Classical mechanics Books

Book SynopsisJohn Taylor has brought to his most recent book, Classical Mechanics, all of the clarity and insight that made his Introduction to Error Analysis a best-selling text. Classical Mechanics is intended for students who have studied some mechanics in an introductory physics course, such as “freshman physics". With unusual clarity, the book covers most of the topics normally found in books at this level, including conservation laws, oscillations, Lagrangian mechanics, two-body problems, non-inertial frames, rigid bodies, normal modes, chaos theory, Hamiltonian mechanics, and continuum mechanics. A particular highlight is the chapter on chaos, which focuses on a few simple systems, to give a truly comprehensible introduction to the concepts that we hear so much about. At the end of each chapter is a large selection of interesting problems for the student, 744 in all, classified by topic and approximate difficulty, and ranging from simple exercises to challenging computer projects. Adopted by more than 450 colleges and universities in the USA and Canada and translated into six languages, Taylor's Classical Mechanics is a thorough and very readable introduction to a subject that is four hundred years old but as exciting today as ever. The author manages to convey that excitement as well as deep understanding and insight. Ancillaries A detailed Instructors' Manual is available for adopting professors. Art from the book may be downloaded by adopting professors. Table of ContentsPART I: THE ESSENTIALS Chapter 1: Newton's Laws of Motion 1.1 Classical Mechanics 1.2 Space and Time 1.3 Mass and Force 1.4 Newton's First and Second Laws; Inertial Frames 1.5 The Third Law and Conservation of the Momentum 1.6 Newton's Second Law in Cartesian Coordinates 1.7 Two-Dimensional Polar Coordinates 1.8 Problems for Chapter 1 Chapter 2: Projectiles and Charged Particles 2.1 Air Resistance 2.2 Linear Air Resistance 2.3 Trajectory and Range in a Linear Motion 2.4 Quadratic Air Resistance 2.5 Motion of a Charge in a Uniform Magnetic Field 2.6 Complex Exponentials 2.7 Solution for the Charge in a B Field 2.8 Problems for Chapter 2 Chapter 3: Momentum and Angular Momentum 3.1 Conservation of Momentum 3.2 Rockets 3.3 The Center of Mass 3.4 Angular Momentum for a Single Particle 3.5 Angular Momentum for Several Particles 3.6 Problems for Chapter 3 Chapter 4: Energy 4.1 Kinetic Energy and Work 4.2 Potential Energy and Conservative Forces 4.3 Force as the Gradient of Potential Energy 4.4 The Second Condition that F be Conservative 4.5 Time-Dependent Potential Energy 4.6 Energy for Linear One-Dimensional Systems 4.7 Curvilinear One-Dimensional Systems 4.8 Central Forces 4.9 Energy of Interaction of Two Particles 4.10 The Energy of a Multiparticle System 4.11 Problems for Chapter 4 Chapter 5: Oscillations 5.1 Hooke's Law 5.2 Simple Harmonic Motion 5.3 Two-Dimensional Oscillators 5.4 Damped Oscillators 5.5 Driven Damped Oscillations 5.6 Resonance 5.7 Fourier Series 5.8 Fourier Series Solution for the Driven Oscillator 5.9 The RMS Displacement; Parseval's Theorem 5.10 Problems for Chapter 5 Chapter 6: Calculus of Variations 6.1 Two Examples 6.2 The Euler-Lagrange Equation 6.3 Applications of the Euler-Lagrange Equation 6.4 More than Two Variables 6.5 Problems for Chapter 6 Chapter 7: Lagrange's Equations 7.1 Lagrange's Equations for Unconstrained Motion 7.2 Constrained Systems; an Example 7.3 Constrained Systems in General 7.4 Proof of Lagrange's Equations with Constraints 7.5 Examples of Lagrange's Equations 7.6 Conclusion 7.7 Conservation Laws in Lagrangian Mechanics 7.8 Lagrange's Equations for Magnetic Forces 7.9 Lagrange Multipliers and Constraint Forces 7.10 Problems for Chapter 7 Chapter 8: Two-Body Central Force Problems 8.1 The Problem 8.2 CM and Relative Coordinates; Reduced Mass 8.3 The Equations of Motion 8.4 The Equivalent One-Dimensional Problems 8.5 The Equation of the Orbit 8.6 The Kepler Orbits 8.7 The Unbonded Kepler Orbits 8.8 Changes of Orbit 8.9 Problems for Chapter 8 Chapter 9: Mechanics in Noninertial Frames 9.1 Acceleration without Rotation 9.2 The Tides 9.3 The Angular Velocity Vector 9.4 Time Derivatives in a Rotating Frame 9.5 Newton's Second Law in a Rotating Frame 9.6 The Centrifugal Force 9.7 The Coriolis Force 9.8 Free Fall and The Coriolis Force 9.9 The Foucault Pendulum 9.10 Coriolis Force and Coriolis Acceleration 9.11 Problems for Chapter 9 Chapter 10: Motion of Rigid Bodies 10.1 Properties of the Center of Mass 10.2 Rotation about a Fixed Axis 10.3 Rotation about Any Axis; the Inertia Tensor 10.4 Principal Axes of Inertia 10.5 Finding the Principal Axes; Eigenvalue Equations 10.6 Precession of a Top Due to a Weak Torque 10.7 Euler's Equations 10.8 Euler's Equations with Zero Torque 10.9 Euler Angles 10.10 Motion of a Spinning Top 10.11 Problems for Chapter 10 Chapter 11: Coupled Oscillators and Normal Modes 11.1 Two Masses and Three Springs 11.2 Identical Springs and Equal Masses 11.3 Two Weakly Coupled Oscillators 11.4 Lagrangian Approach; the Double Pendulum 11.5 The General Case 11.6 Three Coupled Pendulums 11.7 Normal Coordinates 11.8 Problems for Chapter 11 PART II: FURTHER TOPICS Chapter 12: Nonlinear Mechanics and Chaos 12.1 Linearity and Nonlinearity 12.2 The Driven Damped Pendulum or DDP 12.3 Some Expected Features of the DDP 12.4 The DDP; Approach to Chaos 12.5 Chaos and Sensitivity to Initial Conditions 12.6 Bifurcation Diagrams 12.7 State-Space Orbits 12.8 Poincare Sections 12.9 The Logistic Map 12.10 Problems for Chapter 12 Chapter 13: Hamiltonian Mechanics 13.1 The Basic Variables 13.2 Hamilton's Equations for One-Dimensional Systems 13.3 Hamilton's Equations in Several Dimensions 13.4 Ignorable Coordinates 13.5 Lagrange's Equations vs. Hamilton's Equations 13.6 Phase-Space Orbits 13.7 Liouville's Theorem 13.8 Problems for Chapter 13 Chapter 14: Collision Theory 14.1 The Scattering Angle and Impact Parameter 14.2 The Collision Cross Section 14.3 Generalizations of the Cross Section 14.4 The Differential Scattering Cross Section 14.5 Calculating the Differential Cross Section 14.6 Rutherford Scattering 14.7 Cross Sections in Various Frames 14.8 Relation of the CM and Lab Scattering Angles 14.9 Problems for Chapter 14 Chapter 15: Special Relativity 15.1 Relativity 15.2 Galilean Relativity 15.3 The Postulates of Special Relativity 15.4 The Relativity of Time; Time Dilation 15.5 Length Contraction 15.6 The Lorentz Transformation 15.7 The Relativistic Velocity-Addition Formula 15.8 Four-Dimensional Space-Time; Four-Vectors 15.9 The Invariant Scalar Product 15.10 The Light Cone 15.11 The Quotient Rule and Doppler Effect 15.12 Mass, Four-Velocity, and Four-Momentum 15.13 Energy, the Fourth Component of Momentum 15.14 Collisions 15.15 Force in Relativity 15.16 Massless Particles; the Photon 15.17 Tensors 15.18 Electrodynamics and Relativity 15.19 Problems for Chapters 15 Chapter 16: Continuum Mechanics 16.1 Transverse Motion of a Taut String 16.2 The Wave Equation 16.3 Boundary Conditions; Waves on a Finite String 16.4 The Three-Dimensional Wave Equation 16.5 Volume and Surface Forces 16.6 Stress and Strain: the Elastic Moduli 16.7 The Stress Tensor 16.8 The Strain Tensor for a Solid 16.9 Relation between Stress and Strain: Hooke's Law 16.10 The Equation of Motion for an Elastic Solid 16.11 Longitudinal and Transverse Waves in a Solid 16.12 Fluids: Description of the Motion 16.13 Waves in a Fluid 16.14 Problems for Chapter 16

Read more less

Book Synopsis''Beautifully clear explanations of famously difficult things ... It almost makes you think you could have been a Newton yourself'' John Gribbin Here is the ultimate master class in modern physics. World-class physicist and father of string theory Leonard Susskind and citizen-scientist George Hrabovsky combine forces in a primer that teaches the skills you need to do physics yourself.Combining crystal-clear explanations of the laws of the universe with basic exercises (including essential equations and maths), the authors cover the minimum that readers should master. They introduce the key concepts of modern physics, from classical mechanics to general relativity to quantum theory, and provide a practical toolkit that you won''t find in any other popular science book. ''A good and noble book'' Sunday Times ''A wonderful and unique resource. For anyone who is determined to learn physics for real, looking beyond conventional popularizations, this is the ideal place to start'' Sean Carroll, physicist and author of The Particle at the End of the Universe''Very readable ... provides a clear description of advanced classical physics concepts, and gives readers who want a challenge the opportunity to exercise their brain'' Physics WorldTrade ReviewSo what do you do if you enjoyed science at school or college but ended up with a different career and are still wondering what makes the universe tick? . . . The Theoretical Minimum is the book for you. -- John Gribbin * Wall Street Journal *A pleasure to read....a beautiful, high-level overview of the entire subject * Physics Today *What a wonderful and unique resource. For anyone who is determined to learn physics for real, looking beyond conventional popularizations, this is the ideal place to start. It gets directly to the important points, with nuggets of deep insight scattered along the way. * Sean Carroll, author of The Particle at the End of the Universe *

