Central / national / federal government Books

Book SynopsisThis open access book examines data governance and its implications for policymaking in Africa. Bringing together economists, lawyers, statisticians, and technology experts, it assesses gaps in both the availability and use of existing data across the continent, and argues that data creation, management and governance need to improve if private and public sectors are to reap the benefits of big data and digital technologies. It also considers lessons from across the globe to assess principles, norms and practices that can guide the development of data governance in Africa. The book will appeal to scholars and students of data governance, technology and public policy, as well as practitioners and policy makers. Table of ContentsChapter 1: IntroductionChapter 2: A Prototype Data Governance Framework for AfricaChapter 3: A Value Chain Approach to Data Production, Use and Governance for Sound Policy Making in Africa Chapter 4: Data Protection Legal Regime and Data Governance in Africa: An OverviewChapter 5: Data Regulation in Africa: Free Flow of Data, Open Data Regimes and Cyber SecurityChapter 6: Digitalisation and Financial Data Governance in Africa: Challenges and OpportunitiesChapter 7: More Than Just a Policy - Day to Day Effects of Data Governance on the Data ScientistChapter 8: The Economics of Blockchain Within AfricaChapter 9: Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book examines law and governance implications in relation to maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS). Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, it focuses on a wide array of timely, topical and thorny issues, including naval warfare and security, seaworthiness and techno-regulatory assessments, global environmental change, autonomous passenger transportation, as well as liability and insurance. It also considers selected national and regional developments. The book provides an insight into the role of innovation-diplomacy as the driving force that could expedite the transition from automation to autonomy. After navigating through the complex law and governance landscape, it concludes by assessing critical findings for further consideration. The book will appeal to scholars and students of maritime technology, law and governance.Chapter 11 and Chapter 18 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction to Autonomous Vessels in Maritime Affairs: Law & Governance Implications. - Part I: Setting the Scene. - Chapter 2 Innovate or Fade – Introducing Ocean Innovation Diplomacy to the Maritime Sector. - Chapter 3 Evolution of IMO’s MASS: Through the Prism of the Chair. - Part II: Naval Warfare & Security. - Chapter 4 Advent of a New Era in Naval Warfare: Autonomous and Unmanned Systems Advent. - Chapter 5 Maritime Security in the Age of Autonomous Ships. - Part III: Safety & Seaworthiness. - Chapter 6 Designing Norms for Autonomous Ships: The Obligation to Call for Help and the Duty to Save Life in Danger at Sea. - Chapter 7 Why Compromise? Safety and Seaworthiness Challenges of MASS in the Shipping and Port Sector. - Chapter 8 How to Ensure Safe Navigation: Navigation Safety Regulation in MASS. - Part IV: Global Environmental Change. - Chapter 9 Autonomous Vessels in the Era of Global Environmental Change. - Part V: Autonomous Passenger Transportation. - Chapter 10 Autonomous Urban Passenger Ferries – A New Mobility Mode in Need of Appropriate Regulation. - Chapter 11 New Design Solutions and Procedures for Ensuring Meaningful Human Control and Interaction with Autonomy: Automated Ferries in Profile. - Part VI: Liability & Insurance. - Chapter 12 Autonomy, Autonomous Shipping & Coastal Authorities’ Concerns. - Chapter 13 Remote Control: Remote Risk of Liability? - Vicarious Liability for Remotely Controlled Vessels in Scandinavian and English Law. - Chapter 14 Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS): Precarious Legal Position of the Shore-Based Remote Controller. - Chapter 15 Under Review Navigating the Turbulent Waters of Liability: Making the Case for the Application of Risk-Management Based Liability Approach to Autonomous Vessels. - Chapter 16 Insurance of Marine Autonomous Surface Ships: Risk Allocation, Seaworthiness and Technological Challenges from an Underwriter Perspective. - Part VII: Selected National & Regional Developments. - Chapter 17 Selected Industry Issues Regarding Autonomous Vessels: The Canadian Perspective. - Chapter 18 The Societal Impacts of Autonomous Ships: The Norwegian Perspective. - Chapter 19 US Perspectives on Regulating Maritime Autonomy. - Part VIII: Selected National & Regional Developments. - Chapter 20 Autonomous Ships: Where is It Going from Here?

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a conceptual and methodological approach for researchers evaluating governance and policy in the face of complexity, and demonstrates the application of this approach across different governance and policy contexts. It fills a significant gap in the literature on governance, and proposes a theoretical focus on coordination to enable the assessment of multi-tier, cross-sector governance institutions and policy. It also introduces a range of applications for the proposed approach, including two case studies of governance and policy for the built environment and health services. The book introduces, analyses and draws from a range of perspectives in political economy, political science, policy analysis and evaluation. It also engages with longstanding debates in political economy about states and markets, which are largely overlooked by political science analyses of coordination challenges in governance. The book will appeal to scholars and students of governance, public policy and political science.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction. - Chapter 2. Governance, markets and institutional analysis. - Chapter 3. The challenge of coordination. - Chapter 4. Policy goals and knowledge. - Chapter 5. Coordination beyond the market. - Chapter 6. Scales of governance. - Chapter 7. Evaluating coordinative effectiveness. - Chapter 8. Case studies and Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book challenges the notion that bigger local government is always better. Whilst the central government in Britain has often supported increases in local government size, the book argues that this has been detrimental, and has caused the erosion of distinctive community identities that were previously represented by local authorities empowered to make significant local choices about services and future strategy. Drawing from national and international evidence, it offers an alternative narrative about the size, role, function and purpose of local government to that currently dominating policy discussion. It aims to provide readers who oppose size increases in local government with the evidence and arguments to influence change in their areas. The book will appeal to policymakers working in central and local government, as well as academics interested in public policy, public administration and local government.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Setting the Scene.Chapter 2: The Way Things Used to Be.Chapter 3: Reorganisation, Reorganisation, Reorganisation: The Changing Map of Local Government.Chapter 4: Explaining the Persistence of the Unitary Principle in the Department’s Mindset.Chapter 5: A Strange Affair: Local Government Reorganisation in Northamptonshire 2018-21—A Case Study.Chapter 6: Doomsday Approaches and then Recedes.Chapter 7: What is the Problem About Two-Tier Local Government?Chapter 8: Why Bigger is Not BetterChapter 9: Where Do We Go from Here?

