Astrophysics Books
Yale University Press Reimagining Time
Book SynopsisA quirky, funny, and accessible blend of science and art that delves into the heart of Einstein’s theory of relativityTrade Review“What makes Reimagining Time unique is the complementary talents of its authors, a father-daughter team, who together create an enjoyable yet challenging exposition of [Einstein’s theory of relatvitiy].”—J. F. Burkhart, Choice“[This book’s] aim to provide a non-mathematical but quantitative description of SR—is as laudable as it is challenging. Just maybe it will appeal to enough readers to make it a cult classic.”—Peter Main, Physics Education“Hop aboard the relativity train with this lively and creative introduction to the most significant ideas of Einstein’s relativity. A spirited intellectual adventure!”—David Kaiser, author of Quantum Legacies: Dispatches from an Uncertain World“Understanding Einstein’s theory of special relativity can be hard. In the engaging and artfully illustrated Reimagining Time Tanya and Jeffrey Bub make the effort to understand it immensely enjoyable without compromising on correctness and rigor.”—Anil Ananthaswamy, author of Through Two Doors at Once“Tanya Bub and Jeffrey Bub have done it again! Reimagining Time is a delightful read, resulting in a conceptual understanding of one of the most important paradigm shifts in physics. Totally brilliant!”—Tiffany Nichols, Harvard University“Reimagining Time is a fascinating introduction to the core concepts of special relativity. The unique illustrated format and elegant writing will appeal to readers who have not encountered these ideas before.”—Chad Orzel, author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog“Most introductions to Einstein's theory of special relativity teach one to accept its puzzling aspects. With clever narration and illustration, Reimagining Time helps you understand relativity.”—Craig Callender, author of What Makes Times Special?
£18.99
Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group Space Oddities
Book SynopsisExperimental physicist at CERN and acclaimed science presenter Harry Cliff offers an eye-opening account of the inexplicable phenomena that science has only recently glimpsed, and that could transform our understanding of the fundamental nature of reality.Something strange is going on in the cosmos. Scientists are uncovering a catalogue of weird phenomena that simply can’t be explained by our long-established theories of the universe. Particles with unbelievable energies are bursting from beneath the Antarctic ice. Unknown forces seem to be tugging on the basic building blocks of matter. Stars are flying away from us far faster than anyone can explain. After decades of fruitless searching, could we finally be catching glimpses of a profound new view of our physical world? Or are we being fooled by cruel tricks of the data? In Space Oddities, Harry Cliff, a physicist who does cutting-edge work on the Large Hadron Collider, provides a riveting look at the universe’s most confounding puzzles. In a journey that spans continents, from telescopes perched high above the Atacama Desert to the subterranean caverns of state-of-the-art particle colliders to balloons hovering over the frozen icesheets of the South Pole, he meets the men and women hunting for answers—who have staked their careers and reputations on the uncertain promise of new physics. The result is a mind-expanding, of-the-moment look at the fields of physics and cosmology as they transform before us. With wonder, clarity, and a dose of humor, Cliff investigates the question: Are these anomalies accidents of nature, or could they be pointing us toward vast, hidden worlds?
£23.20
Taylor & Francis Ltd Advances in Nonlinear Dynamos 1 The Fluid
Book SynopsisNonlinear dynamo theory is central to understanding the magnetic structures of planets, stars and galaxies. In chapters contributed by some of the leading scientists in the field, this text explores some of the recent advances in the field. Both kinetic and dynamic approaches to the subject are considered, including fast dynamos, topological methods in dynamo theory, physics of the solar cycle and the fundamentals of mean field dynamo. Advances in Nonlinear Dynamos is ideal for graduate students and researchers in theoretical astrophysics and applied mathematics, particularly those interested in cosmic magnetism and related topics, such as turbulence, convection, and more general nonlinear physics.Table of ContentsThe Field, the Mean and the Meaning. Fast Dynamos. On the Theory of Convection in the Earth's Core. Dynamo Action of Magnetostropic Waves. Magnetic Flux Tubes and the Dynamo Problem. Physics of the Solar Cycle. Highly Supercritical Convection in Strong Magnetic Fields. Thin Aspect Ratio Alpha-Omega-Dynamos in Galactic Disks and Stellar Shells. Computational Aspects of Astrophysical MHD and Turbulence. Topological Quantities in Magnetohydrodynamics.
£215.00
John Wiley & Sons Inc The Physics of Stars
Book SynopsisThe Physics of Stars, Second Edition, is a concise introduction to the properties of stellar interiors and consequently the structure and evolution of stars. Strongly emphasising the basic physics, simple and uncomplicated theoretical models are used to illustrate clearly the connections between fundamental physics and stellar properties.Table of ContentsBasic Concepts in Astrophysics. Properties of Matter and Radiation. Heat Transfer in Stars. Thermonuclear Fusion in Stars. Stellar Structure. The Endpoints of Stellar Evolution. Helioseismology. Hints to Selected Problems. Bibliography. Index.
£999.99
Cambridge University Press Astrophysical Flows
Book SynopsisDeveloped from a course in astrophysical fluid dynamics, this graduate textbook, first published in 2007, provides a basic understanding of the fluid dynamical processes relevant to astrophysics. Covering topics including wave propagation, shocks, spherical flows and stellar oscillations, this book is suitable for graduate students in astrophysics, physics and applied mathematics.Trade Review'[the book] emphasizes the essential physics behind the mathematical results. … the authors … give a flavour of all [the] problems without getting into all the mathematical complexities of a full treatment. … in each case [they] give a physical discussion of the problem, to explain what result one expects to emerge from the mathematics … Most chapters contain references for further in-depth reading on the topics outlined in the text, and some more detailed material is also present in the end-of-chapter problems … this is a very useful book for new graduate students and it also gives new insights to those of us with more experience; I wish it had been available when I was learning the subject.' The ObservatoryTable of Contents1. The basic fluid equations; 2. Compressible media; 3. Spherically symmetric flows; 4. Stellar models and stellar oscillations; 5. Stellar oscillations - waves in stratified media; 6. Damping and excitation of stellar oscillations; 7. Magnetic instability in a static atmosphere; 8. Thermal instabilities; 9. Gravitational instability; 10. Linear shear flows; 11. Rotating flows; 12. Circular shear flow with self-gravity; 13. Modes in rotating stars; 14. Cylindrical shear flow - non-axisymmetric instability; References; Index.
