Books by Aristotle

Book SynopsisMan is by nature a political animalIn The Politics Aristotle addresses the questions that lie at the heart of political science. How should society be ordered to ensure the happiness of the individual? Which forms of government are best and how should they be maintained? By analysing a range of city constitutions – oligarchies, democracies and tyrannies – he seeks to establish the strengths and weaknesses of each system to decide which are the most effective, in theory and in practice. A hugely significant work, which has influenced thinkers as diverse as Aquinas and Machiavelli, The Politics remains an outstanding commentary on fundamental political issues and concerns, and provides fascinating insights into the workings and attitudes of the Greek city-state.The introductions by T. A. Sinclair and Trevor J. Saunders discuss the influence of The Politics on philosophers, its modern relevance and Aristotle’s political beliefs. ThisTable of ContentsTranslator's introduction, T.A. Sinclair: Aristotle's life and work; Aristotle's politics in the past; Aristotle's politics today. Reviser's introduction, T.J. Saunders: a modern report on the politics; teaching and research in the Lyceum; the contents and structure of "The Politics"; Aristotle's philosophical assumptions; why read "The Politics"; the revised translation - principles of revision, translation of key terms, refractory terms, italicized prefaces to chapters, numerical references. "The Politics" Book 1: the state of an association; the state exists by nature - the two "pairs", formation of the household, formation of the village, formation of the state, the state and the individual; the household and its slaves; the slave as a tool; slavery as part of a universal natural pattern; the relation between legal and natural slavery; the nature of rule over slaves; the natural method of acquiring goods; natural and unnatural methods of acquiring goods; the proper limits of household - management - the unnaturalness of money-lending; some practical considerations - especially on the creation of monopoly; brief analysis of the authority of husband and father; morality and efficiency in the household. Book 2: introduction to ideal states - how far should sharing go?; extreme unity in Plato's "Republic"; extreme unity is impractical; further objections to community of wives and children; the ownership of property; criticisms of Plato's laws; the constitution of Phaleas; the constitution of Hippodamus; criticisms of Spartan constitution the Helots. (Part contents)

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Book SynopsisIn the Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle examines the nature of happiness, which he defines as a specially good kind of life. He considers the nature of practical reasoning, friendship, and the role and importance of the moral virtues in the best life. This new edition features a revised translation and valuable new introduction and notes.

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Book SynopsisAristotle's probing inquiry into some of the fundamental problems of philosophy, The Metaphysics is one of the classical Greek foundation-stones of western thought The Metaphysics presents Aristotle's mature rejection of both the Platonic theory that what we perceive is just a pale reflection of reality and the hard-headed view that all processes are ultimately material. He argued instead that the reality or substance of things lies in their concrete forms, and in so doing he probed some of the deepest questions of philosophy: What is existence? How is change possible? And are there certain things that must exist for anything else to exist at all? The seminal notions discussed in The Metaphysics - of 'substance' and associated concepts of matter and form, essence and accident, potentiality and actuality - have had a profound and enduring influence, and laid the foundations for one of the central branches of Western philosophy. In this editionTable of ContentsThe Metaphysics - Aristotle Translated with an Introduction by Hugh Lawson-TancredPrefaceIntroductionTHE METAPHYSICSBook AlphaBook Alpha the LesserBook BetaBook GammaBook DeltaBook EpsilonBook ZetaBook EtaBook ThetaBook IotaBook KappaBook LambdaBook MuBook NuBibliography

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Book SynopsisAddresses the question of how to live well, and originates the concept of cultivating a virtuous character as the basis of his ethical system. In this title, the author sets out to examine the nature of happiness. It discusses the nature of practical reasoning, the value and the objects of pleasure, and the different forms of friendship.Table of ContentsThe Nicomachean EthicsPrefaceChronologyIntroductionFurther ReadingA Note on the TextSynopsisThe Nicomachean EthicsBook I: The Object of LifeBook II: Moral GoodnessBook III: Moral Responsibility: Two VirtuesBook IV: Other Moral VirtuesBook V: JusticeBook VI: Intellectual VirtuesBook VII: Continence and Incontinence: THe Nature of PleasureBook VIII: The Kinds of FriendshipBook IX: The Grounds of FriendshipBook X: Pleasure and the Life of HappinessAppendix 1: Table of Virtues and VicesAppendix 2: PythagoreanismAppendix 3: The Sophists and SocratesAppendix 4: Plato's Theory of FormsAppendix 5: The CatagoriesAppendix 6: Substance and ChangeAppendix 7: Nature and TheologyAppendix 8: The Practical SyllogismAppendix 9: Pleasure and ProcessAppendix 10: LiturgiesAppendix 11: Aristotle in the Middle AgesGlossary of Greek WordsIndex of NamesSubject Index

