Building construction and materials Books

Book SynopsisThe Minor Works Building Contract is the most widely used of the JCT forms of contact, not only for simple, short contracts of moderate price, for which it is intended, but also for much larger projects for which it is often not suited at all. As a result, contractual difficulties can arise, and despite the form''s simplicity an understanding of the legal background to the form is essential. This book explains the practical applications of the form from the point of view of the employer, architect and contractor. It provides a straightforward explanation of the legal aspects of the form supported by flow charts, tables and sample letters. The Fourth Edition has been revised to cover the 2005 edition of the form, which has given the contract a completely new look. The book now covers the new JCT Minor Works Building Contract with contractor''s design (MWD).Trade Review'The first [edition] was an instant hit for me and edition four is just as good.' Tony Bingham, Building 'Makes interesting reading of a subject not many of us would expect to enjoy...A useful reference book for any architect, employer or contractor involved in minor or small works and one that is likely to be used time and time again'. The Expert and Dispute Resolver Summer 2007.Table of ContentsPreface to the Fourth Edition. Chapter 1 The Purpose and Use of MW and MWD . 1.1 The background. 1.2 The use of MW and MWD. 1.3 Arrangement and contents of MW and MWD. 1.4 Contractual formalities. 1.5 Problems with the contract documents. 1.6 Notices, time and the law. Chapter 2 Contract Comparisons . 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 JCT contracts compared. Chapter 3 Contract Documents and Insurance . 3.1 Contract documents. 3.1.1 Types and uses. 3.1.2 Importance and priority. 3.1.3 Custody and copies. 3.1.4 Limits to use. 3.2 Insurance. 3.2.1 Injury to or death of persons. 3.2.2 Damage to property. 3.2.3 Insurance of the Works against fire etc. 3.2.4 A new building where the contractor is. required to insure. 3.2.5 Alterations or extensions to existing structures. 3.3 Summary. Chapter 4 Architect . 4.1 Authority and duties. 4.2 Express provisions of the contract. 4.3 Architect’s instructions. 4.4 Summary. Chapter 5 Contractor . 5.1 Contractor’s obligations: express and implied. 5.1.1 Legal principles. 5.1.2 Execution of the works. 5.1.3 Workmanship and materials. 5.1.4 Statutory obligations. 5.1.5 Contractor’s representative. 5.2 Other obligations. 5.2.1 Access to the works and premises. 5.2.2 Compliance with architect’s instructions. 5.2.3 Suspension of obligations. 5.2.4 Other rights and obligations. 5.3 Summary. Chapter 6 Employer . 6.1 Powers and duties: express and implied. 6.2 Rights under MW and MWD. 6.2.1 General. 6.2.2 Damages for non-completion. 6.2.3 Other rights. 6.3 Duties under MW and MWD. 6.3.1 General. 6.3.2 Payment. 6.3.3 Retention. 6.3.4 Other duties. 6.4 Summary. Chapter 7 Quantity Surveyor and Clerk of Works . 7.1 Quantity surveyor. 7.1.1 Appointment. 7.1.2 Duties. 7.1.3 Responsibilities. 7.2 Clerk of works. 7.2.1 Appointment. 7.2.2 Duties. 7.2.3 Responsibilities. 7.3 Summary. Chapter 8 Subcontractors and Suppliers . 8.1 General. 8.2 Subcontractors. 8.2.1 Assignment. 8.2.2 Subcontracting. 8.2.3 Nominated subcontractors. 8.3 Statutory authorities. 8.4 Works not forming part of the contract. 8.5 Summary. Chapter 9 Possession, Completion and Defects Liability . 9.1 Possession. 9.1.1 Introduction. 9.1.2 Date for possession. 9.2 Practical completion. 9.2.1 Definition. 9.2.2 Consequences of practical completion. 9.3 Rectification period. 9.3.1 Definition. 9.3.2 Defects, shrinkages and other faults. 9.3.3 Frost. 9.3.4 Procedure. 9.4 Summary. Chapter 10 Claims . 10.1 General. 10.2 Extension of time. 10.2.1 Legal principles. 10.2.2 Liquidated damages. 10.2.3 Extending the contract period. 10.3 Money claims. 10.3.1 General. 10.3.2 Types of claims. 10.4 Summary. Chapter 11 Payment . 11.1 Contract sum. 11.2 Payment before practical completion. 11.3 Penultimate certificate. 11.4 Final certificate. 11.5 Effect of certificate. 11.6 Interest and withholding payment. 11.7 Retention. 11.8 Variations. 11.9 Order of work. 11.10 Provisional sums. 11.11 Fluctuations. 11.12 Summary. Chapter 12 Termination . 12.1 General. 12.2 Termination by the employer. 12.2.1 Grounds and procedure. 12.2.2 Consequences of employer termination. 12.3 Termination by the contractor. 12.3.1 General. 12.3.2 Grounds and procedure. 12.3.3 Consequences of contractor termination. 12.4 Termination by either employer or contractor. 12.5 Summary. Chapter 13 Contractor’s Designed Portion (CDP) . 13.1 General. 13.2 Documents. 13.3 The contractor’s obligations. 13.4 Liability. 13.5 Integration of the CDP. 13.6 Contractor’s information. 13.7 Variations. 13.8 Other matters. 13.9 Summary. Chapter 14 Dispute Resolution Procedures . 14.1 General. 14.2 Adjudication. 14.2.1 The contract provisions. 14.2.2 The Scheme: starting the adjudication process. 14.2.3 The Scheme: appointment of the adjudicator. 14.2.4 The Scheme: the adjudication process. 14.2.5 The Scheme: important powers and duties of. the adjudicator. 14.2.6 The Scheme: the decision. 14.2.7 The Scheme: award of costs. 14.3 Arbitration. 14.3.1 General. 14.3.2 The appointment of an arbitrator. 14.3.3 Powers of the arbitrator. 14.3.4 CIMAR procedure. 14.4 Legal proceedings. 14.5 Summary. Table of Cases . Clause Number Index to Text . Subject Index

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Book Synopsisexamples from the built environment demonstrate the application of each topic area highlights potential problems and suggests practical methods to resolve them avoids duplication of introductory material provides a thorough, concise and current literature review of each issue.Trade Review"[The book] will be of unquestionable interest, use and value to researchers undertaking al types and levels of research across the built environment spectrum … It will prove to be a valuable edition to the body of knowledge supporting research practice within the built environment ... Highly recommended." (Building Engineer, February 2009)Table of ContentsForeword xi Introduction xiii Contributors xix 1 Methodological Pluralism in Construction Management Research 1Andrew Dainty Introduction 1 Research strategy and design 3 The dominant research paradigm within construction management 4 Discussion: The implications of methodological uniformity 6 The case for methodological pluralism in construction management research 8 Challenges in undertaking multi-paradigm research 9 Conclusions 10 Acknowledgements 11 Note 11 References 12 2 Architectural Research 14Alan Penn Introduction 14 A sketch of architectural design 15 The structure of architectural research 17 Space syntax and the social logic of space 18 Conclusion 25 Note 27 References 27 3 Legal Research 28Paul Chynoweth Introduction 28 The epistemology of legal scholarship 28 In search of a methodology 31 The cultural dimension 35 Conclusion 37 References 37 4 Feminist Research 39Pat Morton and Sara Wilkinson Introduction 39 What is feminist research? 39 Locating feminism in the social sciences 40 Locating the feminist researcher 42 Ethical considerations 43 Standpoint epistemologies 44 Participatory action research 45 Oral histories and diaries and women’s voices 45 Can anyone be a feminist researcher? 46 Conclusions 48 References 48 5 Approaches to Economic Modelling and Analysis 51Les Ruddock Introduction 51 General economic models 51 Relationships between economic variables – econometrics 52 Approaches and applications in the construction sector 56 Conclusions 61 References 62 6 Epistemology 64Andrew Knight and Neil Turnbull Introduction 64 Concepts 65 Classical epistemology 66 Modern epistemology 68 Postmodernism and the critique of epistemology 71 Conclusion 72 References 74 7 Scientific Theories 75Göran Runeson and Martin Skitmore Introduction 75 The philosophy behind theories 75 Scientific theories 76 Working as a scientist 77 The plot gets complex 78 Testing social science theories 79 A solution (or two) 83 Building new theories 83 Conclusions 84 References 84 8 Grounded Theory 86Kirsty Hunter and John Kelly Introduction 86 What is grounded theory? 86 Substantive to formal theory 87 Data collection and analysis 89 The theory building procedure 90 Data sorting 91 Coding and comparison groups 91 Theory development in case studies 93 Grounded theory challenges 93 Scope and limitations of theory 94 A good theory 95 The derived theory 96 Summary 96 References 97 9 Case Study Research 99David Proverbs and Rod Gameson Introduction 99 Case study research: An overview 99 Designing case studies 100 Identifying and selecting the case(s) 101 Collecting the information 101 Analysing the information 103 Writing up 104 Example 104 Conclusions 108 Acknowledgement 109 Notes 110 References 110 10 Interviews: A Negotiated Partnership 111Richard Haigh Introduction 111 The interview method 112 Interviews in the built environment disciplines 115 Planning, conducting and analysing interviews 116 Conclusion 120 References 120 Further reading 120 11 Questionnaire Design and Factor Analysis 122Mike Hoxley Introduction 122 Construction 123 Attitude scales 124 Piloting 125 Sampling 125 Administration 126 Coding 127 Software packages 127 Coding missing values 127 Data entry 128 Factor analysis 128 Summary 133 References 134 12 Using Software to Analyse Qualitative Data 135Andrew King Introduction 135 Why use software? 136 Comparison of software 136 Methodology and software 137 Analytic distance 139 Learning to use CAQDAS 139 The quality of qualitative research 140 Conclusion 141 References 141 13 Getting Started in Quantitative Analysis 144Chris Leishman Introduction 144 The essence of sampling theory 145 Other common forms of hypothesis test 147 Inference and causality – basic regression models 148 Multiple regression models 150 Concluding remarks 153 References 154 14 Artificial Neural Network Modelling Techniques for Applied Civil and Construction Engineering Research 155Abdelhalim Boussabaine and Richard Kirkham Introduction 155 First concepts 155 System dynamics 157 Network structure and nomenclature 158 System architecture design 160 Recent advances in construction and civil engineering research 166 Neuro-fuzzy modelling 167 Conclusion: Why neuro-fuzzy models? 167 References 169 15 Social Network Analysis 171Stephen Pryke Introduction 171 Why choose social network analysis? 172 Concepts and terminology 173 Finally on SNA theory and techniques 178 Software for the analysis of networks 178 Conclusion 180 References 181 16 Managing the Thesis 183Alan Griffith and Paul Watson Introduction 183 Defining the thesis 183 Having a clear research focus 184 Developing and managing the draft thesis 185 Producing the final version of the thesis 188 Knowing the thesis and preparing for the viva voce 189 Conclusions 192 References 192 Further reading 192 17 Getting Your Research Published in Refereed Journals 193Will Hughes Introduction 193 Writing good journal papers 193 Elements of a journal submission 198 Editorial processes 202 Publication and dissemination 205 Conclusion 205 Note 206 References 206 18 Researcher Attitudes and Motivation 207David Boyd Introduction 207 Inner self 207 Personal environment 211 The research project 212 Research environment 213 Conclusion: Keeping going and succeeding 214 References 215 19 Built Environment Futures Research: The Need for Foresight and Scenario Learning 216John Ratcliffe Introduction 216 Concept and context 216 Conclusion 226 References 227 Index 229

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Book SynopsisThe Party Wall Casebook, now available in paperback, is an essential reference tool for surveyors, architects, engineers and lawyers. It provides a comprehensive analysis of over 80 leading cases which define the courts' approach to the Party Wall etc Act 1996 and the related common law rules.Table of ContentsWhat is a party wall?; What is 'Work in pursuance of the Act'?; Identifying the owners; The validity of notices; The nature of the surveyor's role; Proper constitution of the surveyors' tribunal; Surveyors' jurisdiction; Surveyors' powers; Damage to adjoining property at common law; Surveyors' power to award compensation and making good; Challenges to surveyors' decisions; Appendices - Statutes

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Book SynopsisPre-contract Studies: Development Economics, Tendering and Estimating provides a comprehensive introduction to the property development process, with an emphasis on the financial analysis of projects in the context of development values and construction costs. The book covers capital investment, funding sources, the economics of development, evaluation of financial data, whole life costing and tendering, estimating and cash flow considerations. The process of getting a project from inception to completion is examined in detail, while the different methods of development appraisal, and the way developers'' budgets are calculated, are explored with worked examples. The third edition has been extensively revised to reinforce aspects of valuations and more information has been added on the major property companies and who owns the land in Britain, as well as on conservation, PFI and value management. A large number of charts and graphs are new. The book is used on Table of ContentsThe development process; Property investment economics; Capital investment; Financial data evaluation; Development appraisal; Urban land economics; Economics of property investment; Sources of finance: Project construction costs; Budgeting, costing and cash flows; Procurement; Tendering and estimating; Development and trends; References and bibliography

