Astrophysics Books
American Institute of Physics Explorer of the Universe: A Biography of George
Book SynopsisA reprint edition of a 1966 biography of foremost astronomer George Ellery Hale, who laid much of the foundation of modern astrophysics and observational cosmology. He's best known for the planning and building of the 200-inch Hale Telescope of the Palomar Mountain Observatory. This book features a new introduction by Allan Sandage and an index not included in the original work. Since the history of astrophysics is mostly undocumented, this work provides a rare look at Hale's scientific achievements: his invention of the spectroheliograph, his discovery of the magnetic nature of sunspots, and his legendary leadership in founding the Yerkes, Mount Wilson, and Palomar Mountain Observatories.Table of ContentsA reprint edition of a 1966 biography of foremost astronomer George Ellery Hale, who laid much of the foundation of modern astrophysics and observational cosmology. He's best known for the planning and building of the 200-inch Hale Telescope of the Palomar Mountain Observatory.
£54.99
Prometheus Books Rocket Age: The Race to the Moon and What It Took
Book SynopsisRocket Age traces the history of spaceflight innovation from Robert Goddard’s early experiments with liquid fuel rockets, through World War II and the work of Wernher von Braun and his German engineers, on to the postwar improvements made by Sergei Korolev and his team in the Soviet Union, and culminating with the historic Moon walk made by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on July 20, 1969. From designers to engineers, and even communication specialists and the builders who assembled these towering rockets, hundreds of thousands of people worked on getting humans to the Moon, yet only a few have been recognized for their contributions. George D. Morgan sets the record straight by giving these forgotten figures of space travel their due. The son of rocket scientists who worked directly on NASA projects Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo, Morgan gives behind-the-scenes details on the famous missions, including a rare interview with Dieter Huzel –Wernher von Braun’s right-hand man and a chief engineer on every major manned space program. Even the most voracious readers of US space flight history will discover things in this book that they have never read before. Rocket Age shines a light on those that have for too long been left out of the picture of the race to land on the Moon.
£15.19
Micah Publications Cosmology and Buddhist Thought: A Conversation
Book Synopsis
£7.57
Mooncorp R&d Time Before God: how the universe was created
Book Synopsis
£17.24
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Applied General Relativity: Theory and
Book SynopsisIn the late 20th and beginning 21st century high-precision astronomy, positioning and metrology strongly rely on general relativity. Supported by exercises and solutions this book offers graduate students and researchers entering those fields a self-contained and exhaustive but accessible treatment of applied general relativity. The book is written in a homogenous (graduate level textbook) style allowing the reader to understand the arguments step by step. It first introduces the mathematical and theoretical foundations of gravity theory and then concentrates on its general relativistic applications: clock rates, clock sychronization, establishment of time scales, astronomical references frames, relativistic astrometry, celestial mechanics and metrology. The authors present up-to-date relativistic models for applied techniques such as Satellite LASER Ranging (SLR), Lunar LASER Ranging (LLR), Globale Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), radar measurements, gyroscopes and pulsar timing. A list of acronyms helps the reader keep an overview and a mathematical appendix provides required functions and terms.Table of Contents
£999.99
Springer Nature Switzerland AG Particle and Astroparticle Physics: Problems and
Book SynopsisThis book presents more than 200 problems, with detailed guided solutions, spanning key areas of particle physics and astrophysics. The selected examples enable students to gain a deeper understanding of these fields and also offer valuable support in the preparation for written examinations. The book is an ideal companion to Introduction to Particle and Astroparticle Physics: Multimessenger Astronomy and its Particle Physics Foundations, written by Alessandro De Angelis and Mário Pimenta and published in its second edition in Springer’s Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics series in 2018. It can, however, also be used independently. The present book is organized into 11 chapters that match exactly those in the companion textbook, and each of the exercises is given a title to facilitate identification of the subject within that book. Some new exercises have been added because they are considered helpful on the basis of the experience gained by teachers while using the textbook. Beyond students on relevant courses, exercises and solutions in particle and astroparticle physics are of value for physics teachers and to all who seek aid to self-training.Table of Contents
£42.74
Springer International Publishing AG Astrophysics Is Easy!: An Introduction for the
Book SynopsisAstrophysics is often –with some justification – regarded as incomprehensible without the use of higher mathematics. Consequently, many amateur astronomers miss out on some of the most fascinating aspects of the subject. Astrophysics Is Easy! cuts through the difficult mathematics and explains the basics of astrophysics in accessible terms. Using nothing more than plain arithmetic and simple examples, the workings of the universe are outlined in a straightforward yet detailed and easy-to-grasp manner. Following on the success of the first and second editions, this fully updated third edition covers the significant changes in astrophysics theories and research that have occurred in the last five years, including new material on: exomoons, exocomets and exoasteroids; Special and General Relativity; gravitational waves, their origins and detection; telescope optics; black hole astrophysics; and more. For each topic under discussion, an observing list is included so that observers can actually see for themselves the concepts presented – stars of the spectral sequence, nebulae, galaxies, even black holes. The book also features in-text, nonmathematical questions and end-of-chapter problems – all with their accompanying solutions – to help readers discuss and digest the material.Table of ContentsCh 1. Tools of the trade1. New Section - Telescope Basics a. Basic formulae to explain magnification, resolution, field-of-view, light-grasp, etc.. b. Use of internet for star-maps, planetariums, etc.. 2. Distancesa. The Nearest Stars To Us3. Brightness and Luminosity4. Magnitudesa. The Brightest Stars5. Coloura. Coloured Stars6. Size and Massa. The Biggest Stars7. Star Constituents8. Spectra and Spectroscopy9. Stellar Classificationa. The Spectral Sequence10. The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram11. The H-R diagram and Stellar Radius12. The H-R diagram and Stellar Luminosity13. The H-R diagram and Stellar MassCh 2. The Solar System 1 The Scientific Method 2 Early Historyi. The Ancient Greeksii. Copernicusiii. Tychoiv. Keplerv. Galileovi. Newton3 The Motions of the Planetsb. Kepler’s Three Lawsc. Newton & Gravityd. Newton’s Laws of Motione. Newton’s Law Of Gravitational Attractionf. The Tides2. New Section - The Greenhouse Effect3. Observing the PlanetsCh 3. The Interstellar Medium1. Introduction2. Nebulæ3. Emission Nebulæa. Brightest Emission Nebulæ4. Dark Nebulæa. Famous Dark Nebulæ5. Reflection Nebulæa. Brightest Reflection Nebulae6. Molecular Clouds7. Protostars8. The Jeans CriterionCh 4. Star Birth1. The Birth of a Star2. Pre-Main Sequence Evolution and the Effect of Mass3. Mass Loss and Mass Gain a. T Tauri Starsb. Discs and Winds4. Clusters and Groups of Starsa. Galactic Star Clustersi. Bright Star Clusters5. Stellar Associations and Streamsa. Bright Stellar Associations and Streams6. Star Formation TriggersCh 5. The Sun and Stars1. The Sun – The Nearest Stara. From the Core to the Surfaceb. The Proton-Proton Chainc. Energy Transport from the Core to the Surfaced. New Section – Sunspotse. New Section – The Solar Cycle2. Binary Stars and Stellar Mass3. Binary Starsa. Visual Binary Stars4. The Masses of Orbiting Stars5. Lifetimes of Main-Sequence Stars6. Red Giant Starsa. Bright Red Giant Stars7. Helium Burning and the Helium Flasha. Helium Burningb. The Helium Flash8. Star Clusters, Red Giants and the H-R Diagram9. Post Main-Sequence Star clusters: The Globular Clusters.a. Bright Globular Clustersb. New Section – Are Globulars galaxy corpses?10. Pulsating Starsa. Why do Stars Pulsate?b. Cepheid Variables and the Period-Luminosity Relationc. Cepheid’s: Temperature and Massd. RR Lyrae and Long-Period Variable Starse. Bright Cepheid Variablesf. Bright RR Lyrae VariablesCh 6. The Death of Stars1. The Asymptotic Giant Branch2. Dredge-Ups3. Mass Loss and Stellar Winds4. Infrared Stars5. The End Of An AGB Star’s Lifea. Bright Carbon Stars6. Planetary Nebulaea. Bright Planetary Nebulae7. White Dwarf Starsa. Electron Degeneracyb. The Chandrasekhar Limitc. New Section – Is the Chandrasekhar Limit correct?d. White Dwarf Evolutione. White Dwarf Originsf. Bright White Dwarfs8. High Mass Stars and Nuclear Burninga. Bright Supergiant Stars9. Iron, Supernovæ and the Formation of the Elementsa. Supernovæ Remnantsb. Supernovæ Typesc. New Section - Hypernovae10. The End Result of High Mass Star Evolution: Neutron Stars, Pulsars, and Black Holesa. Neutron Starsb. PulsarsNEW Chapter - Special Relativity a. The Speed of Lightb. The Lorentz Equations.c. Paradox’s. NEW Chapter - General Relativitya. Warped Space and Timeb. Why is Gravity so weak?c. General relativity in the solar system.d. Gravitational Wavese. 2018 – First contactNEW Chapter – Black Holes a. The Singularityb. Time Travelc. Kerr Black Holesd. Rotating and non-symmetrical Black Holese. Imaging the Event HorizonCh 7. Exoplanets 2. A new sciencea. Methods of Detectionb. Bright Exoplanetsc. New Section – Exo-moons, exo-comets, exo-asteroidsCh 8. Galaxies1. Introduction2. Galaxy Types3. Galaxy Structure4. Stellar Populations5. Hubble Classification of Galaxies6. New section - Other types of galaxy classification7. Observing Galaxiesa. Spiral Galaxiesb. Barred Spiral Galaxiesc. Elliptical Galaxiesd. Lenticular Galaxiese. Irregular GalaxiesCh 9. Active Galaxies1. The Active Galactic Zoo2. The structure and evolution of AGN’sa. Brightest Active GalaxiesCh 10. Cosmology 1 Gravitational Lensing2 Redshift, Distance and the Hubble Law3 Quasar Redshift Problem4 Clusters of Galaxiesa. Groups and Clusters of Galaxies5 The Beginning of the Universe6 The End of the Universe7 Other Cosmologies8 Amateur Observational Cosmology?New Chapter – the Speculative Universea. Beyond the Multiverseb. Infinite Universec. Inflation, then the Big Bang.d. Filamentary nature of Dark Matter.e. MOND – The elephant in the roomf. Endnote
£25.38
