Cognitive studies Books

Book SynopsisChiara Cappelletto recasts the relationship between neuroscience and aesthetics and calls for shifting the focus of inquiry from the brain itself to personal experience in the world. Embodying Art offers a strikingly original and profound philosophical account of the human brain as a living artifact.Trade ReviewCappelletto’s Embodying Art marks a new beginning. Skeptics of brain-oriented approaches to art and aesthetics will delight in her trenchant criticisms, even as friends will welcome what is in fact a sympathetic, deeply informed, and highly informative embrace of the emerging field. But whatever side you are on, you will be impressed by her demonstration that neuroaesthetics has become a new arena in which not only scientists of the brain, but also philosophers, art historians, and artists themselves, are reimagining, indeed, remaking what it is to be human. This is a book for anyone interested in why the study of the brain now occupies such a central place in our cultural life. -- Alva Noë, author of Strange Tools: Art and Human NatureChiara Cappelletto is celebrated for writing the first book on neuroaesthetics to come out of Italy, but what we really should be noticing is her powerful ability to dispense with cultural conventions about aesthetics to perform what is among the most careful sifting and analysis of the literatures, including the persistent literature on the mind-body divide, that have informed the disparate threads of this relatively new field, without forcing them into unitary interdisciplinarity. Cappelletto combines an insistence on the field's early and uneven development with measured skepticism about the discipline’s love of its own metaphors and cultures—what she refers to as the 'intractable problem' of neuroesthetics' 'fictional experimental setting' and its narrow thematization of the embodied mind, bringing us to recognize the value of analyzing lived encounters with art in its historical contexts. If you are looking to stay with the trouble of neuroaesthetics without losing sight of the cultural conventions that produce both art and the brain itself, this is the book to stay with. -- Lisa Cartwright, author of Screening the Body: Tracing Medicine’s Visual CultureTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsNeuroaesthetics Reloaded1. 1994: Putting Neuroaesthetics on the Map2. Neuroaesthetics: Cerebral Attributes and Bodily Ghosts3. Neuroarthistory: On Emotions, Matter, and Time4. Neuroartcriticism: From the Artist’s Lesions to the Artwork and Vice Versa5. The Brain’s Iconoclash6. Brains on StageNotesBibliographyAppendix: Artworks on the BrainIndex

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Book SynopsisChiara Cappelletto recasts the relationship between neuroscience and aesthetics and calls for shifting the focus of inquiry from the brain itself to personal experience in the world. Embodying Art offers a strikingly original and profound philosophical account of the human brain as a living artifact.Trade ReviewCappelletto’s Embodying Art marks a new beginning. Skeptics of brain-oriented approaches to art and aesthetics will delight in her trenchant criticisms, even as friends will welcome what is in fact a sympathetic, deeply informed, and highly informative embrace of the emerging field. But whatever side you are on, you will be impressed by her demonstration that neuroaesthetics has become a new arena in which not only scientists of the brain, but also philosophers, art historians, and artists themselves, are reimagining, indeed, remaking what it is to be human. This is a book for anyone interested in why the study of the brain now occupies such a central place in our cultural life. -- Alva Noë, author of Strange Tools: Art and Human NatureChiara Cappelletto is celebrated for writing the first book on neuroaesthetics to come out of Italy, but what we really should be noticing is her powerful ability to dispense with cultural conventions about aesthetics to perform what is among the most careful sifting and analysis of the literatures, including the persistent literature on the mind-body divide, that have informed the disparate threads of this relatively new field, without forcing them into unitary interdisciplinarity. Cappelletto combines an insistence on the field's early and uneven development with measured skepticism about the discipline’s love of its own metaphors and cultures—what she refers to as the 'intractable problem' of neuroesthetics' 'fictional experimental setting' and its narrow thematization of the embodied mind, bringing us to recognize the value of analyzing lived encounters with art in its historical contexts. If you are looking to stay with the trouble of neuroaesthetics without losing sight of the cultural conventions that produce both art and the brain itself, this is the book to stay with. -- Lisa Cartwright, author of Screening the Body: Tracing Medicine’s Visual CultureTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsNeuroaesthetics Reloaded1. 1994: Putting Neuroaesthetics on the Map2. Neuroaesthetics: Cerebral Attributes and Bodily Ghosts3. Neuroarthistory: On Emotions, Matter, and Time4. Neuroartcriticism: From the Artist’s Lesions to the Artwork and Vice Versa5. The Brain’s Iconoclash6. Brains on StageNotesBibliographyAppendix: Artworks on the BrainIndex

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Book SynopsisThe human brain evolved to prioritize short-term rewards over long-term goals. But while this adaptation served our ancestors well, it is maladaptive in the face of a slow-moving climate crisis. Luckily, brains can adjust. Ann-Christine Duhaime explores how we can reframe what we find rewarding to counteract climate change.Trade ReviewA fascinating book. Dr. Duhaime reveals that the vexed nature of the human brain complicates our response to our greatest crisis. By linking neuroscience and environmental studies, this book offers key insight into how we might leverage our brains to fight climate change. -- Bill McKibben, author of Falter and The End of NatureA unique look at how to meaningfully address catastrophic climate change…Duhaime’s original angle sets her work apart from the pack, and she easily translates complex neurology for nonspecialists. Climate-minded readers will find this full of insight. * Publishers Weekly *Duhaime covers many issues in a thoughtful way, including the gap between people’s stated intentions to perform pro-environmental behaviors and whether they actually do so; the limits of survey-based research about attitudes, beliefs, and behavior versus seldom-done field studies; and all the ways in which reward is pertinent for behavioral change. She succeeds in suggesting that neuroscience is indirectly relevant to understanding our current climate predicament. -- Adam R. Aron * Science *Surprising…Using insights provided by research at the intersection of neuroscience, environmental sciences and a number of other fields, Minding the Climate invites us to think about what a ‘sustainable brain’ might look like and how to achieve it. * New Books Network *Minding the Climate is a groundbreaking work on how we might leverage our brains to fight climate change. -- Sudhirendar Sharma * The Hindu *Original, thoughtful, and inspiring. Dr. Duhaime explains how our brains seek rewards, and if we take the time to understand how and why this affects our behavior, we will be able to live healthier lives—for ourselves and for our environment. -- Peter Sterling, author of What Is Health?Minding the Climate provides key insights on how the physiology of the human brain shapes our capacity to address the existential threat of climate change. This work is essential if we are to have any hope of surviving as a species and preserving a habitable planet for future generations. -- Brad Campbell, President, Conservation Law FoundationFor decades climate science has been ignored, undermined, and denounced. Dr. Duhaime takes us deep into the brain to understand why we fail to do what is in our and the planet’s best interest. This is an important book. -- Rachel Kyte, Dean, Fletcher School, Tufts UniversityWhile our brains are motivated by short-term incentives and immediate satisfaction loops, we can change the ways we think about the threat of global warming and, consequently, spark our collective sense of urgency and action. Minding the Climate presents a groundbreaking look at how to do that. -- John Judge, President and CEO, Trustees of Reservations, and author of The Outdoor CitizenA beautifully written look into why changing behavior in response to the climate crisis is so challenging. Like the great neurosurgeon she is, Dr. Duhaime methodically and carefully unpacks the fascinating evolutionary roots of human decision-making, why that decision-making so often falters in the face of modern threats, and how to use that understanding to guide future action. Highly recommended! -- Howard Frumkin, Senior Vice President, Trust for Public Land

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Book SynopsisMen and women became experts at influencing one another to achieve their cooperative ends, but also became trapped in strategies of manipulation and deception in pursuit of sex and partnership. Drawing on biology, sociology, anthropology, and economics, this book shows that conflict between the sexes is, paradoxically, the product of cooperation.Trade ReviewOne of Financial Times (FT.com) Best Economics Books of 2013 "[A] witty, informative and cogent new book."--Jonathan Ree, Guardian "Seabright zooms out and across history in an accessible mix of scholarly prose and chatty anecdote to explain why inequalities and disagreements persist beyond potty-training... Turning to today, Seabright investigates everything from the effects of technology on gender-bias, to the various benefits of tallness, talent, and charm in the workplace."--PublishersWeekly.com "Throughout the book, Seabright is terrific company--entertaining and convincing."--John Whitfield, Nature "Right off the bat, I can say that this book should not be collecting dust on your shelf... [I]s War of the Sexes a challenging and interesting read? Undoubtedly so."--Sander Van Der Linden, LSE Politics and Policy blog "The War of the Sexes is a fascinating read. I love its interdisciplinarity."--Diane Coyle, The Enlightened Economist "Seabright, an economist familiar with evolutionary modelling, synthesises several disciplines in asking what our evolutionary heritage teaches us about men's and women's rights and roles in the modern labour market. Judicious in bringing Darwinism to bear on contemporary mores, he avoids the vulgar reductionism that often plagues this kind of popular science."--Camilla Power, Times Higher Education "Seabright is unusual among economists in being a thoroughgoing Darwinian, and in this fascinating book he takes an evolutionary perspective to explore why there are still inequalities in economic power between men and women."--Jon Wainwright, SkepticTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Part One Prehistory Chapter 1: Introduction 3 Chapter 2: Sex and Salesmanship 27 Chapter 3: Seduction and the Emotions 40 Chapter 4: Social Primates 60 Part Two Today Chapter 5: Testing for Talent 93 Chapter 6: What Do Women Want? 111 Chapter 7: Coalitions of the Willing 126 Chapter 8: The Scarcity of Charm 141 Chapter 9: The Tender War 157 Notes 183 References 211 Index 233