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Book SynopsisWhenever a contractor undertakes work using one of the standard building contracts, however small the job, writing a good many letters will be involved. Some will be formal notices it is necessary to give; others will be letters it is prudent to send. This book provides a set of over 300 standard letters for use with the standard forms of building contract and sub-contract and aims to cover all the common situations which contractors will encounter when involved in a contract. It has been substantially revised to take account of the 2005 suite of JCT contracts, together with changes in case law and the 2007 CDM Regulations. The letters are for use with the following contracts: JCT Standard Building Contract (SBC), JCT Intermediate Building Contract (IC) and ''with contractor''s design'' (ICD), JCT Minor Works Building Contract (MW) and ''with contractor''s design'' (MWD), JCT Design and Build Contract (DB), JCT Standard Table of ContentsPreface to the Fourth Edition xvii Introduction xix 1 Tendering 1Letters 1 To architect, requesting inclusion in list of tenderers 2 2 To architect, if no response to request for inclusion on list of tenderers 3 3 To architect, agreeing to tender 4 4 To architect, if contractor unwilling to tender 5 5 To architect, if contractor asked to provide information prior to inclusion on tender list 6 6 To architect, if the contractor is informed that the tender date is delayed and is still willing to submit tender 7 7 To architect, if the contractor is informed that the tender date is delayed and is unwilling to tender 8 8 To architect, acknowledging receipt of tender documents 9 9 To architect, regarding questions during the tender period 10 10 To architect, requesting extension of tender period 11 11 To architect, withdrawing qualification to tender 12 12 To architect, if confirming offer where the overall price is dominant 13 13 To architect, if withdrawing offer where the overall price is dominant 14 14 To architect, if amending offer where the pricing document is dominant 15 15 To architect, if tender accepted (a) 16 16 To architect, if tender accepted (b) 17 17 To architect, if tender accepted (c) 18 18 To architect, if purporting to accept tender 19 19 To architect, if another tender accepted 20 2 Contract Documents 21Letters 20 To architect, returning contract documents 23 21 To architect, if mistakes in contract documents and previous 22 To architect, if mistakes in contract documents and no previous acceptance of tender 25 23 To architect, if contractor asked to commence before contract documents signed, but tender accepted 26 24 To architect, if contractor asked to commence before contract documents signed and tender not accepted 27 25 To architect, if contract not signed and certification due 28 3 Insurance and Other Project Planning Matters 29Letters 26 To architect, seeking approval to the names of insurers for employer’s liability 30 27 To architect, regarding contractor’s insurance (a) 31 28 To architect, regarding contractor’s insurance (b) 32 29 To employer, regarding contractor’s insurance (c) 33 30 To employer, within 21 days of acceptance of tender or renewal of insurance 34 31 To architect, after approval of insurers for employer’s liability 35 32 To architect, regarding professional indemnity insurance 36 33 To architect, if professional indemnity insurance is no longer available at commercially reasonable rates 37 34 To architect, if Joint Fire Code remedial measures are a variation 38 35 To architect, if Joint Fire Code remedial measures are a variation, but require emergency action 39 36 To employer, regarding employer’s insurance (a) 40 37 To employer, regarding employer’s insurance (b) 41 38 To employer, regarding employer’s insurance (c) 42 39 To employer, who fails to maintain insurance cover (a) 43 40 To employer, who fails to maintain insurance cover (b) 44 41 To architect and employer, if any damage occurs due to an insured risk (a) 45 42 To architect and employer, if any damage occurs due to an insured risk (b) 46 43 To architect, on receipt of letter of intent 47 44 To architect, if contractor asked to sign a warranty 48 45 To architect, on receipt of defective third party rights notice 49 46 To architect, on receipt of request for warranty 50 47 To architect, if contractor asked to supply a performance bond 51 48 To employer, if asked to execute a novation agreement 52 49 To architect, enclosing the construction phase plan 54 50 To architect, regarding person-in-charge or agent (a) 56 51 To architect, regarding the appointment of a site manager (b) 57 52 To architect, regarding consent to removal or replacement of site manager 58 53 To architect, if required to furnish names and addresses of operatives 59 54 To architect, if passes are required 60 55 To employer, regarding the employer’s representative 61 56 To employer, regarding the project manager 62 4 Operations on Site 63Letters 57 To employer, if possession not given on the due or the deferred date (a) 64 58 To employer, if possession not given on the due date (b) 66 59 To architect, if date for possession advanced 67 60 To employer, giving consent to the engagement of other persons 68 61 To employer, withholding consent to the engagement of other persons 69 62 To architect, regarding items in minutes of site meeting 70 63 To architect, enclosing master programme (a) 71 64 To architect, enclosing master programme (b) 72 65 To architect, enclosing revision to the master programme 73 66 To architect, requesting information 74 67 To architect, if insufficient information on setting out drawings 75 68 To architect, requesting information that setting out is correct 76 69 To architect, if information received late 77 70 To architect, if information not received in accordance with the information release schedule 78 71 To architect, if design fault in architect’s or consultant’s drawings 79 72 To architect, if a design fault in architect’s or consultant’s drawings which the architect refuses to correct 80 73 To architect, if contractor providing contractor’s design documents 81 74 To architect, who fails to return the contractor’s drawings in due time 82 75 To architect, if architect returns contractor’s design document marked ‘C’ 83 76 To architect, if architect confirms a comment on documents marked ‘C’ 84 77 To architect, if contractor providing contractor’s design documents 85 78 To architect, if contractor providing levels and setting out information 86 79 To architect, who returns contractor’s drawings with comments 87 80 To architect, if discrepancy found between documents 88 81 To architect, if discrepancy within the Employer’s Requirements 89 82 To architect, if discrepancy within the Contractor’s Proposals 90 83 To architect, if discrepancy found between Employer’s Requirements and Contractor’s Proposals 91 84 To architect, if alleging that contractor should have checked the design 92 85 To employer, pointing out design error in Employer’s Requirements 93 86 To architect, requesting directions to integrate the design 94 87 To architect, noting divergence between statutory requirements and other documents (a) 95 88 To architect, noting divergence between statutory requirements and other documents (b) 96 89 To architect, if emergency compliance with statutory requirements required 97 90 To architect, if a change in statutory requirements after base date 98 91 To architect, if development control decision after base date 99 92 To employer (not being a local authority), objecting to the nomination of a replacement architect 100 93 To employer (not being a local authority), objecting to the nomination of the employer as replacement architect 101 94 To employer, if replacement architect not appointed 102 95 To employer, objecting to the nomination of a replacement quantity surveyor 103 96 To architect, regarding directions issued on site by the clerk of works 104 97 To architect, regarding instructions issued on site by the clerk of works 105 98 To architect, if clerk of works defaces work or materials 106 99 To architect, if numerous ‘specialist’ clerks of works visiting site 107 100 To architect, if clerk of works instructs operatives direct 108 101 To quantity surveyor, submitting a Schedule 2 quotation 109 102 To architect, regarding verification of vouchers for daywork 110 103 To employer, if disagreement over whether work is a variation or included in the contract 111 104 To architect, requiring the specification of the clause empowering an instruction (a) 112 105 To architect, requiring the specification of the clause empowering an instruction (b) 113 106 To architect, confirming an oral instruction 114 107 To architect, requesting confirmation of an oral instruction 115 108 To architect, if oral instruction not confirmed in writing 116 109 To architect, objecting to exclusion of person from the Works (a) 117 110 To employer, objecting to exclusion of person from the Works (b) 118 111 To architect, objecting to instruction varying obligations or restrictions 119 112 To architect, withholding consent to instruction altering the design of the Works 120 113 To architect, if attempting to vary the Contractor’s Proposals 121 114 To architect, on receipt of 7 day notice requiring compliance with instruction (a) 122 115 To architect, on receipt of notice requiring compliance with instruction (b) 124 116 To architect, if instruction will affect the contractor’s designed portion 126 117 To architect withholding consent, if instruction will affect the contractor’s design 127 118 To architect, removal of unfixed materials 128 119 To architect, if materials are not procurable 129 120 To architect, if wishing to substitute materials or goods 130 121 To architect, after failure of work or materials or goods 131 122 To architect, if contractor objects to complying with a clause 3.15.1 instruction 132 123 To architect, after work opened up for inspection 133 124 To architect, if excavations ready for inspection 134 125 To architect, if issuing an instruction after ordering removal of defective work 135 126 To architect, if issuing instruction for opening up after ordering removal of defective work 136 127 To architect, if issuing instruction for removal of defective work 137 128 To architect, if wrongly issuing instruction following failure to carry out the work in a proper and workmanlike manner 138 129 To architect, if work to be covered up 139 130 To architect, if antiquities found 140 5 Payment 142Letters 131 To architect, enclosing interim application for payment (a) 143 132 To architect, enclosing interim application for payment (b) 144 133 To quantity surveyor, submitting valuation application 145 134 To architect, if quantity surveyor fails to respond to the valuation application 146 135 To architect, if interim certificate not issued 147 136 To architect, if certificate insufficient 148 137 To employer, if payment not made in full and no withholding notice issued 149 138 To architect, regarding copyright if payment withheld 150 139 To employer, if the advance payment is not paid on the due date 151 140 To architect, if valuation not carried out in accordance with the priced activity schedule 152 141 To architect, if contractor not asked to be present at measurement 153 142 To architect, requesting payment for off-site materials 154 143 To employer, giving 7 days notice of suspension 155 144 To employer, if payment in full has not been made within 7 days despite notice of suspension 156 145 To employer, requesting interest on late payment 157 146 To employer, requesting retention money to be placed in a separate bank account 158 147 To employer, if failure to place retention in separate bank account 159 148 To architect, enclosing all information for preparation of final certificate 160 149 To architect, enclosing final account 161 150 To employer, disputing the final account 162 151 To architect, if final certificate not issued on the due date (a) 163 152 To architect, if final certificate not issued on the due date (b) 164 153 To architect, if final certificate not issued on the due date (c) 165 6 Extensions of Time 166Letters 154 To architect, if delay occurs, but no grounds for extension of time 167 155 To architect, when cause of delay ended if no grounds for extension of time 168 156 To architect, if delay occurs giving grounds for extension of time (a) 169 157 To architect, if delay occurs giving grounds for extension of time (b) 170 158 To architect, providing further particulars for extension of time (a) 171 159 To architect, providing further particulars for extension of time (b) 172 160 To architect, if requesting further information in order to grant extension of time 173 161 To architect, if unreasonably requesting further information in order to grant an extension of time 174 162 To architect, if extension of time is insufficient 175 163 To architect, who is not willing to reconsider an insufficient extension of time 176 164 To architect, if extension of time not properly attributed 177 165 To architect, if extension of time not granted within time stipulated 178 166 To architect, if slow in granting extension of time 179 167 To architect, if review of extensions not carried out (a) 180 168 To architect, if review of extensions not carried out (b) 181 169 To architect, if no final decision on extensions of time (c) 182 170 To architect, who alleges that contractor is not using best endeavours 183 171 To architect, if non-completion certificate or notice wrongly issued 184 172 To employer, if liquidated damages wrongfully deducted 185 173 To employer, if damages repaid without interest 186 7 Loss and/or Expense 187Letters 174 To architect, applying for payment of loss and/or expense (a) 188 175 To architect, applying for payment of loss and/or expense under the supplemental provisions (b) 189 176 To architect, applying for payment of loss and/or expense (c) 190 177 To architect, applying for payment of expense (d) 191 178 To architect, giving further details of loss and/or expense (a) 192 179 To architect or quantity surveyor, enclosing details of loss and/or expense (b) 193 180 To quantity surveyor, providing information for calculation of expense (c) 194 181 To architect, if ascertainment delayed (a) 195 182 To architect, if ascertainment delayed (b) 196 183 To architect, if ascertainment too small 197 184 To employer, regarding a common law claim 198 185 To employer, regarding a common law claim 199 8 Termination, Arbitration, Adjudication and Completion 200Letters 186 To employer or architect, if default notice served 201 187 To employer or architect, if default notice served justly 203 188 To employer, if premature termination notice issued 204 189 To employer who terminates after notification of cessation of terrorism cover 205 190 To employer, giving notice of default before termination 206 191 To employer, terminating employment after default notice 207 192 To employer, terminating employment on the employer’s insolvency 208 193 To employer, where either party may terminate 209 194 To employer, terminating if suspension has not ceased after notice 210 195 To employer, terminating employment after damage by insured risk 211 196 To employer, giving notice of intention to refer a dispute to adjudication 212 197 To nominating body, requesting nomination of an adjudicator 213 198 To adjudicator, enclosing the referral 214 199 To employer, if the adjudicator’s decision is in your favour 215 200 To employer, requesting concurrence in the appointment of an arbitrator 216 201 To appointing body, if there is no concurrence in the appointment of an arbitrator 217 202 To architect, if practical completion of the Works or a section imminent 218 203 To architect, if completion certificate wrongly withheld (a) 219 204 To architect, if completion statement wrongly withheld (b) 220 205 To employer, consenting to early use 221 206 To employer, consenting to partial possession (a) 222 207 To employer, consenting to partial possession (b) 223 208 To employer, issuing written statement of partial possession 224 209 To employer, refusing consent to partial possession 225 210 To architect, after receipt of schedule of defects 226 211 To architect, when making good of defects completed 227 212 To architect, returning drawings, etc. after final payment if requested 228 9 Sub-Contractors 229Letters 213 To employer, requesting consent to assignment 230 214 To employer, if asked to consent to assignment 231 215 To sub-contractor, assessing competence under the CDM Regulations 232 216 To a designer, assessing competence under the CDM Regulations 233 217 To architect, requesting consent to sub-letting 234 218 To employer, requesting consent to addition of persons to clause 3.8 list 235 219 To employer, giving consent to addition of person to clause 3.8 list 236 220 To sub-contractor: letter of intent 237 221 To sub-contractor, regarding part of the construction phase plan 238 222 To sub-contractor, enclosing part of the construction phase plan 239 223 To domestic sub-contractor, requiring a warranty if not noted in the invitation to tender 240 224 To domestic sub-contractor, requiring a warranty if not noted in the contract documents 241 225 To architect, if domestic sub-contractor refuses to provide a warranty which was not originally requested 242 226 To architect, objecting to a named person (a) 243 227 To architect, objecting to a nominated sub-contractor (b) 244 228 To architect, if contractor unable to enter into a sub-contract with named person (a) 245 229 To architect, if unable to enter into sub-contract with named person in accordance with particulars (b) 246 230 To architect, if some listed sub-contractors will not tender 247 231 To architect, if contractor enters into a sub-contract with named person 248 232 To architect, if contractor enters into contract with named person 249 233 To sub-contractor, regarding insurance 250 234 To sub-contractor that fails to maintain insurance cover 251 235 To sub-contractor, enclosing drawings 252 236 To sub-contractor, if asked to consent to assignment 253 237 To sub-contractor that sub-lets without consent 254 238 To sub-contractor, giving consent to sub-letting 255 239 To sub-contractor, if no person-in-charge 256 240 To sub-contractor, requiring compliance with direction 257 241 To sub-contractor that fails to comply with direction 258 242 To sub-contractor, if contractor dissents from alleged oral direction 259 243 To sub-contractor that wrongly confirms an oral direction 260 244 To sub-contractor that confirms an oral direction which was given 261 245 To sub-contractor, if non-compliant work allowed to remain 262 246 To sub-contractor, if defective work opened up 263 247 To sub-contractor, inspection after failure of work 264 248 To sub-contractor, after failure of work 265 249 To sub-contractor, accepting Schedule 2 quotation 266 250 To sub-contractor, rejecting Schedule 2 quotation 267 251 To sub-contractor, if necessary to measure work 268 252 To sub-contractor, fixing a new period for completion 269 253 To sub-contractor, fixing a new period for completion after practical completion of the sub-contract works 270 254 To sub-contractor, if no extension of time due 271 255 To sub-contractor, if claim for extension of time is not valid 272 256 To sub-contractor, if sub-contract works not complete by due date (a) 273 257 To sub-contractor, if sub-contract works not complete within the period for completion (b) 274 258 To sub-contractor, requesting further information in support of a financial claim 275 259 To sub-contractor, applying for payment of loss and/or expense (a) 276 260 To sub-contractor, applying for payment of loss and/or expense (b) 277 261 To sub-contractor, giving notice of an interim payment 278 262 To sub-contractor, enclosing payment 279 263 To sub-contractor, giving withholding notice 280 264 To adjudicator, enclosing written statement 281 265 To sub-contractor if adjudicator appointed, but there is no dispute 282 266 To adjudicator, if there is no dispute 283 267 To sub-contractor, if sub-contractor has wrongly sent 7 day notice of intention to suspend performance of obligations 284 268 To sub-contractor, if sub-contractor has correctly sent 7 day notice of intention to suspend performance of obligations 286 269 To sub-contractor, requesting documents for calculation of the final sub-contract sum 287 270 To sub-contractor that has failed to submit documents for the calculation of the final sub-contract sum (a) 288 271 To sub-contractor that has failed to submit documents for the calculation of the final sub-contract sum (b) 289 272 To sub-contractor, enclosing final payment 290 273 To employer, giving notice of the named sub-contractor’s default 291 274 To sub-contractor, giving notice of default before termination 292 275 To sub-contractor, giving notice before determination 293 276 To architect, if termination of named person’s employment possible 294 277 To sub-contractor, terminating employment after default notice (a) 295 278 To sub-contractor, determining the sub-contract after notice (b) 296 279 To sub-contractor, determining the sub-contract without prior notice 297 280 To sub-contractor, terminating employment after termination of the main contract 298 281 To sub-contractor, termination on insolvency 299 282 To sub-contractor, if cessation of terrorism cover notified 300 283 To sub-contractor, notifying the employer’s election after cessation of terrorism cover notified 301 284 To sub-contractor that serves a default notice (a) 302 285 To sub-contractor that serves a default notice before determination (b) 303 286 To sub-contractor that serves notice of termination (a) 304 287 To sub-contractor that serves notice of determination (b) 306 288 To architect, if employment of named person terminated 308 289 To architect, if employment of named person terminated under ICSub/NAM/C clause 7.4, 7.5 or 7.6 309 290 To architect, if contractor instructed to carry out named person’s work after termination of named person’s employment 311 291 To architect, if contractor decides to sub-let after termination of named person’s employment 312 292 To employer, if money recovered after termination of named person’s employment 313 293 To sub-contractor, requesting details for the health and safety file 314 294 To sub-contractor, if contractor dissents from date of practical completion 315 295 To sub-contractor, notifying practical completion after earlier dissent 316 296 To sub-contractor, enclosing schedule of defects 317 297 To sub-contractor, directing that some defects are not to be made good 318 298 To sub-contractor, if deduction made under main contract for inaccurate setting out 319 299 To architect, if action threatened because of named person’s design failure 320 300 To sub-contract architect, engineer or other consultant, regarding professional indemnity insurance 321 301 To sub-contract architect, engineer or other consultant, if late in providing information 322 302 To sub-contract architect, engineer or other consultant, if action threatened because of design failure 323 303 To sub-contract architect, engineer or other consultant, at the end of a successful project 324 Index 325

