Botany and plant sciences Books

Book SynopsisThis volume presents an overview of recent advances, innovative applications, and future prospects of in vitro embryogenesis in higher plants. The book''s chapters are divided into five parts: Part I contains reviews on general topics (microspore; zygotic and somatic embryogenesis; in vitro and in vivo asexual embryogenesis; advances on the genetic, physiological, and proteomic knowledge of somatic embryo formation; role of apoptosis and mitochondria in somatic embryogenesis; and innovation in the use of bioreactors). The remaining four parts discuss step-wise protocols on somatic embryogenesis in selected horticultural plants (Part II); forest trees (Part III); gametic embryogenesis (Part IV); and pivotal topics, such as the detection of epigenetics modifications during microspore embryogenesis, the in vitro embryogenesis and plant regenerations from isolated zygotes, the synthetics seed production, the induction and maturation of somatic embryos, and thTable of ContentsPart I Reviews on General Topics1. A Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Asexual EmbryogenesisMelanie L. Hand, Sacco de Vries, and Anna M. G. Koltunow2. Somatic Versus Zygotic Embryogenesis: Learning from SeedsTraud Winkelman3. Recent Advances on Genetic and Physiological Bases of In Vitro Somatic Embryo FormationMaria Maddalena Altamura, Federica Dell Rovere, Laura Fattorini, Simone D’Angeli, and Giuseppina Falasca4. Do Mitochondria Play a Central Role in Stress-Induced Somatic Embryogenesis?Birgit Arnholdt-Schmitt, Carla Ragonezi, and Hélia Cardoso5. Dying with Style: Death Decision in Plant EmbryogenesisShuanglong Huang, Mohamed Mira, and Claudio Stasolla6. Somatic Embryogenesis in Broad-Leaf Woody Plants: What We Can Learn from ProteomicsSandra I. Correia, Ana C. Alves, Paula Verissimo, and Jorge M. Canhoto7. Advances in Conifer Somatic Embryogenesis Since Year 2000Krystyna Klimaszewska, Catherine Hargreaves, Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter, and Jean-François Trontin8. Molecular Aspects of Conifer Zygotic and Somatic Embryo Development: A Review of Genome-Wide Approaches and Recent InsightsJean-François Trontin, Krystyna Klimaszewska, Alexandre Morel, Catherine Hargreaves, and Marie-Anne Lelu-Walter9. Androgenesis in SolanaceaeJose M. Seguí-Simarro10. Bioreactors for Plant Embryogenesis and BeyondLiwen Fei and Pamela WeathersPart II Protocols of Somatic Embryogenesis in Selected Important Horticultural Plants11. Somatic Embryogenesis and Genetic Modification of VitisSadanand A. Dhekney, Zhijian T. Li, Trudi N. L. Grant, and Dennis J. Gray12. Somatic Embryogenesis in Peach-Palm (Bactris Gasipaes) Using Different Explant SourcesDouglas A. Steinmacher, Angelo Schuabb Heringer, Victor M. Jiménez, Marguerite G. G. Quoirin, and Miguel P. Guerra13. Somatic Embryogenesis: Still a Relevant Technique in Citrus ImprovementAhmad A. Omar, Manjul Dutt, Frederick G. Gmitter, and Jude W. Grosser14. Somatic Embryogenesis Induction and Plant Regeneration in Strawberry Tree (Arbutus Unedo L.)João F. Martins, Sandra I. Correia, and Jorge M. Canhoto15. Somatic Embryogenesis in Olive (Olea Europaea L. subsp. Europaea var. Sativa and var. Sylvestris)Eddo Rugini and Cristian Silvestri16. Somatic Embryogenesis in Crocus Sativus L.Basar Sevindik and Yesim Yalcin Mendi17. Somatic Embryogenesis in Lisianthus (Eustoma Russellianum Griseb)Barbara Ruffoni and Laura Bassolino18. Somatic Embryogenesis in Two Orchid Genera (Cymbidium, Dendrobium)Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva and Budi Winarto19. Somatic Embryogenesis of Lilium from Microbulb Transverse Thin Cell LayersPablo Marinangeli20. Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration of Brachiaria BrizanthaGlaucia B. Cabral, Vera T. C. Carneiro, Diva M. A. Dusi, and Adriana P. MartinelliPart III Protocols of Somatic Embryogenesis in Selected Forest Trees21. Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Spp.Itziar Aurora Montalbán, Olatz García-Mendiguren, and Paloma Moncaleán22. Somatic Embryogenesis of Abies Cephalonica LoudJana Krajňákova and Hely Häggman23. Somatic Embryogenesis in Horse Chestnut (Aesculus Hippocastanum L.)Maurizio Capuana24. Somatic Embryogenesis in Araucaria Angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Araucariaceae)Miguel P. Guerra, Neusa Steiner, Francine L. Farias-Soares, Leila do N. Vieira, Hugo P. F. Fraga, Gladys D. Rogge-Renner, and Sara B. MaldonadoPart IV Protocols of Gametic Embryogenesis in Selected Higher Plants25. Anther Culture in Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino26. Anther Culture in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.)Verónica Parra-Vega and Jose M. Seguí-Simarro27. Microspore Embryogenesis Through Anther Culture in Citrus Clementina Hort. Ex Tan.Benedetta Chiancone and Maria Antonietta GermanàPart V Step-Wise Protocols on Pivotal Topics28. Detection of Epigenetic Modifications during Microspore Embryogenesis: Analysis of DNA Methylation Patterns DynamicsPilar S. Testillano and María C. Risueño29. Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Isolated Wheat ZygotesJochen Kumlehn30. From Somatic Embryo to Synthetic Seed in Citrus spp. Through the Encapsulation TechnologyMaurizio Micheli and Alvaro Standardi31. From Stress to Embryos: Some of the Problems for Induction and Maturation of Somatic EmbryosSergio J. Ochatt and M. Angeles Revilla32. Cryotechniques for the Long-Term Conservation of Embryogenic Cultures from Woody PlantsElif Aylin Ozudogru and Maurizio Lambardi

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Book SynopsisGrapevine is a highly valuable crop worldwide, both from cultural as well as commercial point of view. One major advantage this crop has is that it is well adapted to scarce water conditions. Grapes are also a valuable source of health-promoting compounds such as polyphenols. The main object of grapevine breeding is to develop varieties of high quality, that are resistant to pathogens and at the same time well adapted to a changing environment. Since the beginning of the XXI century, there has been a concerted effort by the international scientific community to develop genomic tools and resources for grapevine culminating in its complete genome sequence. These efforts and their usefulness for grapevine breeding or viticulture improvement are reviewed and discussed in this book by globally reputed scientists in the field.Table of ContentsGrapevines and Viticulture. Natural Variation in Vitis. Origins and Consequences of Somatic Variation in Grapevine. Linkage Disequilibrium and Prospects for Association Mapping in Vitis. Molecular Linkage Maps: Strategies, Resources and Achievements. Basics of Grapevine Genetic Analysis. Molecular Breeding. Positional Cloning of Disease Resistance Genes in Grapevine.