Springer International Publishing AG Characterizing Space Plasmas: A Data Driven
Book SynopsisThis didactic book uses a data-driven approach to connect measurements made by plasma instruments to the real world. This approach makes full use of the instruments’ capability and examines the data at the most detailed level an experiment can provide. Students using this approach will learn what instruments can measure, and working with real-world data will pave their way to models consistent with these observations. While conceived as a teaching tool, the book contains a considerable amount of new information. It emphasizes recent results, such as particle measurements made from the Cluster ion experiment, explores the consequences of new discoveries, and evaluates new trends or techniques in the field. At the same time, the author ensures that the physical concepts used to interpret the data are general and widely applicable. The topics included help readers understand basic problems fundamental to space plasma physics. Some are appearing for the first time in a space physics textbook. Others present different perspectives and interpretations of old problems and models that were previously considered incontestable. This book is essential reading for graduate students in space plasma physics, and a useful reference for the broader astrophysics community. Table of Contents1 Basic Equations and Concepts 11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Fundamental Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 Statistical Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.4 Electric and Magnetic Field in Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 Transformation of E and B Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.6 Macroscopic Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.7 Plasma Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.8 Examples of Plasma Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.9 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 Charged Particle Acceleration 392.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.2 Motion in Uniform E and B Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.3 E ⇥ B Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452.4 Motion in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572.5 Other Particle Acceleration Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632.6 Waves and Wave-Particle Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682.7 Cyclotron Resonance Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783 Escaping Solar Particles 813.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813.2 Observations of Solar Wind Ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.3 Observations of Solar Wind Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913.4 Solar Wind Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 963.5 Kinetic Models of the SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993.6 Heuristic Interpretation of the Solar Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1043.7 Electrostatic Solitary Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104 Collisionless Shocks 1174.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1174.2 Observations of Earth’s Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1194.3 Entropy Across Earth’s Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254.4 ICME Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334.5 Nonlinear Structures Upstream of Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . 1404.6 Growth of Nonlinear Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1584.7 Acceleration of Particles at the Bow Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . 1614.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1655 Current Sheets and Boundaries 1835.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1835.2 Magnetic Reconnection on Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1845.3 SW Entry into Magnetosphere through Cusps . . . . . . . . . . . 1915.4 Particle Motions in Magnetic Neutral Regions . . . . . . . . . . . 1985.5 Kinetic Models of Current Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2045.6 Kinetic Equations for Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2085.7 Tearing Mode Instability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2145.8 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2186 Current and Electric Field 2256.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2256.2 Observations of Electron and Ion Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2266.3 Motion Parallel to E and B Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2316.4 Electric Potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2366.5 A Model of Double Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2466.6 Currents in the Magnetosphere and Ionosphere . . . . . . . . . . 2516.7 Ring Current in Magnetospheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2566.8 Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2646.9 Auroral Kilometric Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2726.10 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2757 Topics for Further Studies 2817.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2817.2 Large-scale Current Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2817.3 Heating Space Plasmas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2847.4 Boltzmann Collisional Term (@f/@t)c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2867.5 Runaway Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2927.6 Collective Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
£67.49
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Nuclear Physics of Stars
Book SynopsisMost elements are synthesized, or "cooked", by thermonuclear reactions in stars. The newly formed elements are released into the interstellar medium during a star's lifetime, and are subsequently incorporated into a new generation of stars, into the planets that form around the stars, and into the life forms that originate on the planets. Moreover, the energy we depend on for life originates from nuclear reactions that occur at the center of the Sun. Synthesis of the elements and nuclear energy production in stars are the topics of nuclear astrophysics, which is the subject of this book. It presents nuclear structure and reactions, thermonuclear reaction rates, experimental nuclear methods, and nucleosynthesis in detail. These topics are discussed in a coherent way, enabling the reader to grasp their interconnections intuitively. The book serves both as a textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, with worked examples and end-of-chapter excercises, but also as a reference book for use by researchers working in the field of nuclear astrophysics.Table of ContentsPreface to the Second Edition xii Preface to the First Edition xiii 1 Aspects of Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics 1 1.1 History 1 1.2 Nomenclature 2 1.3 Solar System Abundances 4 1.4 Astrophysical Aspects 7 1.4.1 General Considerations 7 1.4.2 Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram 9 1.4.3 Stellar Evolution of Single Stars 11 1.4.4 Binary Stars 26 1.5 Masses, Binding Energies, Nuclear Reactions, and Related Topics 33 1.5.1 Nuclear Mass and Binding Energy 33 1.5.2 Energetics of Nuclear Reactions 35 1.5.3 Atomic Mass and Mass Excess 37 1.5.4 Number Abundance, Mass Fraction, and Mole Fraction 40 1.5.5 Decay Constant, Mean Lifetime, and Half-Life 41 1.6 Nuclear Shell Model 42 1.6.1 Closed Shells and Magic Numbers 43 1.6.2 Nuclear Structure and Nucleon Configuration 46 1.7 Nuclear Excited States and Electromagnetic Transitions 48 1.7.1 Energy, Angular Momentum, and Parity 48 1.7.2 Transition Probabilities 49 1.7.3 Branching Ratio and Mixing Ratio 52 1.7.4 γ-Ray Transitions in a Stellar Plasma 53 1.7.5 Isomeric States and the Case of 26 Al 54 1.8 Weak Interaction 57 1.8.1 Weak Interaction Processes 58 1.8.2 Energetics 59 1.8.3 β-Decay Probabilities 61 1.8.4 β-Decays in a Stellar Plasma 66 Problems 71 2 Nuclear Reactions 73 2.1 Cross Sections 73 2.2 Reciprocity Theorem 75 2.3 Elastic Scattering and Method of Partial Waves 77 2.3.1 General Aspects 77 2.3.2 Relationship Between Differential Cross Section and Scattering Amplitude 79 2.3.3 The Free Particle 79 2.3.4 Turning the Potential On 81 2.3.5 Scattering Amplitude and Elastic Scattering Cross Section 82 2.3.6 Reaction Cross Section 83 2.4 Scattering by Simple Potentials 86 2.4.1 Square-Well Potential 86 2.4.2 Square-Barrier Potential 93 2.4.3 Transmission Through the Coulomb Barrier 100 2.5 Theory of Resonances 103 2.5.1 General Aspects 103 2.5.2 Logarithmic Derivative, Phase Shift, and Cross Section 105 2.5.3 Breit–Wigner Formulas 108 2.5.4 Extension to Charged Particles and Arbitrary Values of Orbital Angular Momentum 112 2.5.5 R-Matrix Theory 117 2.5.6 Experimental Tests of the One-Level Breit–Wigner Formula 120 2.5.7 Partial and Reduced Widths 124 2.6 Continuum Theory 131 2.7 Hauser–Feshbach Theory 133 Problems 137 3 Thermonuclear Reactions 139 3.1 Cross Sections and Reaction Rates 139 3.1.1 Particle-Induced Reactions 139 3.1.2 Photon-Induced Reactions 142 3.1.3 Abundance Evolution 144 3.1.4 Forward and Reverse Reactions 147 3.1.5 Reaction Rates at Elevated Temperatures 150 3.1.6 Reaction Rate Equilibria 156 3.1.7 Nuclear Energy Generation 161 3.2 Nonresonant and Resonant Thermonuclear Reaction Rates 162 3.2.1 Nonresonant Reaction Rates for Charged-Particle-Induced Reactions 163 3.2.2 Nonresonant Reaction Rates for Neutron-Induced Reactions 177 3.2.3 Nonresonant Reaction Rates for Photon-Induced Reactions 180 3.2.4 Narrow-Resonance Reaction Rates 181 3.2.5 Broad-Resonance Reaction Rates 192 3.2.6 Electron Screening 197 3.2.7 Total Reaction Rates 201 Problems 205 4 Nuclear Physics Experiments 207 4.1 General Aspects 207 4.1.1 Charged-Particle Beams 208 4.1.2 Neutron Beams 210 4.2 Interaction of Radiation with Matter 212 4.2.1 Interactions of Heavy Charged Particles 213 4.2.1.1 Stopping Power 214 4.2.1.2 Compounds 220 4.2.1.3 Energy Straggling 221 4.2.2 Interactions of Photons 223 4.2.2.1 Photoelectric Effect 223 4.2.2.2 Compton Effect 225 4.2.2.3 Pair Production 227 4.2.2.4 Photon Attenuation 227 4.2.3 Interactions of Neutrons 230 4.3 Targets and Related Equipment 234 4.3.1 Backings 234 4.3.2 Target Preparation 235 4.3.2.1 Evaporated and Sputtered Targets 235 4.3.2.2 Implanted Targets 236 4.3.2.3 Gas Targets 237 4.3.2.4 Target Thickness and Stability 239 4.3.3 Contaminants 240 4.3.4 Target Chamber and Holder 241 4.4 Radiation Detectors 243 4.4.1 General Aspects 243 4.4.2 Semiconductor Detectors 246 4.4.2.1 Silicon Charged-Particle Detectors 248 4.4.2.2 Germanium Photon Detectors 249 4.4.3 Scintillation Detectors 250 4.4.3.1 Inorganic Scintillator Photon Detectors 252 4.4.3.2 Organic Scintillator Charged-Particle and Neutron Detectors 253 4.4.4 Proportional Counters 255 4.4.5 Microchannel Plate Detectors 256 4.5 Nuclear Spectroscopy 256 4.5.1 Charged-Particle Spectroscopy 257 4.5.1.1 Energy Calibrations 257 4.5.1.2 Efficiencies 258 4.5.1.3 Elastic Scattering Studies 259 4.5.1.4 Nuclear Reaction Studies 260 4.5.2 γ-Ray Spectroscopy 262 