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Book SynopsisAs countless love songs, movies, and self-help books attest, men and women have long sought different things. The result? Seemingly inevitable conflict. Drawing on biology, sociology, anthropology, and economics, this title shows that conflict between the sexes is, paradoxically, the product of cooperation.Trade ReviewOne of Financial Times (FT.com) Best Economics Books of 2013 "[A] witty, informative and cogent new book."--Jonathan Ree, Guardian "Seabright zooms out and across history in an accessible mix of scholarly prose and chatty anecdote to explain why inequalities and disagreements persist beyond potty-training... Turning to today, Seabright investigates everything from the effects of technology on gender-bias, to the various benefits of tallness, talent, and charm in the workplace."--PublishersWeekly.com "Throughout the book, Seabright is terrific company--entertaining and convincing."--John Whitfield, Nature "Right off the bat, I can say that this book should not be collecting dust on your shelf... [I]s War of the Sexes a challenging and interesting read? Undoubtedly so."--Sander Van Der Linden, LSE Politics and Policy blog "The War of the Sexes is a fascinating read. I love its interdisciplinarity."--Diane Coyle, The Enlightened Economist "Seabright, an economist familiar with evolutionary modelling, synthesises several disciplines in asking what our evolutionary heritage teaches us about men's and women's rights and roles in the modern labour market. Judicious in bringing Darwinism to bear on contemporary mores, he avoids the vulgar reductionism that often plagues this kind of popular science."--Camilla Power, Times Higher Education "Seabright is unusual among economists in being a thoroughgoing Darwinian, and in this fascinating book he takes an evolutionary perspective to explore why there are still inequalities in economic power between men and women."--Jon Wainwright, SkepticTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Part One Prehistory Chapter 1: Introduction 3 Chapter 2: Sex and Salesmanship 27 Chapter 3: Seduction and the Emotions 40 Chapter 4: Social Primates 60 Part Two Today Chapter 5: Testing for Talent 93 Chapter 6: What Do Women Want? 111 Chapter 7: Coalitions of the Willing 126 Chapter 8: The Scarcity of Charm 141 Chapter 9: The Tender War 157 Notes 183 References 211 Index 233

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Book SynopsisThe human propensity to take an ethical stance toward oneself and others is found in every known society, yet we also know that values taken for granted in one society can contradict those in another. Does ethical life arise from human nature itself? Is it a universal human trait? Or is it a product of one's cultural and historical context? Webb KeTrade Review"A book that masterfully interweaves insights from philosophy and the natural and social sciences."--Max Hayward, Times Literary Supplement "This far-reaching discussion of ethical life and moral systems by anthropologist Keane aspires to combine the traditions of what he calls 'natural history' with those of 'social history'... This rich and original study will certainly fascinate anyone with an intellectual interest in morality and ethics."--Choice "Ethical Life is an extraordinary book. It is broad in its scope, careful and reflective in its elaboration of a theoretical vocabulary, it deals with basic issues for the humanities and the social sciences and manages to produce genuine and thought-provoking new insights."--Ethical Theory and Moral Practice "An extraordinary achievement that deserves a wide readership way beyond anthropology. In short, Keane has given social scientists a theoretically informed way in which to approach ethics as an empirical phenomenon and he has provided scholars usually working within moral philosophy new challenges with his invitation to think of ethics as socially engrained--all the way down."--Klaus Hoeyer, Ethical Theory and Moral PracticeTable of ContentsAcknowledgments xi Part One Natures Introduction Ethical Affordances, Awareness, and Actions 3 Some Questions about Ethical Life 6 Defining Ethics and Morality 16 Awareness and Reflexivity 21 Ethical Affordances 27 Overview of the Book 32 Chapter 1 Psychologies of Ethics 39 Seeking Ethical Foundations 39 How Psychologists Define Ethics and Morality 40 Empathy and Altruism 46 Self and Other 48 Mind Reading 51 Psychology's Challenge to Ethical Awareness 54 Moral Emotions and Normative Judgments 58 Third-Person Perspective 63 Making Things Explicit 67 Ethical Affordances in Psychology 70 Part Two Interactions Chapter 2 Selves and Others 77 Giving Accounts 77 Intersubjectivity 79 Intention-Seeking 83 Conversational Inferences 86 Shared Reality 88 Regard for One Another 93 A Semiotics of Character 96 Ethical Vulnerability 99 Chapter 3 Problematizing Interaction 110 Dignity and Respect 110 Variations on Intersubjectivity 117 Underdetermined Emotions, Specific Concepts 122 The Opacity of Other Minds 124 Interiority 126 One's Own Thoughts 128 Local Themes, Affordances Everywhere 130 Chapter 4 Ethical Types 133 Moral Breakdown? 133 Self-Awareness and Other People 136 Standing before the Law 140 The Inner Clash of Ethical Voices 143 Dysfluency and Ethical Conflict 146 Disciplining the Clash of Voices 148 Typifying Character Explicitly 151 Ethical Figures and Types 153 Defining the Situation 156 Interaction as Affordance 160 Part Three Histories Chapter 5 Awareness and Change 167 Shifting Stances 167 Ethical Progress? 172 The Social Production of Ethical Problems 180 Abolitionism 184 Consciousness-Raising 187 From Personal Experiences to Analytical Categories 190 Reconstructing Ethical Feelings 194 Chapter 6 Making Morality in Religion 199 Ethical Life and Morality Systems 199 Historical Objects 201 Taking Ethics in Hand 203 Ethics as Piety 206 Habitual Ethics 207 The God's-Eye Point of View 208 Entextualization and Sacred Truth 211 Abstraction and Struggle 214 Chapter 7 Making Morality in Political Revolution 216 The Ethical Attack on Religion 216 Ethical Sources of Vietnamese Revolutionary Thought 218 Everyday Ethics, Everyday Oppression 221 Revolutionary Ethics 223 Reforming Social Interaction 228 The Various Fates of Ethical Revolution 233 History's Affordances 237 Conclusion 241 Affordances, Awareness, Agency 241 Human Rights 248 Humanitarianism 256 First-, Second-, and Third-Person Positions 259 Bibliography 263 Index 281

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"As he explores why humans evolved to be so habit-driven, Poldrack considers dopamine, which is crucial in forming habits for its impacts on brain plasticity; questions the efficacy of mindfulness (now a 'billion-dollar industry'); and covers the formation of addictions, which he calls 'habits gone bad.' Poldrack's study is strongest when he describes experiments on interrupting habit formation on a cellular level, which can potentially help one shed such undesirable behaviors as smoking and overeating. . . . This is a worthy intellectual adventure, one that’s well articulated for readers looking for rigorous study." * Publishers Weekly *

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Book SynopsisA fundamentally new approach to the history of science and technologyThis book presents a new way of thinking about the history of science and technology, one that offers a grand narrative of human history in which knowledge serves as a critical factor of cultural evolution. Jurgen Renn examines the role of knowledge in global transformations gTrade Review"[Renn’s] new tour de force, The Evolution of Knowledge, addresses all those concerned with science’s fate. . . . In the 1930s, at a moment of existential crisis comparable to today’s, [Edmund] Husserl likewise sought to reorient science around shared human experiences and common human needs. Yet Husserl, a notoriously opaque writer, had little hope of communicating his message to the scientific community. With this lucid and accessible book, Renn stands a far greater chance of success."---Deborah R. Coen, Science"This is an important book and one that powerfully advances our understanding of how knowledge operates in society while directly engaging with pressing contemporary issues."---Geoffrey Cantor, Times Higher Education"A global history of knowledge is a breathtakingly ambitious project. . . . Renn faces down the difficulties of crafting such an account with skill and resolve. The result is provocative and challenging."---Joseph D. Martin, Physics Today"In The Evolution of Knowledge, both academics and nonacademics concerned with the state of our planet will find a lot to think with and elaborate on. This erudite, rich, and important book indeed opens conversations rather than closing them."---Raf De Bont, Isis"This book should be required reading for all who consider themselves students of the history of knowledge."---Alfred Freeborn, History of Human Sciences"An inspiring survey of the products of Renn's long career."---Jeremy Trevelyan Burman, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences

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Book SynopsisIn recent decades cognitive science has revolutionised our understanding of the workings of the human mind. Philosophy has made a major contribution to cognitive science and has itself been hugely influenced by its development.Trade Review"Mark Cain has written a beautifully lucid, thoughtful and authoritative introduction to central issues in the philosophy of cognitive science: highly recommended to students and all others who want to learn about this area." Tim Crane, Knightbridge Professor of Philosophy, University of CambridgeTable of Contents Table of Contents Chapter One: Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Cognitive Science Chapter Two: Representation and Computation Chapter Three: Modularity Chapter Four: Concepts Chapter Five: Language Chapter Six: The Brain and Cognition Conclusion References Notes