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Book SynopsisTerence Irwin’s edition of the Nicomachean Ethics offers more aids to the reader than are found in any modern English translation. It includes an Introduction, headings to help the reader follow the argument, explanatory notes on difficult or important passages, and a full glossary explaining Aristotle’s technical terms. The Third Edition offers additional revisions of the translation as well as revised and expanded versions of the notes, glossary, and Introduction. Also new is an appendix featuring translated selections from related texts of Aristotle.Trade Review"The translation is absolutely reliable and is supplemented with notes that highlight any and all possible problems. Rich and easy to use. I love that 40 pages of supplementary texts from Aristotle are included. . . . Sometimes new editions seem pointless. This is worth it!" —James C. Klagge, Virginia Tech"I will certainly be using this third edition in the fall semester and subsequent semester. The second edition was already very good. This new edition makes it even better with its improved translation, expanded notes, and invaluable glossary." —Peter Tumulty, St. Michael's College, VT

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Book Synopsis''What is poetry, how many kinds of it are there, and what are their specific effects?''Aristotle''s Poetics is the most influential book on poetry ever written. A founding text of European aesthetics and literary criticism, from it stems much of our modern understanding of the creation and impact of imaginative writing, including poetry, drama, and fiction. For Aristotle, the art of representation conveys universal truths which we can appreciate more easily than the lessons of history or philosophy. In his short treatise Aristotle discusses the origins of poetry and its early development, the nature of tragedy and plot, and offers practical advice to playwrights. This new translation by Anthony Kenny is accompanied by associated material from Plato and a range of responses from more modern literary practitioners: Sir Philip Sidney, P. B. Shelley, and Dorothy L. Sayers. The book includes a wide-ranging introduction and notes, making this the most accessible and attractive modern editioTable of ContentsIntroduction ; Note on the Texts and Translation ; Select Bibliography ; Chronology of Aristotle ; Outline of the Poetics ; from Plato's Republic, Books II, III, and X ; Aristotle's Poetics ; from Sir Philip Sidney's Apology for Poetry ; from P. B. Shelley's Defence of Poetry ; from Dorothy L. Sayers's Aristotle on Detective Fiction ; Explanatory Notes ; Note on Metre ; Glossary of Key Terms ; Index

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Book SynopsisFor the Pre-Socratic philosophers the soul was the source of movement and sensation, while for Plato it was the seat of being, metaphysically distinct from the body that it was forced temporarily to inhabit. Plato's student Aristotle was determined to test the truth of both these beliefs against the emerging sciences of logic and biology. His examination of the huge variety of living organisms - the enormous range of their behaviour, their powers and their perceptual sophistication - convinced him of the inadequacy both of a materialist reduction and of a Platonic sublimation of the soul. In De Anima, he sought to set out his theory of the soul as the ultimate reality of embodied form and produced both a masterpiece of philosophical insight and a psychology of perennially fascinating subtlety.For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics representTable of ContentsDe Anima (On the Soul)ForewordIntroductionI. EntelechismII. The Life of AristotleIII. The Philosophical BackgroundIV. The Development and Scope of EntelechismV. Perception, Imagination and DesireVI. IntellectVII. Entelechism in the Modern DebateVIII. ConclusionIX. The TranslationGlossaryOn the SoulBook IThe Traditional BackgroundChapter One: The Scope of the WorkChapter Two: Some Earlier TheoriesChapter Three: Comments on Earlier Views IChapter Four: Comments on Earlier Views IIChapter Five: General RemarksBook IIThe Nature of the SoulChapter One: Soul as FormChapter Two: The Psychic Hierarchy IChapter Three: The Psychic Hierarchy IINutritionChapter Four: Methodological Remarks; NutritionSense-perceptionChapter Five: SensationChapter Six: The Types of Sense-objectChapter Seven: SightChapter Eight: HearingChapter Nine: SmellChapter Ten: TasteChapter Eleven: TouchChapter Twelve: Perception as the Reception of Form without MatterBook IIISense-perceptionChapter One: General Problems of Perception IChapter Two: General Problems of Perception IIImaginationChapter Three: ImaginationIntellectChapter Four: IntellectChapter Five: Intellect; Active and PassiveChapter Six: Intellect; Simple and ComplexChapter Seven: Appendix to Sense and MindChapter Eight: SUmmary of Account of Sense-perception and ThoughtMotivationChapter Nine: Motivation; The Division of the SoulChapter Ten: MotivationChapter Eleven: Appendix to MotivationAppendix: Animal SurvivalChapter Thirteen: The Teleological Context IChapter Fourteen: The Teleological Context IINotesBibliography

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Book SynopsisProvides a standard English version of Aristotle. This work contains the substance of the original translation.Trade Review"A splendid achievement."--Times Higher Education Supplement "This new edition makes a landmark of scholarship available in a very usable form."--Library Journal "It is hard to picture a more attractive presentation of a philosopher's work for study or reference."--ChristianCenturyTable of ContentsVolume Two ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTE TO THE READER ON PLANTS** ON MARVELLOUS THINGS HEARD** MECHANICS** PROBLEMS* ON INDIVISIBLE LINES** THE SITUATIONS AND NAMES OF WINDS** ON MELISSUS, XENOPHANES, AND GORGIAS** METAPHYSICS NICOMACHEAN ETHICS MAGNA MORALIA* EUDEMIAN ETHICS ON VIRTUES AND VICES** POLITICS ECONOMICS* RHETORIC RHETORIC TO ALEXANDER** POETICS CONSTITUTION OF ATHENS FRAGMENTS INDEX OF NAMES GENERAL INDEX *and **: See the Note to the Reader

