Cognitivism, cognitive theory Books

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Book SynopsisPhenomenology of Perception: Theories and Experimental Evidence reconstructs and reviews the phenomenological research of the Brentano School, Edgar Rubin, David Katz, Albert Michotte and Gestalt psychology. Phenomenology is commonly considered a philosophy of subjective experience, but this book presents it instead as a set of commitments for philosophy and science to discover the immanent grammar underlying the objective meaning of perception. Pioneering experimental results on the qualitative and quantitative structures of the perceptual world are collected to show that, contrary to the received assumption, phenomenology can be embedded in standard science. This book will therefore be of interest not only to phenomenologists but also to anyone concerned with epistemological and empirical issues in contemporary psychology and the cognitive sciences.Table of ContentsIntroduction 1. The Nature and Science of Perception 1.1 Perceptual Properties: Sensory Effects and the Representational Structure of Perception 1.2 Sensory Aggregates and the Projection of Knowledge 1.3 Normal Conditions and Experimental Observation 1.4 Perceptual Properties at Face Value: the Phenomenal Basis of Science 1.5 Appearances, Meaning and Relations 1.6 Observing Phenomena “from the Outside”: Series and Order of Appearances 2. Phenomenology in Philosophy and Science of Perception 2.1 The Empirical Grammar of Perception in Brentano 2.1.1 The Elements of Phenomena 2.2 The Neutral Science of Appearances in Stumpf 2.2.1 The Immanent Structural Laws of Appearances 2.3 Husserl and the Form of the Theories of Perception 2.4 Phenomenal Reality and Psychology of Perception in Metzger 2.5 Koffka on the Phenomenological Questions of Perception Science 2.6 Experience, Science and Philosophy in Köhler 3. The Variety of the Phenomenology of Perception 3.1 Meinong on Color Manifold 3.2 At the Borders of Conceptual and Experimental Issues: Brentano and Rubin 3.2.1 The Phenomenal Array of Experience: Boundaries and Continua in Brentano 3.2.2 Meaning in the Perceptual Field: Figure–Ground and Contour in Rubin 3.3 Katz: The Phenomenological Method and Color and Touch Modes of Appearances 3.4 Phenomenological Questions and Evidence 3.4.1 Wertheimer: the Perception of Movement and the “Natural” Organization 3.4.2 Goldmeier: the Phenomenal Content of Similarity and the Structure of Visual Objects 3.5 Experimental Phenomenology 3.5.1 Kanizsa: the Independence of Perception and the Autonomy of Vision Science 3.5.2 Bozzi: the Epistemological Foundation of Experimental Phenomenology 4. Physics and Geometry of Stimuli and Phenomenology. 4.1 The Stimulus Error. Unobservable Posits and the Variety of Data 4.1.1 Phenomenal Structures and Comparative Judgements 4.2 Perceptual and Geometrical Properties of Visual Figures 4.3 The Variety of Stimulus Errors 4.4 The Concomitant Variation of Stimuli and the Phenomenal Structures in Michotte 4.4.1 Phenomenal Mechanical Properties: Perception of Causality 4.5 Velocity and Time in the Perception of Movement 4.6 Perceptual Forms of Movement and Naive Physics 4.7 The Logic of Experimental Phenomenology 5. Phenomenal Structures of Space 5.1 The Phenomenal Space Continuum 5.2 The Self as Spatial Part: Meaning and Relations in Space 5.3 Forms of Visual Space 5.4 The Ordered Manifold of Depth 5.5 The Kinematics of Visual Things in Space 5.6 The Intrinsic Geometry of Phenomena 5.6.1 The Elements of the Geometry of Phenomena 5.7 The Coordinate Systems of Movements and Spatial Appearances 5.8 A Model of Perceptual Geometry 6. Phenomenal Structures of Time 6.1 Temporal Displacement and the Nature of Temporal Intervals 6.2 The Qualitative Order of Time 6.3 Temporal Grouping 6.4 The Structure of Phenomenal Permanence 7. Criticisms and Appraisal 7.1 The Phenomenological Meaning of Normal Illumination 7.2 Meta-theory and Empirical Science 7.3 Perceiving the Difference and the Phenomenal Basis of Judgements 7.3.1 Absolute Properties of Appearances 7.4 Phenomenological Commitments Conclusions Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisEl gerundio no perifrástico es una forma verbal mal comprendida: unos abusan de ella, otros la rehuyen. Lo cierto es que la bibliografía existente -esencialmente normativa- se empeña infructuosamente en clasificar los distintos tipos de gerundios en unas taxonomías semántico-sintácticas bien delimitadas, pasando por alto la especificidad discursiva de la forma. La comunicación humana es una combinación de lo dicho y lo inferido. De ahí que toda expresión lingüística sea un compromiso entre decir demasiado y no decir lo suficiente. El análisis presentado en este libro describe en detalle cómo la construcción gerundiva combina dos funciones: por un lado, deja implícita cierta información relacional, por otro, especifica elementos de información ya presentes en la oración matriz o inferibles de ella. Dicha ambivalencia discursiva -exceso versus déficit de información- confiere a la construcción gerundiva un lugar particular en el sistema sintáctico del español.Table of ContentsAbreviaturas Preliminares Capítulo 1. Enfoque cognoscitivo-funcional Capítulo 2. Aspectos metodológicos Capítulo 3. Hacia un análisis unificador del gerundio: descripción formal y semántica de la construcción gerundiva y de su oración matriz Capítulo 4. Imperfectividad, anaforicidad y punto de vista Capítulo 5. Infradeterminación en varios niveles Capítulo 6. La construcción gerundiva responde a la pregunta ¿cómo? Capítulo 7. Construcción gerundiva vs. estructuras parcialmente equivalentes: una cuestión de imaginería Conclusiones generales Bibliografía Índice de nombres