£71.99
Random House USA Inc The Future of Humanity
Book Synopsis
£15.30
Random House USA Inc The Grand Design
Book Synopsis
£16.88
Random House USA Inc A Briefer History of Time
Book Synopsis
£18.70
Princeton University Press Modern Astrodynamics
Book SynopsisDiscusses some techniques used to obtain numerical solutions of the equations of motion for planets and satellites. This book also introduces the two-body problem and solves it by developing six integrals of the motion, starting from Newton's three laws of motion and his law of gravitation and then using vector algebra to develop the integrals.Trade Review"The book brings primarily a very good theoretical insight into modern problems of astrodynamics. Moreover, it brings even a survey of numerical methods to be used to solve practical orbital problems."--Space Science ReviewsTable of ContentsPreface1Background32The Two-Body Problem123Kepler's Laws314Methods of Computation405The f and g Functions586Two-Point Boundary Value Problems817Applications918Perturbation Theory1179Special Perturbation Methods14710Runge-Kutta Methods18411Types of Perturbations198Appendixes215A. Coordinate Transformations217B. Hyperbolic Motion225C. Conic Sections230D. Transfer-Angle Resolution233E. Stumpff Functions236F. Orbit Geometry239References243Index247
£110.50
Princeton University Press Echo of the Big Bang
Book SynopsisLaunched in 2001, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) reported its results two years later with a set of observations that added focus, detail, and insight to our fuzzy view of the cosmos. This work tells the story of WMAP and its revelations. It is both a personal and a scientific tale of discovery.Trade Review"The exciting story of the quest to detect, record, and understand [cosmic background] relic radiation from the creation of the cosmos. In the book, Time magazine's senior science writer, Michael D. Lemonick, gives a concise but complete background on the birth of cosmology in the early 20th century. He covers everything from Hubble's observations of the expanding universe to the theoretical predictions of the afterglow... Echo of the Big Bang is well written and nicely paced, and in addition to the science coverage, readers get an inside view of NASA and the social interactions (sometimes strained) of the scientists who work there."--Jennifer Birriel, Astronomy "The author clearly has a flair for writing about popular science. His explanations of the (sometimes difficult) physics are admirably clear and the text is peppered with well turned phrases. As a breezy and engaging introduction to the basics of Big Bang cosmology it is highly recommended."--Peter Coles, Physics World "Lemonick tells the epic story of MAP and the dedicated band of scientist and engineers who made it happen."--Marcus Chown, New Scientist "Michael Lemonick has admirably documented a space mission that fulfilled its promise... Echo of the Big Bang should be welcomed by aficionados of popular-level cosmology. It explains with remarkable clarity numerous key concepts... It amply illustrates the importance of crossing disciplinary boundaries."--Joshua Roth, Sky & Telescope "Lemonick has written an exciting story of both science and personal politics."--Choice "This is a stunning revelation. A bombshell for theorists trying to figure out a theory of everything. When, and if, the nature of the invisible ingredients of the cosmos is unmasked it is obvious that physics will never again be the same... [A] fascinating story ... brilliantly told by Michael Lemonick."--Colin Keay, The Physicist "I found this book to be simply wonderful. Lemonick uses broad strokes to paint the cosmologists' view of the universe, and he lets us see the inside story of those who seek answers to the big questions. It would be a great read for anyone wishing to keep current on where cosmology is headed."--Terry Johnson, PlanetarianTable of ContentsCHAPTER 1 Is Something Amiss in the Universe? 1 CHAPTER 2 The Birth of Cosmology 15 CHAPTER 3 A Whisper of Microwaves 37 CHAPTER 4 Bad Blood 63 CHAPTER 5 Now What? 73 CHAPTER 6 Forming a Team 83 CHAPTER 7 How to Design a Satellite 100 CHAPTER 8 The Build 128 CHAPTER 9 Horse Race 142 CHAPTER 10 Launch 155 CHAPTER 11 Deepening Mystery 168 CHAPTER 12 The Answer 190 Glossary 203 Acknowledgments 207 Index 211
£23.75
Princeton University Press The Physics of Neutrinos
Book SynopsisThe physics of neutrinos - uncharged elementary particles that are key to helping us better understand the nature of our universe. This title shows how studies of neutrinos produced by such phenomena as cosmic rays in the atmosphere and nuclear reactions in the solar interior to provide striking evidence that neutrinos have mass.Trade Review'This is a very useful book written by notable experts in the field. It covers all aspects of the theory, phenomenology, experiment, and astrophysical implications of neutrinos."—Paul Langacker, professor emeritus, University of Pennsylvania"This book provides a comprehensive snapshot of the current state of neutrino physics, and is a useful reference for particle physicists and astrophysicists who are interested in learning what has been going on in the field. All three authors have played a major role in advancing our understanding of neutrino physics, and are very well positioned to write a book on the subject."