4.5.2.1 Response Function 262 4.5.2.2 Energy Calibrations 264 4.5.2.3 Efficiency Calibrations 266 4.5.2.4 Coincidence Summing 271 4.5.2.5 Sum Peak Method 275 4.5.2.6 γ-Ray Branching Ratios 276 4.5.2.7 4π Detection of γ-Rays 279 4.5.3 Neutron Spectroscopy 280 4.5.3.1 Response Function 281 4.5.3.2 Moderated Proportional Counters 282 4.5.3.3 Efficiency Calibrations 283 4.6 Miscellaneous Experimental Techniques 284 4.6.1 Radioactive Ion Beams 285 4.6.2 Activation Method 290 4.6.3 Time-of-Flight Technique 293 4.7 Background Radiation 295 4.7.1 General Aspects 296 4.7.2 Background in Charged-Particle Detector Spectra 298 4.7.3 Background in γ-Ray Detector Spectra 301 4.7.3.1 γγ-Coincidence Techniques 304 4.7.4 Background in Neutron Detector Spectra 309 4.8 Yields and Cross Sections for Charged-Particle-Induced Reactions 311 4.8.1 Nonresonant and Resonant Yields 312 4.8.1.1 Constant σ and ε Over Target Thickness 312 4.8.1.2 Moderately Varying σ and Constant ε Over Target Thickness 315 4.8.1.3 Breit–Wigner Resonance σ and Constant ε Over Resonance Width 316 4.8.2 General Treatment of Yield Curves 319 4.8.2.1 Target of Infinite Thickness 321 4.8.2.2 Target of Finite Thickness 321 4.8.3 Measured Yield Curves and Excitation Functions 325 4.8.4 Determination of Absolute Resonance Strengths and Cross Sections 328 4.8.4.1 Experimental Yields 329 4.8.4.2 Absolute Resonance Strengths and Cross Sections 329 4.8.4.3 Relative Resonance Strengths and Cross Sections 330 4.8.4.4 Determination of Resonance Strengths and Cross Sections Relative to Rutherford Scattering 333 4.9 Transmissions, Yields, and Cross Sections for Neutron-Induced Reactions 337 4.9.1 Resonance Transmission 338 4.9.2 Resonant and Nonresonant Yields 339 4.9.2.1 Constant σ Over Neutron Energy Distribution 340 4.9.2.2 Narrow Resonance with Γ ≪ ΔEn 340 4.9.3 Effective Cross Section 340 4.9.4 Measured Yields and Transmissions 341 4.9.5 Relative and Absolute Cross Sections 343 Problems 346 5 Nuclear Burning Stages and Processes 349 5.1 Hydrostatic Hydrogen Burning 353 5.1.1 pp Chains 353 5.1.2 CNO Cycles 369 5.1.3 Hydrostatic Hydrogen Burning Beyond the CNO Mass Region 383 5.2 Hydrostatic Helium Burning 389 5.2.1 Helium-Burning Reactions 391 5.2.2 Nucleosynthesis During Hydrostatic He Burning 397 5.2.3 Other Helium-Burning Reactions 399 5.3 Advanced Burning Stages 400 5.3.1 Carbon Burning 400 5.3.2 Neon Burning 407 5.3.3 Oxygen Burning 412 5.3.4 Silicon Burning 420 5.3.5 Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium 432 5.4 Explosive Burning in Core-Collapse Supernovae (Type II, Ib, Ic) 438 5.4.1 Core Collapse and the Role of Neutrinos 438 5.4.2 ν-and νp-Processes 441 5.4.3 Explosive Nucleosynthesis 443 5.4.4 Observations 451 5.5 Explosive Burning Involving Binary Stars 452 5.5.1 Explosive Burning in Thermonuclear Supernovae (Type Ia) 452 5.5.2 Explosive Hydrogen Burning and Classical Novae 460 5.5.3 Explosive Hydrogen-Helium Burning and Type I X-Ray Bursts 479 5.6 Nucleosynthesis Beyond the Iron Peak 501 5.6.1 The s-Process 505 5.6.2 The r-Process 522 5.6.3 The p-Process 542 5.7 Non-stellar Processes 553 5.7.1 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis 553 5.7.2 Cosmic-Ray Nucleosynthesis 559 5.8 Origin of the Nuclides 564 Problems 566 Appendix A Solutions of the Schrödinger Equation in Three Dimensions 569 A. 1 Zero Orbital Angular Momentum and Constant Potential 571 A. 2 Arbitrary Orbital Angular Momentum and Zero Potential 571 A. 3 Arbitrary Orbital Angular Momentum and Coulomb Potential 572 Appendix B Quantum Mechanical Selection Rules 573 Appendix C Kinematics 579 C.1 Relationship of Kinematic Quantities in the Laboratory Coordinate System 579 C.2 Transformation Between Laboratory and Center-of-Mass Coordinate System 583 Appendix D Angular Correlations 587 D. 1 General Aspects 588 D. 2 Pure Radiations in a Two-Step Process 591 D. 3 Mixed Radiations in a Two-Step Process 593 D. 4 Three-Step Process with Unobserved Intermediate Radiation 598 D. 5 Experimental Considerations 600 D. 6 Concluding Remarks 602 Appendix E Constants, Data, Units, and Notation 605 E. 1 Physical Constants and Data 605 E. 2 Mathematical Expressions 606 E. 3 Prefixes and Units 607 E. 4 Physical Quantities 608 Color Plates 613 References 627 Index 639
£999.99
Infinit Science Astronomy Understanding Our Universe Notebook:
Book Synopsis
£9.35
World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd Neutral-atom Astronomy: Plasma Diagnostics From
Book SynopsisAstronomy has been associated with the detection of electromagnetic waves or photons from within and beyond the solar system, ranging from Radio to Gamma-ray Astronomy. Particle Astrophysics, including Neutrino and Dark-Matter Astrophysics today, started with the discovery of cosmic rays in 1911. The Space Age expanded particle observations to in-situ studies of lower energy electrons and ions with a variety of charge states in space plasmas traversed by spacecraft. Remote observation of space plasmas became possible only after the discovery of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) in space in 1950.This book is a primer for those who wish to learn more about the origins of ENAs, related detection techniques, and how ENA images and spectra can be used to study space plasmas beyond the reach of spacecraft. It tells a comprehensive story from the first encounters with ENAs in the Earth's magnetosphere to Neutral-Atom Astronomy of the edge of the heliosphere and the interstellar medium. This story includes how ion mass spectrographs evolved into ENA imagers, overcoming the technical challenges, how to extract information from ENA data, and a variety of diagnostic applications on the magnetosphere, interplanetary space, other solar-system objects, the heliospheric boundary, the local interstellar medium, and a glimpse into the future of Neutral-Atom Astronomy.The authors hope to inform and inspire readers to further enrich this field of study.
£99.00
EPB Publishers Pte Ltd Dark Matter In The Universe - Proceedings Of The
Book Synopsis
£29.70
The University of Chicago Press Quantum Legacies Dispatches from an Uncertain
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Friendships and rivalries, the demands of war, the limits of technology . . . these are among the rich universe of forces that conflict and conspire to bring us what we usually gloss over as the inevitable march of scientific progress. Kaiser's book provides a wonderful glimpse behind the curtain into the messier--but far more human--truth of the matter. Beautifully written and extraordinarily well researched, the book makes a profound point about the sociopolitical nature of science that all readers--from physics buffs and historians to students and laypeople--need to hear."--Amanda Gefter, author of Trespassing on Einstein's Lawn "Kaiser is a master writer, and this is some of his finest work. An extraordinary combination of technical science, rich history, and telling anecdote, Quantum Legacies is cutting-edge scholarship rendered in a style equal to any popular science writing. When a non-academic asks me 'what is the history of science?' I will give them this book."--Matthew Stanley, author of Einstein's War: How Relativity Triumphed Amid the Vicious Nationalism of World War I
£23.00
The University of Chicago Press Chandra A Biography of S. Chandrasekhar
Book Synopsis
£35.27
WW Norton & Co Under Alien Skies
Book SynopsisA rip-roaring tour of the cosmos with the Bad Astronomer, revealing the sky as never seen before—from everywhere but EarthTrade Review"A terrific guide to our spectacular universe...Plait is a skilled, resourceful and, on occasion, downright visionary guide to the far reaches of outer space. " -- Simon Ings - New Scientist"Plait has a well-deserved reputation as a lively and accurate communicator of cutting-edge science, and this universal tour guide offers a great opportunity for him to flex his explanatory muscles... this is a hugely enjoyable read that brings a new perspective to the cosmos. " -- Giles Sparrow - BBC Sky at Night Magazine"Vivid and tangible… Even a visit to the Moon, our closest and most familiar heavenly body, gave me fresh insights under Philip Plait’s guidance" -- Clive Cookson - Financial Times"Phil Plait takes us to nearby worlds and star systems far, far away, where we do plenty of exploration, a bit of astronomical science, and a lot of marveling. But it’s the descriptions of your spaceships and suits that will keep you strapped in and reading on. His flights of science fiction fantasy are scientific—and absolutely spectacular. Enjoy the rides." -- Bill Nye, CEO, The Planetary Society"A rollicking, wondrous, and awe-inspiring introduction to the universe. Phil Plait’s writing transports us to other worlds and in the process helps us to appreciate our own world." -- John Green, author of The Fault in Our Stars and The Anthropocene Reviewed"Plait takes us on a cosmic journey—a vivid guidebook for space tourists in the distant future." -- Clive Cookson - Financial Times
£22.79
Basic Books The Edge of the Sky
Book SynopsisFrom the big bang to black holes, from dark matter to dark energy, from the origins of the universe to its ultimate destiny, The Edge of the Sky tells the story of the most important discoveries and mysteries in modern cosmology,with a twist. The book''s lexicon is limited to the thousand most common words in the English language, excluding physics , energy , galaxy , or even universe . Through the eyes of a fictional scientist (Student-People) hunting for dark matter with one of the biggest telescopes (Big-Seers) on Earth (Home-World), cosmologist Roberto Trotta explores the most important ideas about our universe (All-there-is) in language simple enough for anyone to understand.A unique blend of literary experimentation and science popularization, this delightful book is a perfect gift for any aspiring astronomer. The Edge of the Sky tells the story of the universe on a human scale, and the result is out of this world.Trade Review"A delightful little gem for adults and children alike that leads you on a unique journey with its hypnotic, disarming prose. There are many books that attempt to creatively explain the universe in simple terms; this is one of the few that succeeds." --Bruce Bassett, Head of Cosmology at the African Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Cape Town, and author of Introducing Relativity "The Edge of the Sky ranges from exoplanets, through dark matter and dark energy and even supersymmetry... without any technical words. Speaking as someone who works on the "Big Ring" in the "city in a land full of safe places to put your money in": this is big fun, and amazing that so much can be said in so few words." --Jonathan Butterworth, Professor of Physics, University College London "The Edge of the Sky is a highly original book, which explains the foundations and the latest discoveries and ideas in astronomy: from planets and life elsewhere in the universe to dark energy and the multiverse. Roberto Trotta, a leading cosmologist from Imperial College London, has managed to achieve this by only using fewer than the 1,000 most common words of the English language. This is an inspiring book