Read more less

Book SynopsisDescribes the acceleration, deceleration, and inertial movement; fluid dynamics; and the motions of the earth, moon, planets, and comets. This title deals with the fundamental three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity. It is suitable for scientists, scholars, and students.Table of ContentsPreface A GUIDE TO NEWTON'S PRINCIPIA Contents of the Guide Abbreviations CHAPTER ONE: A Brief History of the Principia CHAPTER TWO: Translating the Principia CHAPTER THREE: Some General Aspects of the Principia CHAPTER FOUR: Some Fundamental Concepts of the Principia CHAPTER FIVE : Axioms, or the Laws of Motion CHAPTER SIX: The Structure of Book 1 CHAPTER SEVEN: The Structure of Book 2 CHAPTER EIGHT: The Structure of Book 3 CHAPTER NINE : The Concluding General Scholium CHAPTER TEN: How to Read the Principia CHAPTER ELEVEN : Conclusion THE PRINCIPIA (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) Halley's Ode to Newton Newton's Preface to the First Edition Newton's Preface to the Second Edition Cotes s Preface to the Second Edition Newton's Preface to the Third Edition Definitions Axioms, or the Laws of Motion BOOK 1: THE MOTION OF BODIES BOOK 2: THE MOTION OF BODIES BOOK 3: THE SYSTEM OF THE WORLD General Scholium Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis classic text combines the scholarly insights of its distinguished author with the practical, problem-solving orientation of an experienced industrial engineer. Abundant examples and figures, plus 233 problems and answers. 1956 edition.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPhilosophic, less formalistic approach to perennially important field of analytical mechanics. Model of clear, scholarly exposition at graduate level with coverage of basic concepts, calculus of variations, principle of virtual work, equations of motion, relativistic mechanics, much more. First inexpensive paperbound edition. Index. Bibliography.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSupplementary textbook for all levels of undergraduate physics courses in classical mechanics.Trade Review'This textbook serves as an introduction to standard undergraduate classical mechanics topics, including Newton's laws, energy, momentum, oscillators, rotational dynamics and angular momentum. … The real value of this book, however, lies in the extensive set of problems and worked solutions that many students tend to crave and as such is sure to be warmly welcomed.' Contemporary PhysicsTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Strategies for solving problems; 2. Statics; 3. Using F=ma; 4. Oscillations; 5. Conservation of energy and momentum; 6. The Lagrangian model; 7. Central forces; 8. Angular momentum, Part I (constant L); 9. Angular momentum, Part II (general L); 10. Accelerating frames of reference; 11. Relativity (kinematics); 12. Relativity (dynamics); 13. 4-vectors; 14. General relativity; Appendices; References; Index.

Read more less

Book Synopsis1. Mathematical Introduction.- 1.1. Linear Vector Spaces: Basics.- 1.2. Inner Product Spaces.- 1.3. Dual Spaces and the Dirac Notation.- 1.4. Subspaces.- 1.5. Linear Operators.- 1.6. Matrix Elements of Linear Operators.- 1.7. Active and Passive Transformations.- 1.8. The Eigenvalue Problem.- 1.9. Functions of Operators and Related Concepts.- 1.10. Generalization to Infinite Dimensions.- 2. Review of Classical Mechanics.- 2.1. The Principle of Least Action and Lagrangian Mechanics.- 2.2. The Electromagnetic Lagrangian.- 2.3. The Two-Body Problem.- 2.4. How Smart Is a Particle?.- 2.5. The Hamiltonian Formalism.- 2.6. The Electromagnetic Force in the Hamiltonian Scheme.- 2.7. Cyclic Coordinates, Poisson Brackets, and Canonical Transformations.- 2.8. Symmetries and Their Consequences.- 3. All Is Not Well with Classical Mechanics.- 3.1. Particles and Waves in Classical Physics.- 3.2. An Experiment with Waves and Particles (Classical).- 3.3. The Double-Slit Experiment with Light.- 3.4. Matter Waves (de Broglie Waves).- 3.5. Conclusions.- 4. The Postulatesa General Discussion.- 4.1. The Postulates.- 4.2. Discussion of Postulates I -III.- 4.3. The Schrödinger Equation (Dotting Your i's and Crossing your ?'s).- 5. Simple Problems in One Dimension.- 5.1. The Free Particle.- 5.2. The Particle in a Box.- 5.3. The Continuity Equation for Probability.- 5.4. The Single-Step Potential: a Problem in Scattering.- 5.5. The Double-Slit Experiment.- 5.6. Some Theorems.- 6. The Classical Limit.- 7. The Harmonic Oscillator.- 7.1. Why Study the Harmonic Oscillator?.- 7.2. Review of the Classical Oscillator.- 7.3. Quantization of the Oscillator (Coordinate Basis).- 7.4. The Oscillator in the Energy Basis.- 7.5. Passage from the Energy Basis to the X Basis.- 8. The Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Theory.- 8.1. The Path Integral Recipe.- 8.2. Analysis of the Recipe.- 8.3. An Approximation to U(t) for the Free Particle.- 8.4. Path Integral Evaluation of the Free-Particle Propagator.- 8.5. Equivalence to the Schrödinger Equation.- 8.6. Potentials of the Form V=a + bx + cx2 + d? + ex?.- 9. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relations.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Derivation of the Uncertainty Relations.- 9.3. The Minimum Uncertainty Packet.- 9.4. Applications of the Uncertainty Principle.- 9.5. The Energy-Time Uncertainty Relation.- 10. Systems with N Degrees of Freedom.- 10.1. N Particles in One Dimension.- 10.2. More Particles in More Dimensions.- 10.3. Identical Particles.- 11. Symmetries and Their Consequences.- 11.1. Overview.- 11.2. Translational Invariance in Quantum Theory.- 11.3. Time Translational Invariance.- 11.4. Parity Invariance.- 11.5. Time-Reversal Symmetry.- 12. Rotational Invariance and Angular Momentum.- 12.1. Translations in Two Dimensions.- 12.2. Rotations in Two Dimensions.- 12.3. The Eigenvalue Problem of Lz.- 12.4. Angular Momentum in Three Dimensions.- 12.5. The Eigenvalue Problem of L2 and Lz.- 12.6. Solution of Rotationally Invariant Problems.- 13. TheHydrogen Atom.- 13.1. The Eigenvalue Problem.- 13.2. The Degeneracy of the Hydrogen Spectrum.- 13.3. Numerical Estimates and Comparison with Experiment.- 13.4. Multielectron Atoms and the Periodic Table.- 14. Spin.- 14.1. Introduction.- 14.2. What is the Nature of Spin?.- 14.3. Kinematics of Spin.- 14.4. Spin Dynamics.- 14.5. Return of Orbital Degrees of Freedom.- 15. Addition of Angular Momenta.- 15.1. A Simple Example.- 15.2. The General Problem.- 15.3. Irreducible Tensor Operators.- 15.4. Explanation of Some Accidental Degeneracies.- 16. Variational and WKB Methods.- 16.1. The Variational Method.- 16.2. The Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin Method.- 17. Time-Independent Perturbation Theory.- 17.1. The Formalism.- 17.2. Some Examples.- 17.3. Degenerate Perturbation Theory.- 18. Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory.- 18.1. The Problem.- 18.2. First-Order Perturbation Theory.- 18.3. Higher Orders in Perturbation Theory.- 18.4. A General Discussion of Electromagnetic Interactions.- 18.5. Interaction of Atoms with Electromagnetic Radiation.- 19. Scattering Theory.- 19.1. Introduction.- 19.2. Recapitulation of One-Dimensional Scattering and Overview.- 19.3. The Born Approximation (Time-Dependent Description).- 19.4. Born Again (The Time-Independent Approximation).- 19.5. The Partial Wave Expansion.- 19.6. Two-Particle Scattering.- 20. The Dirac Equation.- 20.1. The Free-Particle Dirac Equation.- 20.2. Electromagnetic Interaction of the Dirac Particle.- 20.3. More on Relativistic Quantum Mechanics.- 21. Path IntegralsII.- 21.1. Derivation of the Path Integral.- 21.2. Imaginary Time Formalism.- 21.3. Spin and Fermion Path Integrals.- 21.4. Summary.- A.l. Matrix Inversion.- A.2. Gaussian Integrals.- A.3. Complex Numbers.Trade Review`An excellent text....The postulates of quantum mechanics and the mathematical underpinnings are discussed in a clear, succint manner.' - American Scientist, from a review of the First EditionTable of ContentsMathematical Introduction.- Review of Classical Mechanics.- All Is Not Well With Classical Mechanics. The Postulates-A General Discussion.- Simple Problems in One Dimension.- The Classical Limit.- The Harmonic Oscillator.- The Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Theory.- The Heisenberg Uncertainty Relations.- Systems with N Degrees of Freedom.- Symmetries and Their Consequences.- Rotational Invariance and Angular Momentum.- The Hydrogen Atom.- Spin.- Addition of Angular Momenta.- Variational and WKB Methods.- Time-Independent Perturbation Theory.- Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory.- Scattering Theory.- The Dirac Equation.- Path Integrals-II.- Appendix.- Answers to Selected Exercises.- Table of Constants.- Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe main theme of this highly successful book is that the transmission of energy by wave propogation is fundamental to almost every branch of physics. Therefore, besides giving students a thorough grounding in the theory of waves and vibrations, the book also demonstrates the pattern and unity of a large part of physics. This new edition has been thoroughly revised and has been redeisgned to meet the best contemporary standards. It includes new material on electron waves in solids using the Kronig-Penney model to show how their allowed energies are limited to Brillouin zones, The role of phonons is also discussed. An Optical Transform is used to demonstrate the modern method of lens testing. In the last two chapters the sections on chaos and solitons have been reduced but their essential contents remain. As with earlier editions, the book has a large number of problems together with hints on how to solve them. The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, 6th Edition will proveTrade Review"This is an excellent textbook, full of interesting material clearly explained, and fully worthy of being studied by future contributors ..." (Journal of Sound and Vibration: 293, July 2006)Table of ContentsIntroduction to First Edition. Introduction to Second Edition. Introduction to Third Edition. Introduction to Fourth Edition. Introduction to Fifth Edition. Introduction to Sixth Edition. 1. Simple Harmonic Motion. 2. Damped Simple Harmonic Motion. 3. The Forced Oscillator. 4. Coupled Oscillations. 5. Transverse Wave Motion. 6. Longitudinal Waves. 7. Waves on Transmission Lines. 8. Electromagnetic Waves. 9. Waves in More than One Dimension. 10. Fourier Methods. 11. Waves in Optical Systems. 12. Interference and Diffraction. 13. Wave Mechanics. 14 Non-linear Oscillations and Chaos. 15 Non-linear Waves, Shocks and Solitons. Appendix 1: Normal Modes, Phase Space and Statistical Physics. Appendix 2: Kirchhoff’s Integral Theorem. Appendix 3: Non-Linear Schrödinger Equation. Index.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisAdvances in the study of dynamical systems have revolutionized the way that classical mechanics is taught and understood. Classical Dynamics, first published in 1998, is a comprehensive textbook that provides a complete description of this fundamental branch of physics. The authors cover all the material that one would expect to find in a standard graduate course: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian dynamics, canonical transformations, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, perturbation methods, and rigid bodies. They also deal with more advanced topics such as the relativistic Kepler problem, Liouville and Darboux theorems, and inverse and chaotic scattering. A key feature of the book is the early introduction of geometric (differential manifold) ideas, as well as detailed treatment of topics in nonlinear dynamics (such as the KAM theorem) and continuum dynamics (including solitons). The book contains many worked examples and over 200 homework exercises. It will be an ideal textbook for graduate studenTrade Review'It strikes the right balance between physical reasoning and mathematical sophistication, at the same time as it takes the reader to the forefront of active research in the field … I recommend this book to instructors and students alike.' Meinhard E. Mayer, Physics Today'Classical Dynamics strikes the right balance between physical reasoning and mathematical sophistication, at the same time as it takes the reader to the forefront of active research in the field … I highly recommended this book to instructors and students alike.' Meinhard E. Mayer, Physics Today'… it is well written, with a thorough set of references, and would serve as an excellent resource for students and faculty alike who wish to learn many of the most important aspects of the mathematical physics behind the renaissance of classical mechanics.' R. W. Robinett, American Journal of PhysicsTable of Contents1. Fundamentals of mechanics; 2. Lagrangian formulation of mechanics; 3. Topics in Lagrangian dynamics; 4. Scattering and linear oscillations; 5. Hamiltonian formulation of mechanics; 6. Topics in Hamiltonian dynamics; 7. Nonlinear dynamics; 8. Virigid bodies; 9. Continuum dynamics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book – specifically developed as a novel textbook on elementary classical mechanics – shows how analytical and numerical methods can be seamlessly integrated to solve physics problems. This approach allows students to solve more advanced and applied problems at an earlier stage and equips them to deal with real-world examples well beyond the typical special cases treated in standard textbooks.Another advantage of this approach is that students are brought closer to the way physics is actually discovered and applied, as they are introduced right from the start to a more exploratory way of understanding phenomena and of developing their physical concepts.While not a requirement, it is advantageous for the reader to have some prior knowledge of scientific programming with a scripting-type language. This edition of the book uses Matlab, and a chapter devoted to the basics of scientific programming with Matlab is included. A parallel edition using Python instead of Matlab is also available.Last but not least, each chapter is accompanied by an extensive set of course-tested exercises and solutions.Table of Contents Introduction.- Getting started with programming.- Units and measurement.- Motion in one dimension.- Forces in one dimension.- Motion in two and three dimensions.- Forces in two and three dimensions.- Constrained motion.- Forces and constrained motion.- Work.- Energy.- Momentum, impulse, and collisions.- Multiparticle systems.- Rotational motion.- Rotation of rigid bodies.- Dynamics of rigid bodies.- Proofs.- Solutions.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisEndorsed by Cambridge Assessment International Education to provide full support for Paper 4 of the syllabus for examination from 2020.Take mathematical understanding to the next level with this accessible series, written by experienced authors, examiners and teachers.- Improve confidence as a mathematician with clear explanations, worked examples, diverse activities and engaging discussion points. - Advance problem-solving, interpretation and communication skills through a wealth of questions that promote higher-order thinking. - Prepare for further study or life beyond the classroom by applying mathematics to other subjects and modelling real-world situations.- Reinforce learning with opportunities for digital practice via links to the Mathematics in Education and Industry's (MEI) Integral platform in the Boost eBook.**To have full access to the eBook and Integral resources you must be subscribed to both Boost and Integral. To trial our eBooks and/or subscribe to Boost, visit: www.hoddereducation.com/Boost; to view samples of the Integral resources and/or subscribe to Integral, visit integralmaths.org/internationalPlease note that the Integral resources have not been through the Cambridge International endorsement process. This book covers the syllabus content for Mechanics, including forces and equilibrium, kinematics of motion in a straight line, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, and energy, work and power.