—André de Gouvêa, Northwestern UniversityTable of ContentsPreface xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Neutrino Basics 11 2.1 Dirac and Majorana Neutrinos 11 2.2 Neutrino Counting 12 2.3 Neutrinos from Weak Decays 14 2.4 Neutrino Cross Sections 16 2.5 Neutrino Detectors 24 2.6 Neutrino Beams 28 3 Neutrino Mixing and Oscillations 33 3.1 Vacuum Oscillations 33 3.2 Matter Effects on Oscillations 36 3.3 Solar Neutrino Oscillations 38 3.4 Long-baseline Oscillations through the Earth 41 3.5 Matter Effects for Sterile Neutrinos 42 3.6 Decoherence 43 4 Solar Neutrinos 45 4.1 Origin of Solar Neutrinos 45 4.2 Solar Neutrino Experiments 46 4.3 KamLAND 49 4.4 Solar/Reactor Neutrino Parameters 49 4.5 Flux-independent Tests 53 4.6 Future Experiments 56 4.7 Geoneutrinos 57 5 Atmospheric Neutrinos 59 5.1 Atmospheric Neutrino Experiments 59 5.2 Matter Effects for Atmospheric Neutrinos 63 5.3 Long-baseline Neutrino Experiments 64 6 Global Three-neutrino Fits 68 7 Absolute Neutrino Mass 71 7.1 Beta Decay 71 7.2 Cosmological Limits 72 7.3 Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay 73 8 Long-baseline Neutrino Oscillations 76 8.1 Conventional Neutrino Beams 77 8.2 Reactor Experiments 80 8.3 Superbeams 85 8.4 Neutrino Factories 87 8.5 Beta Beams 91 8.6 Comparing Long-baseline Experiments 92 8.7 T and CPT Symmetries 97 9 Model Building 99 9.1 The Seesaw Mechanism 99 9.2 Patterns of Neutrino Masses and Mixings 102 9.3 GUT Models 105 9.4 Non-GUT-specific Models 107 9.5 Leptogenesis 114 10 Supernova Neutrinos 116 10.1 General Description of a Supernova 116 10.2 Neutrino Fluxes from the SN Core 118 10.3 Flavor Swapping from Collective Effects 119 10.4 MSW Conversions in a Supernova 120 10.5 Detection of Supernova Neutrinos 122 10.6 Supernova Relic Neutrinos 124 11 High-energy Astrophysical Neutrinos 126 11.1 Cosmogenic Neutrinos 126 11.2 IceCube 128 11.3 Waxman-Bahcall Flux 132 11.4 Ultra High-energy Neutrino Cross Sections 133 11.5 Z-burst Mechanism 134 11.6 Astrophysical Neutrino Flavor Content 135 11.7 Neutrinos from Dark Matter Annihilation 138 12 Beyond Three Neutrinos 147 12.1 LSND Experiment 147 12.2 MiniBooNE Experiment 152 12.3 Mass-varying Neutrinos 158 12.4 Neutrino Decay 161 12.5 Neutrino Decoherence 163 12.6 Lorentz Invariance Violation 164 12.7 Non-standard Neutrino Interactions 166 12.8 Heavy Majorana Neutrinos at Colliders 169 12.9 Neutrino Magnetic Moment 170 12.10 Fourth Generation Neutrino 171 13 Summary and Outlook 172 References 177 Index 221
£106.20
Princeton University Press Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging
Book SynopsisCovers various aspects of the field of spacecraft charging, ranging from secondary and backscattered electrons, spacecraft charging in Maxwellian plasmas, effective mitigation techniques, and potential wells and barriers to operational anomalies, meteors, and neutral gas release.Trade Review"Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging is by a well-known leader in the field and provides a comprehensive, unique, and useful addition to the subject. Several sections, particularly the review and discussion of dielectric breakdown, are of particular interest. This book will be valuable as an introductory text or as a reference for those seeking details on specific aspects of charging."—Henry B. Garrett, coauthor of Spacecraft-Environment Interactions"Spacecraft charging has raised many interesting issues for engineers and scientists since the first observations in space. Accessible to a wide range of readers, Shu Lai's book offers a comprehensive survey of key materials on this multifaceted topic."—Alain Hilgers, European Space Research and Technology Centre"Lai's compendium of surface and dielectric spacecraft charging ranges from the basic causes and controlling factors to the effects of secondary electron emission, and the formation of space charge potential wells and barriers. He considers the effects of charged particle beam emission from spacecraft, and the use of plasma sources as 'contactors' to limit charging. Finally, he shows the consequences, from discharges owing to differential charging, to resulting operational anomalies, and offers a suite of effective mitigation techniques."—Thomas E. Moore, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center"This book is by far and away the most comprehensive reference on the physics of spacecraft charging, which can be destructive for a spacecraft. The text is clear and straightforward and explores all the myriad facets of this phenomenon. I will use it in my teaching."—Daniel E. Hastings, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyTable of ContentsPreface xi Prologue: The Earth's Space Plasma Environment P.1 The Solar Wind xiii P.2 The Magnetosphere xiii P.3 Geomagnetic Substorms xiii P.4 Plasma Density xv P.5 The Ionosphere xvi P.6 The Auroral Region xvi P.7 The Radiation Belts xviii P.8 Relevance of the Space Plasma Environment to Spacecraft Charging xviii P.9 References xx Chapter 1: Introduction to Spacecraft Charging 1.1 What Is Spacecraft Charging? 1 1.2 What Are Some Effects of Spacecraft Charging? 2 1.3 How Does Spacecraft Charging Occur? 4 1.4 Capacitance Charging 5 1.5 Other Currents 6 1.6 Where Does Spacecraft Charging Occur? 