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Human Programming is an imaginative and incisive account of how US culture—across decades, mediums, and institutions—has given form to dystopian fears of mind control as a way of buttressing a sense of the American self that is even more outlandish in its pretenses to autonomy. From Cold War politics to posthuman technologies, Selisker reconsiders who we think we are by looking closely at the forces that have told us what to do."—Mark Goble, University of California, Berkeley"Lucid and compellingly conceived, Human Programming contributes much to the growing body of scholarship on postwar American anxieties about human agency and social influence."—Timothy Melley, Miami University"The American rhetoric around brainwashing, Selisker shows, is inconsistent at the most basic level: it takes for granted that the programmed self is inauthentic, and that the real self is spontaneous and unlearned."—Los Angeles Review of Books"Scott Selisker offers readers a fascinating new history of American anxieties along the borderland between the machine and the human mind."—New Books Network"The scope of the book is impressive, and the author’s fusion of media forms and disciplinary approaches is creative and adept."—CHOICE"Selisker’s history of the human automaton is far reaching and firmly grounded in evidence. His work provides a meaningful contribution to the interactions between culture and political thought, and his research will be of interest to academics with a variety of different research interests. This book has expertly answered the ‘what’; ‘how’; ‘when’ and ‘where’ of human automaton, and has made strong inroads into the ‘why.’"—British Society for Literature and ScienceTable of ContentsContents Acknowledgments Introduction: Enemies of Freedom 1. Uniquely American Symptoms: Cold War Brainwashing and American Exceptionalism 2. Anti-institutional Automatons: New Left Reappropriations of Automatism 3. Human Programming: Computation, Emotion, and the Posthuman Other 4. Cult Programming: Extremism, Narrative, and the Social Science of Cults 5. Fundamentalist Automatons: Representing Terrorist Consciousness in the War on Terror Conclusion: Automatism and Agency Notes Index

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Book SynopsisA Companion to Cognitive Anthropology offers a comprehensive overview of the development of cognitive anthropology from its inception to the present day and explores recent findings in the areas of theory, methodology, and field research in twenty-nine key essays by leading scholars. The book explains how cultural (or collective) vs.Table of ContentsNotes on Contributors viii Acknowledgments xvi Introduction 1 Part I History of Cognitive Anthropology; Nature and Types of Cultural Knowledge Structures 9 1 A History of Cognitive Anthropology 11 B. G. Blount 2 The History of the Cultural Models School Reconsidered: A Paradigm Shift in Cognitive Anthropology 30 Naomi Quinn 3 The Cognitive Context of Cognitive Anthropology 47 Jürg Wassmann, Christian Kluge, and Dominik Albrecht 4 The Limits of the Habitual: Shifting Paradigms for Language and Thought 61 Janet Dixon Keller 5 Types of Collective Representations: Cognition, Mental Architecture, and Cultural Knowledge 82 Giovanni Bennardo and David B. Kronenfeld 6 Personal Knowledge and Collective Representations 102 John B. Gatewood Part II Methodologies 115 7 How to Collect Data that Warrant Analysis 117 W. Penn Handwerker 8 Data, Method, and Interpretation in Cognitive Anthropology 131 James Boster 9 Multi-Item Scales and Cognitive Ethnography 153 Kateryna Maltseva and Roy D’Andrade 10 Consensus Analysis 171 Stephen P. Borgatti and Daniel S. Halgin 11 Narrative, Mind, and Culture 191 Benjamin N. Colby 12 Simulation (and Modeling) 210 Michael Fischer and David B. Kronenfeld Part III Cognitive Structures of Cultural Domains 227 13 Mathematical Representation of Cultural Constructs 229 Dwight Read 14 Kinship Theory and Cognitive Theory in Anthropology 254 F. K. L. Chit Hlaing (F. K. Lehman) 15 Numerical Cognition and Ethnomathematics 270 Andrea Bender and Sieghard Beller 16 “Indigenous Knowledge” and the Understanding of Cultural Cognition: The Contribution of Studies of Environmental Knowledge Systems 290 Roy Ellen 17 Emotions, Motivation, and Behavior in Cognitive Anthropology 314 E. N. Anderson 18 Social Networks, Cognition, and Culture 331 Douglas R. White Part IV Cognitive Anthropology and Other Disciplines 355 19 Culture and Cognition: The Role of Cognitive Anthropology in Anthropology and the Cognitive Sciences 357 Norbert Ross and Douglas L. Medin 20 Cultural Models, Power, and Hegemony 376 Halvard Vike 21 Cognitive Anthropology through a Gendered Lens 393 Carol C. Mukhopadhyay 22 Sociality in Cognitive and Sociocultural Anthropologies: The Relationships Aren’t Just Additive 413 Lynn Thomas 23 Cognitive Anthropology and Education: Foundational Models of Self and Cultural Models of Teaching and Learning in Japan and the United States 430 Hidetada Shimizu 24 Archaeological Approaches to Cognitive Evolution 450 Miriam Noël Haidle Part V Some Examples of Contemporary Research 469 25 The Distributed Cognition Model of Mind 471 Brian Hazlehurst 26 A Foundational Cultural Model in Polynesia: Monarchy, Democracy, and the Architecture of the Mind 489 Giovanni Bennardo 27 Cognitive Approaches to the Study of Romantic Love: Semantic, Cross-Cultural, and as a Process 513 Victor C. de Munck 28 Trouble as Part of Everyday Life: Cognitive and Sociocultural Processes in Avoiding and Responding to Illness 531 Linda C. Garro 29 Using Consensus Analysis to Investigate Cultural Models of Alzheimer’s Disease 548 Robert W. Schrauf and Madelyn Iris Afterword: One Cognitive View of Culture 569 David B. Kronenfeld Index 584

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Book SynopsisExamines the parallels between certain features of literary experience and functions of the brain. For the neuroscientific community, this book suggests that different areas of research - the neurobiology of vision and reading, the brain-body interactions underlying emotions - may be connected to a variety of aesthetic and literary phenomena.Trade ReviewArmstrong's book is a testament to the value of the arts and the humanities since their processes and productions generate ideas that are literally the physical (neurobiological) stuff of which we are made. -- Gregory F. Tague ASEBL Journal How Literature Plays with the Brain: The Neuroscience of Reading and Art is a highly informative and carefully argued book. We recommend a close reading of it. Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations Armstrong's book is a beautiful example of how humanities scholars can accomplish a conversation across the gap between the 'two cultures' without giving up their disciplinary identity, bringing the larger picture to bear on the more particular research of the cognitive sciences. -- Karin Kukkonen Cambridge Quarterly Armstrong finds his inspiration in recent neuroscience... his overview of mirror neuron theory and the controversies that surround it, for example, outdoes in accuracy and judiciousness any other account I have seen among neuroaesthetics and cognitive literary studies. Modern Fiction Studies At present, when so many universities would gleefully discard the study of the arts in the service of a utilitarian turn in higher education, the evidence that Armstrong provides for their vital cognitive function and the coherence with which he presents that evidence is indeed both welcome and timely. Philosophy and Literature sTable of ContentsPreface1. The Brain and Aesthetic Experience2. How the Brain Learns to Read and the Play of Harmony and Dissonance3. The Neuroscience of the Hermeneutic Circle4. The Temporality of Reading and the Decentered Brain5. The Social Brain and the Paradox of the Alter EgoEpilogueNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the impact of ubiquitous information technology, with discussions about what makes these technologies so addictive, and their effect on emotional well-being, memory, learning, driving, and cognitive reserves. Table of ContentsContributors Acknowledgments Introduction: Defining the Issue and the Structure of This BookPaul Atchley and Sean Lane Chapter 1. A General Framework for Understanding the Impact of Information Technology on Human Experience Paul Atchley, Sean Lane, and Kacie MenniePart I. How Information Technology Influences Behavior and Emotion Chapter 2. Digital Distraction: What Makes the Internet and Smartphone So Addictive?David N. Greenfield Chapter 3. Information Technology and Its Impact on Emotional Well-BeingSteven G. Greening, Kacie Mennie, and Sean LanePart II. How Information Technology Influences Cognition and Performance Chapter 4. Information Technology and LearningKevin Yee Chapter 5. “Say Cheese!”: How Taking and Viewing Photos Can Shape Memory and CognitionLinda A. Henkel, Robert A. Nash, and Justin A. Paton Chapter 6. The Multitasking Motorist and the Attention EconomyDavid L. Strayer, Douglas Getty, Francesco Biondi, and Joel M. CooperPart III. Getting Away and Looking Forward Chapter 7. How Nature Helps Replenish Our Depleted Cognitive Reserves and Improves Mood by Increasing Activation of the Brain’s Default Mode NetworkRachel J. Hopman, Ruth Ann Atchley, Paul Atchley, and David L. Strayer Chapter 8. Charting a Way Forward: Navigating the Attention EconomySean Lane, Paul Atchley, and Kacie Mennie Index About the Editors