for everyone." --Ofer Lahav, Perren Professor of Astronomy, University College London "Cosmology and astrophysics are confusing at the best of times. But, against all the quantum odds, Dr. Roberto Trotta has managed to explain the topics using just 1,000 unique words. Readers of The Edge Of The Sky will be treated to a delightful, poetic journey into our world, other worlds and beyond without ever feeling like their vocabulary is holding them back. And yet that is not this book's greatest achievement. More impressive than the linguistic poetry and more profound that the hard science herein is the overwhelming sense of awe and wonder this book gifts the reader. This book will appeal to any adult who as eight year child looked up to the stars and wondered about the universe. Best of all, the eight year olds of today don't have to wait until they are adults to discover it for themselves." --Stephen Follows, Writer and Film Producer "Cosmology and astrophysics are confusing at the best of times. But, against all the quantum odds, Dr. Roberto Trotta has managed to explain the topics using just 1,000 unique words. Readers of The Edge Of The Sky will be treated to a delightful, poetic journey into our world, other worlds and beyond without ever feeling like their vocabulary is holding them back. And yet that is not this book's greatest achievement. More impressive than the linguistic poetry and more profound that the hard science herein is the overwhelming sense of awe and wonder this book gifts the reader. This book will appeal to any adult who as eight year child looked up to the stars and wondered about the universe. Best of all, the eight year olds of today don't have to wait until they are adults to discover it for themselves." --Stephen Follows, Writer and Film Producer "Jargon is a perpetual problem in communicating frontier science to a general audience: everyday specialists are so immersed in their specialized argot that we cease to be aware of the barrier it creates. I therefore applaud this attempt to describe the current state of cosmology in the most stripped-down language possible. The result is transparent, and also full of marvelously vivid turns of phrase, such as "Mr. Einstein's Dark Push." Definitely an original and distinctive addition to the literature in this area." --John Peacock FRS, Professor of Cosmology, University of Edinburgh "A tale as beautiful as the great spiritual stories - with the difference that this one is built on a solid foundation of fact." --David J Hand, Emeritus Professor of Mathematics, Imperial College London, and author of The Improbability Principle "A delightful little gem for adults and children alike that leads you on a unique journey with its hypnotic, disarming prose. There are many books that attempt to creatively explain the universe in simple terms; this is one of the few that succeeds." --Bruce Bassett, Head of Cosmology at the African Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Cape Town, and author of Introducing Relativity "Never before did we know so much about our universe, the All-There-Is. But are we getting any closer to understanding essential components of its true nature, dark matter and dark energy, which dominate by far over the visible, familiar matter? With rare candor and true learning, Roberto Trotta takes us on an intimate adventure in search of possible answers, as he charts the story of our universe from a tiny fraction of a second after the Big Bang to the present - while conveying at the same time the very human, at once exhilarating and humbling experience of this search. All this by using merely seven hundred and seven out of the thousand most common words of the English language, charmingly arranged to shake off the familiar, leaving us to marvel at our Home-World and at the mysteries that lie beyond its edge." --Laura Baudis, Professor of Physics, University of Zurich "Roberto Trotta's clever metaphors illuminate dark matter and dark energy. This book is a delightful, poetic, and informative read about all there is in the Universe." --Edward Frenkel, Professor of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, and author of Love and Math "The Edge of the Sky is an enthralling read that turns on its head the conventional (and in my view thoroughly misguided) wisdom that complicated scientific ideas can only be described using complicated language. Roberto Trotta takes the reader on a fascinating and entertaining journey through the very latest discoveries in astrophysics and cosmology, using only the 1000 most common English words, but never compromising on the clarity and detail of his scientific descriptions. The Edge of the Sky captures with child-like wonder the mysteries of the cosmos in language accessible to everyone, making it eminently suitable for children of all ages!" --Martin Hendry, Professor of Astrophysics, University of Glasgow "A wonder-full not-afraid story-telling try-it-and-see, about big-sky-study of today with only the ten-hundred most used words. Very not-usual, most good. Fun, too. Buy now!" --Ian Stewart, Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the University of Warwick, and author of Visions of Infinity "A simplified but by no means simplistic introduction to modern cosmology and physics -- the flagship sciences of the 'All-There-Is.'... An entertaining exercise...for those student-people who like to ponder the All-There-Is while testing the always-inadequate limits of language." --Kirkus Reviews "Trotta's deft word choices quickly draw the reader into a surprisingly vivid alternate reality where student-persons (scientists) strive to pierce the mysteries of the All-There-Is: the universe... [T]he spare writing is elegant, even poetic. Literary experiments tend either to work or to flail with awkwardness; in Trotta's hands, this beautifully written book, with its limited vocabulary, soars." --Publishers Weekly, starred review "[A] surprisingly clear, and often poetic, primer on such complicated topics as the big bang, dark energy and the possibility of multiverses." --Scientific American "[A] poetic primer on the universe... The Edge of the Sky: All You Need to Know About the All-There-Is is one part children's book for grownups, one part imaginative exercise in economical yet lyrical language, and wholly wonderful." --Brain Pickings "Our Universe is described by only six numbers. In this entertaining and enjoyable book, Trotta recounts our knowledge of the cosmos with only the most 700-odd used words in the English dictionary. His extremely original approach conveys all the information with the most minimalistic use of language. I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in learning about the latest discoveries about our Universe within the framework of an "avant-garde" and experimental writing style." --Raul Jimenez, Professor of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Barcelona "How many different chords must you know before you can appreciate a symphony? How many different brush strokes must you master before you can appreciate a painting? How many different words do you need to use to appreciate the wonders of the universe? Roberto Trotta claims just 1,000, and bravely put pen to paper to try and prove it in this enjoyable short volume." --Lawrence M. Krauss, Foundation Professor and Director of the Origins Project at Arizona State University, and the author A Universe from Nothing and The Physics of Star Trek. "Our Universe is described by only six numbers. In this entertaining and enjoyable book, Trotta recounts our knowledge of the cosmos with only the most 700-odd used words in the English dictionary. His extremely original approach conveys all the information with the most minimalistic use of language. I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in learning about the latest discoveries about our Universe within the framework of an "avant-garde" and experimental writing style." --Raul Jimenez, Professor of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of Barcelona "How many different chords must you know before you can appreciate a symphony? How many different brush strokes must you master before you can appreciate a painting? How many different words do you need to use to appreciate the wonders of the universe? Roberto Trotta claims just 1,000, and bravely put pen to paper to try and prove it in this enjoyable short volume." --Lawrence M. Krauss, Foundation Professor and Director of the Origins Project at Arizona State University, and the author A Universe from Nothing and The Physics of Star Trek "The extraordinary story of the Universe and our journey to understand it is not an easy one to tell to the general public. But because it is the story that binds us all together, it is important to tell it in myriad ways to reach as many people as possible. The Edge of the Sky is an inventive, enjoyable and thought-provoking contribution to that effort." --Nature "The Edge of the Sky... is probably the strangest and most poetic popular science book I've ever read. [Trotta] limits himself to using the 1,000 most common words in English... the effect is to produce a strangely hypnotic, poetic quality that reminded me of Longfellow attempting a science prose poem." --Brian Clegg, Huffington Post blog "A remarkable feat."--Vocabulary.com "If you are puzzled by the reports from the telescopes (Far-Seers) moving through space finding new things, then this book will satisfy the scientist (Student-Person) in you."--Roanoke Times "This charmingly accessible book is ideal for someone just dipping a toe into astrophysics and cosmology for the first time, with an interesting gimmick that lends his prose the flavor of folklore or myth."--Jennifer Ouellette, Scientif American's Cocktail Party Physics blog
£12.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Quantum Theory Black Holes Inflation
Book SynopsisAmong the most fascinating and rapidly developing areas in modem physics is the study of cosmological phenomena such as black holes, the cosmic microwave background, and the inflationary nature of the universe.Table of ContentsQuantum Theory and Path Integrals. Quantum Field Theory. Gauge Theories. Quantum Statistical Mechanics. Classical Gravity. Black Hole Evaporation. The Inflationary Universe. Quantum Cosmology. Appendices. References. Index.
£241.16
John Wiley & Sons Inc Scientific Simulations with SpecialPurpose
Book SynopsisIn astrophysics, stellar systems or galaxies can be thought of as individual "particles". High power computers are being developed to handle these problems. This book describes the structure, performance and applications of the world's most advanced such computer, developed in Tokyo.Trade Review"It is an excellent summary text of the GRAPE systems and what they have achieved but not such a good introduction to scientific simulations with special-purpose computers in a wider context." (The Observatory Magazine, Vol. 119, No. 1149, April 1999)Table of ContentsThe Evolution of General-Purpose Computers. Overview of Special-Purpose Systems. The GRAPE Systems. Software. Science by Special-Purpose Systems. The Future of Special-Purpose Computers. References. Index.