6 1.7 Exercises 9 1.8 References 10 Chapter 2: The Spacecraft as a Langmuir Probe 2.1 Orbit-Limited Attraction 11 2.2 Current Collection in Spherical Geometry 12 2.3 Current Collection in Cylindrical Geometry 13 2.4 Current Collection in Plane Geometry 13 2.5 Remarks 14 2.6 Boltzmann's Repulsion Factor 14 2.7 Child-Langmuir Saturation Current 15 2.8 Exercises 16 2.9 References 17 Chapter 3: Secondary and Backscattered Electrons 3.1 Secondary Electron Emission 18 3.2 Backscattered Electrons 20 3.3 Total Contribution of Electron Emissions 20 3.4 Remarks 22 3.5 Dependence on Incident Angle 22 3.6 Remarks on Empirical Formulae 23 3.7 Exercises 23 3.8 References 24 Chapter 4: Spacecraft Charging in a Maxwellian Plasma 4.1 Velocity Distribution 25 4.2 Critical Temperature for the Onset of Spacecraft Charging: Physical Reasoning 26 4.3 Balance of Currents 26 4.4 Charging Level 29 4.5 Equation of Current Balance in the Orbit-Limited Regime 30 4.6 Comparison with Real Satellite Data 31 4.7 Exercises 32 4.8 References 33 Chapter 5: Spacecraft Charging in a Double Maxwellian Plasma 5.1 A General Theorem on Multiple Roots 35 5.2 Double Maxwellian Space Plasma 35 5.3 Triple-Root Situation of Spacecraft Potential 36 5.4 Physical Interpretation of Triple-Root Situation 40 5.5 Triple-Root Jump in Spacecraft Potential 41 5.6 Hysteresis 42 5.7 Triple-Root Spacecraft Charging Domains 42 5.8 Exercises 46 5.9 References 46 Chapter 6: Potential Wells and Barriers 6.1 Introduction 48 6.2 Formation of Potential Wells and Barriers 48 6.3 Effects of Potential Barriers on Electron or Ion Distribution Functions 51 6.4 Interpretation of Experimental Data 51 6.5 Double Maxwellian Distribution Formed by a Potential Barrier 52 6.6 Bootstrap Charging 53 6.7 Charging in Spacecraft Wakes 56 6.8 Exercises 58 6.9 References 58 Chapter 7: Spacecraft Charging in Sunlight 7.1 Photoelectron Current 60 7.2 Surface Reflectance 60 7.3 The Prominent Solar Spectral Line 62 7.4 Can Spacecraft Charging to Negative Voltages Occur in Sunlight? 62 7.5 Spacecraft Charging to Positive Potentials 63 7.6 The Photoemission Current at Negative Spacecraft Potentials 63 7.7 The Monopole-Dipole Potential 65 7.8 Fraction of Photoemission Current Trapped 67 7.9 Competition between Monopole and Dipole 68 7.10 Measurement of Spacecraft Potential in Sunlight 68 7.11 Exercises 69 7.12 References 70 Chapter 8: Space Tethers, Plasma Contactors, and Sheath Ionization 8.1 Lorentz Force 71 8.2 Tether Moving across Ambient Magnetic Field 71 8.3 Bare and Conducting Tether 73 8.4 Floating Potential of Plasma Contactor 75 8.5 Sheath Model 75 8.6 Sheath Ionization 77 8.7 Numerical Method for Sheath Ionization Model 79 8.8 Results of Sheath Ionization 80 8.9 Comparison of Theory with Space Experiment 81 8.10 Exercises 82 8.11 References 82 Chapter 9: Surface Charging Induced by Electron Beam Impact 9.1 Impact Energy of an Electron Beam 84 9.2 Electron Beam Impact on an Initially Uncharged Surface 85 9.3 Electron Impact on an Initially Negatively Charged Surface 85 9.4 Electron Impact on an Initially Positively Charged Surface 87 9.5 Summary 89 9.6 Limitation 89 9.7 Exercises 89 9.8 References 90 Chapter 10: Spacecraft Charging Induced by Electron Beam Emission 10.1 Current Balance without Beam Emission 91 10.2 Electron Beam Emission 92 10.3 Charging to Positive Potentials 93 10.4 Remarks 94 10.5 Exercises 95 10.6 References 96 Chapter 11: Supercharging 11.1 Charging Induced by Large Beam Current Emission 97 11.2 Supercharging 99 11.3 Physical Interpretation of Experimental Results 99 11.4 Surface Charging of Booms 100 11.5 Summary 101 11.6 Exercises 101 11.7 References 102 Chapter 12: Ion Beam Emission from Spacecraft 12.1 Active Control of Spacecraft Potential 103 12.2 Return of Ion Beam 105 12.3 Lower Limit of the Reduced Potential 106 12.4 Space Charge Effect 106 12.5 Charge Exchange in Charged Particle Beams 108 12.6 Chemical Reactions in Ion Beams 110 12.7 Ion Beam in Sunlight 110 12.8 Exercises 112 12.9 References 112 Chapter 13: Discharges on Spacecraft 13.1 Introduction 114 13.2 Location of Discharges on Spacecraft 114 13.3 Surface Discharge Scaling Law 116 13.4 Differential Charging 116 13.5 "Brush Fire" Discharge 117 13.6 Paschen and Non-Paschen Discharges 118 13.7 The Townsend Criterion 119 13.8 Remark on Threshold Voltage 121 13.9 Time Evolution of a Discharge 121 13.10 Laboratory Observations on Discharges 122 13.11 Discharges Initiated by Meteor or Debris Impacts 123 13.12 Exercises 124 13.13 References 124 Chapter 14: Energetic Particle Penetration into Matter 14.1 Introduction 126 14.2 High-Energy Charged Particle Penetration into Solids 126 14.3 Physics of High-Energy Charged Particle Penetration into Matter 127 14.4 The Bohr Model of Charged Particle Interaction 127 14.5 Stopping Power 129 14.6 The Bethe-Bloch Equation 129 14.7 Range and Penetration Distance 130 14.8 Approximate Penetration Depth Formula 132 14.9 Effects of Charged Particle Penetration 133 14.10 Effects on Astronauts 134 14.11 Research Questions in High-Energy Penetration of Charged Particles into Matter 134 14.12 Exercises 134 14.13 References 135 Chapter 15: Spacecraft Anomalies 15.1 Introduction 137 15.2 Space Anomalies due to Surface Charging 137 15.3 Energy of Surface Discharge 139 15.4 Correlation with Space Environment 140 15.5 Evidence of Deep Dielectric Charging on CRRES 140 15.6 Conclusive Evidence of Deep Dielectric Charging 141 15.7 Anomalies Observed on Twin Satellites in the Radiation Belts 142 15.8 Exercises 144 15.9 References 145 Chapter 16: Deep Dielectric Charging 16.1 Introduction 146 16.2 The Importance of Deep Dielectric Charging 146 16.3 High-Energy Electron and Ion Fluxes 147 16.4 Penetration of High-Energy Charges into Materials 148 16.5 Properties of Dielectrics 149 16.6 Observations Attributed to Deep Dielectric Charging 153 16.7 Avalanche Ionization in a High Electric Field 154 16.8 Related Questions and Related Mechanisms 155 16.9 The Mott Transition 156 16.10 The Poole-Frenkel High Electric Field Effect 158 16.11 Zener Breakdown 158 16.12 Electron Fluence 160 16.13 Critical Fluence for Deep Dielectric Charging 161 16.14 Charge Density with Leakage 161 16.15 A Remark on Spacecraft Anomalies 161 16.16 Effect