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Book SynopsisMaintaining a building is expensive: it costs many times more to run a building than to build it, yet maintenance is often accorded a low priority. Building Maintenance covers the technical aspects of maintenance for undergraduate students on built environment courses, particularly building surveying and facilities management.Trade Review"Brian Wood continues to push forward this long important but 'emerging' discipline and must take his share of the credit for the awareness now developing about the maintenance manager's role ... .I highly commend the work and intend to include it on the reading list for the Facilities Management degree students I feel privileged to assist in this vital career." (Building Engineer, February 2010)Table of ContentsForeword by Professor Jim Smith. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1 Introduction. Arrangement of this book. Problems. Checklists. Maintenance: what is it; what is it for? Definitions. Shortcomings of definitions. Purposes of building maintenance. Context of building maintenance. Political. Economic. Social. Technological. Environmental. Summary. References. 2 Design temptations. Design standards. Design team. Design quality. Summary. References. 3 Maintenance planning. Strategy. What, where, when, how, (and how often), who and why. Why a maintenance plan? What? Where? When? How? Who? Communication. Case study: estate strategy in a UK university. Background. Issues. Proposal. Progress. Assessment. Summary. References. 4 The client. The key decision maker. Reminder: the client pays the bills. Wants and needs. How to determine and differentiate wants and needs. Practical application: example scenario. Seeking advice. When to seek advice? How often to seek advice. How soon to seek advice. From whom to seek advice. Giving advice. Taking advice. Summary. References. Useful websites. 5 Expectations. Functionality. Standards. Overproduction. Transportation. Waiting. Inventory. Motion. Overprocessing. Defects and rework. Other ‘wastes’. Customer service. Needs of the future: looking ahead. A worked example – developing a checklist related to expectations. Case study: maintenance delivery in a UK university. Organisational context. Priorities. Monitoring and reporting. Reflection. Summary. References. Websites. 6 Day-to-day prioritisation. Basics. Getting by. Putting off. Maintenance and building inheritance. Heritage. The helpdesk. Today’s needs. Tomorrow. Possible future scenarios. Major works. Minor works. The Intermediate form. Capital projects. Revenue works. Capitalised repairs. Planned maintenance. Response maintenance. Checklist application. Budgets, costs and contracts. Contracts. Procurement. Decision making and recording. Summary. References. 7 Deterioration. Weather and climate. Processes. Rain and snow. Damp. Wind. Sun/ultraviolet light. Temperature changes. Durability. Decay. Wear and tear. Projecting from past performance. Data vs. information. Limitations. Functional obsolescence. Case study: a local authority. Background. Issues. Action. Findings. Reflection. Summary. References. 8 Building defects and avoidance. Avoidance of defects. Defects at the inception/pre-design stage. Defects at the design stage. Defects occurring during the construction stage. Defects while the building is in occupation. How to avoid defects. ‘Zero defects’. Repair/replace decisions. Specifications. Summary. References. Useful websites. 9 Organisingmaintenance works. Organisation. Direct labour. Specialist contractors. General contractors. Selecting contractors. Procurement. Prices and pricing. Schedules of rates. Tenders and tendering. Contracts. Service level agreements. Case study: innovative building maintenance in a supermarket chain Background. Context. Issues. Findings. Wider application. Statutory requirements. Development control: town and country planning. Building control: Building Regulations. Health and safety: Construction Design and Management Regulations. Work in progress. Supervision. Inspection. Payments. Feedback. Summary. References. 10 Defect recognition and rectification: General. Inspection. Why? How? When? Where? Who should inspect? What is to be done? Recognition. Recording. Reporting. Recognising, recording and reporting condition. Extent. Priority. Rectification. Defect rectification specifications. Execution. Follow-up. Checklist: defect recognition and rectification. Summary. References. 11 Defect recognition and rectification: Foundations, basements and external works. Outline: general arrangement. Symptoms. Possible causes. Rectification. Avoidance. Foundations. Cracks. Ground conditions. Underpinning. Avoidance of problems in future. Basements and cellars. Water table. Underground streams. Cracked pipes and drains. Tree roots. Ventilation. Sloping sites. External works. Freestanding walls. Retaining walls. Fences. Paths. Steps and ramps. Parking. Soft landscaping. Common areas generally. Summary. References. Useful websites. 12 Defect recognition and rectification: External walls, doors and windows. External walls and frames. Symptoms and possible causes. Rectification work. Concrete. Claddings. Windows and external doors. Swelling and sticking. Shrinkage and gaps. Distortion. Weathering and detailing. Metal windows. Bay windows. Doors. Glass and glazing. Double and triple glazing; replacement doors and windows; PVCu. Cills, heads, reveals and canopies. Decorations. Summary. References. 13 Defect recognition and rectification: Chimneys, roofs and roofspaces, rainwater disposal. Chimneys. Pitched roofs. Slates. Clay tiles. Concrete tiles. Asbestos–cement slates and sheets. Fibre–cement. Sheet metal roofs. Other roofing materials. Roof forms and related details. Valleys. Eaves. Dormer windows and other penetrations. Steps – flashings. Gables. Attics and roofspaces. Pitched roof structures. Flat roofs. Lead. Felt. Asphalt. Insulation. Protection. Green roofs. Rainwater disposal. Summary. References. Helpful website. 14 Defect recognition and rectification: Floors, stairs and internal walls. Ground floors. Floor finishes. Intermediate floors. Stairs. Handrails and balustrading. Means of escape; protected routes. Internal walls and finishes. Summary. References. 15 Defect recognition and rectification: Building services. Plumbing: water, waste and soil. Gas. Gas usage. Electrical and communication systems. Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning. Fire, security and other specialist services. Security. Summary. References. 16 Upgrading and improvement. Changing standards. Incremental change. Exponential change. Step change. Local or international standards. What do we want? Similar organisations. How to decide? How far to go? Move or improve? Mini case study. Checklist. Summary. References. 17 The rehabilitation process. Preparation. Briefing. Time: the essence. Place. Specifications. Decanting. Work in progress. Preparing to move back. Check. Summary. References. 18 New life in the building. How was it for you? The learning organisation. Techniques and timings. Periodic overview. Annual review. Formal feedback. Post-occupancy evaluation (POE). Pros and cons: why POE? Who should do POE? Monitoring and refreshing. Documentation. Refreshing the building. Refreshing the organisation and staff. Time and tide. Checklist. Summary. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisThis book addresses the behavior of individuals and groups within the different organizations that come together on construction projects and within the organizations created to manage projects. It describes how their behavior impacts on the performance of construction organizations and their contribution to the project as a whole.Trade Review"The book would be appropriate for undergraduate and postgraduate students in construction as well as middle and senior management. While the author employs mainstream literature on organizational behavior, he effectively makes it relevant specifically to the construction industry." (Book News, 1 October 2011) Table of ContentsPreface viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 What is organizational behaviour? 2 1.2 Critiques of organizational behaviour 5 1.3 Working in construction 6 1.4 An illustration 7 1.5 The development of organizational behaviour 9 1.6 Organizational behaviour, common sense and research 13 1.7 The rationale of this book 14 2 Individual Behaviour 16 2.1 The constituents 16 2.2 Ability 16 2.3 Attitudes 17 2.4 Attitude and behaviour 18 2.5 Job satisfaction 20 2.6 Job satisfaction and performance 23 2.7 Job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour 26 2.8 Job satisfaction and client satisfaction 27 2.9 Job satisfaction, turnover and absenteeism 28 2.10 Personality 29 2.11 Personality assessment 35 2.12 Values 38 2.13 Personality, values and the construction professions 39 2.14 Perception 43 2.15 Creativity 49 2.16 The significance of individual behaviour for construction 49 3 Emotions, Feelings and Stress 52 3.1 Rationality 52 3.2 Emotions and moods 53 3.3 Disguising emotions 55 3.4 Emotional stereotyping and emotional cultures 56 3.5 Emotional Intelligence 58 3.6 Stress 60 3.7 Causes of stress 62 3.7.1 Work stressors 62 3.7.2 Non-work stressors 67 3.8 Differences in individual responses to stress 68 3.9 Consequences of stress 70 3.9.1 Burnout 71 3.10 Managing work-related stress 72 4 Morality, Ethics and Trust 75 4.1 Introduction 75 4.2 The nature and scope of ethical behaviour in business organizations 77 4.3 Organizational pressures 80 4.4 Specific issues of ethics in business 84 4.5 Professional ethics in construction 86 4.5.1 Codes of conduct 93 4.6 Trust 95 4.6.1 Types of trust 97 4.6.2 Antecedents of trust 100 4.6.3 The rational-choice approach 101 4.6.4 Trust in construction 102 4.6.5 Trust and transaction cost economics 104 5 Motivation 107 5.1 Introduction 107 5.2 Content theories of motivation 110 5.3 Process theories of motivation 115 5.4 Job design and job enrichment 123 5.5 Empowerment 125 5.6 Rewarding employees 128 5.7 A critique 130 6 Communications 133 6.1 Introduction 133 6.2 The communication process 135 6.3 Communication channels 138 6.3.1 Face-to-face communication 138 6.3.2 Non-verbal communication 139 6.3.3 Impression management 141 6.4 Listening 141 6.5 Questioning 142 6.6 Barriers and issues 143 6.7 Aspects of organizational communication 148 6.8 End piece 151 7 Authority, Power and Politics 153 7.1 Introduction 153 7.2 Authority 154 7.3 Power 156 7.4 Relationship between authority and power 157 7.5 Sources of power 158 7.6 Personality and power 161 7.7 Politics in organizations 162 7.8 Types of political activity 165 7.9 The ethics of political behaviour 166 7.10 Power and leadership 166 7.11 Authority and power in the construction process 167 7.11.1 Power within client organizations 169 7.11.2 Power and project team members 170 7.12 Politics, projects and firms 172 7.13 Empowerment again 173 7.13.1 Empowerment and projects 174 8 Culture 177 8.1 Introduction 177 8.2 Definitions 178 8.3 Critiques of organizational culture 179 8.4 Organizational climate 181 8.5 Organizational culture, types and performance 182 8.5.1 Types of organizational culture 183 8.5.2 Adaptive cultures 184 8.6 Corporate image 185 8.7 Applications to construction organizations 185 8.8 Observable aspects of culture 187 8.9 Creating, sustaining and changing organizational culture 189 8.10 Cultures, subcultures and construction 191 8.11 Culture and ethics 194 8.12 Industry cultures 195 8.13 National cultures 198 9 Groups and Teams 201 9.1 Introduction 201 9.2 Defining groups and teams 202 9.3 Critique 203 9.4 Teams in construction organizations 206 9.5 Types of group and team 207 9.6 Structure and roles 214 9.6.1 Structure 214 9.6.2 Roles 215 9.7 Group development 218 9.7.1 Team building 218 9.7.2 Managing groups 219 9.7.3 Size and composition 220 9.7.4 Norms 221 9.7.5 Leadership 221 9.8 Behaviour in teams 222 9.9 Teams in general vs. project teams in construction 228 10 Decision-making 232 10.1 Introduction 232 10.2 The rational model 233 10.3 The types and nature of decisions 235 10.4 Behaviour in decision-making 236 10.5 Group decision-making 242 10.6 Group decision-making techniques 252 11 Leadership, Learning and Change 254 11.1 Introduction 254 11.2 Traits approach 256 11.3 Behavioural approach 257 11.4 Democratic vs. autocratic leadership styles 259 11.5 Contingency approach 259 11.5.1 Fielder’s model 260 11.5.2 Situational leadership 262 11.6 Path-goal theory 265 11.7 Vroom’s decision tree approach 266 11.8 Adopting different leadership styles 267 11.9 Leader-member exchange theory 268 11.10 Inspirational approaches 269 11.10.1 Charismatic leadership 269 11.10.2 Transformational (and transactional) leadership 270 11.11 Authentic leaders 271 11.12 More widely-based leadership 271 11.13 Leadership in perspective 272 11.13.1 Attributing leadership 273 11.13.2 Leadership substitutes and neutralizers 273 11.14 Leaders’ perceptions 274 11.15 Women as leaders 275 11.16 Culture and leadership 276 11.17 Leadership in construction 277 11.17.1 Leadership of construction-related organizations 277 11.17.2 Leadership and the client’s interdisciplinary project team leader 282 11.17.3 Project leadership qualities 287 11.18 Learning organizations and organizational change 289 11.19 The learning organization 289 11.20 Organizational change 294 11.20.1 Change agents 297 11.20.2 Resistance to change 297 11.20.3 Business process re-engineering 298 11.20.4 Processual/contextual perspectives 299 11.20.5 Organizational development 299 References 302 Index 323

