Computer-aided design (CAD) Books

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Book SynopsisTimely, authoritative, application-oriented. an in-depthexploration of current and future uses of FPGAs in digital systemsThe development of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may wellbe the most important breakthrough for the microelectronicsindustry since the invention of the microprocessor. Using FPGAs, asystem designer working on a PC can now develop a working prototypein a few hours and change it at will in just a few minutes, ratherthan waiting weeks or months for a printed-circuit assembly or acustom integrated circuit to be built. This newfound ability tochange a system by simply altering its configuration memory is alsoleading to exciting new forms of computing, such as arrayapplications that exploit parallelism. Now in a book that functionsequally well as a working professional reference and apedagogically consistent computer engineering text, John V.Oldfield and Richard C. Dorf: * Provide a detailed overview of FPGAs in digital systemsdesign * Explain the underlyTable of ContentsSystem Implementation Strategies. Review of Logic Design and Electrical Aspects. Introduction to FPGA Architecture. Design Process Flows and Software Tools. Case Studies. Computational Applications. Business Development. Recent Developments. Afterword. Glossary. Index.

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Book SynopsisA definitive user''s guide to the U.S. National CAD Standard The Architect''s Guide to the U.S. National CAD Standard helps make the National CAD Standard (NCS) more accessible to architects by presenting: * Clear and succinct explanations of concepts and options in the NCS * A step-by-step approach to seamlessly implement standardized drawings in any size firm * Successful strategies design firms can use to best take advantage of the NCS requirements The Architect''s Guide to the U.S. National CAD Standard presents an informative overview of the NCS, including illustrations and frequently asked questions. It shows architects how to minimize immediate costs and downtime, how to reap immediate benefits, and how best to learn the system at an individualized pace. Used side by side with the Standard, this authoritative guide offers helpful insight into how the NCS is likely to be interpreted and presents a variety of available options forTable of ContentsAbout This Book xi Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 1 Drawing Set Organization 13 2 Sheet Organization 25 3 Schedules 45 4 Drafting Conventions 63 5 Terms and Abbreviations 71 6 Symbols 81 7 Notations 89 8 Code Conventions 115 9 AIA CAD Layer Guidelines 127 10 Plotting Guidelines 137 11 Implementation 147 Appendix A: List of Sheets: Example for Level 1 Discipline Designators 159 Appendix B: List of Sheets: Example for Level 2 Discipline Designators 165 Appendix C: Sheet Keynote Office Master: Example for Architectural Sheets 171 Appendix D: Reference Keynote Office Master: Example for Architectural Sheets 173 Appendix E: Sample CAD Layer Names for Architectural Sheets 215 Appendix F: Supplement to AIA Document G612-2001: Owner’s Instructions to the Architect for Construction Drawing Standards–Part D 217 Glossary 223 Bibliography 237 Index 239

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Book SynopsisDiffractive optical elements (DOEs) are becoming more and more widely used in a braod range of fields, including telecommunications, optical computing, consumer electronics, laser material processing and the biomedical sciences, to manipulate light through micro-optical systems.Trade Review"This excellent book is a model of what a contemporary technical textbook shoud be" "...wll be valuable reading..." (www.profbooks.com, 4 January 2001)Table of ContentsIntroduction: From Diffraction to Diffractive Optics. Design and Simulation of Diffractive Optical Elements. DOE Fabrication and Replication Techniques. CAD/CAM Tools for DOEs. DOE Fabrication Tolerancing Analysis. DOE Mask Layout Generation. System-Oriented DOE Designs: Examples. Conclusion. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis collection of papers provides an overview of low-power system design, from component technologies and circuits to architecture, system design, and CAD techniques.Table of ContentsPreface. OVERVIEW. Low Power Microelectronics: Retrospect and Prospect (J. Meindl). Micropower IC (E. Vittoz). Low-Power CMOS Digital Design (A. Chandrakasan, et al.). CMOS Scaling for High Performance and Low-Power—The Next Ten Years (B. Davari, et al.). LOW VOLTAGE TECHNOLOGIES AND CIRCUITS. Low-Voltage Technologies and Circuits (T. Kuroda & T. Sakurai). Threshold Voltage Scaling and Control. Ion-Implanted Complementary MOS Transistors in Low-Voltage Circuits (R. Swanson & J. Meindl). Trading Speed for Low Power by Choice of Supply and Threshold Voltages (D. Liu & C. Svensson). Limitation of CMOS Supply-Voltage Scaling by MOSFET Threshold-Voltage Variation (S. Sun & P. Tsui). Multiple Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS). 1-V Power Supply High-Speed Digital Circuit Technology with Multithreshold Voltage CMOS (S. Mutoh, et al.). A 1-V Multi-Threshold Voltage CMOS DSP with an Efficient Power Management Technique for Mobile Phone Application (S. Mutoh, et al.). Substrate Bias Controlled Variable Threshold CMOS. 50% Active-Power Saving Without Speed Degradation Using Standby Power Reduction (SPR) Circuit (K. Seta, et al.). A 0.9V, 150MHz 10mW 4mm2, 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform Core Processor with Variable Threshold-Voltage (VT) Scheme (T. Kuroda, et al.). Silicon-on-Insulator Based Technologies. SOI CMOS for Low Power Systems (D. Antoniadis). Back Gated CMOS on SOIAS for Dynamic Threshold Voltage Control (I. Yang, et al.). Design of Low Power CMOS/SOI Devices and Circuits for Memory and Signal Processing Applications (L. Thon & G. Shahidi). A Dynamic Threshold Voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) for Very Low Voltage Operation (F. Assaderaghi, et al.). A 0.5V SIMOX-MTCMOS Circuit with 200ps Logic Gate (T. Douseki, et al.). EFFICIENT DC-DC CONVERSION AND ADAPTIVE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS. Efficient Low Voltage DC-DC Converter Design. A Low-Voltage CMOS DC-DC Converter for a Portable Battery-Operated System (A. Stratakos, et al.). Ultra Low-Power Control Circuits for PWM Converters (A. Dancy & A. Chandrakasan). Adaptive Power Supply Systems. A Voltage Reduction Technique for Battery Operated Systems (V. von Kaenel, et al.). Automatic Adjustment of Threshold and Supply Voltage for Minimum Power Consumption in CMOS Digital Circuits (V. von Kaenel, et al.). Low-Power Operation Using Self-Timed Circuits and Adaptive Scaling of the Supply Voltage (L. Nielsen, et al.). A Low-Power Switching Power Supply for Self-Clocked Systems (G. Wei & M. Horowitz). Variable-Voltage Digital-Signal Processing (V. Gutnik & A. Chandrakasan). Scheduling for Reduced CPU Energy (M. Weiser, et al.). CIRCUIT AND LOGIC STYLES. Conventional Circuit and Logic Styles. Silicon-Gate CMOS Frequency Divider for the Electronic Wrist Watch (E. Vittoz, et al.). CODYMOS Frequency Dividers Achieve Low Power Consumption and High Frequency (H. Oguey & E. Vittoz). Short-Circuit Dissipation of Static CMOS Circuitry and Its Impact on the Design of Buffer Circuits (H. Veendrick). A 3.8ns CMOS 16x16 Multiplier Using Complementary Pass Transistor Logic (K. Yano, et al.). A High-Speed, Low-Power, Swing Restored Pass-Transistor Logic Based Multiply and Accumulate Circuit for Multimedia Applications (A. Parameswar, et al.). Static Power Driven Voltage Scaling and Delay Driven Buffer Sizing in Mixed Swing QuadRail for Sub-IV I/O Swings (R. Krishnamurthy, et al.). The Power Consumption of CMOS Adders and Multiliers (T. Callaway & E. Swartzlander, Jr.). Delay Balanced Multipliers for Low Power/Low Voltage DSP Core (T. Sakuta, et al.). Asynchronous Does Not Imply Low Power, But, ... (K. Van Berkel, et al.). Latches and Flip-Flops for Low-Power Systems (C. Svensson & J. Yuan). Adiabatic Logic Circuits. Zig-Zag Path to Understanding (R. Landauer). A Low-Power Multiphase Circuit Technique (B. Watkins). Asymptotically Zero Energy Split-Level Charge Recovery Logic (S. Younis & T. Knight). Low Power Ditigal Systems Based on Adiabatic Switching Principles (W. Athas, et al.). Adiabatic Dynamic Logic (A. Dickinson & J. Denker). DRIVING INTERCONNECT. Sub-1-V Swin Internal Bus Architecture for Future Low-Power ULSIs (Y. Nakagome, et al.). Data-Dependent Logic Swing Internal Bus Architecture for Ultra Low-Power LSIs (M. Hiraki, et al.). An Asymptotically Zero Power Charge-Recycling Bus Architecture for Battery-Operated Ultra-High Data Rate ULSIs (H. Yamauchi, et al.). Bus-Invert Coding for Low Power I/O (M. Stan & W. Burleson). A Sub-CV2 Pad Driver with 10 ns Transition Time (L. Svensson, et al.). MEMORY CIRCUITS. Reviews and Prospects of Low-Power Memory Circuits (K. Itoh). DRAM. Trends in Low-Power RAM Circuit Technologies (K. Itoh, et al.). Standby/Active Mode Logic for Sub-1V Operating ULSI Memory (D. Takashima, et al.). A Charge Recycle Refresh for Gb-scale DRAM's in File Application (T. Kawahara, et al.). SRAM. A 1-V 1-Mb SRAM for Portable Equipment (H. Morimura & N. Shibata). A Single Bitline Cross-Point Cell Activation (SCPA) Architecture for Ultra-Low-Power SRAMs (M. Ukita, et al.). Techniques to Reduce Power in Fast Wide Memories (B. Amrutur & M. Horowitz). A 2-ns, 5-mW, Synchronous-Powered Static-Circuit Associative TLB (H. Higuchi, et al.). Driving Source-Line (DSL) Cell Architecture for Sub-1-V High Speed Low Power Applications (H. Mizuno & T Nagano). PORTABLE TERMINAL ELECTRONICS. General Purpose Processor Design. Energy Dissipation in General Purpose Microprocessors (R. Gonzalez & M. Horowitz). Energy Efficient CMOS Microprocessor Design (T. Burd & R. Brodersen). A 160MHz 32b 0.5W CMOS RISC Microprocessor (J. Montanaro, et al.). A 320MHz, 1.5mW @ 1.35V CMOS PLL for Microprocessor Clock Generation (V. Von Kaenel, et al.). Dedicated and Programmable Digital Signal Processors. A Low-Power Chipset for a Portable Multimedia I/O Terminal (A. Chandrakasan, et al.). A Portable Real-Time Video Decoder for Wireless Communication (T. Meng, et al.). Low Power Design of Memory Intensive Functions (D. Lidsky & J. Rabaey). A 16b Low-Power Digital Signal Processor (K. Ueda, et al.). A 1.8V 36mW DSP for the Half-Rate Speech CODEC (T. Shiraishi, et al.). Design of a 1-V Programmable DSP for Wireless Communication (P. Landman, et al.). Stage-Skip Pipeline: A Low Power Processor Architecture Using a Decoded Instruction Buffer (M. Hiraki, et al.). COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN TOOLS. Power Analysis Techniques. Transition Density: A New Measure of Activity in Digital Circuits (E. Najm). Estimation of Average Switching Activity in Combinational and Sequential Circuits (A. Ghosh, et al.). Power Estimation for Sequential Logic Circuits (C. Tsui, et al.). A Monte Carlo Approach for Power Estimation (R. Burch, et al.). Stratified Random Sampling for Power Estimation (C.-S. Ding, et al.). A Survey of High-Level Power Estimation Techniques (P. Landman). Activity-Sensitive Architectural Power Analysis (P. Landman & J. Rabaey). Power Analysis of Embedded Software: A First Step Towards Software Power Minimization (V. Tiwari, et al.). Power Optimization Techniques. Technology Mapping for Low Power (V. Tiwari, et al.). POSE: Power Optimization and Synthesis Environment (S. Iman & M. Pedram). Transformation and Synthesis of FSMs fo Low-Power Gated-Clock Implementation (L. Benini & G. De Micheli). Precomputation-Based Sequential Logic Optimization for Low Power (M. Alidina, et al.). Glitch Analysis and Reduction in Register Transfer Level Power Optimization (A. Raghunathan, et al.). Exploiting Locality for Low-Power Design (R. Mehra, et al.). HYPER-LP: A System for Power Minimization Using Architectural Transformations (A. Chandrakasan, et al.). Variable Voltage Scheduling (S. Raje & M. Sarrafzadeh). System)-Level Transformations for Low Power Data Transfer and Storage (F. Catthoor, et al.). Author Index. Index.

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Book SynopsisResearch on high-level synthesis started over twenty years ago, but lower-level tools were not available to seriously support the insertion of high-level synthesis into the mainstream design methodology.Trade Review`Recommended for anyone requiring a firm foundation in the principles of behavioural synthesis.' Table of ContentsPreface. 1. Introduction. 2. Architectural Models in Synthesis. 3. Quality Measures. 4. Design Description Languages. 5. Design Representation and Transformations. 6. Partitioning. 7. Scheduling. 8. Allocation. 9. Design Methodology for High-Level Synthesis. Bibliography. Index.

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Book SynopsisSmartgeometry (SG) is a key influence on the architectural community who explore creative computational methods for the design of buildings. An informal international network of practitioners and researchers, the group meets annually to experiment with new technologies and collaborate to develop digital design techniques.Table of ContentsForeword 6-7 by Brett Steele Introduction 8-19 by Brady Peters and Terri Peters The Origins of Smartgeometry 20-35 by Hugh Whitehead, Lars Hesselgren and J Parrish First Build Your Tools 36-49 by Robert Aish Parametric Evolution 50-59 by Branko Kolarevic Matrix Architecture 60-71 by Jenny E Sabin Metrics of Human Experience 72-79 by Roly Hudson and Michael Westlake Interacting with the Model 80-91 by Neil Katz, with Bess Krietemeyer and Tobias Schwinn Responsive Design: Towards an Ecology of Objects and People 92-101 by Andre Chaszar, Anton Savov, Peter Liebsch and Sascha Bohnenberger Design Flow and Tool Flux 102-111 by Robert Woodbury The Sound of Smartgeometry 112-121 by Brady Peters Design Exploration and Steering of Design 122-129 by Axel Kilian Geometry: How Smart Do You Have To Be? 130-141 by Chris Williams GenerativeComponents and Smartgeometry: Situated Software Development 142-153 by Volker Mueller and Makai Smith From Descriptive Geometry to Smartgeometry: First Steps towards Digital Architecture 154-165 by Mark Burry EXPLORING Human–Computer Interaction IN DESIGN PROCESS 166-175 by Flora Salim and Przemek Jaworski Designing Intelligence: DIY Robotics for Responsive Environments 176-185 by Nick Puckett Encoding Design 186-195 by Fabian Scheurer Working Prototypes, Creating Knowledge 196-205 by Shane Burger and Xavier De Kestelier Mind the Gap: Stories of Exchange 206-217 by CASE Designing Robotic Assemblies 218-231 by Tobias Bonwetsch The Practice of Smartgeometry 232-241 by Hugh Whitehead Digital Crafting: Performative Thinking for Material Design 242-253 by Mette Ramsgard Thomsen and Martin Tamke Design Robotics: New Strategies for Material System Research 254-267 by Martin Bechthold Contributor Biographies 268-272