of Electrons Deposited inside Electronics 162 16.17 Exercises 163 16.18 References 164 Chapter 17: Charging Mitigation Methods 17.1 Introduction 166 17.2 Sharp Spike Method 166 17.3 Hot Filament Emission Method 168 17.4 Conducting Grid Method 169 17.5 Partially Conducting Paint/Surface Method 169 17.6 High Secondary Electron Yield Method 169 17.7 Electron and Ion Emission Method 169 17.8 The DSCS Charge Control Experiment 171 17.9 Vaporization Method 172 17.10 Deep Dielectric Charging 172 17.11 Exercises 172 17.12 References 173 Chapter 18: Introduction to Meteors 18.1 Size Distribution 175 18.2 Meteor Showers 175 18.3 Meteor Velocity Limits 177 18.4 Nonshower Meteors 179 18.5 Debris 179 18.6 Meteor Composition 180 18.7 Exercises 180 18.8 References 180 Chapter 19: Meteor Impacts 19.1 Kinetic Energy of Meteoric Particles 182 19.2 Depth of Penetration 182 19.3 Mitigation of Meteoric Impacts 186 19.4 Meteor Shields 186 19.5 Impact Probability of Meteors 187 19.6 Perturbation of Angular Momentum 188 19.7 Secondary Electrons and Ions by Neutral Particle Impact 188 19.8 Plasma Generation by Neutral Particle Impact 188 19.9 Sudden Spacecraft Discharge Hazards 189 19.10 Summary 191 19.11 Exercises 191 19.12 References 191 Chapter 20: Neutral Gas Release 20.1 Ionization and Recombination 194 20.2 Critical Ionization Velocity 197 20.3 Neutral Beam Stripping 199 20.4 Exercises 201 20.5 References 201 Appendixes and Addenda Appendix 1: Drift of Hot Electrons 205 Appendix 2: Transformation of Coordinates 214 Appendix 3: Normalization and Dimension of Maxwellian Distribution 215 Appendix 4: Flux Integrals 217 Appendix 5: Energy Distribution 219 Appendix 6: Sheath Engulfment 220 Appendix 7: PN Junctions 225 Appendix 8: Probability Function 229 Addendum 1: Computer Software for Spacecraft Charging Calculations 231 Addendum 2: Spacecraft Charging at Jupiter and Saturn 236 Addendum 3: Physical Constants and Conventions 240 Acknowledgments 243 Index 245
£85.00
Princeton University Press Essential Radio Astronomy
Book SynopsisEssential Radio Astronomy is the only textbook on the subject specifically designed for a one-semester introductory course for advanced undergraduates or graduate students in astronomy and astrophysics. It starts from first principles in order to fill gaps in students' backgrounds, make teaching easier for professors who are not expert radio astronTrade Review"[Essential Radio Astronomy] should be on the reference shelves of all major universities and research institutes."--Choice
£75.60
Princeton University Press How Did the First Stars and Galaxies Form
Book SynopsisCovers the basic concepts in cosmology, drawing on insights from an astronomer who has pioneered much of this research over the years. This book covers such topics as the gravitational growth of perturbations in an expanding universe, the abundance and properties of dark matter halos and galaxies, and reionization.Trade ReviewWinner of the 2012 Chambliss Astronomical Writing Award, American Astronomical Society "[E]ngaging, fast-paced... Loeb's infectious excitement stirs desire to join him in these endeavors... [R]eaders will find How Did the First Stars and Galaxies Form? a lucid introduction to an exciting research field that is set to flourish in the next decades."--Science "Hands up everyone who can answer the question Loeb poses in the title of his small but sprightly book. No, not just the basics: big bang, cosmic inflation, lights, camera, action. Me neither. Harvard University astrophysicist and cosmologist Abraham Loeb can, and he does in this latest installment of the Princeton Frontiers in Physics series. While the book targets potential cosmologists and scientists, general readers will enjoy the non-technical chapters."--Australian "Anyone interested in an introduction to this dramatic story, be they academic or educated nonprofessional, would do well to start with Loeb's book. It contains only the most important equations in the field, and its general level of mathematical sophistication is compatible with introductory courses in calculus or mathematical physics. This small book is a gem belonging to an almost extinct genre: intermediate-level monographs that are both accessible to educated non-specialists in the field and tightly focused on a problem."--Milan M. Cirkovic, American Journal of Physics "Loeb, a leading theoretical cosmologist, has written a lucid account of the relevant physics, beginning with a brief review of cosmological models based on Einstein's general relativity equations."--ChoiceTable of ContentsPREFACE xi Chapter 1: Prologue: The Big Picture 1 1.1 In the Beginning 1 1.2 Observing the Story of Genesis 2 1.3 Practical Benefits from the Big Picture 5 Chapter 2: Standard Cosmological Model 8 2.1 Cosmic Perspective 8 2.2 Past and Future of Our Universe 11 2.3 Gravitational Instability 15 2.4 Geometry of Space 16 2.5 Cosmic Archaeology 18 2.6 Milestones in Cosmic Evolution 23 2.7 Most Matter Is Dark 30 Chapter 3: The First Gas Clouds 35 3.1 Growing the Seed Fluctuations 36 3.2 The Smallest Gas Condensations 43 3.3 Spherical Collapse and Halo Properties 45 3.4 Abundance of Dark Matter Halos 50 3.5 Cooling and Chemistry 59 3.6 Sheets, Filaments, and Only Then, Galaxies 61 Chapter 4: The First Stars and Black Holes 64 4.1 Metal-Free Stars 65 4.2 Properties of the First Stars 74 4.3 The First Black Holes and Quasars 78 4.4 Gamma-Ray Bursts: The Brightest Explosions 89 Chapter 5: The Reionization of Cosmic Hydrogen by the First Galaxies 95 5.1 Ionization Scars by the First Stars 95 5.2 Propagation of Ionization Fronts 98 5.3 Swiss Cheese Topology 111 Chapter 6: Observing the First Galaxies 116 6.1 Theories and Observations 116 6.2 Completing Our Photo Album of the Universe 117 6.3 Cosmic Time Machine 119 6.4 The Hubble Deep Field and Its Follow-Ups 125 6.5 Observing the First Gamma-Ray Bursts 129 6.6 Future Telescopes 133 Chapter 7: Imaging the Diffuse Fog of Cosmic Hydrogen 136 7.1 Hydrogen 136 7.2 The Lyman-? Line 137 7.3 The 21-cm Line 140 7.4 Observing Most of the Observable Volume 156 Chapter 8: Epilogue: From Our Galaxy's Past to Its Future 159 8.1 End of Extragalactic Astronomy 159 8.2 Milky Way + Andromeda = Milkomeda 164 APPENDIX: USEFUL NUMBERS 171 NOTES 173 RECOMMENDED FURTHER READING 181 GLOSSARY 183 INDEX 189