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Book SynopsisThis book is the second of the 3-volume Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis and Management of Crop Diseases, which provides an abundance of new research and information on major diseases of various crops along with new techniques and technology for the detection of plant pathogens along with appropriate management strategies.Divided into three volumes and with chapters written by renowned and expert scientists working in different areas of plant pathology, the volumes cover important diseases of crops, incited by bacteria, fungi, viruses, viroids, phytoplasma, and nematodes. It addresses these disease challenges to commercial field and horticultural crops and their management.Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis and Management of Crop Diseases: Volume 2 focuses on recent advances in diagnosis, detection, and management of diseases of specific crops, such as cotton, sesame, rice, wheat, millet, maize, field pea and pigeonpea, ginger and turmeric, guava, aonla, and vegetable cruciferous crops.Key features: Presents diverse research of leading plant pathologists on detection, diagnosis, and management of crop diseases Shares innovative and emerging techniques for diagnosis and management of major plant diseases Covers a vast array of important crops and their diseases Volume 1 of this multi-volume set focuses on the Mollicute class of bacteria. It looks at the detection, diagnosis, and management of phytoplasma diseases and viroids, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in plants for virus resistance, next-generation sequencing technologies, and more, while Volume 3 reviews the advances in the uses of nanomolecules and biocontrol agents. Diagnosis and management of biotic stresses play a pivotal role in efficient agriculture production, and together, these volumes of Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis and Management of Crop Diseases provide informative reviews of crucial research to effectively advance the detection, diagnosis, and management of crop diseases.Table of Contents1. Paradigm Shift in Detection of Rice Diseases and Their Management 2. Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Diseases of Rice Prevalent in Telangana State, India 3. New Insights into the Identification and Management of Wheat Diseases 4. Detection and Management Approaches of Bakanae (Foot Rot) Disease in Rice 5. Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Cotton Crop in Punjab, India 6. Modern Approaches for Management of Sesame Diseases 7. Approaches for Diagnosis and Management of Banded Blight in Small Millets 8. Maize Diseases and Their Sustainable Management in India: Current Status and Future Perspectives 9. Recent Advances in Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Finger Millet Diseases 10. Recent Approaches for Diagnosis and Management of Economically Important Diseases of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in India 11. Recent Advances in Bio-Intensive Management (BM) of Major Diseases of Pigeonpea in India 12. Innovative Approaches in Diagnosis and Management of Diseases in Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) 13. Diagnosis and Diversity Analysis of Alternaria brassicae and A. Brassicicola in Vegetable Cruciferous Crops 14. Recent Advances in Diseases Management of Aonla (Emblica officinalis) 15. Guava Wilt and Its Management

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Book SynopsisThis new book, Plant Diseases and Their Management: A Sustainable Approach, studies the most modern methods in control and management of plant diseases. It covers a wide range of themes on the biological, cultural, chemical, and genome engineering controls for plant diseases brought on by viruses, bacteria, phytoplasma, and fungi.This book details how natural materials, organic disease control, and new-generation fungicides can all be utilized to thwart or stop plant pathogen activity in an effective manner. The book also delves into methods for increasing the shelf life of produce, presents approaches to plant disease management in organic as well as conventional farming, and considers molecular approaches to disease detection and identification in plants.The book looks at viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases in different plants and their management. It also discusses several pathogens and how diseases caused by these can be managed effectively. It also covers diseases in specific crops, such as rice, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, including apples, berries, and capsicum. A novel approach of genome engineering to develop resilience in plants against various diseases and future challenges is considered as well.Key features: Presents management approaches to fungal, phytoplasmal, viral, and bacterial plant diseases Discusses the protection of fruits, vegetables, and crops from various diseases for prolonged shelf-life Looks at genome engineering as a novel approach for fungal, bacterial, and viral disease management Considers both traditional and modern methods in the management of viruses infecting plants Covering new methods for the sustainable control of plant diseases, this volume will be valuable to plant and crop specialists, agriculture-based industries, and faculty and students in the agricultural sciences.

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Book SynopsisSince the second half of the 20th Century, our agricultural bee pollinators have faced mounting threats from ecological disturbance and pan-global movement of pathogens and parasites. At the same time, the area of pollinator-dependent crops is increasing globally with no end in sight. Never before has so much been asked of our finite pool of bee pollinators. This book not only explores the evolutionary and ecologic bases of these dynamics, it translates this knowledge into practical research-based guidance for using bees to pollinate crops. It emphasizes conserving wild bee populations as well as culturing honey bees, bumble bees, and managed solitary bees. To cover such a range of biology, theory, and practice from the perspectives of both the pollinator and the crop, the book is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 focuses on bees, their biology, coevolution with plants, foraging ecology and management, and gives practical ways to increase bee abundance and pollinating performance on the farm. Volume 2 (also available from CABI) focuses on crops, with chapters addressing crop-specific requirements and bee pollination management recommendations. Both volumes will be essential reading for farmers, horticulturists and gardeners, researchers and professionals working in insect ecology and conservation, and students of entomology and crop protection.Table of Contents1: Angiosperms and Bees: The Evolutionary Bases of Crop Pollination 2: Biology of Bees 3: What Makes a Good Pollinator? 4: Economic and Ecosystem Benefits of Bee Pollination 5: State of the World’s Bee Pollinators and the Consequences for Crop Pollination 6: Applied Bee Conservation 7: Honeybees: Their Biology, Culture and Management for Pollination 8: Bumble Bees: Their Biology, Culture, and Management for Pollination 9: Managed Solitary Bees 10: Wild Bees 11: The Stingless Bees, Tribe Meliponini