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Book SynopsisHere is a book that takes the sting out of learning object-oriented design patterns! Using vignettes from the fictional world of Harry Potter, author Avinash C. Kak provides a refreshing alternative to the typically abstract and dry object-oriented design literature. Designing with Objects is unique. It explains design patterns using the short-story medium instead of sterile examples. It is the third volume in a trilogy by Avinash C. Kak, following Programming with Objects (Wiley, 2003) and Scripting with Objects (Wiley, 2008). Designing with Objects confronts how difficult it is for students to learn complex patterns based on conventional scenarios that they may not be able to relate to. In contrast, it shows that stories from the fictional world of Harry Potter provide highly relatable and engaging models. After explaining core notions in a pattern and its typical use in real-world applications, each chapter shows how a pattern can be mapped to a Table of ContentsPREFACE xiv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix 1 Why Learn Design Patterns and Why Do So with Help from Harry Potter? 1 1.1 The OO Design Patterns “Bible” by GoF 2 1.2 But What Has Harry Potter Got to Do with OO Design Patterns? 4 1.3 Is Familiarity with Harry Potter a Requirement for Understanding This Book? 6 1.4 How the Pattern Explanations are Organized 7 1.5 The Terminology of Object-Oriented Programming 7 1.6 The UML Notation Used in the Class Diagrams 12 1.6.1 Association as a Relationship Between Classes 14 1.6.2 Aggregation and Composition as Relationships Between Classes 15 1.6.3 Representing Attributes 16 1.6.4 Representing Operations 17 I CREATIONAL PATTERNS 19 2 Abstract Factory 21 2.1 The Concept of a Factory in Software 21 2.2 Intent and Applicability 22 2.3 Introduction to the Abstract Factory Pattern 22 2.4 The Abstract Factory Pattern in Real-World Applications 23 2.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Abstract Factory Pattern 23 2.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 25 2.7 The Abstract Class Factory 27 2.8 The Helper Class FactoryStore 27 2.9 The Abstract Class Enchanted 30 2.10 The Concrete Classes for Magical Objects 31 2.11 The Concrete Factory Classes 32 2.12 The Client Class Diagon AlleyRetailer 34 2.13 Playing with the Code 36 3 Builder 38 3.1 Building Complex Objects 38 3.2 Intent and Applicability 39 3.3 Introduction to the Builder Pattern 39 3.4 The Builder Pattern in Real-World Applications 41 3.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Builder Pattern 42 3.6 A Top-Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 43 3.7 The Abstract Class PotionMaker 45 3.8 The Concrete Extensions of PotionMaker 46 3.9 The Director Class 52 3.10 The Potion Class 54 3.11 The Ingredient Class 55 3.12 The PotionMakingFeasibilityViolation Class 55 3.13 The Client Class 55 3.14 Playing with the Code 56 4 Factory Method 59 4.1 Revisiting the Concept of a Factory in Software 59 4.2 Intent and Applicability 60 4.3 Introduction to the Factory Method Pattern 60 4.4 The Factory Method Pattern in Real-World Applications 61 4.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Factory Method Pattern 62 4.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 63 4.7 The Enchanted Class Hierarchy 65 4.8 The ArtifactFactory Class Hierarchy and the Factory Methods Contained Therein 68 4.9 The Client Class 70 4.10 Playing with the Code 71 5 Prototype 73 5.1 Why Not Make New Objects by Copying Old Objects? 73 5.2 Intent and Applicability 74 5.3 Introduction to the Prototype Pattern 74 5.4 The Prototype Pattern in Real-World Applications 77 5.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate The Prototype Pattern 78 5.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 79 5.7 The Dragon Class 81 5.8 The PrototypeManagerAndDuplicator Class 84 5.9 The DragonAficionado Class 87 5.10 The UnknownDragonException Class 88 5.11 Playing with the Code 88 6 Singleton 90 6.1 Singular Objects 90 6.2 Intent and Applicability 90 6.3 Introduction to the Singleton Pattern 91 6.4 The Singleton Pattern in Real-World Applications 91 6.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Singleton Pattern 92 6.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 92 6.7 The MinisterForMagic Class 93 6.8 The TestSingleton Class 94 6.9 Variations on the Singleton Pattern 95 6.10 Playing with the Code 97 II STRUCTURAL PATTERNS 99 7 Adapter 101 7.1 Getting Things to Work Together 101 7.2 Intent and Applicability 102 7.3 Introduction to the Adapter Pattern 102 7.4 The Adapter Pattern in Real-World Applications 103 7.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Adapter Pattern 104 7.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 104 7.7 The Target Interface: TeachingDADA 106 7.8 The TeacherForDADA Class 107 7.9 The AdapterForSafeTeaching Class 108 7.10 The Client Class SchoolOfMagic 110 7.11 Object Adapter 111 7.12 Pluggable Adapter 113 7.13 Playing with the Code 119 8 Bridge 122 8.1 Concepts and Their Implementation 122 8.2 Intent and Applicability 123 8.3 Introduction to the Bridge Pattern 123 8.4 The Bridge Pattern in Real-World Applications 126 8.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Bridge Pattern 127 8.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 130 8.7 The Humanoid Class 130 8.8 The Dementor, Goblin, and HouseElf Classes 132 8.9 The Humanoid Imp Class 134 8.10 Implementation Classes for the Dementor, Goblin, and HouseElf Classes 137 8.11 The Client Class MinistryOfMagic 139 8.12 Playing with the Code 140 9 Composite 142 9.1 Relationships That Loop Back 142 9.2 Intent and Applicability 143 9.3 Introduction to the Composite Pattern 144 9.4 The Composite Pattern in Real-World Applications 145 9.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Composite Pattern 146 9.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 147 9.7 The WizardTraits Interface 148 9.8 The Wizard Class 149 9.9 The Auror Class 152 9.10 The Obliviator Class 153 9.11 The DepartmentHead Class 155 9.12 The Minister for Magic Class 156 9.13 The Client Class Test 158 9.14 Playing with the Code 159 10 Decorator 161 10.1 Onion as a Metaphor 161 10.2 Intent and Applicability 162 10.3 Introduction to the Decorator Pattern 162 10.4 The Decorator Pattern in Real-World Applications 164 10.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Decorator Pattern 165 10.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 168 10.7 The CoreMessageDeliveryClass Class 170 10.8 The Decorator Classes 170 10.9 The Client Class Test 172 10.10 Playing with the Code 173 11 Facade 175 11.1 Hiding Complexity 175 11.2 Intent and Applicability 175 11.3 Introduction to the Facade Pattern 176 11.4 The Facade Pattern in Real-World Applications 177 11.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Facade Pattern 177 11.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 179 11.7 The Abstract Root Class Facade 181 11.8 The Network Class 183 11.9 The Node, Link, and Path Classes 193 11.10 The Three Concrete Facade Classes 198 11.11 Testing the Demonstration Code 203 11.12 Playing with the Code 207 12 Flyweight 212 12.1 The Idea of Customized Duplications 212 12.2 Intent and Applicability 213 12.3 Introduction to the Flyweight Pattern 213 12.4 The Flyweight Pattern in Real-World Applications 214 12.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Flyweight Pattern 214 12.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 215 12.7 The HeadMasterPortrait Class 218 12.8 The FlyweightImageStore Class 218 12.9 The ImageManager Class 219 12.10 The PortraitBorderChoices Class 225 12.11 The ImageNotAvailableException Class 226 12.12 The PortraitMakerAssignment Class 226 12.13 Playing with the Code 228 12.14 Acknowledgment 229 13 Proxy 230 13.1 Is It Always Necessary to Have the Real Thing? 230 13.2 Intent and Applicability 230 13.3 Introduction to the Proxy Pattern 231 13.4 The Proxy Pattern in Real-World Applications 232 13.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Proxy Pattern 233 13.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 235 13.7 The Abstract Class Wizard 235 13.8 The DarkWizardTraits Interface 237 13.9 The DarkWizard Class 238 13.10 The DarkLord Class 242 13.11 The ClientClass Class 245 13.12 Playing with the Code 246 III BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS 249 14 Chain of Responsibility 253 14.1 Passing the Buck 253 14.2 Intent and Applicability 254 14.3 Introduction to the Chain of Responsibility Pattern 254 14.4 The Chain of Responsibility Pattern in Real-World Applications 255 14.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Chain of Responsibility Pattern 256 14.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 258 14.7 The Interface Class Violations 260 14.8 The Abstract Class Adjudicator 261 14.9 The Player Class 263 14.10 The Classes with the Authority to Resolve Violations 265 14.11 Testing the Code 268 14.12 Playing with the Code 269 15 Command 272 15.1 Actions Versus the Actors 272 15.2 Intent and Applicability 273 15.3 Introduction to the Command Pattern 274 15.4 The Command Pattern in Real-World Applications 274 15.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Command Pattern 276 15.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 277 15.7 The Command Interface 279 15.8 The MyPlaces Interface 279 15.9 The ProtectHarryPotter Class 279 15.10 The Wizard Class 282 15.11 The Squib Class 284 15.12 The Invoker Class 285 15.13 The UnableToProtectHarryPotterException Class 286 15.14 The Client Class 286 15.15 Playing with the Code 288 16 Interpreter 290 16.1 Parsing versus Interpretation 290 16.2 Intent and Applicability 292 16.3 Introduction to the Interpreter Pattern 292 16.4 The Interpreter Pattern in Real-World Applications 293 16.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Interpreter Pattern 294 16.6 A Parser Front-End for the Interpreter Pattern 296 16.7 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 304 16.8 The Driver Class 307 16.9 The Interpreter Sentence Class 310 16.10 The Worker Classes for Interpretation 312 16.11 The Utility Class ShowSyntaxTree 315 16.12 Playing with the Code 316 17 Iterator 321 17.1 Storing Object Collections and Interacting with Them 321 17.2 Intent and Applicability 323 17.3 Introduction to the Iterator Pattern 323 17.4 The Iterator Pattern in Real-World Applications 324 17.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Iterator Pattern 325 17.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 326 17.7 A Utility Interface for Demonstrating the Iterator Pattern 328 17.8 The Iterator Interface 330 17.9 The Fresher Class 330 17.10 The SortingHat Class 334 17.11 The MagicCollection Interface 344 17.12 The MagicList and MagicSet Classes 344 17.13 The Class Range 349 17.14 Playing with the Code 349 17.15 Credits 352 18 Mediator 353 18.1 The Role of Mediation in Collaborative Problem Solving 353 18.2 Intent and Applicability 354 18.3 Introduction to the Mediator Pattern 354 18.4 The Mediator Pattern in Real-World Applications 355 18.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Mediator Pattern 357 18.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 357 18.7 The Abstract Class Mediator 359 18.8 The Interface TrialElements 360 18.9 The MinistryOfMagicTrialMediator Class 361 18.10 The Witness Class 366 18.11 The Trial Interface 367 18.12 The HarryPotterTrial Class 367 18.13 Playing with the Code 369 19 Memento 371 19.1 Recalling the Past 371 19.2 Intent and Applicability 372 19.3 Introduction to the Memento Pattern 372 19.4 The Memento Pattern in Real-World Applications 374 19.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Memento Pattern 374 19.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 377 19.7 The HogwartsHappening Class and The Inner Memento Class 378 19.8 The Client Class 380 19.9 Playing with the Code 384 20 Observer 386 20.1 Subscription-Based Broadcasting 386 20.2 Intent and Applicability 387 20.3 Introduction to the Observer Pattern 387 20.4 The Observer Pattern in Real-World Applications 388 20.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Observer Pattern 389 20.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 391 20.7 The Observer Interface 391 20.8 The Observable Interface 393 20.9 The DarkLord Class 393 20.10 The DeathEater Class 396 20.11 The GodProcess Class 399 20.12 Playing with the Code 401 21 State 405 21.1 Contextual Dependence of Behaviors 405 21.2 Intent and Applicability 406 21.3 Introduction to the State Pattern 406 21.4 The State Pattern in Real-World Applications 406 21.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the State Pattern 407 21.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 408 21.7 The DADA State Interface 410 21.8 The Year-by-Year Implementation Classes for the State 411 21.9 The TeachingDADA Class 417 21.10 The Hogwarts Class 418 21.11 Playing with the Code 419 22 Strategy 421 22.1 Strategies in the Pursuit of Goals 421 22.2 Intent and Applicability 422 22.3 Introduction to the Strategy Pattern 422 22.4 The Strategy Pattern in Real-World Applications 423 22.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Strategy Pattern 424 22.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 425 22.7 The Abstract Root Class for Strategies: StrategyAbstractRoot 428 22.8 The Concrete Strategy Classes 429 22.9 The Champion Class 432 22.10 The SecondTaskManager Class 434 22.11 Playing with the Code 436 23 Template Method 437 23.1 Customizable Recipes 437 23.2 Intent and Applicability 438 23.3 Introduction to the Template Method Pattern 438 23.4 The Template Method Pattern in Real-World Applications 440 23.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Template Method Pattern 441 23.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 442 23.7 The Abstract Root of Narrative Generation Classes 444 23.8 Concrete Classes for Narrative Generation 445 23.9 The Executable Class 449 23.10 Playing with the Code 450 24 Visitor 453 24.1 Hooks, Good and Evil 453 24.2 Intent and Applicability 454 24.3 Introduction to the Visitor Pattern 454 24.4 The Visitor Pattern in Real-World Applications 457 24.5 Harry Potter Story Used to Illustrate the Visitor Pattern 457 24.6 A Top Level View of the Pattern Demonstration 459 24.7 The Visitor Interface 460 24.8 Two Concrete Implementations of the Visitor Interface 462 24.9 A Re-Implementation of the Wizard Hierarchy of the Composite Pattern 463 24.10 The Executable Class Client 469 24.11 Playing with the Code 470 REFERENCES 473 INDEX 474

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Book SynopsisStart designing today with this hands-on beginner's guide to AutoCAD Civil 3D 2016 AutoCAD Civil 3D 2016 Essentials gets you quickly up to speed with the features and functions of this industry-leading civil engineering software.Table of ContentsIntroduction xii Chapter 1 Navigating the User Interface 1 Getting to Know the Civil 3D User Interface 2 Working with the Application Menu 3 Working with the Ribbon 5 Working with the Toolspace 8 Using the Drawing Area 11 Using the Command Line 12 Using Panorama 12 Using the Transparent Commands Toolbar 13 Using the Inquiry Tool 14 Chapter 2 Leveraging a Dynamic Environment 17 Connecting Objects and Styles 18 Connecting Labels and Label Styles 23 Connecting Objects to Objects 27 Connecting Objects to Labels 29 Appreciating the Richness of the 3-D Model 31 Sharing Data in a Dynamic Environment 33 Chapter 3 Establishing Existing Conditions Using Survey Data 37 What Is Survey Data? 38 Creating a Survey Database 39 Importing Survey Data 41 Automating Field-to-Finish 45 Editing Survey Points 57 Editing Survey Figures 59 Creating Additional Points 61 Chapter 4 Modeling the Existing Terrain Using Surfaces 65 Understanding Surfaces 66 Creating a Surface from Survey Data 67 Using Breaklines to Improve Surface Accuracy 71 Editing Surfaces 77 Displaying and Analyzing Surfaces 82 Annotating Surfaces 87 Chapter 5 Designing in 2-D Using Alignments 91 Understanding Alignments 92 Creating Alignments from Objects 92 Creating Alignments Using the Alignment Creation Tools 95 Editing Alignments 99 Applying Design Criteria Files and Check Sets 107 Chapter 6 Displaying and Annotating Alignments 113 Using Alignment Styles 114 Applying Alignment Labels and Label Sets 116 Creating Station/Offset Labels 121 Creating Segment Labels 123 Using Tag Labels and Tables 126 Chapter 7 Designing Vertically Using Profiles 131 Creating Surface Profiles 132 Displaying Profiles in Profile Views 133 Creating Design Profiles 134 Editing Profiles 136 Using Design Check Sets and Criteria Files 144 Chapter 8 Displaying and Annotating Profiles 149 Applying Profile Styles 150 Applying Profile View Styles 152 Applying Profile View Bands 154 Applying Profile Labels 157 Creating and Applying Profile Label Sets 159 Creating Profile View Labels 160 Projecting Objects to Profile Views 164 Chapter 9 Designing in 3D Using Corridors 169 Understanding Corridors 170 Creating an Assembly 173 Creating a Corridor 175 Applying Corridor Targets 176 Creating Corridor Surfaces 185 Chapter 10 Creating Cross Sections of the Design 191 Using the Section Editor 192 Creating Sample Lines 195 Creating Section Views 198 Sampling More Sources 202 Chapter 11 Displaying and Annotating Sections 207 Applying Section Styles 208 Applying Section Labels 210 Controlling Corridor Section Display with Code Set Styles 213 Applying Labels with Code Set Styles 215 Applying Section View Styles 217 Applying Section View Bands 220 Applying Group Plot Styles 223 Creating Section View Labels 225 Chapter 12 Designing and Analyzing Boundaries Using Parcels 229 Understanding Parcels 230 Creating Parcels from Objects 232 Creating Parcels by Layout 235 Editing Parcels 246 Chapter 13 Displaying and Annotating Parcels 253 Applying Parcel Styles 254 Applying Parcel Area Labels 258 Creating Parcel Segment Labels 261 Editing Parcel Segment Labels 264 Creating Parcel Tables 267 Chapter 14 Designing Gravity Pipe Networks 273 Understanding Gravity Pipe Networks 273 Creating Gravity Pipe Networks 277 Editing Gravity Pipe Networks 285 Chapter 15 Designing Pressure Pipe Networks 297 Understanding Pressure Pipe Networks 297 Creating Pressure Pipe Networks 300 Editing Pressure Pipe Networks 305 Chapter 16 Displaying and Annotating Pipe Networks 317 Displaying Pipe Networks Using Styles 318 Annotating Pipe Networks in Plan View 325 Annotating Pipe Networks in Profile View 331 Creating Pipe Network Tables 335 Chapter 17 Designing New Terrain 339 Understanding Grading 340 Understanding Feature Lines 341 Creating Feature Lines 342 Editing Feature Lines 344 Understanding Grading Objects 352 Creating Grading Objects 355 Editing Grading Objects 358 Chapter 18 Analyzing, Displaying, and Annotating Surfaces 361 Combining Design Surfaces 362 Analyzing Design Surfaces 368 Calculating Earthwork Volumes 376 Labeling Design Surfaces 380 Appendix AutoCAD Civil 3D 2016 Certification 385 Index 389

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Book SynopsisA guide for leveraging SketchUp for any project size, type, or style. New construction or renovation. The revised and updated second edition of The SketchUp Workflow for Architecture offers guidelines for taking SketchUp to the next level in order to incorporate it into every phase of the architectural design process. The text walks through each step of the SketchUp process from the early stages of schematic design and model organization for both renovation and new construction projects to final documentation and shows how to maximize the LayOut toolset for drafting and presentations. Written by a noted expert in the field, the text is filled with tips and techniques to access the power of SketchUp and its related suite of tools. The book presents a flexible workflow method that helps to make common design tasks easier and gives users the information needed to incorporate varying degrees of SketchUp into their design process. Filled with best practices foTable of ContentsPart I: Starting the Flow Chapter 1 Introduction The Updated Workflow Who Should Read This Book? What’s in This Book? What Are the Prerequisites? SketchUp Make or SketchUp Pro? Online Content Mental Preparation Portfolio Chapter Points Chapter 2: Building Information Modeling What Is BIM? SketchUp and LayOut as BIM Filling in the BIM Blanks BIM Burnout The SketchUp Outlook Chapter Points Chapter 3: Hardware Mac vs. PC Specs Comparison Shopping Systems Chapter Points Chapter 4: File and Folder Management Folders and Files Cloud Storage Archiving Chapter Points Part II: SketchUp Chapter 5: SketchUp Basics Five Core Concepts Leveraging SketchUp Precise Modeling Modeling Strategy Creating Geometry Organizing Geometry with Containers Section Planes Layers, Styles, and Scenes Chapter Points Chapter 6: The Professional’s SketchUp Template Base Template Model Info Standard Layers Styles Utility Scenes Chapter Points Chapter 7: The Professional’s SketchUp Environment Toolbars Trays and Dialogs System Preferences Chapter Points Chapter 8: SketchUp Collections Material Collection Component Collections Styles Collection Chapter Points Chapter 9: Extensions Find Extensions Installing Extensions Using Extensions Recommended Extensions Chapter Points Part III: LayOut Chapter 10: Introduction to LayOut What Is LayOut? Why LayOut? Chapter Points Chapter 11: The LayOut Interface Getting Started Main Toolbar Document Setup Preferences Window Inspectors Chapter Points Chapter 12: The Professional’s LayOut Environment New Presentation System Preferences Custom Toolbars Trays Basic LayOut Template Chapter Points Chapter 13: LayOut Tools Navigating LayOut Drawing Tools Annotation Tools Tables Modification Tools Chapter Points Chapter 14: Inserting Content Working with SketchUp Models Working with Images Working with Text Working with Tables Managing References Chapter Points Part IV: Model Organization Chapter 15: Model Organization Overview Core Concepts of Model Organization Nesting Groups and Layers Simplify the System Expand the System Chapter Points Chapter 16: New Construction New Construction Process The BLVD Coffee Shop Project Chapter Points Chapter 17: Renovation Renovation Process The Milwaukee Street Renovation Project Chapter Points Part V: Visualization Chapter 18: Introduction to Visualization/Preparation Presentations Level of Detail Real Objects Populating a Scene Preparing a Model Chapter Points Chapter 19: Rendering SketchUp Stills SketchUp Animations Photorealistic Rendering Chapter Points Chapter 20: Altered Reality Virtual Reality Augmented Reality Chapter Points Part VI: Construction Documents Chapter 21: Crucial Concepts for Construction Documents Visual Merge Representing Objects Section Planes Rendering Settings Theory Line Weight Theory Stacking Viewports Hatching Chapter Points Chapter 22: Title Blocks Templates Chapter Points Chapter 23: Drawings Drawings Chapter Points Chapter 24: Annotations Annotations Scrapbooks Using Collections Chapter Points Chapter 25: Exporting Exporting to PDF Exporting to CAD Conclusion Chapter Points Index