£31.50
Princeton University Press From Dust to Life
Book SynopsisTells the story of how the celestial objects that make up the solar system arose from common beginnings billions of years ago, and how scientists and philosophers have sought to unravel this mystery down through the centuries, piecing together the clues that enabled them to deduce the solar system's layout, its age, and the likely way it formed.Trade Review"[T]here is much solid information to be gleaned from careful reading."--Publishers Weekly "[A] stellar read."--Nature "In this grand chronicle of the science behind the origins of our 4.6-billion-year-old Solar System, John Chambers and Jacqueline Mitton peruse everything from the giant collision thought to have formed our Moon to the nature of meteorites."--Rosalind Metcalfe, Nature "This is not your average tour of our solar system. Using clear, relatively jargon-free language, Chambers and Mitton provide a comprehensive examination of our current understanding of its formation, which should readily appeal to the general reader who enjoys scientific detail without getting into equations."--Library Journal "I recently built an app about the solar system, and my research would have been made a lot easier if I had possessed a copy of this excellent book. It provides a truly comprehensive overview of our solar system's origins and is written in plain, jargon-free language."--Marcus Chown, New Scientist "Chambers and Mitton stay focused on the science in From Dust to Life: unlike other books that create narratives around the scientists, they discuss the science and the history of its development, rather than the individuals who made it possible. That's a worthwhile trade: while there have been, and are today, interesting people studying the formation of the solar system, the science is even more fascinating as we find out just how complex the process is to turn a cloud of gas and dust into a star and planets."--Jeff Foust, Space Review "[I]ncredibly thorough and detailed, yet very accessible to non-scientists too... [A] compelling overview of the evolution of the Solar System."--Katia Moskvitch, BBC Sky at Night "Read From Dust to Life to gain a fascinating perspective on the current state of the science behind solar system formation."--David Dickinson, Astro Guys blog "This wild ride across the cosmos and through time covers a lot of territory but isn't merely a laundry list of observations. Instead, readers will find one lucid explanation piggybacked onto another... The authors, a planetary scientist and a space science writer, make celestial mechanics comprehensible even to readers with more curiosity than scientific background. Yet there are still insights for those who regularly pore over the astronomy stories in Science News. Best of all, the authors help readers glimpse the why of it all."--Science News "This book ... is accessible to a scientifically literate general reader... The author team is eminently qualified ... one is a well-known planetary scientist and the other an experienced science writer. The result of their efforts is a highly readable book."--Star Formation Newsletter "Chambers and Mitton present a well-researched, detailed, big-picture overview of the solar system that shows how all of people's observations of its contents contribute to a coherent model for its origin. The authors place the modern theory and latest observations in historical context by beginning each chapter with an overview of the development of these scientific ideas from their beginning."--Choice "This book is up-to date, thorough, and authoritative. It revels in the latest discussions and controversies... It is a joy to read and is accessible to any student with a scientific background... Read this book. Join the cosmogonists and help change the cosmogony/cosmology ratio."--David W. Hughes, Observatory "For the interested amateur with a degree of familiarity with the topics under discussion, From Dust to Life furnishes a comprehensive overview of current models for the formation of the solar system... Genuinely exciting."--Cait MacPhee, Times Higher EducationTable of ContentsList of Illustrations xi Preface xv ONE Cosmic Archaeology 1 A fascination with the past 1 A solar system to explain 3 Real worlds 9 Winding back the clock 12 Putting the pieces together 16 TWO Discovering the Solar System 19 Measuring the solar system 19 From wandering gods to geometrical constructions 22 The Sun takes center stage 25 Laws and order 27 Gravity rules 29 The missing planet 31 Asteroids enter the scene 34 Rocks in space 36 Uranus behaving badly 37 Completing the inventory 40 THREE An Evolving Solar System 43 A changing world 43 A nebulous idea begins to take shape 44 The nebular hypothesis in trouble 48 A chance encounter? 