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Book SynopsisThe 3rd edition of this popular textbook introduces the reader to the investigation of vegetation systems with an emphasis on data analysis. The book succinctly illustrates the various paths leading to high quality data suitable for pattern recognition, pattern testing, static and dynamic modelling and model testing including spatial and temporal aspects of ecosystems. Step-by-step introductions using small examples lead to more demanding approaches illustrated by real world examples aimed at explaining interpretations. All data sets and examples described in the book are available online and are written using the freely available statistical package R. This book will be of particular value to beginning graduate students and postdoctoral researchers of vegetation ecology, ecological data analysis, and ecological modelling, and experienced researchers needing a guide to new methods. A completely revised and updated edition of this popular introduction to data analysis in vegetation ecology. Includes practical step-by-step examples using the freely available statistical package R. Complex concepts and operations are explained using clear illustrations and case studies relating to real world phenomena. Emphasizes method selection rather than just giving a set of recipes.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Patterns in vegetation ecology 3: Transformation 4: Multivariate comparison 5: Classification 6: Ordination 7: Ecological patterns 8: Traits and Indicators 9: Static predictive modelling 10: Vegetation change in time 11: Dynamic modelling 12: Revising classifications 13: Swiss forests: a case study 14: Back to the roots?

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Book SynopsisWhy are some plants so important to humans? The chemistry of the plants has a lot to do with it! The plant world offers a fascinating way to explore basic chemistry concepts. The spectacular variety of colors, fragrances and other characteristics of plants are driven by the seemingly subtle differences in the structure and properties of organic compounds. Well-known flowers, like daffodils and narcissus, are examples of plants that provide ample perfumes, pigments and poisons as part of their intricate and fascinating chemistry. This second edition retains it accessibility, expanding on the first edition and combining scientific concepts with colorful pictures and stories in simple, clear language. Readers will find introductory information on some chemistry and plant biology. This prepares them for the more complex chemical structures that compose plant substances, many of them of vital importance to humans. The final chapter has been expanded, in particular the sections on medicinal plants and on genetic modification. The end-of chapter references have been thoroughly updated with articles, books, and relevant websites that illustrate the topics discussed. Dr Margareta Sequin, an organic chemist and plant enthusiast, has taught popular undergraduate college level courses on plant chemistry to non-chemistry majors and has led numerous field seminars for the general public. The comments and questions from these audiences and the topics that especially captured people's interest have greatly shaped this book. The Chemistry of Plants addresses an audience with little previous chemistry knowledge, but will appeal to the expert reader looking for an understanding of more complex plant compounds. It can be used both as a text to introduce organic chemistry as it relates to plants and as a text of reference for more advanced readers.Table of ContentsBasic Plant Chemistry Concepts; The Molecular Building Blocks; Perfumes, Volatile Plant Scents; Colorful Plant Pigments; Poisons and Other Plant Defenses; Plants and People

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Book SynopsisAsh is a beautifully illustrated account of the botanical and cultural faces of the ash tree. The book maps the tree’s evolution and geographical spread across the entire Northern Hemisphere over the last 44 million years, and describes the 43 species that grace the planet today. Edward Parker also explores the botany, cultural history and medicinal uses of the tree, from its significance in ancient Indo-European cultures, to its remarkable properties in treating Alzheimer’s disease. In addition he looks at topical issues, such as the devastating effects that the spread of the emerald ash borer beetle and the ash dieback fungal infection are having on Northern Hemisphere forests.Trade Review"The triumph and tragedy of the ash is one of the stories that define our age. Few trees are more beautiful and so bountiful in the number of species they support, and none are so versatile in the uses we have found for it. Parker's book fills one with admiration for this wonderful tree even as we weep for its fate." -- Peter Marren, author of "Rainbow Dust: Three Centuries of Butterfly Delight"

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Book SynopsisFood Plants of the World is a comprehensive overview of the commercially important plants that provide us with food, beverages, spices and flavours. It includes descriptions of around 380 food and flavour plants and their close relatives. For each plant, the following information is given: plant description, origin & history, cultivation & harvesting, culinary uses & properties, and nutritional value. This revised edition is thoroughly updated throughout, and includes around 30 additional species, as well as an introduction to functional foods. This is an indispensable reference guide for anyone interested in the botanical origin of food ingredients and flavours.Table of Contents0: (Contents of current edition) 1: Preface 2: Intro 3: Regions of origin 4: Cereals 5: Pulses (legumes) 6: Nuts and seeds 7: Fruits 8: Vegetables 9: Culinary herbs 10: Sugars, gums, gels and starches 11: Beverages 12: Spices and flavours 13: The plants in alphabetical order 14: Nutrients, diets and health 15: Quick guide to food plants 16: Glossary 17: Further reading

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Book SynopsisThis full-colour photographic guide describes and illustrates over 350 different species of widely used cut flowers and foliage plants. Cut Flowers of the World is a user-friendly but scientifically accurate, quick reference guide to the most important commercial cut flowers, foliage greens and potted flowers that are sold in florist shops all over the world. This second edition has been expanded to include updated cultivar photos, and a new section on the practical aspects of cut flower production. For each flower, the following information is given: description of the plant; geographical origin; historical overview; cultivation; properties such as colours, scent and vase life; quality criteria (how to select for quality); and the proper care and handling of the flowers. Also included are introductory chapters on basic aspects such as cultivation methods, harvesting and shipping techniques, cultivar development, and modern trends in marketing.Table of Contents1: Preface 2: Introduction 3: History of flowers 4: The language of flowers 5: Regions of origin 6: The modern cut flower industry 7: Main production areas 8: From breeder to consumer 9: Cultivars and breeding 10: Cultivation of cut flowers 11: Harvesting of cut flowers 12: Post-harvest treatment of cut flowers 13: Marketing of cut flowers 14: Properties of cut flowers 15: Quality criteria 16: Care and handling of fresh cut flowers 17: Care and handling of dried flowers 18: Care and handling of cut greens and foliage 19: Care and handling of potted flowers 20: Cut flowers in alphabetical order 21: Concluding material, including common name indexes; Overview of cut flower production; Glossary of terms Quick guide to commercial florist flowers