£238.46
Harvard University Press Taxi from Another Planet
Book SynopsisTaxi drivers love to talk, and when astrobiologist Charles Cockell is their passenger, they love to talk about aliens. This humorous, insightful collection gathers essays inspired by conversations with cabbies, ranging over the possible nature of alien societies, the inevitability of life, and links between environmentalism and space exploration.Trade ReviewConversations with cab drivers lead to discussions about space exploration in this fun outing from astrobiologist Cockell…He does a great job blending cutting-edge science with philosophical considerations. This is a joy to read. * Publishers Weekly (starred review) *Timely…Cockell makes us consider a gamut of new possibilities that boggle the mind. -- Bruce Dorminey * Forbes *The single most interesting space book I’ve seen this year…I remain very grateful for Taxi from Another Planet, a book I will be returning to and recommending to others. -- John Wilson * National Review *While Cockell gives an insider, science-based understanding of space and its exploration, he’s not shy in offering his opinions, such as there being no Planet B to flee to after we finish wreaking havoc on this one. Far from being at odds, he persuasively argues, environmentalism at home and exploration in space are natural allies working to understand and protect biological life. -- Adrienne Ross Scanlan * New York Journal of Books *Cockell gives readers a good, basic (and easy-to-understand) refresher course on life on Earth as he prepares to discuss life outside Earth…While this is surely a book for adults, older teens who study the skies and make plans for a home on the moon will appreciate it as well. -- Terri Schlichenmeyer * The Daily News *Takes the reader on an engaging tour of leading topics and questions in astrobiology through a series of imaginary conversations with taxi drivers. -- Ian Randall * Physics World *[Cockell] seeks to shed some light on such existential dilemmas from a refreshingly non-academic perspective…The book is both entertaining and informative in equal measure, always thought-provoking, and is an illustration of the value of interrogating seemingly simple questions from a completely different viewpoint, sometimes leading to surprising new insights. -- Morgan Hollis * Nature Astronomy *An interesting and humorous approach to questions about the universe with relatively in-depth subject exploration. * Library Journal *If you’re intrigued by the concept of life beyond Earth and space exploration, then Taxi from Another Planet will be an interesting read for you. Inspired by conversations with drivers around the world, Cockell spins them into engaging chapters that bring together observations and ruminations about human history and scientific knowledge. -- Michelle Gardner * Technical Communication *The power of this fascinating book is that it explains a lot of science in simple terms, and offers plenty of food for thought. I recommend this book to science teachers and students, to public libraries and to historians. -- Christiaan Sterken * Journal of Astronomical Data *From human societies on Mars to cosmic microbes and alien worlds, this superbly intelligent, erudite book offers an intoxicating look at how the cutting edge of scientific thought on life’s status in the universe connects to all of us. Faced with the fascinating questions of taxi drivers from around the world, Cockell is a convivial and inspiring passenger. -- Caleb Scharf, author of The Ascent of InformationMost astronomers find it hard to respond to questions from the public without lapsing into jargon or technicalities, but Charles Cockell is a natural communicator. Taxi from Another Planet conveys an array of ideas—all fascinating, and some profound—with a light touch and utter clarity. Accessible to anyone curious about the cosmos. -- Martin Rees, coauthor of The End of AstronautsIn this unique book, Cockell takes us on a journey through astrobiology—one taxi ride at a time. Combining scientific inquiries with personal stories, Taxi from Another Planet is a fascinating conversation starter. -- Lisa Kaltenegger, Director of the Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell UniversityCab drivers spend mere minutes with their passengers, which motivates them to ask riders only the interesting questions: Could Martians be dangerous? Will talking to aliens be more enlightening than talking to a dog? Cockell’s answers from the backseat are clear and delightfully phrased in this informative and thoroughly entertaining book. -- Seth Shostak, author of Confessions of an Alien HunterThe ever curious and creative mind of Charles Cockell takes us on a ride that is both whimsical and thoroughly insightful. Science, society, and history are woven together throughout this delightful book, resembling the many intertwining streets of Cockell’s journeys, and ours. -- Kevin Peter Hand, author of Alien Oceans: The Search for Life in the Depths of Space
£20.66
Harvard University Press Exoplanets
Book SynopsisAstronomers have recently discovered thousands of exotic planets that orbit stars throughout our Milky Way galaxy. With his characteristic wit and style, Donald Goldsmith shows how these observations have already broadened our planetary horizons, and tells us what may come next, including the ultimate discovery: life beyond our home planet.Trade ReviewIn terms of what’s out there, how we discovered it, and how that’s changed our view and understanding of the planets out there in the Universe, Exoplanets by Donald Goldsmith does a remarkable job of covering what we know, how we learned it, what it means and what comes next. We are closer than we’ve ever been for discovering the first evidence of life in another Solar System. Come learn where we are on that quest with this book. -- Ethan Siegel * Forbes *How do alien, faraway worlds reveal their existence to Earthlings? Let Donald Goldsmith count the ways. As an experienced astronomer and a gifted storyteller, he is the perfect person to chronicle the ongoing hunt for planets of other stars. Notwithstanding the grandeur of his subject—an age-old human question now become an active quest—Goldsmith treats the search for other worlds with wisdom, wit, and an often thrilling choice of words. -- Dava Sobel, author of The Glass UniverseWere you fortunate enough to have a favorite aunt, or a particularly great teacher, who could explain complicated ideas in a way that helped you understand them, and made you want to know more? That's the role Donald Goldsmith plays in his delightful new book. In the past few decades, scientists have discovered myriad worlds that are like and unlike those we are familiar with. Goldsmith brings the reader up close and personal, inviting us to explore many of these systems and their discoverers. He helps us understand what we know and what we have yet to uncover, how we came to be here, and what the chances are for life beyond Earth. -- Jill Tarter, Chair Emeritus for SETI Research, SETI InstituteFor centuries humans have speculated about worlds beyond our solar system and life beyond Earth. In just the last few decades astronomers have discovered that most stars have planets, and that many of these planets could be habitable. Goldsmith recounts this stunning transformation in our cosmic understanding in a book that is comprehensive yet concise, and that prepares readers for the breakthroughs to come, including—perhaps within our lifetime—the discovery of credible evidence that we are not alone. -- Richard Tresch Fienberg, Press Officer, American Astronomical Society[Goldsmith] recounts early efforts to detect planets outside our solar system and explains the breakthroughs in detection methods that enabled astronomers to find the first exoplanets. He also gives an informative account of where known exoplanets are and what they might be like, along with a tantalizing glimpse at what might come next for astronomers as they search beyond the solar system’s bounds. -- Melinda Baldwin * Physics Today *
£18.86
Princeton University Press What Is Dark Matter
Book Synopsis
£27.00
Princeton University Press Our Cosmic Habitat
Book SynopsisTrade Review"[This book] has an informal style and breadth of coverage that make it a joy to read... Rees's explanations are exactly right."--William G. Unruh, Science "Rees provides a nice summary of how we got here, how the universe began and how it might end... Lay readers will appreciate Rees' clear, uncomplicated prose, even when dealing with tough stuff that leaves most physicists tongue-tied. Most welcome of all, he explains how scientists know what they claim to know."--K.C. Cole, Los Angeles Times "[An] awe-inspiring survey... Rees is not only a world-class cosmologist but one of our best living science writers."--John Cornwell, Sunday Times "Probably the clearest and most easily understandable account of our Universe available."--Ian Morison, New Scientist "Our very own Astronomer Royal blasts off into space, in velvety, friendly prose. His musings on the possibilities of alien life and of time travel, the necessity to colonise space, and a vision of the far future make for a pleasingly concise and always intriguing tour d'horizon."--Steven Poole, The Guardian "In the crowded field of popular writing about the universe, Rees is genuinely in the forefront--an accomplished scientist with the superior writing skills... He exudes the instinctual curiosity we all possess when looking upward, and he focuses that wonderment on the narrow range of cosmological numbers that allow us to ruminate about it all. A wonderfully appealing presentation."--Booklist "There is a lot of stuff in the universe--the estimated number of stars is 10 followed by 22 zeros. But as to whether there are other planets with life like Earth's, Rees says the chance of two similar ecologies is less than the chance of two randomly typing monkeys producing the same Shakespearean play."--George F. Will, The Washington Post "In the instant after the big bang, there was only a one-part-per-billion preponderance of matter over antimatter, just enough to create the universe that created us. Rees, an accomplished scientist with superior writing skills, marvels over the wonder that matter even exists."--Booklist (Top 10 Sci-Tech Books of 2001) "Rees is one of the great astronomers royal; he is a leading cosmologist, and his skill in writing what may be termed popular science is probably unequaled today. I know of no other author who could present such difficult concepts in so lucid a manner. This is a brilliant book, to be read and enjoyed by all."--Sir Patrick Moore, Times Higher Education Supplement "A must-read book for people who are interested in the philosophical implications of the emerging idea that, possibly, we are not alone."--Science Books and Films "A fabulous journey round the cosmos in excellent company."--Maggie McDonald, New Scientist "As books encompassing the realm of everything in the universe (universes?) go, this one is relatively short. Its brevity, however ... its elaborate index (a point I find refreshing), and the fact that it was written by someone so esteemed in the astronomical community, begs the reader to ask why this couldn't be used as a one-semester introductory text. Well-written, clear visuals, great author: a good combination for a first book on the subject."--April S. Whitt, Planetarian
