Enterprise Architecture Implementation Wheel builds on the methodology of existing architecture frameworks and allows you to apply the theory more pragmatically and closer to the reality that an architect encounters in daily practice. While the main focus of the book is on the actual steps taken to design an Enterprise Architecture, other important topics include architecture origin, definition, domains, visualization, and roles. Getting Started with Enterprise Architecture is the ideal handbook for the architect who is asked to implement an Enterprise Architecture in an Table of ContentsChapter 1 IntroductionChapter goal: Provide a short introduction into why this book was written and what the readers can expect.Chapter 2 Architecture originChapter goal: This chapter describes the origins of Enterprise Architecture. What created the need for structure to which Enterprise Architecture proved to be the answer? A timeline is used to provide insight into the key events that led to the emergence, evolution, and maturation of architecture. Finally, a brief explanation of the structure of the two best-known architecture frameworks (the Zachman Framework™ and the TOGAF Standard) is provided. The chapter concludes with the similarities and differences between the two frameworks.• Timeline• Zachman Framework• The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF)• Similarities and differencesChapter 3 Architecture definitionChapter goal: In Chapter 3, the definition of architecture is given. We learn that there are several definitions and that each interpretation of the field has a different point of view. The various definitions are all correct in themselves, even though they differ slightly from each other. Giving an unambiguous definition of architecture turns out to be not so easy.Chapter 4 Architecture domainsChapter goal: The present chapter discusses and explains the existence of architecture layers and domains. The importance of information concepts is discussed as the main factor for the introduction of an additional architecture domain; Information Architecture.Chapter 5 Architecture rolesChapter goal: Chapter 5 examines the growth of the profession and the relationship of that growth to the emergence of the motley collection of architecture roles. The role of the Enterprise Architect is described in more detail, and the similarities between this role and that of the Business Architect are noted. Other architecture roles are briefly reviewed to give an idea of the variety of roles that have emerged over the years.• Enterprise ArchitectChapter 6 Architecture visualizationChapter goal: This chapter focuses on visualizing the architecture. In order to communicate with the organization and its stakeholders, it is necessary to use a common language. This emphasizes the importance of consistency in the method of communication, as well as the use of uniformity. To achieve this, a unified modeling language must be used when visualizing architectural models and diagrams.Chapter 6 also discusses the origins of the modeling language and identifies and explains the architectural elements used in this book. The architecture products (deliverables) catalog, matrix, diagram, and map are discussed, and the importance of using a good architecture tool is emphasized. Finally, the need for an architecture repository is addressed, and reasons are given why products such as an office suite are inadequate.• Uniform modeling languageo Architecture elements• Catalogs, matrices and diagrams• The right toolseto Architecture RepositoryChapter 7 Architecture positioningChapter goal: Chapter 7 looks at how architecture can be positioned in an organization. The four different ways described by the TOGAF Standard are each briefly explained, and the implications of each positioning are noted. Examples of architecture work appropriate to each positioning are also given.Chapter 8 Architecture implementationChapter goal: Chapter 8 describes the actual implementation of a basic Enterprise Architecture. Guided by the Enterprise Architecture Implementation Wheel and using clearly defined architecture products (deliverables), each domain of the Enterprise Architecture is mapped out. Each of the stages defined in the Enterprise Architecture Implementation Wheel is covered in detail. The stages of documenting, defining, implementing and monitoring are discussed step by step. Through personal experience, examples, and detailed explanations, the reader works toward implementing a basic Enterprise Architecture.• Documento Informationo Stakeholders• Defineo Maturityo Frameworko Strategy• Executeo Strategyo Roadmap• Controlo Measure progressChapter 9 Next stepsChapter goal: Chapter 9 discusses the steps that can be taken after the basic Enterprise Architecture has been implemented. In doing so, it looks beyond the horizon of the initial implementation and provides guidance for further expansion and growth in the maturity of the Enterprise Architecture. For each stage of the Enterprise Architecture Implementation Wheel, it identifies the growth opportunities that exist and the architecture products that can play a role in further maturing the Enterprise Architecture.Chapter 10 Architecture applicationChapter goal: Chapter 10 uses a very concrete example to show how an implemented basic Enterprise Architecture can be used to address a strategic issue. The example uses a fictitious organization facing a challenge. The application of the various Enterprise Architecture products illustrates and emphasizes the structure that a baseline implementation can provide in moving from strategy to execution.