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Book SynopsisThe first quarter of the 21st century introduced the world to rapid uncertainty, be it the social-political and financial crises, or pandemics, or the shaking up of well-established democracies with an increasing rise in populism. At the same time, the technological promise has taken off with automation, artificial intelligence, and nanotechnologies increasingly becoming an economic reality. This open-access book brings together experts of specific domains, through the windows of their experience, and in a crowdsourced fashion, to analyze these world developments to develop an overall view, a compelling case of what we should be prepared for, as we march towards 2050. Topics covered include the future of leadership, the future of solving global challenges, and designing a way of life in harmony with nature. Other topics include disruptive entrepreneurship, the relevance of geographical borders, game-changing future innovations, education, and networked learning, interplanetary travel, and communication. The book also places an importance on the role of empathy, mindfulness, presence, and sharing becoming the anchors for future decision-making by 2050. Of general interest to anyone eager to understand the future of the world, this book is particularly useful for planners, policymakers, strategists and entrepreneurs.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Introduction to the WORLD 50.0 MovementChapter 2. Future of Leadership Chapter 3. Future of Governments, Politics and Democracy Chapter 4. Future of Geopolitics Chapter 5. Future of Healthcare Chapter 6. Future of Energy Chapter 7. Future of Climate Change Chapter 8. Future of Transportation Chapter 9. Future of Communication and Interaction Chapter 10. Future of Sex and Gender Chapter 11. Future of Consumption Chapter 12. Future of Food Chapter 13. Future of Families Chapter 14. Future of Homes Chapter 15. Future of Work and Business Chapter 16. Future of Learning and Education Chapter 17. Future of Religion Chapter 18. Future of Entertainment Chapter 19. Resetting the Future: World 50.0 Annex I - What is your Future Intelligence (FQ)?

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Book SynopsisThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Government and the Information Systems Perspective, EGOVIS 2023, which took place in Penang, Malaysia, during August 28-30, 2023.The 8 full papers presented together with 1 short paper were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 17 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: e-Government; strategy; artificial intelligence.Table of Contentse-Government.- NSFASonto: An Ontology for South African National Student Financial Aid Scheme Operations.- The Utilization of Public-Private Partnership Frameworks in the Management of eID Projects.- Strategy.- OntoSBehaviour: An Ontology of Students’ Behaviours at Institutions of Higher Learning.- Public Health Data and International Privacy Rules and Practices: A Case Study of Singapore.- Sentiment Analysis Application in E-Commerce Current Models and Future Directions.- Artificial Intelligence.- Evolving Justice Sector: An Innovative Proposal for Introducing AI-based Techniques in Court Offices.- Ontology-Driven Parliamentary Analytics: Analysing Political Debates on COVID-19 Impact in Canada.- Hybrid AI Analysis of the drug micro-trafficking in Italy.- Exploring the Potential of AI & MDL for Enhancing E-Government Services: A review paper.

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Book SynopsisThis book analyses Member States’ and EU neighbours’ national visions for the enlargement of the European Union (EU), highlighting 41 national histories, policies, and corresponding public perceptions of European integration. In a geopolitical context in which Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine has renewed the impetus for EU enlargement, national views vary considerably on the timing, conditions, and reforms necessary to welcome Eastern neighbours and the Western Balkans countries into the European family. Moreover, EU enlargement policy is not only an investment in peace and stability; it has also become a political tool in response to the exploitation of interdependencies and illiberal pressures. This book presents concrete policy recommendations to national governments and the EU on how to move forward productively.Table of Contents Enlarging and reforming the European Union - An Austrian perspective Belgium: If the enlargement process is broken, then fix it Bulgaria's attitude towards EU enlargement Croatia: Between proclaimed enthusiasm and reality on the ground The national debate in Cyprus on the future of EU enlargement policy The Czech Approach to EU Enlargement: Full Steam Ahead! Denmark: Two or three recent shifts and the problem of favouring stability and security over democratisation Estonia: definitely positive about enlargements Finland and EU enlargement What French infuriating reluctance reveals Germany and EU enlargement (title TBC) Greece, EU enlargement and the ‘ Thessaloniki promise‘ Enlargement at all costs? Hungarian visions for the political agenda of the EU towards the Eastern Neighborhood and the Western Balkans Ireland and EU enlargement (title TBC) Beyond ‘Enlargement Fatigue’– A View from Rome on the Future of Europe Head and Heart in the Right Place: Latvia on the EU Enlargement Lithuania’s strong support for EU’s "open door“ policy – how to cope with getting what you aimed for? Luxembourg: Get ready to enlarge Malta and Enlargement – Supportive but Not Engaged Direction East – Polish views on EU’s Enlargement Policy Portugal: Nobody talks about enlargement Romania’s constant support for the enlargement process. A proof of investment in European values Slovakia’s Approach to EU Enlargement: From Strategic Passivity to Declaratory Supporter Slovenia: a Strong Defender of Western Balkan Enlargement Spain: A country in favour of enlargement, but of low performance Sweden and EU enlargement: A strong supporter walking a fine line Strict, fair, engaged.... and still without a vision? A view from the Netherlands on EU enlargement, the western Balkans and the Eastern neighbourhood What's holding back Albania? Bosnia and EU enlargement (title TBC) Seizing the EU Enlargement Momentum: Georgia’s Prospects for Joining the European Family Iceland's passive supportive approach: Vocal with others on Ukraine Kosovo's EU membership bid: a leap of faith Liechtenstein and EU enlargement (title TBC) How should EU support Moldova’s path towards accession? The Scramble for re-Enlargement: Montenegro North Macedonia: Stuck at the doorstep of EU? Norway and the enlargement of the EU Serbia on a rocky road to the EU Switzerland: not a candidate but a partner in EU enlargement Schrödinger’s Candidate: Türkiye’s Awkward Situation within the Enlargement Debate Oh the outside looking in: The UK after Brexit Ukraine: Enlargement of the EU in the new realities: Challenges and prospect

