Behaviourism, Behavioural theory Books

Book SynopsisThis volume presents an international group of researchers who model animal and human behavior--both simple and complex. The models presented focus on such subjects as the pattern of eating in meals and bouts, the energizing and shaping impact of reinforcers on behavior, transitive inferential reasoning, responding to a compound stimulus, avoidance and escape learning, recognition memory, category formation, generalization, the timing of adaptive responses, and chromosomes exchanging information. The chapters are united by a common interest in adaptive behavior--whether of human, animal, or artificial system--and clearly demonstrate the rich variety of ways in which this fascinating area of research can be approached. In so doing, the book demonstrates the range of thought that qualifies as theorizing in the contemporary study of the mechanisms of adaptive behavior. It has two purposes: to bring together a very wide range of approaches in one place and to give authors space tTable of ContentsContents: B. Goertzel, Learning the Language of Mind: Symbolic Dynamics for Modeling Adaptive Behavior. S. Grossberg, Neural Substrates of Adaptively Timed Reinforcement, Recognition, and Motor Learning. E.J. Kehoe, Can the Whole Be Something Other Than the Sum of Its Parts? P.R. Killeen, The First Principle of Reinforcement. J.R. Koza, Using Biology to Solve a Problem in Automated Machine Learning. N.A. Schmajuk, D.W. Urry, B.S. Zanutto, The Frightening Complexity of Avoidance: A Neural Network Approach. J.E.R. Staddon, B.S. Zanutto, In Praise of Parsimony. C.D.L. Wynne, A Minimal Model of Transitive Inference.

Read more less

Book SynopsisHow do you get people who work in pig abattoirs to wash their hands? How does painting the walls of a canteen pink make construction workers behave more safely? And how can baby faces spray painted onto shop shutters reduce anti-social behaviour?Ripple is about how small behaviour changes can have wide-reaching effects in the real world. By applying behavioural science in your working life, you can have positive ripple effects on the world around you.While nudging is now commonplace in politics, most of our daily interactions with companies, products, and services have not yet been transformed with behavioural science. Doing so is often a messy process but, armed with this book, you'll have the practical toolkit to get started.Through storytelling and practical tips, Ripple takes you on a journey across the globe which will leave you inspired to start applying behavioural science to improve the world around you.www.ripple-book.com

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhat do evolutionary science and contextual behavioral science have in common? Edited by David Sloan Wilson and Steven C. Hayes, this groundbreaking book offers a glimpse into the histories of these two schools of thought, and provides a sound rationale for their reintegration.Evolutionary science (ES) provides a unifying theoretical framework for the biological sciences, and is increasingly being applied to the human-related sciences. Meanwhile, contextual behavioral science (CBS) seeks to understand the history and function of human behavior in the context of everyday life where behaviors occur, and to influence behavior in a practical sense. This volume seeks to integrate these two bodies of knowledge that have developed largely independently.In Evolution and Contextual Behavioral Science, two renowned experts in their fields argue why ES and CBS are intrinsically linked, as well as why their reintegration-or, reunification-is essential. The main purpose of this book is to continue to move CBS under the umbrella of ES, and to help evolutionary scientists understand how working alongside contextual behavioral scientists can foster both the development of ES principles and their application to practical situations.Rather than the sequential relationship that is typically imagined between these two schools of thought, this volume envisions a parallel relationship between ES and CBS, where science can best influence positive change in the real world.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA comprehensive guide to the work of Jacob Robert Kantor, and a must-have for anyone interested in behaviour analysis or cognitive behavioural science. Often overlooked or misunderstood, the work of American psychologist Jacob Robert Kantor is finally being recognized for its contribution to contextual behaviour sciences. This important volume brings Kantor's prescient work into the twenty-first century, teaching readers the foundations and unique features of interbehaviorism in a straightforward way and exploring the profound effects it has in applied domains like perspective-taking, feelings and emotions, interpersonal relationships, and more. In this volume, you'll find detailed explanations of Kantor's theory, as well as its research assumptions and foundations. Whether you're a behaviour therapist, contextual behaviour scientist, behaviour analyst, student of behaviour analysis, or simply interested in the history of interbehaviorism and its modern applications, this book is an essential addition to your professional library.