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Book SynopsisThis guide to green 'retro-fitting' for facility mangers struggling to reduce their building's carbon footprint will help in the planning and management of a sustainable refurbishment program. The first part of the book provides the context, presenting the structure and linkage between the other chapters.Trade Review“This book provides insight into the planning and management of a sustainable refurbishment project , from the point of view of the facility manager . It includes comprehensive improvement strategies and technical support , from examples of the installation of low-carbon technologies to waste minimisation and suggested material use.” (Building Design, 16 November 2012)Table of ContentsPreface ix Acknowledgements xi Abbreviations xii Part 1 Introduction to Building Refurbishment 1 Chapter 1 What is Building Refurbishment? 3 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Definitions of Refurbishment 5 1.3 Building Refurbishment Market and Size 10 Endnotes 14 Chapter 2 Sustainable Refurbishment 15 2.1 Introduction 16 2.2 Overview of Sustainable Development 17 2.3 Sustainable Development and Building Refurbishment 29 Endnotes 33 Chapter 3 Occupant Evaluation 34 3.1 Introduction 35 3.2 Changes in Work Patterns 37 3.3 Pre- and Post-Occupancy Evaluations (POE) 38 Endnotes 45 Part 2 Managing Refurbishment as a Process 47 Chapter 4 Drivers for Sustainable Refurbishment? 49 4.1 Market Pressures 50 4.2 Return on Investment 55 4.3 Regulatory Incentives 60 4.4 Financial Incentives and Taxes 65 4.5 Climate Change 71 4.6 Corporate Responsibility 76 4.7 Skills 79 Endnotes 81 Chapter 5 Developing a Business Plan and Strategy 84 5.1 Costs and Risks to Refurbish 85 5.2 Barriers to Refurbishment 86 5.3 Delivering Commercially Viable Refurbishment 87 5.4 Factors to Consider to Improve the Performance 88 5.5 Defining the Strategy 89 Endnotes 89 Chapter 6 Managing Delivery 90 6.1 Delivering a Sustainable Refurbishment 91 6.2 Minor Refurbishment Approach 92 6.3 Major and Comprehensive Refurbishment Approach 94 6.4 Green Leases 96 6.5 ISO 14001 Environmental Management Standards 98 6.6 Energy Star 101 6.7 Managing-Delivery Checklist 102 Endnote 102 Chapter 7 Managing Impacts 103 7.1 International Standards 104 7.2 LEED and BREEAM 106 7.3 Project Sustainability Assessment 110 7.4 Performance Improvements from Standards 114 7.5 Behavioural Change 116 Endnotes 117 Part 3 Low-Carbon Technologies and Materials 119 Chapter 8 Energy-Efficiency Measures 121 8.1 Introduction 122 8.2 Refurbishment Options and Approach 125 8.3 Assessing Costs of Energy-Efficiency Measures 130 8.4 Fabric and Passive Energy-Efficiency Measures 134 8.5 Energy-Efficiency Measures – Mechanical 141 8.6 ESCOs and Energy-Performance Contracting 148 8.7 Energy-Efficiency and Low-Carbon Checklist 154 8.8 Health and Indoor-Environment Checklist 155 Endnotes 156 Chapter 9 Behavioural Change 157 9.1 Commissioning Buildings 158 9.2 Energy Conservation as a Behaviour 160 Endnotes 164 Chapter 10 Renewable Energy 165 10.1 Introduction 166 10.2 Photovoltaic (PV) Panels 168 10.3 Solar Thermal Hot-Water Systems 170 10.4 Wind Turbines 173 10.5 Biofuel Heating 175 10.6 Geothermal Energy 179 10.7 Combined Heat and Power (CHP) 180 10.8 Heat Pumps 183 Endnote 185 Chapter 11 Embodied Carbon 186 11.1 Introduction 187 11.2 Embodied Carbon Standards 188 11.3 Varying Embodied Carbon Values in Buildings 192 Case Study 1 – London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority (LFEPA): Energy Case Study 196 Case Study 2 – 89 Culford Road: Extreme Low-Carbon Dwelling Refurbishment 202 Case Study 3 – Empire State Building to Become a Model of Energy 205 Endnotes 214 Part 4 Environmental Areas 215 Chapter 12 Material Use and Resource Efficiency 217 12.1 Introduction 218 12.2 Material-Certification Schemes 219 12.3 Material Procurement 221 12.4 Designing-in Sustainable Materials 222 12.5 Material Resource Efficiency 224 12.6 Site Waste Management 226 12.7 Materials and Resource Efficiency Checklist 230 Endnotes 231 Chapter 13 Water Conservation 233 13.1 Performing a Water Audit 234 13.2 Reducing Water Use 236 13.3 Rainwater Harvesting 238 13.4 Flood Risk and Sustainable Drainage Systems 240 13.5 Water-Conservation Checklist 240 Endnote 241 Chapter 14 Biodiversity 242 14.1 Introduction 243 14.2 Green Roofs and Walls 244 14.3 Provision for Birds 253 14.4 Biodiversity Checklist 254 Endnotes 255 Chapter 15 Transport 256 15.1 Developing a Travel Plan 257 15.2 Delivery Travel Plans 259 15.3 Transport Checklist 260 Glossary 262 Further Reading and Websites 266 Index 271

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Book SynopsisOrganised in three parts, Brickwork and Blockwork provides the student with an introduction to the diploma syllabus, complete coverage of the individual training units for the Diploma in Bricklaying and finally coverage of the methods of gathering work-based evidence, its preparation and the skills of mapping and tracking.Trade Review"The well-constructed chapters include highlighted definitions, sample worksheets, photos, diagrams, tips, activities, quizzes, and sources for further information." (Booknews, 1 April 2011) Table of ContentsIntroduction. Acknowledgements. Chapter 1 Health and Safety. Chapter 2 Handling and Storage of Materials. Chapter 3 Working at Height. Chapter 4 Communication and Site Documentation. Chapter 5 Mixing Mortar. Chapter 6 Roof Construction. Chapter 7 Sketching and Drawing. Chapter 8 Blocklaying Skills. Chapter 9 Numeracy Skills. Chapter 10 Bricklaying Skills. Chapter 11 Tools and Equipment. Chapter 12 Pointing and Jointing. Chapter 13 Bonding. Chapter 14 Materials. Chapter 15 Cavity Walls. Chapter 16 Setting Out and Levelling. Index.

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Book SynopsisManaging Change in Construction Projects: a knowledge-based approach offers a new perspective on construction project change by viewing the process of change management as a knowledge-intensive activity, where team members bring their tacit and explicit knowledge into the situation; share, create and capture this collective knowledge for future re-use in similar situations. Through this knowledge-based approach, construction teams can successfully resolve and learn from change events, leading to an overall improved performance of the industry. The book will make a significant contribution to our understanding of construction project change by offering new theoretical and practical insights and models grounded in results of case studies conducted within two collaborative construction project team settings. By demonstrating how the social construction of knowledge works in construction settings, the authors challenge the prevailing change management solutions basTrade Review“Managing Change in Construction Projects is a book that seems not to know its purpose. It is a beautifully written research publication, but one that presents in the style of a PhD or major research project, and seems well described by the abstract for the first author’s thesis, although no such acknowledgement or reference is givens.” (Construction Management and Economics, 1 February 2012) "This volume will appeal to advanced students of management theory and high level planners in the building industry." (Book News, 1 March 2011) Table of ContentsAbout the Authors. Chapter 1 Introduction. 1.1 Background. 1.2 Need for the Investigation. 1.3 Questions to Research. 1.4 Summary and Link. Chapter 2 Key Issues from the Literature. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Construction Project Environment. 2.3 Construction Project Change Management. 2.4 Knowledge Management Perspective. 2.5 Role of Knowledge During Reactive Change Process. 2.6 Towards a Knowledge-Based Reactive Change Process. 2.7 Summary and Link. Chapter 3 Research Methodology. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Case Study Research Design. 3.3 Data Collection Process. 3.4 Data Analysis Process. 3.5 Summary and Link. Chapter 4 Case Study Results. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Case Study: Project A. 4.3 Case Study: Project B. 4.4 Summary and Link. Chapter 5 Cross-Case Analysis. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Contextual Factors of Change: P1 Discussion. 5.3 Knowledge Properties During Change: P2 Discussion. 5.4 Knowledge Identification and Utilisation During Change: P3 Discussion. 5.5 Intra-Project Knowledge Creation During Change: P4 Discussion. 5.6 Inter-Project Knowledge Transfer During Change: P5 Discussion. 5.7 Summary and Link. Chapter 6 Conclusions. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Summary of Propositions. 6.3 Comment on the Conceptual Model. 6.4 Conclusions about the Overall Research Problem. 6.5 Implications for Theory. 6.6 Implications for Practice. Appendix A Interview Guidelines. Appendix B Example of an Interview Transcript. Appendix C Comparison Between Propositions and Codes. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisConstruction site visits are a popular way for undergraduate students to become acquainted with the practical aspects of construction, but these visits only show students a small proportion of the technology of construction.Trade Review"This publication should prove to be a first choice for any student of construction as it offers the ideal foundation of up to date information, methods and techniques used in various construction projects today." (Mark Wheeldon)Table of ContentsChapter 1 – Establishing the Site. Chapter 2 – Materials Management. Chapter 3 – Demolitions and Excavation. Chapter 4 – Foundations and Piling . Chapter 5 – Earth Support and Basements. Chapter 6 – Handling Concrete. Chapter 7 – Building Frames. Chapter 8 – Steel Structures and Roofs. Chapter 9 – Formwork in Construction. Chapter 10 – Floor Construction. Chapter 11 – Cladding Buildings. Chapter 12 – Timber Framed Construction. Chapter 13 – Domestic Housing Construction.

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Book SynopsisThis is a definitive guide to the materials used in architecture during the past century, as well as tips on building repair and restoration. Over the concluding decades of the 20th-century, the historic preservation community increasingly turned its attention to modern buildings, including bungalows from the 1930s, diners from the 1940s, and office buildings and architectural homes from the 1950s. Conservation efforts, however, were often hampered by a lack of technical information about the products used in these structures, and to fill this gap Twentieth-Century Building Materials was developed by the U.S. Department of the Interior's National Park Service and first published in 1995. Now, this invaluable guide is being reissued - with a new preface by the book's original editor. With more than 200 illustrations, including a full-color photographic essay, the volume remains an indispensable reference on the history and conservation of modern building materials. Thirty-seven essays written by leading experts offer insights into the history, manufacturing processes, and uses of a wide range of materials, including glass block, aluminium, plywood, linoleum, and gypsum board. Readers will also learn about how these materials perform over time and discover valuable conservation and repair techniques. Bibliographies and sources for further research complete the volume.

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Book SynopsisBusinesses, consumers, industry groups, and governments understand the importance of innovation and the innovation process for continued economic success and improvements in quality of life. However, innovation remains an opaque topic. A paradox exists in housing at-large; using innovation is vital yet accounting for the value to individual organizations remains a challenge. This paradox is supported by a landscape that includes a sizeable graveyard of failed attempts at innovation on grand and small scales. This book seeks to decrease the opacity of innovation processes in residential construction and housing. Along with the next book in the collection, this book addresses key questions pertinent to the potential for widespread diffusion of green buildings and for improvements in community sustainability. The overarching purpose of this book is to provide context and foundation for later books in the collection and to assist readers in peeling back the complex layers of innovation in housing and residential construction.

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Book SynopsisBusinesses, consumers, industry groups, and governments understand the importance of innovation for continued economic success and improvements in quality of life. However, innovation in the housing and residential construction industry remains a topic about which little is known while a small but growing literature is making positive progress. Building on the first book in the Housing Innovation collection, the purpose of this book is to share new research paradigms that focus on innovation and are, in and of themselves, innovative. The first chapters focus on a newly created diffusion of innovation model and its application to the industry while later chapters showcase several innovative techniques that shed new light on housing, residential construction, and policy-making. As the second book in the Housing Innovation collection, this book is designed to assist readers as they continue to peel back the complex layers of innovation in housing and residential construction.

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Book SynopsisBathroom remodeling continues to top the list of the most common remodeling projects. All New Bathroom Ideas that Work contains essential information on all aspects of a bathroom update or complete remodel, from fixtures to lighting and cabinetry to flooring, so homeowners can make smart choices about what they want and can afford. . Completely updated to include over 250 photos . Addresses design trends, accessibility, and high-tech options for the bathroom. AUTHOR: David Schiff is the author of two Stanley Homeowner Guides-Built-ins & Storage and Outdoor Projects. He is the author of several other how-to books and has written articles on home design, building, and general interest for a number of publications. He has worked as editorial director for Creative Homeowner Press and for Reader's Digest Illustrated Reference Books.

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents the first half of a diverse collection of chapters in the field of materials and infrastructures in transport systems, which illustrate the technological and methodological innovations required to rise to the challenge of building more sustainable transport infrastructures for the future. The authors explore the potential of these sustainable solutions to improve the performance and efficiency of materials and infrastructures, with a reduced environmental impact and lower cost. Theoretical and practical case studies address a variety of topics including circular economy and sustainability, the impacts of climate change, durability, lifecycle, auscultation and the monitoring of infrastructures. This book provides transport researchers and professionals with a better understanding of the current and future trends in these innovative fields, enabling them to put into practice new technologies and methods of design and management, so that new solutions can become current practices to truly improve modern transport systems.Table of ContentsPart 1. Materials for Infrastructures 1. Use of an Ultra-wide Band Radar to Detect Slope Movements Along Transport Infrastructures Jean-Pierre Magnan, Jean-Paul Duranthon, Patrick Joffrin, François Depardon, Dominique Allagnat, François Lemaître, 
Philippe Evenat and Philippe Le Ster 2. Intelligent Compaction Technology for Geomaterials: A Demonstration Project António Gomes Correia and Manuel Parente 3. Geotechnical Challenges Related to Transport Infrastructures on Sensitive Soft Clay Deposits Vikas Thakur and Bjorn Kristoffer Dolva 4. Performance Control of Bituminous Mixtures with a High RAP Content Frédéric Delfosse, Ivan Drouadaine, Stéphane Faucon Dumont and Sabine Largeaud 5. Integration of Materials Science- based Performance Models into PMS Altred Weninger-Vycudil, Michael Wistuba, Goran Mladenovic, Johan Litzka, Axel Walther and Alexander Alisov 6. Decision Aid Model for Asphalt Mixture Choice Nicolas Bueche and André-Gilles Dumont 7. Experimental Study of Binder–Filler Interaction Using the Modified Multiple Stress–Strain Creep Recovery Test Mahmoud Elnasri, Nick Thom and Gordon Airey 8. Reliability of New Shear Design Equations for FRP-strengthened Concrete Bridge Girders Ayman M. Okeil, Abdeldjelil Belarbi and Daniel A. Kuchma 9. Experimental Investigation and 
Modeling of the Bond between Aramid
 Fiber-reinforced Polymer Bars and Concrete Arnaud Rolland, Sylvain Chataigner, Karim Benzarti, Marc Quiertant, Pierre Argoul and Jean-Marc Paul 10. Innovative Use of FRP for Sustainable Precast Concrete Structures Sami Rizkalla Part 2. Auscultation and Monitoring 11. 3D Extraction of the Relief of Road Surface through Image Analysis Majdi Khoudeir and Benjamin Bringier 12. Measurement Error Models (MEMs) Regression Method to Harmonize Friction Values from Different Skid Testing Devices Azzurra Evangelisti, Samer W. Katicha, Edgar De León Izeppi, Gerardo W. Flintsch, Mauro D’apuzzo and Vittorio Nicolosi 13. Accurate and Up-to-Date Evaluation of Extreme Load Effects for Bridge Assessment Xiaoyi Zhou, Franziska Schmidt, François Toutlemonde and Bernard Jacob 14. Transportation Infrastructure Monitoring Using Satellite Remote Sensing Edward Hoppe, Brian Bruckno, Elizabeth Campbell, Scott Acton, Andrea Vaccari, Michael Stuecheli, Adrian Bohane, Giacomo Falorni and Jessica Morgan 15. Monitoring of Scour Critical Bridges using Changes in the Natural Frequency of Vibration of Foundation Piles: A Preliminary Investigation Luke J. Prendergast and Kenneth Gavin 16. Evaluation of Multilayer Pavement Viscoelastic Properties from Falling Weight Deflectometer using Neural Networks José Manuel Gonzalez, Josep Maria Carbonell and Wouter Van Bijsterveld 17. Accuracy of Ground-penetrating 
Radar in Pavement Thickness Evaluation: Impact of Interpretation Errors Anne Lalagüe, Matthew A. Lebens and Inge Hoff 18. Full-scale Test on Prefabricated Slabs for Electrical Supply by Induction of Urban Transport Systems Mai-Lan Nguyen, Pierre Hornych, Jean-Pierre Kerzrého and Sergio Perez Part 3. Durability and Maintenance Repair 19. The Poroelastic Road
Surface (PERS): Is the 10 dB Reducing Pavement within Reach Luc Goubert, Hans Bendtsen, Anneleen Bergiers, Björn Kalman and Darko Kokot 20. Modeling Subjective Condition Data of Asphalt Surfaced Urban Pavements Rayya Hassan, Oliver Lin and Amutha Thananjeyan 21. Modeling of Aging of Low-noise Road Surfaces Gijsjan Van Blokland, Ronald Van Loon and Christiaan Tollenaar 22. Evaluation of Load-carrying Capacity of Asphalt Superstructures from Deflection Measurements J. Stefan Bald and Anh-Duc Nguyen 23. Durable Pothole Repairs Cliff Nicholls, Kathrin Kubanek, Carsten Karcher, Andreas Hartmann, Adewole Adesiyun, Aleksander Ipavec, Jozef Komaka and Erik Nielsen 24. Application of Multicriteria Assessment for the Selection of At-grade Intersections Jan Hradil, Michal Uhlík and Petr Slabý 25. Low-energy and Environmentally-friendly Solutions for Road Maintenance Bernard Eckmann, Frédéric Delfosse, Philippe Poilane and Bruno Taillis 26. 3D Longitudinal and Transverse Cracking and the Influence of Non-Uniform Contact Pressure on the Stress Intensity Factors of these Cracks Dermot B. Casey, James R. Grenfell and Gordon Airey 27. Selecting a Road Network Maintenance Strategy to Achieve the Operator’s Objectives Pierre Hankach and Philippe Lepert