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Book SynopsisThe step-by-step, full-color AutoCAD 2018 guide with real-world practicality AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018 Essentials provides a full-color, task-based approach to mastering this powerful software. Straightforward, easy-to-follow instruction pairs with real-world, hands-on exercises to help you quickly get up to speed with core features and functions; screenshots illustrate tutorial steps to help you follow along, and each chapter concludes with a more open-ended project so you can dive in and explore a specific topic in-depth. From 2D drawing and organization to 3D modeling, dimensioning, presenting, and more, this helpful guide walks you through everything you need to know to become productive with AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018. The companion website features downloadable starting and ending files for each exercise, so you can jump in at any point and compare your work to the pros, as well as additional tutorials to help you go as deep as you need tTable of ContentsIntroduction xiii Chapter 1 Get ting Star ted 1 Sign In to Autodesk 360 on the Start Tab 1 Exercise 1.1: Configure Autodesk 360 1 Explore the AutoCAD 2018 for Windows User Interface 4 Exercise 1.2: Explore the Graphical User Interface 4 Exercise 1.3: Control the AutoCAD Ribbon 9 Set Drawing Units 13 Exercise 1.4: Set the AutoCAD Drawing Units 14 Chapter 2 Gaining Basic Drawing Skills 17 Navigate 2D Drawings 17 Exercise 2.1: Navigate a Drawing 17 Draw Lines and Rectangles 21 Exercise 2.2: Draw Lines 21 Exercise 2.3: Draw Rectangles 24 Cancel, Erase, and Undo 25 Exercise 2.4: Correct Mistakes 25 Use Coordinate Systems 27 Exercise 2.5: Use Absolute Coordinates 27 Exercise 2.6: Use Relative Coordinates 28 Exercise 2.7: Use Polar Coordinates 29 Draw Circles, Arcs, and Polygons 33 Exercise 2.8: Create Circles 33 Exercise 2.9: Create Arcs 36 Exercise 2.10: Draw Polygons 38 Use Fillet and Chamfer 40 Exercise 2.11: Join Nonparallel Lines 40 Exercise 2.12: Join Crossed Lines with Fillet 41 Chapter 3 Using Drawing Aids 43 Use Grid and Snap 43 Exercise 3.1: Draw with Grid and Snap 44t e n t s Employ Ortho and Polar Tracking 47 Exercise 3.2: Draw with Ortho and Polar Tracking 47 Use PolarSnap 48 Exercise 3.3: Draw with PolarSnap 49 Select Running Object Snaps 51 Exercise 3.4: Draw with Running Object Snaps 51 Harness the From Snap 54 Exercise 3.5: Use the From Snap 54 Apply Object Snap Tracking 55 Exercise 3.6: Use Object Snap Tracking 55 Chapter 4 Editing Entities 59 Create Selection Sets 59 Exercise 4.1: Create a Selection Set at the Select Objects: Prompt 60 Exercise 4.2: Create a Selection Set Before Deciding on a Command 62 Use Move and Copy 66 Exercise 4.3: Move and Copy 66 Use Rotate and Scale 70 Exercise 4.4: Rotate and Scale 70 Work with Arrays 73 Exercise 4.5: Create a Rectangular Array 74 Exercise 4.6: Create a Polar Array 75 Use Trim and Extend 77 Exercise 4.7: Trim and Measure 77 Use Lengthen and Stretch 78 Exercise 4.8: Lengthen and Stretch 79 Use Offset and Mirror 80 Exercise 4.9: Offset and Mirror 80 Edit with Grips 82 Exercise 4.10: Edit with Grips 83 Chapter 5 Shaping Curves 85 Draw and Edit Curved Polylines 85 Exercise 5.1: Draw and Edit Curved Polylines 85 Draw Ellipses 91 Exercise 5.2: Draw Ellipses 91 Shape Splines 93 Exercise 5.3: Work with Control Vertices 94 Exercise 5.4: Work with Fit Points 98 Blend Between Objects with Splines 101 Exercise 5.5: Blend Splines 102 Chapter 6 Controlling Object Visibility and Appearance 105 Change Object Properties 105 Exercise 6.1: Edit Object Properties 106 Set the Current Layer 109 Exercise 6.2: Choose the Current Layer 110 Alter the Layer Assignments of Objects 113 Exercise 6.3: Assign Layers 113 Control Layer Visibility 116 Exercise 6.4: Toggle Layer Status 116 Exercise 6.5: Isolate Layers 118 Exercise 6.6: Save Layer States 120 Apply Linetype 121 Exercise 6.7: Use Linetype 122 Assign Properties by Object or by Layer 125 Exercise 6.8: Assign Properties 125 Manage Layer Properties 126 Exercise 6.9: Control Layer Properties 126 Isolate Objects 128 Exercise 6.10: Isolate and Hide Individual Objects 128 Chapter 7 Organizing Objects 131 Define Blocks 131 Exercise 7.1: Draw a Chair and Define It as a Block 132 Exercise 7.2: Draw a Door and Define It as a Block 135 Insert Blocks 137 Exercise 7.3: Use Blocks 137 Edit Blocks 141 Exercise 7.4: Edit Block Definitions 142 Exercise 7.5: Assign Floating Properties 143 Exercise 7.6: Nest Blocks 145 Exercise 7.7: Explode Blocks 147t e n t s Redefine Blocks 148 Exercise 7.8: Redefine Block Definitions 148 Work with Groups 151 Exercise 7.9: Create Groups 151 Chapter 8 Hatching and Gradients 155 Specify Hatch Areas 155 Exercise 8.1: Pick Points to Determine Boundaries 155 Exercise 8.2: Select Objects to Define Boundaries 159 Associate Hatches with Boundaries 161 Exercise 8.3: Associate Boundaries 161 Hatch with Patterns 163 Exercise 8.4: Specify Properties 164 Exercise 8.5: Separate Hatch Areas 165 Hatch with Gradients 168 Exercise 8.6: Create Gradients 168 Chapter 9 Working with Blocks and Xrefs 171 Work with Global Blocks 171 Exercise 9.1: Write a Local Block Definition to a File 171 Exercise 9.2: Insert a Drawing as a Local Block 175 Exercise 9.3: Redefine Local Blocks with Global Blocks 177 Access Content Globally 179 Exercise 9.4: Access Global Content 179 Store Content on Tool Palettes 180 Exercise 9.5: Add to the Tool Palettes 180 Reference External Drawings and Images 183 Exercise 9.6: Use Xrefs 183 Chapter 10 Creating and Editing Text 189 Style Text 189 Exercise 10.1: Create Text Styles 189 Write Lines of Text 191 Exercise 10.2: Create Text to Fit 191 Exercise 10.3: Justify Text 193 Exercise 10.4: Transform and Create Text 194 Write and Format Paragraphs Using MTEXT 197 Exercise 10.5: Write and Format with MTEXT 197t Edit Text 200 Exercise 10.6: Edit Content and Properties 201 Exercise 10.7: Work with Columns 202 Recognize and Combine Text 203 Exercise 10.8: Import, Recognize, and Combine Text from PDF 204 Chapter 11 Dimensioning 209 Style Dimensions 209 Exercise 11.1: Create Dimension Styles 210 Add Dimensions 215 Exercise 11.2: Use Inquiry Commands 215 Exercise 11.3: Add Dimension Objects 218 Exercise 11.4: Add and Style Multileaders 222 Edit Dimensions 223 Exercise 11.5: Alter Dimension Objects 223 Chapter 12 Keeping In Control with Constraints 227 Work with Geometric Constraints 227 Exercise 12.1: Use Geometric Constraints 227 Apply Dimensional Constraints 230 Exercise 12.2: Create Dimensional Constraints 231 Constrain Objects Simultaneously with Geometry and Dimensions 234 Exercise 12.3: Use Simultaneous Constraints 234 Make Parametric Changes to Constrained Objects 236 Exercise 12.4: Alter Constraint Parameters 237 Chapter 13 Working with Layouts and Annotative Objects 239 Create Annotative Styles and Objects 239 Exercise 13.1: Work with Annotative Text 240 Exercise 13.2: Work with Annotative Dimensions 243 Create Layouts 245 Exercise 13.3: Configure Layouts 245 Adjust Floating Viewports 248 Exercise 13.4: Work on Layout1 249 Exercise 13.5: Work on Layout2 252 Override Layer Properties in Layout Viewports 254 Exercise 13.6: Override Layer Properties 255 Draw on Layouts 256 Exercise 13.7: Lay Out Geometry 256on t e n t s Introduction xiii Chapter 1 Get ting Star ted 1 Sign In to Autodesk 360 on the Start Tab 1 Exercise 1.1: Configure Autodesk 360 1 Explore the AutoCAD 2018 for Windows User Interface 4 Exercise 1.2: Explore the Graphical User Interface 4 Exercise 1.3: Control the AutoCAD Ribbon 9 Set Drawing Units 13 Exercise 1.4: Set the AutoCAD Drawing Units 14 Chapter 2 Gaining Basic Drawing Skills 17 Navigate 2D Drawings 17 Exercise 2.1: Navigate a Drawing 17 Draw Lines and Rectangles 21 Exercise 2.2: Draw Lines 21 Exercise 2.3: Draw Rectangles 24 Cancel, Erase, and Undo 25 Exercise 2.4: Correct Mistakes 25 Use Coordinate Systems 27 Exercise 2.5: Use Absolute Coordinates 27 Exercise 2.6: Use Relative Coordinates 28 Exercise 2.7: Use Polar Coordinates 29 Draw Circles, Arcs, and Polygons 33 Exercise 2.8: Create Circles 33 Exercise 2.9: Create Arcs 36 Exercise 2.10: Draw Polygons 38 Use Fillet and Chamfer 40 Exercise 2.11: Join Nonparallel Lines 40 Exercise 2.12: Join Crossed Lines with Fillet 41 Chapter 3 Using Drawing Aids 43 Use Grid and Snap 43 Exercise 3.1: Draw with Grid and Snap 44t e n t s Employ Ortho and Polar Tracking 47 Exercise 3.2: Draw with Ortho and Polar Tracking 47 Use PolarSnap 48 Exercise 3.3: Draw with PolarSnap 49 Select Running Object Snaps 51 Exercise 3.4: Draw with Running Object Snaps 51 Harness the From Snap 54 Exercise 3.5: Use the From Snap 54 Apply Object Snap Tracking 55 Exercise 3.6: Use Object Snap Tracking 55 Chapter 4 Editing Entities 59 Create Selection Sets 59 Exercise 4.1: Create a Selection Set at the Select Objects: Prompt 60 Exercise 4.2: Create a Selection Set Before Deciding on a Command 62 Use Move and Copy 66 Exercise 4.3: Move and Copy 66 Use Rotate and Scale 70 Exercise 4.4: Rotate and Scale 70 Work with Arrays 73 Exercise 4.5: Create a Rectangular Array 74 Exercise 4.6: Create a Polar Array 75 Use Trim and Extend 77 Exercise 4.7: Trim and Measure 77 Use Lengthen and Stretch 78 Exercise 4.8: Lengthen and Stretch 79 Use Offset and Mirror 80 Exercise 4.9: Offset and Mirror 80 Edit with Grips 82 Exercise 4.10: Edit with Grips 83 Chapter 5 Shaping Curves 85 Draw and Edit Curved Polylines 85 Exercise 5.1: Draw and Edit Curved Polylines 85 Draw Ellipses 91 Exercise 5.2: Draw Ellipses 91 Shape Splines 93 Exercise 5.3: Work with Control Vertices 94 Exercise 5.4: Work with Fit Points 98 Blend Between Objects with Splines 101 Exercise 5.5: Blend Splines 102 Chapter 6 Controlling Object Visibility and Appearance 105 Change Object Properties 105 Exercise 6.1: Edit Object Properties 106 Set the Current Layer 109 Exercise 6.2: Choose the Current Layer 110 Alter the Layer Assignments of Objects 113 Exercise 6.3: Assign Layers 113 Control Layer Visibility 116 Exercise 6.4: Toggle Layer Status 116 Exercise 6.5: Isolate Layers 118 Exercise 6.6: Save Layer States 120 Apply Linetype 121 Exercise 6.7: Use Linetype 122 Assign Properties by Object or by Layer 125 Exercise 6.8: Assign Properties 125 Manage Layer Properties 126 Exercise 6.9: Control Layer Properties 126 Isolate Objects 128 Exercise 6.10: Isolate and Hide Individual Objects 128 Chapter 7 Organizing Objects 131 Define Blocks 131 Exercise 7.1: Draw a Chair and Define It as a Block 132 Exercise 7.2: Draw a Door and Define It as a Block 135 Insert Blocks 137 Exercise 7.3: Use Blocks 137 Edit Blocks 141 Exercise 7.4: Edit Block Definitions 142 Exercise 7.5: Assign Floating Properties 143 Exercise 7.6: Nest Blocks 145 Exercise 7.7: Explode Blocks 147t e n t s Redefine Blocks 148 Exercise 7.8: Redefine Block Definitions 148 Work with Groups 151 Exercise 7.9: Create Groups 151 Chapter 8 Hatching and Gradients 155 Specify Hatch Areas 155 Exercise 8.1: Pick Points to Determine Boundaries 155 Exercise 8.2: Select Objects to Define Boundaries 159 Associate Hatches with Boundaries 161 Exercise 8.3: Associate Boundaries 161 Hatch with Patterns 163 Exercise 8.4: Specify Properties 164 Exercise 8.5: Separate Hatch Areas 165 Hatch with Gradients 168 Exercise 8.6: Create Gradients 168 Chapter 9 Working with Blocks and Xrefs 171 Work with Global Blocks 171 Exercise 9.1: Write a Local Block Definition to a File 171 Exercise 9.2: Insert a Drawing as a Local Block 175 Exercise 9.3: Redefine Local Blocks with Global Blocks 177 Access Content Globally 179 Exercise 9.4: Access Global Content 179 Store Content on Tool Palettes 180 Exercise 9.5: Add to the Tool Palettes 180 Reference External Drawings and Images 183 Exercise 9.6: Use Xrefs 183 Chapter 10 Creating and Editing Text 189 Style Text 189 Exercise 10.1: Create Text Styles 189 Write Lines of Text 191 Exercise 10.2: Create Text to Fit 191 Exercise 10.3: Justify Text 193 Exercise 10.4: Transform and Create Text 194 Write and Format Paragraphs Using MTEXT 197 Exercise 10.5: Write and Format with MTEXT 197t Edit Text 200 Exercise 10.6: Edit Content and Properties 201 Exercise 10.7: Work with Columns 202 Recognize and Combine Text 203 Exercise 10.8: Import, Recognize, and Combine Text from PDF 204 Chapter 11 Dimensioning 209 Style Dimensions 209 Exercise 11.1: Create Dimension Styles 210 Add Dimensions 215 Exercise 11.2: Use Inquiry Commands 215 Exercise 11.3: Add Dimension Objects 218 Exercise 11.4: Add and Style Multileaders 222 Edit Dimensions 223 Exercise 11.5: Alter Dimension Objects 223 Chapter 12 Keeping In Control with Constraints 227 Work with Geometric Constraints 227 Exercise 12.1: Use Geometric Constraints 227 Apply Dimensional Constraints 230 Exercise 12.2: Create Dimensional Constraints 231 Constrain Objects Simultaneously with Geometry and Dimensions 234 Exercise 12.3: Use Simultaneous Constraints 234 Make Parametric Changes to Constrained Objects 236 Exercise 12.4: Alter Constraint Parameters 237 Chapter 13 Working with Layouts and Annotative Objects 239 Create Annotative Styles and Objects 239 Exercise 13.1: Work with Annotative Text 240 Exercise 13.2: Work with Annotative Dimensions 243 Create Layouts 245 Exercise 13.3: Configure Layouts 245 Adjust Floating Viewports 248 Exercise 13.4: Work on Layout1 249 Exercise 13.5: Work on Layout2 252 Override Layer Properties in Layout Viewports 254 Exercise 13.6: Override Layer Properties 255 Draw on Layouts 256 Exercise 13.7: Lay Out Geometry 256on t e n t s Chapter 14 Printing and Plot ting 261 Configure Output Devices 261 Exercise 14.1: Set Up a System Printer 262 Exercise 14.2: Set Up an AutoCAD Plotter 262 Create Plot Style Tables 265 Exercise 14.3: Create a Named Plot Style Table 265 Use Plot Style Tables 267 Exercise 14.4: Configure New Drawings for Named Plot Style Tables 267 Exercise 14.5: Assign Plot Styles by Layer or by Object 270 Plot in Model Space 273 Exercise 14.6: Plot from Model Space 273 Plot Layouts in Paper Space 277 Exercise 14.7: Plot from Paper Space 277 Export to an Electronic Format 280 Exercise 14.8: Export to DWF 281 Exercise 14.9: Export to PDF 282 Exercise 14.10: Share Design Views 284 Chapter 15 Working with Data 287 Geolocate Projects 287 Exercise 15.1: Geolocate a Drawing 288 Import SketchUp Models 292 Exercise 15.2: Import a SketchUp Model 292 Define Attributes and Blocks 293 Exercise 15.3: Define Attributes and a Block 294 Insert Attributed Blocks 298 Exercise 15.4: Insert Block References with Attributes 298 Edit Table Styles and Create Tables 300 Exercise 15.5: Alter a Table Style and Make a Table 300 Use Fields in Table Cells 305 Exercise 15.6: Create Fields 305 Edit Table Data 308 Exercise 15.7: Alter Table Data 308 Chapter 16 Navigating 3D Models 317 Use Visual Styles 317 Exercise 16.1: Explore Visual Styles 318 Work with Tiled Viewports 322 Exercise 16.2: Tile Viewports 322 Navigate with the ViewCube 324 Exercise 16.3: Use the ViewCube to Navigate 324 Orbit in 3D 326 Exercise 16.4: Orbit 326 Use Cameras 328 Exercise 16.5: Utilize Virtual Cameras 328 Navigate with SteeringWheels 331 Exercise 16.6: Use SteeringWheels to Navigate 331 Save Views 334 Exercise 16.7: Save Views 334 Chapter 17 Modeling in 3D 337 Create Surface Models 337 Exercise 17.1: Make Planar Surfaces 338 Exercise 17.2: Revolve a 2D Profile to Create a 3D Model 339 Exercise 17.3: Sweep Out 3D Geometry 340 Exercise 17.4: Extrude 2D Geometry into 3D 342 Edit Surface Models 344 Exercise 17.5: Trim Surfaces with Other Surfaces 344 Exercise 17.6: Project Edges on Surfaces 345 Exercise 17.7: Trim Surfaces with Edges 348 Create Solid Models 350 Exercise 17.8: Extrude Solid Objects 350 Exercise 17.9: Loft Solid Objects 354 Edit Solid Models 356 Exercise 17.10: Perform Boolean Operations 356 Exercise 17.11: Edit Solids 359 Smooth Mesh Models 363 Exercise 17.12: Create, Edit, and Smooth Mesh 363 Live-Section Models 365 Exercise 17.13: Create and Edit a Section Plane 365 Chapter 18 Presenting and Documenting 3D Design 369 Assign Materials 370 Exercise 18.1: Apply Materials 370t e n t s Place and Adjust Lights 376 Exercise 18.2: Add Artificial Lights 376 Exercise 18.3: Simulate Natural Light 382 Create Renderings 383 Exercise 18.4: Make Realistic Renderings in the Cloud 383 Document Models with Drawings 387 Exercise 18.5: Document Models 387 Appendix A Making Isometric Drawings 393 Appendix B Autodesk™ AutoCAD™ 2018 Certif ication 399 Index 403 Configure Output Devices 261 Exercise 14.1: Set Up a System Printer 262 Exercise 14.2: Set Up an AutoCAD Plotter 262 Create Plot Style Tables 265 Exercise 14.3: Create a Named Plot Style Table 265 Use Plot Style Tables 267 Exercise 14.4: Configure New Drawings for Named Plot Style Tables 267 Exercise 14.5: Assign Plot Styles by Layer or by Object 270 Plot in Model Space 273 Exercise 14.6: Plot from Model Space 273 Plot Layouts in Paper Space 277 Exercise 14.7: Plot from Paper Space 277 Export to an Electronic Format 280 Exercise 14.8: Export to DWF 281 Exercise 14.9: Export to PDF 282 Exercise 14.10: Share Design Views 284 Chapter 15 Working with Data 287 Geolocate Projects 287 Exercise 15.1: Geolocate a Drawing 288 Import SketchUp Models 292 Exercise 15.2: Import a SketchUp Model 292 Define Attributes and Blocks 293 Exercise 15.3: Define Attributes and a Block 294 Insert Attributed Blocks 298 Exercise 15.4: Insert Block References with Attributes 298 Edit Table Styles and Create Tables 300 Exercise 15.5: Alter a Table Style and Make a Table 300 Use Fields in Table Cells 305 Exercise 15.6: Create Fields 305 Edit Table Data 308 Exercise 15.7: Alter Table Data 308 Chapter 16 Navigating 3D Models 317 Use Visual Styles 317 Exercise 16.1: Explore Visual Styles 318 Work with Tiled Viewports 322 Exercise 16.2: Tile Viewports 322 Navigate with the ViewCube 324 Exercise 16.3: Use the ViewCube to Navigate 324 Orbit in 3D 326 Exercise 16.4: Orbit 326 Use Cameras 328 Exercise 16.5: Utilize Virtual Cameras 328 Navigate with SteeringWheels 331 Exercise 16.6: Use SteeringWheels to Navigate 331 Save Views 334 Exercise 16.7: Save Views 334 Chapter 17 Modeling in 3D 337 Create Surface Models 337 Exercise 17.1: Make Planar Surfaces 338 Exercise 17.2: Revolve a 2D Profile to Create a 3D Model 339 Exercise 17.3: Sweep Out 3D Geometry 340 Exercise 17.4: Extrude 2D Geometry into 3D 342 Edit Surface Models 344 Exercise 17.5: Trim Surfaces with Other Surfaces 344 Exercise 17.6: Project Edges on Surfaces 345 Exercise 17.7: Trim Surfaces with Edges 348 Create Solid Models 350 Exercise 17.8: Extrude Solid Objects 350 Exercise 17.9: Loft Solid Objects 354 Edit Solid Models 356 Exercise 17.10: Perform Boolean Operations 356 Exercise 17.11: Edit Solids 359 Smooth Mesh Models 363 Exercise 17.12: Create, Edit, and Smooth Mesh 363 Live-Section Models 365 Exercise 17.13: Create and Edit a Section Plane 365 Chapter 18 Presenting and Documenting 3D Design 369 Assign Materials 370 Exercise 18.1: Apply Materials 370t e n t s Place and Adjust Lights 376 Exercise 18.2: Add Artificial Lights 376 Exercise 18.3: Simulate Natural Light 382 Create Renderings 383 Exercise 18.4: Make Realistic Renderings in the Cloud 383 Document Models with Drawings 387 Exercise 18.5: Document Models 387 Appendix A Making Isometric Drawings 393 Appendix B Autodesk™ AutoCAD™ 2018 Certif ication 399 Index 403