Read more less

Book SynopsisBy analyzing the trial of Charles Guiteau, who assassinated US President Garfield in 1881, this text explores insanity and criminal responsibility in the late-19th century. Although the role of genetics in behaviour had been accepted, the trial debated whether heredity influenced Guiteau's actions.Table of Contents1: July the Second 2: September 8, 1841-July 2, 1881 Charles J. Guiteau 3: The Prisoner, Psychiatry, and the Law 4: Before the Trial 5: The Trial Begins 6: Enter Dr. Spitzka 7: Interlude 8: The Trial Ends 9: The Condemned 10: Aftermath A Note on Sources Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisBlending physiology and psychology with historical examples of social change and a model of social systems, this work examines how societies are made possible. The influences of love relationships, attachments, and addictive behaviours in society are also discussed here.

Read more less

Book SynopsisDemolishes the facade of objective research behind which the revolution in psychiatry has hidden. This book finds psychiatry as a profession riddled with backbiting and jockeying, and a profession increasingly beholden to its corporate sponsors.Trade Review"An important new book. . . . The achievement of Shyness is to chart for the first time the events preceding the rise and fall of the SSRIs. Lane has marshalled a cache of unpublished data to explain the academic framework that allowed the rise to happen. [He] tells the complex story with impressive clarity. . . . Lane has done a valuable job in tracing the roots of the current crisis and he certainly isn’t calling for a reinstatement of Freudianism; what is needed now is another map to indicate a way out."—Jerome Burne, Times Literary Supplement"Lane . . . notes that when psychiatrists diagnose the shy as suffering from social phobia, they mistake a variation in human temperament for a mental disorder; if anything, the diagnosis only adds to the sense of unease felt by shy people. He is also right in observing that the psychiatrists’ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), the profession’s standard 900-page reference work, errs by designating other kinds of normal human variation as mental disorders and so exaggerates the incidence of mental illness. . . . [Shyness] provides vivid portraits of how DSM-III was constructed, over the course of six years."—Paul McHugh, Wall Street Journal"A provocative look at an important chapter in the history of modern psychiatry."—Judith Graham, Chicago Tribune"Lane argues in this well-researched . . . controversial book that shyness [has been] pathologized, to the detriment, especially, of children and teenagers."—Elsa Dixler, New York Times Book Review (Paperback Row)"Lane finds a trove of troubling (and previously unpublished) material in the APA archive and in drug company memorandums, laying bare the APA's internal politics and showing the growing influence of drug companies on psychiatry practice. Similarly alarming are Lane's dissections of big pharma's marketing of anti-depressants and description of how information about side-effects and withdrawal symptoms associated with popular prescription drugs such as Prozac and Paxil were withheld from the public. This controversial and well-documented book will spark its share of debates."—Publishers Weekly"Having gained access to archival materials from the APA, Lane provides a behind-the-scenes look at the haphazard, unscientific process used to revise The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. . . . [A] superb, iconoclastic cultural study. . . . Highly recommended for university and large public libraries."—Library Journal"Lane provides a behind-the-scenes look at the haphazard, unscientific process used to revise The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. . . . [A] superb, iconoclastic cultural study."—Library Journal"Having gained access to archival materials from the APA, Lane provides a behind-the-scenes look at the haphazard, unscientific process used to revise The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. . . . [A] superb, iconoclastic cultural study. . . . Highly recommended for university and large public libraries."—Library Journal (starred review)"In his brilliant Shyness: How Normal Behaviour Became a Sickness, Christopher Lane painstakingly shows how the category of 'mental disorder' has been expanded in recent decades, so that what were once considered normal emotions or everyday foibles—shyness, rebelliousness, aloofness, and so on—have been relabelled as phobias, disorders and syndromes."—Brendan O'Neill, New Statesman and Society"Fascinating . . . persuasive . . . [and] painstaking, [Shyness] should be read by anyone interested in stopping the rot in the discussion of human emotion and thought."—Helene Guldberg, Spiked Review of Books "Overall, Lane's scholarly account of this saga ensures that if you're not already concerned about the over-medicalization of our mental lives, you will be."—Christian Jarrett, BBC Focus"Lane’s thorough trawling of the archives of the American Psychiatric Association, his discovery of unpublished internal memos from drug companies, and most especially his accounts of the deliberately obstructive activities of the companies’ marketing teams, make for compelling reading."—Martin Guha, Journal of Mental Health 2007 Top Seller in Psychology as compiled by YBP Library ServicesA 2007 Top Seller in Medicine as compiled by YBP Library ServicesSelected as a 2008 AAUP University Press Book for Public and Secondary School LibrariesHighly commended for the 2008 Medical Book Award in the category of Mental Health, sponsored by the British Medical Association"This is not only an important account of the creation of a modern disease and its treatment, it is an explosive indictment of a system that is too simply materialist in both philosophy and behavior."—Harold J. Cook, Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL"A marvelous book: disturbing and perturbing, a book that will be widely talked about and debated. It is extraordinarily well written, balanced, witty, and engrossing. Bravo!"—Arthur Kleinman, Esther and Sidney Rabb Professor and Chair of Anthropology, Professor of Medical Anthropology, and Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard University"In Shyness, Christopher Lane outlines an apparatus that is one of the most powerful cultural forces in the world today. In pulling back the drapes and revealing the bumbling and hamfistedness of the new engineers of human souls, Chris Lane might help restore sanity to Oz."—David Healy, M.D., author of Let Them Eat Prozac and The Antidepressant Era"Written with Chris Lane's brand of verve and scholarship, Shyness is a riveting book about how certain so-called illnesses are complex cultural artifacts and certain so-called doctors are casting spells called diagnoses. A smart and bracing book about shyness—not to mention a shrewd and subtle book about psychiatric classification—is long overdue; after reading Shyness it is clear that only Lane could have written it."—Adam Phillips, psychoanalyst, author of Side-Effects