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents the second half of a diverse collection of chapters in the field of materials and infrastructures in transport systems, which illustrate the technological and methodological innovations required to rise to the challenge of building more sustainable transport infrastructures for the future. The authors explore the potential of these sustainable solutions to improve the performance and efficiency of materials and infrastructures, with a reduced environmental impact and lower cost. Theoretical and practical case studies address a variety of topics including circular economy and sustainability, the impacts of climate change, durability, lifecycle, auscultation and the monitoring of infrastructures. This book provides transport researchers and professionals with a better understanding of the current and future trends in these innovative fields, enabling them to put into practice new technologies and methods of design and management, so that new solutions can become current practices to truly improve modern transport systems.Table of ContentsPart 4. Recycling and Sustainability Issues 28. Introduction to European COREPASOL
Project on Harmonizing Cold Recycling Pavement Techniques Jan Valentin, Jan Suda, Zuzana Formanová, Konrad Mollenhauer, Michael Engels, Fátima Batista and Ciaran Mcnally 29. Technical Performance and Benefits 
of Recycling of Reclaimed Asphalt Containing Polymer-modified Binder in Premium Surface Layers Greet Leegwater, Jozef KomačKA, Gang Liu, Erik Nielsen and Eva Remišova 30. Case Study: Increasing the Percentage of Recycled Asphalt Marjan Tušar and Lidija Avsenik 31. Evaluation of Long-term Glass-grid Test Section using a Unique Method Maciej Maliszewski, Przemysław Harasim, Dominika Maliszewska and Adam Zofka 32. Effect of Using of Reclaimed
 Asphalt and/or Lower Temperature Asphalt on the Availability of the Road Network Cliff Nicholls, Matthew Wayman, Konrad Mollenhauer, Ciaran Mcnally, Amir Tabaković, Amanda Gibney, Aikaterini Varveri, Sean Cassidy, Rea Shahmohammadi and Kevin Gilbert 33. Brazilian Road Deterioration Test: Final Report Gustavo Garcia Otto, Leto Momm and Amir Mattar Valente Part 5. Railways and Inland Navigation 34. Application of Different Methods for Rehabilitation of Existing Transition Zones on Old Railway Lines Marko Vajdić, Duo Liu, Stanislav Lenart and Irina Stipanović Oslaković 35. CAPACITY4RAIL: Toward a
 Resilient, Innovative and High-capacity
 European Railway System for 2030/2050 Laurent Schmitt, Fabien Létourneaux, Isabelle De Keyzer and Paul Crompton 36. Secondary Stiffness of Fastening Clips: Influence on the Behavior of the Railway Track Panel Konstantinos Giannakos 37. A New Asset Management Approach for Inland Waterways, Markus Hoffmann Katrin Haselbauer, Alexander Haberl, Ronald Blab, Markus Simoner, Klaus Dieplinger and Thomas Hartl 38. 3D Numerical Simulation of
 Convoy-generated Waves and Sediment Transport in Restricted Waterways Abdellatif Ouahsine, Ji Shengcheng, Hassan Smaoui, Philippe Sergent and Nicolas Huybrechts Part 6. Climate Resilient Roads 39. Potential Impact of Climate
Change on Porous Asphalt with a Focus on Winter Damage Kyle Kwiatkowski, Irina Stipanovic Oslakovic, Andreas Hartmann and Han Ter Maat 40. Risk Assessment of Highway Flooding in the Netherlands Dirk Pereboom, Kees Van Muiswinkel and Thomas Bles 41. Adaptation of the Road Infrastructure to Climate Change Markus Auerbach and Carina Herrmann 42. The Impacts of Climate Change on Pavement Maintenance in Queensland, Australia Gary Chai, Rudi Van Staden, Hong Guan, Greg Kelly and Sanaul Chowdhury Chapter 43. Design Guideline for a Climate
 Projection Data Base and Specific Climate Indices for Roads: CliPDaR Christoph Matulla, Joachim Namyslo, Konrad Andre, Barbara Chimani and Tobias Fuchs

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Book SynopsisThis book is the second of four dealing with bioclimatic design and construction by focusing on the most basic and polyvalent of modern environmental systems: the bioclimatic greenhouse, the "Swiss-army chainsaw" of architecture. More specifically, this second volume focuses on how the structure of bioclimatic wooden greenhouses may be designed and built. In more general terms, it helps us consider how to design and build the structure of bioclimatic, low-energy architecture, with low environmental impact. This multi-volume book covers both free-standing greenhouses that can naturally heat and cool themselves, and lean-to greenhouses that support the natural heating and cooling of buildings; this includes both agricultural greenhouses and greenhouses suited to host people. As a result, it is a trans-disciplinary work deriving its areas of concern from a broad range of study areas, spanning from environmental, to constructional, to structural, drawing the clarity of the approach from the fact that the topics are presented by a single author with a single voice and a designer's mindset. To achieve this, the book adopts a composite set of explanatory strategies and communication registers – including extensive support by 3D construction drawings and examples – and presents not only stateof-the-art solutions, but also experimental ones.Table of ContentsIntroduction ix Chapter 1 Light Frames (Wooden Frames) 1 1.1 Commonest solution: platform-frame-like or balloon-frame-like curtain walls framed with studs/mullions 6 1.2 Types of connections in wooden construction 7 1.2.1 Head-to-head butt joint 7 1.2.2 Head-to-side butt joint 9 1.2.3 Lap joints 11 1.2.4 Nailed connections 12 1.2.5 Screwed connections 14 1.2.6 Bolted connections 14 1.2.7 Tooth plate connections 14 1.2.8 Glued connections 15 1.3 Types of connections between structural sub-systems 15 1.3.1 Interfacing the frames of the front façade and the roof 15 1.3.2 Interfacing the frames of the side walls and the roof 17 1.3.3 Gable walls 21 1.3.4 Opaque enclosures 29 1.3.5 Back walls 30 1.3.6 Connection between the roof of a building and the roof of the greenhouse attached to it 42 1.4 Alternative structural solution: light-frame curtain walls supported by horizontal purlins 42 1.5 Alternative structural solution: trussed light-frame structures 43 1.5.1 Trusses and trussed portals or semi-portals orthogonal to the front façade 44 1.5.2 Light-frame trussed portals parallel to the front façade 44 1.6 Criteria for the construction of light-frame trusses and trussed portal frames 45 1.6.1 Chords, diagonals and uprights overlapped on different planes 45 1.6.2 Chords, diagonals and uprights on the same plane 45 1.6.3 Transversal connection of portal frames 46 1.6.4 Bracing strategies in light frames 46 1.7 Intermixing parts of timber frames into light frames 51 1.8 Analogies with cold-rolled light frames 52 1.9 Arched and vaulted construction in light frames 53 1.9.1 Lamella vaults 53 1.9.2 Geodesic domes 57 Chapter 2 Timber Frames 61 2.1 Intermixing light-frame parts into timber frames 62 2.1.1 Light frame completely additional to the timber frame 63 2.1.2 Combining timber frames and light frames 64 2.2 Connections in timber-frame greenhouses 75 2.2.1 Traditional connections in timber frames 76 2.2.2 Modern connections in timber frames 77 2.3 Structural solutions with the primary beams of the frames orthogonal to the front façade 110 2.3.1 Post-and-beam greenhouses with primary beams perpendicular to the front façade 111 2.3.2 Trussed post-and-beam greenhouses with primary beams perpendicular to the front façade 118 2.3.3 Portal frames perpendicular to the front façade 120 2.3.4 Spans of the secondary structural elements in greenhouses having the principal beams orthogonal to the main façades 129 2.3.5 Frames or portal frames, solid or trussed, parallel to the front façade 130 2.4 Pole construction 132 2.4.1 Treating timber poles for a longer life span 132 2.4.2 Solutions for cantilevering the poles from the ground 134 2.4.3 Solutions for connecting girders or beams to the poles 136 2.4.4 Pole greenhouse construction 137 2.5 Bracing strategies in timber frames 149 2.5.1 Bracing with cables or rods 151 2.5.2 Bracing with short massive diagonals 152 2.5.3 Bracing the bays with full-length diagonals connected with butt joints by means of steel plates 152 2.5.4 Bracing with full-length lap-joined diagonals 152 Chapter 3 Foundations 161 3.1 Foundation walls and foundation sills 161 3.2 Construction strategies for foundation walls 168 3.2.1 Preparing the ground for a foundation wall 169 3.2.2 Boulders-and-mortar wall foundation 169 3.2.3 Brick masonry wall foundation 170 3.2.4 Conventionally mortared hollow concrete block wall foundation 170 3.2.5 Parged hollow concrete block wall foundations 172 3.2.6 Concrete foundation walls 172 3.2.7 Wooden-frame foundations 172 3.2.8 Timber foundations 175 3.2.9 Pier foundations 184 3.2.10 Insulation of the foundation wall 184 3.2.11 The foundation wall as a sill 186 3.3 Drainage around the foundation wall 186 3.4 Pavements 187 3.5 Platform frame floors raised above the ground 188 Chapter 4 Heating and Cooling Systems; Watering Systems 191 4.1 Heating and cooling plants 191 4.1.1 Air-based systems 191 4.1.2 Water-based systems 193 4.2 Heat recovery via air-to-air heat exchangers 193 4.3 Passive and low-energy heating and cooling solutions based on the thermal exchange with the ground 194 4.3.1 GAHT systems 195 4.3.2 Ground-air heat exchangers -- Canadian wells 197 4.3.3 Considerations about the transfer of heat to remote masses by convection 199 4.3.4 Surface air-to-ground heat exchange (experimental) 202 4.4 Auxiliary heating systems 204 4.4.1 Electric heating 206 4.4.2 Common stoves 209 4.4.3 Rocket mass stoves 209 4.4.4 Water systems coupled with burners or heat pumps 209 4.4.5 Active systems using renewable energy sources 210 4.4.6 Heat pumps 211 4.5 Auxiliary cooling systems 211 4.6 Integration of photovoltaic panels in greenhouses 213 4.7 Integration of passive solar heating panels in greenhouses 214 4.8 Watering systems 215 4.8.1 Most common water sources 216 4.8.2 Water containers 217 4.8.3 Water distribution 217 4.9 Solutions for water catchment and storage suitable for self-building 219 4.9.1 Creation of low-cost ponds 220 4.9.2 Rainwater collection 221 Conclusion 225 References 227 Index 241 Summaries of other volumes 245

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Book SynopsisThis book is the fourth of four dealing with bioclimatic design and construction by focusing on the most basic and polyvalent of modern environmental systems: the bioclimatic greenhouse, the "Swiss-army chainsaw" of architecture. More specifically, this fourth volume focuses on architectural integration, environmental prediction and how to simulate and structurally size a bioclimatic wooden greenhouse. In more general terms, it helps us to consider how to design and build the structure of bioclimatic, low-energy architecture, with low environmental impact. This multi-volume book covers both free-standing greenhouses that can naturally heat and cool themselves, and lean-to greenhouses that support the natural heating and cooling of buildings; this includes both agricultural greenhouses and greenhouses suited to host people. As a result, it is a trans-disciplinary work deriving its areas of concern from a broad range of study areas, spanning from environmental, to constructional, to structural, drawing the clarity of the approach from the fact that the topics are presented by a single author with a single voice and a designer's mindset. To achieve this, the book adopts a composite set of explanatory strategies and communication registers – including extensive support by 3D construction drawings and examples – and presents not only stateof-the-art solutions, but also experimental ones.Table of ContentsIntroduction vii Chapter 1 Greenhouse Typologies 1 1.1 Stand-alone greenhouse typologies 1 1.1.1 At the core of the stand-alone solar greenhouse conception 4 1.1.2 Cold frames 10 1.1.3 Solar pit greenhouses 11 1.1.4 Tall stand-alone greenhouses 11 1.1.5 “Non-solar” stand-alone greenhouses 14 1.2 Greenhouses serving buildings 19 1.2.1 Integrating the direct gain strategy 19 1.2.2 Integrating the indirect gain scheme from attached solar greenhouses 21 1.2.3 Atria 44 1.2.4 Greenhouses as buffer spaces 46 1.2.5 The house-in-greenhouse scheme 47 1.2.6 Solutions using the ground as primary thermal storage 50 1.3 Additional readings 59 Chapter 2 Calculation Approaches 61 2.1 Thermal calculations 62 2.1.1 Calculation of the heat transmission through an opaque panel 62 2.1.2 Determination of the average temperature of a greenhouse in steady state 68 2.1.3 A simplified calculation method of the steady-state temperature in a stand-alone solar greenhouse (experimental) 72 2.1.4 Thermal flux through an indirect solar gain system like a solar wall 88 2.1.5 Thermal flux through an attached greenhouse 89 2.2 Computer simulation as a calculation approach 90 VI Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses 4 2.3 Environmental simulation by means of open-source tools 92 2.3.1 Basic thermal modeling and simulation criteria 93 2.4 Structural calculations 136 2.4.1 Preliminary structural sizing 136 2.4.2 Preliminary structural sizing with open-source simulation tools 174 2.4.3 Techniques for exploring the design options on the basis of the simulated performances 178 2.4.4 Metamodeling 201 Chapter 3 Design Studies 211 3.1 What is still to be said in greenhouse design 211 3.2 Calimali’s greenhouse in Fagnano Olona, Italy By Greenhouse Design Workshop 212 3.3 House “D” in Nantes Xavier Fouquet 220 3.4 Bioclimatic house in Villeneuve-Tolosane, France – Nycholas Eydoux 229 3.5 House in Vals, Italy Studio Albori 247 3.6 Rehabilitation and extension of the house “AT” in Fagnano Olona Paolo Carlesso 257 3.7 Greenhouse from recycled windows at “Casamatta”, Gurone, Malnate (Varese), Italy Marta Robecchi 261 3.8 House “GdA” in Cairate, Italy Paolo Carlesso 270 3.9 A conference greenhouse at Cascina Cuccagna in Milan Studio Arcò 275 Conclusion 285 Afterword 287 Appendices 289 Appendix 1: Thermal and Acoustic Properties of Construction Materials 291 Appendix 2: Strength of Timber According to the Norm EN 338 295 Appendix 3: Properties of Transparent Materials 299 References 301 Index 319 Summaries of other volumes 323

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Book SynopsisThe diverse range of papers in this issue gives a global perspective of the often extraordinary challenges that temporary works can and do involve.