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Book SynopsisAs individuals, we depend on the services that governments provide. Collectively, we look to them to tackle the big problems - from long-term climate and demographic change to short-term crises like pandemics or war. Funding this activity, and managing the required finances sustainably, is difficult – and getting more so. But governments don't provide – or use – basic financial information that every business is required to maintain. They ignore the value of public assets and most liabilities. This leads to inefficiency and bad decision-making and piles up problems for the future. Governments need to create balance sheets that properly reflect assets and liabilities, and to understand their future obligations and revenue prospects. Net Worth – both today and for the future – should be the measure of financial strength and success.Only if this information is put at the centre of government financial decision-making can the present challenges to public finances around the world be addressed effectively, and in a way that is fair to future generations.The good news is that there are ways to deal with these problems and make government finances more resilient and fairer to future generations. The facts, and the solutions, are non-partisan, and so is this book. Responsible leaders of any political persuasion need to understand the issues and the tools that can enable them to deliver policy within these constraints. Table of ContentsPART 1. PURPOSE AND PROLOGUE1. Owning and Owing2. From Warfare to Welfare in Three Generations PART 2. ACCOUNTING FOR GOVERNMENT3. Why Government Accounting Matters4. What Does the Government Balance Sheet Look Like?5. Why Accrual Accounting Matters6. Accrual Accounting – How it Works in Practice7. Central Banks and the Public Sector Balance Sheet8. Looking to the Future: The Comprehensive Balance Sheet9. Comparison of Public Sector Balance Sheets10. Comparison of Comprehensive Balance Sheets11. Review of Fiscal Rules PART 3. MANAGING PUBLIC COMMERCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES12. Finding, Understanding and Valuing Public Commercial Assets13. The Asset Map: A Shortcut to Understanding Property Holdings Better14. Institutionalising Asset Management15. What Should Governments Do with Public Commercial Assets16. Managing Assets Better: The Role of Public Wealth Funds17. Pensions and Other Liabilities: The Benefits of Disclosure and Management PART 4. PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE18. Balance Sheets, Culture and National Achievement in Europe 1560 - 183419. How Accounting Can Save Democracy20. Implementing Change

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Book Synopsis1.Introduction.- 2. Historical overview of the local government system and central-local relations.- 3. Local council-administration relations.- 4. Local government finance system.- 5. Regional governance.- 6. Local government efficiency.- 7. Program and project evaluation systems in local governments.- 8. Local government and citizens.- 9. Community and NPOs.- 10. Local government and crisis management.- 11. Public-private partnerships for local governments.- 12. Local government and social marketing.- 13. Conclusion.

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Book SynopsisChapter 1: Introduction: The growing federal debt burden reflects a broken system.- Chapter 2: Bad budgeting is catching up with us.- Chapter 3: Coming back from the brink.- Chapter 4: The rise of the balanced budget amendment.- Chapter 5: Flawed BBAs cannot deliver.- Chapter 6: Constitutions are primarily collections of principles.- Chapter 7: Next-generation BBAs emerge.- Chapter 8: A well-crafted BBA stands up to criticism.- Chapter 9: Implementing Legislation for a Principles-Based BBA.- Chapter 10: Budget balance requires a functioning federal budget process.- Chapter 11: Taking federal budgeting to the next level.- Appendix: Balanced budget amendment proposals.- Index.

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Book SynopsisAmerica’s reputation and power fell to new lows during Trump’s presidency. Militarily, the United States held its own, but its soft power suffered mightily. President Biden pledges to work with the international community, rely on cooperation with like-minded allies, challenge adversaries, and restore American democracy, society and economy to levels that will once again command international respect. De-Trumping U.S. Foreign Policy will address the objectives, obstacles, and potential outcomes of this attempt over the next few years. Sloan evaluates both elite and public opinion from democratic allies around the world, plus elite opinions from states less friendly to the United States. He documents and analyses Biden’s approach to foreign policy and his goals for the U.S. role in the world. The volume will also examine how Biden’s domestic policy objectives, in the areas of the pandemic, systemic racism, political equity, the economy and climate change, relate to his foreign policy goals. The early steps made by Biden will be laid out and evaluated and hidden chances of success or failure will be measured, with a striking analysis of what failure might mean for the USA and the world.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a broad picture of Sri Lanka’s on-going political and economic crisis as the culmination of several centuries of colonial and neo-colonial developments. The book presents the Sri Lankan crisis as an exemplification of a broader global existential crisis facing more and more debt trapped countries, especially in the post-colonial Global South. The book's in-depth case study raises important questions pertaining to sovereignty and political and economic democracy in Sri Lanka and the world at large. The book also explores the emergence of the crisis in the context of the accelerating geopolitical conflict between China and the USA in the Indian Ocean. It ponders if the debt crisis, economic collapse and political destabilization in Sri Lanka were intentionally precipitated to the advantage of the Quadrilateral Alliance (USA, India, Australia and Japan). Moving beyond geopolitical rivalry, the book juxtaposes Sri Lanka’s political-economic crisis with the broader ecological crisis of climate change and sea-level rise. The book concludes with a consideration of the ethical dilemmas behind the debt and survival crisis in Sri Lanka and across the world. It points out a range of social movements and initiatives in Sri Lanka and the Global South which subscribe to collective and ecological alternatives and a Middle Path of sustainability and social justice.

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Book SynopsisDie Sammlung der Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts gehört zu den einflussreichsten und meistzitierten Periodika der deutschen Jurisprudenz. Sie enthält alle Senatsentscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts (BVerfG) in ungekürzter Fassung. Begonnen mit Gründung des Gerichts im Jahr 1951, wird die Sammlung inzwischen jedes Jahr mehrmals um neue Bände ergänzt. In der abgekürzten Zitierweise als "BVerfGE" ist sie jedem deutschen Juristen geläufig und gilt vielen sogar als "die amtliche Sammlung". Zu den Höhepunkten der Sammlung gehören auch die fünf meistzitierten deutschen Gerichtsentscheidungen - zur Volkszählung 1987 (BVerfGE 65, 1), zum Boykottaufruf des Hamburger Senatsdirektors Lüth 1958 (BVerfGE 7, 198), zum Schnellen Brüter in Kalkar 1972 (BVerfGE 49, 89), zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch (BVerfGE 39, 1) sowie zum Mitbestimmungsgesetz 1976 (BVerfGE 50, 290).