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Book SynopsisThe "Nicomachean Ethics" is one of Aristotle's most widely read and influential works. Drawing on their intimate knowledge of Aristotle's thought, the authors have produced an English-language translation of the "Ethics" that is as faithful to the original as it is graceful in its rendering.Trade Review"[This volume] is much more than a translation. The translators, Robert C. Bartlett... and Susan D. Collins... have provided helpful aids.... [They have] supplied an informative introduction, as well as 'A Note on the Translation,' a bibliography and an outline of the work. All this precedes the main text. Afterward comes a brief 'Overview of the Moral Virtues and Vices,' a very extensive and invaluable glossary, a list of 'Key Greek Terms,' an index of proper names and at last a detailed 'general index.' Together these bring the original text within the compass of every intelligent reader.... Brilliant and readable." (New York Times Book Review)"

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Book SynopsisAristotle's Art of Rhetoric is a treatise concerning the theory and practice of the most dynamic form of discourse in Classical Greece. The Rhetoric was a touchstone for all later ancient writers on the subject, from the Stoics to Cicero.Trade ReviewIn short, this translation from Waterfield builds on a series of readable and affordable translations from Oxford World's Classics and will no doubt prove valuable to both students and academics. Waterfield has given Aristotle his own colourful voice, if not an even more doddery one, which will prove both entertaining as well as informative to Oxford World's Classics' intended audience. * Will Coles, University of London, Bryn Mawr Classical Review *

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Book SynopsisOne of the most powerful, perceptive and influential works of criticism in Western literary history In his near-contemporary account of classical Greek tragedy, Aristotle examines the dramatic elements of plot, character, language and spectacle that combine to produce pity and fear in the audience, and asks why we derive pleasure from this apparently painful process. Taking examples from the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides, the Poetics introduced into literary criticism such central concepts as mimesis (''imitation''), hamartia (''error'') and katharsis (''purification''). Aristotle explains how the most effective tragedies rely on complication and resolution, recognition and reversals. The Poetics has informed thinking about drama ever since.Translated with an Introduction and Notes by Malcolm HeathTable of ContentsTranslated with an Introduction and Notes by Malcolm HeathIntroduction1. Human culture, poetry and the Poetics2. Imitation3. Aristotle's history of poetry4. The analysis of tragedy5. Plot: the basics6. Reversal and recognition7. The best kinds of tragic plot8. The pleasures of tragedy9. The other parts of tragedy10. Tragedy: miscellaneous aspects11. Epic12. Comedy13. Further reading14. Reference conventionsNotes to the IntroductionSynopsis of the PoeticsPOETICSNotes to the translation

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Book SynopsisEdited by Richard McKeon, with an introduction by C.D.C. Reeve   Preserved by Arabic mathematicians and canonized by Christian scholars, Aristotle’s works have shaped Western thought, science, and religion for nearly two thousand years. Richard McKeon’s The Basic Works of Aristotle—constituted out of the definitive Oxford translation and in print as a Random House hardcover for sixty years—has long been considered the best available one-volume Aristotle. Appearing in paperback at long last, this edition includes selections from the Organon, On the Heavens, The Short Physical Treatises, Rhetoric, among others, and On the Soul, On Generation and Corruption, Physics, Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, and Poetics in their entirety.

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Book SynopsisWith the emergence of democracy in the city-state of Athens in the years around 460 BC, public speaking became an essential skill for politicians in the Assemblies and Councils - and even for ordinary citizens in the courts of law. In response, the technique of rhetoric rapidly developed, bringing virtuoso performances and a host of practical manuals for the layman. While many of these were little more than collections of debaters'' tricks, the Art of Rhetoric held a far deeper purpose. Here Aristotle (384-322 BC) establishes the methods of informal reasoning, provides the first aesthetic evaluation of prose style and offers detailed observations on character and the emotions. Hugely influential upon later Western culture, the Art of Rhetoric is a fascinating consideration of the force of persuasion and sophistry, and a compelling guide to the principles behind oratorical skill.Table of ContentsThe Art of Rhetoric - Aristotle Translated with an Introduction and Notes by Hugh Lawson-TancredPrefaceIntroduction:1. The Importance of Ancient Rhetoric2. The Historical Background to the Rhetoric3. Rhetoric as Techne4. Psychology in the Rhetoric5. Style and Composition6. The Rhetorical Legacy of Aristotle7. The TranslationTHE ART OF RHETORICSection One: IntroductoryChapter 1.1. The Nature of RhetoricPART ONE: DEMONSTRATIONSection Two: The Genres of OratoryChapter 1.2. The Definition of RhetoricChapter 1.3. The GenresSection Three: DeliberationChapter 1.4. The Province of DeliberationChapter 1.5. HappinessChapter 1.6. The Good and the ExpedientChapter 1.7. Relative ExpediencyChapter 1.8. ConstitutionsSection Four: DisplayChapter 1.9. Display OratorySection Five: LitigationChapter 1.10. InjusticeChapter 1.11. PleasureChapter 1.12. The Criminal MindChapter 1.13. Crime and PunishmentChapter 1.14. Relatively Serious CrimesChapter 1.15. Non-technical ProofsPART TWO: EMOTION AND CHARACTERSection Six: EmotionChapter 2.1. The Role of Emotion and CharacterChapter 2.2. AngerChapter 2.3. CalmChapter 2.4. Friendship and EnmityChapter 2.5. Fear and ConfidenceChapter 2.6. ShameChapter 2.7. FavourChapter 2.8. PityChapter 2.9. IndignationChapter 2.10. EnvyChapter 2.11. JealousySection Seven: CharacterChapter 2.12. YouthChapter 2.13. Old AgeChapter 2.14. PrimeChapter 2.15. BirthChapter 2.16. WealthChapter 2.17. PowerPART THREE: UNIVERSAL ASPECTSSection Eight: Common TopicsChapter 2.18. The Role of Common TopicsChapter 2.19. The Topics of PossibilityChapter 2.20. ExampleChapter 2.21. MaximChapter 2.22. EnthymemeChapter 2.23. Demonstrative Common TopicsChapter 2.24. Illusory TopicsChapter 2.25. RefutationChapter 2.26. AmplificationSection Nine: StyleChapter 3.1. Historical PreliminaryChapter 3.2. ClarityChapter 3.3. FrigidityChapter 3.4. SimileChapter 3.5. PurityChapter 3.6. AmplitudeChapter 3.7. ProprietyChapter 3.8. RhythmChapter 3.9. SyntaxChapter 3.10. Wit and MetaphorChapter 3.11. VividnessChapter 3.12. Suitability to GenreSection Ten: CompositionChapter 3.13. Narration and ProofChapter 3.14. The IntroductionChapter 3.15. PrejudiceChapter 3.16. NarrationChapter 3.17. Proof and RefutationChapter 3.18. AltercationChapter 3.19. The EpilogueNotesBibliography