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Book SynopsisSpices, scents and silks were at the centre of world trade for millennia. Exotic luxuries such as cinnamon, ginger, pepper, saffron, clove, frankincense and myrrh. Through their international trade, humans were pushed to explore and then travel to the far corners of the earth. Almost from their inception, the earliest great civilizations - Egypt, Sumer and Harappa - became addicted to the luxury products of far-off lands and established long-reaching trade networks. Over time, great powers fought mightily for the kingdoms where silk, spices and scents were produced. The New World was accidentally discovered by Columbus in his quest for spices. What made trade in these products so remarkable was that the plants producing them grew in very restricted areas of the world, distant from the wealthy civilizations of northern Africa, Greece and Europe. These luxuries could be carried from mysterious locations on the backs of camels or in the holds of ships for months on end, and arrived at their final destination in nearly perfect condition. Once the western world discovered the intoxicating properties of these products, their procurement became a dominant force in the world economy. Nothing else compared with their possible profit returns. In this book, eminent horticulturist and author James Hancock examines the origins and early domestication and culture of spices, scents and silks and the central role they played in the lives of the ancients. The book also traces the development of the great international trade networks and explores how struggles for trade dominance and demand for such luxuries shaped the world. Recommended for academics, students and general readers with an interest in crop and agricultural development, world trade, economic botany, history of food, and global economics and public policy, Spices, Scents and Silk offers a fascinating and insightful history.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Origins of Scents, Spices and Silk Chapter 3: Exotic Luxuries in Antiquity Chapter 4: Ancient Mediterranean Trade Links Chapter 5: Land of Punt and the Incense Routes Chapter 6: Origins of Spice Trade in the Indian Ocean Chapter 7: Silk Route Beginnings Chapter 8: Silk Route Connections Chapter 9: Ancient Southeast Asian Maritime Trade Chapter 10: Golden Age of Byzantium Chapter 11: Pan Islamica Chapter 12: Spice Trade in the Dark Ages of Europe Chapter 13: The Eastern Roman Empire and the Rise of Venice Chapter 14: Medieval Shifts in the Balance of Power Chapter 15: Monsoon Islam Chapter 16: Portuguese Discovery and Conquest Chapter 17: The Portuguese Build an Empire Chapter 18: The Spanish Build Their Empire Chapter 19: The Dutch and English Conquest of South East Asia Chapter 20: Age of Expansion Chapter 21: The Ottoman and Safavid Silk Trade Chapter 22: End of the Spice Era

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Book SynopsisOrganic crop production is the science and art of growing field crops, fruits, vegetables, and flowers by adopting the essential principles of organic agriculture in soil building and conservation, pest management, and heirloom variety conservation. This book provides detailed insights into organic farming in agriculture, biological efficacy in the management of plant diseases, organic nutrient management, socio-economic dimensions of adoption of conservation practices, nonchemical weed control, plant growth promoting fungi for phytostimulation, nanotechnological approaches, and finally vermicomposting. The book primarily focuses on research and development based organic agriculture and horticulture production technologies, and has attempted to abridge information on organic crop production of the major food grain crops. The book also contains comprehensive information on the various related dimensions of organic crop production.

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Book SynopsisMedicinal plants and the natural products within them, still remain the starting point for breakthroughs in the development of safe, pharmacologically active synthetic molecules for use in a wide variety of clinical situations. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is one of the most ancient medical doctrines, and is well-documented in terms of information about diseases, diagnoses and treatments, especially in the application of medicinal plants. TPM has been used for centuries worldwide, and many of these methods are still used in Iran today.The book introduces the basics of TPM, and describes the key medicinal plants used for the treatment of different diseases. It also highlights possible new targets for research activities in drug discovery of natural products. The book is richly illustrated with historic drawings from old Persian pharmacopoeia and photos of plants in their natural habitats. Reference to Ayurvedic, Traditional Chinese Medicine and monastic medicine in Europe are also made.While knowledge about medicinal plants used in TPM still exists in Iran there is a risk that the detailed expertise provided by older generations will be lost in the near future. It is therefore very important that this cultural heritage is properly preserved. This book provides a valuable, evidence-based resource on TPM for researchers, practitioners and students in medicinal plants, ethnobotany and herbal medicine.

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Book SynopsisAlgae are sunlight-driven cell factories, and can efficiently absorb CO2 and convert light energy to chemical energy such as lipid, starch and other carbohydrates and release O2. Algal feedstock is a promising resource for bioproduct production, given its high photosynthetic efficiency for producing biomass compared to conventional crops. Microalgae can be used for flue-gas and wastewater bioremediation. This book highlights recent breakthroughs in the multidisciplinary areas of algal biotechnology and the chapters feature recent developments from cyanobacteria to eukaryotic algae, from theoretical biology to applied biology. It also includes the latest advancements in algal-based synthetic biology, including metabolic engineering, artificial biological system construction and green chemicals production. With contributions by leading authorities in algal biotechnology research, it is a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in the field, and those involved in the study of photosynthesis and green-cell factories.

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Book SynopsisCitrus fruit, originating in Southeast Asia, have been cultivated and enjoyed for over 4000 years. Moreover, they are grown in nearly every country within 40°north-south latitude, the major producers being China, Brazil, the USA, and countries bordering the Mediterranean. This new edition continues to adopt an international perspective on citrus, covering its biology and cultivation as well as considering issues in the citrus industry and providing examples from around the world. The authors include discussion on important topics such as biotechnical advances in citrus genetics, current techniques in breeding, the role of climatic factors in worldwide production, the importance of rootstocks, plant husbandry, pests and diseases, and postharvest technology. They emphasize current theories and technological advances in citriculture, citing specific examples of how they are used and in which regions. Citrus 2nd edition describes the scientific basis of production practices and is aimed at professionals in the industry as well as advanced students of horticulture and allied disciplines within plant science and food science.Table of Contents1: HISTORY, DISTRIBUTION AND USES OF CITRUS FRUIT 2: TAXONOMY, CULTIVARS AND BREEDING 3: ROOTSTOCKS 4: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS ON GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSIOLOGY OF CITRUS 5: PLANT HUSBANDRY 6: ARTHROPOD PESTS 7: DISEASES 8: FRUIT QUALITY, HARVESTING AND POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY

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Book SynopsisModel studies focus experimental investigations to improve our understanding and performance of systems. Concentrating on crop modeling, this book provides an introduction to the concepts of crop development, growth, and yield, with step-by-step outlines to each topic, suggested exercises and simple equations. A valuable text for students and researchers of crop development alike, this book is written in five parts that allow the reader to develop a solid foundation and coverage of production models including water- and nitrogen-limited systems.Table of ContentsPart I: Background 1: What is a crop model? 2: Fundamental Guides in Constructing Crop Models 3: Evaluation of Model to Meet Objectives 4: Applications of Crop Models 5: Status of Crop Modeling Part II: Potential Production Models 6: Phenology - Temperature 7: Phenology - Temperature & Photoperiod 8: Phenology - Vernalization 9: Crop Leaf Area 10: Dry Matter Production 11: Dry Matter Distribution and Yield Formation 12: A Model for Potential Production Part III: Water-Limited Models 13: Soil Water 14: Soil Water Balance 15: Plant Responses to Soil Water Deficit and Excess 16: A Model for Water-Limited Conditions Part IV: Nitrogen-Limited Models 17: Plant Nitrogen Budget 18: Soil Nitrogen Balance 19: A Model for Nitrogen-Limited Conditions 20: Appendices

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Book SynopsisIn the seventeenth century, even the most elaborate and fashionable gardens had areas set aside for growing herbs, fruit, vegetables and flowers for domestic use, while those of more modest establishments were vital to the survival of the household. This was also a period of exciting introductions of plants from overseas. Using manuscript household manuals, recipe books and printed herbals, this book takes the reader on a tour of the productive garden and of the various parts of the house – kitchens and service rooms, living rooms and bedrooms – to show how these plants were used for cooking and brewing, medicines and cosmetics, in the making and care of clothes, and finally to keep rooms fresh, fragrant and decorated. Recipes used by seventeenth-century households for preparations such as flower syrups, snail water and wormwood ale are also included. A brief herbal gives descriptions of plants that are familiar today, others not so well known, such as the herbs used for dyeing and brewing, and those that held a particular cultural importance in the seventeenth century. Featuring exquisite coloured illustrations from John Gerard’s herbal of 1597 as well as prints, archival material and manuscripts, this book provides an intriguing and original focus on the domestic history of Stuart England.Trade Review"[The Domestic Herbal] is a history rather than a practical guide on the precise uses, planting strategies and the like for household herbs. It should be especially useful for those who have some experience in household gardening and are looking for some inspiration in plants that have previously been planted at home, even if today such home planting seems strange. This study is also of interest to those who want to understand more intimately the household lives of seventeenth-century Europeans (mostly Brits). Thus, this is a good addition mostly for academic libraries." * Pennsylvania Literary Journal *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments viiIntroduction 1Productive Gardens 17For the Table 57Small Beer & Strong Liquors 89A Herbal 112Health & Beauty 131Care of Clothes 161Fragrant Chambers 181Notes 206Select Bibliography 216Picture Credits 219Index 221

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Book SynopsisKey Clinical Topics in Sports and Exercise Medicine offers an indispensable revision guide for Sports and Exercise Medicine trainees. Designed to provide rapid access to over 100 core topics, this book reflects the latest developments in this highly relevant and evolving specialty. Edited by leading Consultants, Sports and Exercise Medicine provides the essential resource for exam revision and quick reference at the point of care. • Over 100 topics presented in alpha order, from abdominal injuries, to urinary injuries • Arranged in a consistent, standardised manner to facilitate ease and speed of use • Includes illustrations to improve understanding of key concepts • Contributions from experienced specialists to ensure authoritative, accurate contentTable of Contents1. Abdominal injuries in sport 2. Achilles tendon and calf 3. Ageing and sport 4. Altitude 5. Ankle - persistent problems following sprains: lateral ankle instability 6. Ankle - persistent problems following sprains: other injuries 7. Ankle - persistent problems following sprains: overview 8. Back pain - discogenic 9. Back pain - lumbar strains and sprains 10. Back pain - overview 11. Back pain - spondylolysis 12. Biomechanics 13. Cervical spine - cervical cord neuropraxia 14. Cervical spine - cervical disc injuries and herniations 15. Cervical spine - cervical ligament and muscle injuries 16. Cervical spine - fracture dislocation 17. Cervical spine - nerve root/brachial plexus injuries 18. Cervical spine injuries – overview 19. Chest injuries (Chest Wall and Intrathoracic) 20. Cold - hypothermia 21. Compartment pressure syndromes 22. Diabetes and exercise 23. Disability and sport - classification 24. Disability and sport - equipment 25. Disability and sport - medical problems 26. Disability and sport - overview 27. Diving, breath-holding and scuba 28. Drugs in sport - anabolics 29. Drugs in sport - blood doping, erythropoietin and altitude training 30. Drugs in sport - overview 31. Drugs in sport - the administrative framework: doping control procedures 32. Ear, nose, throat conditions in athletes 33. Elbow - instability 34. Elbow - lateral and medial epicondylitis (tennis elbow) NOW TWO TOPICS) 35. Elbow - throwing injuries 36. Epilepsy and exercise 37. Event doctor 38. Exercise and health 39. Exercise physiology - circulatory and respiratory systems 40. Exercise promotion 41. Eye injuries in sports 42. Fatigue 43. Female athlete - exercise during pregnancy 44. Female athlete - the triad 45. Fitness Testing 46. Forearm and wrist conditions 47. Gender verification 48. Gene doping 49. Groin pain 50. Hand injuries 51. Head injury 52. Heel pain 53. Imaging of sports injuries - computed tomography (CT) 54. Imaging of sports injuries - isotope bone scan 55. Imaging of sports injuries - magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 56. Imaging of sports injuries - plain radiograph (plain X-ray) 57. Imaging of sports injuries - ultrasound (USS) 58. Infection and sport 59. Knee - acute injuries 60. Knee - anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries 61. Knee - cartilage conditions 62. Knee - MCL and LCL injuries 63. Knee - meniscus injuries 64. Knee - multiligament injuries 65. Knee - other injuries 66. Knee - overuse injuries 67. Knee - patello femoral conditions & Anterior Knee pain 68. Knee - posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries 69. Maxillofacial injuries in sport 70. Muscle properties relevant to sports and exercise 71. Nerve entrapment syndromes - lower limb 72. Nerve entrapment syndromes - upper limb 73. Nerve injury - overview of peripheral nerve injuries 74. Osteoarthritis and sport 75. Paediatrics - osteochondrosis (osteochondritis) 76. Paediatrics - sports injuries 77. Paediatrics - sports medicine 78. Physiotherapy - acute injury management 79. Physiotherapy - general principles 80. Physiotherapy - rehabilitation 81. Physiotherapy - the team physiotherapist 82. Prevention of sports injuries 83. Psychology - performance enhancement 84. Psychology - sports injuries 85. Pulmonary disorders and exercise 86. Risk of sudden death in athletes 87. Shin pain 88. Shoulder - acromioclavicular joint injuries 89. Shoulder - acute dislocation 90. Shoulder - impingement syndrome/rotator cuff disease 91. Shoulder - instability 92. Shoulder - long head of biceps lesions 93. Shoulder - SLAP lesions 94. Shoulder and overhead throwing athlete 95. Skin infections in athletes 96. Stress fractures 97. Team physician 98. Tendinopathy 99. Thermoregulation and fluid balance in hot conditions 100. Thigh - muscular contusions and myositis ossificans 101. Thigh pain (anterior) - quadriceps muscle injuries 102. Thigh pain (posterior) - hamstring strains 103. Training 104. Unexplained underperformance syndrome 105. Urinary tract injuries