Read more less

Book SynopsisAn intimate, surprising look at man’s best friend and what the leading philosophies of dog training teach us about ourselves.Trade Review"This book reads like a novel, but it is deep science, too. A gifted and witty writer, Pierson uses a reporter’s eye to inform us of a quiet, ever-spreading transformation in society, away from force to kindness. Among the characters in this adventure are her two dogs; a founding scientist named Fred Skinner; a Navy dolphin trainer, Bob Bailey; a distinguished behavior analyst, Murray Sidman—and me. I’m honored to be in her book and very grateful for her explanation of how this works. Click, Melissa!" -- Karen Pryor, author of Reaching the Animal Mind"Scientifically, artfully, and with the bold premise that gently training a dog can set the animal’s ‘master’ on the path to enlightenment in all areas of life, Melissa Holbrook Pierson’s new book proves how ‘intelligent’ humans have more in common with the bestiary’s ‘dumb’ creatures than some of us will care to admit. Are you man enough to follow a canine master? More to the point, are you beast enough? Reading The Secret History of Kindness is one sure way to find out." -- Julia Szabo, nationally recognized pet reporter, animal advocate, and author of Medicine Dog"Explores the philosophical intricacies of animal behavior, training, and human perceptions of control and empathy, leading the reader to think carefully about what truly motivates companion animals to obey human commands." -- Publishers Weekly"The best dog books enlighten us not just about animals, but also about ourselves and the world around us. Melissa Holbrook-Pierson's The Secret History of Kindness is that kind of book; it's among the best of the best." -- Ken Foster, New York Times bestselling author of The Dogs Who Found Me and I'm a Good Dog: Pit Bulls, America's Most Beautiful and Misunderstood Pet

Read more less

Book SynopsisObsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) can be crippling.

Read more less

Book SynopsisNow in its Fifth Edition, Psychology of Learning and Behavior is one of the most highly regarded texts in its field.