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Book Synopsis1. Introduction to structural analysis by the Finite Element Method. 2. 1D finite elements for axially loaded rods. 3. Advanced 1D rod elements and requirements for the numerical solution. 4. 2D solids. Linear triangular and rectangular elements. 5. 2D solids. Higher order elements. Shape functions and isoparametric formulation. 6. Axisymmetric solids. 7. Three dimensional solids. 8. Bending of slender beams. Euler-Bemouilli theory. 9. Thick/slender beams. Timoshenko theory. 10. Thin plates. Kirchhoffs theory. 11. Thick/thin plates. Reissner-Mindlin theory. 12. Analysis of shells using flat elements. 13. Axisymmetric shells. 14. Analysis of arbitrary shape shells using degenerate solid elements. 15. Three-dimensional rods and shell stiffness. 16. Prismatic structures. Finite strip and finite prism methods. 17. Miscellaneous: inclined supports, displacements, constrains, nodal condensation error estimation and mesh adaptivity etc. 18. Pre and post-processing. Mesh generation and visuTable of Contents1. Introduction to structural analysis by the Finite Element Method. 2. 1D finite elements for axially loaded rods. 3. Advanced 1D rod elements and requirements for the numerical solution. 4. 2D solids. Linear triangular and rectangular elements. 5. 2D solids. Higher order elements. Shape functions and isoparametric formulation. 6. Axisymmetric solids. 7. Three dimensional solids. 8. Bending of slender beams. Euler-Bemouilli theory. 9. Thick/slender beams. Timoshenko theory. 10. Thin plates. Kirchhoffs theory. 11. Thick/thin plates. Reissner-Mindlin theory. 12. Analysis of shells using flat elements. 13. Axisymmetric shells. 14. Analysis of arbitrary shape shells using degenerate solid elements. 15. Three-dimensional rods and shell stiffness. 16. Prismatic structures. Finite strip and finite prism methods. 17. Miscellaneous: inclined supports, displacements, constrains, nodal condensation error estimation and mesh adaptivity etc. 18. Pre and post-processing. Mesh generation and visualization of computer results. 19. Introduction to FEM programming.

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Book SynopsisI am honored and delighted to write the foreword to this very first book about SystemC. ” As the new system-level specification and design language, SystemC - rectly contributes to these two solutions.Table of ContentsFigures. Foreword. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Fundamentals of SystemC. 3. Models of Computation. 4. Classical Hardware Modeling in SystemC. 5. Functional Modeling. 6. Parameterized Modules and Channels. 7. Interface and Channel Design. 8. Transaction-Level Modeling. 9. Communication Refinement. 10. Testbenches, Tracing, and Debugging. 11. Conclusions and the Future of SystemC. Bibliography. Index. About the Authors.

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Book SynopsisBased on the highly successful second edition, this extended edition of SystemVerilog for Verification: A Guide to Learning the Testbench Language Features teaches all verification features of the SystemVerilog language, providing hundreds of examples to clearly explain the concepts and basic fundamentals. It contains materials for both the full-time verification engineer and the student learning this valuable skill.In the third edition, authors Chris Spear and Greg Tumbush start with how to verify a design, and then use that context to demonstrate the language features, including the advantages and disadvantages of different styles, allowing readers to choose between alternatives. This textbook contains end-of-chapter exercises designed to enhance students'' understanding of the material. Other features of this revision include: New sections on static variables, print specifiers, and DPI from the 2009 IEEE language standard Descriptions of UVM featTable of ContentsVerification Guidelines.- Data Types.- Procedural Statements and Routines.- Connecting the Testbench and Design.- Basic OOP.- Randomization.- Threads and Interprocess Communication.- Advanced OOP and Testbench Guidelines.- Functional Coverage.- Advanced Interfaces.- A Complete SystemVerilog Testbench.- Interfacing with C/C++.

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Book SynopsisA rare look at the role of special effects in creating fictional worlds and transmedia franchises From comic book universes crowded with soaring superheroes and shattering skyscrapers to cosmic empires set in far-off galaxies, today's fantasy blockbusters depend on visual effects. Bringing science fiction from the studio to your screen, through film, television, or video games, these special effects power our entertainment industry. More Than Meets the Eye delves into the world of fantastic media franchises to trace the ways in which special effects over the last 50 years have become central not just to transmedia storytelling but to worldbuilding, performance, and genre in contemporary blockbuster entertainment. More Than Meets the Eye maps the ways in which special effects build consistent storyworlds and transform genres while traveling from one media platform to the next. Examining high-profile franchises in which special effects have played a constitutiTrade ReviewElegantly written and extensively researched, More Than Meets the Eye makes an impressive contribution to digital and special effects studies. Bob Rehak moves beyond critical perspectives that have dominated this area of inquiry, exploring how special effects have a life of their own beyond momentary appearances in films and television programs. Studying both analog and digital effects and their continuing interface, he finds that they create vast narrative networks across media, platforms, and time, speaking to a variety of concerns in media studies from authorship and convergence culture to performance and fan labor. That he is able to bring exciting new concepts to bear on canonical media franchises like Star Wars, Star Trek, and Lord of the Rings is a testament to the provocative originality of this book. -- Barbara Klinger,author of Beyond the Multiplex: Cinema, New Technologies, and the HomeRehak has produced the kind of history that film and media studies needsrightnow, and his book displays elegance and serious intellectual chops in equal measure. Hes unafraid of theory or his predecessors, hes alert to both the big picture and nuances of form, and his scholarshipin numerous areasis thorough. More Than Meets the Eye is hugely original and a pleasure to read. -- Scott Bukatman,author of Hellboy’s World: Comics and Monsters on the Margins

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Book SynopsisHave you ever dreamed of designing your own LEGOs? Do you love building huge LEGO models, but don't have enough bricks? This book will show you how to do all that and more with Bricklink Studio 2.0, a software program that''s widely used by LEGO designers to create LEGO models virtually before making them with real LEGO bricks.  You''ll learn how to start a new project, use the camera control options, and drag and drop parts into your building plate. Then take your bricks from a pile of random pieces into intricate masterpiece models using building tools like Select, Hinge, Clone, Hide, Connect, Collision, and more! You'll master all the building tools that help you build LEGO models. Then you'll learn to search and manage LEGO bricks in Studio 2.0 using different palette options like Master, Hidden parts, and Custom parts.      Beyond the official LEGO colors, there are special color options you can use to rTable of ContentsChapter 1: Getting Started • Welcome Screen • Starting a project • Dragging and dropping parts• Rotate Camera • Pan Camera • Zoom in Zoom out • Viewport Controls • Viewport Rotation Lock Chapter 2: Building Tools • Select • Hinge • Clone • Hide • Connect • Collision • Snap• Grid • Finding Compatible Bricks • Finding Alternatives • Copy & Mirror • Submodels Chapter 3: Bricks Palette • Master • Hidden Parts • New Parts • Custom Parts • Create an empty palette • Import an official LEGO Set • Import a wanted list • Searching parts using key words • Palette Colors • Decorated Bricks on/off • Thumbnail Size Chapter 4: Color Palette • Paint with the selected color • Grab color from parts • Favorite Colors • Content Colors • Solid Colors • Transparent Colors • Chrome Colors• Pearl Colors • Metallic Colors • Milky Colors • Glitter Colors • Speckle Colors • Rubber Colors • Satin Colors • Glowing Neon (Render Only) • Luminous Soft (Render only)• Luminous (Render Only) • Translucent (Render Only) • Glow in Dark (Render Only) Chapter 5: Building Techniques• Mastering the Tools • Selecting and Copying Elements Chapter 6: How to Create Steps • Step List• Color Validator • Build a basic model • Render • Stability Chapter 7: Creating Instructions • Building a Robot Model • Step Editor (In detail explaination) • Page Editior (In detail explaination) Chapter 8: Interesting Features of Studio 2.0 • Mosaic • Preferences • Import & Export Files• Hide Panels Options • Sign in to Bricklink • Upload to my Studio creations • Build Together • Add to wanted list • Buy Creations

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Book SynopsisDesigning and controlling complex shapes like porous volumes and rough surfaces is a challenge. Fractal geometry is an interesting approach which considerably simplify the problem. Even though underlying concepts reduce the set possible shapes, they generate a surprising variety of shapes. In this book we present a formalism to design such complex objects for geometric aided geometry design applications. The goal of this formalism is to provide to the end user the possibility to manipulate fractal objects as a standard euclidean object with standard tools of CAD system. This formalism encompass curves, surfaces, volumes, as well as NURBS and subdivision surfaces. All theoretical and practical aspects are developed, from the design up to 3D printing.Table of Contents1 Introduction to fractal geometry 2 Model BCIF 2.1 Iterated Function System (IFS) 2.2 Controlled Iterated Function System (CIFS) 2.3 Boundary Controlled Iterated Function System (BCIFS) 3 Example of design 3.1 curves and wire-frames 3.2 surfaces and laces 3.3 volumes and porous objects 3.4 Trees 4 Topological combination 5 Efficient approximation for 3D printing 6 NURBS and Subdivision surfaces and (BCIFS) 7 Applications

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Book SynopsisThis book is about using “collage” among Iranian students in architecture studio, and in order to introduce the way these students use the technique to the English reader, we (Ali Yaser Jafari and Reihaneh Khorramrouei) have chosen this valuable book by AliAsghar Adibi to translate from Farsi to English. It provides a representative example of design through collage and culture. This book originally collected and published in three chapters: Collage history in different arts; Objectives and steps to make collage images; Two experienced examples.Table of ContentsCollage History in Different Arts.- Objectives and Steps to Make Collage Images.- Two Experienced Examples.

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Book SynopsisTable of Contents1 Einleitung.- 2 Einstieg in das Arbeiten mit AutoCAD.- 2.1 Anstarten und Beenden des Arbeitens mit AutoCAD.- 2.2 Das Arbeiten mit Dateien.- 2.3 Hilfen für den Benutzer.- 2.4 Festlegen der Zeichnungsgröße.- 3 Das Zeichnen gerader Linien.- 3.1 Der Befehl LINIE.- 3.2 Löschen von Zeichnungselementen.- 3.3 Zeichnen von Linien im Ortho-Modus.- 4 Hilfen beim Zeichnen.- 4.1 Das Arbeiten mit Rastern.- 4.2 Das Arbeiten mit verschiedenen Objektfang-Modi.- 5 Das Arbeiten mit Bildausschnitten.- 5.1 Der Befehl ZOOM.- 5.2 Der Befehl PAN.- 6 Kreise, Kreisbögen und Abrundungen.- 6.1 Das Zeichnen von Kreisen.- 6.2 Das Zeichnen von Kreisbögen.- 6.3 Das Abrunden sich schneidender Linien.- 7 Die Bemaßung von Zeichnungen.- 7.1 Allgemeines zum Bemaßen.- 7.2 Ausführen von Linearbemaßungen.- 7.3 Winkelbemaßungen.- 7.4 Durchmesser- und Radienbemaßung.- 7.5 Weitere Optionen des Bemaßungsbefehls BEM.- 8 Das Arbeiten mit Texten.- 8.1 Der Befehl TEXT.- 8.2 Der Befehl DTEXT.- 8.3 Der Befehl STIL.- 9 Regenerieren von Zeichnungen.- 10 Das Zeichnen von Bändern und Flächen.- 10.1 Der Befehl BAND.- 10.2 Der Befehl SOLID.- 11 Das Schraffieren von Flächen.- 11.1 Das eigentliche Schraffieren.- 11.2 Befehle zum Löschen von Zeichnungsteilen.- 12 Das Zeichnen von Freihandlinien.- 13 Abfrage- und Anzeigebefehle.- 14 Layer-Technik.- 14.1 Der Befehl LAYER.- 14.2 Umbenennen und Löschen von Layern.- 15 Das Arbeiten mit Blöcken.- 15.1 Das Erzeugen von Blöcken.- 15.2 Das Einfügen von Blöcken.- 16 Das Manipulieren von Zeichnungen.- 16.1 Das Verschieben und Spiegeln von Objekten.- 16.2 Das Kopieren von Objekten.- 16.3 Das Ändern von Objekten.- 17 Das Erstellen von Zusammenbau-Zeichnungen.- A Lösungen.- B Zusätzliche Übungsaufgaben.- C Standard-Schraffuren.- D Referenzliste.