Read more less

Book Synopsis''A majestic story'' David Bodanis, Financial Times From the international bestselling author of Physics of the Impossible and Physics of the FutureThis is the story of a quest: to find a Theory of Everything. Einstein dedicated his life to seeking this elusive Holy Grail, a single, revolutionary ''god equation'' which would tie all the forces in the universe together, yet never found it. Some of the greatest minds in physics took up the search, from Stephen Hawking to Brian Greene. None have yet succeeded. In The God Equation, renowned theoretical physicist Michio Kaku takes the reader on a mind-bending ride through the twists and turns of this epic journey: a mystery that has fascinated him for most of his life. He guides us through the key debates in modern physics, from Newton''s law of gravity via relativity and quantum mechanics to the latest developments in string theory. It is a tale of dazzling breakthroughs and crushing dead ends, illuminated by Kaku''s clarity, storytelling flair and infectious enthusiasm. The object of the quest is now within sight: we are closer than ever to achieving the most ambitious undertaking in the history of science. If successful, the Theory of Everything could simultaneously unlock the deepest mysteries of space and time, and fulfil that most ancient and basic of human desires - to understand the meaning of our lives.Trade ReviewKaku elucidates esoteric mathematics with graspable, real-life illustrations, and explains how breakthroughs in theoretical physics have had a tangible impact on human experience ... The result is both mind-bending and surprisingly readable. -- Pippa Bailey * New Statesman *[Kaku] attempts to bring the dizzying concepts of multidimensional realms within reach of the general reader ... It's a majestic story, and Kaku tells it well. -- David Bodanis * Financial Times *A clear and accessible examination of the quest to combine Einstein's general relativity with quantum theory to create an all-encompassing "theory of everything" about the nature of the universe. -- Andrew Anthony * The Observer *

Read more less

Book SynopsisIt is weH known that the traditional failure criteria cannot adequately explain failures which occur at a nominal stress level considerably lower than the ultimate strength of the material. The current procedure for predicting the safe loads or safe useful life of a structural member has been evolved around the discipline oflinear fracture mechanics. This approach introduces the concept of a crack extension force which can be used to rank materials in some order of fracture resistance. The idea is to determine the largest crack that a material will tolerate without failure. Laboratory methods for characterizing the fracture toughness of many engineering materials are now available. While these test data are useful for providing some rough guidance in the choice of materials, it is not clear how they could be used in the design of a structure. The understanding of the relationship between laboratory tests and fracture design of structures is, to say the least, deficient. Fracture mechanics is presently at astandstill until the basic problems of scaling from laboratory models to fuH size structures and mixed mode crack propagation are resolved. The answers to these questions require some basic understanding ofthe theory and will not be found by testing more specimens. The current theory of fracture is inadequate for many reasons. First of aH it can only treat idealized problems where the applied load must be directed normal to the crack plane.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTheodore Gray has become a household name among fans, both young and old, of popular science and mechanics with his bestselling trilogy of books: The Elements, Molecules, and Reactions. In How Things Work, he explores the mechanical underpinnings of dozens of types of machines, from the cotton gin to the wristwatch to an industrial loom, and shares his deep, firsthand appreciation and knowledge of the world''s most essential mechanical systems. Filled with stunning original photographs by Nick Mann, How Things Work is a must-have exploration of stuff-large and small-for any builder, maker or lover of mechanical things.

Read more less

Book SynopsisSuitable for golfers, this book explains how to master different phases of the short game. It maintains that any golfer of average ability can become a deadly short-game player by approaching the subject with a blend of science and art.Trade Review"I've seen all the great players over the last 50 years, and none has had more feel, creativity or imagination in the short game than Phil Mickelson. He does a fantastic job conveying his secrets in this book." -- Butch Harmon "There's always been a lot of 'wow' with Phil's short game, but what continues to impress me is the soundness of his technique. Get ready for some excitement, because with this book your play on and around the greens is about to get a whole lot better." -- Gary McCord I've always been a great fan of Phil and his golf game, especially his play from 50 yards and in. His skills and creativity are simply unmatched. I know you will find this book helpful, both at sharpening your technique and improving your imagination -- Ben Crenshaw

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn his conversational style, Anthony Zee examines the nature of gravity and its role in our universe. Zee starts from a birthday gift that Albert Einstein received on his seventy-sixth birthday that worked on the main principle in his theory of gravity. From there Zee leads the reader through the implications of Einstein''s theory and its influence on modern physics. Einstein''s Universe in a witty and accessible style also examines how the theory of gravity has shaped our understanding of how the universe began, the development of stars and galaxies, and the nature of space itself. The new Oxford edition will include a new afterword by the author that will bring the subject matter up to date.Trade Review"An extraordinary writer: playful, inspired, and brilliant."--Publishers Weekly "Zee writes with wry, poetic humor.... It's as if he is conducting an easygoing conversation with his audience...a scientist who can clearly evoke the imagery hidden within a mathematical equation, treating some rather formidable material with enthusiasm and delight."--The New York Times "A brash, breezy, and authoritative discussion...a fascinating book."--The Washington Post "Through his engaging, conversational style, Zee...succeeds in informing while entertaining the reader with disarming stories."--The San Francisco Chronicle "Among the numerous authors who have written popularizations of contemporary physics, none is better than Zee at explaining things simply."--Library Journal "An extraordinary writer: playful, inspired, and brilliant."--Publishers Weekly "Zee writes with wry, poetic humor.... It's as if he is conducting an easygoing conversation with his audience...a scientist who can clearly evoke the imagery hidden within a mathematical equation, treating some rather formidable material with enthusiasm and delight."--The New York Times "A brash, breezy, and authoritative discussion...a fascinating book."--The Washington Post "Through his engaging, conversational style, Zee...succeeds in informing while entertaining the reader with disarming stories."--The San Francisco Chronicle "Among the numerous authors who have written popularizations of contemporary physics, none is better than Zee at explaining things simply."--Library Journal "How many times have you actually laughed out loud reading a book on physics? If your answer is 'Never!', then you should pick up a copy of An Old Man's Toy [Einstein's Universe].... Many books on physics can be very interesting, but it is rare to find one that is actually fun to read. I thoroughly enjoyed reading it and would recommend it to anyone. A. Zee has a style of writing that makes one keep turning the pages.... [The book] is interesting, playfully written, and very readable. Don't pass it up."--The Science Teacher "A. Zee is that rare creature: a physicist who knows how to tell a story. (His previous book) Fearful Symmetry was...lucid, entertaining. In this reprise, Zee is just as fascinating, and even funnier...with his prankish good humor and gifts for simplifying the complicated.... An Old Man's Toy [Einstein's Universe] is both a delightful read and a faithful yet accessible look at an avant-garde that is far more revolutionary than any downtown's club scene...it is too rare an opportunity to miss."--Life of New YorkTable of ContentsPROLOGUE: THE APPLE AND THE MOON ; I. THE RISE OF GRAVITY ; II. THE EXPANDING UNIVERSE ; III. STRUCTURES OUT OF THE VOID ; IV. THE MYSTERY OF GRAVITY