Read more less

Book SynopsisFinancial Risk Taking offers readers a context within which to assess their own strengths and weaknesses as investors. * Explains an apposite and uncomplicated system of skills development in the form of competences and competencies that can be applied anywhere along the continuum from casual investor to full--time day trader.Table of ContentsList of Figures. Foreword. Contrarian Investment Strategies. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction: Between Scylla and Charybdis. 2. Understanding Trading Competence. 3. A Comprehensive Model of Trading Competence. Part A: The Tactical Model of Trading Competence. Part B: The Strategic Model of Trading Competence. 4. Taming Stress to Become a Better Trader. 5. The Psychology of Perceptual Bias. 6. Emotions, Emotional Intelligence, and the Trader. 7. Martial Arts and Budo Zen – Controlling Fear and Self-Sabotage. 8. Standards and Criteria for Trading Competence. Appendix 1: Reading List. Appendix 2: Websites of Interest. Appendix 3: Courses and Seminars. Bibliography. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book explains the principles of effective communication and demonstrates how techniques adopted from theoretical models like operant learning, classical learning, social learning, and cognitive therapy can be used to enhance the interactive and problem-solving skills of patients. These skills can help patients develop better coping mechanisms and form healthier relationships.Table of ContentsKey Concepts of Communication and Problem-Solving SkillsTraining. Self-Awareness: A Foundation for Communication andProblem-Solving. Awareness of Others: A Fundamental Communication andProblem-Solving Skill. Communicating Requests. Responding to a Request from Another Person. Introduction to Assertive, Aggressive, and Passive Behaviors. Problem-Solving: Basic Principles and Cognitive-BehavioralStrategies. Coping with Factors that Interfere with Learning and Using NewSkills. Applications of Communication and Problem-Solving SkillsTraining. References. Indexes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book uses evolution as the unifying theme to trace the connections between levels of biological complexity from genes through nervous systems, animal societies, and human cultures.Trade Review"This is a well written and illustrated introduction to modern biology, notably thorough and useful in the way it builds upon evolutionary explanation." --Edward O. Wilson, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University "An excellent introduction to a body of knowledge and concepts that should be mastered by every educated person." --Steven Pinker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology "The explanations of many difficult concepts are the best I've seen." --Donald Kennedy, Standford University "Truly a pleasure to read...The authors have a real knack for style and ease of expression.... The concepts and ideas are clearly stated, well developed, and easily understood." --Charles Mallery, University of Miami "This is a remarkable book." --Martin Daley, McMaster University "This is a superb book ? highly engaging, extremely well written, and well stocked with fascinating information." --David M. Buss, University of Texas - AustinTable of ContentsFOUNDATIONS. Why Study Biology? Charles Darwin and the Origins of Evolutionary Theory. Cells and the Molecules of Life. Genetic Continuity and Change: Organisms, Environments, and Microevolution. After Darwin: Molecular Evolution, Selection, and Adaptation. Evolutionary Social Theory. EVOLUTION IN ACTION. The Success of Social Insects. Parasites, Hosts, and the Evolutionary Warfare of Infectious Disease. THE BIOLOGY OF BEHAVIOR. Nervous Systems Generate Behavior. Individual Organisms are the Product of Development. Behavior as Phenotype. OUR PLACE IN NATURE. The Physical Record of Human Origins. Exploring Our Behavioral Heritage. Viewing Human Cultures in an Evolutionary Context. Bibliography. Credits. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis text presents and critically evaluates the scientific and empirical status of Beck's revised cognitive theory and therapy of depression, and discusses future directions for it. This work documents the past, present, and future of this treatment strategy.Trade Review"impressive volume ..will be invaluable to researchers indepression" (Behaviour Research & Therapy, No.39, 2001)Table of ContentsDepressive Symptoms and Disorders: Diagnostic and ConceptualConsiderations. The Origins of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression: AHistorical Overview. The Philosophical and Theoretical Basis of Cognitive Theory. The Cognitive Theory of Depression. Descriptive Hypotheses: Negative Cognition in Depression. Descriptive Hypotheses: The Role of Negative Cognition inDepression. Descriptive Hypotheses: Selective Information Processing inDepression. Cognitive Vulnerability: Empirical Status of the StabilityHypothesis. Cognitive Vulnerability: Empirical Status of the Diathesis-StressHypotheses. Cognitive Vulnerability: Empirical Status of the SecondaryHypotheses. Cognitive Theory of Depression: Overview and FutureDirections. References. Indexes.