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Book SynopsisOffering critical insights to the state-of-the-art in Building Information Modeling (BIM) research and development, this book outlines the prospects and challenges for the field in this era of digital revolution. Analysing the contributions of BIM across the construction industry, it provides a comprehensive survey of global BIM practices. Accessible and thorough, the chapters explore the theory behind and facilitators of BIM, covering knowledge management around BIM, the development of ontologies and language in the area, holistic implementations, and BIM ecosystems. The book further discusses the technological developments of BIM, including scan-to-BIM, 3D digital reconstruction and AI and robotics techniques. Critical analysis of BIM-enabled construction and engineering management innovations are also examined, highlighting prospects and challenges in the area.This will be a critical read for engineering, construction management and architecture students looking for a comprehensive study of BIM. It will also be beneficial to practitioners working in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner & Operation (AECOO) industry wanting a better understanding of the benefits and future developments of BIM.Trade Review‘The ongoing development and adoption of Building Information Modelling has led to many valuable innovative practices in the construction industry. This exciting compilation of leading research on BIM by experts from around the world is essential reading for all those seeking to transform the construction industry.’ -- Keith Hampson, President, International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB)‘This book is a timely collection covering the current state-of-the-art research and emerging trends in Building Information Modeling (BIM). The roles of BIM for a broad range of important applications, from robotics, safety management, energy and waste management, block chain to digital twins, are covered. With contributions by eminent researchers across the globe, the collection highlights the prospects of digital technology for the building industry of tomorrow. The Research Companion to Building Information Modeling is a definitive reference for researchers and practitioners in building and construction engineering.’ -- Kincho H. Law, Stanford University, US‘This book integrates the wisdom of many experts and scholars, combines theory with practice, shows the cutting-edge achievements in the field of Building Information Modeling (BIM), and allows us to see the latest progress in theoretical research, technological development, and project application of BIM. The book includes the integrated application of BIM and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotics, as well as the innovations of BIM in industrialized buildings, prefabricated design, and safety management. Meanwhile, it also foresees the future of integrating BIM with blockchain, CIM, and other technologies. I believe that the book will definitely have a positive impact on the industry-academic exchanges of BIM and the practical application of construction projects.’ -- Diao Zhizhong, Chairman, Glodon Company Ltd., China‘Having worked with serial builders for over 25 years I have witnessed how Building Information Modeling has helped deliver significantly better project outcomes. With such a wide range of perspectives regarding this technology, the Research Companion to Building Information Modeling is a must read for anyone who plays a role in the design and construction process.’ -- Jon Antevy, Founder of e-BuilderTable of ContentsContents: Foreword I xvi Patrick MacLeamy Foreword II xix Ada Y. S. Fung 1 Introduction to the Research Companion to Building Information Modeling 1 Weisheng Lu and Chimay J. Anumba PART I THEORY FUSION AND FACILITATORS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING 2 Building information modeling and ontologies: overview of shared representations 12 Aaron Costin and Pieter Pauwels 3 A grounded theory based framework for level of development implementation within the Information Delivery Manual 35 Angel Gigante-Barrera, Darshan Ruikar, Soroosh Sharifi and Kirti Ruikar 4 Building information modeling and knowledge management 60 Ghang Lee 5 An integrated model of factors and barriers influencing building information modeling and lean construction adoption 80 Gao Shang and Mehran Oraee 6 Building information modeling adoption and localization 102 Jing Wang and Weisheng Lu 7 Building information modeling for built asset and environment: pioneers and facilitators in Hong Kong 124 Ada Yin Suen Fung 8 Building information modeling ecosystem: an overview 150 Bimal Kumar PART II TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING 9 Automated scan-to-building information modeling 169 Jong Won Ma, Thomas Czerniawski and Fernanda Leite 10 As-built building information modeling: joint effort of 3D reconstruction and semantic enrichment 190 Fan Xue 11 Rapid scan-to-building information modeling using robotics and artificial intelligence for construction applications 212 Jingdao Chen and Yong Kwon Cho 12 Intelligent clash detection in building information modeling 230 Yuqing Hu and Daniel Castro-Lacouture 13 Building information modeling, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence for automated compliance checking 248 Ruichuan Zhang and Nora El-Gohary 14 Interactive holograms for collaborative visualization of building information models 268 Ralph Tayeh and Raja R. A. Issa 15 Building information modeling, smart construction objects, and pervasive technologies integration 294 Jinying Xu, Weisheng Lu and Xiao Li 16 Extending BIM with multi-sensory immersive virtual environments: fusing human experiences into design 313 Sanaz Saeidi and Yimin Zhu PART III BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING-ENABLED CONSTRUCTION AND ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT INNOVATIONS 17 Complicities between Industrialized Building Systems and Building Information Modeling 333 Roger-Bruno Richard and Ivanka Iordanova 18 Building information modeling and the virtual permitting process 359 Nawari O. Nawari and Mouloud Messaoudi 19 Building information modeling-enabled platform approach to design for manufacture and assembly 373 Tan Tan, Grant Mills and Eleni Papadonikolaki 20 A case study of building information modeling-enabled prefab logistics for smart construction supply chain management 395 Kai Kang, Ming Li, Wei Wu, H. H. Cheung, Ray Y. Zhong and George Q. Huang 21 An intelligent system for determining productivity and safety index using building information modeling: a case study of IPASS in Singapore 415 Evelyn Teo Ai Lin 22 Building information modeling-enabled construction safety management 436 Hongling Guo, Dongping Fang and Yakang Sun 23 4D building information modeling-enabled safety management for metro construction 460 Hanbin Luo, Lulu Wang and Ke Chen 24 Value delivery of building information modeling in facilities management 476 Saratu Terreno, Chimay J. Anumba and Somayeh Asadi 25 Dynamic-building information modeling workbench for low/net zero energy buildings 502 Ravi Shankar Srinivasan 26 Building information modeling and building automation systems data integration and big data analytics for building energy management 525 Fu Xiao and Cheng Fan 27 Building information modeling-enabled design for construction waste minimization 550 Vikrom Laovisutthichai, Weisheng Lu and Zhikang Bao 28 Circular economy and building information modeling 572 Rabia Charef and Weisheng Lu 29 From building information modeling to hospital information modeling 593 Yongkui Li, Xiyu Pan, Yilong Han and Sarel Lavy PART IV PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES ON THE HORIZON 30 Building information modeling on blockchain: basic principles, development tools, an application scenario, and future directions 615 Young Joo Kim and Miroslaw J. Skibniewski 31 Security-aware data management in building information modeling processes using blockchain 635 Yihai Fang and Xingliang Yuan 32 Beyond building information modeling: the role of cyber-physical systems and digital twins 650 Chimay J. Anumba, Qiuchen Lu and Congwen Kan 33 From building information modeling to digital twin: the core for sustainable smart campus at HKUST 671 Weiwei Chen, Keyu Chen and Jack C. P. Cheng 34 City information modeling and the sustainable city: now and beyond 697 Zhihang Yuan and Xiaoling Zhang 35 Conclusion to Research Companion to Building Information Modeling 717 Chimay J. Anumba and Weisheng Lu Index

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Book SynopsisThis book covers the impact of sustainable masonry on the environment, touting the many benefits of utilizing local and/or low embodied energy materials in the construction of sustainable buildings.Table of ContentsPart 1. Technologies and Construction Process 1. Introduction to Sustainable Masonry. 2. Earth and Stone Materials. 3. Blocks: The Elements of Masonry. 4. Arrangement of Blocks. Part 2. Graphic Statics 5. The Foundations of Graphic Statics. 6. Reduction and Equilibrium of a System of Forces in a Plane. 7. Funicular Polygons. 8. Projective Properties and Duality. Part 3.Yield Design Applied to Masonry 9. Principles of Yield Design. 10. Stability of Curvilinear Masonry. 11. Homogenization and Yield Design of Masonry.

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Book Synopsis Current developments in the renewable energy field, and the trend toward self-production and self-consumption of energy, has led to increased interest in the means of storing electrical energy; a key element of sustainable development. This book provides an in-depth view of the environmentally responsible energy solutions currently available for use in the building sector. It highlights the importance of storing electrical energy, demonstrates the many services that the storage of electrical energy can bring, and discusses the important socio-economic factors related to the emergence of smart buildings and smart grids. Finally, it presents the methodological tools needed to build a system of storage-based energy management, illustrated by concrete, pedagogic examples. Table of ContentsForeword xi Introduction xiii Chapter 1. Storing Electrical Energy in Habitat: Toward “Smart Buildings” and “Smart Cities” 1 1.1. Toward smarter electrical grids 1 1.1.1. The move to decentralize electrical grids 1 1.1.2. Smart grids 2 1.2. Storage requirements in buildings 4 1.3. Difficulties in storing electrical energy 5 1.4. Electricity supply in buildings 7 1.4.1. Building supply and consumption 7 1.4.2. Self-production and self-consumption 10 1.4.3. Micro-grids 11 1.5. Smart buildings 14 1.6. Smart cities 18 1.7. Socio-economic questions 19 1.7.1. Toward new economic models 19 1.7.2. Social acceptability 20 1.8. Storage management 22 1.9. Methodologies used in developing energy management for storage systems 24 Chapter 2. Energy Storage in a Commercial Building 27 2.1. Introduction 27 2.2. Managing energy storage in a supermarket 27 2.2.1. Introduction 27 2.2.2. System characteristics 28 2.2.3. Electricity billing 31 2.2.4. Objectives of the energy management strategy 32 2.2.5. Fuzzy logic supervisor 33 2.2.6. Simulation 46 2.2.7. Performance analysis using indicators 49 2.3. Conclusion 51 2.4. Acknowledgments 52 Chapter 3. Energy Storage in a Tertiary Building, Combining Photovoltaic Panels and LED Lighting 53 3.1. Introduction 53 3.2. DC network architecture 55 3.3. Energy management 56 3.3.1. Specification 56 3.3.2. System inputs/outputs 58 3.3.3. Functional graph 59 3.3.4. Determination of membership functions 61 3.3.5. Operational graph 63 3.3.6. Fuzzy rules 63 3.4. Simulation results 66 3.4.1. Case 1: favorable grid access conditions (GAC) 68 3.4.2. Case 2: unfavorable GACs 69 3.4.3. Case 3: variable GAC 70 3.4.4. Comparison of results 73 3.5. Conclusion 74 3.6. Acknowledgments 75 Chapter 4. Hybrid Storage Associated with Photovoltaic Technology for Buildings in Non-interconnected Zones 77 4.1. Introduction 77 4.2. Photovoltaic systems in buildings and integration into the grid 78 4.2.1. Context and economic issues 78 4.2.2. Examples of projects 80 4.3. Importance of storage in photovoltaic systems 85 4.3.1. Photovoltaic systems for isolated sites 85 4.3.2. Photovoltaic systems connected to the grid 85 4.3.3. Hybrid storage 86 4.3.4. Electronic conversion structures for hybrid storage 88 4.4. Photovoltaic generator with hybrid storage system 91 4.4.1. Case study 91 4.4.2. Principles and standards for frequency support 93 4.4.3. Calculating battery wear 97 4.5. Energy management 99 4.5.1. Methodology 99 4.5.2. Operating specifications 100 4.5.3. Supervisor structure and determination of input/output 101 4.5.4. Functional graphs 103 4.5.5. Membership functions 105 4.5.6. Operating graphs 108 4.5.7. Fuzzy rules 110 4.5.8. Evaluation indicators 113 4.6. Simulation results 114 4.6.1. Supervisor validation 115 4.6.2. Life expectancy of storage elements 120 4.6.3. Efficiency 123 4.6.4. Levelized cost of energy 126 4.7. Experimental validation of energy management 128 4.7.1. Definition of tests 128 4.7.2. Experimental results 129 4.8. Conclusion 132 4.9. Acknowledgments 134 Chapter 5. Economic and Sociological Implications of Smart Grids 135 5.1. Introduction 135 5.2. Actor diversity in smart grids 137 5.3. Economic and sociological implications of smart grids 138 5.3.1. Introduction 138 5.3.2. Implications of smart grids for the value chain 141 5.3.3. The “downstream” role of smart grids 150 5.3.4. The “upstream” role of smart grids 160 5.3.5. Demand management programs 166 5.4. Social acceptability 169 5.4.1. Introduction 169 5.4.2. Conceptual frameworks: points of reference 170 5.4.3. Studies of social acceptability 174 5.4.4. Theoretical application of voluntary load reduction within a reference framework 181 5.4.5. Quality of the load reduction contract 191 5.5. Conclusion 195 5.6. Acknowledgments 196 Chapter 6. Energy Mutualization for Tertiary Buildings, Residential Buildings and Producers 197 6.1. Introduction 197 6.2. Energy mutualization between commercial, tertiary and residential buildings, producers and grid managers 198 6.2.1. Grid actors 198 6.2.2. Energy service aggregator 199 6.2.3. Case study: structure of the micro-grid 201 6.2.4. Consumption and production profiles of actors in the micro-grid 203 6.3. Management of energy mutualization for tertiary buildings, residential buildings and energy producers 205 6.3.1. Objectives and constraints of actors in the micro-grid 206 6.3.2. Supervisor structure: input and output variables 210 6.3.3. Functional graphs 211 6.3.4. Membership functions 212 6.3.5. Operating graphs 217 6.3.6. Fuzzy rules 217 6.3.7. Indicators 221 6.4. Case study 221 6.4.1. Characteristics of the micro-grid 221 6.4.2. Scenarios 222 6.5. Load reduction 228 6.5.1. Load reduction principle 228 6.5.2. Introduction to load reduction and acceptability 229 6.5.3. Simulation of energy management with load reduction 231 6.6. Conclusion 233 6.7. Acknowledgments 233 6.8. Appendix 1 234 Chapter 7. Centralized Management of a Local Energy Community to Maximize Self-consumption of PV Production 235 7.1. Introduction 235 7.2. Energy management issues in residential neighborhoods 242 7.2.1. Electric grid management: basic principles 242 7.2.2. The move toward smart grids 243 7.2.3. A few applications of micro-grids for managing local energy communities 246 7.3. The active PV generator 249 7.3.1. Current PV production 249 7.3.2. Limits and necessary developments 249 7.3.3. Cascade structure 250 7.3.4. Domestic application 251 7.3.5. Energy management of the DC bus 254 7.3.6. Energy management of ultracapacitors 261 7.4. Micro-grid management 263 7.4.1. Organization of electrical grid management 263 7.4.2. Key functions 264 7.4.3. Characteristics of local controllers for distributed production 268 7.4.4. Fundamentals of power balancing 268 7.4.5. Load management 270 7.5. Application to the context of a residential electrical network 270 7.5.1. From managing domestic demand to managing domestic production 270 7.5.2. Residential grids and application of micro-grid concepts 273 7.5.3. Energy management of a micro-grid 277 7.6. Prediction techniques and data processing 278 7.6.1. Predicting PV production 278 7.6.2. Load prediction 279 7.6.3. Energy estimation 281 7.7. Day ahead operational planning and half-hourly power reference calculations 283 7.7.1. Objectives 283 7.7.2. Constraints 283 7.7.3. Determinist algorithm for generator use 284 7.7.4. Practical application 287 7.8. Medium-term energy management 289 7.8.1. Reducing observed deviations 289 7.8.2. Energy management to minimize the aging of batteries 290 7.9. Short-term energy management 292 7.9.1. Primary frequency regulation 292 7.9.2. Power balancing strategies in the active generator 292 7.10. Experimental testing using real-time simulation 294 7.10.1. Benefits of real-time simulation 294 7.10.2. The Electrical Power Management Lab 295 7.10.3. Experimental implementation 297 7.10.4. Analysis of self-consumption in a house 300 7.10.5. Increasing the proportion of PV use in a residential grid 306 7.11. Review of scientific contributions and methodological summary 312 7.12. Concluding thoughts and research perspectives 313 Chapter 8. Reversible Charging from Electric Vehicles to Grids and Buildings 317 8.1. Introduction 317 8.2. Reversible charging of electric vehicles 319 8.2.1. Vehicle to Grid 319 8.2.2. Vehicle to Home and to Building 323 8.2.3. Vehicle to Station and energy hubs 324 8.2.4. Energy service aggregator 325 8.3. Potential services and energy management of reversible EV fleets 325 8.3.1. Services supplied by V2G 325 8.3.2. Energy management of a V2G fleet 328 8.4. Vehicle to Station: V2S 340 8.4.1. Impact and contribution of EVs in a railway station carpark 340 8.4.2. V2S: contribution of V2G technology in a station parking lot 344 8.5. V2H 348 8.6. Conclusion 352 8.7. Acknowledgments 353 8.8. Appendix 353 8.8.1. Detailed functional graphs for the V2G application 353 References 355 Index 369