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Book SynopsisDie vorliegende Dissertation ist im Rahmen meiner Tätigkeit als wissenschaftlicher Mitar­ beiter am Institut für Robotik und Prozeßinformatik der Technischen Universität Braun­ schweig entstanden. Bei Herrn Prof. Wahl möchte ich mich für die vertrauensvolle Zu­ sammenarbeit und die großzügige Unterstützung während der Erstellung meiner Arbeit herzlich bedanken. Herrn Prof. Hesselbach danke ich für die Übernahme des Koreferats. Am Institut für Robotik und Prozeßinformatik wird in Kooperation mit der Firma MIAG 1 Fahrzeugbau GmbH das Forschungsprojekt MONAMOVE bearbeitet. Die beiden Säu­ len von MONAMOVE werden von dem globalen Überwachungssystem und dem Navi­ gator gebildet, der in Verbindung mit dem Piloten für die Bahnplanung verantwortlich ist. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Konzepte für den Navigator und den Piloten vorgestellt. Bei Herrn Claudio Laloni, der für das globale Überwachungssystem verantwortlich ist, möchte ich mich für die sehr gute Zusammenarbeit und die anregen­ den Diskussionen bedanken. Der Firma MIAG danke ich für die Unterstützung und die Bereitstellung eines Fahrzeuges. Mein Dank gilt ebenfalls meinen Kollegen für die wertvollen fachlichen Diskussionen und allen Studenten, die im Rahmen ihrer Studien-und Diplomarbeiten bzw. als studentische Hilfskräfte zum Entstehen meiner Arbeit beigetragen haben. Bei allen Mitarbeitern des Instituts möchte ich mich für die ausgezeichnete Arbeitsatmosphäre bedanken, die ich stets in guter Erinnerung behalten werde. Meiner Freundin Maren, meiner Cousine Petra Guske und meinem Freund Goy Korn danke ich für das sorgfältige Korrekturlesen meiner Arbeit. Meinen Eltern, meiner Freundin Maren und allen Freunden möchte ich besonders für ihre persönliche Unterstützung und für ihr Verständnis danken.Table of Contents1 Einleitung.- 1.1 Zielsetzung und Aufbau der Arbeit.- 2 Das Transportsystem MONAMOVE.- 2.1 Konzept von MONAMOVE.- 2.1.1 Überwachungssystem.- 2.1.2 Navigator.- 2.1.3 Pilot.- 2.1.4 Fahrzeuge.- 2.1.5 Weltmodell.- 2.1.6 Ergänzende Bemerkungen.- 2.2 Fahrerlose Transportsysteme.- 2.3 Vergleich: MONAMOVE — Fahrerlose Transportsysteme.- 2.4 Autonome mobile Roboter.- 2.5 Vergleich: MONAMOVE — Autonome mobile Roboter.- 2.6 Diskussion.- 3 Navigator und Pilot — Grundlegende Betrachtungen.- 3.1 Grenze zwischen Voraus- und Laufzeitplanung.- 3.1.1 Strikte hierarchische Planung.- 3.1.2 Überlappende hierarchische Planung.- 3.2 Forderungen an die Gesamtplanung.- 3.3 Navigator und Pilot in MONAMOVE.- 3.3.1 Grundlegende Betrachtung zur Einsatzumgebung.- 3.3.2 Konzepte für Navigatoren.- 3.3.3 Informationsfluß im Navigator.- 3.3.4 Konzepte für Piloten.- 3.3.5 Informationsfluß im Piloten.- 4 Bahnplanung des Navigators auf Basis eines geometrischen Modells.- 4.1 Literaturüberblick.- 4.1.1 Grundlegende Betrachtungen.- 4.1.2 Der Konfigurationsraum.- 4.1.3 Verschiedene Planungsansätze.- 4.1.3.1 Wegenetz.- 4.1.3.2 Zerlegung.- 4.1.3.3 Potentialfeld.- 4.1.4 Bahnplanung im W- und im C-Raum.- 4.1.4.1 Planen im W-Raum.- 4.1.4.2 Planen im C-Raum.- 4.1.5 Integration der zusätzlichen Forderungen in die Bahnplanung.- 4.2 Konzept des Navigators.- 4.3 Weltmodell.- 4.3.1 Zerlegung mit einem Hindernis.- 4.3.2 Zerlegung mit mehreren Hindernissen.- 4.3.3 Hinzufügen und Löschen von Hindernissen.- 4.4 Fahrschlauchsuche.- 4.4.1 Aufbau des initialen Suchgraphen.- 4.4.2 Verwendetes Suchverfahren.- 4.4.3 Erweiterung des Graphen.- 4.4.4 Ergänzende Bemerkungen.- 4.5 Rechtsorientierung.- 4.5.1 Wege in überlappungsfreien Fahrschläuchen.- 4.5.1.1 Konstruktion der rechtsorientierten Punkte.- 4.5.1.2 Berechnung des rechtsorientierten Weges.- 4.5.1.3 Erweiterung des Fahrschlauchs.- 4.5.1.4 Bestimmung von blockierten Teilfahrschläuchen.- 4.5.2 Wege in sich überlappenden Fahrschläuchen.- 4.5.2.1 Berechnung des äußeren Fahrschlauchrandes.- 4.5.2.2 Konstruktion der rechtsorientierten Punkte.- 4.5.2.3 Berechnung des rechtsorientierten Weges.- 4.5.3 Ergänzende Bemerkungen.- 4.6 Stetige Krümmungsänderung.- 4.6.1 Basiskurve.- 4.6.2 Kombination der Basiskurven.- 4.6.3 Auswahl einer Kurve.- 4.6.4 Kurven beim Start und beim Ziel.- 4.6.5 Kollisionstest für die Kurven.- 4.6.5.1 Tangentiale Fahrweise.- 4.6.5.2 Gestaucht tangentiale Fahrweise.- 4.6.6 Sperrung von Teilfahrschläuchen.- 4.6.7 Ergänzende Bemerkungen.- 4.7 Maximales Geschwindigkeitsprofil.- 4.8 Diskussion.- 5 Bahnplanung des Navigators auf Basis eines statistischen Modells.- 5.1 Literaturüberblick.- 5.2 Integration der Belegungsstatistik in die Bahnplanung.- 5.2.1 Weltmodell.- 5.2.2 Erzeugung des Weltmodells.- 5.2.3 Berechnung der Potentialfelder.- 5.2.4 Beispiel für ein Potentialfeld.- 5.3 Integration des statistischen Flusses in die Bahnplanung.- 5.3.1 Weltmodell.- 5.3.2 Erzeugung des Weltmodells.- 5.3.3 Berechnung der Potentialfelder.- 5.3.4 Beispiel für ein Potentialfeld.- 5.4 Beispiel für die auf statistischen Daten basierende Bahnplanung.- 5.4.1 Weltmodell ohne statische und dynamische Hindernisse.- 5.4.2 Weltmodell mit statischen und dynamischen Hindernisse.- 5.4.2.1 Beschreibung des Weltmodells.- 5.4.2.2 Berechnete Potentialfelder.- 5.4.2.3 Wege innerhalb der berechnete Potentialfelder.- 5.5 Nachbearbeitung des gefundenen Weges.- 5.6 Diskussion.- 6 Mehrfahrzeugnavigatoren.- 6.1 Literaturüberblick.- 6.1.1 Integration der Nebenbedingungen in den Mehrfahrzeugnavigator.- 6.2 Koordination auf Basis von geometrischen Kreuzungen.- 6.2.1 Weltmodell.- 6.2.2 Repräsentation einer Bahn.- 6.2.3 Berechnung der Kreuzungsbereiche.- 6.2.3.1 Verwaltungszonen und Synchronisationspunkte.- 6.2.3.2 Vereinigung von Kreuzungen.- 6.2.3.3 Beispiel für das Hinzufügen mehrerer Bahnen.- 6.2.3.4 Integration von stehenden Fahrzeugen in das Weltmodell.- 6.2.4 Grenzen der Mehrfahrzeugkoordination.- 6.2.4.1 Koordination durch zusätzliche Nebenbedingungen.- 6.2.4.2 Koordination durch Heuristiken.- 6.2.5 Schnittstelle zum Piloten.- 6.2.6 Diskussion.- 6.3 Mehrfahrzeugnavigator ohne Koordination.- 7 Konzepte für verschiedene Piloten.- 7.1 Literaturüberblick.- 7.2 Basismerkmale für alle Piloten.- 7.2.1 Weltmodell.- 7.2.2 Schnittstelle zum Navigator.- 7.2.3 Schnittstelle zum Fahrzeug.- 7.3 Bahntreuer Pilot.- 7.4 Pilot mit eigenständiger Wegplanung.- 7.4.1 Umplanen mit teilweise dynamischen Hindernissen.- 7.4.2 Umplanen mit vollständig dynamischen Hindernissen.- 7.4.3 Erweiterungen.- 7.5 Mehrfahrzeugpilot auf Basis vorgegebener Kreuzungen.- 7.5.1 Lokale Piloten.- 7.5.2 Globaler Pilot.- 7.6 Mehrfahrzeugpilot mit eigenständiger Mehrfahrzeugkoordination.- 7.6.1 Mehrfahrzeugkoordination mit teilweise dynamischen Hindernissen.- 7.6.2 Mehrfahrzeugkoordination mit vollständig dynamischen Hindernissen.- 7.7 Ergänzende Bemerkungen.- 8 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick.- A Algorithmen.- A.1 Zerlegung eines einfachen Polygons in konvexe Teilpolygone.- A.3 Floyd Algorithmus.- A.3.1 Anwendungsbeispiel für den Floyd Algorithmus.- A.3.2 Erzeugung von rechtorientierten Wegen mit dem Floyd Algorithmus.- Eigene Veröffentlichungen.- Stichwortverzeichnis.

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Book SynopsisANSYS zählt zu den verbreitetsten Finite-Elemente-Programmen in Entwicklungsabteilungen von Unternehmen und an Hochschulen. Der Einstieg in ANSYS für einen wirtschaftlichen Einsatz ist langwierig und komplex. Mit diesem Buch soll der Einstieg in ANSYS für elektromagnetische Anwendungen am Beispiel Elektrischer Maschinen erleichtert werden, indem Schulungs- und Lehrveranstaltungen unterstützt werden, die Nachbearbeitung von Schulungen ermöglicht und der Einsatz von ANSYS bei der Bearbeitung von eigenen Projekten als Nachschlagewerk unterstützt werden. Das Buch erläutert grundlegend den Modellaufbau mit ANSYS und führt den Anwender gezielt zum Einsatz der Skriptsprache APDL und den Einsatz von Schaltungselementen. Die Modellierung und Berechnung von Transformatoren, Gleichstrommaschinen, Synchronmaschinen, Asynchronmaschinen und Linearmotoren wird ausführlich erläutert.Table of ContentsPrinzipielle Vorgensweise bei FEM-Programmen - Preprocessing - Solution - Postprocessing - Zusammenfassung der Vorgehensweise - Tipps&Tricks - Linearmotoren - Bürstenlose Gleichstrommaschine - Servomaschine - Spezielle Schaltung für Drehstrommaschinen - Spaltpolmotor Sondermaschinen

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Book SynopsisDie Autoren übertragen theoretische Grundlagen des Wissensmanagements anhand von Praxisbeispielen auf das Bauwesen. Grundlegende Begriffe, das TOM-Modell, die Konzepte von Probst, Raub und Romhardt werden vermittelt. Aktiv betriebene Wissenskultur ist Basis eines erfolgreich umgesetzten Wissensmanagements, das als Führungsaufgabe im Bauwesen kooperatives, wissensorientiertes Führen voraussetzt. Die Lean-Philosophie wird mit einer werte- und zielorientierten und der Situativen Führung verbunden. Die hier vorgestellten Methoden und Tools eines bauaffinen Wissensmanagements zeigen und sichern vorhandenes und fördern die Generierung neuen Wissens im Unternehmen. Ein Implementierungskonzept zeigt, wie Wissensmanagement die Entwicklung von Unternehmenskultur, -organisation und Technik beeinflusst.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Grundlagen Wissensmanagement.- Wissenskultur als Erfolgsfaktor für das Wissensmanagement.- Führungsaufgabe Wissensmanagement.- Wissensmanagement-Methoden und Tools.-Wissensmanagementimplementierung.

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Book SynopsisDie Auslegung und das Betriebsverhalten Elektrischer Antriebe wurde bislang in Lehrbü-chern anhand von Ersatzschaltbildern, Zeigerdiagrammen, Bildern und Diagrammen erläu-tert. Mit diesem Buch sollen Ergebnisse von Finite-Elemente-Rechnungen dazu dienen, das Betriebsverhalten Elektrischer Maschinen und deren Entwicklung und Auslegung zu verste-hen. Auf die Auswirkungen der Magnetisierungskurve von Eisen wird ebenso eingegangen wie auf den Einsatz von Zusatzwicklungen in Gleichstrommaschinen, die Auslegung von Drehstromwicklung, die Polgeometrie bei Synchronmaschinen und den Nutenaufbau bei Asynchronmaschinen. Auf einer beiliegenden DVD und weiterem ONLINE-Material sind zudem zahlreiche Darstellungen und Videos abgelegt.Table of ContentsTheoretische Grundlagen.- Umsetzung der Finite-Elemente-Methode in ANSYS.- Berechnungsverfahren für elektrische Maschinen.- ANSYS-Vorgehensweise.- Benutzermenüeinsatz bei ANSYS.- Umwandlung von LOG-Files in APDL-Programme.- Einführung von Schaltungselementen.- Umwandlung des Beispiels in Unterprogrammtechnik.- Berechnung elektrischer Maschinen mit ANSYS, Einphasentransformator, Dreiphasentransformator, Gleichstrommaschine mit Erregerwicklung.- Aufbau eigener Benutzermenüs.

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Book SynopsisThis book investigates how architectural design advances as a result of the rapid developments in 3D Printing. As this technology become more powerful, faster and cheaper, novel workflows are becoming available and revolutionizing all stages of the design process, from early spatial concepts, to subsequent project development, advanced manufacturing processes, and integration into functional buildings. Based on a literature review and case studies of ten built projects, the book discusses the implications of the ongoing manufacturing revolution for the field of architecture.Table of Contents1. Introduction.- 2. Additive Manufacturing Technologies for Architecture.- 3. Optimized Structures: AirMesh.- 4. Architectural Ornament: Timescapes.- 5. Architecture Meets Organic Matter: Sombra Verde and White Spaces.- 6. Interfacing Printed and Standard: OH Platform, Metadata, and Makerspace.-7. Systems Integration.- 8. Realtime Costing: v-Mesh.- 9. Assembly Strategies: AirTable.- 10. Outlook.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides you with an easy to use reference for all of Autodesk Revit's Architectural Commands. This command reference can be used as you are working in the software to help you understand what each command does and how it may be used in your overall workflow. Also included with this book are nearly 100 video tutorials.

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Book SynopsisMaster the complexities of the world''s bestselling 2D and 3D software with Introduction to AutoCAD 2020. Ideally suited to new users, and relevant for both AutoCAD 2020 and AutoCAD 2021, this book will be a useful resource for drawing modules in both vocational and introductory undergraduate courses in engineering and construction. Experienced users will also find the updated images, commands and software information to be essential reading in order to adapt to the latest AutoCAD interface.A comprehensive, step-by-step introduction to the latest release of AutoCAD. Covering all the basic principles and acting as an introduction to 2D drawing, it also contains extensive coverage of all 3D topics, including 3D solid modelling and rendering. Written by a member of the Autodesk Developer Network. Hundreds of colour pictures, screenshots and diagrams illustrate every stage of the design process. Worked examples and exerTable of Contents1. Introducing AutoCAD 2020 2. Calling Tools 3. Introducing Drawing 4. Draw Tools and Object Snap 5. Zoom, Pan and Templates 6. The Modify Tools 7. Layers and Hatching 8. Orthographic, Isometric and Centerlines 9. Introducing 3D Modeling 10. 3D Models in Viewports 11. The Modification of 3D Models 12. Layout, Dimensions and Text 13. Blocks and Inserts 14. Other Types of File Format 15. Sheets Sets 16. Rendering 17. Building Drawing 18. Three-Dimensional Space 19. Editing 3D Solid Models 20. Internet Tools and Help 21. Design and AutoCAD 2020 Appendix A: List of Tools Appendix B: Some Set Variables Appendix C: 3D Views Appendix D: Keyboard Shortcuts

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisReady or not, it's high time to make BIM a part of your practice, or at least your vocabulary, and this book has as much to offer beginners as it does seasoned users of building information modeling software.Chicago Architect The first book devoted to the subject of how BIM affects individuals and organizations working within the ever-changing construction industry, BIM and Integrated Design discusses the implementation of building information modeling software as a cultural process with a focus on the technology's impact and transformative effectboth potentially disruptive and liberatingon the social, psychological, and practical aspects of the workplace. BIM and Integrated Design answers the questions that BIM poses to the firm that adopts it. Through thorough research and a series of case study interviews with industry leadersand leaders in the making out from behind the monitorBIM and Integrated Design helps you learn: Table of ContentsIntroductory Statement by The American Institute of Architects vii Preface ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction xv PART I BIM As Though People Mattered 1 Chapter 1 WHAT YOU ADOPT WHEN ADOPTING BIM 3 Chapter 2 THE SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING BIM 29 Case Study Interview with Paul Durand, AIA, and Allison Scott, Winter Street Architects 46 Case Study Interview with Aaron Greven, BIM Consultant 53 Chapter 3 WHO WORKS IN BIM AND WHO DOESN’T 63 Case Study Interview with Jack Hungerford, PhD 69 Case Study Interview with Kristine K. Fallon, FAIA, Kristine Fallon Associates 76 PART II Leading Integrated Design 89 Chapter 4 WORKING WITH OTHERS IN BIM 91 Case Study Interview with Rich Nitzsche, CIO, Perkins + Will 111 Chapter 5 BIM AND INTEGRATED DESIGN 127 Case Study Interview with Andy Stapleton and Peter Rumpf, Mortenson Construction 140 Case Study Interview with Jonathan Cohen, FAIA, Architect and Author 148 PART III Leading and Learning 157 Chapter 6 LEADING FROM THE MODEL 159 Case Study Interview with Bradley Beck, Architect and BIM Manager 171 Case Study Interview with Charles Hardy, director, Office of Project Delivery at U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) Public Buildings Service National Capital Region 191 Chapter 7 LEARNING BIM AND INTEGRATED DESIGN 201 Case Study Interview with Yanni Loukissas, PhD, Postdoctoral associate, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 209 Case Study Interview with Phil Bernstein, FAIA, vice president, Autodesk 218 Epilogue 235 Index 237