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Book SynopsisThis groundbreaking book challenges the disciplinary boundaries that have traditionally separated scientific inquiry from literary inquiry. It explores scientific knowledge in three subject areasthe natural history of aging, literary narrative, and psychoanalysis. In the authors'' view, the different perspectives on cognition afforded by Anglo-American cognitive science, Greimassian semiotics, and Lacanian psychoanalysis help us to redefine our very notion of culture.Part I historically situates the concepts of meaning and truth in twentieth-century semiotic theory and cognitive science. Part II contrasts the modes of Freudian case history to the general instance of Einstein''s relativity theory and then sets forth a rhetoric of narrative based on the discourse of the aged. Part III examines in the context of literary studies an interdisciplinary concept of cultural cognition.Culture and Cognition will be essential reading for literary theorists, historians and

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Book SynopsisA bold philosophical investigation into technology and the limits of the human A daring, original work of philosophical speculation, Neurotechnology and the End of Finitude mounts a sustained investigation into the possibility that human beings may technologically overcome the transcendental limits of possible experience and envisages what such a transition would look like. Focusing on emergent neurotechnologies, which establish a direct channel of communication between brain and machine, Michael Haworth argues that such technologies intervene at the border between interiority and exteriority, offering the promise of immediacy and the possibility of the mind directly affecting the outside world or even other minds. Through detailed, targeted readings of Kant, Freud, Heidegger, Croce, Jung, and Derrida, Haworth explores the effect of this transformation on human creativity and our relationships with others. He pursues these questions across four distinct but interrelated spheres: the act of artistic creation and the potential for a technologically enabled coincidence of idea and object; the possibility of humanity achieving the infinite creativity that Kant attributed only to God; the relationship between the psyche and the external world in Freudian psychoanalysis and Jungian analytical psychology; and the viability and impact of techno-telepathic communication. Addressing readers interested in contemporary continental philosophy and philosophy of technology, media and communications, and science and technology studies, Neurotechnology and the End of Finitude critically envisions a plausible posthuman future.Trade Review"Neurotechnology and the End of Finitude is a highly original and profound scholarly inquiry into the impact of technology on our understanding of art and of communication more generally. Michael Haworth is one of the most talented young researchers working in the humanities today."—Alexander García Düttmann, Universität der Künste, BerlinTable of ContentsContentsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. The Idea Becomes a Machine that Makes the Art2. Intellectual Intuition and Finite Creativity3. Unus Mundus4. Techno-Telepathy and the Otherness of the OtherNotesIndex

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Book SynopsisA new speculative ontology of aesthetics In Aesthesis and Perceptronium, Alexander Wilson presents a theory of materialist and posthumanist aesthetics founded on an original speculative ontology that addresses the interconnections of experience, cognition, organism, and matter. Entering the active fields of contemporary thought known as the new materialisms and realisms, Wilson argues for a rigorous redefining of the criteria that allow us to discriminate between those materials and objects where aesthesis (perception, cognition) takes place and those where it doesn’t. Aesthesis and Perceptronium negotiates between indiscriminately pluralist views that attribute mentation to all things and eliminative views that deny the existence of mentation even in humans. By recasting aesthetic questions within the framework of “epistemaesthetics,” which considers cognition and aesthetics as belonging to a single category that can neither be fully disentangled nor fully reduced to either of its terms, Wilson forges a theory of nonhuman experience that avoids this untenable dilemma. Through a novel consideration of the evolutionary origins of cognition and its extension in technological developments, the investigation culminates in a rigorous reevaluation of the status of matter, information, computation, causality, and time in terms of their logical and causal engagement with the activities of human and nonhuman agents. Trade Review"Aesthesis and Perceptronium offers a nuanced engagement with science, technology, and art that is otherwise largely missing from contemporary debates, exploring the significance of aesthetics in the aftermath of neomaterialist and nonrepresentational theories of perception, cognition, and intelligence."—Luciana Parisi, Goldsmiths, University of London

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Book SynopsisA new speculative ontology of aesthetics In Aesthesis and Perceptronium, Alexander Wilson presents a theory of materialist and posthumanist aesthetics founded on an original speculative ontology that addresses the interconnections of experience, cognition, organism, and matter. Entering the active fields of contemporary thought known as the new materialisms and realisms, Wilson argues for a rigorous redefining of the criteria that allow us to discriminate between those materials and objects where aesthesis (perception, cognition) takes place and those where it doesn’t. Aesthesis and Perceptronium negotiates between indiscriminately pluralist views that attribute mentation to all things and eliminative views that deny the existence of mentation even in humans. By recasting aesthetic questions within the framework of “epistemaesthetics,” which considers cognition and aesthetics as belonging to a single category that can neither be fully disentangled nor fully reduced to either of its terms, Wilson forges a theory of nonhuman experience that avoids this untenable dilemma. Through a novel consideration of the evolutionary origins of cognition and its extension in technological developments, the investigation culminates in a rigorous reevaluation of the status of matter, information, computation, causality, and time in terms of their logical and causal engagement with the activities of human and nonhuman agents. Trade Review"Aesthesis and Perceptronium offers a nuanced engagement with science, technology, and art that is otherwise largely missing from contemporary debates, exploring the significance of aesthetics in the aftermath of neomaterialist and nonrepresentational theories of perception, cognition, and intelligence."—Luciana Parisi, Goldsmiths, University of London

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Book SynopsisEntrepreneurial cognition research is at a crossroads, where static views give way to dynamic approaches. This Handbook draws on a variety of perspectives from experts in the field of entrepreneurial cognition to highlight the key elements in a socially-situated view, where cognition is action-oriented, embodied, socially-situated, and distributed.It provides readers with some of the most up-to-date approaches to entrepreneurial cognition research and is designed to be an invaluable and timesaving companion for entrepreneurial cognition researchers. With insights from leading entrepreneurial cognition researchers the Handbook offers a comprehensive literature review of the field.Readers seeking to better understand and participate in some of the most up-to-date approaches to entrepreneurial cognition research will find this Handbook to be especially helpful in their research. Established scholars who are new to the research area will also be interested in this book. University libraries with research-focused business schools will also benefit from this Handbook.Contributors: R.A. Baron, D.A. Baucus, M.S. Baucus, B. Bird, M. Brännback, M.S. Cardon, A.L. Carsrud, E.T. Chan, J.S. Clarke, A.C. Corbett, J.P. Cornelissen, M. Drnovsek, M-D. Foo, D.P. Forbes, D.A. Grégoire, M. Hayek, J.S. McMullen, J.R. Mitchell, R.K. Mitchell, C.Y. Murnieks, L.E. Palich, B. Randolph-Seng, M.R. Ryan, S.D. Sarasvathy, A. Slavec, W.A. Williams, Jr., M.S. Wood, M.A. ZacharyTable of ContentsContents: Introduction Historical Context, Present Trends and Future Directions in Entrepreneurial Cognition Research Brandon Randolph-Seng, J. Robert Mitchell and Ronald K. Mitchell 1. Thinking About Cognition and its Central Role in Entrepreneurship: Confessions of a “Reformed” Behaviorist Robert A. Baron 2. Linking Achievement Motivation to Intentions, Goals and Entrepreneurial Behaviors Alan L. Carsrud and Malin Brännback 3. Toward a Taxonomy of Entrepreneurs’ Behavior Barbara Bird 4. Entrepreneurial Self-Regulation: Consciousness and Cognition Brandon Randolph-Seng, Wallace A. Williams, Jr. and Mario Hayek 5. Feeling and Thinking: The Role of Affect in Entrepreneurial Cognition Maw-Der Foo, Charles Y. Murnieks and Elsa T. Chan 6. Exploring the Affective and Cognitive Dynamics of Entrepreneurship Across Time and Planes of Influence Denis A. Grégoire 7. Cultural Context, Passion, and Self-Efficacy: Do Entrepreneurs Operate on Different “Planets”? Mateja Drnovšek, Alenka Slavec and Melissa S. Cardon 8. Lessons from the Neural Foundation of Entrepreneurial Cognition: The Case of Emotion and Motivation David A. Baucus, Melissa S. Baucus and Ronald K. Mitchell 9. Entrepreneurial Cognition and Social Cognitive Neuroscience Jeffery S. Mcmullen, Matthew S. Wood and Leslie E. Palich 10. The Infrastructure of Entrepreneurial Learning Daniel P. Forbes 11. How Language Shapes Thought: New Vistas for Entrepreneurship Research Jean S. Clarke and Joep P. Cornelissen 12. Thinking Big from the Start: An Essay on Entrepreneurial Growth Cognitions Andrew C. Corbett 13. Simulating Socially Situated Cognition in Exchange Creation Ronald K. Mitchell, J. Robert Mitchell, Miles A. Zachary and Michael R. Ryan 14. The Whole Deal: Models, Metaphors and Mechanisms in Entrepreneurial Cognition Saras D. Sarasvathy Index

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Book SynopsisWe live in an age saturated with images. Video screens loop multimillion dollar ads while we sit in the back of taxis. Teenagers scavenge through public parks in search of Pokemon. Technology has created for us a new reality; one which we are still struggling to understand. Taking their cue from the work of Charles Johns, who has argued that, far from being an ailment, neurosis is in fact the dominant condition of our society today, an array of thinkers have gathered in The Neurotic Turn to address the question: How can the concept of "neurosis" help us understand this new, digitized world in which we live and our place within it? With essays from Charles Johns, Graham Harman, Benjamin Noys, Patricia Reed, Dany Nobus, John Russon and Katerina Kolozova.