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Book SynopsisAn overview of the latest advances in manufacturing In manufacturing, staying up to date with the newest technology has a direct impact on the bottom line. To this end, Advances in Manufacturing Technology XV provides an invaluable resource: papers presented at the 15th National Conference on Manufacturing Research, highlighting the latest findings and ongoing work of the world's leading labs. Showcasing innovation in efficiency, speed, safety, capability, and much more, these works represent the forefront of manufacturing today.Table of ContentsKeynote papers. Management. Design and product development. Manufacturing technology. Layer manufacturing processes. CAD/CAM. Process planning and scheduling. Business process re-engineering. Manufacturing systems. Measurement and inspectio. Robotics. (Part Contents).

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Book SynopsisDesign and Manufacture for Sustainable Development brings together a collection of papers from a conference held at the University of Liverpool in June 2002 that inspire the interchange of ideas on the theory, technology, tools, and methodology for the entire product life cycle within the framework of sustainable development. It also embraces key subjects including strategy, design, materials, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, disposal, recycling, and auditing. TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE: Philosophy of, and strategy for, sustainable technologies Design principles for sustainable development Sustainable manufacturing technologies Use of recycling/bio-degradable materials Re-use and recycling design and technologies Tools for sustainable product design Measurement and auditing Best practices and case studies Impact of emerging legislation International trends and future development. Sustainable development will have a fundamental impact on the engineering community since, through design and manufacture, we are responsible for the use of energy, materials, and processes for the complete product life cycle. This is an essential volume for the bookshelves of those wanting to be well informed about this evolving technology.Table of ContentsPart 1 Keynote papers: concept, context and co-operation for sustainable technology, J.C. van Weenen; methods and elements towards sustainable products - BMW's strategy in design for recycling and the environment, W. Fried et al; sustainability in fast-moving consumer goods, M. Shaw; sustainable development -professional practice and systems thinking, A. Hall and S. Martin. Part 2 Overviews: evaluation of effective improvement strategies and successful measures for sustainable product design, R. Zust and W. Wimmer; sustainable product development - a view from the front line, G. Kane et al; implications of the integrated product policy (IPP) in new products design and development, M. Sorli et al; CIAM and North-eastern industry - the road to sustainability, T.D. Short et al; standardizing sustainability, R. Valentine. Part 3 New approaches and ideas: taking public perceptions of risk into account in engineering design for sustainable development - a multi-attribute decision making framework, J. Harvey et al; incorporating life-cycle cost into early product development, J.-H. Park and K.-K. Seo; a methodology to support the implementation of product recovery, A. Rahimifard et al; method and tools for the development of environmentally sound products, S. Leibrecht and R. Anderl; a web-based tool for design for sustainability of made-to-order products, P. Norman. Part 4 Manufacturing focus: object-oriented modelling of deep drawn tailored blanks, J. Ullrich and P. Groche; applications for eco-sufficient surface machining with dry ice blasting, E. Uhlmann et al; innovative machining technologies and tools for the disassembly of consumer goods, E. Uhlmann et al; dry machining of cast aluminium automotive wheels -innovative cutting tool design for improved machining performance and environmentally conscious manufacturing, I.S. Jawahir et al. Part 5 Advances in the electronics sector: development of a generic model for life-cycle inventory (LCI) of upstream processes in life-cycle assessment (LCA) of electronic products, A.S.G. Androe and J. Liu; the recycling of telecommunication products - a case study in a Brazilian company, A.C.C. Marques et al; telephone re-manufacture - sustainable development in action, K. Snowdon et al. Part 6 Educational issues: a case study approach to the teaching of design for sustainability - the Royal Academy of Engineering scheme for visiting professors, P. Norman et al; educational challenges of web-based case studies in sustainable development, M. Hutchings et al.