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Book SynopsisPresents the works of Aristotle accessible to English speaking readers.Trade Review"A splendid achievement."--Times Higher Education Supplement "This new edition makes a landmark of scholarship available in a very usable form."--Library Journal "It is hard to picture a more attractive presentation of a philosopher's work for study or reference."--ChristianCenturyTable of ContentsVolume One PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTE TO THE READER CATEGORIES DE INTERPRETATIONE PRIOR ANALYTICS POSTERIOR ANALYTICS TOPICS SOPHISTICAL REFUTATIONS PHYSICS ON THE HEAVENS ON GENERATION AND CORRUPTION METEOROLOGY ON THE UNIVERSE** ON THE SOUL SENSE AND SENSIBILIA ON MEMORY ON SLEEP ON DREAMS ON DIVINATION IN SLEEP ON LENGTH AND SHORTNESS OF LIFE ON YOUTH, OLD AGE, LIFE AND DEATH, AND RESPIRATION ON BREATH** HISTORY OF ANIMALS PARTS OF ANIMALS MOVEMENT OF ANIMALS PROGRESSION OF ANIMALS GENERATION OF ANIMALS ON COLOURS** ON THINGS HEARD** PHYSIOGNOMONICS**

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Book SynopsisThis is a translation of Aristotle's text, attempting to provide the reader with an understanding of Aristotle's argument. An introductory essay situates "Politics" in Aristotle's thought, and further information provides the historical background and analytical assistance with particular passages.Trade Review. . . this is an accurate translation which is well-presented and written in reasonably natural English. It makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the Politics. . . . of the complete translations I have seen, I would regard this one as first choice for Greekless students at the postgraduate and more advanced undergraduate levels. For these students accuracy is of prime importance, and they should be able to make good use of the introduction and other supporting material that Reeve offers. I would also recommend this version to anyone lacking Greek who wants to do serious scholarly work on the Politics. --R. F. Stalley, in PolisThis is an admirable translation, meticulous in its attention to Aristotle's Greek and judicious in its phrasing and choice of terms. It should prove invaluable to beginning students and scholars alike. --Richard Kraut, Northwestern UniversityThe beautifully crafted English of Reeve's translation is as crisp and lucid as Aristotle's Greek. One is constantly impressed with Reeve's instinct for the right word in rendering the rich vocabulary of Aristotle's thoughts about politics and for his ability to capture the subtleties of Aristotelian syntax. Highly recommended. --David Keyt, University of Washington

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"A lively new translation geared for maximum utility, featuring a short introduction, pithy but invented section titles (“A Brief Note on Bad Plots”) and basic endnotes."---Timothy Farrington, Wall Street Journal"[Freeman’s] smooth translation…[organizes] Aristotle’s arguments with bullet points and section heads. . . . There is pleasure in returning to Aristotle. . . . [his] precepts can fuel your understanding of what writing should be."---Noor Qasim, New York Times Book Review"[The book] presents Aristotle’s brilliant ideas in a more modern guise, and makes them more engaging."---Viktor Zavŕel, Graeco-Latina Bruensia

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewStalley...has...subjected the actual translation to `some fairly drastic revision'...the result is much greater clarity when it comes to both the Greek text and to exegesis of that text. The end-product is a most distinguished contribution to a collection whose prices seem to defy an economic return but I'm not complaining. * Greece and Rome Reviews 42 *Barker's translation has been given new life. * Polis *

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Book SynopsisThe Physics is a foundational work of western philosophy, and the crucial one for understanding Aristotle's views on matter, form, essence, causation, movement, space, and time. This richly annotated, scrupulously accurate, and consistent translation makes it available to a contemporary English reader as no other does—in part because it fits together seamlessly with other closely associated works in the New Hackett Aristotle series, such as the Metaphysics, De Anima, and forthcoming De Caelo and On Coming to Be and Passing Away. Eventually the series will include all of Aristotle's works. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms indicates places where focused discussion of key notions occurs. An illuminating general Introduction describes the book that lies ahead, explaining what sort of work it is and what sorts of evidence it relies on.