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Book SynopsisCognitive science arose in the 1950s when it became apparent that anumber of disciplines, including psychology, computer science,linguistics, and philosophy, were fragmenting. Perhaps owing to thefield’s immediate origins in cybernetics, as well as to thefoundational assumption that cognition is information processing,cognitive science initially seemed more unified than psychology.However, as a result of differing interpretations of the foundationalassumption and dramatically divergent views of the meaning of the terminformation processing, three separate schools emerged:classical cognitive science, connectionist cognitive science, andembodied cognitive science. Examples, cases, and research findings taken from the wide range ofphenomena studied by cognitive scientists effectively explain andexplore the relationship among the three perspectives. Intended tointroduce both graduate and senior undergraduate students to thefoundations of cognitive science, Mind, Body, World addressesa number of questions currently being asked by those practicing in thefield: What are the core assumptions of the three different schools?What are the relationships between these different sets of coreassumptions? Is there only one cognitive science, or are there manydifferent cognitive sciences? Giving the schools equal treatment anddisplaying a broad and deep understanding of the field, Dawsonhighlights the fundamental tensions and lines of fragmentation thatexist among the schools and provides a refreshing and unifyingframework for students of cognitive science.Table of ContentsList of Figures and Tables | ix Preface | xiii Who Is This Book Written For? | xiv Acknowledgements | xv Chapter 1. The Cognitive Sciences: One or Many? | 1 1.0 Chapter Overview | 1 1.1 A Fragmented Psychology | 2 1.2 A Unified Cognitive Science | 3 1.3 Cognitive Science or the Cognitive Sciences? | 6 1.4 Cognitive Science: Pre-paradigmatic? | 13 1.5 A Plan of Action | 16 Chapter 2. Multiple Levels of Investigation | 19 2.0 Chapter Overview | 19 2.1 Machines and Minds | 20 2.2 From the Laws of Thought to Binary Logic | 23 2.3 From the Formal to the Physical | 29 2.4 Multiple Procedures and Architectures | 32 2.5 Relays and Multiple Realizations | 35 2.6 Multiple Levels of Investigation and Explanation | 38 2.7 Formal Accounts of Input-Output Mappings | 40 2.8 Behaviour by Design and by Artifact | 41 2.9 Algorithms from Artifacts | 43 2.10 Architectures against Homunculi | 46 2.11 Implementing Architectures | 48 2.12 Levelling the Field | 51 Chapter 3. Elements of Classical Cognitive Science | 55 3.0 Chapter Overview | 55 3.1 Mind, Disembodied | 56 3.2 Mechanizing the Infinite | 59 3.3 Phrase Markers and Fractals | 65 3.4 Behaviourism, Language, and Recursion | 68 3.5 Underdetermination and Innateness | 72 3.6 Physical Symbol Systems | 75 3.7 Componentiality, Computability, and Cognition | 78 3.8 The Intentional Stance | 82 3.9 Structure and Process | 85 3.10 A Classical Architecture for Cognition | 89 3.11 Weak Equivalence and the Turing Test | 93 3.12 Towards Strong Equivalence | 97 3.13 The Impenetrable Architecture | 106 3.14 Modularity of Mind | 113 3.15 Reverse Engineering | 119 3.16 What is Classical Cognitive Science? | 122 Chapter 4. Elements of Connectionist Cognitive Science | 125 4.0 Chapter Overview | 125 4.1 Nurture versus Nature | 126 4.2 Associations | 133 4.3 Nonlinear Transformations | 139 4.4 The Connectionist Sandwich | 142 4.5 Connectionist Computations: An Overview | 148 4.6 Beyond the Terminal Meta-postulate | 149 4.7 What Do Output Unit Activities Represent? | 152 4.8 Connectionist Algorithms: An Overview | 158 4.9 Empiricism and Internal Representations | 159 4.10 Chord Classification by a Multilayer Perceptron | 162 4.11 Trigger Features | 172 4.12 A Parallel Distributed Production System | 177 4.13 Of Coarse Codes | 184 4.14 Architectural Connectionism: An Overview | 188 4.15 New Powers of Old Networks | 189 4.16 Connectionist Reorientation | 193 4.17 Perceptrons and Jazz Progressions | 195 4.18 What Is Connectionist Cognitive Science? | 198 Chapter 5. Elements of Embodied Cognitive Science | 205 5.0 Chapter Overview | 205 5.1 Abandoning Methodological Solipsism | 206 5.2 Societal Computing | 210 5.3 Stigmergy and Superorganisms | 212 5.4 Embodiment, Situatedness, and Feedback | 216 5.5 Umwelten, Affordances, and Enactive Perception | 219 5.6 Horizontal Layers of Control | 222 5.7 Mind in Action | 224 5.8 The Extended Mind | 230 5.9 The Roots of Forward Engineering | 235 5.10 Reorientation without Representation | 239 5.11 Robotic Moments in Social Environments | 245 5.12 The Architecture of Mind Reading | 250 5.13 Levels of Embodied Cognitive Science | 255 5.14 What Is Embodied Cognitive Science? | 260 Chapter 6. Classical Music and Cognitive Science | 265 6.0 Chapter Overview | 265 6.1 The Classical Nature of Classical Music | 266 6.2 The Classical Approach to Musical Cognition | 273 6.3 Musical Romanticism and Connectionism | 280 6.4 The Connectionist Approach to Musical Cognition | 286 6.5 The Embodied Nature of Modern Music | 291 6.6 The Embodied Approach to Musical Cognition | 301 6.7 Cognitive Science and Classical Music | 307 Chapter 7. Marks of the Classical? | 315 7.0 Chapter Overview | 315 7.1 Symbols and Situations | 316 7.2 Marks of the Classical | 324 7.3 Centralized versus Decentralized Control | 326 7.4 Serial versus Parallel Processing | 334 7.5 Local versus Distributed Representations | 339 7.6 Internal Representations | 343 7.7 Explicit Rules versus Implicit Knowledge | 345 7.8 The Cognitive Vocabulary | 348 7.9 From Classical Marks to Hybrid Theories | 355 Chapter 8. Seeing and Visualizing | 359 8.0 Chapter Overview | 359 8.1 The Transparency of Visual Processing | 360 8.2 The Poverty of the Stimulus | 362 8.3 Enrichment via Unconscious Inference | 368 8.4 Natural Constraints | 371 8.5 Vision, Cognition, and Visual Cognition | 379 8.6 Indexing Objects in the World | 383