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Book SynopsisComputer-aided Production Engineering contains valuable information from both industry and academia to discuss progress in research and development in this major branch of engineering that affects all industrialized countries. Manufacturing globally has witnessed major transitions, the rapid advancement in electronics and communication technologies enables design and manufacture to proceed on an international dimension that until now could not be anticipated. The advent of these technologies has affected large, medium, and small-sized enterprises throughout the world. Emphasis is moving towards procedures that employ innovative and new uses of computer-aided production engineering techniques as an aid to the manufacture of prostheses, by well-known methods of computer-aided design and manufacture, and the use of agile manufacture and robotics. Computer-aided Production Engineering will be of great interest for all those involved in product design, manufacturing processes, automated machinery, and the most up-to-date advances in this far-reaching area of engineering. Topics covered include: Computer-aided Design and Manufacture Computer-aided Process Planning Quality in Manufacturing and Design Concurrent Engineering and Design for Manufacture Production and Control AI Applications in Manufacturing Manufacturing and Supply Chain Management Manufacturing Processes Rapid Prototyping Robotics in Medicine Computer-aided Orthopaedic Surgery Table of ContentsComputer-aided Design and Manufacture Population seeding for genetic algorithms G Passannanti and N Scalzo 3 Application of reverse engineering to end-of-life cycle product disassembly L M Galantucci, G Percoco, and R Spina 11 Identifying three-dimensional object features using shape distributions H J Rea, R Sung, J Corney, and D Clark 23 Integrated facilities planning system for automated factory K Mori and S Shindo 33 From concept design to CAD models using reverse engineering G Smith and T Claustre 43 Development of an experimental container for the fluid science laboratory of the international space station C Stein, D K Harrison, and A K M De Silva 53 Computer aided programming for NC-electrochemical contour evolution machining (NC-ECCEM) of integral impellers J Xu, Y Zhu, P Hu, and N Yun 63 Optimization of NC-point distribution for five-axis high-speed milling H Fenkl, D K Harrison, and A K M De Silva 71 Computer-aided Process Planning A method for the representation of assembly processes on mobile devices S Parisi, C Matysczok, H Krumm, and A Barcellona 87 Study of the optimization of a tendering process in warship refit D A Fleming, G A Forbes, L E Hayfron, A H B Duffy, and P D Ball 95 Computer-aided process design system for axi-symmetric deep drawing P V Vijayakumar and N Venkata Reddy 105 Metal working process and the associated skill modelling in UML - a case study of grinding troubleshooting S Ito, T Kojima, and K Ai 113 Inventory sorting rules and dispatching strategies for scheduling jobs in FMSs using a real-time genetic algorithm M A Shouman, A A Aboul-Nour, H Al-Awady, and M Abdel-Fatah 123 Quality in Manufacturing and Design A neural network approach for predicating roundness error in turning M A Younes and M A Shouman 139 A procedure of controlling the quality of cast iron parts using ultrasound technique A Attanasio, E Ceretti, C Giardini, and E Gentili 149 A systems approach to manufacturing process optimization, including design of experiments and Kaizen techniques G Howell 159 Orbital electrochemical finishing of holes using stationary tools H El-Hofy, N Al-Salem, and M A Younes 169 A comparison of discriminator performance in fault diagnosis C H Wood, D K Harrison, and T S Sihra 179 Concurrent Engineering and Design for Manufacture Controlling part variety through design reuse - retrieving two-dimensional drawings from a sketch D M Love and J A Barton 187 Application of integrated CAD/CAE systems in the process of hip joint reconstruction M Pawlikowski, A M DAbrowska-Tkaczyk, K Skalski, and G Wroblewski 189 On concurrent engineering and design of an intervertebral disc of lumbar spine M Dietrich, K Kedzior, K Skalski, T Zagrejek, G Krzesinski, J Skoworodko, P Borkowski, and P Wymyslowski 199 Production and Control Application of workflow technology for workshop scheduling W Zhou, J Zhu, and Z Wei 223 A knowledge-based sequencing strategy for multiple product lines A Khan and A Day 231 Performance measurement based co-ordination of enterprise resource planning systems in a virtual enterprise Y Zhang and A K Kochhar 241 AI Applications in Manufacturing AI-based optimization method for the analysis of co-ordinate measurements within integrated CAD/CAM/CAE systems S Zietarski 253