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Book SynopsisA practical guide to SketchUp addressing the specific needs of interior designers Already a common and popular tool for architects and landscape architects, SketchUp is increasingly finding a place in the professional workflow of interior designers.Table of ContentsForeword vii Chapter 1: What Is SketchUp and How Do Interior Designers Use It? 1 What Is SketchUp? 1 Who Uses It? 2 Is It Easy to Learn? 2 What Is SketchUp Used For? 2 The Difference between Traditional CAD Drawings and Models 2 How SketchUp Displays the Model 3 Types of Models 3 What SketchUp Make (Free Version) Can Do 4 What SketchUp Pro Can Do 5 How Designers Use SketchUp 9 Chapter 2: Getting Started 13 Hardware, Operating System, and Browser Requirements 13 The Video Card 14 The Space Navigator 3D Mouse 14 Use a Tablet PC 15 Download SketchUp Make 16 The Workspace 20 Run Multiple SketchUp Files at the Same Time 22 Save Options 23 Backup Files 24 Chapter 3: Exploring the Interface 25 Select or Change a Template 25 Add the Large Tool Set 25 The Select Tool 27 The Rectangle Tool 28 The Inference Engine 28 The Push/Pull Tool 29 Input Numbers 30 The Pan and Orbit Tools 31 The P Modifier Keys 32 The Escape Key 32 The Zoom Tool 32 The Views Toolbar: Generate Orthographic Drawings 32 Select with Selection and Crossing Windows 35 Select by Clicking, Right-Clicking, and Holding the Shift and Control Keys 36 The Move Tool 37 Customize the Desktop 38 Make a Custom Template 41 The Help Function 42 Manage Dialog Boxes 42 Chapter 4: Modeling Furniture, Cabinetry, and Accessories 45 Faces and Edges 45 The Eraser Tool and Erasing 45 The Pencil and Freehand Tools 46 The Move Tool 47 Stickiness 48 Groups 49 Causes of a Non-Filling Face 51 Color-Coordinate the Model’s Lines with the Axes by Changing the Edge Style Setting 52 Model a Table 53 Model a Bookcase 62 Model a Clock with Radial Array 79 Chapter 5: Drafting, Modeling, and Furnishing a Floor Plan 85 Prepare a Raster File for Import 85 Draft a Plan by Tracing a Raster Image 85 Trace Interior Walls 93 Edge Styles Again 94 From Plan to Model 96 Flashing Planes 100 Draft a Plan from a Paper Sketch 102 Interior vs. Exterior Models. 108 Components in Single- vs. Double-Sided Walls 108 Create Plan and Elevation Views 116 Model a Building from an AutoCAD Plan 121 Interact with Revit, 20–20, and Other Programs 124 “Clipping” (Disappearing Geometry) 125 Model a Sloped Ceiling with the Protractor Tool 125 Chapter 6: Modeling a Two-Story House Interior 131 Model the Shell and First Floor 131 Model the Second Floor 137 Model the Living Room 145 Model a Cabinet 147 Model Crown Molding with the Follow Me Tool 151 Model a Stairs Guard 155 Edit a Downloaded Staircase 156 The Outliner 164 Chapter 7: Painting with Colors, Textures, and Photo-Matching 169 What Is Painting? 169 Paint with Native SketchUp Materials 169 Paint with Textures 174 Paint the Stairs 176 Import Swatches from Other Models 178 Put New Colors and Textures into the Software 178 Check Face Orientation on Painted Surfaces with Entity Info and Face Style 180 Apply a Real-Life Design Scheme to the Model 180 Import a Texture 183 Import an Image 188 Photo-Match an Interior Space 202 Chapter 8: Enhancing and Presenting the Model 209 Annotate the Model: Dimensions and Text 209 Dimension a Floor Plan. 214 Scenes 224 The Walk-Through Tools 231 What Are Dynamic Components? 233 Save vs. Export 236 Enhance with Other Software 238 Enhance with Hand-Rendering 238 Why SketchUp May Run Slow 246 Chapter 9: Plugins and LayOut 253 What’s a Plugin? 253 LayOut 265 SketchUCation Forum 277 Index 279

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Book SynopsisThe bright future and exciting possibilities of BIM Many architects and engineers regard BIM as a disruptive force, changing the way building professionals design, build, and ultimately manage a built structure.Table of ContentsForeword xvii Acknowledgments xxi Introduction xxiii Software Mentioned xxxi Part 1 Design Thinking and BIM 1 Chapter 1 Smart Buildings/Smart(er) Designers: BIM and the Creative Design Process Glenn Goldman Andrzej Zarzycki 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Evaluation of Visual Information: Form 5 1.3 Generative Abilities of Parametric Models 6 1.4 How Lighting, Thermal, and Structural Considerations Can Drive the Design 6 1.5 Limitations of Current Parametric Models 8 1.6 Physics and Materiality 9 1.6.1 Solving for Multiple Criteria 10 1.6.2 Other Data Types 10 1.6.3 Soft Constraints 11 1.7 Design and Construction 2.0 12 1.7.1 Context-Aware Data 12 1.7.2 Beyond a Single Lifespan of the Project 13 1.8 Conclusion 15 Discussion Questions 15 Bibliography 16 Chapter 2 Necessity of Cognitive Modeling in BIM’s Future 17 Ömer Akin 2.1 Introduction: Some Useful Concepts 17 2.2 Building Information Modeling: The Brand New World of Design Computing 20 2.3 Cognitive Strategies for BIM: Challenges and Opportunities 21 2.4 Conclusions 26 Discussion Questions 26 References 27 Chapter 3 Modeling Architectural Meaning 29 Mark J. Clayton 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 Architectural Ontology 30 3.3 Regulating Lines 30 3.4 Diagrams and Semantics 36 3.5 Types 38 3.6 Conclusion 40 Discussion Questions 40 References 41 Chapter 4 Knowledge-Based Building Information Modeling 43 Hugo Sheward Charles Eastman 4.1 The Potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Capture Design Expertise 43 4.2 “Vanilla BIM” versus Knowledge-Based BIM 44 4.3 What Is Design Expertise? 44 4.3.1 Heuristics Applied to Design Processes 45 4.3.2 Design Workflows and Knowledge-Based BIM 46 4.4 Capturing and Deploying Design Expertise 47 4.4.1 Capturing Design Expertise 47 4.4.2 Embedding Knowledge in BIM 47 4.4.3 Example 1: Building Service Core 49 4.4.4 Example 2: Ventilation in Laboratories 50 4.5 Examples of Deployment 53 4.5.1 Deployment in Manufacturing 53 4.5.2 Uses in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction 53 4.6 Summary 54 Discussion Questions 54 References 55 Part 2 BIM Analytics 57 Chapter 5 Parametric BIM SIM: Integrating Parametric Modeling, BIM, and Simulation for Architectural Design 59 Wei Yan 5.1 Executive Summary 59 5.2 Introduction 59 5.2.1 Parametric Modeling 60 5.2.2 BIM and Parametric BIM 60 5.2.3 Building Energy Simulation 61 5.2.4 A Streamlined Modeling Process 63 5.3 Complexity and Interfaces 65 Chapter 6 Models and Measurement: Changing Design Value with Simulation, Analysis, and Outcomes 79 Phillip G. Bernstein Matt Jezyk 5.3.1 Complexity and Computability 65 5.3.2 User Interfaces and System Interfaces 66 5.4 Case Studies 69 5.4.1 Physical BIM for Thermal and Daylighting Simulations 69 5.4.2 Parametric BIM-Based Energy Optimization 72 5.5 Conclusion 74 Acknowledgments 74 Discussion Questions 74 References 75 6.1 Introduction 79 6.2 BIM 1.0 80 6.3 Analysis and Simulation through BIM 1.0 80 6.4 BIM 2.0 83 6.5 Geometry, Behavioral Properties, Parameters, and Analysis 85 6.6 Ideation and Design Production under BIM 2.0 89 6.7 Design Empowerment 91 6.8 Conclusion: Avenues to Alternative Value Generation 91 Discussion Questions 92 References 93 Chapter 7 Energy Modeling in Conceptual Design 95 Timothy Hemsath 7.1 Introduction 95 7.2 Building Performance Simulation (BPS) 95 7.3 BIM’s Role in the Process 97 7.4 Conceptual Design Decisions 98 7.5 Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization 101 7.5.1 Sensitivity Analysis 101 7.5.2 Conceptual Design Optimization 102 7.6 BIM Affordances 105 7.7 Conclusion 107 Acknowledgments 107 Discussion Questions 107 References 108 Chapter 8 Performance Art: Analytics and the New Theater of Design Practice 109 Daniel Davis Nathan Miller 8.1 Introduction 109 8.2 Instruments 110 8.3 Analytics 112 8.4 Interactions 115 8.5 Conclusion: Algorithms Are Thoughts 116 Discussion Questions 117 References 117 Chapter 9 Automated Energy Performance Visualization for BIM 119 Paola Sanguinetti Pasi Paasiala Charles Eastman 9.1 Introduction 119 9.2 Case Study: Automated Analysis of U.S. Courthouse Models for GSA 120 9.2.1 Preliminary Concept Design (PCD) 120 9.2.2 Post-Processing for Energy Analysis 120 9.2.3 Building Model Property Definition 123 9.3 Performance Visualization 123 9.3.1 Aggregation of Simulation Output Variables 124 9.3.2 Visualization of Thermal Flows 124 9.4 Discussion 125 9.5 Conclusion 127 Acknowledgments 127 Discussion Questions 127 References 127 Chapter 10 Urban Energy Information Modeling: High Fidelity Aggregated Building Simulation for District Energy Systems 129 Nina Baird Shalini Ramesh Henry Johnstone Khee Poh Lam 10.1 Introduction 129 10.2 Understanding District Energy Systems 129 10.3 Community Energy Planning 130 10.4 Dynamic Energy Mapping 132 10.4.1 An Initial Example: Pittsburgh’s Lower Hill District 132 10.4.2 Urban Energy Simulation of the Lower Hill District 133 10.4.3 Future Improvements Using Cloud Services 134 10.4.4 First Order District System Analysis 135 10.4.5 Data Visualization for Time-of-Use Aggregate Load Profiles 136 10.4.6 Interpreting Lower Hill District Results 137 10.5 The Future: BIM in Urban Energy Information Modeling 139 Discussion Questions 140 References 140 Chapter 11 BIM and the Predesign Process: Modeling the Unknown 143 Michael Donn 11.1 Introduction 143 11.1.1 Current BIM Concepts Limit Performance Analysis 144 11.1.2 Performance Analysis in Early Design 144 11.2 Limits of Traditional Early Design Analysis 145 11.2.1 The Promise of BIM in Early Design 145 11.2.2 Performative (Generative) Design as a Solution 145 11.2.3 Daylight Design Example of Limits of Traditional Analysis 147 11.2.4 Modern Performance Metrics in Daylight Design 147 11.3 BIM-Based Detailed Performance Analysis 149 11.3.1 A BIM Is More than a Representation of a Building 149 11.3.2 The Role of the Analyst in Performance Simulation 150 11.3.3 Tools for Rapid Evaluation of Design Scenarios 152 11.4 Conclusion: Inventing a New BIM for Early Design Analysis 153 Discussion Questions 154 References 154 Chapter 12 Analytical BIM: BIM Fragments, Domain Gaps, and Other Impediments 157 Karen M. Kensek 12.1 Introduction 157 12.2 Analytical Modeling 157 12.3 Building Information Modeling 158 12.4 Levels of BIM 159 12.4.1 Pre-BIM: Planning Stages 161 12.4.2 BIM Light: A Component-Based 3D Model 161 12.4.3 BIM + Information 161 12.4.4 BIM + Knowledge 162 12.4.5 BIM + Decisions 163 12.5 FDEIC Knowledge 164 12.6 Feedback Loop 165 12.7 Fragment BIMs and Three Gaps 166 12.7.1 Architect to Energy Consultant 167 12.7.2 Architect to Contractor 167 12.7.3 Architect and Contractor to Facilities Manager and Owner 169 12.8 Conclusion 170 Acknowledgments 170 Discussion Questions 170 References 171 Part 3 Comprehensive BIM 173 Chapter 13 One BIM to Rule Them All: Future Reality or Myth? 175 Brian R. Johnson 13.1 Introduction 175 13.2 A Brief History of the Single Model 175 13.3 The 2D Interregnum 176 13.3.1 Drawings versus Models 176 13.4 What’s Wrong with This Picture? 177 13.4.1 Task Complexity 177 13.4.2 Software Complexity 179 13.4.3 When a Model Isn’t Enough: Data versus Process 180 13.4.4 Limitations on Data as an Expression of Intent 181 13.4.5 People and Cognition 182 13.5 One BIM to Rule Them All? 183 Discussion Questions 184 References 184 Chapter 14 Component-Based BIM: A Comprehensive, Detailed, Single-Model Strategy 187 Anton C. Harfmann 14.1 Executive Summary 187 14.2 The Wicked Problem of Making Architecture 188 14.2.1 Design Complexity and Uniqueness 188 14.2.2 Fragmentation and Multiple Representations 189 14.2.3 Redesign and Discovery 189 14.3 Implementing Component-Based Design 190 14.3.1 The Component-Based Paradigm: Overview 190 14.3.2 Product/Manufacturer Links 191 14.3.3 External Reasoning 191 14.3.4 BIM-Driven Component Modeling 192 14.3.5 Component-Based Model Example 192 14.3.6 Component Model as Authority 195 14.4 Conclusion 195 Discussion Questions 196 References 196 Chapter 15 BIM Ecosystem: The Coevolution of Products, Processes, and People 197 Ning Gu Vishal Singh Kerry London 15.1 Introduction 197 15.2 Coevolution of Products, Processes, and People 198 15.3 Understanding the Industry Context of BIM 199 15.3.1 Fundamental Characteristics of BIM and Their Evolution 199 15.3.2 Industry Perception of BIM-Related Products, Processes, and People 201 15.4 Establishing a BIM Ecosystem: Operational and Support Technical Requirements in BIM 202 15.5 Establishing a BIM Ecosystem: Collaborative Platform BIM Decision Framework 203 15.5.1 Current Scope and Development of the Decision Framework 203 15.5.2 Sections of the Decision Framework for BIM Implementation 204 15.5.3 Applying the Decision Framework in Collaborative Practice 204 15.6 Discussion and Future BIM Ecosystem 207 15.6.1 Key Issues and Implication of Future BIM Ecosystem 207 15.6.2 Preparing for Future BIM Ecosystem 208 Discussion Questions 209 References 209 Part 4 Reasoning with BIM 211 Chapter 16 BIM, Materials, and Fabrication 213 Christopher Beorkrem 16.1 The Uber-Detail 213 16.2 Materials 214 16.3 The Logic of Materiality 215 16.4 Soft Data 218 16.5 Backward BIM 220 16.6 BIM, Materials, and Fabrication 222 16.7 Going Forward 222 16.8 Conclusion 223 Discussion Questions 224 References 224 Chapter 17 Communicating Semantics through Model Restructuring and Representation 225 Ramesh Krishnamurti Varvara Toulkeridou Tajin Biswas 17.1 Introduction 225 17.2 Spatial Reasoning and Querying 227 17.2.1 BIM as an Infrastructure for Spatial Reasoning 227 17.2.2 Extraction, Restructuring, Representation 227 17.2.3 Spatial Topology Data Extraction from IFC 228 17.2.4 Prototype for Spatial Topology Queries 229 17.3 Reasoning for Green Certification 230 17.3.1 Aggregation, Augmentation, Representation 231 17.3.2 Prototype for Green Certification 232 17.4 Conclusion 233 Discussion Questions 233 References 234 Chapter 18 BIM as a Catalyst to Foster Creativity through Collaboration 237 Murali Paranandi 18.1 Introduction 237 18.2 The Role of Collaboration in Design 238 18.3 Social Framework 238 18.3.1 The Human Side 239 18.3.2 Define and Manage Roles 240 18.3.3 Co-locating to Facilitate Dialog 241 18.4 Computational Workflows 242 18.4.1 Tools for Designing and Collaborating 242 18.4.2 Collaborative Prototyping 243 18.4.3 Crowdsourcing 244 18.4.4 Knowledge Capture and Sharing in the Cloud 245 18.5 Conclusion 247 18.5.1 Feedback to Academia 247 18.5.2 Feedback to the Profession 247 Acknowledgments 248 Discussion Questions 248 References 248 Chapter 19 BIM and Virtual Reconstruction: A Long-Term View of (Re-)Modeling 251 Bob Martens Herbert Peter 19.1 Executive Summary 251 19.2 Introduction 252 19.3 BIM and Virtual Reconstruction 253 19.4 Information Basis: Model Tree Structures 257 19.5 Model Porting and Data Exchange 261 19.5.1 Model Porting 262 19.5.2 Data Exchange 262 19.6 Outlook: Where Do We Go from Here? 263 19.7 Conclusion 264 Discussion Questions 264 References 264 Part 5 Professional BIM 267 Chapter 20 Managing BIM Projects, Organizations, and Policies: Turning Aspirations into Quantitative Measures of Success 269 Calvin Kam 20.1 Introduction 269 20.2 Scorecard Methodology 270 20.3 Project Evaluation 272 20.4 Continuous Evaluation 275 20.5 Performance Indicators 276 20.6 Portfolio Evaluation 277 20.7 Country-Level BIM Evaluations 278 20.8 Conclusion 279 Acknowledgments 280 Discussion Questions 280 References 280 Chapter 21 Space: The First (and Final) Frontier of BIM 281 Stephen R Hagan 21.1 Introduction 281 21.2 Historical Perspectives of Space and the Facility Life Cycle 282 21.3 Space, Measurement, and BIM 282 21.4 BIM Spatial Pioneers: Coast Guard and GSA 283 21.5 Project Spatial BIM: Connecting Program to Design, Construction, and Facility Management 288 21.6 Geospatial, Campus-Wide, and Services-Oriented Spatial BIM 289 21.7 Standardizing Spatial BIM: IFMA-BOMA, BISDM, CityGML, and Indoor Navigation 290 21.8 Conclusion 290 Discussion Questions 292 References 292 Chapter 22 Translating Designs for Construction + Operations: The Future of BIM in a World of Material and Energy Scarcity 295 Franca Trubiano 22.1 Buildings, Information, and Modeling 295 22.1.1 The Promise 295 22.1.2 The Critique 296 22.2 The Changing Character of Architectural Representations 297 22.3 Facilitating the Translation from Design to Construction—with Matter 299 22.4 Facilitating the Translation from Design to Operations—with Energy 308 22.5 Conclusion 310 Discussion Questions 311 References 311 Chapter 23 Marx, BIM, and Contemporary Labor 313 Peggy Deamer 23.1 BIM and Work 313 23.2 BIM Managers: What They Are Doing 314 23.2.1 Design versus Technology 314 23.2.2 Networked Tasks 315 23.2.3 Political/Organizational Change 316 23.3 The Enactment of Enlightened Management Theory 317 23.4 Conclusion: Post-Capitalist Architecture 319 Discussion Questions 319 References 319 Part 6 BIM Speculation 321 Chapter 24 Beyond BIM: Next-Generation Building Information Modeling to Support Form, Function, and Use of Buildings 323 Yehuda E. Kalay Davide Schaumann Seung Wan Hong Davide Simeone 24.1 Rationale 323 24.2 The Shortcomings of BIM 325 24.3 Form, Function, Use 327 24.3.1 Form 327 24.3.2 Function 327 24.3.3 Use 328 24.4 Dependencies 329 24.4.1 Form versus Function 329 24.4.2 Form versus Use 330 24.4.3 Function versus Use 330 24.5 Objectives 330 24.6 Methodology 330 24.7 Implementation 331 24.8 Conclusion 334 Acknowledgments 334 Discussion Questions 334 References 334 Chapter 25 Engines of Information: Big Data from Small Buildings 337 Chandler Ahrens Aaron Sprecher 25.1 Introduction 337 25.2 Data to Information 338 25.3 Looking through the Lens of Data 340 25.4 Building an Information Model 342 25.5 The Present Future 343 25.6 IM: Drop the (B) 344 25.7 Information to Knowledge 347 25.8 Conclusion 347 Discussion Questions 347 References 348 Chapter 26 BIM and MetaBIM: Design Narrative and Modeling Building Information 349 Mark Burry 26.1 Background to a Series of Dilemmas 349 26.2 A Case in Point: The Sagrada Família Basilica Sala Creuer 351 26.2.1 Sala Creuer Documentation 351 26.2.2 Project Phases 352 26.3 Creative Digital Workflow as BIM 357 26.4 Watch This Space 360 Acknowledgments 362 Discussion Questions 362 Glossary 363 Author Biographies 373 Index 385