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Book SynopsisHome brewing and wine-making is fun, easy and hugely satisfying. If you garden or forage,can follow a recipe or make jam, and you enjoy a drink, this is the book for you. Andy's no-nonsense, easy-to-follow guide will enable the beginner and inspire the expertwith over 100 recipes including beer made from hops and but also yarrow, mugwort, elderand other foraged plants, great tasting wines from fruit, vegetables and the hedgerows,cider and perry from apples and pears, cordials from the leaves of a range of trees, and teas and fizzy drinks from herbs and wayside flowers.- Discover the secret language of home brewing and drinks making.- Make cheap, wholesome drinks, to your preferred taste and strengthin little time, with minimum fuss and no need for expensive equipment.- Turn your garden into a drinkers' paradise.- Find where and how to forage for success.- Impress your friends with the weird, wonderful and just plain tasty.Try Carrot Whisky, Sloe and Damson Rum, Parsnip Sherry, Elderberry and Blackberry Wine,Pumpkin Beer, Broom Tonic, Meadowsweet tea as well as classics such as Elderflowerchampagne, sloe gin, prison brew... Cheers!Trade ReviewSome guys have all the luck. Andy Hamilton has 'road tested' over 100 DIY drinks - many of them pleasantly alcoholic- to be made from the plants of the garden, hedge, field and wood, and has brought the results to the pages of his Booze for Free. The result is a home imbiber's delight, full of lore, sense, entertainment, humour, botany, history and tongue-tantalizing recipes. Hamilton has that wholly underrated, but absolutely essential skill in a practical matters, of writing with pure clarity and absolute readability. His recipes won't let you down. You may fall down after sampling some of the stronger brews, but that's another matter -- John Lewis-Stempel, author of THE WILD LIFE: A YEAR LIVING ON WILD FOODFor those who give a damn about the planet but still want to enjoy a beautifully crafted pint of the finest, Booze for Free is absolutely compulsory reading. Sláinte Andy -- Mark Boyle, author of THE MONEYLESS MANWow... it's brilliant! So many mouthwateringly delicious ideas and recipes!... But this is so much more than a 'recipe' book. Packed with fascinating and useful information about the world of foraging, not to mention a good pinch of humour, it makes me want to abandon life as I know it -- Brigit Strawbridge, star of ‘It’s Not Easy Being Green’Booze for Free is a book-of-the year contender... a book which I'll be reading again and again (trying out recipes and techniques as I go along), and you'd have to be drunk not to want to do the same! * www.realepicurean.com *Andy's book reveals the treasure trove in our hedgerows, fields and woodlands -- Kate Humble

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Book SynopsisThis open access book presents simple, robust pre-field screening protocols that allow plant breeders to screen for enhanced tolerance to heat stress in rice. Two critical heat-sensitive stages in the lifecycle of the rice crop are targeted – the seedling and flowering stages – with screening based on simple phenotypic responses. The protocols are based on the use of a hydroponics system and/or pot experiments in a glasshouse in combination with a controlled growth chamber where the heat stress treatment is applied. The protocols are designed to be effective, simple, reproducible and user-friendly. The protocols will enable plant breeders to effectively reduce the number of plants from a few thousands to less than 100 candidate individual mutants or lines in a greenhouse/growth chamber, which can then be used for further testing and validation in the field conditions. The methods can also be used to classify rice genotypes according to their heat tolerance characteristics. Thus, different types of heat stress tolerance mechanisms can be identified, presenting opportunities for pyramiding different (mutant) sources of heat stress tolerance. Table of ContentsGeneral Introduction.- Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice at the Seedling and Reproductive Stages.- Validation of Screening Protocols for Heat Tolerance in Rice.- Conclusion.- References.

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Book SynopsisThis book describes the exciting biology and chemistry of strigolactones. Outgrowth of shoot branches? Development of lateral roots? Interactions with beneficial microorganisms? Avoiding parasitic plants? Responding to drought conditions? These important “decisions” that plants make are all regulated by a group of hormones called strigolactones.The latest research has yielded a number of new biological concepts, such as a redefinition of plant hormones and their crosstalk, new functional diversity of receptors, hormonal “smoke and mirrors,” core signaling pathways, and even phloem transport of receptor proteins. Another important aspect of strigolactones is the related synthetic chemistry, which could pave the way for a variety of potential applications in agriculture and medicine.The book explains in detail the role that strigolactones play in plant development, and addresses the interaction of plants with soil biota and abiotic stress conditions, prospects of strigolactone biochemistry and evolution, and chemical synthesis of natural strigolactones and analogs, together with their potential applications. Including a glossary and end-of-chapter synopses to aid in comprehension, it offers a valuable asset for teachers, lecturers and (post-) graduate students in biology, agronomy and related areas..Table of Contents1. Strigolactone natural biosynthesis.- 2. Strigolactones as plant hormones.- 3. Strigolactones and parasitic plants.- 4. Strigolactones and the soil microbiota.- 5. Strigolactones likes and evolution.- 6. Strigolactones synthetic chemistry and applications.- 7. Synopses.