£14.24
Oldcastle Books Ltd The Universe
Book SynopsisA witty, accessible and entertaining journey through teh philosophies of time and space.Trade ReviewIf it's true that very few of the many thousands who bought Stephen Hawkins' A Brief History of Time actually read it, then Osborne's may be the book to catch up with. Certainly, this reviewer ended the book a good deal wiser * Financial Times *the perfect introduction for those who would like to understand the vast space that is our universe * The Good Book Guide *
£7.19
John Wiley & Sons Inc Rocket Propulsion Elements
Book SynopsisTHE DEFINITIVE INTRODUCTION TO ROCKET PROPULSION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS The recent upsurge in global government and private spending and in space flight events has resulted in many novel applications of rocket propulsion technology.Table of ContentsPreface xvii 1 Classification 1 1.1. Duct Jet Propulsion 2 1.2. Rocket Propulsion 4 Chemical Rocket Propulsion 5 Combinations of Ducted Jet Engines and Rocket Engines 9 Nuclear Rocket Engines 10 Electric Rocket Propulsion 10 Other Rocket Propulsion Concepts 12 International Rocket Propulsion Effort 13 1.3. Applications of Rocket Propulsion 14 Space Launch Vehicles 14 Spacecraft 20 Military and Other Applications 21 References 24 2 Definitions and Fundamentals 26 2.1. Definitions 26 2.2. Thrust 31 2.3. Exhaust Velocity 33 2.4. Energy and Efficiencies 35 2.5. Multiple Propulsion Systems 38 2.6. Typical Performance Values 39 2.7. Variable Thrust 40 Symbols 41 Problems 42 References 44 3 Nozzle Theory and Thermodynamic Relations 45 3.1. Ideal Rocket Propulsion Systems 45 3.2. Summary of Thermodynamic Relations 47 3.3. Isentropic Flow through Nozzles 51 Velocity 52 Nozzle Flow and Throat Condition 57 Thrust and Thrust Coefficient 61 Characteristic Velocity and Specific Impulse 63 Under- and Overexpanded Nozzles 67 Influence of Chamber Geometry 72 3.4. Nozzle Configurations 73 Cone- and Bell-Shaped Nozzles 75 3.5. Real Nozzles 81 Boundary Layers 82 Multiphase Flow 83 Other Phenomena and Losses 85 Performance Correction Factors 85 Four Performance Parameters 89 3.6. Nozzle Alignment 91 Symbols 93 Problems 94 References 97 4 Flight Performance 99 4.1. Gravity-Free Drag-Free Space Flight 99 4.2. Forces Acting on a Vehicle in the Atmosphere 104 4.3. Basic Relations of Motion 106 4.4. Space Flight 113 Elliptical Orbits 116 Deep Space 120 Perturbations 121 Mission Velocity 125 4.5. Space Flight Maneuvers 127 Reaction Control System 131 4.6. Effect of Propulsion System on Vehicle Performance 133 4.7. Flight Vehicles 136 Multistage Vehicles 136 Stage Separation 138 Launch Vehicles 141 4.8. Military Missiles 144 4.9. Flight Stability 147 Symbols 149 Problems 150 References 152 5 Chemical Rocket Propellant Performance Analysis 154 5.1. Background and Fundamentals 156 5.2. Analysis of Chamber or Motor Case Conditions 161 5.3. Analysis of Nozzle Expansion Processes 166 5.4. Computer-Assisted Analysis 171 5.5. Results of Thermochemical Calculations 172 Symbols 185 Problems 186 References 187 6 Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine Fundamentals 189 6.1. Types of Propellants 192 6.2. Propellant Tanks 196 6.3. Propellant Feed Systems 203 Local Pressures and Flows 203 6.4. Gas Pressure Feed Systems 205 6.5. Tank Pressurization 212 Factors Influencing the Required Mass of Pressurizing Gas 214 Simplified Analysis for the Mass of Pressurizing Gas 215 6.6. Turbopump Feed Systems and Engine Cycles 217 Engine Cycles 218 6.7. Rocket Engines for Maneuvering, Orbit Adjustments, or Attitude Control 229 6.8. Engine Families 232 6.9. Valves and Pipelines 233 6.10. Engine Support Structure 239 Symbols 239 Problems 240 References 242 7 Liquid Propellants 244 7.1. Propellant Properties 245 Economic Factors 245 Performance of Propellants 246 Common Physical Hazards 250 Desirable Physical Properties 252 Ignition, Combustion, and Flame Properties 254 Property Variations and Specifications 254 Additives 255 7.2. Liquid Oxidizers 255 Liquid Oxygen (O2) (LOX) 255 Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) 256 Nitric Acid (HNO3) 257 Nitrogen Tetroxide (N2O4) (NTO) 258 Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 259 Oxidizer Cleaning Process 259 7.3. Liquid Fuels 259 Hydrocarbon Fuels 260 Liquid Hydrogen 261 Hydrazine (N2H4) 262 Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine [(CH3)2NNH2] 263 Monomethylhydrazine (CH3NHNH2) 263 7.4. Liquid Monopropellants 264 Hydrazine as a Monopropellant 264 7.5. Gaseous Propellants 266 7.6. Safety and Environmental Concerns 267 Symbols 268 Problems 268 References 269 8 Thrust Chambers 271 8.1. Injectors 276 Injector Flow Characteristics 280 Factors Influencing Injector Behavior 283 8.2. Combustion Chamber and Nozzle 285 Volume and Shape 285 Heat Transfer Distribution 288 Cooling of Thrust Chambers 289 Hydraulic Losses in the Cooling Passage 295 Thrust Chamber Wall Loads and Stresses 296 8.3. Low-Thrust Rocket Thrust Chambers or Thrusters 300 8.4. Materials and Fabrication 304 8.5. Heat Transfer Analysis 310 General Steady-State Heat Transfer Relations 311 Transient Heat Transfer Analysis 315 Steady-State Transfer to Liquids in Cooling Jacket 317 Radiation 321 8.6. Starting and Ignition 322 8.7. Useful Life of Thrust Chambers 325 8.8. Random Variable Thrust 326 8.9. Sample Thrust Chamber Design Analysis 328 Symbols 338 Problems 339 References 342 9 Liquid Propellant Combustion and Its Stability 344 9.1. Combustion Process 344 Injection/Atomization Zone 346 Rapid Combustion Zone 347 Streamtube Combustion Zone 348 9.2. Analysis and Simulation 348 9.3. Combustion Instability 349 Rating Techniques 357 Control of Instabilities 358 Problems 362 References 362 10 Turbopumps and Their Gas Supplies 365 10.1. Introduction 365 10.2. Descriptions of Several Turbopumps 366 10.3. Selection of Turbopump Configuration 371 10.4. Flow, Shaft Speeds, Power, and Pressure Balances 376 10.5. Pumps 378 Classification and Description 378 Pump Parameters 379 Influence of Propellants 385 10.6. Turbines 387 Classification and Description 387 Turbine Performance and Design Considerations 389 10.7. Approach to Turbopump Preliminary Design 390 10.8. Gas Generators and Preburners 393 Symbols 395 Problems 396 References 397 11 Engine Systems, Controls, and Integration 399 11.1. Propellant Budget 399 11.2. Performance of Complete or Multiple Rocket Propulsion Systems 401 11.3. Engine Design 403 11.4. Engine Controls 412 Control of Engine Starting and Thrust Buildup 413 Automatic Controls 419 Control by Computer 421 11.5. Engine System Calibration 423 Engine Health Monitoring System 428 11.6. System Integration and Engine Optimization 430 Symbols 431 Problems 432 References 433 12 Solid Propellant Rocket Motor Fundamentals 434 12.1. Basic Relations and Propellant Burning Rate 439 Mass Flow Relations 444 Burning Rate Relation with Pressure 445 Burning Rate Relation with Ambient Temperature (Tb) 449 Variable Burning Rate Exponent n 452 Burning Enhancement by Erosion 453 Other Burning Rate Enhancements 455 12.2. Other Performance Issues 457 12.3. Propellant Grain and Grain Configuration 462 Slivers 471 12.4. Propellant Grain Stress and Strain 472 Material Characterization 473 Structural Design 476 12.5. Attitude Control and Side Maneuvers with Solid Propellant Rocket Motors 483 Symbols 485 Problems 486 References 488 13 Solid Propellants 491 13.1. Classification 491 13.2. Propellant Characteristics 497 13.3. Hazards 505 Inadvertent Ignition 505 Aging and Useful Life 506 Case Overpressure and Failure 506 Insensitive Munitions 508 Upper Pressure Limit 510 Toxicity 510 Safety Rules 510 13.4. Propellant Ingredients 511 Inorganic Oxidizers 513 Fuels 516 Binders 516 Burning-Rate Modifiers 517 Plasticizers 518 Curing Agents or Crosslinkers 518 Energetic Binders and Plasticizers 518 Organic Oxidizers or Explosives 518 Additives 519 Particle-Size Parameters 520 13.5. Other Propellant Categories 522 Gas Generator Propellants 522 Smokeless or Low-Smoke Propellant 523 Igniter Propellants 524 13.6. Liners, Insulators, and Inhibitors 525 13.7. Propellant Processing and Manufacture 528 Problems 531 References 534 14 Solid Propellant Combustion and Its Stability 536 14.1. Physical and Chemical Processes 536 14.2. Ignition Process 540 14.3. Extinction or Thrust Termination 541 14.4. Combustion Instability 543 Acoustic Instabilities 544 Analytical Models and Simulation of Combustion Stability 548 Combustion Stability Assessment, Remedy, and Design 548 Vortex-Shedding Instability 551 Problems 552 References 553 15 Solid Rocket Motor Components and Design 555 15.1. Rocket Motor Case 555 Metal Cases 559 Wound-Filament-Reinforced Plastic Cases 561 15.2. Nozzles 563 Classification 564 Design and Construction 566 Heat Absorption and Nozzle Materials 571 15.3. Igniter Hardware 577 Pyrotechnic Igniters 578 Pyrogen Igniters 579 Igniter Analysis and Design 581 15.4. Rocket Motor Design Approach 581 Problems 589 References 591 16 Hybrid Propellants Rocket Propulsion 593 16.1. Applications and Propellants 594 16.2. Interior Hybrid Motor Ballistics 599 16.3. Performance Analysis and Grain Configuration 602 Dynamic Behavior 605 16.4. Design Example 607 16.5. Combustion Instability 611 Symbols 615 Problems 617 References 618 17 Electric Propulsion 620 17.1. Ideal Flight Performance 626 17.2. Electrothermal Thrusters 631 Resistojets 631 Arcjets 634 17.3. Nonthermal Electrical Thrusters 638 Electrostatic Devices 638 Basic Relationships for Electrostatic Thrusters 640 Electromagnetic Thrusters 646 17.4. Optimum Flight Performance 654 17.5. Mission Applications 658 17.6. Electric Space-Power Supplies and Power-Conditioning Systems 661 Power Generation Units 661 Power-Conditioning Equipment (PCU or PPU) 664 Symbols 665 Problems 666 References 668 18 Thrust Vector Control 671 18.1. TVC Mechanisms with a Single Nozzle 673 18.2. TVC with Multiple Thrust Chambers or Nozzles 683 18.3. Testing 686 18.4. Integration with Vehicle 687 Problems 688 References 688 19 Selection of Rocket Propulsion Systems 690 19.1. Selection Process 692 19.2. Criteria for Selection 697 19.3. Interfaces 699 19.4. Cost Reduction 700 References 702 20 Rocket Exhaust Plumes 703 20.1. Plume Appearance and Flow Behavior 705 Spectral Distribution of Radiation 711 Multiple Nozzles 714 Plume Signature 714 Vehicle Base Geometry and Recirculation 715 Compression and Expansion Waves 716 20.2. Plume Effects 717 Smoke and Vapor Trails 717 Toxicity 718 Noise 719 Spacecraft Surface Contamination 720 Radio Signal Attenuation 720 Plume Impingement on Structures 722 Heat Transfer to Clusters of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines 722 20.3. Analysis and Mathematical Simulation 723 Problems 724 References 724 21 Rocket Testing 726 21.1. Types of Tests 726 21.2. Test Facilities and Safeguards 728 Monitoring the Environment and Controlling Toxic Materials 731 21.3. Instrumentation and Data Management 735 Measurement System Terminology 736 Test Measurements 737 Health Monitoring System (HMS) 738 21.4. Flight Testing 739 21.5. Postaccident Procedures 740 References 741 Appendix 1 Conversion Factors and Constants 743 Conversion Factors (arranged alphabetically) 743 Constants 746 Appendix 2 Properties of the Earth’s Standard Atmosphere 747 Appendix 3 Summary of Key equations for Ideal Chemical Rockets 749 Index 751
£114.26
Johns Hopkins University Press Marvelous Microfossils