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsContents Introduction xxix Part 1 The Basics 1 Chapter 1 Exploring the Interface 3 Taking a Guided Tour 3 Launching AutoCAD 4 The AutoCAD Window 5 Using the Application Menu 7 Using the Ribbon 8 Picking Points in the Drawing Area 14 Using the UCS Icon 14 Working in the Command Window 15 Working with AutoCAD 15 Opening an Existing File 16 Getting a Closer Look 17 Saving a File as You Work 21 Making Changes 21 Working with Multiple Files 22 Adding a Predrawn Symbol with the Tool Palettes 25 The Bottom Line 28 Chapter 2 Creating Your First Drawing 29 Getting to Know the Home Tab’s Draw and Modify Panels 29 Starting Your First Drawing 32 Specifying Exact Distances with Coordinates 36 Specifying Polar Coordinates 38 Specifying Relative Cartesian Coordinates 39 Interpreting the Cursor Modes and Understanding Prompts 41 Understanding Cursor Modes 41 Choosing Command Options 43 Selecting Objects 48 Selecting Objects in AutoCAD 48 Providing Base Points 51 Using Noun/Verb Selection 54 Editing with Grips 60 Stretching Lines by Using Grips 60 Moving and Rotating with Grips 63 Understanding Dynamic Input 65 Displaying Data in a Text Window 70 Displaying the Properties of an Object 71 Getting Help 74 Using the Info Center 74 Finding Additional Sources of Help 74 The Bottom Line 75 Chapter 3 Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 77 Setting Up a Work Area 77 Specifying Units 78 Fine-Tuning the Measurement System 80 Setting up the Drawing Limits 81 Looking at an Alternative to Limits 83 Understanding Scale Factors 83 Using Polar Tracking 85 Setting the Polar Tracking Angle 86 Exploring the Drawing Process 88 Locating an Object in Reference to Others 88 Getting a Closer Look 89 Modifying an Object 89 Planning and Laying Out a Drawing 94 Making a Preliminary Sketch 95 Using the Layout 96 Erasing the Layout Lines 102 Putting on the Finishing Touches 105 Aligning Objects by Using Object Snap Tracking 106 Using the AutoCAD Modes as Drafting Tools 110 Using Grid Mode as a Background Grid 111 Using Snap Modes 113 The Bottom Line 114 Chapter 4 Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 115 Creating and Using a Symbol 115 Understanding the Block Definition Dialog Box 118 Inserting a Symbol 120 Scaling and Rotating Blocks 122 Using an Existing Drawing as a Symbol 124 Modifying a Block 127 Unblocking and Redefining a Block 127 Saving a Block as a Drawing File 129 Replacing Existing Files with Blocks 130 Understanding the Write Block Dialog Box Options 131 Other Uses for Blocks 131 Understanding the Annotation Scale 132 Grouping Objects 135 Modifying Members of a Group 137 Ungrouping, Adding, and Subtracting from a Group 140 Working with the Object Grouping Dialog Box 141 Working with the AutoCAD LT Group Manager 143 The Bottom Line 144 Chapter 5 Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 147 Organizing Information with Layers 147 Creating and Assigning Layers 148 Working on Layers 155 Controlling Layer Visibility 158 Finding the Layers You Want 160 Taming an Unwieldy List of Layers 161 Assigning Line types to Layers 169 Adding a Line type to a Drawing 170 Controlling Line weights 174 Keeping Track of Blocks and Layers 174 Getting a Text File List of Layers or Blocks 175 The Bottom Line 177 Part 2 Mastering Intermediate Skills 179 Chapter 6 Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 181 Creating and Using Templates 182 Creating a Template 182 Using a Template 183 Copying an Object Multiple Times 184 Making Circular Copies 184 Making Row and Column Copies 186 Fine-Tuning Your View 188 Finishing the Kitchenette 190 Array Along a Path 191 Making Changes to an Associative Array 192 Developing Your Drawing 196 Importing Settings 196 Using Osnap Tracking to Place Objects 199 Finding an Exact Distance Along a Curve 216 Changing the Length of Objects 218 Creating a New Drawing by Using Parts from Another Drawing 219 Eliminating Unused Blocks, Layers, Line types, Shapes, Styles, and More 220 The Bottom Line 222 Chapter 7 Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 223 Assembling the Parts 223 Taking Control of the AutoCAD Display 227 Understanding Regeneration and Redrawing 227 Saving Views 228 Understanding the Frozen Layer Option 231 Using Hatch Patterns in Your Drawings 233 Placing a Hatch Pattern in a Specific Area 233 Adding Predefined Hatch Patterns 235 Positioning Hatch Patterns Accurately 237 Updating a Block from an External File 238 Changing the Hatch Area 240 Modifying a Hatch Pattern 241 Understanding the Boundary Hatch Options 243 Controlling Boundaries with the Boundaries Panel 243 Fine-Tuning the Boundary Behavior 244 Controlling Hatch Behavior with the Options Panel 244 Controlling Hatch Default Layer, Layout Scale, and ISO Line Weight 246 Using Additional Hatch Features 246 Using Gradient Shading 247 Tips for Using Hatch 249 Space Planning and Hatch Patterns 249 Using External References 253 Attaching a Drawing as an External Reference 253 Other Differences Between External References and Blocks 257 Other External Reference Options 258 Clipping Xref Views and Improving Performance 260 Editing Xrefs in Place 263 Using the External Reference Tab 265 Adding and Removing Objects from Blocks and Xrefs 266 Understanding the Reference Edit Dialog Box Options 268 The Bottom Line 269 Chapter 8 Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 271 Plotting the Plan 271 Understanding the Plotter Settings 275 Paper Size 275 Drawing Orientation 276 Plot Area 276 Plot Scale 277 Shaded Viewport Options 280 Plot Offset 282 Plot Options 282 Exit Options 283 Plotting Using Layout Views 284 Setting Plot Scale in the Layout Viewports 286 Adding an Output Device 288 Editing a Plotter Configuration 290 Storing a Page Setup 292 Using Electronic Plots 296 Exporting to PDF Through the Plot Dialog Box 297 Exporting to PDF Through the Export To DWF/PDF Ribbon Panel 298 Exporting Autodesk DWF and DWFx Files 298 The Bottom Line 300 Chapter 9 Adding Text to Drawings 301 Preparing a Drawing for Text 301 Organizing Text by Styles 302 Getting Familiar with the Text and Annotation Scale Control Panels 304 Setting the Annotation Scale and Adding Text 305 Inserting Text 305 Exploring Text and Scale 307 Understanding the Text Style Dialog Box Options 309 Styles 309 Set Current/New/Delete 309 Font 310 Size 310 Effects 310 Exploring Text Formatting in AutoCAD 311 Adjusting the Text Height and Font 311 Understanding the Text Editor Tab 313 Adding Symbols and Special Characters 315 Setting Indents and Tabs 318 What Do the Fonts Look Like? 321 Adding Simple Single-Line Text Objects 323 Justifying Single-Line Text Objects 325 Using Special Characters with Single-Line Text Objects 327 Using the Check Spelling Feature 329 How Check Spelling Works 329 Choosing a Dictionary 330 Substituting Fonts 331 Finding and Replacing Text 332 The Bottom Line 337 Chapter 10 Using Fields and Tables 339 Using Fields to Associate Text with Drawing Properties 339 Adding Tables to Your Drawing 343 Creating a Table 343 Adding Cell Text 345 Adjusting Table Text Orientation and Location 346 Editing the Table Line Work 349 Adding Formulas to Cells 352 Using Formulas Directly in Cells 352 Using Other Math Operations 353 Importing and Exporting Tables 354 Importing a Table 354 Exporting Tables 356 Creating Table Styles 356 Adding or Modifying a Table Style 356 The Table Style Options 358 The Bottom Line 359 Chapter 11 Using Dimensions 361 Understanding the Components of a Dimension 361 Creating a Dimension Style 362 Setting Up the Primary Unit Style 364 Setting the Height for Dimension Text 366 Setting the Location and Orientation of Dimension Text 367 Choosing an Arrow Style and Setting the Dimension Scale 368 Setting Up Alternate Units 372 Setting the Current Dimension Style 373 Modifying a Dimension Style 374 Drawing Linear Dimensions 374 Understanding the Dimensions Panel 374 Placing Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions 375 Continuing a Dimension 376 Drawing Dimensions from a Common Base Extension Line 378 Adjusting the Distance Between Dimensions 380 Editing Dimensions 381 Appending Data to Dimension Text 381 Using Grips to Make Minor Adjustments to Dimensions 383 Changing Style Settings of Individual Dimensions 385 Editing Dimensions and Other Objects Together 386 Associating Dimensions with Objects 389 Adding a String of Dimensions with a Single Operation 390 Adding or Removing the Alternate Dimensions 390 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Objects 392 Dimensioning Nonorthogonal Linear Distances 392 Dimensioning Radii, Diameters, and Arcs 393 Skewing Dimension Lines 398 Using the Dimension Tool 398 Adding a Note with a Leader Arrow 402 Creating Multileader Styles 404 Editing Multileader Notes 406 Breaking a Dimension Line for a Leader 406 Applying Ordinate Dimensions 407 Adding Tolerance Notation 408 Inserting Tolerance and Datum Values 408 Adding Inspection Dimensions 409 The Bottom Line 411 Part 3 Mastering Advanced Skills 413 Chapter 12 Using Attributes 415 Creating Attributes 416 Adding Attributes to Blocks 416 Copying and Editing Attribute Definitions 419 Turning the Attribute Definitions into a Block 421 Inserting Blocks Containing Attributes 422 Editing Attributes 426 Editing Attribute Values One at a Time 426 Editing Attribute Text Formats and Properties 427 Making Global Changes to Attribute Values 428 Making Invisible Attributes Visible 430 Making Global Format and Property Changes to Attributes 431 Other Block Attribute Manager Options 432 Redefining Blocks Containing Attributes 433 Extracting and Exporting Attribute Information 434 Performing the Extraction 434 Extracting Attribute Data to an AutoCAD Table 439 The Bottom Line 441 Chapter 13 Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 443 Methods for Converting Paper Drawings to AutoCAD Files 443 Importing a Raster Image 444 Working with a Raster Image 446 Scaling a Raster Image 448 Controlling Object Visibility and Overlap with Raster Images 448 Adjusting Brightness, Contrast, and Fade 450 Clipping a Raster Image 452 Turning Off the Frame, Adjusting Overall Quality, and Controlling Transparency 454 Working with PDF Files 456 Importing a PDF 456 Scaling and Osnaps with PDFs 458 Controlling the PDF Display 459 Importing a PDF as an AutoCAD Drawing 461 Reconstructing Imported AutoCAD SHX Fonts 463 Coordinating Geographic Locations 464 Making Adjustments to the Map 467 Finding Measurements and Distances 469 The Bottom Line 470 Chapter 14 Advanced Editing and Organizing 471 Using External References 471 Preparing Existing Drawings for External Referencing 472 Assembling Xrefs to Build a Drawing 474 Updating Blocks in Xrefs 478 Importing Named Elements from Xrefs 479 Controlling the Xref Search Path 483 Managing Layers 484 Saving and Recalling Layer Settings 484 Other Tools for Managing Layers 487 Using Advanced Tools: Filter and Quick Select 490 Filtering Selections 490 Using Quick Select 494 Using the QuickCalc Calculator 497 Adding Foot and Inch Lengths and Finding the Sum of Angles 498 Converting Units with QuickCalc 501 Using QuickCalc to Find Points 502 Finding Fractional Distances Between Two Points 505 Using QuickCalc While in the Middle of a Command 507 Storing Expressions and Values 509 Guidelines for Working with QuickCalc 511 The Bottom Line 513 Chapter 15 Laying Out Your Printer Output 515 Understanding Model Space and Paper Space 515 Switching from Model Space to Paper Space 516 Setting the Size of a Paper Space Layout 518 Creating New Paper Space Viewports 519 Creating a Viewport from a Saved View 521 Reaching Inside Viewports 522 Working with Paper Space Viewports 523 Scaling Views in Paper Space 525 Setting Layers in Individual Viewports 527 Creating and Using Multiple Paper Space Layouts 531 Creating Odd-Shaped Viewports 532 Understanding Lineweights, Linetypes, and Dimensions in Paper Space 535 Controlling and Viewing Lineweights in Paper Space 535 The Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 537 Linetype Scales and Paper Space 538 Dimensioning in Paper Space Layouts 538 Other Uses for Paper Space 541 The Bottom Line 542 Chapter 16 Making “Smart” Drawings with Parametric Tools 543 Why Use Parametric Drawing Tools? 543 Connecting Objects with Geometric Constraints 545 Using AutoConstrain to Add Constraints Automatically 545 Editing a Drawing Containing Constraints 546 Using Other Geometric Constraints 549 Using Constraints in the Drawing Process 550 Controlling Sizes with Dimensional Constraints 551 Adding a Dimensional Constraint 551 Editing a Dimensional Constraint 553 Using Formulas to Control and Link Dimensions 555 Adding a Formula Parameter 556 Testing the Formula 557 Using Other Formulas 558 Editing the Constraint Options 559 Putting Constraints to Use 560 The Bottom Line 562 Chapter 17 Using Dynamic Blocks 565 Exploring the Block Editor 565 Opening the Block Editor 566 Editing a Block and Creating New Blocks 567 Creating a Dynamic Block 568 Adding a Parameter 569 Adding an Action 570 Adding an Increment Value 572 Editing Parameters and Actions 574 Keeping an Object Centered 574 Using Constraints in Dynamic Blocks 575 Adding a List of Predefined Options 580 Creating Multiple Shapes in One Block 584 Rotating Objects in Unison 589 Filling in a Space Automatically with Objects 592 Including Block Information with Data Extraction 594 The Bottom Line 596 Chapter 18 Drawing Curves 599 Introducing Polylines 599 Drawing a Polyline 599 Setting Polyline Options 601 Editing Polylines 602 Setting Pedit Options 606 Smoothing Polylines 606 Editing Vertices 608 Creating a Polyline Spline Curve 616 Using True Spline Curves 619 Drawing a True Spline 619 Understanding the Spline Options 621 Fine-Tuning Spline Curves 622 Marking Divisions on Curves 625 Dividing Objects into Segments of Equal Length 625 Dividing Objects into Specified Lengths 627 The Bottom Line 628 Chapter 19 Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 631 Finding the Area of Closed Boundaries 631 Finding the Area of an Object 632 Using Hatch Patterns to Find Areas 633 Adding and Subtracting Areas with the Area Command 635 Getting General Information 638 Determining the Drawing’s Status 639 Keeping Track of Time 640 Getting Information from System Variables 641 Keeping a Log of Your Activity 642 Capturing and Saving Text Data from the AutoCAD Text Window 643 Understanding the Command Window Context Menu 643 Storing Searchable Information in AutoCAD Files 644 Searching for AutoCAD Files 646 Recovering Corrupted Files 646 Using the DXF File Format to Exchange CAD Data with Other Programs 647 Exporting DXF Files 647 Opening or Importing DXF Files 649 Using AutoCAD Drawings in Page Layout Programs 650 Exporting Raster Files 650 Exporting Vector Files 654 Using OLE to Import Data 656 Editing OLE Links 658 Importing Worksheets as AutoCAD Tables 659 Understanding Options for Embedding Data 661 Using the Clipboard to Export AutoCAD Drawings 662 The Bottom Line 662 Part 4 3D Modeling and Imaging 665 Chapter 20 Creating 3D Drawings 667 Getting to Know the 3D Modeling Workspace 667 Drawing in 3D Using Solids 669 Adjusting Appearances 670 Creating a 3D Box 671 Editing 3D Solids with Grips 672 Constraining Motion with the Gizmo 673 Rotating Objects in 3D Using Dynamic UCS 674 Drawing on a 3D Object’s Surface 676 Pushing and Pulling Shapes from a Solid 678 Making Changes to Your Solid 680 Creating 3D Forms from 2D Shapes 683 Isolating Coordinates with Point Filters 687 Moving Around Your Model 690 Finding Isometric and Orthogonal Views 690 Rotating Freely Around Your Model 691 Changing Your View Direction 692 Using SteeringWheels 694 Changing Where You Are Looking 696 Flying Through Your View 697 Changing from Perspective to Parallel Projection 698 Getting a Visual Effect 698 Using Visual Styles 699 Creating a Sketched Look with Visual Styles 699 In-Canvas Viewport Controls 702 Turning a 3D View into a 2D AutoCAD Drawing 702 Using the Point Cloud Feature 705 The Bottom Line 706 Chapter 21 Using Advanced 3D Features 709 Setting Up AutoCAD for This Chapter 709 Mastering the User Coordinate System 710 Defining a UCS 711 Saving a UCS 713 Working in a UCS 714 Building 3D Parts in Separate Files 715 Understanding the UCS Options 718 UCS Based on Object Orientation 718 UCS Based on Offset Orientation 721 UCS Rotated Around an Axis 721 Orienting a UCS in the View Plane 723 Manipulating the UCS Icon 723 Saving a UCS with a View 725 Using Viewports to Aid in 3D Drawing 725 Using the Array Tools 729 Making Changes to an Associative Array 730 Creating Complex 3D Surfaces 731 Laying Out a 3D Form 731 Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Formats 732 Using a 3D Polyline 734 Creating a Curved 3D Surface 734 Converting the Surface into a Solid 739 Shaping the Solid 740 Finding the Interference Between Two Solids 741 Creating Tubes with the Sweep Tool 744 Using Sweep to Create Complex Forms 746 Creating Spiral Forms 749 Creating Surface Models 751 Slicing a Solid with a Surface 753 Finding the Volume of a Cut 754 Understanding the Loft Command 756 Moving Objects in 3D Space 760 Aligning Objects in 3D Space 760 Moving an Object in 3D 761 Rotating an Object in 3D 763 The Bottom Line 764 Chapter 22 Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 765 Understanding Solid Modeling 765 Creating Solid Forms 768 Joining Primitives 768 Cutting Portions Out of a Solid 769 Creating Complex Solids 772 Tapering an Extrusion 772 Sweeping a Shape on a Curved Path 773 Revolving a Polyline 775 Editing Solids 777 Splitting a Solid into Two Pieces 777 Rounding Corners with the Fillet Tool 779 Chamfering Corners with the Chamfer Tool 780 Using the Solid-Editing Tools 781 Streamlining the 2D Drawing Process 790 Drawing Standard Top, Front, and Right-Side Views 791 Creating 2D Drawings with the Base View Command 794 Adding Dimensions and Notes in a Layout 798 Using Visual Styles with a Viewport 799 Visualizing Solids 800 The Bottom Line 811 Chapter 23 Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 813 Creating a Simple 3D Mesh 813 Creating a Mesh Primitive 814 Understanding the Parts of a Mesh 815 Smoothing a Mesh 815 Editing Faces and Edges 817 Stretching Faces 819 Moving an Edge 821 Adding More Faces 824 Rotating an Edge 827 Adding a Crease 828 Splitting and Extruding a Mesh Face 830 Creating Mesh Surfaces 833 Revolved Surface 833 Edge Surface 835 Ruled Surface 836 Tabulated Surface 837 Converting Meshes to Solids 837 Understanding 3D Surfaces 838 Editing Surfaces 841 Using Extrude, Surface Trim, and Surface Fillet 842 Using Surface Blend, Patch, and Offset 845 Understanding Associativity 848 Editing with Control Vertices 852 Editing with the CV Edit Bar 855 Making Holes in a Surface with the Project Geometry Panel 857 Visualizing Curvature: Understanding the Analysis Panel 859 The Bottom Line 861 Part 5 Customization and Integration 863 Chapter 24 Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 865 Using Workspaces 865 Customizing the User Interface 867 Taking a Quick Customization Tour 867 Understanding the Customizations In All Files Panel 871 Getting the Overall View 874 Finding Commands in the Command List 875 Opening Preview, Button Image, and Shortcuts 875 Getting to the Core of Customization in the Properties Group 876 Creating Your Own Ribbon Panels and Menus 877 Customizing Ribbon Panel Tools 878 Creating Macros in Tools and Menus 881 Pausing for User Input 883 Opening an Expanded Text Box for the Macro Option 883 Editing Keyboard Shortcuts 884 Saving, Loading, and Unloading Your Customizations 887 Understanding the DIESEL Macro Language 889 Using DIESEL at the Command Line 889 Using DIESEL in a Custom Menu Macro 891 Using DIESEL as a Menu Bar Option Label 892 Using DIESEL and Fields to Generate Text 893 Creating Custom Linetypes 896 Viewing Available Linetypes 896 Creating a New Linetype 897 Understanding the Linetype Code 898 Creating Complex Linetypes 899 Creating Hatch Patterns 901 The Bottom Line 903 Chapter 25 Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 905 Sharing Drawings Online 905 Sharing Project Files with eTransmit 906 Publishing Your Drawings 910 Exchanging Drawing Sets 910 Exploring Other Publish Options 912 Creating a PDF or DWF File by Using the Plot Dialog Box 914 Sharing Views for Commenting 916 Using the Shared Views Tool 917 Using the Autodesk Viewer Web Page 919 Adding Hyperlinks to Drawings 920 Creating Hyperlinks 921 Editing and Deleting Hyperlinks 922 Taking a Closer Look at the Hyperlink Options 923 Managing Your Drawings with DesignCenter and the Tool Palettes 924 Getting Familiar with DesignCenter 924 Opening and Inserting Files with DesignCenter 928 Finding and Extracting the Contents of a Drawing 929 Exchanging Data Between Open Files 933 Loading Specific Files into DesignCenter 934 Customizing the Tool Palettes with DesignCenter 934 Comparing Drawing Versions to Discover Changes 939 Using the Drawing Compare Tool 939 Looking at the Compare Tab Tools 940 Establishing Office Standards 940 Establishing Layering and Text Conventions 941 Checking Office Standards 942 Converting Multiple Layer Settings 946 Exploring Other Layer Translator Options 948 The Bottom Line 949 Appendices 951 Appendix A The Bottom Line 951 Chapter 1: Exploring the Interface 951 Chapter 2: Creating Your First Drawing 952 Chapter 3: Setting Up and Using the Drafting Tools 953 Chapter 4: Organizing Objects with Blocks and Groups 954 Chapter 5: Keeping Track of Layers and Blocks 955 Chapter 6: Editing and Reusing Data to Work Efficiently 955 Chapter 7: Mastering Viewing Tools, Hatches, and External References 956 Chapter 8: Introducing Printing, Plotting, and Layouts 957 Chapter 9: Adding Text to Drawings 958 Chapter 10: Using Fields and Tables 959 Chapter 11: Using Dimensions 960 Chapter 12: Using Attributes 961 Chapter 13: Copying Existing Drawings from Other Sources 962 Chapter 14: Advanced Editing and Organizing 963 Chapter 15: Laying Out Your Printer Output 963 Chapter 16: Making “Smart” Drawings with Parametric Tools 964 Chapter 17: Using Dynamic Blocks 965 Chapter 18: Drawing Curves 966 Chapter 19: Getting and Exchanging Data from Drawings 968 Chapter 20: Creating 3D Drawings 969 Chapter 21: Using Advanced 3D Features 970 Chapter 22: Editing and Visualizing 3D Solids 971 Chapter 23: Exploring 3D Mesh and Surface Modeling 972 Chapter 24: Customizing Toolbars, Menus, Linetypes, and Hatch Patterns 973 Chapter 25: Managing and Sharing Your Drawings 975 Appendix B Installing and Setting Up AutoCAD 977 Before Installing AutoCAD 977 Proceeding with the Installation 977 Configuring AutoCAD 978 The Files Tab 978 The Display Tab 981 The Open And Save Tab 983 The Plot and Publish Tab 986 The System Tab 986 The User Preferences Tab 987 The Drafting Tab 989 The 3D Modeling Tab 991 The Selection Tab 992 The Profiles Tab 994 Turning On the Noun/Verb Selection Method 995 Turning on the Grips Feature 995 Setting Up the Tracking Vector Feature 996 Adjusting the AutoCAD 3D Graphics System 996 Finding Folders That Contain AutoCAD Files 996 Setting Up AutoCAD with a White Background 997 Appendix C The Autodesk AutoCAD 2019 Certification 999 Index