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Book SynopsisDie Sammlung der Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts gehört zu den einflussreichsten und meistzitierten Periodika der deutschen Jurisprudenz. Sie enthält alle Senatsentscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts (BVerfG) in ungekürzter Fassung. Begonnen mit Gründung des Gerichts im Jahr 1951, wird die Sammlung inzwischen jedes Jahr mehrmals um neue Bände ergänzt. In der abgekürzten Zitierweise als "BVerfGE" ist sie jedem deutschen Juristen geläufig und gilt vielen sogar als "die amtliche Sammlung". Zu den Höhepunkten der Sammlung gehören auch die fünf meistzitierten deutschen Gerichtsentscheidungen - zur Volkszählung 1987 (BVerfGE 65, 1), zum Boykottaufruf des Hamburger Senatsdirektors Lüth 1958 (BVerfGE 7, 198), zum Schnellen Brüter in Kalkar 1972 (BVerfGE 49, 89), zum Schwangerschaftsabbruch (BVerfGE 39, 1) sowie zum Mitbestimmungsgesetz 1976 (BVerfGE 50, 290).

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Book SynopsisThis book offers the first comprehensive analysis of Canadian foreign policy under the government of Justin Trudeau, with a concentration on the areas of climate change, trade, Indigenous rights, arms sales, refugees, military affairs, and relationships with the United States and China. At the book’s core is Trudeau’s biggest and most unexpected challenge: the election of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Drawing on recognized experts from across Canada, this latest edition of the respected Canada Among Nations series will be essential reading for students of international relations and Canadian foreign policy and for a wider readership interested in Canada’s age of Trudeau.See other books in the Canada Among Nations series here: https://carleton.ca/npsia/canada-among-nations/Table of Contents1. The age of Trudeau and Trump Norman Hillmer and Philippe Lagassé2. The promise and perils of Justin Trudeau’s foreign policyRoland Paris 3. Promises made, promises kept? A mid-term Trudeau foreign policy report cardKim Richard Nossal 4. What’s not to like? Justin Trudeau, the global disorder, and liberal illusionsJerome Klassen and Yves Engler 5. Canada-US relations under President Trump: Stop reading the tweets and look to the futureStephen Blank and Monica Gattinger 6. Canada’s international environmental policy: Trudeau’s trifecta of challengesDebora Van Nijnatten7. International trade: The rhetoric and reality of the Trudeau government’s progressive trade agendaMeredith B. Lilly8. Justin Trudeau’s China challengesPhilip Calvert9. A promise too far? The Justin Trudeau government and Indigenous rights Sheryl Lightfoot10. Canada’s feminist foreign policy promises: An ambitious agenda for gender equality, human rights, peace, and securityRebecca Tiessen and Emma Swan11. “We will honour our good name”: The Trudeau government, arms exports, and human rightsJennifer Pedersen 12. The Trudeau government, refugee policy, and echoes of the pastJulie F. Gilmour 13. Justin Trudeau’s quest for a United Nations Security Council seatAndrea Charron14. Manning up: Justin Trudeau and the politics of the Canadian defence communityAndrea Lane 15. Trudeau the reluctant warrior? Canada and international military operationsJeffrey Rice and Stéfanie von Hlatky

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Book SynopsisWith a Foreword by the President of the European Parliament, Antonio Tajani.This book sheds light on the political dynamics within the EU member states and contributes to the discussions about Europe. Authors from all member states as well as Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey assess how their country could get more involved in the European debate, taking the reader on a journey through various political landscapes and different views. The chapters cover issues ranging from a perceived lack of ambition at the periphery to a careful balancing act between diverse standpoints at the geographical centre. Yet, discussions share common features such as the anxiety regarding national sovereignty, the migration and border discourse, security concerns as well as the obvious need to regain trust and create policies that work. The book contributes vigorously to the debate about Europe in all capitals and every corner of the continent, because this is where its future will be decided.Table of ContentsWhy this book?Johannes Pollak, Paul Schmidt, Michael KaedingForewordAntonio Tajani, President of the European ParliamentAustria in Europe: Size matters – But so do ideasJohannes Pollak, Paul SchmidtBelgium in search of a stance on today's EU integration dilemmasNathalie Brack, Amandine CrespyBulgaria: More Europe in Domestic PoliticsDaniel SmilovCroatia: Finally in the EU but still in search for a place under the (EU) sunJakša PuljizA future Europe for Cyprus: a struggle to overcome the utopianism of the 1990s and come to terms with the tough pragmatism of the 2020sGiorgos KentasCzech Republic – a paradise for Eurosceptics?Petr Kratochvíl, Zdeněk SychraThe Schizophrenic DanesMarlene WindHas the Estonian e-Tiger been caught napping?Viljar VeebelBridging the EU’s political dividing lines is in Finland’s security interestJuha JokelaFrance: Supporting the jobless – a job for EuropeXavier Ragot, Olivier RozenbergGermany and the EU: Managing differentiation to avoid structural segregationAndreas MaurerGreece: Of “Future of Europe” plans and political honestyXenophon Yataganas, A.D. PapagiannidisHungary: Becoming Pioneers AgainPéter BalázsActive participation, an Icelandic-German alliance and united Nordic frontBaldur ThorhallssonIreland and the EU: A Pragmatic Approach to IntegrationCian McCarthyItaly and the EU: A Relationship with Uncertain OutcomesSergio FabbriniLatvia’s Future in a Deepened EU: Fine with the Right WineKarlis Bukovskis, Aldis AustersLithuania and the EU: pragmatic support driven by security concernsRamūnas VilpišauskasLuxembourg and the EU: How to Integrate in the Face of DiversityAnna-Lena HögenauerMalta: Small and Peripheral but Aiming for the Core of EuropeMark HarwoodThe Netherlands and the EU: Strengthening but not centralising the EUAdriaan SchoutExit, Voice, and Loyalty: Norway's OptionsUlf SverdrupSolidarity with Poland but not from PolandZdzisław MachThe bell has rung: Portugalʼs main bet is on the conclusion of the EMUAlice CunhaThe EU’s young and restless democracy – Romania’s lessons and contributionBianca TomaBeing European – the Slovak WayOľga Gyárfášová, Lucia MokráSlovenia: From high enthusiasm to frustrating indifferenceMaja BučarSpain in the EU: eager to regain centralityIgnacio MolinaManaging the risk of periphery – Sweden and the future of the EUGöran von SydowTowards a «reset» of EU-Swiss relations?Frank SchimmelfennigLike a Candle in the Wind? Insights and Recommendations on the Turkish Accession to the EUBaşak AlpanThe Union after Brexit: Disintegration, differentiation or deepening?Brendan Donnelly