Book SynopsisTraining a powerful lens on the microscopic wonders of the universe, hundreds of photos, both exquisite and strange, accompany this startling exposé of a secret world invisibly evolving around us for billions of years. Silver Winner of the 2021 IBPA Benjamin Franklin Award for Nature & EnvironmentMicrofossilsthe most abundant, ancient, and easily accessible of Earth's fossilsare also the most important. Their ubiquity is such that every person on the planet touches or uses them every single day, and yet few of us even realize they exist. Despite being the sole witnesses of 3 billion years of evolutionary history, these diminutive fungi, plants, and animals are themselves invisible to the eye. In this microscopic bestiary, prominent geologist, paleontologist, and scholar Patrick De Wever lifts the veil on their mysterious world. Marvelous Microfossils lays out the basics of what microfossils are before moving on to the history, tools, and methods of investigating them. The author deTrade ReviewEnhanced by sumptuous images, Marvelous Microfossils reveals microfossils' amazing forms and fascinating architecture. Readers will be easily hypnotized by their patterns, their rhythms, their symmetries . . . a delight for the eyes, this book is also notable for its scientific intelligibility. The author is able to render his interest and the complexity of an invisible and inert world with a sharp literary pen, clear text, and simple and effective examples and organization.—Rémi Luglia, President, Société Nationale de Protection de la NatureInitially an emotional thunderbolt for geologist and micropaleontologist Patrick De Wever, microfossils became the object of his research for decades. Sharing this feeling was his motivation to devote a book to the topic. To say the least, this book perfectly fulfills that function!—La RechercheThis book will make history! It is the fruit of a whole life's work dedicated to the study of microfossils. The author combines his qualities as a scientist with a great knowledge of the literature. His wish, to inspire us to look for the beauties hidden in stone, is fully realized in this beautiful and successful work!—A Fond la ScienceTable of ContentsPrefaceIntroductionA Marvelous Microscopic WorldWhat Is a Microfossil?Why Study MicrofossilsPart A: The Study of MicrofossilsPart B: Microfossils through the Geologic AgesPart C: The Diversity of MicrofossilsPart D: Architects, Builders, and Markers of Time
£46.35
John Murray Press Why the Universe Exists
Book SynopsisAs you read this, billions of neutrinos from the sun are passing through your body, antimatter is sprouting from your dinner and the core of your being is a chaotic mess of particles known only as quarks and gluons.If the recent discovery of the Higgs boson piqued your interest, then Why The Universe Exists will take you deeper into the world of particle physics, with leading physicists and New Scientist exploring how the universe functions at the smallest scales. Find out about hunt for dark matter and why there is something rather than nothing. Discover how accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland are rewinding time to the first moments after the big bang, and how ghostly neutrino particles may hold the answers to the greatest mysteries of the universe. ABOUT THE SERIESNew Scientist Instant Expert books are definitive and accessible entry points to the most important subjects in science; subject
£14.24
Little, Brown & Company Out There: A Scientific Guide to Alien Life,
Book SynopsisWe've all asked ourselves the question. It's impossible to look up at the stars and NOT think about it: Are we alone in the universe? Books, movies and television shows proliferate that attempt to answer this question and explore it. In OUT THERE Space.com senior writer Dr. Michael Wall treats that question as merely the beginning, touching off a wild ride of exploration into the final frontier. He considers, for instance, the myriad of questions that would arise once we do discover life beyond Earth (an eventuality which, top NASA officials told Wall, is only drawing closer). What would the first aliens we meet look like? Would they be little green men or mere microbes? Would they be found on a planet in our own solar system or orbiting a star far, far away? Would they intend to harm us, and if so, how might they do it? And might they already have visited?OUT THERE is arranged in a simple question-and-answer format. The answers are delivered in Dr. Wall's informal but informative style, which mixes in a healthy dose of humor and pop culture to make big ideas easier to swallow. Dr. Wall covers questions far beyond alien life, venturing into astronomy, physics, and the practical realities of what long-term life might be like for we mere humans in outer space, such as the idea of lunar colonies, and even economic implications. Readers won't just be hearing from Dr. Wall. As a longtime science journalist--whose work at Space.com is syndicated in outlets from Scientific American to Fox News--he has assembled an impressive array of contacts to provide expert commentary. From a former NASA chief scientist to leading science educators like Neil DeGrasse Tyson and Bill Nye to would-be space traveler Elon Musk, Dr. Wall shares the insights of some of the leading lights in space exploration today, and shows how the next space age might be brighter than ever.
£19.80
Aperture Arrhythmic Mythic Ra
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£17.95
ISTE Ltd Active Galactic Nuclei
Book SynopsisAll galaxies host a super-massive black hole in their center. These black holes grow their mass in symbiosis with their host galaxy and moderate their star formation. When matter is driven towards the nucleus, an accretion disk is formed to transfer angular momentum and considerable energy is released when the material falls into the black hole: this is the phenomenon of active galactic nuclei (AGN). A nucleus can shine one thousand times more brightly than the entire galaxy with its 200 billion stars. The nuclear activity can take many forms, from very powerful quasars to more ordinary Seyfert galaxies, passing by radio-galaxies, which eject a collimated plasma at ten times the radius of the galaxy. This book examines all of these manifestations and presents a unified view. When two galaxies merge, a binary black hole is formed and the two black holes will spiral inwards and merge, emitting long gravitational waves, which could be detected by the future LISA satellite.Table of Contents1. Active Galactic Nuclei: Competition Between Accretion and Ejectio, Suzy Collin-Zahn.2. The Galactic Black Hole, Mark Morris.3. AGN Accretion Disks, Jean-Pierre Lasota.4. Relativistic Jets and Very High Energy Mechanisms, Hélène Sol.5. Galactic Bulge–Black Hole Co-evolution, Feeding and Feedback of AGNs, Francoise Combes.6. Binary Black Holes in the Gravitational Wave Universe, Monica Colpi.
£112.50
De Gruyter Small Satellites for Earth Observation: Selected Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics, Berlin, April 4-8 2005
Book SynopsisThe biennial IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation provides a forum for scientists, engineers and managers to exchange information about planned and on-going programs and missions, and present new ideas, covering small satellite mission objectives, as well as technology and management aspects for dedicated earth observation satellites. This volume presents selected contributions of the 5th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation, April 4 - 8, 2005, organized by the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA), Paris, France, and hosted by the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany.
£95.00
De Gruyter Dynamical Evolution of Galaxies
Book SynopsisThis research monograph presents a new dynamical framework for the study of secular morphological evolution of galaxies along the Hubble sequence. Classical approaches based on Boltzmann’s kinetic equation, as well as on its moment-equation descendants the Euler and Navier-Stokes fluid equations, are inadequate for treating the maintenance and long-term evolution of systems containing self-organized structures such as galactic density-wave modes. A global and synthetic approach, incorporating correlated fluctuations of the constituent particles during a nonequilibrium phase transition, is adopted to supplement the continuum treatment. The cutting-edge research combining analytical, N-body simulational, and observational aspects, as well as the fundamental-physics connections it provides, make this work a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students in astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, many-body physics, complexity theory, and other related fields. Contents Dynamical Drivers of Galaxy Evolution N-Body Simulations of Galaxy Evolution Astrophysical Implications of the Dynamical Theory Putting It All Together Concluding Remarks Appendix: Relation to Kinetics and Fluid MechanicsTable of ContentsContent Preface page 1 Introduction 1.1 Observational Background 1.2 Theoretical Background 1.3 Organization of the Material 2 Drivers of Secular Morphological Evolution of Galaxies 2.1 Motivations for the Theoretical Approach 2.2 Density Wave Crest as the Site of Gravitational Instability 2.3 Potential-Density Phase Shifts for Density Wave Modes 2.4 Linear Regime and Quasi-Steady State of the Wave Modes 2.5 Torque Coupling and Angular Momentum Transport 2.6 Rates of Secular Evolution 2.7 Relation to “Broadening of Resonances” 2.8 In a Nutshell 3 Verification of Analytical Results through N-Body Simulations 3.1 Overview of the N-Body Simulations of Disk Galaxies 3.2 Simulation Codes and Basic State Specifications 3.3 Signature of Collisionless Shock in N-Body Spirals 3.4 Modal Nature of a Spontaneously-Formed Pattern 3.5 Qualitative Signature of Secular Mass Redistribution 3.6 Longevity of the Spiral Modes 3.7 Role of Gas 3.8 Implication on Orbits as “Building Blocks” 3.9 Second Generation Tests 4 Astrophysical Implications of the New Dynamical Theory 4.1 Motivations and General Outline 4.2 Potential-Density Phase Shift (PDPS) Method for CR Determination 4.3 Secular Mass Migration and Bulge Building 4.4 Secular Heating and The Age-Velocity-Dispersion Relation 4.5 Secular Heating and the Size-Linewidth Relation 4.6 Other Characteristics of the Milky Way Galaxy and External Galaxies 4.7 Universal Rotation Curve 4.8 Secular Evolution and the Maintenance of Galaxy Scaling Relations 4.9 Butcher-Oemler Effect and Evolution of Cluster Galaxies 4.10 Secular Evolution and the Origin of Color-Magnitude Relation 4.11 An Example of Secular Evolution in Interacting Galaxies 4.12 Black-Hole-Mass and Bulge-Mass Correlation 5 Putting in All Together: What We Have Learned So Far 5.1 Reexamine the Foundations 5.2 Role of Basic State Specification 5.3 Broader Implications 5.4 Implications on the Cosmological Evolution of Galaxies 6 Concluding Remarks 7 Appendix. Nonequilibrium Phase Transition and Classical Mechanics 7.1 Foundation of Kinetic Theory: the Boltzmann Equation 7.2 From Kinetic Theory to Fluid Mechanics 7.3 Nonequilibrium Phase Transition and Galaxy Evolution 7.4 The Proper Choice of Hierarchies 8 References
£134.42
De Gruyter Wie alles anfing
£27.08
De Gruyter Astronomie: Einführung in Ihre Grundlagen
£138.22