Read more less

Book SynopsisGives a physical treatment of the kinetic theory of gases and magnetoplasmas, using mean-free-path arguments when possible and identifying problem areas where received theory has either failed or fallen short of expectations. L.C. Woods has also written "The Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems".Trade Reviewthe book presents a treatment of the kinetic theory of gases and magnetoplasmas in such a way that it covers the standard material in a way as simple as possible .,.. The book seems to radiate a deep conviction - which is appreciated by the reviewer - that the development of the kinetic theory needs not only calculational skills and computational magic in evaluating the content of the theory in model arrangements, but equally, if not in excess, deep insight into the physical processes. * I. Abonyi, Besprechungsbelege, February 1994 *Table of Contents1. Basic concepts ; 2. The Maxwellian velocity distribution ; 3. Elementary kinetic theory ; 4. Particle diffusion ; 5. Intermediate kinetic theory ; 6. Advanced kinetic theory ; 7. Boltzmann's kinetic equation ; 8. Second-order kinetic theory ; 9. Dynamics of charged particles ; 10. Kinetic theory for magnetoplasmas ; 11. Transport across strong magnetic fields ; Appendix ; References ; Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents the life and personality, the scientific and philosophical work of Ludwig Boltzmann, one of the great scientists who marked the passage from 19th- to 20th-Century physics. His rich and tragic life, ending by suicide at the age of 62, is described in detail. A substantial part of the book is devoted to discussing his scientific and philosophical ideas and placing them in the context of the second half of the 19th century. The fact that Boltzmann was the man who did most to establish that there is a microscopic, atomic structure underlying macroscopic bodies is documented, as is Boltzmann''s influence on modern physics, especially through the work of Planck on light quanta and of Einstein on Brownian motion.Boltzmann was the centre of a scientific upheaval, and he has been proved right on many crucial issues. He anticipated Kuhn''s theory of scientific revolutions and proposed a theory of knowledge based on Darwin. His basic results, when properly understood, can also Trade ReviewIt is valuable, not only for the wealth and scope of information it provides, but for offering an up-to-date view, accessible to all, of Boltzmann's scientific ideas. * Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics *Carlo Cercignani has made an important contribution to our understanding of the man and his work in the context of his times... Much of the book will be interesting for the general reader. * George Fleck, The Chemical Intelligencer *I can warmly recommend the book to everybody who is interested in the history of science. * Dieter Flamm, Physics World *Table of ContentsForeword ; Preface ; Introduction ; 1. A short biography of Ludwig Boltzmann ; 2. Physics before Boltzmann ; 3. Kinetic theory before Boltzmann ; 4. The Boltzmann equation ; 5. Time irreversibility and the H-theorem ; 6. Boltzmann's relation and the statistical interpretation of entropy ; 7. Boltzmann, Gibbs and equilibrium statistical mechanics ; 8. The problem of polyatomic molecules ; 9. Boltzmann's contributions to other branches of physics ; 10. Boltzmann as a philosopher ; 11. Boltzmann and his contemporaries ; 12. The influence of Boltzmann's ideas on the science and technology of the twentieth century ; Epilogue ; Chronologys ; "A German professor's journey to Eldorado" ; Appendices

Read more less

Book SynopsisPhysics on Your Feet (2nd Edition) is a significantly expanded collection of physics problems covering the broad range of topics in classical and modern physics that were, or could have been, asked at oral PhD exams at University of California at Berkeley. The questions are easy to formulate, but some of them can only be answered using an outside-of-the box approach. Detailed solutions are provided, from which the reader is guaranteed to learn a lot about the physicists'' way of thinking. The book is also packed full of cartoons and dry humor to help take the edge off the stress and anxiety surrounding exams. This is a helpful guide for students preparing for their exams, as well as a resource for university lecturers looking for good instructive problems. No exams are necessary to enjoy the book!Trade ReviewReview from previous edition The inventive and challenging puzzles in this book are guaranteed to make you think, and they will probably also make you glad you are not encountering them on your feet in an exam! * Physics World *This practical study book for university students will help every student in the preparation of their exams. * Jan M. Broders, Optische Fenomenen *Table of Contents1: Mechanics, heat, and general physics 2: Fluids 3: Gravitation, astrophysics, cosmology 4: Electromagnetism 5: Optics 6: Quantum, atomic, and molecular 7: Nuclear and elementary-particle physics 8: Condensed-matter physics Appendix A Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic field boundary Appendix B Symbols and useful constants Free

Read more less

Book SynopsisPhysics on Your Feet (2nd Edition) is a significantly expanded collection of physics problems covering the broad range of topics in classical and modern physics that were, or could have been, asked at oral PhD exams.Trade ReviewReview from previous edition The inventive and challenging puzzles in this book are guaranteed to make you think, and they will probably also make you glad you are not encountering them on your feet in an exam! * Physics World *This practical study book for university students will help every student in the preparation of their exams. * Jan M. Broders, Optische Fenomenen *Table of Contents1: Mechanics, heat, and general physics 2: Fluids 3: Gravitation, astrophysics, cosmology 4: Electromagnetism 5: Optics 6: Quantum, atomic, and molecular 7: Nuclear and elementary-particle physics 8: Condensed-matter physics Appendix A Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic field boundary Appendix B Symbols and useful constants Free

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis textbook provides a modern introduction to linear algebra, a mathematical discipline every first year undergraduate student in physics and engineering must learn. A rigorous introduction into the mathematics is combined with many examples, solved problems, and exercises as well as scientific applications of linear algebra. These include applications to contemporary topics such as internet search, artificial intelligence, neural networks, and quantum computing, as well as a number of more advanced topics, such as Jordan normal form, singular value decomposition, and tensors, which will make it a useful reference for a more experienced practitioner. Structured into 27 chapters, it is designed as a basis for a lecture course and combines a rigorous mathematical development of the subject with a range of concisely presented scientific applications. The main text contains many examples and solved problems to help the reader develop a working knowledge of the subject and every chapter comes with exercises.Trade ReviewThe authors are uniquely well qualified to produce a textbook suitable for first-year university students. * David Matravers, University of Portsmouth *Linear Algebra is a core undergraduate course not only in Mathematics but also in Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Computer Science. This textbook brilliantly succeeds in catering to such a wide audience by covering a broad range of formal developments along with concrete applications and is unique in its presentation of the topic. * Richard Joseph Szabo, Heriot-Watt University *Lukas has written an impressive mathematical textbook that covers standard introductory linear algebra topics along with advanced concepts that will appeal to many readers. * Choice *Table of Contents1: Linearity - an informal introduction 2: Sets and functions 3: Groups 4: Fields 5: Coordinate vectors 6: Vector spaces 7: Elementary vector space properties 8: Vector subspaces 9: The dot product 10: Vector and triple product 11: Lines and planes 12: Introduction to linear maps 13: Matrices 14: The structure of linear maps 15: Linear maps in terms of matrices 16: Computing with matrices 17: Linear systems 18: Determinants 19: Basics of eigenvalues 20: Diagonalising linear maps 21: The Jordan normal form 22: Scalar products 23: Adjoint and unitary maps 24: Diagonalisation - again 25: Bi-linear and sesqui-linear forms 26: The dual vector space 27: Tensors

Read more less

Book SynopsisOne of the clearest and most straightforward texts ever published, Understanding Mechanics covers all the topics required in the single-subject A Level. It is equally appropriate for those preparing for other Mathematics examinations at A Level and for students on technical courses in further and higher education. Key Points: Principles are introduced in a simple and direct manner and all have worked examples Ample opportunity is given for practice with questions and exercises carefully graded to provide a steady progression Each chapter closes with a comprehensive selection of recent examination questions Answers are given at the back of the bookTrade ReviewA lucid text with many sets of questions... make the whole a most acceptable work. * TES *Table of Contents1. Vectors ; 2. Distance, velocity and acceleration ; 3. Force and Newton's laws ; 4. Resultants and components of forces ; 5. Equilibrium and acceleration under concurrent forces ; 6. Friction ; 7. Moments ; 8. Centre of gravity ; 9. General equilibrium of a rigid body ; 10. Resultant velocity and relative velocity ; 11. Work, energy and power ; 12. Projectiles ; 13. Circular motion ; 14. Momentum and impulse ; 15. Elasticity ; 16. Use of calculus ; 17. Simple harmonic motion ; 18. Compound bodies and frameworks