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Book Synopsis​The purpose of the book is to propose and exploit an analytical, critical, well defined theory of a very crucial human social relation that I call “Tutelarity/ Tutelage”. This will thus explain how/why such relation is so relevant at any layer of sociality: from affective relationships, to social cooperation and interactions, to politics and democracy. The approach is theoretical and strongly grounded on cognitive science and the models of human mind: beliefs, desires, expectations, emotions, etc. Written in an accessible way, it will be of interest for a large audience, specifically to researchers and scientists interested in cognitive science and the dynamics of social relationships alike. Table of ContentsSECTION 1 125 pages In the first part of the book (Section 1) we will make clear the notion of “tutelarity” and some of its challenges. For that goal we have to systematically analyze the foundational cognitive and social notions necessary for a well grounded definition and theory of “tutelarity”: Goals, Powers, Dependence, Interests, Goal-Adoption, Trust. Tutelary Relations: definition, grounding and misunderstandings 0. Premise and Introduction 0.1 Premise 0.2 Organization 0.3 Subject 0.4 “Paternalism”? Ch. 1. Tutelary Relations: definition and grounding 1.1 The “gnoseological deficit” 1.2 Goal-Theory and the notion of 'Interests' 1.3 Rationality of Actions contrary to our Interests 1.4 Defining ‘tutelary’ 1.5 Tutelary Faces 1.6 Paradoxical and Insincere/Unintended Tutelage 1.7 Attitude vs. Role and Action 1.8 Paternalism? 1.8.1 A fundamental, beautiful, unavoidable relation Ch. 2 Tutelarity as a Forms of Help Based on Dependency 2.1 ‘Goal- Adoption’: the general theory of doing something for the others 2.1.1 Reasons for Goal-Adoption 2.1.2 Goal-Adhesion 2.1.3 Level of Goal-Adoption beyond Delegation 2.1.4 Tutelary Risks already in Goal-Adoption 2.1.5 Interests Adoption 2.1.6 ‘Over’ and ‘Critical’ Help as Tutelary 2.1.7 Y's side in Tutelary influence 2.2 The Other Side of Goal-Adoption: Y’s Dependence 2.2.1 What is ‘Dependence’ and its relation with tutelarity - From Dependence to Social Power over the other - Subjective dependence 2.2.2 Autonomy: kinds and degrees 2.2.3 Autonomy and Freedom not “from” but “due to” - ‘Power’ and ‘freedom’ 2.2.4 Dialectic view of Dependence 2.2.5 “Rights” as tutelary protection of ‘interests’ 2.3 Goal-Adoption as X’s “Influencing Power” 2.3.1 Functions of “mind-reading” 2.3.2 An Open Issue on Y’s side: Forms of influence and “Free Decision” - Do I Really Have “choice”? - Manipulation Ch. 3 Faces and Minds of Tutelage Relation 3.1 X’s Side and Mind 3.1.1 Tutelarity is not Empathy 3.1.2 X’s reasons for a Tutelary role 3.1.3 Value Foundation of Tutelary relations 3.1.4 Tutor’s motives 3.1.5 Not just motives but functions 3.2 Forms of “Taking care of” A) Protection from yourself B) Protection from the others 3.3. A crucial distinction in Tutelary Role 3.4 Y’s Side and Mind 3.4.1 Non fully understood tutelary influence 3.4.2 From ‘external’ to ‘internal’ goals 3.4.3 “The servant knoweth not what his lord doeth” 3.4.4 Our Goals vs. our Functions: which have priority? - Why are we workers and consumers 3.5 Y’s reasons for subjection and acceptance 3.5.1 Imposed or Spontaneous or Voluntary subjection and compliance 3.5.2 Our need for dependence 3.5.3 Emergent ‘order’ 3.6 The needed and specific trust by Y 3.6.1 Advices 3.6.2 Presupposed Y’s Trust even in/for Tutelary Domination 3.6.3 Y’s Trust and Conflict 3.7 Tutelary Conflicts 3.7.1 Intra-Conflict. Multifaceted Interests of Y 3.7.2 Inter-Conflict 3.8 A hierarchical social relation? 3.8.1 Reverse and Reciprocal tutelarity Ch. 4 The Nature of Power and its Complex Dynamics 4.1. Premise 4.1.1 A Distorted Perception of Power: Power as Domination. 4.1.2 Main issues 4.2 Cognitive and Pragmatic Foundation of Power Construct 4.2.1 A Misliding start point/perspective 4.2.2 A Basic Ontology of Individual Powers 4.2.3 Beyond “Basic” Powers: the Intention and Deliberation Components 4.2.4. From Personal Powers to Social Dependence 4.2.5 Towards Sociality: From Personal Powers to Social Powers 4.2.6 More complex relations Command Power Information Power How Communication is/gives Power 4.3. Power Transfer, Appropriation, Circulation, and Multiplication 4.3.1 Propagation & Accumulation 4.3.2 Co-powers and the multiplication of powers 4.4. The Vicious Circles of Power 4.4.1 Poor people is sick, ignorant, inferior, .... 4.4.2 Basic “mechanisms” 4.4.3 The nice dynamics: “empowering” as an open process 4.5. Different faces of social power 4.5.1 Not aggression only 4.5.2 “La servitude volontaire” 4.5.3 “Spontaneous”? 4.5.4 A more dialectic view 4.6 Power “over” us but not necessarily “against” us 4.6.1 Soft Power 4.6.2 ‘Power over’ us is not necessarily against us. 4.6.3 We “should” rebel 4.6.4 Isn't the communication of power dialogic? 4.6.5 Depowering and Empowering 4.7 Empowerment 4.7.1 Powers that in principle cannot be ‘given’ 4.7.2 Powers that must be ‘given’ Permission & “Rights”: the power of the weak Powers that are mutually ‘given’ 4.8 Powers that make us lose power. Paradoxical and problematic power dynamics 4.9 Leadership 4.9.1 The peculiar impact of Leadership 4.9.2. Advantages of a Leadership relation 4.9.3 Real Leadership and Hegemony 4.10 "Knowledge" as Power and Institution 4.10.1 Barriers in believing 4.10.2 The Power of Deception (Lie), and the Deceptive Nature of Power 4.11 The Greed for Power 4.11.1 Power can be accumulated and stored 4.11.2 Inequality 4.11.3 People empowering the institution (the Leviathan) 4.12 Emergence & Cognition 4.12.1 Power delegation and building as an unaware "function" 4.12.2 "Subjection" & "Alienation" 4.13 Concluding remarks 4.13.1 The “tutelary” power Ch. 5 Misleading or Ideological Perspectives 5.1. A misleading tradition: “Tutelary” = “Paternalistic” 5.1.1 True “Paternalism” as a manipolatory and selfish pseudo-tutorial attitude “Manipulation” Intrinsic Hypocrisy and Deception 5.1.2 Ideological background of using “Paternalism” Individualistc and liberistic ideology A remark of Alexis Tocqueville 5.1.3 “Against his will” “Without the consent of Y” 5.1.4 Y’s “A posteriori” Consent? 5.1.5 “Authority” as Paternalism: Ullmann-Margalit 5.1.6 How All State’s Tutelarity Becomes Immoral “Paternalism” 5.1.7 In sum 5.2 Sen’s “Capabilities” theory as intrinsically ‘tutelary’, and its limits 5.2.1 Some limits: Powers and Resources Circularity 5.2.2 Liberistic limits to tutelary intervention Giving “Freedom” is Changing Mind 5.3 “Nudges”: Manipulation and Marketing as Freedom 5.3.1 What are “nudges” and “libertarian paternalism” 5.3.2 “Future” or “ideal” preference of the subject Nudging and our Cognitive Biases 5.3.3 “Means” vs. “Ends” 5.3.4 The best way for predicting the future is to build it 5.3.5 Criticisms within Behavioral Economics 5.3.6 Against the “libertarian” (liberal) ideology of Nudges 5.3.7 Better explicit recommendations or argumentation and even obligations 5.3.8 Back to the origin: Tutelary “Invisible HandS” 5.3.9 Useful Nudges 5.4 In sum: “Paternalism” is SECTION 2: Tutelarity Issues in social domains and disciplines - 100 pages In the second part of the book, we will discuss some of the crucial distinctions (for example with “Paternalism”) and problems of tutelarity; its beauty but also its contradictions and tragedies. We will see the centrality, relevance, and possible dangers of “tutelarity” in specific crucial domains of social life and behavioral sciences: education (pedagogy), psychotherapy and psychiatry, economics, norms, political power and democracy; .... Ch. 6 Tutelary Nature of Norms and Normative Education 6.1 Tutelary Nature of Prescriptions and Rights 6.2 Deontic Cognition: Norms as Mind Shapers 6.2.1 Architecture of a Norm-sensitive Agent 6.2.2 Norm-acceptance 6.2.3 ‘Normative’ Adoption/Adhesion 6.3. Towards a ‘Normed’ Mind 6.3.1 From ‘ascribed’ to ‘prescribed’ minds 6.3.2 Meta-Ns about Reasons for the Adoption of N Goal 6.3.3 A Paradoxical Function of Norms: Disobedience 6.3.4 Obligation vs. Duty 6.3.5 From Instrumental Goals to Final Goals: from Threats to ‘Values’ - Two different normative minds 6.3.6 The “alienated” nature of norm adoption 6.3.7 In sum 6.3.8 The affective grounding of Norm and deontic conform behaviors 6.4 “Right” as a Tutelary relation (and as “capability”) 6.4.1 The psychology of “rights” 6.5 Homage to Simon Weil: The intrinsic tutelary nature of “duties” 6.6 Norms imposing to you (to care of) your own good 6.7 Education as internalized discipline 6.8 Tutors of ourselves 6.8.1 Self- tutelary attitude: “Me”, the puppet of myself 6.8.2 The Tutelary and Paternalistic nature of SuperEgo 6.8.3 Self-tutelarity Function or Intention? 6.9. The Emancipation and Autonomization Process 6.9.1. The normative autonomization process - Deontic Internalization - Learning as autonomization 6.9.2. Re-habilitation (recovery) as autonomization 6.9.3. A complex dialectics 6.9.4. A more extreme and radical “Autonomization”: Rebellion - Empowerment is not just “giving powers” 6.9.5 Not conclusive considerations Ch. 7 Possible Dangers and Ambivalence of Tutelarity and Assistance 7.1 A very problematic (non-renounceable) relation 7.1.1 Problems - X’s Bona fide - Y’s Mala fide 7.1.2 Manipulation 7.1.3 Tutelary Conflicts - Tutelary need for conflicts 7.1.4 Additional dangers - Prescribed Future Goals - Not real “Listening” to Y 7.1.5 Risks due to Power dynamics - Tutelary Acts as Power Demonstration 7.1.6 Tutelarity preserving and betraying itself 7.2. Ambivalence in Assistance: Welfarism, Rehabilitation, Psychotherapy and Emancipation process 7.2.1. A Contradiction to be managed, not to be denied 7.2.2. Emancipatory tutelage vs. Chronic/Stabilizing/Assistive Tutelage 7.2.3 Emancipatory and empowering Tutelage 7.2.4. Welfarism - Economic False Tutelarity 7.2.5 Psychiatric and Rehabilitation Relationships and Tutelarity - Mental Health Care - The need for “masochism” of psychiatric institutions - De-institutionalization - Potential "psycho-therapeutic" character of “assistance” interventions 7.2.6 The fear of tutelarity responsibility - Just “maieutic” - Psychotherapy and its Therapeutic “alliance” 7.3 Tutelary Tragedies 7.3.1 A noxious love: Vincent van Gogh suicide 7.3.2 “Trust us: it is for the good of indigenous childrens 7.4 But not in politics Ch. 8 Tutelarity and Trust Problems in Democracy 8. 0. A unpleasant premise: No shared understanding and mind 8.1 Power Delegation and the Intrinsic Limits of Democracy 8.1.1 Possible power ‘alienation’ in delegation 8.2 Constitutive Tutelarity and its Nature 8.2.1 Tutelage is an ‘attitude’ not a person 8.2.2 Multi-tutelarity and meta-tutelarity of politics 8.2.3 Citizens as tutors of the “city” 8.2.4 Guardian of “Common Good”? 8. 3 No conflicts no democracy 8.4. Citizen’s ‘ignorance’ 8.4.1 Delegation for and Cognitive Transition to “Deliberation” 8.4.2 Overcoming People’s Ignorance 8.4.3 The social production of ignorance and the crisis of democracy 8.4.4 The tutelary relationship in politics is not towards the "vulgars" 8.5 Representation as “advocacy” 8.5.1 Our emphases 8.6 Does tutelarity mean elites and aristocracies? 8.6.1 Who Knows What 8.6.2 In defense (and offence) of aristocracies 8.6.3. Self-deprecating or Suicidal Aristocracies 8.7 “Representation” as construction of a social subject and reduction of delegation 8.7.1 The tutelary relation with the proletariat 8.8. Trust for Democracy 8.8.1 ‘Ignorant trust’ - Secrets for Democracy - Trust or Faith? - Ignorant Trust for Open Delegation 8.8.2 Trust Crisis in Democracy: Additional bases of mistrust 8.8.3 Democracy under surveillance? 8.9. The theater of Democracy: its double staging 8.9.1 Democracy letdown. Not just a matter of value relativism and false representativity 8.9.2 “Representation” is a “crass pretense” 8.9.3 Second “crass pretense”: Hidden powers 8.9.4 Hidden Powers and Functions: Hayekian fallacies 8.9.5 “Dominant powers” 8.9.6 The Hidden Goals of the “Invisible” Hand 8.9.7 To be or to feel free? 8.10. Vox Populi: "People is always right" and the dictatorship of the majority 8.10.1 Creating Vox populi 8.10.2. Self-monitoring of Political Power Against Paternalism and Self-referentiality 8.11. Making Democracy True 8.11.1 The not formal emancipation and real empowering of “people” 8.12 Is the State intervention intrinsically “paternalistic”? 8.13 The ICT and On-Line Future of Democracy: Dangerous Ideologies and Good Potentialities 8.13.1 Demystifying the Ideology of the NET: “We” against “them” 8.13.2 Building a “critical thinking” - WEB as the Truth 8.13.3 Demystifying the Ideology of the NET: No more delegation 8.13.4 No Delegation or Unaware Delegation? 8.13.5 Demystifying the Ideology of the NET: no mediation, no hierarchy 8.13.6 “Direct” vs “Participatory” Democracy 8.13.7 ICT potentialities: Anti-manipulation Technologies 8.13.8 ICT potentialities: A Glass of the Invisible - Presences - Make Visible the “invisible hand” 8.13.9 Back to tutelary 8.13.10 Another tutelary hazard: The algorithmic deresponsabilization 8.14 From surveillance capitalism to surveillance eGovernment 8.15 Short concluding remarks