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Book SynopsisFor many centuries, Aristotle''s Physics was the essential starting point for anyone who wished to study the natural sciencesThis book begins with an analysis of change, which introduces us to Aristotle''s central concepts of matter and form, before moving on to an account of explanation in the sciences and a defence of teleological explanation. Aristotle then turns to detailed, important, and often ingenious discussions of notions such as infinity, place, void, time, and conintuity. He ends with an argument designed to show that the changes we experience in the world demand as their cause a single unchanging cause of all change, namely God.This is the first complete translation of Physics into English since 1930. It presents Aristotle''s thought accurately, while at the same time simplifying and expanding the often crabbed and elliptical style of the original, so that it is very much easier to read. A lucid introduction and extensive notes explain the general structure of each sectionTrade Reviewthe editions deserve great credit for the enthusiasm of their approach ... The introductions by eminent scholars put the thoughts of the author and the history of the time into clear perspective. Oxford should be given credit for making the classics accessible for all rather than just crib notes for students. * Jonathan Copeland, Lincolnshire Echo *

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Book Synopsis''We are looking for the things that enable us to live a noble and happy life...and what prospects decent people will have of acquiring any of them.''The Eudemian Ethics is a major treatise on moral philosophy whose central concern is what makes life worth living. Aristotle considers the role of happiness, and what happiness consists of, and he analyses various factors that contribute to it: human agency, the relation between action and virtue, and the concept of virtue itself. Moral and intellectual virtues are classified and considered, and finally the roles of friendship and pleasure. It deals with the same issues as the better-known Nicomachean Ethics, with which it holds three books in common, and its special qualities, as well as the similarities and differences between the two works, are of fundamental concern to anyone interested in Aristotle''s philosophy.This is the first time the Eudemian Ethics has been published in its entirety in any modern language. Anthony Kenny''s fine translation is accompanied by a lucid introduction and explanatory notes, which assist the reader in understanding this important work. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World''s Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford''s commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.Table of ContentsTHE EUDEMIAN ETHICS

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"As approachable, humane and personal an Aristotle as one could hope for. . . a triumph."---Peter Jones, Classics For All

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Book SynopsisAristotle's De Anima (On the Soul) is one of the great classics of philosophy. Aristotle examines the nature of the soul-sense-perception, imagination, cognition, emotion, and desire, including, memory, dreams, and processes such as nutrition, growth, and death.Trade ReviewElegant, philosophically sensitive, and informed by some of the best recent scholarly work on Aristotle's psychology and biology [...] I probably cannot overemphasise how good this translation is a whole, and how useful it will be to students and scholars wanting an accessible, up to date translation of all of Aristotle's psychological works together. Miller's work is a great scholarly achievement, and one that is worth far more than its listed price. * Jason W. Carter, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *Table of ContentsIntroduction Note on the Translation On the Soul On Perception, On Memory, and On Sleep On Dreams, On Prophecy, On Length, On Youth, Fragments, Hymn to Hermias Explanatory Notes Index

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Book SynopsisExtraordinarily influential treatise on fine art contains seminal ideas on nature of drama, tragedy, poetry, music and more. Catharsis, tragic flaw, unities of time and place, other concepts.

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Book SynopsisThe Categories is a foundational work in philosophy by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. This collection of stories authored by Aristotle seeks to gather many of his Nonfiction, history, Classics concepts into a single draft and provide them at an inexpensive price so that everyone can read them. Some stories are fascinating and fantastic, while others sneak up on you and draw you in. This 4th century BCE work is a foundational examination of ontologythe study of the nature of being and existence. Aristotle's Categories is a brief treatise divided into short chapters, and categories, each of which addresses a distinct aspect of how language and mind categorize and describe reality. The book opens with a consideration of substance, highlighting the central importance of particular beings or substances in our conceptual framework. Aristotle divides substances into two categories: substances in and of themselves (particulars) and characteristics or qualities (universals). The story has so many twists and turns that can engage a reader. Some stories are gruesome and bizarre, while others softly creep up on you and pull you in. This book additionally dives into other categories, like quantity, relation, place and time, and other one action, to explain how these ideas impact our view of the world. Aristotle also investigates the concepts of potentiality and actuality, which serve as the foundation for his metaphysical theories.