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de Gruyter Comet Halley 19091911
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£111.62
Johns Hopkins University Press Whats Hidden Inside Planets
Book SynopsisA guided journey through the inner workings of Earth, the cloaked mysteries of other planets in our solar system, and beyond. Extreme heat. Extreme cold. Extreme pressure. Toxic gases. Scorching magma flows, and ice volcanoes. Interior tides. Asteroids filled with gold. In What's Hidden Inside Planets? planetary scientist Dr. Sabine Stanley cracks the surface to reveal the beating heart of planets and what created themfrom the building blocks of swirling cosmic dust, pebbles, and gas to coalesced planetesimal beginnings to the worlds we see today. We're only beginning to explore the secretive interiors of planets, where awe-inspiring wonders await. Our home planet is no exception. Earth, from space, looks like a shimmering gem suspended in an inky, infinite expanse. But this serene image masks the magnificent and volatile interior forces that make life possible for millions of species on the surface. The placid appearances of our neighboring planets similarly belie their powersand scTrade ReviewStanley, a planetary scientist at Johns Hopkins University, approaches her topic with the generous enthusiasm of a nature guide taking visitors on a field trip....'I hope I've been able to portray how wondrous the inner worlds of planets are,' Stanley writes modestly near the end of her book. Hope achieved.—American ScientistTable of ContentsPreface 1. Gazing Inward2. Gazing Outward3. Telltale Planetary Parcels4. Fierce and Formative Forces5. How We Peer Inside Planets6. Curious Planetary Elements7. The Future of Planetary ExplorationAcknowledgmentsNotesIndex
£13.30
Oxford University Press SPACE PHYSIOLOGY C
Book SynopsisIntended for space crews living and working in zero gravity, as well as for the community of scientists, physicians and engineers who support them. This work offers advice on physiological and medical problems of bone loss, kidney stones, motion sickness, muscle loss, loss of balance, orthostatic intolerance, weight loss, and more.Trade ReviewI strongly recommend Space Physiology to physicians and scientists engaged in aerospace medicine and anyone interested in the US space program. I also recommend this book to our law makers, because it is they who must resolve to properly fund our aerospace medical research efforts. * JAMA *Table of Contents1. Bone Loss: Dealing with Calcium and Bone Loss in Space ; 2. Psychosocial Support: Maintaining an Effective Team ; 3. Radiation Hazards: Establishing a Safe Level ; 4. Muscle Loss: A Practical Approach to Maintaining Strength ; 5. Extravehicular Activity: Performing EVA Safely ; 6. Balance: Neurovestibular Effects of Spaceflight and Their Operational Consequences ; 7. Cardiovascular Changes: Atrophy, Arrhythmias, and Orthostatic Intolerance ; 8. Nutrition: Maintaining Body Mass and Preventing Disease ; 9. Motion Sickness in Space: Prevention and Treatment ; 10. Gender: Identifying and Managing the Relevant Differences ; 11. Preflight Preparation and Postflight Recovery: Preparation and Rehabilitation ; 12. Long-Duration Flight Medical Planning: Medical Care on the Way to the Moon and Mars
£92.00
Clarendon Press The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
Book SynopsisPart of the reissued Oxford Classic Texts in the Physical Sciences series, this book was first published in 1983, and has swiftly become one of the great modern classics of relativity theory. It represents a personal testament to the work of the author, who spent several years writing and working-out the entire subject matter.The theory of black holes is the most simple and beautiful consequence of Einstein''s relativity theory. At the time of writing there was no physical evidence for the existence of these objects, therefore all that Professor Chandrasekhar used for their construction were modern mathematical concepts of space and time. Since that time a growing body of evidence has pointed to the truth of Professor Chandrasekhar''s findings, and the wisdom contained in this book has become fully evident.Trade ReviewThere is no doubt in my mind that this book is a masterpiece...beautifully written and well-presented. * Roger Penrose in Nature *"Chandrasekhar has provided us with a magisterial text on the classical black holes, outstanding in the depth and detail of its coverage...Throughout, a wealth of mathematical ideas is explained and employed in the process of extracting the properties of these space-times, and the similarities and differences between the different black hole space-times are thoroughly treated. This book is an undoubted classic, and wil remain a standard reference work on black holes for many years." Mathematics Today, October 1999Table of Contents1. Mathematical preliminaries ; 2. A space-time of sufficient generality ; 3. The Schwarzchild space-time ; 4. The perturbations of the Schwarzchild black hole ; 5. The Reissner-Nordstrom solution ; 6. The Kerr metric ; 7. The geodesics in the Kerr space-time ; 8. Electromagnetic waves in Kerr geometry ; 9. The gravitational perturbations of the Kerr black hole ; 10. Spin-1/2 particles in Kerr geometry ; 11. Other solutions ; 12. Other methods
£85.50
Oxford University Press Particle Detectors
Book SynopsisThis book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications.Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics.The book''s aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master''s level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.Trade ReviewStarting from a thorough introduction of fundamentals easily understood by the non-specialist and arriving at the cutting edge of modern device application, this well-produced volume offers an important reference for researchers and students in physics and optics. * Silvano Donati, Optics & Phototonics News *a gem of a book... easy to read and conceptual discussions are well supported by numerous examples, plots, and illustrations of excellent quality. * Peter Krizan, CERN Courier *...the authors provide the community with a fantastic resource for all aspects of modern instrumentation in the scientific and societal applications of particle physics. This monumental textbook, with its almost 1000 pages, covers in a very comprehensive, clear and inclusive way all the basic physics and technologies for detectors. Each of the topics is introduced in an accessible manner for advanced graduate students, including concrete examples, and is then further developed in depth for experts. This also makes it a precious reference book. * Peter Jenni, Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg and Experimental Physics Department, CERN *Before I opened the cover of the book, I made a list of topics that I feel should be covered in a comprehensive treatise on particle detection. As I read through, I found that each one of those, and many more, are treated with an admirable balance of technical depth and readability. I highly recommend this book for any "student" of nuclear instrumentation, whether at the beginning of or deep into their career. The book promises to be an invaluable resource for many years to come. * Bruce Schumm, Physics Department, University of California at Santa Cruz *Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: Overview, history and concepts 3: Interactions of particles and matter 4: Movement of charge carriers in electric and magnetic fields 5: Signal formation by moving charges 6: Non-electronic detectors 7: Gas-filled detectors 8: Semiconductor detectors 9: Track reconstruction and momentum measurement 10: Photodetectors 11: Cherenkov detectors 12: Transition radiation detectors 13: Scintillation detectors 14: Particle identification 15: Calorimeters 16: Detectors for cosmic particles, neutrinos and exotic matter 17: Signal procesisng, readout and noise 18: Trigger and data acquisition systems
£109.73
Oxford University Press, USA Atomic and Laser Spectroscopy
Book SynopsisThis book discusses many advances in optical physics and is intended mainly for experimentalists. The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with free atoms is introduced using classical or semi-classical calculations wherever possible. Topics discussed include the spontaneous emission of radiation, and atomic beam magnetic resonance experiments.Trade ReviewThe academic worth of this book is already well established...the book certainly offers substantial added value to the novice. The book is a handy reference for all. * The Higher Education Academy *Corney's book has much to offer. * Physics Today *The book will be of great value: to undergraduates, to beginning graduate students, even to atomic theorists. * Nature *Table of Contents1. Introduction ; 2. Review of Classical Electrodynamics ; 3. Review of Quantum Mechanics ; 4. The Spontaneous Emission of Radiation ; 5. Selection Rules for Electric Dipole Transitions ; 6. Measurement of Radiative Lifetimes of Atoms and Molecules ; 7. Forbidden Transitions and Metastable Atoms ; 8. The Width and Shape of Spectral Lines ; 9. The Absorption and Stimulated Emission of Radiation ; 10. Radiative Transfer and the Formation of Spectral Lines ; 11. Population Inversion Mechanisms in Gas Lasers ; 12. Resonant Modes of Optical Cavities ; 13. Saturation Characteristics and the Single-Frequency Operation of Gas Lasers ; 14. Turnable Dye Lasers and Atomic Spectroscopy ; 15. The Hanle Effect and the Theory of Resonance Flourescence Experiments ; 16. Optical Double Resonance Experiments ; 17. Optical Pumping Experiments ; 18. The Hyperfine Structure of Atoms and its Investigation by Magnetic Resonance Methods ; Appendix
£87.00
OUP Oxford New Theories of Everything
Book SynopsisWill we ever discover a single scientific theory that tells us everything that has happened, and everything that will happen, on every level in the Universe? The quest for the theory of everything - a single key that unlocks all the secrets of the Universe - is no longer a pipe-dream, but the focus of some of our most exciting research about the structure of the cosmos. But what might such a theory look like? What would it mean? And how close are we to getting there? In New Theories of Everything, John D. Barrow describes the ideas and controversies surrounding the ultimate explanation. Updating his earlier work Theories of Everything with the very latest theories and predictions, he tells of the M-theory of superstrings and multiverses, of speculations about the world as a computer program, and of new ideas of computation and complexity. But this is not solely a book about modern ideas in physics - Barrow also considers and reflects on the philosophical and cultural consequences of thTrade ReviewReview from previous edition A fascinating journey... Barrow gets right down to fundamental issues in addressing this central question in modern science. * Kirkus Reviews *A fine book. * John Gribbin, The Independent *A worthwhile update. * Amanda Gefter, New Scientist *A highly rewarding intellectual adventure. * Jim Al-Khalili, Focus *Table of Contents1. Ultimate Explanation ; 2. Laws ; 3. Initial Conditions ; 4. Forces and Particles ; 5. Constants of Nature ; 6. Broken Symmetries ; 7. Organizing Principles ; 8. Selection Effects ; 9. Pi in the Sky ; Bibliography and Index
£12.34