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on the triadic relationship between electoral candidates and the two other poles of the delegation and accountability triangle—political parties and voters. The chapters rely mostly on the Belgian Candidate Survey (CCS project), gathering about 2000 candidates belonging to 15 parties represented in Parliament and running for the 2014 federal and regional elections, and the authors’ conclusions serve at answering broad political science questions linked with elite recruitment, party and candidate electoral strategies, personalisation, party cohesion, and descriptive and substantive representation. Its multilevel semi-open electoral system, atypical federal structure, extreme party system fragmentation and volatility make Belgium an exceptionally rich but complex case that offers findings highly relevant to research on candidates in other democracies.Table of Contents1. Introduction. Candidates Between Parties and Voters: A Triadic Relationship in the Belgian PartitocracyAudrey Vandeleene and Lieven De WinterPART I: CANDIDATES’ BACKGROUND2. The Effects of the Political Parties’ Selective Filter Bias on Descriptive Representation: Analysis of the Candidates’ Sociological and Political BackgroundJérémy Dodeigne and Ferdinand Teuber3. The More, the Smoother? Candidate Selection and Intraparty CompetitionAudrey Vandeleene and Giulia Sandri4. Who Wins More? Understanding Preferential Voting by Means of Context and Candidates’ Background and CampaigningMarta Gallina, Stefano Camatarri and Maximilien CogelsPART II: CAMPAIGNING5. The Puzzle of Personalization of Politics: Evidence From Candidate Campaigns in Belgium 2007–2014Lieven De Winter, Pierre Baudewyns and Maximilien Cogels6. Campaigning and Candidates: Different Strategies for Different CandidatesMaximilien Cogels and Pierre Baudewyns7. The Electoral Impact of Local Campaigning in the 2014 Regional and Federal ElectionsAudrey André and Sam DepauwPART III: POLICY CONGRUENCE8. Constituting the List Amid Time of Personalization of Politics: The Balance of Congruent and Popular Candidates in Belgian Political PartiesJérémy Dodeigne, Conrad Meulewaeter and Christophe Lesschaeve9. Who Do You Feel and What Future Do You Want for Belgium? A Comparison of Candidates and Voters’ Identities and Institutional PreferencesSophie Devillers, Pierre Baudewyns, Lieven De Winter and Min Reuchamps10. From More or Less Integration to Status Quo? Explaining Candidates’ and Citizens’ Attitudes Towards European IntegrationSamuel Defacqz, Jérémy Dodeigne, Ferdinand Teuber and Virginie Van IngelgomPART IV: REPRESENTATION AND DEMOCRACY11. Between Parties and Voters: Candidates’ Role Conception in the Belgian PartitocracyChloé Janssen, Mihail Chiru and Lieven De Winter12. Critical Candidates: Elite Attitudes Towards the Functioning of Representative DemocracyChristoph Niessen, Nathalie Schiffino, Vincent Jacquet and Ludovic Deschamps13. Conclusion. Studying Candidates, Parties and Voters. Lessons Learned and New QuestionsAudrey Vandeleene, Lieven De Winter and Pierre Baudewyns

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Book SynopsisDieses Handbuch bietet einen umfassenden und multidisziplinären Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Lobbyismusforschung. Das Nachschlagewerk vermittelt theoretische Grundlagen, stellt die wesentlichen Einflusskanäle des Lobbyismus vor, analysiert Lobbying in zahlreichen Länderstudien und Fallbeispielen und diskutiert die Grenzen der Lobbyismus-Regulierung.Table of ContentsLobbyismus: Disziplinäre Zugänge und theoretische Grundlagen.- Einflusskanäle des Lobbying.- Lobbyismus in ausgewählten Bereichen.

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Book SynopsisDas Corona-Virus bestimmt seit mehr als zwei Jahren das Leben in Deutschland. Solange Politik und Gesellschaft auf Bundes-, Landes- und Kommunalebene kooperativ, subsidiär und selbstverantwortlich gehandelt haben, war die Coronapolitik am effektivsten und die Eingriffstiefe staatlicher Maßnahmen am geringsten. Doch Politik und Gesellschaft haben sich zu oft in sich selbst verheddert, zu oft gegenseitig blockiert und die Verantwortung gegenseitig zugeschoben. Am Ende des Tages ist die Bilanz vor allem deswegen ernüchternd, weil wir die Vorteile unserer Gesellschaftsordnung - Demokratie, Föderalismus und Selbstbestimmung - für das Krisenmanagement zu wenig in Wert gesetzt haben. Die Politik war nicht in der Lage, Orientierung zu geben, die Gesellschaft driftete auseinander und die Coronabekämpfung entsolidarisierte sich zunehmend.Table of ContentsCorona: Eine epochale Herausforderung.- Der Mensch in der Corona-Manege.- Fallstricke politischer Pandemiesteuerung.- Mit weniger Demokratie gegen das Virus?.- Coronabekämpfung im real existierenden Föderalismus.- Staats- und Politikversagen in der Coronakrise?.- Unsere Lernkurve: Ein Nachwort.