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisJesús, Moisés, Mahoma, Gandhi y Buda tenían cerebros construidos esencialmente como el de cualquier otra persona, pero fueron capaces de controlar sus pensamientos y moldear sus patrones de pensamiento de maneras que cambiaron la historia. Gracias a los nuevos avances en la neurociencia moderna y a la sabiduría de miles de años de práctica contemplativa, es posible moldear nuestros propios pensamientos de forma similar para alcanzar mayor felicidad, amor, compasión y sabiduría. El Cerebro de Buda combina las fuerzas de la neurociencia moderna con antiguas enseñanzas contemplativas para mostrar a los lectores cómo pueden trabajar para lograr un mayor bienestar emocional, relaciones más sanas, acciones más efectivas y una comprensión religiosa y espiritual más profunda. Este libro explicará cómo los elementos centrales tanto del bienestar psicológico como de la vida religiosa o espiritual ?virtud, atención plena y sabiduría? se basan en las funciones esenciales del cerebro: regulación, aprendizaje y valoración. Los lectores también aprenderán maneras prácticas de aplicar esta información, ya que el libro ofrece numerosos ejercicios que pueden realizar para aprovechar el potencial no utilizado del cerebro y reconfigurarlo con el tiempo para lograr mayor paz y bienestar.CRÍTICASEste libro nos permite comprender el porqué y el cómo de nuestro sistema operativo humano para que podamos tomar decisiones más informadas que nos permitan vivir vidas más plenas, compasivas, con mayor bienestar y bondad hacia los demás y hacia nosotros mismos. Lo que me entusiasma de El Cerebro de Buda es la capacidad de Rick Hanson para delinear claramente las causas profundas del sufrimiento y explicar maneras pertinentes de cambiarlas y lograr un cambio duradero en todos los niveles de nuestra mente, cuerpo y relaciones interpersonales. Su estilo informativo, relajado y fácil de leer me hizo querer retomar este libro una y otra vez y profundizar cada vez más en las complejidades de nuestra ingeniería humana. El Cerebro de Buda está ahora en mi lista de recomendaciones para todos mis estudiantes y profesores en formación. --Richard C. Miller, PhD, presidente fundador del Instituto de Restauración Integral.Numerosos escritos en los últimos años han exacerbado la tradicional brecha entre ciencia y religión; sin embargo, ha surgido un refrescante movimiento paralelo en la dirección opuesta. Los neurocientíficos se han interesado cada vez más en utilizar indagaciones introspectivas de la mente en primera persona para complementar sus investigaciones científicas occidentales sobre el cerebro, en tercera persona. Las prácticas contemplativas budistas son particularmente propicias para dicha colaboración, lo que invita a buscar explicaciones neurobiológicas para la filosofía budista. Despojado de su carga religiosa, El Cerebro de Buda describe claramente cómo los conceptos modernos de neurobiología evolutiva y cognitiva respaldan las enseñanzas y prácticas budistas fundamentales. Este libro resultará muy atractivo para quienes buscan un camino espiritual secular, a la vez que plantea numerosas hipótesis comprobables para los neurocientíficos interesados. --Jerome Engel, Jr., MD, PhD, Profesor Distinguido Jonathan Sinay de Neurología, Neurobiología, Psiquiatría y Ciencias Bioconductuales en la Universidad de California, Los Ángeles."El Cerebro de Buda hace una contribución significativa al diálogo dinámico actual entre la neurociencia, la psicología y las disciplinas budistas de entrenamiento mental. Basándose en la sabiduría surgida de su propia práctica de meditación y sus antecedentes científicos, los autores señalan una y otra vez las posibilidades de la transformación profunda de nuestras mentes y vidas". --Christina Feldman, autora de Compasión y El camino budista hacia la simplicidad."Los recientes avances en psicología y neurociencias han generado perspectivas claras y contundentes sobre cómo funciona nuestro cerebro y cómo estas funciones neurológicas moldean nuestra experiencia del mundo. Estas perspectivas son profundamente congruentes con la sabiduría que se ha desarrollado durante miles de años en las tradiciones contemplativas. Los autores de El cerebro de Buda nos han brindado una guía concisa y práctica sobre cómo estas dos corrientes de conocimiento pueden utilizarse para transformar nuestra capacidad de conectar con nosotros mismos y con los demás con sabiduría, compasión y atención plena". --Robert D. Truog, MD, profesor de la Facultad de Medicina de Harvard, director ejecutivo del Instituto de Profesionalismo y Práctica Ética, y asociado sénior en medicina de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Infantil de Boston. "Una introducción clara a algunos principios básicos de la neurociencia y el dharma". --Roger Walsh, MD, PhD, profesor de la Universidad de California, Irvine, y autor de Espiritualidad Esencial."El Cerebro de Buda revela brillantemente las enseñanzas del Buda a la luz de la neurociencia moderna. Esta es una guía práctica para cambiar tu realidad. Este es tu cerebro en Dharma!" --Wes "Scoop" Nisker, autor de Sabiduría Loca Esencial y editor de Mente Inquisitiva. "El Cerebro de Buda es convincente, fácil de leer y muy educativo. El libro responde hábilmente a la pregunta central de cada una de nuestras vidas: cómo ser feliz, al presentar los preceptos centrales del budismo integrados con una introducción al funcionamiento de nuestro cerebro. Este libro será útil para cualquiera que desee comprender formas comprobadas de una vida hábil, respaldadas por la ciencia actualizada". --Frederic Luskin, PhD, autor de Forgive for Good y director de Stanford Forgiveness Projects"El cerebro de Buda es una contribución significativa para comprender la interfaz entre la ciencia y la meditación en el camino de la transformación. Esclarecedor." --Joseph Goldstein, autor de A Heart Full of Peace y One Dharma "Este es simplemente el mejor libro que he leído sobre por qué y cómo podemos moldear nuestros cerebros para que sean pacíficos y felices. Este es un libro que literalmente cambiará tu cerebro y tu vida." --Jennifer Louden, autora de The Woman's Comfort Book y The Life Organizer "Un libro maravillosamente completo. Los autores han facilitado la comprensión de cómo funciona nuestra mente y cómo realizar cambios para que podamos vivir vidas más felices y plenas." --Sharon Salzberg, autora de LovingkindnessEl Cerebro de Buda te mostrará cómo las prácticas mentales, basadas en las tradiciones contemplativas, pueden aumentar tu capacidad para experimentar felicidad y paz. Este libro proporciona una comprensión científica de estos métodos y una guía clara para las prácticas que cultivan un corazón sabio y libre. --Tara Brach, PhD, autora de Aceptación Radical."Una guía reveladora sobre la confluencia emergente de la neuropsicología de vanguardia y la antigua sabiduría budista, repleta de sugerencias prácticas sobre cómo reconfigurar gradualmente tu cerebro para una mayor felicidad. Lúcida, amena y de fácil acceso." --John J. Prendergast, PhD, profesor adjunto de psicología en el Instituto de Estudios Integrales de California y editor principal de The Sacred Mirror y Listening from the Heart of Silence."Con la mente de un científico, la perspectiva de un psicólogo y el corazón sabio de un padre y meditador devoto, Rick Hanson ha creado una guía para todos los que deseamos aprender y aplicar las nuevas y brillantes investigaciones que abarcan la neurología, la psicología y la auténtica indagación espiritual. Descubrimientos actualizados, combinados con prácticas de vanguardia, hacen de este libro una lectura cautivadora. El Cerebro de Buda es mi libro predilecto!" --Richard A. Heckler, PhD, profesor adjunto en la Universidad John F. Kennedy en Pleasant Hill, California."Ojalá hubiera tenido un profesor de ciencias como Rick Hanson cuando iba a la escuela. El Cerebro de Buda es a la vez divertido, fascinante y profundo. No solo nos muestra maneras efectivas de desarrollar la verdadera felicidad en nuestras vidas, sino que también explica fisiológicamente cómo y por qué funcionan. Al igual que nos instruye sobre cómo hacer con las experiencias positivas, asimile toda la buena información que ofrece este libro y disfrútela." --James Baraz, autor de Awakening Joy y cofundador del Centro de Meditación Spirit Rock."Sólidamente fundamentado en las últimas investigaciones neurocientíficas y respaldado por una profunda comprensión de la práctica contemplativa, este libro es accesible, convincente y profundo: una cristalización de sabiduría práctica!" --Philip David Zelazo, PhD, Profesor Nancy M. y John E. Lindahl en el Instituto de Desarrollo Infantil de la Universidad de Minnesota.

