Book SynopsisThis highly regarded volume features a modern translation of all ten books of The Republic along with a synoptic table of contents, a prefatory essay, and an appendix on The Spindle of Necessity by the translator and editor, Raymond Larson. Also included are an introduction by Eva T.H.Table of ContentsPreface and background to the Republic xiii Introduction xxiii Principal Dates xlvii Current Opinions of Justice Refuted (Book 1) 1 Introductory Dialogue (Socrates and Cephalus, 328c-331d) 2 First Definition (Cephalus, 331a-d) 5 Refutation (332c-335d) 6 Third Definition (Thrasymachus, 338c-343a) 13 Refutation (339b-e) 14 Redefinition of Ruler (340d-341a) 15 Refutation (341c-343a) 16 New Argument (343a-348a) 18 Refutations of (a): i) 345b-348a) 20 Refutation of (b), 352d-354a 28 Conclusion (354a-c) 30 Justice Reexamined, in the State and in the Individual (Books 2-4) 31 Adeimantus (362d-367e) 35 The Problem Examined and Solved (368c-445e) 40 Second State of the State (372d-427c) 44 Elementary Education of the guardians (376c-415d) 48 Gymnastics (physical education), 403c-412b 73 Instilling and testing patriotism and leadership, 412c-415d 81 Living arrangements of guardians and auxiliaries (415d-427c) 85 Conclusion (427c-434d) 94 Wisdom = the knowledge of the guardians (428a-429a) 95 Courage = the auxiliaries’ opinion of “what is and is not to be feared” (429a-30c) 96 Temperance = agreement of all three classes about who should rule and be ruled (430d-432b) 97 Justice = each of the three classes “tending its own business” and not preempting the work of another (432b-434d) 99 Composition of the Soul (434d-441c) 101 Conclusion (441d-444e) 109 Degeneration Regimes and Souls, Interrupted (445b-449a) 113 Digression: The Best Regime and Men (Books 5-7) 114 Organization of the Best Regime (451c-461e) 116 Women and children will not be private possessions but common to all of the men. Marriage arrangements, eugenics (457c-461e) 122 The Superiority and Possibility of Such a City (462a-473e) 126 Excursus: regulations for warfare (466e-471c) 131 Such a city is not impossible (471e-473c) 136 Reminder that the best state is only a model, not completely realizable in practice (472b-473b). It is possible only if philosophers become kings or kings philosophers (473c-3), 138 The Best Men: Philosopher Kings (Guardians), Book 5, 474b-Book 7 139 The Philosophic Nature (485a-503e) 147 Higher Education of the Guardians (504a-535a) 165 The Simple of the Sun (506e-509b) 168 The Simile of the Divided Line (509d-511e) 171 The Simile of the Cave (514a-521b) 174 Curriculum (521c-535a) 181 Plane geometry, 526c-527c 186 Harmonics, 530d-531c 190 Selection of the Guardians (535a-540c) 195 Brief Excursus (540d-541b) 200 Degenerate Regimes and Souls, Resumed From Book 5 (Books 8 and 9) 201 Cause of Change or Decline in a State: Civil War (545c-547c) 203 Degenerate Regimes and Men, Described and Compared (547c-592b) 205 Oilgarchy (rule of the wealthy few) and the oligarchic man (550c-555b) 208 Democracy (rule of the people) and the democratic man (555b-562a) 213 Tyranny (dictatorship) and the tyrannical man (562a-580a) 220 The five types are judged for their goodness and happiness and ranked in the order in which they were presented: Aristocracy and the aristocratic man are the best and happiness; tyranny and the tyrant are the worst and most miserable (580a-588a) 237 Conclusion: The aristocrat is just, the tyrant unjust. Therefore justice makes a man happy, injustice makes him unhappy (588b-592b) 247 Denunciation of Imitative Poetry (Book 10, 595a-608b) 251 Imitative poetry appeals to the emotions rather than to the mind (602c-605c) 259 Imitative poetry deforms character (605c-608b) 263 Immortality and the Rewards of Justice (608b-End) 265 Rewards of Justice and Punishments of Injustice in This Life (612b-614a) 269 Rewards and Punishments After Death (614a-621d) 271 Appendix: The Spindle of Necessity 279 Bibliography 283
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