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Book SynopsisMit dem Antritt der grün-roten, gefolgt von den beiden grün-schwarzen Landesregierungen haben dialogische Bürgerbeteiligungsformate in Baden-Württemberg an Bedeutung gewonnen. Sie werden mittlerweile auf allen politischen Ebenen genutzt. In diesem Band untersuchen die Autor*innen verschiedene Aspekte dialogischer Bürgerbeteiligung an Beispielen aus dem Bundesland, um die Wirkungspotenziale, aber auch die mit diesen Beteiligungsformaten verbunden Herausforderungen besser verstehen zu können. Darüber hinaus geht es um die Frage, wie sich ihr Einsatz im Zusammenspiel mit Formen repräsentativen oder direkt-demokratischen Entscheidens darstellt bzw. entwickelt werden kann.Table of ContentsDialogische Bürgerbeteiligung in modernen Demokratien.- Dialogische Bürgerbeteiligung in Baden-Württemberg.- Dialogorientierte Bürgerbeteiligung - Individuelle Bestimmungsgründe für die Teilnahme und Bewertung.- Bürgerbeteiligung durch Dialogbürger*innen: Das Beteiligungsverfahren zum neuen Stadtteil Dietenbach in Freiburg.- Einstellungen und Vorbehalte kommunaler Entscheidungsträger gegenüber Bürgerbeteiligung in Baden-Württemberg.- Vorbehalte von Bürgermeistern gegenüber dialogischer Bürgerbeteiligung und direkter Demokratie.- Bürgerinitiativen, dialogische Bürgerbeteiligung und Presseberichterstattung.- Dialogische Beteiligung und die Rolle von sachfremden Aspekten bei Bürgerentscheiden.- Rechtsfragen de Verknüpfung von Beteiligungsverfahren und ihren Ergebnissen mit dem repräsentativ-demokratischen Entscheidungsprozess.- Open-Government als Dialogstrategie von Seiten der Verwaltung: One-Stop-Agencies als Schlüsselelement einer anwendungsorientierten Open-Government-Strategie: Das grenzüberschreitende Beispiel der INFOBESTen.- Bürgerräte in Baden-Württemberg.

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Book SynopsisIn diesem Sammelband werden aktuelle Ansätze und Entwicklungen zu grundlegenden Konzepten der Vergleichenden Politikwissenschaft diskutiert, insbesondere zu den Themengebieten Staat und Staatlichkeit, Demokratie sowie Rechtsstaatlichkeit und Governance. Damit wird ein breites Spektrum der Vergleichenden Politikwissenschaft abgedeckt. Mit einem besonderen Abschnitt zu Lateinamerika werden auch über Europa hinausgehende Themen angesprochen. Die Beiträge stammen von renommierten deutschen und europäischen Politikwissenschaftler*innen. Der Sammelband vermittelt so einen Überblick zu zentralen aktuellen Debatten der Vergleichenden Politikwissenschaft.Table of ContentsEinleitung.- Literatur.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides a concise and engaging analysis of the particularly unusual 2020 election year in the USA. The political science perspective illuminates societal tensions in the context of the Corona pandemic and elaborates election-deciding discourses. Larger socio-political trends such as ideological polarisation are addressed as well as the different campaign strategies of the two parties. In addition, the book offers insights into the election results of this landmark presidential election for American society and for the development of its democracy. The final evaluation of the resulting implications for transatlantic relations rounds off the book. Table of Contents1 Introduction2 Joe Biden on the road to the nomination2.1 The Democratic Party's system for nominating candidates2.2 Turning Points South Carolina and Super Tuesday2.3 Joe Biden and the Democratic electorate2.4 Summary3 Voting in the shadow of the pandemic3.1 Absentee voting in the USA in the face of partisan polarisation3.2 Who can vote? - Voter registration, voter ID laws and polling stations3.3 Summary4 Democrats versus Republicans4.1 The Southern Strategy as a precursor to asymmetric polarisation4.2 The radicalisation of political discourse4.3 Summary5 Polarisation and its manifestations5.1 Party affiliation and preferences in the American electorate5.2 The polarisation of members of Congress5.3 Summary6 Economic Policy as a Question of Fate: Elections in the Wake of the Recession6.1 The shadows of the pandemic6.2 Social inequality6.3 Public policy in times of crisis6.4 Priorities of the Trump administration6.5 The Economic Policy Concept of the Democrats6.6 Summary7 A society without a net: Social issues in the election campaign7.1 The Crisis in the Health System7.2 Social Justice: The Demands for Social Justice as a Controversial Issue7.3 The ideological balance in the Supreme Court and its socio-political consequences7.4 Summary8 Minorities in the USA: The Controversial Immigration Debate8.1 Contrasting conceptions of society8.2 Social development and political orientations of minorities8.2.1 The Hispanic minority8.2.2 The Asian-American minority8.2.3 The African-American Minority8.3 Summary9 The strategies in the 2020 election campaign9.1 Biden's classical approach as antithesis to Trump's populism9.2 Opposing Narratives: The Democratic and Republican Party Conventions9.3 The delegitimisation of the election and its consequences9.4 Summary10 The election results and their transatlantic implications10.1 The results of the 2020 presidential election in historical comparison10.2 Transatlantic relations under President Biden: A New Beginning?10.3 Summary11 Final considerations

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Book SynopsisDas Saarland verfügt als jüngstes westdeutsches Bundesland über eine wechselhafte und spannende Geschichte. Dabei ist der (bundes-)politische Einfluss des nach der Bevölkerungszahl zweitkleinsten Bundeslands nicht zu unterschätzen. So verfügt das Saarland nicht nur über die höchste Parteimitgliederdichte aller Bundesländer, sondern hat auch zahlreiche Politiker von bundespolitischer und -historischer Bedeutung hervorgebracht. Darüber hinaus steht es als (ehemaliges) traditionelles Kohle-, Stahl- und Industrieland mitten in einem bedeutsamen Transformationsprozess, den es u.a. als Teil der Großregion mit der höchsten grenzüberschreitenden Mobilität von Arbeitnehmer*innen innerhalb der Europäischen Union zu meistern versucht. Der Sammelband analysiert die Geschichte des Saarlands ebenso wie die Entwicklung des Parteiensystems und der Landesregierungen wie auch die Verortung des Saarlands in verschiedenen Politikfeldern im Vergleich.Table of Contents„Saarland: Schön, dass du da bist!“ - Einleitung „Politik und Regieren im Saarland“.- Zwischen zwei Welten: Die historische Entwicklung des Saarlands.- Verfassung und Verfassungsorgane des Saarlandes.- Parteien und Parteiensystem des Saarlandes.- Die Koalitionen, Koalitionsbildungsprozesse und Landesregierungen des Saarlands.- „Entscheidend ist die Stärke im Betrieb“. Historische Entwicklung und Aktuelle Herausforderungen für die Gewerkschaften im Saarland.- Politik der Inneren Sicherheit und Justiz im Saarland.- Bildungs- und Integrationspolitik.- Energiepolitik-, Klima- und Umweltpolitik im Saarland.- Beständiges Ringen um eine gute Zukunft - Die Finanz-, Wirtschafts- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik im Saarland.- Gesundheitspolitik im Saarland.- Transregionaler Kinderschutz und Kinderrechte - das Saarland in der Großregion.- Partizipationsverfahren und Bürgerbeteiligung im Saarland.