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Book SynopsisIn the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts themselves present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces - extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major practical theoretical contributions. Glyn Humphreys is an internationally renowned cognitive neuropsychologist with research interests covering object recognition and its disorders, visual word recognition, object and spatial attention, the effects of action on cognition, and social cognition. Within the field of Psychology he has won a number of prestigious awards, including the Spearman Medal, the President's Award of the British Psychological Society, and the Donald Broadbent Prize from the European Society for Cognitive Psychology. This collection reflects the different directions in his work and approaches which have been adopted. It will enable the reader to trace key developments in cognitive neuropsychology iTable of Contents1. A case of integrative visual agnosia. (1987), Riddoch, M.J. & Humphreys, G.W. 2: Cascade processes in picture identification. (1988), Humphreys, G.W., Riddoch, M.J. & Quinlan, P.T. 3. Visual search and stimulus similarity. (1989), Duncan, J. & Humphreys, G.W. 4: Early orthographic processing in visual word recognition. (1990), Humphreys, G.W., Evett, L.J. & Quinlan, P.T. 5. Non-spatial extinction following lesions of the parietal lobe in humans. (1994), Humphreys, G.W., Romani, C., Olson, A., Riddoch, M.J. & Duncan, J. 6. Visual marking: Prioritising selection for new objects by top-down attentional inhibition. (1997), Watson, D.G. & Humphreys, G.W. 7. Seeing the action: Neuropsychological evidence for action-based effects on object selection. (2003), Riddoch, M.J., Humphreys, G.W., Edwards, S., Baker, T. & Willson, K. 8. The left temporo-parietal junction is necessary for representing someone else’s beliefs. (2004), Samson, D., Apperly, I., Chiavarino, C. & Humphreys, G.W. 9. Dissociating the neural mechanisms of memory-based guidance of visual selection. (2007), Soto, D., Humphreys, G.W. & Rotshtein, P. 10. Ignoring the elephant in the room: A neural circuit to down-regulate salience. (2010), Mevorach, C., Hodsoll, J., Allen, H.A., Shalev, L. & Humphreys, G.W. 11. The attraction of yellow corn: Reduced attentional constraints on coding learned conjunctive relations. (2013), Rappaport, S.J., Humphreys, G.W. & Riddoch, M.J. 12. Coupling social attention to the self forms a network for personal significance. (2013), Sui, J., Rotshtein, P. & Humphreys, G.W. 13. The BCoS cognitive profile screen: Utility and predictive value for stroke. (2015), Bickerton, W-L.,Demeyere, N., Francis, D., Kumar, V., Remoundou, M., Balani, A., Harris, L., Williamson, J., Lau, J.K., Samson, D., Riddoch, M.J. & Humphreys, G.W.

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Book SynopsisArtificial intelligence, or AI, is a cross-disciplinary approach to understanding, modeling, and creating intelligence of various forms. It is a critical branch of cognitive science, and its influence is increasingly being felt in other areas, including the humanities. AI applications are transforming the way we interact with each other and with our environment, and work in artificially modeling intelligence is offering new insights into the human mind and revealing new forms mentality can take. This volume of original essays presents the state of the art in AI, surveying the foundations of the discipline, major theories of mental architecture, the principal areas of research, and extensions of AI such as artificial life. With a focus on theory rather than technical and applied issues, the volume will be valuable not only to people working in AI, but also to those in other disciplines wanting an authoritative and up-to-date introduction to the field.Table of ContentsIntroduction Keith Frankish and William M. Ramsey; Part I. Foundations: 1. History, motivations, and core themes Stan Franklin; 2. Philosophical foundations Konstantine Arkoudas and Selmer Bringsjord; 3. Philosophical challenges William S. Robinson; Part II. Architectures: 4. GOFAI Margaret A. Boden; 5. Connectionism and neural networks Ron Sun; 6. Dynamical systems and embedded cognition Randall D. Beer; Part III. Dimensions: 7. Learning David Danks; 8. Perception and computer vision Markus Vincze, Sven Wachsmuth and Gerhard Sagerer; 9. Reasoning and decision making Eyal Amir; 10. Language and communication Yorick Wilks; 11. Actions and agents Eduardo Alonso; 12. Artificial emotions and machine consciousness Matthias Scheutz; Part IV. Extensions: 13. Robotics Phil Husbands; 14. Artificial life Mark A. Bedau; 15. The ethics of artificial intelligence Nick Bostrom and Eliezer Yudkowsky.

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Book SynopsisThis Element supports the Computational Theory of Mind by its contribution to solving the mind-body problem, its ability to explain mental phenomena, and the success of computational modelling and artificial intelligence.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Historical background; 3. Computing systems; 4. Computation in physical systems; 5. Why believe CTM; 6. Challenges to CTM; 7. Conclusions; References.

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Book SynopsisThis Element introduces contemporary theories of mental content. It considers recent developments in the debate, specifically the 'explanatory turn' and its implications for questions about representations in basic cognitive systems and the representational character of current empirical theories of cognition.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Basic concepts and distinctions; 3. Mental content: main questions; 4. Theories of mental content I: naturalizing content; 5. Theories of mental content II: interpretationism and intentional stance theory; 6. Theories of mental content III: the phenomenal intentionality approach; 7. Skepticism about content: anti-representationalist approaches; 8. Recent developments; References.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisIn this Element, the authors address the human ability to effortlessly understand the actions of other people by first considering the kinds of information an observer may gain when viewing an action.

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