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Book SynopsisThe Poetics of Aristotle by Aristotle, an ancient Greek philosopher, is a seminal work in the realm of literary theory and aesthetics. Written around 335 BCE, this treatise offers profound insights into the nature and principles of poetry and drama. Aristotle explores the concept of mimesis, asserting that art imitates life. He delves into the cathartic effect of tragedy, suggesting that it purges emotions like pity and fear from the audience. He dissects the essential elements of a compelling narrative, emphasizing plot structure with a well-defined beginning, middle, and end. Aristotle's discussion of character is central to The Poetics. He introduces the notion of a tragic flaw, or hamartia, which leads to a character's downfall. His analysis of language, diction, rhythm, and melody underscores their significance in poetic works. The Poetics is particularly renowned for its examination of tragedy. Aristotle outlines key elements, including peripeteia (a reversal of fortune) and anagnorisis (a moment of recognition), which are fundamental to tragic storytelling. This work's enduring impact on literature, theater, and aesthetics is undeniable. It has served as a foundational text for generations of writers, playwrights, and scholars, providing invaluable guidance in the craft of storytelling and dramatic performance.

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Book SynopsisThis new translation of De Caelo (On the Heavens) fits seamlessly with other volumes in the New Hackett Aristotle series, enabling Anglophone readers to study Aristotle’s work in a way previously not possible. The Introduction describes the book that lies ahead, explaining what it is about, what it is trying to do, how it goes about doing it, and what sort of audience it presupposes. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index indicates the places where focused discussion of key notions occurs.Trade Review"The De Caelo can be quite difficult for a first-time reader. C. D. C. Reeve's fluid and accurate translation, along with his superb Introduction and 560 endnotes (in effect functioning as a commentary), are bound to make this work much more accessible, while at the same time being a highly useful tool for seasoned Aristotle scholars." —Robert Mayhew, professor of philosophy at Seton Hall University"Reeve's lucid and accurate translation of this difficult work will be of great value both to historians of philosophy and to philosophers interested in the topics Aristotle addresses for their own sake. The generous Introduction and notes provide the reader without Greek with full access to Aristotle’s thinking." —William Charlton, author of many works on Aristotle's philosophy of nature and contributor of five volumes to the Ancient Commentators on Aristotle series"From among the eight Aristotelian treatises translated by C. D. C. Reeve thus far, De Caelo belongs, together with Generation of Animals (2019), to the less often rendered. This is the first complete English version since Guthrie (1939), and its virtues are the same as those of previous volumes, including the clarity of translation (here based on Paul Moraux’s 1965 Budé edition) and a thorough Introduction. In this case, the introductory study is especially welcome, since explaining the place of De Caelo in the corpus is no easy task. . . . All things considered, De Caelo adds another building block to Reeve's admirable Aristotelian edifice." —Karel Thein, Charles University, Prague, in Bryn Mawr Classical Review

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Book Synopsis"Even those already familiar with Aristotle may be surprised to learn that discussions of theological topics can be found in so many of his works. Reeve's idea of packaging these texts sequentially along with commentary and notes is brilliant. This book will be essential reading for anyone interested in Aristotle's theology."—S. Marc Cohen,Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus, University of WashingtonTrade Review“Based on comprehensive knowledge of the Aristotelian corpus, Reeve’s book is a transformative addition to the literature.”—David Sedley, Emeritus Laurence Professor of Ancient Philosophy, University of Cambridge“Aristotle’s profound but scattered insights into divinity and the gods have never before been so expertly gathered together, nor rendered with more precision and grace into English.”—David K. O’Connor, Professor of Philosophy and Classics, University of Notre Dame

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Book SynopsisPresents an account of the author's life in relation to political events of his time; the character and history of his writings and of the Politics in particular; his overall conception of political science; and his impact on subsequent political thought from antiquity to the present.Trade Review"This revised edition of Aristotle's 'Politics' easily establishes it as the best available in English. By offering a longer introductory essay that grapples with the substance of Aristotle's argument, a new index, revamped notes, and - most important - by revising and correcting the text, Carnes Lord has substantially improved what was already a fine rendering of Aristotle's classic account of political science. A great service to students and scholars alike." (Robert C. Bartlett, cotranslator of Aristotle's "Nicomachean Ethics") "Carnes Lord's translation is clearly the best available." (Claremont Review of Books)"

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Book SynopsisNearly all the works Aristotle (384–322 BC) prepared for publication are lost; the priceless ones extant are lecture-materials, notes, and memoranda (some are spurious). They can be categorized as practical; logical; physical; metaphysical; on art; other; fragments.