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Book SynopsisAS SEEN ON ARMCHAIR EXPERT WITH DAX SHEPARD AND IN THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, NEW YORK TIMES AND THE TIMES**A COSMOPOLITAN BEST NEW NON-FICTION BOOK TO ADD TO YOUR TBR IN 2023****A NEXT BIG IDEA CLUB MUST-READ**Rediscover your ability to pay attention with this groundbreaking new approach from the definitive expert on distraction and multitasking' (Cal Newport).We spend an average of just 47 seconds on any screen before shifting our attention. It takes 25 minutes to bring our attention back to a task after an interruption. And we interrupt ourselves more than we''re interrupted by others.In Attention Span, psychologist Gloria Mark reveals these and more surprising results from her decades of research into how technology affects our attention. She shows how much of what we think we know is wrong, including insights such as: Why multitasking hurts rather than helps productivity How social media and modern entertainment amplify our short attention spans What drains our mental resources and Trade Review‘Solutions to the mania of modern life’ The Times ‘In focusing on practical strategies rather than silver-bullet or short-term solutions like “digital detoxes”, Attention Span is a valuable guide to how to balance work and well-being in a world increasingly dependent on tech.’ New Scientist ‘In Attention Span, Mark makes the case for a new, evidence-based approach to attention, one that works with our tech-riddled modern world and tendencies towards distraction, instead of trying to squeeze the genie back in the bottle.’ Guardian ‘Gloria Mark is the definitive expert on distraction and multitasking in our increasingly digital world. Her book is a must-read for anyone concerned about our diminishing attention span’ Cal Newport, New York Times bestselling author of A World Without Email and Deep Work ‘This book covers decades of Gloria Mark’s fascinating research journey into how the rise of computing has affected our personal lives: how we are overstressed, we multitask too much, we are constantly interrupted even by ourselves, and our attention spans have declined to an astonishing 47 seconds. If you are interested in your well-being and how to gain agency in this digital age then you need to read this book.’ Susan David, bestselling author of Emotional Agility ‘Gloria Mark's book is a thorough review of the impact interruptions have on our lives and mental health. Some interruptions are welcomed, deliberately self-created. Most, however, are not. All interruptions impact the focus of attention, and attention is a critically limiting aspect of human cognition. Don't be distracted by my review – go read the book. It is an important and valuable contribution to living in this world of interruptions.’ Don Norman, author of The Design of Everyday Things

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