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe pendulum: a case study in physics is a unique book in several ways. Firstly, it is a comprehensive quantitative study of one physical system, the pendulum, from the viewpoint of elementary and more advanced classical physics, modern chaotic dynamics, and quantum mechanics. In addition, coupled pendulums and pendulum analogs of superconducting devices are also discussed. Secondly, this book treats the physics of the pendulum within a historical and cultural context, showing, for example, that the pendulum has been intimately connected with studies of the earth''s density, the earth''s motion, and timekeeping. While primarily a physics book, the work provides significant added interest through the use of relevant cultural and historical vignettes. This approach offers an alternative to the usual modern physics courses. The text is amply illustrated and augmented by exercises at the end of each chapter.Trade ReviewIn this well-illustrated treatment of the study of pendulum, Baker (Bryn Athyn College of the New Church) and Blackburn (Wilfrid Laurier U.) provide fascinating information about the history of the pendulum and what scientists thought it did, the revolution wrought by Foucault, the special cases of the torsion pendulum, the chaotic pendulum, the quantum pendulum, and coupled pendulums, the effects of superconductivity, and the most familiar to most of us, the pendulum clock. They include information on special interests in the appendices, such as the inverted pendulum and the longnow clock. * SciTech Book News *One of the delightful aspects of this book is its attention to historical detail. Not only does this add greatly to the enjoyment of reading it, it also gives a vivid impression of progress in our knowledge of the physical world, all too often absent in more focused and specialized works. * Contemporary Physics *The Pendulum presents insights and unusual approaches that will broaden the experience of undergraduate physics students. * Kenneth S. Krane, Physics Today *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Pendulums somewhat simple ; 3. Pendulums less simple ; 4. The Foucault pendulum ; 5. The torsion pendulum ; 6. The chaotic pendulum ; 7. Coupled pendulums ; 8. The quantum pendulum ; 9. Superconductivity and the pendulum ; 10. The pendulum clock ; A. Pendulum Q ; B. The inverted pendulum ; C. The double pendulum ; D. The cradle pendulum ; E. The long now clock ; F. The Blackburn pendulum

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade Review"An excellent book for teaching both at the undergraduate and graduate levels. It is well organized, starting with the basics and proceeding in a logical manner to more advanced topics. The authors provide some interesting and entertaining anecdotes concerning the history of the subject, as well as many current applications."--Bruce Burlton, Carleton UniversityTable of ContentsEach Chapter ends with References and Problems. Chapter 1: The n-Body Problem 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Equations of Motion for the n-Body Problem 1.3 Justification of the Two-Body Model 1.4 The Two-Body Problem 1.5 The Elliptic Orbit 1.6 Parabolic, Hyperbolic, and Rectilinear Orbits 1.7 Energy of the Orbit Chapter 2: Position in Orbit as a Function of Time 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Position and Time in an Elliptic Orbit 2.3 Solution for the Eccentric Anomaly 2.4 The f and g Functions and Series 2.5 Position versus Time in Hyperbolic and Parabolic Orbits: Universal Variables Chapter 3: The Orbit in Space 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The Orbital Elements 3.3 Determining the Orbital Elements from r and v 3.4 Velocity Hodographs Chapter 4: The Three-Body Problem 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Stationary Solutions of the Three-Body Problem 4.3 The Circular Restricted Problem 4.4 Surfaces of Zero Velocity 4.5 Stability of the Equilibrium Points 4.6 Periodic Orbits in the Restricted Case 4.7 Invariant Manifolds 4.8 Special Solutions Chapter 5: Lambert's Problem 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Transfer Orbits Between Specified Points 5.3 Lambert's Theorem 5.4 Properties of the Solutions to Lambert's Equation 5.5 The Terminal Velocity Vectors 5.6 Applications of Lambert's Equation 5.7 Multiple-Revolution Lambert Solutions Chapter 6: Rocket Dynamics 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Rocket Equation 6.3 Solution of the Rocket Equation in Field-Free Space 6.4 Solution of the Rocket Equation with External Forces 6.5 Rocket Payloads and Staging 6.6 Optimal Staging Chapter 7: Impulsive Orbit Transfer 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Impulsive Thrust Approximation 7.3 Two-Impulse Transfer Between Circular Orbits 7.4 The Hohmann Transfer 7.5 Coplanar Extensions of the Hohmann Transfer 7.6 Noncoplanar Extensions of the Hohmann Transfer 7.7 Conditions for Interception and Rendezvous Chapter 8: Continuous-Thrust Transfer 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Equation of Motion 8.3 Propellant Consumption 8.4 Quasi-Circular Orbit Transfer 8.5 The Effects of Nonconstant Mass 8.6 Optimal Quasi-Circular Orbit Transfer 8.7 Constant-Radial-Thrust Acceleration 8.8 Shifted Circular Orbits Chapter 9: Interplanetary Mission Analysis 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Sphere of Influence 9.3 Patched Conic Method 9.4 Velocity Change from Circular to Hyperbolic Orbit 9.5 Planetary Flyby (Gravity-Assist) Trajectories 9.6 Gravity-Assist Applications Chapter 10: Linear Orbit Theory 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Linearization of the Equations of Motion 10.3 The Hill-Clohessy-Wiltshire (CW) Equations 10.4 The Solution of the CW Equations 10.5 Linear Impulsive Rendezvous 10.6 State Transition Matrix for a General Conic Orbit Chapter 11: Perturbation 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The Perturbation Equations 11.3 Effect of Atmospheric Drag 11.4 Effect of Earth Oblateness 11.5 Effects of Solar-Lunar Attraction 11.6 Effect on the Orbit of the Moon Chapter 12: Canonical Systems and the Lagrange Equations 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Hamilton's Equations 12.3 Canonical Transformations 12.4 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for a Canonical Transformation 12.5 Generating Functions 12.6 Jacobi's Theorem 12.7 Canonical Equations for the Two-Body Problem 12.8 The Delaunay Variables 12.9 Average Effects of Earth Oblateness Using Delaunay Variables 12.10 Lagrange Equations Chapter 13: Perturbations Due to Nonspherical Terms in the Earth's Potential 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Effect of the Zonal Harmonic Terms 13.3 Short-Period Variations 13.4 Long-Period Variations 13.5 Variations at O(J2/2) 13.6 The Potential in Terms of Conventional Elements 13.7 Variations Due to the Tesseral Harmonics 13.8 Resonance of a Near-Geostationary Orbit Chapter 14: Orbit Determination 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Angles-Only Orbit Determination 14.3 Laplacian Initial Orbit Determination 14.4 Gaussian Initial Orbit Determination 14.5 Orbit Determination from Two Position Vectors 14.6 Differential Correction Appendix 1: Astronomical Constants Appendix 2: Physical Characteristics of the Planets Appendix 3: Elements of the Planetary Orbits Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAll atomic particles have a particular spin, analagous to the rotation of the Earth about its axis. This mysterious quality has vast practical importance to topics as wide-ranging as the stability of atoms and stars and magnetic resonance imaging. This is an accessible treatment of the subject.

Read more less

Book SynopsisCombining solved standard and original physics problems from major American universities, this book equips graduate students with the knowledge necessary to pass the qualifying examination. It covers such topics as Mechanics; Relativity; Electrodynamics; Thermodynamics; Statistical Mechanics; and Quantum Mechanics.Table of ContentsMechanics: Falling Chain. Cat and Mouse Tug of War. Cube Bouncing off Wall. CueStruck Billiard Ball. Stability on Rotating Rollers. Swan and Crawfish. Mud from Tire. Car Down Ramp Up Loop. Pulling Strings. Thru Earth Train. String Oscillations. Hovering Helicopter. Astronaut Tether. Spiral Orbit. Relativity: Marking Sticks. Rockets in Collision. Photon Box. Cube's Apparent Rotation. Relativistic Rocket. Rapidity. Charge in Constant Electric Field. Charge in Electric Field and Flashing Satellites. Uniformly Accelerated Motion. Compton Scattering. Electrodynamics: Charge Distribution. Electrostatic Forces and Scaling. Dipole Energy. Charged Conducting Sphere in Constant Electric Field. Charge and Conducting Sphere. Charge and Conducting Sphere II. Conducting Cylinder and Line Charge. Spherical Void in Dielectric. Charge and Dielectric. Dielectric Cylinder in Uniform Electric Field. 125 additional problems. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisGovernment Cryocooler Development and Test Programs.- Space Stirling Cryocooler Developments.- Long-Life Tactical and Commercial Stirling Coolers.- Long-Life Commercial Pulse Tube Coolers.- Space Pulse Tube Cryocooler Developments.- GM-Type Pulse Tube Coolers for Low Temperatures.- Hybrid Cryocoolers Using Pulse Tubes.- Pulse Tube Analysis and Experimental Measurements.- GM Refrigerator Developments.- Regenerator Analysis and Materials Developments.- Turbo-Brayton Cryocooler Developments.- J-T and Throttle-Cycle Cryocooler Developments.- Sorption Cryocooler Developments.- Sub-Kelvin Refrigerator Developments.- Optical Refrigeration Developments.- Cryocooler Reliability Investigations and Analyses.- Cryocooler Integration Technologies and Materials.- Space Cryocooler Applications.- Commercial Cryocooler Applications.Table of ContentsGovernment Cryocooler Development and Test Programs. Space Stirling Cryocooler Developments. Long Life Tactical, and Commercial Stirling Coolers. Long Life Commercial Pulse Tube Coolers. Space Pulse Tube Cryocooler Developments. GM-Type Pulse Tube Coolers for Low Temperatures. Hybrid Cryocoolers Using Pulse Tubes. Pulse Tube Analysis and Experimental Measurements. GM Refrigerator Developments. Regenerator Analysis and Materials Developments. Turbo-Brayton Cryocooler Developments. J-T and Throttle-Cycle Cryocooler Developments. Sorption Cryocooler Developments. Sub-Kelvin Refrigerator Developments. Optical Refrigeration Developments. Cryocooler Reliability Investigations and Analyses. Cryocooler Integration Technologies and Materials. Space Cryocooler Applications. Commercial Cryocooler Applications. Indexes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPulsed Systems: Design Principles.- Lumped Parameter Pulse Systems.- Pulse Generation Using Long Lines.- Physics of Pulsed Electrical Discharges.- The Vacuum Discharge.- The Pulsed Discharge in Gas.- Electrical Discharges in Liquids.- Properties of Coaxial Lines.- Solid-Insulated Coaxial Lines.- Liquid-Insulated Lines.- Vacuum Lines with Magnetic Self-Insulation.- Spark Gap Switches.- High-Pressure Gas Gaps.- Low-Pressure Spark Gaps.- Solid-State and Liquid Spark Gaps.- Generators with Plasma Closing Switches.- Generators with Gas-Discharge Switches.- Marx Generators.- Pulse Transformers.- Generators with Plasma Opening Switches.- Pulse Generators with Electrically Exploded Conductors.- Pulse Generators with Plasma Opening Switches.- Electron-Triggered Gas-Discharge Switches.- Pulse Power Generators with Solid-State Switches.- Semiconductor Closing Switches.- Semiconductor Opening Switches.- Pulse Power Generators in Circuits with Magnetic Elements.- Long Lines with Nonlinear ParameterTable of ContentsPreface Part 1: Pulsed Systems: Design Principles 1. Lumped Parameter Pulse Systems 2. Pulse Generation Using Long Lines Part 2: Physics of Pulsed Electrical Discharges 3. The Vacuum Discharge 4. The Pulsed Discharge in Gas 5. Electrical Discharges in Liquids Part 3: Properties of Coaxial Lines 6. Solid-Insulated Coaxial Lines 7. Liquid-Insulated Lines 8. Vacuum Lines with Magnetic Self-Insulation Part 4: Spark Gap Switches 9. High-Pressure Gas Gaps 10. Low-Pressure Spark Gaps 11. Solid-State and Liquid Spark Gaps Part 5: Generators with Plasma Closing Switches 12. Generators with Gas-Discharge Switches 13. Marx Generators 14. Pulse Transformers Part 6: Generators with Plasma Opening Switches 15. Pulse Generators with Electrically Exploded Conductors 16. Pulse Generators with Plasma Opening Switches 17. Electron-Triggered Gas-Discharge Switches Part 7: Pulse Power Generators with Solid-State Switches 18. Semiconductor Closing Switches 19 Semiconductor Opening Switches 20. Pulse Power Generators in Circuits with Magnetic Elements 21. Long Lines with Nonlinear Parameters Part 8: Electron Diodes and Electron-Diode-Based Accelerators 22. Large-Cross-Section Electron Beams 23. Annular Electron Beams 24. Dense Electron Beams and Their Focusing Part 9: High-Power Pulse Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation 25. High-Power X-Ray Pulses 26. High-Power Pulsed Gas Lasers 27. Generation of High-Power Pulsed Microwaves 28. Generation of Ultrawideband Radiation Pulses Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisTitle: The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and ApplicationShelving guide: Electrical EngineeringDr. Paul Slade draws from his nearly six decades of active experience to develop this second edition of The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application. This book begins by discussing the design requirements for high voltage vacuum interrupters and then the contact requirements to interrupt the vacuum arc. It then continues by describing the various applications in which the vacuum interrupter is generally utilized.Part 1 of this book begins with a detailed review of the vacuum breakdown process. It continues by covering the steps necessary for the design and the manufacture of a successful vacuum interrupter. The vacuum arc is then discussed, including how it is affected as a function of current. An overview of the development and use of practical contact materials, along with their advantagesTable of Contents1. High Voltage Vacuum Interrupter Design. 2. The Vacuum Arc. 3. The Materials, Design and Manufacture of the Vacuum Interrupter. 4. General Aspects of Vacuum Interrupter Application. 5. Application of The Vacuum Interrupter for Switching Load Currents. 6. Circuit Protection, Vacuum Circuit Breakers and Reclosers.