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Book SynopsisDuring the three decades following the Second World War, and before the advent of personal computers, government investment in university research in North America and the UK funded multidisciplinary projects to investigate the use of computers for manufacturing and design. Designing the Computational Image, Imagining Computational Design explores this period of remarkable inventiveness, and traces its repercussions on architecture and other creative fields through a selection of computational designers working today. Situating contemporary expressions of design in relation to broader historical, disciplinary, and technical frames, the book showcases the confluence, during the second half of the 20th century, of publicly funded technical innovations in software, geometry, and hardware with a cultural imaginary of design endowing computer-generated images with both geometric plasticity and a new type of agency as operative design artifacts.Table of ContentsMaterialities 16 Images to Think With Daniel Cardoso Llach 24 On the Surface Theodora Vardouli Archive 36 Servomechanisms Laboratory, MIT, United States 48 Cambridge CAD Group, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom 50 Sperry Gyroscope Co. of Canada Ltd., Canada Works 54 Ben Snell 56 BairBalliet (Kristy Balliet and Kelly Bair) 58 Joseph Choma 61 Vernelle Noel 64 Jonah Marrs 66 Nicolas Reeves 67 Jer Thorp and Diane Thorp Visualities 102 The Computer-Aided Design Project, MIT, United States 114 Cambridge CAD Group, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom 119 University of Utah, United States 120 Bell Labs, United States 126 McGill University, Canada 130 Computer Graphics Group, University of Toronto, Canada 142 Alan Warburton 143 Dana Cupkova 144 Andrew Heumann 146 Zach Lieberman 150 Carl Lostritto 151 Joseph Choma 152 Golan Levin 154 BairBalliet (Kristy Balliet and Kelly Bair) 156 Benedikt Groß 157 Kyuha Shim 158 Ben Snell 160 Shaheer Zazai 161 Jonah Marrs Agencies 240 The Computer-Aided Design Project, MIT, United States 250 The Architecture Machine, MIT, United States 254 Institute for Physical Planning, CMU, United States 260 Centre for Land Use and Built Form Studies, Cambridge University, United Kingdom 261 Centre for Configurational Studies, The Open University, United Kingdom 262 University of Waterloo, Canada 266 Civil Engineering Systems Laboratory, MIT, United States 268 University of Toronto, Canada 270 Harvard Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis, United States 272 Université de Montréal, Canada 273 Université Laval, Canada 274 Royal Architectural Institute of Canada journal, Canada 280 Madeline Gannon 281 George Stiny 282 Felecia Davis and Delia Dumitrescu 283 Dana Cupkova and Daragh Byrne 284 Jürg Lehni 286 Golan Levin 287 Elizabeth Vander Zaag 289 Daniel Iregui 292 Rafael Lozano-Hemmer 293 Jean Dubois 294 Joanna Berzowska 296 Philip Beesley Materialities Essays 70 Binary Image, Visual Latency Andrés Burbano 74 The Manufacturing Hand: Tactility and Abstraction in Robotics Emek Erdolu 78 Olympic Calculations Sean Keller 82 Processing Models, Modeling Processes for the HfG Ulm ca. 1952 Anna-Maria Meister Conversations 88 Unsmooth Images: A Conversation about the Materialities of Computational Design Kristy Balliet, Sean Keller, Nathalie Bredella, and Jonah Marrs moderated by Molly Wright Steenson 374 Biographies 380 Acknowledgments 382 Exhibition credits 383 Photo credits Visualities 164 Materialities of Shiny Surfacing with Chrome Akshita Sivakumar 170 “Digit Goes to Hawaii” (1976) and “Baby Eyes” (1984) Gabriela Aceves Sepúlveda 176 Depth and Historical Vision in Computer Simulation Jacob Gaboury 180 Topology, Crystals, and A Multitude of Futures David Theodore 184 “Metamorphosis” (1976) by Lillian Schwartz Olga Touloumi 190 Interfaces of the Self: A Conversation about the Structures and Histories of ComputationalImages Joseph Choma, Carl Lostritto, Theodora Vardouli, and Jacob Gaboury moderated byOlga Touloumi 202 Imagination Machines: A Conversation with George Stiny Moderated by Daniel Cardoso Llach and Theodora Vardouli 218 Computer Art and Information Aesthetics: A Conversation with Leslie Mezei and Frieder Nake Moderated by Theodora Vardouli 300 Data for Decision (film, 1967) Moa Carlsson 304 Seeing with a Machine: Notes on Early SpatialComputing Ranjodh Singh Dhaliwal 308 Alternative Land-Use Map of a Simulated City Matthew Allen 312 @home Mario Carpo 318 Digital Pantheisms: A Conversation About Computational Agencies across Art and Design Madeline Gannon, Andrew Heumann, Dana Cupkova, and Golan Levin moderated by FeleciaDavis 332 Feminist Embodiments of Interactivity: A Conversation with Elizabeth Vander Zaag Moderated by Gabriela Aceves Sepúlveda 350 Machine Misbehavior and Ethical Interfaces: A Conversation with Rachel Strickland and PaulPangaro Moderated by Daniel Cardoso Llach

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Book SynopsisThe new paradigm Industry 5.0 promises great shifts not only in industry, but also in business and consumption models. With the help of data science and internet of things, manufacturers focus on delivering in real time, and customers will benefit from personalized products. Robots and cobots will collaborate with the humans. This book explains various facets of Industry 5.0, focusing on its applications on medical research and manufacturing.

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Book Synopsis As a mature topic in chemical engineering, the book provides methods, problems and tools used in process control engineering. It discusses: process knowledge, sensor system technology, actuators, communication technology, and logistics, design and construction of control systems and their operation. The knowledge goes beyond the traditional process engineering field by applying the same principles, to biomedical processes, energy production and management of environmental issues. The book explains all the determinations in the "chemical systems" or "process systems", starting from the beginning of the processes, going through the intricate interdependency of the process stages, analyzing the hardware components of a control system and ending with the design of an appropriate control system for a process parameter or a whole process. The book is first addressed to the students and graduates of the departments of Chemical or Process Engineering. Second, to the chemical or process engineers in all industries or research and development centers, because they will notice the resemblance in approach from the system and control point of view, between different fields which might seem far from each other, but share the same control philosophy.