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Book SynopsisThe complex engineering problems associated with large hoisting equipment and hoisting cranes are wide ranging and require an understanding of a number of engineering disciplines. This text discusses and explains technical issues and considerations in a practical way, and offers a comprehensive review of the different types of cranes and their uses.Table of ContentsWire ropes; drives - calculating motor powers; brakes; standards; sagging and slapping of wire ropes; rock and roll of the spreader; machinery trolleys versus wire rope trolleys; twin-lift positioning; automatic identification equipment (AEI); construction and calculation methods on strength and fatigue; wheels tracks; maintenance.

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Book SynopsisThis book provides construction practitioners with the knowledge they need to successfully coordinate and manage construction projects. Coordination and management are essential functions in the building procedure. Recent research has demonstrated that poor or inadequate coordination is the best that is accomplished on construction sites. Nevertheless, not many writers of construction project management have examined this essential subject. Between project goals and the reality on the ground exist a huge number of conditions that can affect the progress of a project and that is the reason a dynamic ramification amid the development time frame is significant. This book provides construction practitioners with the knowledge they need to successfully coordinate and manage construction projects. It highlights different construction processes required to enhance their practical performance in particular and further the construction industry in general.

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Book SynopsisThis book discusses how climate change and heat islands are a main contributor to water related problems in urban areas in Košice, Slovakia. Green roofs are used as a tool to assist in solving these water related issues. The need to provide housing in urban areas is expected to rise to 66% in 2050, according to the United Nations. Many urban areas have seen natural permeable green areas replaced with concrete constructions and hard, non-permeable surfaces. The densification of existing built-up areas is responsible for the decreasing vegetation, which results in the lack of evapotranspiration cooling the air, thereby creating urban heat islands. Several studies, discussed in this book, have shown that natural and permeable surfaces, as in the case of green roofs, can play a crucial role in mitigating this negative climate phenomenon and providing higher efficiency for buildings, leading to savings such as water, one of the focal points of this research.Table of ContentsIntroduction1. Questionnaire2. Climate Change Is Not a Threat of Future, It Is Already Happening Now 3. Heat Islands4. Colors: Green, Blue, Red5. Košice 6. Modeling Košice Heat Islands Map7. Modeling Košice Green Roofs Map8. Conclusion and Future Benefits9. ReferencesAppendix

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Book SynopsisThis volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in bituminous materials and structures and asphalt pavement technology, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials (ISBM), held in Lyon, France on December 14-16, 2020. The symposium represents a joint effort of three RILEM Technical Committees from Cluster F: 264-RAP “Asphalt Pavement Recycling”, 272-PIM “Phase and Interphase Behaviour of Bituminous Materials”, and 278-CHA “Crack-Healing of Asphalt Pavement Materials”. It covers a diverse range of topics concerning bituminous materials (bitumen, mastics, mixtures) and road, railway and airport pavement structures, including: recycling, phase and interphase behaviour, cracking and healing, modification and innovative materials, durability and environmental aspects, testing and modelling, multi-scale properties, surface characteristics, structure performance, modelling and design, non-destructive testing, back-analysis, and Life Cycle Assessment. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.

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Book SynopsisThis book emphasizes new ways of designing for a sustainable city and urban environment. From several angles the future of our urbanism is illuminated. From a philosophical point of view, the city is seen as an organism, following complex ecosystemic principles, shining light on indigenous perspectives to become beneficial for sustainable design and core questions are asked whether current architectural practice is really sustainable. Simultaneously concrete practices are presented for cities in transformation, focusing on green infrastructure, smart city principles and health.Table of ContentsChapter 1 Designing the Sustainable City Rob Roggema Chapter 2 The Role of Indigenous Paradigms and Traditional Knowledge Systems in Modern Humanity’s Sustainability Quest - Future foundations from past knowledge Chels.A. Marshall Chapter 3 Born, not made: designing the productive city Greg Keeffe, Rob Roggema Chapter 4 A new model for place development – bringing together regenerative and placemaking processes Cristina Hernandez-Santin, Dominique Hes, Tanja Beer, Lewis Lo Chapter 5 The key role of systems thinking in sustainable architecture Luke Middleton Chapter 6 Liveable Green Cities; integrating climate adaptive solutions and circular economy into the built environment Martin Knuijt Chapter 7 Post-earthquake recovery in Nepal: A study and analysis of post disaster perception and needs for housing recovery after 2015 earthquake Rupesh Shrestha, Alexander Fekete, Simone Sandholz Chapter 8 Tackling urban open space encroachment in a South African township: an exploratory study Lindelwa Sinxadi, Maléne Campbell Chapter 9 The role of smart city initiatives in driving partnerships: A case study of the Smart Social Spaces Project, Sydney Australia Homa Rahmat, Nancy Marshall, Christine Steinmetz, Miles Park, Christian Tietz, Kate Bishop, Susan Thompson, Linda Corkery Chapter 10 Fostering successful smart campus transitions through consensus-building: a university of technology case study Alfred B. Ngowi, Bankole O. Awuzie Chapter 11 The role of landscape architectural designers in landscape construction health and safety John Smallwood Chapter 12 Sustainability, ReciproCity, Radicality Rob RoggemaIndex

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Book SynopsisThis interdisciplinary book explores design theories, combining research from a range of fields including architecture, landscape architecture, urban planning, urban design, industrial design, software engineering, environmental psychology, geography, anthropology, and sociology. Following an extensive review of the current literature, the author reveals eight major types of theory in design processes. The theories are classified as follows: Rational vs. Empiricist Theories, Procedural vs. Substantive Theories, Normative vs. Positive Theories, Design Scopes, Designers vs. People, Form and Space Creation Paradigms, Efficient Tools and Sources in the Design Process, and Place vs. Non-Place Theories. The respective design theories are illustrated with diagrams, tables and figures, condensing the content of over 140 essential theoretical texts that address various aspects of design processes. Given its scope, the book will appeal to undergraduate and graduate students, and to researchers and practitioners in design, urban planning, urban design, architecture, art, etc.Table of ContentsDesign Process Theories and Concepts.- Rational versus Empirical Theories.- Procedural versus Substantive Theories.- Normative versus Positive Theories.- Design Scopes.- Design Participation (Designers versus People Theories).- Paradigms in Form and Space Creation.- Efficient Tools and Sources in Design Process.- Place versus Non-Place Theories.

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Book SynopsisThis book is about using “collage” among Iranian students in architecture studio, and in order to introduce the way these students use the technique to the English reader, we (Ali Yaser Jafari and Reihaneh Khorramrouei) have chosen this valuable book by AliAsghar Adibi to translate from Farsi to English. It provides a representative example of design through collage and culture. This book originally collected and published in three chapters: Collage history in different arts; Objectives and steps to make collage images; Two experienced examples.Table of ContentsCollage History in Different Arts.- Objectives and Steps to Make Collage Images.- Two Experienced Examples.

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Book SynopsisThe book outlines the processes of calculating and critically reviewing construction costs and times for clients and contractors in different project phases. Any project or structural analysis should yield accurate information on times, costs, and prices. The related database is more or less uncertain depending on project complexity and the circumstances of work performance. It is thus recommended to use ranges of key input parameters. This approach consistently considers uncertainties within a holistic project view, thus enhancing the plausibility and validity of specific values. Only the integration of probabilistic methods will allow for calculating and graphically representing the chance/risk ratio as a crucial project variable ultimately influencing the entire business. This book examines the systemic modeling and consideration of uncertainties when determining construction costs and times, and life-cycle costs. It contains detailed descriptions of other decision-making processes, including project preparation and planning (developer calculation, soil survey, cost estimate), work preparation (costing, pricing, construction time evaluation, resource identification, comparison of construction methods, bid analysis, contract award), and project execution (site logistics, construction method selection, construction process planning, work coordination, sourcing, determination of additional costs, trend analyses), as well as for project portfolio management as a tool relevant to all phases.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction.- Chapter 2: Basics.- Chapter 3: Data, Information, Knowledge, and BIM.- Chapter 4: Management of Chances and Risks.- Chapter 5: Applying the Management of Chances and Risks to Project Phases.- Chapter 6: The Fundamentals of Monte Carlo Simulations.- Chapter 7: Application of Monte Carlo Simulations.- Chapter 8: Influence of Project Lead Time and Construction Time on Project Targets.- Chapter 9: Worked Examples – Client.- Chapter 10: Worked Examples – Contractor.

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Book SynopsisThis book deals with the present adverse effects of using precarious building materials on the ecology and human health. Also, the detailed discussions on the novel and greener construction materials and their utilization as an alternative to the conventional harmful existing methods and materials are also presented in the subsequent chapters. This book helps to fill the research gaps in the existing prior-art knowledge in the field of sustainable construction and green building materials and methods giving due importance to ecology and health, specifically to the fields of sustainable structural engineering, sustainable geotechnical engineering, sustainable road engineering, etc.This book helps in achieving a sustainable environment through possible adoption of innovative and ecological construction practices. Hence, this book acts as a practical workbook, mainly for the academicians and practicing engineers who are willing to work toward the consecrated building industry.It is a well-established fact that the constructions of the engineering structures consume more and more earth resources than any other human activities in the world. In addition, the construction-related activities will produce several million tons of greenhouse gases, toxic emissions, water pollutants, and solid wastes. This creates a huge impact on environment and causes severe health issues on humans and animals. It is thus important to create an eco-friendly construction environment which can satisfy the ecological and health requirements.Table of ContentsForeword by Prof. Munir OzturkPreface 1. Potentially toxic construction materials: An Introduction 2. The main ecological health hazards from building materials 3. Atmospheric emissions from construction sector 4. PVC (The poison plastic), Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE), Chlorinated Polyvinylchloride (CPVC), Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE), Polychloroproprene Rubber (CR)- Chemistry, Applications and ecological impacts 5. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) emission and its adverse health effects from building sector 6. Heavy metal contaminations from construction materials 7. Nanoparticles in construction industry and their toxicity 8. Traditional and novel thermal insulation materials and their implications 9. Sulfo-Aluminate cement and magnesium phosphate cement in eco-conservation 10. Exposure to airborne concrete, stone, brick and granite dust 11. Carpets and textiles: Effect on indoor environment and health 12. Soil contaminations from the construction projects 13. Water pollution from construction industry 14. Construction sector, biodiversity and wildlife conservation 15. Embodied carbon in constructions and its ecological implications 16. Building Material Assessment System (BMAS) and its determination 17. Advances in Environmental impact assessment methods/tools in construction engineering 18. Special Concretes for Ecological Preservations. 19. Use of industrial waste materials in Civil Engineering Applications 20. Utilization of waste water for the construction projects 21. Use of Construction and Demolition wastes in Civil Engineering for Ecological preservation 22. Sustainable Techniques for building waste disposals 23. Ecological and sustainable Road constructions 24. Health impacts of thee Construction Workers 25. Sustainable Geotechnical practices in the Constructions 26. Sustainable infrastructural Development through Ecological Conservations

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Book SynopsisThis book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd RILEM Spring Convention and Conference, held at Guimarães and hosted by the University of Minho, Portugal, on March 9-14, 2020. The theme of the Conference was “Ambitioning a Sustainable Future for Built Environment: comprehensive strategies for unprecedented challenges”, which was aimed at discussing current challenges and impacts of the built environment on sustainability. The present volume is dedicated to the topic “Service life extension of existing structures”, which covers the most recent scientific and technological developments in the understanding of the evolution and degradation of construction materials and structural systems. Analytical and numerical, as well as experimental approaches, aimed at characterizing, modelling and predicting the evolution of the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of construction materials and structural systems are regarded. Multiphysics models are also considered, as well as other strategies that contribute for an accurate characterization and prediction the service life and the evolution of existing and novel construction materials under normal or extreme environmental exposure or loading conditions. New strategies to promote the smart repairing or the recovery of material properties, as well as the service life extension, are also considered. The following subtopics are included: service life models and multiphysics approaches; smart structures, innovative monitoring and intervention strategies; management and optimized maintenance strategies; integrated rehabilitation and strengthening approaches.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd RILEM Spring Convention and Conference, held at Guimarães and hosted by the University of Minho, Portugal, on March 9-14, 2020. The theme of the Conference was “Ambitioning a Sustainable Future for Built Environment: comprehensive strategies for unprecedented challenges”, which was aimed at discussing current challenges and impacts of the built environment on sustainability. The present volume is dedicated to the topic “Shift to a circular economy”, which is focussed on sustainability and covers the research and recent technologies on the use and development of sustainable materials and structural systems, as well as on recycling and reusing. It also covers the implementation of industrial processes leading to minimized waste, including digital fabrication and deconstruction, as well as integrative approaches that lead to the achievement of the concept of circular economy. Additionally, this topic covers research on novel or existing construction materials and systems based on local resources and regional practices. The following subtopics are included: industrialized construction systems minimizing waste; recycling and reuse of materials and components; 4Ls: local constructions with local materials through local approaches for local development; Digital Manufacturing; design for deconstruction; smart demolition techniques; timber structures; Life-Cycle Assessment of construction materials and technologies; recycling of pavements and materials in roads.Table of Contents