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Book SynopsisDieses Buch greift ein Thema auf, das sowohl für die kommunale Praxis als auch für die Forschung von aktueller Relevanz ist: die Integration in Kommunen. Neben Themen von allgemeiner Bedeutung wird auch die organisatorische Perspektive der Integration in Kommunen behandelt. Die Teilhabe und Partizipation bildet einen weiteren Themenschwerpunkt des Bandes. Nicht zuletzt wird die Integration in der kommunalen Praxis unter verschiedenen Blickwinkeln beleuchtet und diskutiert.Table of ContentsIntegration – eine Einführung.- Kommunale Bedeutung der Integration am Beispiel der Stadt Dormagen.- Rechtliche Grundlagen der Integration.- Die Bedeutung räumlicher Unterschiede im Kontext der Integration: Stadt und Land.- Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland im Kontext der Integration.- Die Bedeutung von Stadtteilen für Integration.- Kommunale Integrationspolitik.- Strategische Steuerung der Integration in Kommunen.- Interkulturelle Öffnung der Verwaltung – Dynamik und Perspektiven.- Interkulturelles Personalmanagement in Kommunen: Ziele – Handlungsfelder – Perspektiven.- Wirkungen eines kommunalen Integrationsmonitorings.- Rechtliche Aspekte der kommunalpolitischen Teilhabe von Migrant*innen am Beispiel der nordrhein-westfälischen Kommunalverfassung.- Deskriptive Repräsentation von Migranten bei den Bürgermeisterwahlen in NRW 2020.- Die Bedeutung bürgerschaftlichen Engagements für die Integration in Kommunen.- Das Programm „Kommunales Integrationsmanagement“ des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen.- Local Governance im Politikfeld Integration unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kommunalen Integrationszentren in Nordrhein-Westfalen.- Programme zur Integration in der Kommune: „Miteinander in der StädteRegion Aachen“.- Berufliche Integration von Geflüchteten.- Kommunale Integrationspolitik aus internationaler Perspektive - Going Dutch?.- Diversity Management im Landesamt für Flüchtlingsangelegenheiten.- Kommunale Aufnahme von Geflüchteten aus der Ukraine – eine rassismuskritische Perspektive auf aktuelle Herausforderungen.

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Book SynopsisDer Band setzt sich mit den Krisen und Transformationsherausforderungen unserer Zeit, deren Management und der demokratischen Gestaltung mutiger Zukunftsvisionen auseinander. Ziel ist es, aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven das Verständnis für die anstehenden transformativen Herausforderungen zu schärfen und erste systematische Lösungsansätze zu skizzieren. Die Rahmenbedingungen und Charakteristika des Regierens in der Transformationsgesellschaft werden entlang der drei Transformationscluster Daseinsvorsorge, Demographie, Digitalisierung und dem übergeordneten Cluster Demokratie diskutiert. So richtet sich der Band nicht nur an einen wissenschaftlichen Leser*innenkreis, sondern adressiert auch dezidiert ein interessiertes Publikum außerhalb des wissenschaftlichen Betriebs.Table of ContentsDemokratie.- Daseinsvorsorge.- Digitalisierung.- Demographie

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Book SynopsisEfforts to advance public administration as a discipline and profession are ongoing globally, with a focus on tailoring theory and practice to specific needs. A comprehensive book on advanced public administration covers various aspects with case studies and data, benefiting students, teachers, researchers, civil servants, and political elite.

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Book Synopsis“Did C. Y. Leung achieve his goals? Did he perform his duty to the Hong Kong people as their third Chief Executive?” To answer these questions, this book presents a rational, research-based critique of the C. Y. Leung Administration that governed in Hong Kong from 2012 to 2017. It is a sweeping and original publication that covers various aspects of governance, including politics, economics, healthcare, human rights, civil service, housing, urban planning, youth, and legislative council elections as well as Hong Kong’s relationship with Taiwan, Mainland China, and Western countries. Written by a team of expert authors from various fields, this book is one of the first comprehensive academic discourses on issues facing the Administration. The first chapter sets the tone of the book, with the subsequent chapters providing additional details confirming the general conclusions of the authors concerning the C. Y. Leung Administration. Written for scholars and community members interested in Hong Kong governance, this book is an anthology of articles that present a complex and comprehensive critique of one specific Chief Executive’s period of influence and how his administration’s policies still affect the Hong Kong community today.

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Book SynopsisThe challenges faced by Commonwealth Caribbean democracies particularly in the past 20 years has forced a reckoning with how the Westminster model of government has served the needs of these small states. Crime, corruption and struggling economies operating in a globalised world have brought into sharp relief the threat to once-stable democracies.Beyond Westminster in the Caribbean analyses Westminster governance in the post-independence Caribbean and reflects on the weaknesses of the model, the absence of a will to change despite the deficiencies and proposals for the way forward. Drawing on the contributions of distinguished scholars, prominent serving politicians and a sitting prime minister, the book offers a critical review of the state of Caribbean constitutions and a frank discussion of whether these small states can weather the threats that have presented themselves since the end of the Cold-War and the rise of neoliberalism. Can the Westminister model survive and thrive in the contemporary Caribbean, or is it time to move beyond Westminster?

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This book is about a choice President Biden must make that will determine the future of America. His choice is between being a partisan politician or a non-partisan statesman. However, to be a statesman, he must contend with the progressive wing of his party. Today's progressives have become revolutionaries whose purpose is to remake America by canceling their opponents. Biden has a tiger by the tail. As in all such situations, the problem is how to let go. In this book, we suggest how Biden can free himself from the danger posed by the progressives and simultaneously benefit America dramatically.