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Book SynopsisFollow step-by-step explanations to understand mathematical models – algebraic and differential equations – of chemical reactors and how numerical models workin computer implementation. Learn the basics behind current user-friendly tools in numerical simulation and optimization of reactor systems (Python, Matlab, Julia and gPROMS). Discover how to select the right algorithm for specific reactor models from homogenous to multiphase systems and structured reactors in detailed discussions at the end of each chapter. In this second edition, 20 solved example simulations performed in MATLAB and Python are included for demonstration purposes. Download solutions to exercises in the book: http://web.abo.fi/fak/tkf/tek/cre/. .

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Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to remove the barriers to the Global Optimization of Plant Utility Systems by providing practical tools and techniques to deal with the unique challenges in the Global Optimization of Plant Utility Systems. The operating cost of a typical Plant Utility System of a typical Industrial Production Process Plant is enormous often in tens if not hundreds of millions of dollars per annum; with so much money at stake, one would expect that heroic optimization efforts would be made to reduce the operating cost, however such is usually not the case. One reason for this complacency is that Plant Utility Systems are usually "cost centers" in Process Plants and their operating cost is prorated amongst the various Production Units, so it suffers from what is at times referred to as "the tragedy of the commons". Another reason for this complacency is that the Plant Utility System structure is significantly different than that of other Production Units as for flexibility and safety reasons it has a large spare capacity to meet increased utility demand during startups, shutdowns, and emergencies. The existence of a spare equipment necessitates optimization of discrete decisions whereby traditional optimization techniques do not readily apply.　　 Part of the problem is that the traditional engineering curriculum primarily emphasizes only one of the many optimization methods, called Non-Linear Programming (NLP). Although NLP can address large classes of optimization problems, it, unfortunately, has fairly stringent requirements that all describing relationships (or functions) be continuous and have continuous derivatives. Additionally, in general, NLP only guarantees a local but not the global optimum. Another optimization method is particularly well suited for modeling Plant Utility Systems is called Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). And unlike NLP, MILP methods can guarantee global optimum, which is very reassuring. MILP, however, does impose linearity requirements but as discussed in this book there are techniques to overcome this limitation. 　

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Book SynopsisThis book covers the most important topics that people working as process control engineers and plant operators will encounter. It focuses on PID control, explains when to use P-, PI-, PD- or PID control as well as PID tuning and includes difficult to control process nonlinearities such as valve stiction or sensor problems. The book also explains advanced control strategies that are necessary when single loop control gives insufficient results. The key features of the text in front of you are: This book is a result of teaching the material to industrial practitioners over three decades and four previous editions in Swedish, each of which was a refi nement of the previous one. A key contribution of this book is the careful selection of what is required when you are at a plant and have to make sense of what you see. The book is written in such a way that it does not assume mathematical knowledge above the compulsory school level. Process control sits between control engineering and process or chemical engineering and often there is a distinct gap between the two. By explaining both the fundamentals of control and the processes the book is written to appeal to control engineers and process engineers alike. The book includes exercises and solutions and thus lends itself for teaching in the classroom.

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Book SynopsisAlgorithms are ubiquitous in the contemporary technological world, and they ultimately consist of finite sequences of instructions used to accomplish tasks with necessary input values. This book analyses the top performing algorithms in areas as diverse as Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Optimization Techniques and Cloud & Cyber Security Systems in order to explore their power and limitations.

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Book SynopsisManufacturing today means that more complex products must be brought to the market at a dramatically reduced time. In order to achieve this, efficient tools must be used such as CAD/CAM in combination with the new fast field of rapid prototyping. Prototyping can be a potential bottle neck in a product development activity. A delay in bringing the product to market can cause a disaster for the whole product. This work examines layer manufacturing and these related issues.

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Book SynopsisThis volume represents a part of the final documentation of the project, Layer Manufacturing as a Tool for Reduction of Product Lead Time, called NOR-LMT, founded by Nordic Fund for Technology and Industrial Development, the national research councils in the four countries, and industry. The NOR-LMT project was designed in order to adapt Layer Manufacturing Technology (LMT) to industrial use, and to transfer the technology to the Nordic industry. This intends to develop design procedures, to adapt the different processes to cost efficient use, and to promote industry to take the new and promising technology into practical use.

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