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Book SynopsisThis volume focuses on recent advances in the planning, design, construction and management of new and existing roads with a particular focus on safety, sustainability and resilience. It discusses field experience through case studies and pilots presented by leading international subject-matter specialists. Chapters were selected from the 18th International Road Federation World Meeting & Exhibition, Dubai 2021. Table of Contents1. ITS & Smart Mobility Technologies1.1 Data & Information Technology1.2 Signal and Signal Systems1.3 Transportation Apps1.4 Mobility as a Service (MaaS)1.5 Response Planning1.6 ITS in Public Transport2. Equipping Roads for Autonomous Driving2.1 Deployment scenarios for CAVs2.2 City Street & Highway Design for CAVs2.3 Advances in Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Communications2.4 CAV Architecture & Standards3. Highway Engineering & Construction3.1 Geometrical Design3.2 Emerging Design & Construction Technologies3.3 Project Management Methods3.4 BIM & digitalization applications for Roads3.5 AI for Highway Design & Management3.6 Innovation in stakeholder communications3.7 Value Engineering3.8 Hydraulics & Hydrology4. Transportation Planning & Traffic Operations 4.1 Planning & Forecasting4.2 Transport and land use management4.3 Advanced Travel Demand Management4.4 Public Transport Programs4.5 Freight Planning & Logistics4.6 Rural road connectivity programs4.7 Traffic Forecasting4.8 First and last mile transport5. Innovations in Road Materials5.1 Long term Pavement Performance5.2 Innovations in Concrete Materials5.3 Innovations in Asphalt concrete5.4 Fiber-reinforced polymers5.5 Curing compounds5.6 Nano-materials in road projects5.7 Innovations in Quality Control5.8 Signage & Markings6. Bridges & Tunnels6.1 Girder bridges with superior structural performance6.2 Arch bridges, suspension, and cable-stayed bridges6.3 New Technologies in Accelerated Bridge Construction6.4 Advances in tunnelling construction6.5 Tunnel program delivery6.6 Safety in road tunnels6.7 Urban and micro tunnelling7. Environmental Management & Climate Resilience7.1 Weather-resilient transport infrastructure7.2 Natural Disaster Recovery7.3 GHG reduction strategies in the transport sector7.4 Energy-efficient Roads7.5 Circular Economy / Recycled and waste materials7.6 Noise avoidance & mitigation strategies7.7 Alternative propulsion energies7.8 Greening transport national strategies & case studies8. Safe Roads by Design8.1 Road Safety Leadership8.2 Road Risk Diagnosis8.3 Roadside Safety8.4 Crash Forecasting & Investigation8.5 Incident Management & Response Planning8.6 Safety on Rural / Low-volume roads8.7 Speed Management & Enforcement8.8 Vulnerable Road Users8.9 Vehicle Safety8.10 Emerging Traffic Safety Issues8.11 Security measures for the protection of infrastructure8.12 National & local road safety programs9. Asset Management & Maintenance9.1 Pavement & Bridge management systems9.2 Non-destructive testing9.3 Life cycle cost analysis9.4 Total cost of ownership9.5 Maintenance, repair & replacement9.6 Seasonal / Winter maintenance9.7 New approaches to performance delivery9.8 GIS Solutions for Road Management10. Road Financing & Procurement10.1 Road financing policy10.2 Innovations in transport PPPs10.3 Road Pricing for freight and passenger transport10.4 Procurement Strategies10.5 Electronic Road Tolling Solutions & Case Studies11. Parking Strategies & Policies11.1 Parking & Mobility Planning11.2 E-Charging & Parking11.3 Role of Parking in MaaS deployment11.4 New technologies & business models12. Transportation & Society12.1 Roads and society12.2 Quantifying the impacts of infrastructure investment12.3 Social return on investment12.4 Transport modes working together12.5 Best practices in transport governance12.6 Collaboration across borders12.7 Gender in Transport12.8 Accessible Transport (People of Determination)12.9 Policies supporting non-motorized mobility12.10 Managing Mobility in Megacities12.11 Preparing the next generation of transportation engineers

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a collection of recent research works related to blast resistant design, building pathologies, seismic coating, bottle-shaped concrete struts, delayed ettringite formation and waterproofing. It features eight chapters on building pathologies as well as a detailed set of references and suggestions for further reading. Offering a systematic review of the current state of knowledge, it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, practitioners, and lecturers in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties. Table of ContentsApplication of Blast Resistant Design Model for Safer Cities.- Design of Facade for Blast Resistant Buildings.- Application of Geometric Patterns in Architectural Design Process.- A Novel Seismic Outer Coating for Rehabilitation of Existing Masonry Buildings .- Numerical Analysis of Bottle-Shaped Isolated Struts Concrete Deteriorated by Delayed Ettringite Formation.- Concrete Samples Extracted from Pile Caps and Affected by Internal Swelling Reactions: A Diagnostic Analysis.- Diagnosis and Assessment of Deep Pile Cap Foundation of a Tall Building Affected by Internal Expansion Reactions.- Waterproof Roofing System Pathology Phenomenology Analysis as a Background Support for Diagnosis and Design.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a collection of recent research works related to blast resistant design, building pathologies, seismic coating, bottle-shaped concrete struts, delayed ettringite formation and waterproofing. It features eight chapters on building pathologies as well as a detailed set of references and suggestions for further reading. Offering a systematic review of the current state of knowledge, it is a valuable resource for scientists, students, practitioners, and lecturers in various scientific and engineering disciplines, including civil and materials engineering, as well as and other interested parties. Table of ContentsApplication of Blast Resistant Design Model for Safer Cities.- Design of Facade for Blast Resistant Buildings.- Application of Geometric Patterns in Architectural Design Process.- A Novel Seismic Outer Coating for Rehabilitation of Existing Masonry Buildings .- Numerical Analysis of Bottle-Shaped Isolated Struts Concrete Deteriorated by Delayed Ettringite Formation.- Concrete Samples Extracted from Pile Caps and Affected by Internal Swelling Reactions: A Diagnostic Analysis.- Diagnosis and Assessment of Deep Pile Cap Foundation of a Tall Building Affected by Internal Expansion Reactions.- Waterproof Roofing System Pathology Phenomenology Analysis as a Background Support for Diagnosis and Design.

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Book SynopsisThe book presents new technologies for easy and economical construction of light concrete structures saving materials and CO2. The new super-light technology allows a designer to place forces, where it is optimal, and save material everywhere else. The book also supports this “Direct Engineering” principle with a number of new details and structural principles. The new pearl-chain technology makes it possible to design optimal shapes such as arches, vaults, cupolas, floating tunnels, and shells etc. from inexpensive, and mass-produced components. The new super-light deck-elements presented in the book are now produced in six factories in Denmark, Finland, and USA, and the number is increasing. The book will be of interest for all structural engineers, who would like to save materials, CO2 and optimize their structures, for students learning about the new technologies, and for contractors and architects, who want to investigate new building technologies.Table of ContentsHistory.- Materials.- Super-light structures.- Slabs and beams.- Columns and walls.- Pearl-chain structures.- Arch bridges and vaults.- Shells.- Structural detailing.- Sustainability.

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Book SynopsisThe book, after two introductory chapters on seismic design principles and structural seismic analysis methods, proceeds with the detailed description of seismic design methods for steel building structures. These methods include all the well-known methods, like force-based or displacement-based methods, plus some other methods developed by the present authors or other authors that have reached a level of maturity and are applicable to a large class of steel building structures. For every method, detailed practical examples and supporting references are provided in order to illustrate the methods and demonstrate their merits. As a unique feature, the present book describes not just one, as it is the case with existing books on seismic design of steel structures, but various seismic design methods including application examples worked in detail. The book is a valuable source of information, not only for MS and PhD students, but also for researchers and practicing engineers engaged with the design of steel building structures.Table of ContentsChapter 1. Fundamentals of Seismic Structural Design.- Chapter 2. Fundamentals of Seismic Structural Analysis.- Chapter 3. Force-Based Design of EC8.- Chapter 4. Direct Displacement-Based Design.- Chapter 5. Hybrid Force-Displacement Design.- Chapter 6. Ductility-Based Plastic Design.- Chapter 7. Energy-Based Plastic Design.- Chapter 8. Design Using Modal Damping Ratios.- Chapter 9. Design Using Modal Behavior Factors.- Chapter 10. Design Using Advanced Analysis.- Chapter 11. Direct Damage-Controlled Design.- Chapter 12. Design Using Seismic Isolation.- Chapter 13. Design Using Supplemental Dampers.

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Book SynopsisThis text provides a complete and thorough derivation of the mathematical theory of shell structures. Many books on shells only give the key equations or snippets of theory, skipping all of the mathematical steps required to solve for the key equations. This is understandable, because of the mathematical complexity of shell structures. Thus, the reader must just accept the design equations blindly, without achieving a complete understanding of shell theory. This book, therefore, fills this gap by providing a complete picture of shell theory. Class tested over three university post-graduate courses and one public course on shell structures, the book is mathematically intensive, but it written in an accessible style ideal for students of engineering mechanics in civil and mechanical engineers concentrations, as well as practicing structural engineers looking for a reference on shells.Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Construction Materials and Stress Flow 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The basic characteristics of stresses and strains 2.3 Economy of stresses 2.4 The flawed nature of construction materials 2.5 The flow of stress in flat and curved walls 2.6 The flow of stress around openings 2.7 Exercises Chapter 3 Cylindrical Shells 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The membrane theory of cylindrical shells 3.3 Displacement theory for membrane stresses 3.4 Boundary effects 3.5 Displacement theory for the boundary effects 3.6 Compatibility equations 3.7 Steps in solving for the deformations and stresses in the shell 3.8 Worked example 3.9 Exercises Chapter 4 Circular Domes 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The membrane theory of the circular dome 4.3 Displacement theory 4.4 Boundary effects 4.5 Displacement theory of the boundary effects 4.6 Compatibility equations 4.7 Steps in solving the deformations and stresses in the shell 4.8 Worked example 4.9 Exercises Chapter 5 Derivatives of Dome Theory: The Conoidal, Elliptical, Conical and Hyperbolic shells 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Conical shells 5.3 Elliptical dome 5.4 Conoidal dome 5.5 Hyperbolic shell 5.6 Example solutions and a comparison of the circular, concoidal, elliptical and conical domes 5.7 Exercises Chapter 6 The Circular Barrel Vault 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Membrane theory of the barrel vault 6.3 Deformation theory 6.4 Shallow shell theory to solve for the boundary effects 6.5 Edge beams 6.6 Steps in solving the deformations and stresses in the shell 6.7 Worked examples 6.8 Exercises Chapter 7 Catenary Arches and Domes 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The catenary arch 7.3 The funicular arch 7.4 Membrane theory of catenary domes 7.5 Worked examples 7.6 Exercises Appendix A and B

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Book SynopsisThis textbook supports a range of core courses in undergraduate materials and mechanical engineering curricula given at leading universities globally. It presents fundamentals and quantitative analysis of mechanical behavior of materials covering engineering mechanics and materials, deformation behavior, fracture mechanics, and failure design. This book provides a holistic understanding of mechanical behavior of materials, and enables critical thinking through mathematical modeling and problem solving. Each of the 15 chapters first introduces readers to the technologic importance of the topic and provides basic concepts with diagrammatic illustrations; and then its engineering analysis/mathematical modelling along with calculations are presented. Featuring 200 end-of-chapter calculations/worked examples, 120 diagrams, 260 equations on mechanics and materials, the text is ideal for students of mechanical, materials, structural, civil, and aerospace engineering. Table of ContentsPart I: Materials: Deformation, Testing, and Strengthening1) INTRODUCTION2) PHYSICS OF DEFORMATION3) MECHANICAL TESTING AND PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 4) STRENGTHENING MECHNAISMS IN METALS/ALLOYS 5) MATERIALS IN ENGINEERINGPart II: Stresses, Strains, and Deformation Behaviors6) STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS AND DEFORMATION MODELS7) ELASTICITY AND VISCOELASTICITY8) COMPLEX/PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS 9) PLASTICITY AND SUPERPLASTICITY – Theory and Applications 10) TORSION IN SHAFTS Part III: Failure, Design, and Composites Behavior11) FAILURE THEORIES AND DESIGN12) FRACTURE MECHNAICS AND DESIGN 13) FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS 14) CREEP BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS 15) MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

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Book SynopsisThis textbook supports a range of core courses in undergraduate materials and mechanical engineering curricula given at leading universities globally. It presents fundamentals and quantitative analysis of mechanical behavior of materials covering engineering mechanics and materials, deformation behavior, fracture mechanics, and failure design. This book provides a holistic understanding of mechanical behavior of materials, and enables critical thinking through mathematical modeling and problem solving. Each of the 15 chapters first introduces readers to the technologic importance of the topic and provides basic concepts with diagrammatic illustrations; and then its engineering analysis/mathematical modelling along with calculations are presented. Featuring 200 end-of-chapter calculations/worked examples, 120 diagrams, 260 equations on mechanics and materials, the text is ideal for students of mechanical, materials, structural, civil, and aerospace engineering. Table of ContentsPart I: Materials: Deformation, Testing, and Strengthening1) INTRODUCTION2) PHYSICS OF DEFORMATION3) MECHANICAL TESTING AND PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 4) STRENGTHENING MECHNAISMS IN METALS/ALLOYS 5) MATERIALS IN ENGINEERINGPart II: Stresses, Strains, and Deformation Behaviors6) STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS AND DEFORMATION MODELS7) ELASTICITY AND VISCOELASTICITY8) COMPLEX/PRINCIPAL STRESSES AND STRAINS 9) PLASTICITY AND SUPERPLASTICITY – Theory and Applications 10) TORSION IN SHAFTS Part III: Failure, Design, and Composites Behavior11) FAILURE THEORIES AND DESIGN12) FRACTURE MECHNAICS AND DESIGN 13) FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS 14) CREEP BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS 15) MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

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Book SynopsisThe Light Metals symposia at the TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition present the most recent developments, discoveries, and practices in primary aluminum science and technology. The annual Light Metals volume has become the definitive reference in the field of aluminum production and related light metal technologies. The 2022 collection includes contributions from the following symposia: • Alumina and Bauxite • Aluminum Alloys, Processing and Characterization • Aluminum Reduction Technology • Aluminum Reduction Technology Joint Session with REWAS: Decarbonizing the Metals Industry • Cast Shop Technology • Electrode Technology for Aluminum Production • Primary Aluminum Industry—Energy and Emission Reductions: An LMD Symposium in Honor of Halvor Kvande • Recycling and Sustainability in Cast Shop Technology: Joint Session with REWAS 2022

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Book SynopsisThis book focuses on holistic approaches of applying sustainable practices in all sectors of building, infrastructure, and energy to achieve a best-balanced global energy, building, infrastructure, transportation, and water technology (EBITW) regime. It presents a series of solutions based on innovative research and applications for building a sustainable Earth for future generations. The goal of this book is to define the context of instigation for thinking through the scientific theories and practical applications of sustainability mechanisms to confirm a global equilibrium by the implementation of the following main practices: Sustainable Energy, Sustainable Architectural and Engineering Design Technology, Sustainable Environment and Society, and Sustainable Earth. Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Sustainable Energy.- Sustainable Architectural and Engineering Design Technology.- Sustainable Environment and Society.- Sustainable Earth.- Conclusion.

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