Read more less

Biomechanics applies the laws and techniques of mechanics in the study of biological systems and related phenomena. Biomechanics uses mathematical and computational tools such as model construction of musclo-skeletal system, body fluid circulation, to aid medical diagnosis, therapeutics and surgery planning, designing of prostheses and implants or in tissue engineering. Present book targets specific topics pertaining to the biomechanics of soft tissues. Subjects addressed includes solids and multi-species mixtures as open systems: a continuum mechanics perspective; electro-chemo-mechanical couplings: tissues with a fixed electric charge and growth of biological tissues.

Read more less

Book SynopsisI Introductory.- 1 Material constitution of rocks.- 2 Mechanical state.- 3 Change in mechanical state.- 4 Mechanical significance of structure.- II Forces in Rocks.- 5 Classes of forces.- 6 Stress on a plane.- 7 The stress ellipsoid, I.- 8 The stress ellipsoid, II.- 9 Mohr circle for stress.- 10 Tensor components of stress.- 11 Cauchy's formula, transformation of tensor components.- 12 Stress fields.- 13 Stress history.- III Deformation of Rocks.- 14 Distortion and deformation, measures of distortion.- 15 The strain ellipsoid.- 16 Mohr circle for infinitesimal strain.- 17 Mohr circle for finite strain.- 18 Displacement and deformation gradients.- 19 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, I.- 20 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, II.- 21 Tensor components of finite strain, I.- 22 Tensor components of finite strain, II.- 23 Strain fields.- 24 Strain history.- IV Topics Involving Forces and Deformation.- 25 Hookean behavior.- 26 Newtonian behavior.- 27 Energy consumed in deforTable of ContentsI Introductory.- 1 Material constitution of rocks.- 2 Mechanical state.- 3 Change in mechanical state.- 4 Mechanical significance of structure.- II Forces in Rocks.- 5 Classes of forces.- 6 Stress on a plane.- 7 The stress ellipsoid, I.- 8 The stress ellipsoid, II.- 9 Mohr circle for stress.- 10 Tensor components of stress.- 11 Cauchy’s formula, transformation of tensor components.- 12 Stress fields.- 13 Stress history.- III Deformation of Rocks.- 14 Distortion and deformation, measures of distortion.- 15 The strain ellipsoid.- 16 Mohr circle for infinitesimal strain.- 17 Mohr circle for finite strain.- 18 Displacement and deformation gradients.- 19 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, I.- 20 Tensor components of infinitesimal strain, II.- 21 Tensor components of finite strain, I.- 22 Tensor components of finite strain, II.- 23 Strain fields.- 24 Strain history.- IV Topics Involving Forces and Deformation.- 25 Hookean behavior.- 26 Newtonian behavior.- 27 Energy consumed in deformation.

Read more less

Book SynopsisPart A Solid Mechanics Topics Chap.  1 Analytical Mechanics of Solids.- Chap. 2 Materials Science for the Experimental Mechanist.- Chap. 3 Polymers and Viscoelasticity.- Chap. 4 Composite Materials.- Chap. 5 Fracture Mechanics.- Chap. 6 Active Materials.- Chap. 7 Biological Soft Tissues.- Chap. 8 Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites.- Chap. 9 MEMS and NEMS.- Chap. 10 Hybrid Methods. Chap. 11 Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data.Part B Contact Methods Chap. 12 Electrical Resistance Strain Gages.- Chap. 13 Extensometers.- Chap. 14 Fiber Strain Gages.- Chap. 15 Residual Stress Measurement.- Chap. 16 Nanoindentation.- Chap. 17 Atomic Force Microscopy.Part C Noncontact Methods Chap. 18 Basics of Optics.- Chap. 19 Image Analysis and Processing.- Chap. 20 Digital Image Correlation.- Chap. 21 Geometric Moiré.- Chap. 22 Moiré Interferometry.- Chap. 23 Speckle Methods.- Chap. 24Table of ContentsPart A Solid Mechanics Topics Part A presents topics that fall within the purview of solid mechanics. The first five chapters cover familiar ground, but the next four present new material systems along with the new topics of MEMS and NEMS. The last two chapters describe methods of interpreting the results of tests.Chap. 1 Analytical Mechanics of Solids Chap. 2 Materials Science for the Experimental Mechanist Chap. 3 Polymers and ViscoelasticityChap. 4 Composite MaterialsChap. 5 Fracture MechanicsChap. 6 Active MaterialsChap. 7 Biological Soft Tissues Chap. 8 Ionic Polymer-Metal CompositesChap. 9 MEMS and NEMSChap. 10 Hybrid MethodsChap. 11 Statistical Analysis of Experimental DataPart B Contact Methods Part B starts with three practical chapters on the ‘backbones’ of experimental solid mechanics – strain gages and extensometers – followed by another mainstay – residual stress measurement. Nanoindentation is becoming more widely used for material property determination as is atomic force microscopy.Chap. 12 Electrical Resistance Strain GagesChap. 13 ExtensometersChap. 14 Fiber Strain GagesChap. 15 Residual Stress MeasurementChap. 16 NanoindentationChap. 17 Atomic Force MicroscopyPart C Noncontact Methods Part C is an overview of the rich field of optical methods in the first eight chapters ranging from modern versions of established such as photoelasticity to newer ones based on image analysis. Non-contacting methods at other wavelengths are described in the last three chapters.Chap. 18 Basics of OpticsChap. 19 Image Analysis and ProcessingChap. 20 Digital Image CorrelationChap. 21 Geometric MoiréChap. 22 Moiré InterferometryChap. 23 Speckle MethodsChap. 24 HolographyChap. 25 PhotoelasticityChap. 26 Thermoelastic Stress AnalysisChap. 27 Photoacoustic Characterization of MaterialsChap. 28 X-Ray Stress AnalysisPart D ApplicationsPart D presents applications of the methods and topics of the three previous parts to selected topics – all of which are new and important areas of modern technology. These are examples that demonstrate the breadth and depth of experimental solid mechanics.Chap. 29 Optical MethodsChap. 30 Mechanical Testing at the Micro/Nano ScaleChap. 31 Biological Tissue TestingChap. 32 Biomedical Devices and Biologically Inspired MaterialsChap. 33 High Strain Rate and Impact TestingChap. 34 Delamination MechanicsChap. 35 Structural Testing ApplicationsChap. 36 Electronic PackagingAbout the Authors.- Subject Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisClearly written in a conceptual language, it provides readers with an understanding of the dynamic behavior of the instrument, including structural and component dynamics, and various analytical models, such as discrete, finite element, and boundary element models.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews: „…[This is the only book] that deals with the engineering aspects of guitars. Thus it serves a real need for scientifically-oriented guitar makers and aficionados as well as those interested in a broad overview of the world of guitars… The overall broad view of the book makes good reading for those interested in the myriad details involve in constructing a string instrument and then evaluating it scientifically, as the author’s personal building experience and knowledge of a wide variety of guitar construction techniques are put to good use… a significant, commendable addition to the guitar literature in a very broad-ranging book on a very important string instrument."George Bissinger, East Carolina University, EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES (May-June 2009)“French discusses whether the math models are … sufficient to capture the features of acoustic responses that are highly correlated with good sound quality. In conclusion … this book will help luthiers at all levels think more clearly about how to successfully manufacture guitars of high sound quality. The book … particularly valuable to students of guitar construction and repair. For the rest of us, this book makes interesting reading.” (Leo Beranek, International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 14 (2), 2009)“Why do guitars sound like they do, and how do you set about making one? These are central questions addressed … in this attractive new book. … The book is well written, and generously illustrated with interesting … graphs. … a unique and special addition to the literature, and it deserves to be widely read. For anyone contemplating construction of a guitar it will surely be indispensible. Physicists and engineers with musical inclinations, as well as guitar players … are likely to be fascinated.” (Peter V. E. McClintock, Contemporary Physics, Vol. 51 (6), 2010)Table of ContentsHistory of the Guitar.- Acoustics and Musical Theory.- Structure of the Guitar.- Dynamic Behavior.- Analytical Models.- Manufacturing Processes.- Sound Quality.- Guitar Electronics.- Unique Characteristics.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis monograph presents a general mathematical theory for biological growth. The author herein presents the first major technical monograph on the problem of growth since D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson’s 1917 book On Growth and Form.The emphasis of the book is on the proper mathematical formulation of growth kinematics and mechanics.Trade Review“Goriely’s book is self-contained and provides sufficient review of the background material necessary to understand the mathematics employed in the study of phenomena he describes. … Overall, the text is well written, richly illustrated, and enjoyable to read, although the monograph is lengthy. I applaud Prof. Goriely on his impressive text.” (Bhargav Karamched, SIAM Review, Vol. 61 (1), March, 2019)“The book grasps the conceptual and technical aspects underpinning the role of mechanics in the growth of biological tissues. It is the first major modern monograph on the subject, which synthesizes the research activity in this vivid field of the mathematics and mechanics of growth since now more than two decades. … The monograph is overall well-structured and rich in illustrations and will be accessible and appealing to readers with different interest and background, including life scientists … .” (Jean-François Ganghoffer, Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics JGSP, Vol. 49, 2018)“The book is very informative, it is written in an easy readable and intriguing way. It has a large reference list of 1369 bibliographic descriptions and a carefully prepared index. The book should be helpful for researchers who work in the multidisciplinary fields of theoretical biology, biomechanics, biomedical engineering, biophysics and applied mathematics.” (Svetoslav Markov, zbMATH 1398.92003, 2018)Table of ContentsBasic aspects of growth.- Mechanics and growth.- Discrete computational models.- Growing on a line.- Elastic rods.- Morphoelastic rods.- Accretive growth.- Membranes and shells.- Growing membranes.- Morphoelastic plates.- Nonlinear elasticity.- The kinematics of growth.- Balance laws.- Evolution laws and stability.- Growing spheres.- Growing cylinders.- Ten challenges.- References.- Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisRevised and updated, it includes expanded discussions of * the fundamentals of geostrophic turbulence * the theory of wave-mean flow interaction * thermocline theory * finite amplitude barocline instability.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews"The author has done a masterful job in presenting the theory with the necessary mathematical foundation, while keeping the physical aspects in clear view ... it is an outstanding introduction to a complex and important subject." (GEOPHYSICS)Table of ContentsPreliminaries * Fundamentals * Inviscid Shallow-Water Theory * Friction and Viscous Flow * Homogeneous Models of the Wind-Driven Oceanic Circulation * Quasigeostrophic Motion of a Stratified Fluid on a Sphere * Instability Theory * Ageostrophic Motion