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Book SynopsisDesign your own original 2D patterns and use 3D prototyping to test your designs, achieve the perfect fit and make quick alterations. Pattern Cutting For Fashion with Lectra Modaris will guide you from the basics of pattern modification through to 3D realisation, alteration and visual effects, as well as the completion of a finished production pattern. By viewing your garment in a virtual environment first, you will also be able to make design, colour, print and fabric decisions prior to toile making. Workshops include: A basic t-shirt; Dart modification; Darts into seams; Darts into Flare; Button wrap and facings; A Basic Jean; Pleats in a Skirt /Trouser with pocket; A shirt with two piece collar /yoke; Modelling on the half scale stand and converting pattern to full scale.Table of ContentsIntroduction A bit about Lectra What is digital pattern cutting? Introduction to Modaris Classic How to use this Guide Available blocks and patterns to download 1. How it Works Mouse, screen layout, keyboard Functions and saving, Access paths and navigation, Opening Model Screen layout with pattern Exercise 1 2. What is Digitising? Introduction to digitising Board and Mouse Functions Pattern preparation and curve positioning Digitising preparation and process Digitising Tips Exercise 2 3. Getting Started Points and lines and their modification Exercise 3 Exercise 4 Piece modification Geometric shapes Extracting Shapes Exercise 5 Assembly Checking Pieces Exercise 6 Orientation 4. Moving On Industrialisation – Naming pieces Notches Grain lines Exercise 7 What is a variant? How to create a variant Exercise 8 Measuring and creating a chart Exercise 9 Blocks and inserting patterns 5. Introduction to 3D Introduction to 3D process Principles of 3D prototyping Pattern preparation for 3D Variant for 3D Assembly – Desk of Stitches Slip on points Exercise 10 Error messages 6. 3D Virtual Prototype The 3D environment Configuring preferences Preparing for simulation Mannequins Simulation in the 3D environment Mesh – checking assembly Mechanical properties Adding and editing colour and print Editing fabric and rib Exercise 11 Pre-positioning 7. Workshops Creating patterns from a sketch and realising shapes in 3D Blocks and inserting patterns Workshop 1: A basic t-shirt Workshop 2: Dart modification Workshop 3: Darts into seams Workshop 4: Darts into Flare Workshop 5: Button wrap and facings 8. 3D Advanced Combining two garments Visual effects Alterations Fitting 9. Advanced Workshops Workshop 6: A Basic Jean Workshop 7: Pleats in Skirt /Trouser with pocket Workshop 8: A Shirt with two piece collar /Yoke Workshop 9: Scale – Modelling on the Half scale stand and converting pattern to full scale 10. Student Innovation A collection of student work Quick Reference Guide Further Resources

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Book Synopsis

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisAutodesk AutoCAD 2020 Fundamentals is designed to be used during instructor led training in an eight week course. It is an introductory level textbook intended for new AutoCAD 2020 users. This book covers all the fundamental skills necessary for effectively using AutoCAD and will provide a strong foundation for advancement. This textbook applies the use of AutoCAD as it pertains to mechanical drafting. Knowing how to draw a line in AutoCAD is not the same as understanding which line type is required when creating technical drawings. This text not only provides the necessary information to operate AutoCAD 2020 but also provides the skills to use AutoCAD as a tool to work proficiently as a drafter or designer.

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Book SynopsisPrinciples and Practices An Integrated Approach to Engineering Graphics and AutoCAD 2020 combines an introduction to AutoCAD 2020 with a comprehensive coverage of engineering graphics principles. By adopting this textbook, you will no longer need to adopt separate CAD and engineering graphics books for your course.

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Book SynopsisThis guide is not intended to teach you how to use SOLIDWORKS, but is written to provide you with CSWP exam tips, hints and information on sample questions and categories that are aligned with the exam. This guide is written to help you take and pass the CSWP exam.

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Book SynopsisSOLIDWORKS 2020 Quick Start introduces new users to the basics of using SOLIDWORKS 3D CAD software in five easy lessons. This book is intended for the student or designer who needs to learn SOLIDWORKS quickly and effectively.

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation 2021 takes you through the steps of creating the SOLIDWORKS part for the simulation followed by the setup and calculation of the SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation project. The results from calculations are visualized and compared with theoretical solutions and empirical data. Each chapter starts with the objectives and a description of the specific problems that are studied. End of chapter exercises are included for reinforcement and practice of what has been learned. The fourteen chapters of this book are directed towards first-time to intermediate level users of SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation. It is intended to be a supplement to undergraduate Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer related courses. This book can also be used to show students the capabilities of fluid flow and heat transfer simulations in freshman and sophomore courses such as Introduction to Engineering. Both internal and external flow problems are covered and compared with experimental results and analytical solutions. Covered topics include airfoil flow, boundary layers, flow meters, heat exchanger, natural and forced convection, pipe flow, rotating flow, tube bank flow and valve flow. Covers these feature of SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation 2021: Animations Automatic and Manual Meshing Boundary Conditions Calculation Control Options External and Internal Flow Goals Laminar and Turbulent Flow Physical Features Result Visualizations Two and Three Dimensional Flow Velocity, Thermodynamic and Turbulence Parameters Wall Thermal Conditions Free Surfaces

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Book Synopsis Parametric Modeling with SOLIDWORKS 2021 contains a series of seventeen tutorial style lessons designed to introduce SOLIDWORKS 2021, solid modeling and parametric modeling techniques and concepts. This book introduces SOLIDWORKS 2021 on a step-by-step basis, starting with constructing basic shapes, all the way through to the creation of assembly drawings and motion analysis. This book takes a hands on, exercise intensive approach to all the important parametric modeling techniques and concepts. Each lesson introduces a new set of commands and concepts, building on previous lessons. The lessons guide the user from constructing basic shapes to building intelligent solid models, assemblies and creating multi-view drawings. This book also covers some of the more advanced features of SOLIDWORKS 2021, including how to use the SOLIDWORKS Design Library, basic motion analysis, collision detection and analysis with SimulationXpress. The exercises in this book cover the performance tasks that are included on the Certified SOLIDWORKS Associate (CSWA) Examination. Reference guides located at the front of the book and in each chapter show where these performance tasks are covered. This book also introduces you to the general principles of 3D printing including a brief history of 3D printing, the types of 3D printing technologies, commonly used filaments, and the basic procedure for printing a 3D model. 3D printing makes it easier than ever for anyone to start turning their designs into physical objects and by the end of this book you will be ready to start printing out your own designs.

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Book SynopsisSOLIDWORKS 2021 Basic Tools is the first book in a three part series. It introduces new users to the SOLIDWORKS interface, SOLIDWORKS tools and basic modeling techniques. It provides you with a strong understanding of SOLIDWORKS and covers the creation of parts, assemblies and drawings. Every lesson and exercise in this book was created based on real world projects. Each of these projects has been broken down and developed into easy and comprehensible steps. Furthermore, at the end of every chapter there are self-test questionnaires to ensure that you have gained sufficient knowledge from each section before moving on to more advanced lessons. This book takes the approach that in order to understand SOLIDWORKS, inside and out, you should create everything from the beginning and take it step by step.

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Book SynopsisAutodesk Inventor 2022 and Engineering Graphics: An Integrated Approach will teach you the principles of engineering graphics while instructing you on how to use the powerful 3D modeling capabilities of Autodesk Inventor 2022.

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Book SynopsisIt is an exercise-based book that guides you through a series of easy to understand, step-by-step tutorials that cover basic SOLIDWORKS commands. The 2022 edition includes updated SOLIDWORKS processes and methods to create models more efficiently than ever before.

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Book SynopsisMeet the creative minds shaping our world in Chief Design Officers At Work, the captivating new addition to the acclaimed At Work series from Apress. Explore the realm of design management, unveiling unique perspectives, strategies, and innovative approaches to building businesses with design in mind. Through a collection of insightful interviews, gain an illuminating glimpse into the daily lives, challenges, and triumphs of prominent design executives from various industries, spanning zero-to-one products to established brands. Each of these design experts have played a pivotal role in shaping design-driven approaches, leading to groundbreaking industry evolutions and market disruption. The remarkable stories and insights from these visionaries reveal how design-led thinking can be a powerful catalyst for driving bottom line success. From building user-centric products to creating cohesive brand experiences, these design leaders demonstrate the transformative impact design can have on business outcomes. Readers who are design practitioners, launching their own startup, revitalizing an existing product, or established executives will find invaluable lessons and inspiration within these pages. What You Will LearnHow design leaders navigate complex business landscapes to craft compelling user experiences and brand strategiesValuable insights and practical advice that can elevate their own practiceHow to make a lasting impact in your industry as a designerWho This Book is ForWhether you're a seasoned executive seeking fresh inspiration or an aspiring design practitioner eager to glean wisdom from the best in the field, Chief Design Officers at Work is an indispensable guide for anyone in the design field.

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