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Book SynopsisThis book states that the political systems of China, Vietnam, Cuba and other socialist countries are showing distinct maturity and ability to deal effectively with challenges – the most recent being the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to understand how they have developed their structures, it is time to return to the roots of the Marxist tradition and re-examine the question of socialist governance. It was Friedrich Engels (and less so Marx) who laid out some of the theoretical foundations for socialist governance. On the basis of extensive research in 1870s and 1880s, Engels developed his analysis of the nature of hitherto existing states as a ‘separated public power’; the role of the dictatorship of the proletariat and its exercise of power; the actual meaning of the ‘withering away of the state’, which would be one of the very last outcomes of socialist construction; and the nature of socialist governance itself. On this matter, he proposed a de-politicised public power that would stand in the midst of society and focus on managing the processes of production for the sake of the true interests of society.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Chapter 1. Separated Public Power: On Hitherto Existing States.- Chapter 2. Socialist Gewalt and the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.- Chapter 3. Abolition or Dying Away of the State?.- Chapter 4. Towards Enmeshed Socialist Governance.- Conclusion

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Book SynopsisThis book examines the evolving concept of national security and how human systems could be governed in an ever turbulent and dynamic world. It takes a revised look at the concept of national security, previously researched and identified by the author, based on the present context but with a futuristic appreciation of governance, primarily national but extended to global perspectives, in the modern and dynamically shifting world. The book emphasises the need for governments to maximise national security for the well-being of their people. The concept of national security is taken as the key subject of national governance which is extendable to global governance wherein national security is not only the physical or military security alone but also the overall well-being of the people of a nation. This book explores how national security can be achieved by balancing its various elements in different terrains where the game of governance is played in national as well as global perspective. It also presents additional findings and observations to show that the approach is transformative, redefining the key knowledge paradigms. This book is relevant for policy makers, students, researchers and academics who wish to explore and rethink their approach towards governing the human systems, whose well-being is the responsibility of governments.Table of ContentsPart I In Quest of National Security: World of Sapiens.- 1. Humans and Human Systems: Shifting Centroid of National Security.- 2. National Security: Concept, Evolution and Descriptive Stasis.- 3. National Security: Definitions and Manifestations.- 4. Threats, Risks and Uncertainty: Triad of Chaotic Balance in a Chancy, Chancy World.- 5. Terrains and Terrain Specificity.- 6. Elements of National Security: Gravity Centres.- 7. Convolution of Apparent Security and Perceived Security in Governance.- 8. Rule of Law and Role of Government —Law Making, Enforcing and National Security.- Part II Elements of National Security.- 9. #1 Military Security (Milsec) (ms).- 10. #2 Economic Security (Econosec) (es1).- 11. #3 Resource Security (Resourcesec) (rs).- 12. #4 Border Security (Bordersec) (bs1).- 13. #5 Demographic Security (Demosec) (ds1).- 14. #6 Disaster Security (Disastersec) (ds2).- 15. #7 Energy Security (Energysec) (es2).- 16. #8 Geostrategic Security (Geosec) (gs1).- 17. #9 Informational Security (Infosec) (is).- 18. #10 Food Security (Foodsec) (fs).- 19. #11 Health Security (Healthsec) (hs).- 20. #12 Ethnic Security (Ethnicsec) (es3).- 21. #13 Environmental Security (Envirosec) (es4).- 22. #14 Cyber Security (Cybersec) (cs).- 23. #15 Genomic Security (Genomesec) (gs2).- 24. #16 Microbiomic Security (Microbiomicsec) (ms2).- Part III Strategising National Security.- 25. Trendlines in National Security.- 26. Strategic National Security and National Security Strategy.- 27. Tradeoffs in National Security Governance.- Part IV Examining National Security.- 28. Research Purpose—National Security Governance.- 29. Research Factors and Questions—National Security Governance.- 30. Assessing and Indexing National Security.- Part V Future of Governance and Human Well-being.- 31. Beyond National Security—Global Perspective.- 32. Will Sapiens End? Premising Governance….- 33. Human Well-being—Visions in Dark and Grey.- Part VI Conclusions.- 34. Present Imperfect—Future Perfect.- 35. Capsuling National Security.

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on global economic governance covering the following five areas: the theoretical and historical evolution of global economic governance, international financial governance, international trade and investment governance, global climate change and sustainable development governance, and international macroeconomic policy coordination. On the one hand, this book aims to provide a general analytical framework for studying global economic governance. On the other hand, the study on global economic governance involves understanding its historical development, exploring its emergence and evolution, analyzing what challenges global economic governance faces in the context of a new globalization, looking into its future development trends, and proposing the direction of the reform of global economic governance system on the above basis, and finally providing theoretical references and policy advice for China’s better participation in global economic governance. Table of ContentsConnotation of Global Governance.- Definition of Global Economic Governance.- Historical Evolution of the Global Economic Governance Structure.- Impetus for Evolution of the Global Economic Governance Structure.- Reform Orientation of Global Economic Governance.- Overview of the Evolution and Reform of International Financial Governance.- Factors Influencing the Evolution of International Financial Governance.- Defects and Challenges of Current International Financial Governance.- Reform Direction of International Financial Governance.- Countermeasures for China’s Better Participation in International Financial Governance.

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Book SynopsisThe book addresses why the Pakistani state is facing persistent challenges in extending and consolidating its governance (authority) throughout its territories, especially in the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas (ex-FATA)? Even after the de jure merger, the question still remains valid that how Pakistani state could establish its governance in these tribal areas? Through multi-dimensional approaches and multi-pronged analysis of state-centric (top-down), society-centric (bottom-up) and state-in-society (mixed-horizontal) approaches, the book explains factors and dimensions that pose challenges to Pakistani state governance in ex-FATA. The main hypothesis is that societies, where state governance is absent, turn to informal governance and create informal institutions as a substitute for the weak central state governance thereby challenging the domination and control/authority of the state. The book presents policy recommendations for bringing these tribal areas into the mainstream governance system of Pakistan.Table of ContentsChapter 1: State Governance in the Ungoverned Territories of Developing States: The Conceptual Framework.- Chapter 2: Geography, Socio-economic and Political set up of FATA: An Overview.- Chapter 3: Challenges to State Governance in FATA: Society-centred Approach.- Chapter 4: Challenges to State Governance in FATA: ‘State-in-Society’ Approach.- Chapter 5: Challenges to State Governance in FATA: State-centred Approach.- Chapter 6: Extension of State Governance (Authority) in FATA: Prospects.- Chapter 7: Conclusion.- Index.

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