Read more less

Book Synopsis1 Martingales, Stopping Times, and Filtrations.- 1.1. Stochastic Processes and ?-Fields.- 1.2. Stopping Times.- 1.3. Continuous-Time Martingales.- 1.4. The DoobMeyer Decomposition.- 1.5. Continuous, Square-Integrable Martingales.- 1.6. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 1.7. Notes.- 2 Brownian Motion.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. First Construction of Brownian Motion.- 2.3. Second Construction of Brownian Motion.- 2.4. The SpaceC[0, ?), Weak Convergence, and Wiener Measure.- 2.5. The Markov Property.- 2.6. The Strong Markov Property and the Reflection Principle.- 2.7. Brownian Filtrations.- 2.8. Computations Based on Passage Times.- 2.9. The Brownian Sample Paths.- 2.10. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 2.11. Notes.- 3 Stochastic Integration.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Construction of the Stochastic Integral.- 3.3. The Change-of-Variable Formula.- 3.4. Representations of Continuous Martingales in Terms of Brownian Motion.- 3.5. The Girsanov Theorem.- 3.6. Local Time and a Generalized Itô Rule for Brownian Motion.- 3.7. Local Time for Continuous Semimartingales.- 3.8. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 3.9. Notes.- 4 Brownian Motion and Partial Differential Equations.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Harmonic Functions and the Dirichlet Problem.- 4.3. The One-Dimensional Heat Equation.- 4.4. The Formulas of Feynman and Kac.- 4.5. Solutions to selected problems.- 4.6. Notes.- 5 Stochastic Differential Equations.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Strong Solutions.- 5.3. Weak Solutions.- 5.4. The Martingale Problem of Stroock and Varadhan.- 5.5. A Study of the One-Dimensional Case.- 5.6. Linear Equations.- 5.7. Connections with Partial Differential Equations.- 5.8. Applications to Economics.- 5.9. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 5.10. Notes.- 6 P. Lévy's Theory of Brownian Local Time.-6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Alternate Representations of Brownian Local Time.- 6.3. Two Independent Reflected Brownian Motions.- 6.4. Elastic Brownian Motion.- 6.5. An Application: Transition Probabilities of Brownian Motion with Two-Valued Drift.- 6.6. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 6.7. Notes.Trade ReviewSecond Edition I. Karatzas and S.E. Shreve Brownian Motion and Stochastic Calculus "A valuable book for every graduate student studying stochastic process, and for those who are interested in pure and applied probability. The authors have done a good job."—MATHEMATICAL REVIEWSTable of Contents1 Martingales, Stopping Times, and Filtrations.- 1.1. Stochastic Processes and ?-Fields.- 1.2. Stopping Times.- 1.3. Continuous-Time Martingales.- A. Fundamental inequalities.- B. Convergence results.- C. The optional sampling theorem.- 1.4. The Doob—Meyer Decomposition.- 1.5. Continuous, Square-Integrable Martingales.- 1.6. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 1.7. Notes.- 2 Brownian Motion.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. First Construction of Brownian Motion.- A. The consistency theorem.- B. The Kolmogorov—?entsov theorem.- 2.3. Second Construction of Brownian Motion.- 2.4. The SpaceC[0, ?), Weak Convergence, and Wiener Measure.- A. Weak convergence.- B. Tightness.- C. Convergence of finite-dimensional distributions.- D. The invariance principle and the Wiener measure.- 2.5. The Markov Property.- A. Brownian motion in several dimensions.- B. Markov processes and Markov families.- C. Equivalent formulations of the Markov property.- 2.6. The Strong Markov Property and the Reflection Principle.- A. The reflection principle.- B. Strong Markov processes and families.- C. The strong Markov property for Brownian motion.- 2.7. Brownian Filtrations.- A. Right-continuity of the augmented filtration for a strong Markov process.- B. A “universal” filtration.- C. The Blumenthal zero-one law.- 2.8. Computations Based on Passage Times.- A. Brownian motion and its running maximum.- B. Brownian motion on a half-line.- C. Brownian motion on a finite interval.- D. Distributions involving last exit times.- 2.9. The Brownian Sample Paths.- A. Elementary properties.- B. The zero set and the quadratic variation.- C. Local maxima and points of increase.- D. Nowhere differentiability.- E. Law of the iterated logarithm.- F. Modulus of continuity.- 2.10. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 2.11. Notes.- 3 Stochastic Integration.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Construction of the Stochastic Integral.- A. Simple processes and approximations.- B. Construction and elementary properties of the integral.- C. A characterization of the integral.- D. Integration with respect to continuous, local martingales.- 3.3. The Change-of-Variable Formula.- A. The Itô rule.- B. Martingale characterization of Brownian motion.- C. Bessel processes, questions of recurrence.- D. Martingale moment inequalities.- E. Supplementary exercises.- 3.4. Representations of Continuous Martingales in Terms of Brownian Motion.- A. Continuous local martingales as stochastic integrals with respect to Brownian motion.- B. Continuous local martingales as time-changed Brownian motions.- C. A theorem of F. B. Knight.- D. Brownian martingales as stochastic integrals.- E. Brownian functionals as stochastic integrals.- 3.5. The Girsanov Theorem.- A. The basic result.- B. Proof and ramifications.- C. Brownian motion with drift.- D. The Novikov condition.- 3.6. Local Time and a Generalized Itô Rule for Brownian Motion.- A. Definition of local time and the Tanaka formula.- B. The Trotter existence theorem.- C. Reflected Brownian motion and the Skorohod equation.- D. A generalized Itô rule for convex functions.- E. The Engelbert—Schmidt zero-one law.- 3.7. Local Time for Continuous Semimartingales.- 3.8. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 3.9. Notes.- 4 Brownian Motion and Partial Differential Equations.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Harmonic Functions and the Dirichlet Problem.- A. The mean-value property.- B. The Dirichlet problem.- C. Conditions for regularity.- D. Integral formulas of Poisson.- E. Supplementary exercises.- 4.3. The One-Dimensional Heat Equation.- A. The Tychonoff uniqueness theorem.- B. Nonnegative solutions of the heat equation.- C. Boundary crossing probabilities for Brownian motion.- D. Mixed initial/boundary value problems.- 4.4. The Formulas of Feynman and Kac.- A. The multidimensional formula.- B. The one-dimensional formula.- 4.5. Solutions to selected problems.- 4.6. Notes.- 5 Stochastic Differential Equations.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Strong Solutions.- A. Definitions.- B. The Itô theory.- C. Comparison results and other refinements.- D. Approximations of stochastic differential equations.- E. Supplementary exercises.- 5.3. Weak Solutions.- A. Two notions of uniqueness.- B. Weak solutions by means of the Girsanov theorem.- C. A digression on regular conditional probabilities.- D. Results of Yamada and Watanabe on weak and strong solutions.- 5.4. The Martingale Problem of Stroock and Varadhan.- A. Some fundamental martingales.- B. Weak solutions and martingale problems.- C. Well-posedness and the strong Markov property.- D. Questions of existence.- E. Questions of uniqueness.- F. Supplementary exercises.- 5.5. A Study of the One-Dimensional Case.- A. The method of time change.- B. The method of removal of drift.- C. Feller’s test for explosions.- D. Supplementary exercises.- 5.6. Linear Equations.- A. Gauss—Markov processes.- B. Brownian bridge.- C. The general, one-dimensional, linear equation.- D. Supplementary exercises.- 5.7. Connections with Partial Differential Equations.- A. The Dirichlet problem.- B. The Cauchy problem and a Feynman—Kac representation.- C. Supplementary exercises.- 5.8. Applications to Economics.- A. Portfolio and consumption processes.- B. Option pricing.- C. Optimal consumption and investment (general theory).- D. Optimal consumption and investment (constant coefficients).- 5.9. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 5.10. Notes.- 6 P. Lévy’s Theory of Brownian Local Time.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Alternate Representations of Brownian Local Time.- A. The process of passage times.- B. Poisson random measures.- C. Subordinators.- D. The process of passage times revisited.- E. The excursion and downcrossing representations of local time.- 6.3. Two Independent Reflected Brownian Motions.- A. The positive and negative parts of a Brownian motion.- B. The first formula of D. Williams.- C. The joint density of (W(t), L(t), ? +(t)).- 6.4. Elastic Brownian Motion.- A. The Feynman—Kac formulas for elastic Brownian motion.- B. The Ray—Knight description of local time.- C. The second formula of D. Williams.- 6.5. An Application: Transition Probabilities of Brownian Motion with Two-Valued Drift.- 6.6. Solutions to Selected Problems.- 6.7. Notes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe text illustrates the physical background and motivation for some constructions used in recent mathematical and numerical work on the Navier- Stokes equations and on hyperbolic systems, so as to interest students in this at once beautiful and difficult subject.Trade Review From the reviews: "… The book contains some of the basic ideas of fluid mechanics in a mathematically attractive manner...has the very advantage of providing the solution of the differential equations using the new and modern techniques...the material is very well presented both the mathematical arguments as well as the physical input." PhysicaliaTable of ContentsPreface.- 1. The Equations of Motion: 1.1. Euler's Equations. 1.2. Rotation and Vorticity. 1.3. The Navier-Stokes Equations.- 2. Potential Flow and Slightly Viscous Flow: 2.1. Potential Flow. 2.2. Boundary Layers. 2.3. Vortex Sheets. 2.4. Remarks on Stability and Bifurcation.- 3. Gas Flow in One Dimension: 3.1. Characteristics. 3.2. Shocks. 3.3. The Riemann Problem. 3.4. Combustion Waves.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis unique volume introduces the reader to the mathematical language for complex systems and is ideal for students who are starting out in the study of stochastical dynamical systems. Unlike other books in the field, it covers a broad array of stochastic and statistical methods.Table of ContentsFrom the Contents: Stochastic Processes and Complex Systems/ Random Variables/ Analysis of Stationary Data/ Deduction of Models from Data/ Classification Methods/ Basic Equations for Stochastic Processes/ Master Equations/ Numerical Methods for the Solution of Master Equations/ Stochastic Differential Equations: Analytical Procedures/ Numerical Methods for Stochastic Differential Equations/ Functional Integrals in Stochastics/ Perturbation Theory and Approximations that Go Further/ Time Series/ Linear Models for Stochastic Processes