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Book SynopsisThe vegetation addressed in this book is, biologically, one of the most diverse on Earth, with many characteristic taxa offering refuge and food sources for many resident and migratory animals. Yet the forests of Las Yungas remain poorly known from a floristic and vegetation point of view. This book seeks to fill that gap by studying the distribution of forest along an altitudinal but also a bioclimatic gradient. The richness in species demonstrates that these forests are substantially more diverse than other subtropical mountain woodlands. 103 diagnostic (characteristic or indicator) species were selected, of which 29 are dominant, 67 are exclusive, selective, preferential or differential, and 7 are stenoic. In addition, 13 communities were identified and characterized. These forests can be attributed to the Bolivian-Tucuman biogeographical province (South-Andean Region, Neotropical Sub-Kingdom). They are seasonal, semi-deciduous or evergreen micro- and mesowoodlands growing on foothills, hillsides, ravines, gorges and the edges of mountain ranges (terrestrial communities), as well as river terraces and beaches (riparian communities). Thanks to the range of new findings, the content presented here will benefit experts in related fields such as geographers, ecologists and botanists, but also teachers, nature guides, those involved in the management of forest or conservation areas, and policymakers. Table of ContentsVegetation of Las Yungas (Serranías de Zapla, Jujuy, Argentina): Subtropical Mountain Forest.- General Features of Serranías de Zapla Multiple Use Ecology Reserve.- Bioclimatology.- Geobotany of Serranías de Zapla Multiple Use Ecology Reserve: Flora and Vegetation.- Biodiversity Analysis: A Geobotanic Interpretation.- Final Remarks.

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Book SynopsisThis book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.By 2050, human population is expected to reach 9.7 billion. The demand for increased food production needs to be met from ever reducing resources of land, water and other environmental constraints. Rice remains the staple food source for a majority of the global populations, but especially in Asia where ninety percent of rice is grown and consumed. Climate change continues to impose abiotic and biotic stresses that curtail rice quality and yields. Researchers have been challenged to provide innovative solutions to maintain, or even increase, rice production. Amongst them, the ‘green super rice’ breeding strategy has been successful for leading the development and release of multiple abiotic and biotic stress tolerant rice varieties. Recent advances in plant molecular biology and biotechnologies have led to the identification of stress responsive genes and signaling pathways, which open up new paradigms to augment rice productivity. Accordingly, transcription factors, protein kinases and enzymes for generating protective metabolites and proteins all contribute to an intricate network of events that guard and maintain cellular integrity. In addition, various quantitative trait loci associated with elevated stress tolerance have been cloned, resulting in the detection of novel genes for biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Mechanistic understanding of the genetic basis of traits, such as N and P use, is allowing rice researchers to engineer nutrient-efficient rice varieties, which would result in higher yields with lower inputs. Likewise, the research in micronutrients biosynthesis opens doors to genetic engineering of metabolic pathways to enhance micronutrients production. With third generation sequencing techniques on the horizon, exciting progress can be expected to vastly improve molecular markers for gene-trait associations forecast with increasing accuracy. This book emphasizes on the areas of rice science that attempt to overcome the foremost limitations in rice production. Our intention is to highlight research advances in the fields of physiology, molecular breeding and genetics, with a special focus on increasing productivity, improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and nutritional quality of rice.Table of Contents1 Advances in Genetics and Breeding of Rice: An Overview2 Strategies for engineering photosynthesis for enhanced plant biomass production3 Green super rice (GSR) traits: Breeding and genetics for multiple biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in rice4 Advances in two-line heterosis breeding in rice via the temperature-sensitive genetic male sterility system5 Growing rice with less water: improving productivity by decreasing water demand6 Crop establishment in direct-seeded rice: traits, physiology and genetics7 Genetics and Breeding of Heat Tolerance in Rice8 Genetics and Breeding of Low-temperature stress tolerance in rice 9 Arsenic stress responses and accumulation in rice10 Molecular approaches for Disease Resistance in Rice11 Molecular approaches for insect pest management in rice12 Doubled Haploids in Rice improvement: Approaches, Applications and Future prospects13 Zinc-biofortified rice: a sustainable food-based product for fighting zinc malnutrition14 Biofortification of Rice Grains for Increased Iron Content