Read more less

Book SynopsisProvides information on traditional and other issues in behavior therapy, which is the most widely used treatment approach for children and adults.Trade Review"Overall, the book represents a strong choice as a text for use inthe clinical training of mental health professionals."(Contemporary Psychology, April 2004; Vol.49, No.2) "Overall, this casebook has achieved status as a new benchmarkof excellence in the field of psychology." (PsychiatricServices, Vol. 54 No.9, September 2003)Table of ContentsPreface. PART I: ADULTS. Behavioral Case Conceptualization for Adults (P. Truax). Major Depressive Disorder (K. Dobson & N. Khatri. Panic and Agoraphobia (J. DeCola & M. Craske). Specific Phobia (J. Kamphuis, et al.). Social Phobia (D. McNeil, et al.). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (M. Gray & R. Acierno). Generalized Anxiety Disorder (M. Dugas). Bulimia Nervosa (J. Mizes & D. Zotter-Bonifazi). Borderline Personality Disorder (S. Kim, et al.). Alcohol Abuse (P. Stasiewicz & C. Bradizza). Sexual Dysfunction (B. McCarthy). Marital Dysfunction (G. Birchler & W. Fals-Stewart). PART II: CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. Behavioral Case Conceptualization for Children and Adolescents (K.Freeman & C. Miller). Childhood Depression (W. Reynolds). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (M. Franklin, et al.). School Refusal and Separation Anxiety (S. Mattis & T.Ollendick). Social Phobia (C. Kearney & K. Drake). Anorexia Nervosa (D. Garner & C. Magana). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (J. Scotti, et al.). Conduct Disorder (C. Roach & A. Gross). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (D. Reitman & S.Hupp). Mental Retardation (C. Johnson). Elimination Disorder (C. Holland-Johnson, et al.). Child Sexual Abuse (E. Hsu, et al.). Alcohol and Drug Abuse (H. Waldron, et al.). Author Index. Subject Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisObsessive Compulsive Disorders (OCDs) involve habitual, repetitivebehaviours that can be bizarre, disruptive and eventuallydisabling. They can destroy lives and relationships and are one ofthe most common of the emotional disorders. The last five years have seen substantive advances in the state ofknowledge of all aspects of OCD and this volume brings togethermany of the recognised leaders in the field to provide astate-of-the-art account of theory, assessment and practice intreatment. A comprehensive text for trainees and practitioners. ? Presents current theories as well as treatment, focusing mainlyon Cognitive Therapy methods of treatment ? Covers the assessment, nature and treatment of a wide range ofsub-types of OCD ? Written by an international team of experts Part of the renowned Wiley Series in Clinical PsychologyTrade Review"...a succinct yet broad view of OCD...the scope ofthe book is wide..." (British Journal of Psychiatry, Dec2003) "...differences and similarities of everymanifestation of the disorder are carefullyexplained...information is presented unsensationally andrespectfully..." (Mental Health Today, Feb 2004)Table of ContentsAbout the Editors. List of Contributors. Preface. Acknowledgements. Section I - The Nature of OCD. Chapter 1 - The Classification and Diagnosis of OCD (A.Krochmalik and R. Menzies). Chapter 2 - The Phenomenology of OCD (P. de Silva). Section II - Theoretical Accounts of OCD. Chapter 3 - Neuropsychological Models of OCD (I. Frampton). Chapter 4 - Cognitive-behavioural Theory of OCD (P. Salkovskisand J. McGuire). Chapter 5 - Repetitive and Iterative Thinking inPsychopathology: Anxiety-inducing Consequences and a Mood-As-InputMechanism (G. Davey, et al.). Chapter 6 - Personality and Individual Differences in OCD (A.Macdonald). Section III - Clinical Presentations and Subtypes of OCD. Chapter 7 - Obsessive-compulsive Washing (M. Jones and A.Krochmalik). Chapter 8 - Compulsive Checking (S. Rachman). Chapter 9 - Compulsive Hoarding (R. Frost and T. Hartl). Chapter 10 - Primary Obsessional Slowness (S. Rachman). Chapter 