Read more less

Book SynopsisFriction and Wear of Materials Second Edition Written by one of the world''s foremost authorities on friction, this classic book offers a lucid presentation of the theory of mechanical surface interactions as it applies to friction, wear, adhesion, and boundary lubrication. To aid engineers in design decisions, Friction and Wear of Materials evaluates the properties of materials which, under specified conditions, cause one material to function better as a bearing material than another. Featured also are thorough treatments of lubricants and the sizes and shapes of wear particles. This updated Second Edition includes new material on erosive wear, impact wear, and friction. Professor Rabinowicz''s book will be especially welcomed by mechanical and design engineers, surface scientists, tribologists and others who design, produce and operate products, machines and equipment which involve friction and its effects.Table of ContentsMaterial Properties That Influence Surface Interactions. Surface Interactions. Friction. Types of Wear. Adhesive Wear. Abrasive and Other Types of Wear. Lubrication. Adhesion. Appendix. Sample Problems. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis text enables the reader to discuss everyday scientific topics in terms of the basic properties of the atoms, molecules, and polymer chains that go to make up a material. It also discusses the interactions between these fundamental building blocks.Trade Review"the book is a valuable contribution to understanding the behavior of solids, liquids and gases..." --Colloid Polymer Science, June 2000 "An achievement of the author is the presentation of such sophisticated material in an interesting way." --High Temperatures - High Pressures, Vol 32/4, 2000Table of ContentsDescribing Macroscopic Systems. Thermodynamics. Résumé of Classical Mechanics. Modeling Simple Solids (i). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. Electric Multipoles, Polarizabilities and Intermolecular Forces. Some Statistical Ideas. Applications of the Boltzmann Distribution. Modeling Simple Solids (ii). Molecular Mechanics. Molecular Dynamics and Monte Carlo Techniques. The Ideal Monatomic Gas. Quantum Gases. Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics. Modeling Atoms. Diatomics. Quantum Modeling of Larger Systems. Describing Electron Correlation. The Band Theory of Solids. Modeling Polymeric Materials. Modeling Liquids. Appendices. Suggestions for Further Reading. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn excellent refresher volume as well as a classic introductory text, this book features hundreds of applications and design problems that illuminate fundamentals of trusses, loaded beams and cables, and related areas. Includes 334 answered problems.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDescribes the acceleration, deceleration, and inertial movement; fluid dynamics; and the motions of the earth, moon, planets, and comets. This title deals with the fundamental three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity, and more. It is suitable for scientists, scholars, and students.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDescribes the acceleration, deceleration, and inertial movement; fluid dynamics; and the motions of the earth, moon, planets, and comets. This title deals with the fundamental three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity. It is suitable for scientists, scholars, and students.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis 2006 book is intended for undergraduate courses in dynamics. The work is a unique blend of conceptual, theoretical, and practical aspects of dynamics generally not found in dynamics books at the undergraduate level. In particular, in this book the concepts are developed in a highly rigorous manner and are applied to examples using a step-by-step approach that is completely consistent with the theory. In addition, for clarity, the notation used to develop the theory is identical to that used to solve example problems. The result of this approach is that a student is able to see clearly the connection between the theory and the application of theory to example problems. While the material is not new, instructors and their students will appreciate the highly pedagogical approach that aids in the mastery and retention of concepts. The approach used in this book teaches a student to develop a systematic approach to problem-solving.Trade Review“The book leads students from first principles through problem solving. It includes lots of detailed solutions to example problems, a wide range of possible homework problems, and beautiful figures and diagrams. The prose flows smoothly and is written with clarity.” Choice"All examples are worked in detail, are tied in well with the text, and are accompanied by excellent illustrations. These examples are a great aid to learning the material and will leave the student in good shape for solving the complex problems that will come up in the 'real world'." Mark D. Ardema, Santa Clara University, SIAM ReviewTable of Contents1. Introductory concepts; 2. Kinematics; 3. Kinetics of particles; 4. Kinetics of a system of particles; 5. Kinetics of rigid bodies; A. Principal-axis moments of inertia of homogeneous bodies; B. Identities, derivatives, integrals and gradient; C. Answers to selected problems; Bibliography.

Read more less

Book SynopsisTo commemorate the 300th anniversary of the publication of Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Stephen Hawking and Werner Israel have assembled a series of unique review papers by many of the world's foremost researchers in cosmology, relativity and particle physics. The resulting volume reflects the significant and exciting advances that have been made in these fields since the editor's acclaimed volume published in 1979: General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey. Newton's immense contribution to the physical sciences is assessed, and its relevance to today's physics made clear. The international contributors then chart the major developments in the study of gravitation, from Newtonian gravity to black hole physics. In the fields of galaxy formation, inflationary and quantum cosmology, and superstring unification, the book provides important overviews written by workers involved in many of the advances described. By shaping such a wide-ranging and scholTrade Review"...the papers in this collection show us that it [the study of gravitation] is exciting, provocative and stimulating..." Physics Today"..[I] have not found a comparable compilation of valuable information on the current status of general relativity." American ScientistTable of ContentsPreface; 1. Newton's Principia S. W. Hawking; 2. Newtonianism and today's physics S. Weinberg; 3. Newton, quantum theory and reality R. Penrose; 4. Experiments on gravitation A. H. Cook; 5. Experimental gravitation from Newton's Principia to Einstein's general relativity C. M. Will; 6. The problem of motion in Newtonian and Einsteinian gravity T. Damour; 7. Dark stars: the evolution of an idea W. Israel; 8. Astrophysical black holes R. D. Blandford; 9. Gravitational radiation K. S. Thorne; 10. The emergence of structure in the universe: galaxy formation and dark matter M. J. Rees; 11. Gravitational interactions of cosmic strings A. Vilenkin; 12. Inflationary cosmology S. K. Blau and A. H. Guth; 13. Inflation and quantum cosmology A. Linde; 14. Quantum cosmology S. W. Hawking; 15. Superstring unification J. H. Schwartz; 16. Covariant description of canonical formalism in geometrical theories C. Crnkowic and E. Witten; Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA consolidated treatment of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics that stresses the universal status of the basic balances and the entropy imbalance. The Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Continua is written for engineers, physicists and mathematicians.Trade Review"The monograph presents a detailed and complete treatment of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics" - Ion Nistor, Mathematical ReviewsTable of ContentsPart I. Vector and Tensor Algebra; Part II. Vector and Tensor Analysis; Part III. Kinematics; Part IV. Basic Mechanical Principles; Part V. Basic Thermodynamical Principles; Part VI. Mechanical and Thermodynamical Laws at a Shock Wave; Part VII. Basic Requirements for Developing Physically Meaningful Constitutive Theories; Part VIII. Rigid Heat Conductors; Part IX. The Mechanical Theory of Compressible and Incompressible Fluids; Part X. Mechanical Theory of Elastic Solids; Part XI. Thermoelasticity; Part XII. Species Diffusion Coupled to Elasticity; Part XIII. Theory of Isotropic Plastic Solids Undergoing Small Deformations; Part XIV. Small Deformation, Isotropic Plasticity Based on the Principle of Virtual Power; Part XV. Small Deformation, Isotropic Plasticity Based on the Principle of Virtual Power; Part XVI. Large-Deformation Theory of Isotropic Plastic Solids; Part XVII. Theory of Single Crystals Undergoing Small Deformations; Part XVIII. Single Crystals Undergoing Large Deformations.

Read more less