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Book SynopsisThis new translation of Aristotle's Politics is a model of accuracy and consistency and fits seamlessly with the translator's Nicomachean Ethics, allowing the two to be read together, as Aristotle intended. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms indicates places where focused discussion of key notions occurs. A general Introduction prepares the reader for the work that lies ahead, explaining what sort of work it is and what sort of evidence it relies on.Trade Review"David Reeve's new translation of the Politics is certain to become the primary and indispensable tool for anyone undertaking a careful study of Aristotle's great work. Newcomers to this treatise as well as advanced scholars will learn enormously from the Introduction, extensive notes, and detailed index." —Richard Kraut, Northwestern University"C. D. C. Reeve's study of Aristotle's Politics (translation with introduction, hundreds of notes, and a detailed index of terms) does justice to Aristotle's practical philosophy as a whole in an exceptional way. . . . [Far] from being a simple revision of his previous work (Hackett, 1998) [it] provides us with a totally fresh English text in harmony with his recent translation of the Nicomachean Ethics (Hackett, 2014). . . . Among the merits of the edition is Reeve's philosophically illuminating Introduction [which] attempts to situate politics within the framework of Aristotelian sciences. . . . It is a great merit of Reeve's Translation and Commentary that his own views are confined to his Introduction. In his sequentially numbered endnotes we most often hear Aristotle's own voice and not a commentary that might have promoted partial interpretations. Apart from the quotation of a wide range of passages from the Aristotelian corpus, the reader will also find clarifications providing her with the assistance necessary to find her own way in the text. . . . In general, comparing the new translation to the Greek text one can hardly fail to recognize that it attains an admirable balance between fidelity and smoothness: though following the syntax of the Greek text, it remains fluent and readable. . . . In a nutshell, Reeve's new translation and commentary is a masterful work. Both students who wish to study the Politics and advanced scholars will greatly profit from it." —Vasia Vergouli, University of Patras, in Bryn Mawr Classical Review

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Book SynopsisThis Norton Critical Edition of the world’s first major work of literary criticism is based on James Hutton’s acclaimed translation. The text and explanatory and glossarial notes represent the work of the accomplished Hellenists James Hutton and Michelle

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Book SynopsisNearly all the works Aristotle (384–322 BC) prepared for publication are lost; the priceless ones extant are lecture-materials, notes, and memoranda (some are spurious). They can be categorized as practical; logical; physical; metaphysical; on art; other; fragments.

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Book SynopsisNearly all the works Aristotle (384–322 BC) prepared for publication are lost; the priceless ones extant are lecture-materials, notes, and memoranda (some are spurious). They can be categorized as practical; logical; physical; metaphysical; on art; other; fragments.

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Book SynopsisThe ancient Greek thinker refutes skepticism, demonstrates God's existence, compares metaphysics to the other sciences, elucidates the nature of the infinite, and explores other major philosophical issues.

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Book SynopsisThis edition includes new translations of Aristotle's Generation of Animals along with History of Animals I and Parts of Animals I. The translations are noteworthy for their consistency and accuracy, and fit seamlessly with the other volumes in the series, enabling Anglophone readers to read Aristotle's works in a way previously not possible. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms guides the reader to places where focused discussion of key notions occurs.Trade Review"C.D.C. Reeve's annotated translation of Aristotle's Generation of Animals provides novices and experts alike a much-needed modern and readable, yet accurate and technically rigorous, entry to this difficult text. By printing it together with translations of the methodologically prior works, History of Animals I and Parts of Animals I, readers now have access to what are arguably Aristotle's philosophically richest biological texts.The Introduction helpfully situates the project of Aristotle's biology into its metaphysical and (natural) scientific context, but it also does much more. It offers a panoramic, illuminating, and characteristically provocative interpretative picture of Aristotle's philosophical endeavors as a whole—one that demands to be assessed in its entirety, and that is supported by a wealth of references to, and quotations from, mostly Aristotle himself. The book provides an invaluable resource for anyone trying to understand Aristotle's fascination with living nature” —Mariska Leunissen, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

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Book SynopsisProbably written by a student of Aristotle, The Athenian Constitution is both a history and an analysis of Athens' political machinery between the seventh and fourth centuries BC, which stands as a model of democracy at a time when city-states lived under differing kinds of government. The writer recounts the major reforms of Solon, the rule of the tyrant Pisistratus and his sons, the emergence of the democracy in which power was shared by all free male citizens, and the leadership of Pericles and the demagogues who followed him. He goes on to examine the city's administration in his own time - the council, the officials and the judicial system. For its information on Athens' development and how the democracy worked, The Athenian Constitution is an invaluable source of knowledge about the Athenian city-state.For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, PenTable of ContentsThe Athenian ConstitutionList of Illustrations and MapsIntroductionTHE ATHENIAN CONSTITUTIONTHE EPITOME OF HERACLIDESNotesChronological TableBibliographyGlossary and Subject IndexIndex of Persons and Places

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Book SynopsisA translation of Aristotle's "Poetics". It features notes of both the "Tractatus Coislinianus", which is argued to be a summary of the lost second book of the "Poetics", and fragments of Aristotle's "Dialogue On Poets", including the texts about catharsis.Trade ReviewOf enormous use to anyone, philosopher or classicist, student or instructor, who wants to know more about Aristotle's work on literature . . . more than I would have believed possible, [Janko makes] the text of the Poetics transparent and accessible to nonclassicists. The translation is based on a meticulous study of the text. Deviations from the standard text by R. Kassell . . . are listed in transliterated Greek; and textual questions are discussed and explained lucidly. The brief introduction is full of useful information, on Aristotle, on the background of the Poetics, on its structure, and on major controversies. In addition to all this, the text is followed by a little treasury of sources that permit a sketchy reconstruction of the lost second book of the Poetics. --Ann N. Michelini, University of CincinnatiThorough, admirable, indispensable to anyone seriously interested in Aristotle’s literary theory, with or without access to the texts in Greek. --Thomas Clayton, University of Minnesota