11 - Obsessions, Ruminations and Covert Compulsions (P.de Silva). Ch apter 12 - Atypical Presentations (D. Einstein and R.Menzies). Chapter 13 - The Obsessive-compulsive Spectrum and BodyDysmophic Disorder (D. Veale). Section IV - Approaches to Assessment and Treatment in OCD. Chapter 14 - Assessment Procedures (T. St. Clare). Chapter 15 - Exposure and Response Prevention for OCD (M.Kyrios). Chapter 16 - Cognitive Therapy for OCD (M. Marks). Chapter 17 - Pharmacological and Neurosurgical Treatment of OCD(M. McDonough). OCD in Children and Adolescents (R. Shafran). Chapter 19 - The Management of Treatment-resistant Cases andother Difficult Clients (M. Bruch and A. Prioglio). Section V - Professional Issues. Chapter 20 - Training, Resources and Service Provision (L.Harris and R. Menzies). References. Author Index. Subject Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis title offers a unique general introduction to methods andclinical experience of CBT for a wide range of medical conditions,specifically focusing on chronic illness. A concise, accessibleclinical text which assumes basic knowledge of CBT using clinicalexamples and vignettes to illustrate assessment and therapy. ? Includes a range of typical and important medical conditions thatrequire long-term management ? Fills a gap in this growing area of professional work andtrainingTrade Review"…absolutely required reading…I highly recommend this timely book, without reservation…" (Jnl of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Winter 2002)Table of ContentsList of Figures. List of Tables. About the Author. Preface. Acknowledgements. PART I: GENERAL COMPONENTS OF CBT FOR CHRONIC MEDICALPROBLEMS. Introduction. Assessment. Formulation. Treatment Strategies. PART II: THE APPLICATION OF CBT TO SPECIFIC CHRONIC MEDICALPROBLEMS. Cancer. Chronic Pain. Diabetes. Dermatology. Surgical Problems. Cardiac Problems. PART III: PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND SERVICE DELIVERY. Professional Issues. Service Provision. PART IV: APPENDICES. Appendix 1: Illness Perception Questionnaire. Appendix 2: Cancer Behavior Inventory (Version 2.0). Appendix 3: Pain Stages of Change Questionnaire. References. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisAlthough most families do not repeat the patterns of abuse of their childhood, there is evidence that, for whatever reason, substantial numbers do.Table of ContentsBACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE. Cycles of Child Maltreatment: Facts and Fallacies. THE FOUR CYCLES. Socio-Political Factors in Intergenarational ChildMaltreatment. Cultural Factors in Intergenerational Child Maltreatment. Psychological Mechanisms in the Cycle of Abuse. Biological Factors in Intergenerational Child Maltreatment. APPROACHES TO INTERVENTION. Principles in Intervention. Breaking Socio-Political Cycles of Maltreatment: Highlights forIntervention. Interventions in the Cultural Cycle. Interventions in the Intrafamilial Cycles: Psychological andBiological. SOME ACHIEVEMENTS. Achievements in Practice. Conclusion. References. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is about the management of pupils behaviour in the classroom. The author provides a short, readable set of ideas and guidelines that a busy student or teacher can relate to her or his own experience, and put into practice.Table of ContentsFour Fallacies. Personal Qualities. Organisational and Interpersonal Strategies. A Behavioural, Reflective, Relationship (BRR) Approach. Putting the BRR Approach into Practice. The BRR Approach in Action. Perennial Problems. A Last Word. Some Suggested Further Reading. Index.

Read more less

Book SynopsisProvides a sophisticated yet accessible account of complexity science or complex systems research. The authors range from the implications for artificial intelligence and computing to questions about how to model complex systems through agent-based modelling, to complex phenomena exhibited in international relations and organisational behaviour.

Read more less