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Book SynopsisThis book offers a comprehensive analysis of the application level for various agricultural biotechnologies across Sub-Saharan Africa. The authors examine the capacity available as well as the enabling environment, including policy and investments, for facilitating agricultural biotechnology development and use in the region. For each Sub-Saharan country, the status of biotechnology application is assessed in four major sectors; Crops, Livestock, Forestry and Aquaculture. Examples such as the number and requisite skill levels of trained personnel, biosafety frameworks and public awareness are surfaced in these chapters. This work also discusses the impact of push-pull factors on research, training and food security and identifies opportunities for investment in biotechnology and local agribusiness.Development partners, policy makers, agricultural consultants as well as scientists and private sector investors with an interest in biotechnology initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa will find this collection an important account to identify key gaps in capacity and policy, as well as priority areas going forward. The volume highlights ways to develop technology and increase agricultural production capacity through international cooperation and inclusive economic growth, making it a valuable practice guide in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals, in particular SDG 2 Zero Hunger and SDG 8 Decent Work and Economic Growth. Clear case studies round off the reading experience.Table of ContentsPreliminaryBook Editors: J.E.O. Rege and Keith Sones ed.rege@emerge-africa.org, keith@sones.info Chapter 1: Introduction (J.E.O. Rege & Keith Sones) ed.rege@emerge-africa.org The definition and spectrum of ag biotech; the African experience to date; the objectives of the book and how it is organized Chapter 2: The state of Applications of Agricultural Biotechnology in Sub-Saharan Africa (Dan Kiambi, Joel W. Ochieng’ and J.E.O. Rege) dionysious.kiambi@pacuniversity.ac.ke Extent of applications of ag biotech (from low- to high-tech) by sectors (crops, livestock, fisheries, and forestry); differences in applications (within and across sectors) by countries and sub-regions of Africa Chapter 3: The state of Capacities for Agricultural Biotechnology in Sub-Saharan Africa (J.E.O. Rege, Joel W. Ochieng’ and Dan Kiambi) ed.rege@emerge-africa.org Including access to complementary technologies (e.g. ICT); others? Chapter 4: The state of Enabling Environment for Agricultural Biotechnology in Sub-Saharan Africa (J.E.O Rege, Dan Kiambi, and Joel W. Ochieng’) ed.rege@emerge-africa.org Policy, legislation, investments, links to capacity, IP, etc. Chapter 5: Impacts of Biotechnology on Sub-Saharan African Agriculture (J.E.O. Rege and Keith Sones) ed.rege@emerge-africa.org Qualitative and quantitative outcomes and impacts of ag biotech applications in Africa by sectors (crops, livestock, fisheries, and forestry); Economic (e.g. cost-benefit of these technologies) and social dimensions (e.g. social acceptance?); Are smallholders winning or losing? Win-win possibilities for future Chapter 6: Gaps and Opportunities for Agricultural Biotechnology in Sub-Saharan Africa (J.E.O. Rege and Keith Sones) ed.rege@emerge-africa.org Based on lessons to date, what will it take for Africa to achieve a trajectory of sustained transformative change through use of technologies? · Mobilizing increased public and private sector investments – incl. IP issues (ref to enabling environment) · Institutional arrangements for research (e.g. shared facilities across sectors and countries?) · South-South and South-North collaborations · Incubation models · Cross-border movement of technologies (e.g. quality seed and breeding stock) · Outsource or not? E.g. sequencing/genotyping in China? North America?? Pros and Cons!

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Book SynopsisThis open access book covers a century of research on wheat genetics and evolution, starting with the discovery in 1918 of the accurate number of chromosomes in wheat. We re-evaluate classical studies that are pillars of the current knowledge considering recent genomic data in the wheat group comprising 31 species from the genera Amblyopyrum, Aegilops, Triticum, and other more distant relatives. For these species, we describe morphology, ecogeographical distribution, phylogeny as well as cytogenetic and genomic features. For crops, we also address evolution under human selection, namely pre-domestication cultivation and domestication. We re-examine the genetic and archeological evidence of where, when, and how domestication occurred. We discuss unique aspects of genome evolution and maintenance under polyploidization, in natural and synthetic allopolyploids of the wheat group. Finally, we propose some thoughts on the future prospects of wheat improvement. As such, it can be of great interest to wheat researchers and breeders as well as to plant scientists and students interested in plant genetics, evolution, domestication, and polyploidy.Table of Contents

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a huge range and FREE tracked UK delivery on ALL orders.

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Book SynopsisCrop production in greenhouses is a growing industry, especially in mild climates, and is very important for the population as a source of income and clean, fresh food. Greenhouses create optimal climate conditions for crop growth and protect crops from outside pests. At the same time greenhouse production increases water use efficiency and makes integrated production and protection (IPP) possible. This book provides technical instructions for practice (what to do and what not to do) and gives answers to the question: How to produce more clean crops and better quality with less water, less land and less pesticide. Suitable greenhouse constructions and their design, adapted to local climates in subtropical, tropical and arid regions and infrastructure conditions are presented. The necessary climate control measures - light transmittance, ventilation, cooling, heating, and CO2 enrichment - and physical measures for pest control, as well as methods for using solar energy to desalinate salty water are described. The results of theoretical research are transferred into methods for practical use, so that readers are equipped to solve their problems in practice as well as to get stimulation for further research and development.Table of ContentsIntroduction.- Climate conditions and classification.- Crop growth requirement and climate control.- General design criteria for greenhouses.- Greenhouse constructions.- Light transmittance of greenhouses.- Cladding material.- Greenhouse components, mounting, installation and maintenance.- Ventilation.- Insect screening.- Cooling.- Heating.- Crop water requirement and water use efficiency.- Rain water collection and storage. Desalination of salty water and closed system greenhouse.- CO2 enrichment.- References.- Annexes.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisDieses Werk stellt das faszinierende Gebiet der Ausbreitungsbiologie dar, welches neben der Blütenbiologie, botanische und zoologische Verknüpfungen in mannigfacher und komplizierter Weise zeigt. Da Verallgemeinerungen, wie überall im belebten Bereich, ein falsches Bild ergeben, müssen viele Detailergebnisse beschrieben und erläutert werden. ((vorläufig))Wie schaffen es Farn- und Blütenpflanzen, als standortgebundene Lebewesen, sich auszubreiten und neue Lebensräume zu erschließen? Was für Möglichkeiten haben sie? Welche Strategien haben sie im Lauf der Evolution entwickelt? Auf diese Fragen erhalten Sie Antworten. Pflanzen bedienen sich neben Wachstum fremder Hilfe durch Wind und Wasser oder Tiere, um ihren festen Standort zu verlassen. Dabei nutzen sie raffinierte Strategien und andere Lebewesen zu gegenseitigem Nutzen. Sie scheuen sich aber auch nicht, die ihnen dienenden Tiere zu täuschen, zu betrügen oder gar empfindlich zu schädigen. Nur wenigen Pflanzen gelingt es, mit Hilfe des eigenen Turgors, ihre Samen effektiv auszubreiten. Viele Beispiele ausgeklügelter Beziehungen zwischen der Tier- und Pflanzenwelt werden vorgestellt. Erstaunlich ist, dass selbst nah verwandte Arten ganz unterschiedliche Strategien anwenden. Die Ausbreitungsbiologie verbindet Botanik und Zoologie auf faszinierende Weise und offenbart überraschende Einblicke.Table of ContentsEinführung.- Bodensamenbank.- Telechorie - Fernausbreitung.- Atelechorie - Ausbreitungshemmung.

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