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Book SynopsisA translation that intends to take account of the epistemically orientated natural-deduction approach, which restores Aristotle's reputation as a consummate logician and reveals Aristotle's method. It contributes not only to Aristotle scholarship and to the history of logic, but also to the history of philosophy itself.Trade Review"The translator has adhered to the recent tendency in Aristotle translations to translate Greek technical terms with one-to-one English equivalents as far as possible. This enables the Greekless reader to independently assess Aristotle's variations in terminology. Debatable points of translation and general interpretation are taken up by the translator in an extensive commentary. Such commentary is essential for any nonspecialist attempting to read the Prior Analytics. . . . A substantial twenty-page Introduction provides an overview of Aristotle's logic from the point of view of the recent literature. It is an excellent starting point for anyone wishing to gain an up-to-date perspective on this scholarship. . . . This is the volume that contemporary logicians should and will reach for when they want to learn about the origin of their field." --Michael Scanlan, Mathematical Reviews

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Book SynopsisThis new translation of Aristotle's Rhetoric, noteworthy for its consistency and accuracy, is the latest addition to the New Hackett Aristotle series. Fitting seamlessly with the others in the series, it enables Anglophone readers to read Aristotle's works in a way previously impossible. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms guides the reader to places where focused discussion of key notions occurs.Trade Review"The Rhetoric is, of course, a landmark in the history of rhetorical theory. It is also a major work of Aristotelian philosophy, which contains Aristotle's fullest discussion of the nature and value of dialectic, a pioneering treatment of non-conclusive but reputable argumentation and a wide-ranging examination of the emotions, among other things. Reeve's clear and accurate translation, with a meaty Introduction and copious notes, does justice to the Rhetoric in all its aspects as no English language translation has done before." —James Allen, University of Toronto

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Book SynopsisThis new translation of Aristotle's Eudemian Ethics, noteworthy for its consistency and accuracy, is the latest addition to the New Hackett Aristotle series. Fitting seamlessly with the others in the series, it enables Anglophone readers to read Aristotle’s works in a way previously impossible. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms guides the reader to places where focused discussion of key notions occurs.Trade Review"David Reeve’s translation of Aristotle’s Eudemian Ethics is certain to become an indispensable tool for anyone who is interested in studying this great text, that paired with the Nicomachean Ethics, exposes Aristotle's ethical theory. The translation is not only faithful to the Greek text but it also reproduces masterfully the rhythm of Aristotle’s prose. Together with its thoughtful iIntroduction, copious notes, and temperance when coping with textual problems, Reeve's edition is a remarkable contribution to Aristotelian studies." —Pavlos Kontos, University of Patras, Greece

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Book SynopsisHere is a new translation, remarkable for its accuracy and refreshing clarity of exposition, of the first major work of literary criticism.

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Book SynopsisTable of ContentsIntroduction Vii Politics 1 Economics 226 Constitution Of Athens 260 Index Of Names 327 Subject Index 331

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Book SynopsisThis new translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics in its entirety is a model of accuracy and consistency, presented with a wealth of annotation and commentary. Sequentially numbered endnotes provide the information most needed at each juncture, while a detailed Index of Terms guides the reader to places where focused discussion of key notions occurs. An illuminating general Introduction describes the book that lies ahead, explaining what it is about, what it is trying to do, how it goes about doing it, and what sort of audience it presupposes.Trade Review"C. D. C. Reeve adds to his already remarkable series of translations of Plato and Aristotle another stellar accomplishment: a full translation of Aristotle's daunting Metaphysics. He has managed to present Aristotle’s often ungainly Greek into perfectly flowing English syntax without sacrificing the core meaning of the text. Any translator of Aristotle will recognize what an impressive achievement this is. All readers will benefit from the over 1,600 explicative notes accompanying the translation: Reeve has a discerning eye for determining what requires amplification for the purposes of understanding and an admirable gift for saying just as much as needs to be said in order to achieve it." —Christopher Shields, George N. Shuster Professor of Philosophy, University of Notre Dame"C. D. C. Reeve's new translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics is a very welcome tool for students, teachers, and scholarly readers. This accurate translation comes with a wealth of notes that explain Aristotle's thought or refer to or quote parallel passages from other parts of the Metaphysics or other Aristotelian works." —Mirjam E. Kotwick, University of Cincinnati, in Ancient Philosophy"Reeve's emendations and translations are philosophically sensitive and he scrupulously offers the alternatives in his notes. I can't fault his translation strategy, which balances literalism and readability without sacrificing accuracy and empowers readers to evaluate his choices. The interpretive notes Reeve offers are useful, but are not intended to serve as a full commentary. They will, however, help students and provide a rich resource of inspiration for researchers. The learning, skill and range exhibited by Reeve are astonishing. In short, if you teach or research Aristotle, Reeve offers a valuable addition to the English-language resources on the Metaphysics." —Matthew Duncombe, University of Nottingham, in Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews

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Book SynopsisNearly all the works that Aristotle (384–322 BC) prepared for publication are lost; the priceless ones extant are lecture-materials, notes, and memoranda (some are spurious). Nicomachean Ethics is antiquity's most influential account of life's Supreme Good.

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