50 Nebular theory resurrected 54 FOUR The Question of Timing 56 Reading the cosmic clock 57 Early estimates: ingenious--but wrong 57 Geology versus physics 58 Radioactivity changes everything 61 Hubble and the age of the universe 63 How radioactive timers work 64 Meteorites hold the key 68 Dating the Sun 71 The age of the universe revisited 73 FIVE Meteorites 75 A dramatic entrance 75 Where do meteorites come from? 76 Irons and stones 80 Identifying the parents 83 Lunar and Martian meteorites 86 A rare and precious resource 87 What meteorites can tell us 88 SIX Cosmic Chemistry 92 Element 43: first a puzzle then a clue 92 An abundance of elements 94 The first elements 96 Cooking in the stellar furnace 98 Building heavier elements 104 Supernovae 105 SEVEN A Star Is Born 108 A child of the Milky Way 108 Where stars are born 110 First steps to a solar system 113 The solar system's birth environment 119 Essential ingredients 121 EIGHT Nursery for Planets 123 An excess of infrared 123 Two kinds of disks 125 Inside the solar nebula 129 Getting the dust to stick 131 The influence of gas 134 How to build planetesimals 135 The demise of the disk 137 NINE Worlds of Rock and Metal 140 Sisters but not twins 140 The era of planetesimals 141 Planetary embryos take over 144 The final four 147 Earth 148 Mercury 153 Venus 158 Mars 161 TEN the Making of the Moon 168 The Moon today 169 What the Moon is made of 170 The Moon's orbit 172 The fission theory 174 The capture hypothesis 175 The coaccretion hypothesis 176 The giant impact hypothesis 177 Encounter with Theia 179 Earth, Moon, and tidal forces 181 Late heavy bombardment 183 ELEVEN Earth, Cradle of Life 186 The Hadean era 186 The tree of life 191 The building blocks of life 193 The rise of oxygen 196 A favorable climate 199 Snowball Earth 202 Future habitability 204 TWELVE Worlds of Gas and Ice 205 Giants of the solar system 205 Building giants by core accretion 211 The disk instability model 214 Spin and tilt 215 Masters of many moons 217 Formation of regular satellites 219 The origin of irregular satellites 220 Rings 221 THIRTEEN What Happened to the Asteroid Belt? 225 The asteroid belt today 225 Ground down by collisions? 226 Emptied by gravity? 229 Asteroid families 231 The missing mantle problem 233 Asteroids revealed as worlds 236 FOURTEEN The Outermost Solar System 242 Where do comets come from? 242 Centaurs 246 Looking beyond Neptune 247 The Kuiper belt 248 Sedna 251 The nature of trans-Neptunian objects 252 Where have all the Plutos gone? 256 The Nice model 259 FIFTEEN Epilogue: Paradigms, Problems, and Predictions 263 The paradigm: solar system evolution in a nutshell 264 Unsolved puzzles 267 Searching the solar system for answers 268 Other planetary systems 271 Future evolution of the solar system 273 Glossary 277 Sources and Further Reading 291 Index 293
£25.20
Princeton University Press Exoplanet Atmospheres Physical Processes
Book SynopsisDescribes the basic physical processes - including radiative transfer, molecular absorption, and chemical processes - common to the various planetary atmospheres, as well as the transit, eclipse, and thermal phase variation observations that are unique to exoplanets.Trade Review"Seager provides an excellent contribution to the Princeton Series in Astrophysics, which will appeal to graduate students and working professionals in astronomy."--Choice "The author, an acknowledged leader in the field, has written a text intended for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professional astronomers. The book is organized topically, and could easily be used alone or as part of a more general course in thermodynamics or radiation astrophysics... This is an excellent resource... The author's clear explanations are easy to follow."--April S. Whitt, Planetarian "As a basic textbook for an introductory course in atmospheric physics for undergraduates this book is fine; it's nicely and clearly written and includes model exam questions."--F. W. Taylor, Observatory "The book will certainly provide a useful starting point for what I suspect will be the increasing number of scientists wishing to work on the physics of exoplanets."--Jonathan Tennyson, Contemporary PhysicsTable of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Exoplanets from Afar 1 1.2 Two Paths to Observing Exoplanet Atmospheres 2 1.3 Types of Planets 4 Chapter 2: Intensity and Flux 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Intensity 9 2.3 Flux and Other Intensity Moments 10 2.4 Surface Flux 11 2.5 Observed Flux 14 2.6 Luminosity and Outgoing Energy 16 2.7 Incident Flux and Incident Energy 17 2.8 Black Body Intensity and Black Body Flux 19 2.9 Lambert Surface 20 2.10 Summary 22 Chapter 3: Temperature, Albedos, and Flux Ratios 25 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Energy Balance 25 3.3 Planetary Temperatures 27 3.4 Planetary Albedos 32 3.5 Planet-Star Flux Ratios 40 3.6 Planetary Phase Curves 45 3.7 Summary 47 Chapter 4: Composition of a Planetary Atmosphere 51 4.1 Introduction 51 4.2 Composition of Earth's and Jupiter's Atmospheres 51 4.3 Chemical Composition 56 4.4 Basic Cloud Physics 66 4.5 Atmospheric Escape 72 4.6 Atmospheric Evolution 81 4.7 Summary 83 Chapter 5: Radiative Transfer I: Fundamentals 87 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2 Opacity 87 5.3 Optical Depth 91 5.4 Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium 93 5.5 The Source Function 96 5.6 The Equation of Radiative Transfer 96 5.7 Summary 100 Chapter 6: Radiative Transfer II: Solutions 103 6.1 Introduction 103 6.2 A Conceptual Description of the Emergent Spectrum 103 6.3 An Introduction to Line Formation 108 6.4 Approximate Solutions to the Plane-Parallel Radiative Transfer Equation 113 6.5 Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer 125 6.6 Summary 127 Chapter 7: Polarization 133 7.1 Introduction 133 7.2 Description of Polarized Radiation 134 7.3 Polarization Calculations 138 7.4 Polarization from Planets 140 7.5 Summary 143 Chapter 8: Opacities 145 8.1 Introduction 145 8.2 Energy Levels in Atoms and Molecules 146 8.3 Molecular Absorption Cross Sections 161 8.4 Rayleigh Scattering 166 8.5 Condensate Opacities 167 8.6 Summary 176 Chapter 9: Vertical Thermal Structure of a Planetary Atmosphere 181 9.1 Introduction 181 9.2 Earth's Vertical Atmospheric Structure 181 9.3 Hydrostatic Equilibrium and the Pressure Scale Height 183 9.4 Surface Temperature for a Simplified Atmosphere 186 9.5 Convection versus Radiation 190 9.6 The Radiative Equilibrium Temperature Profile 192 9.7 The Adiabatic Temperature Profile 200 9.8 The One-Dimensional Temperature-Pressure Profile 202 9.9 Temperature Retrieval 205 9.10 Summary 207 10.Atmospheric Circulation 211 10.1 Introduction 211 10.2 Radiative and Advective Timescales 213 10.3 Large-Scale Flow and Patterns 215 10.4 Atmospheric Dynamics Equations 218 10.5 Connection to Observations 223 10.6 Summary 225 11.Atmospheric Biosignatures 229 11.1 Introduction 229 11.2 Earth's Biosignatures 229 11.3 The Ideal Biosignature Gas 230 11.4 Prospects 231 11.5 Summary 234 A. Planetary Data 237 Index 241
£55.80
Princeton University Press What Does a Black Hole Look Like
Book SynopsisEmitting no radiation or any other kind of information, black holes mark the edge of the universe - both physically and in our scientific understanding. Yet astronomers have found clear evidence for the existence of black holes, employing the same tools and techniques used to explore other celestial objects. This title deals with this topic.Trade Review"This book goes straight to the heart of astronomical intuition and evidence about black holes. Written in a highly accessible style, it provides enough information to educate an undergraduate astronomy or physics major without going into the many details required in a graduate class. I think students will greatly enjoy this book and derive significant insight from it."—Coleman Miller, University of Maryland, College Park"Providing the essential information on all the key topics, this concise and authoritative book covers the whole field of empirical black-hole studies."—W. Niel Brandt, Pennsylvania State UniversityTable of ContentsPREFACE xi 1. Introducing Black Holes: Event Horizons and Singularities 1 1.1 Escape Velocity and Event Horizons 3 1.2 The Metric 6 1.3 What Is a Black Hole? 11 2. Accretion onto a Black Hole 13 2.1 Spherical Accretion and the Eddington Limit 14 2.2 Standard Accretion Disks 17 2.3 Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flows 23 2.4 Accretion Instabilities 24 2.5 Radiation Emission Mechanisms 27 2.6 Radiative Transfer 32 2.7 The alpha-Disk 35 3. Outflows and Jets 43 3.1 Superluminal Motion 45 3.2 Jet Physics and Magnetohydrodynamics 48 4. Stellar-Mass Black Holes 53 4.1 X-Ray Binaries 54 4.2 Varieties of X-Ray Binaries 58 4.3 X-Ray Accretion States 60 4.4 Compact Objects 63 4.5 Mass Measurements in X-Ray Binaries 68 4.6 Are High-Mass Compact Objects Black Holes? 73 4.7 Isolated Stellar-Mass Black Holes 76 4.8 The Chandrasekhar Limit 79 5. Supermassive Black Holes 84 5.1 Discovery of Quasars 85 5.2 Active Galaxies and Unification 88 5.3 Superluminal Jets and Blazars 94 5.4 Nonaccreting Central Black Holes 98 5.5 Mass Determinations for Extragalactic SMBHs 99 6. Formation and Evolution of Black Holes 106 6.1 Stellar-Mass Black Holes 107 6.2 Supermassive Black Holes 119 7. Do Intermediate-Mass Black Holes Exist? 127 7.1 Ultraluminous X-Ray Binaries 127 7.2 Black Holes in Star Clusters and Low-Mass Galaxies 132 8. Black Hole Spin 135 8.1 The Innermost Stable Circular Orbit 137 8.2 Observations of the ISCO through Line Emission 139 8.3 Observations of the ISCO through Thermal Emission 144 8.4 Consequences of Spin for Jets and Other Phenomena 147 9. Detecting Black Holes through Gravitational Waves 150 9.1 Gravitational Waves and Their Effects 152 9.2 Binary Pulsars 156 9.3 Direct Detection of Gravity Waves 158 9.4 Detecting Astrophysical Signals 163 10. Black Hole Exotica 167 10.1 Hawking Radiation 167 10.2 Primordial Black Holes 171 10.3 Wormholes 174 10.4 Multiverses 176 GLOSSARY 179 INDEX 187
£33.25
Princeton University Press How Do You Find an Exoplanet
Book SynopsisAn authoritative primer on the four key techniques that today's planet hunters use to detect the feeble signals of planets orbiting distant stars.Trade ReviewOne of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2016 "Johnson's enthusiasm for his vibrant field is palpable in this valuable, concise guide for amateur astronomers and anyone else not afraid of a few technicalities."--Lewis Dartnell, New Scientist "Johnson ... takes us on an enjoyable journey to the world of exoplanet hunters... An excellent book for anyone interested but also for astronomy students if their curriculum includes one?semester course in exoplanets."--Read about Science "This little red book is a thorough yet very understandable introduction to one of the hottest topics in astronomy--planets outside the solar system. Johnson, one of the leading scientists in the field, has created a great primer for undergraduate students wishing to gain enough knowledge to undertake a project or perhaps win an internship in the field."--ChoiceTable of ContentsPREFACE ix 1. Introduction 1 1.1 My Brief History 1 1.2 The Human Activity of Watching the Sky 3 1.3 Asking Why the Planets Move as They Do 8 1.4 Exoplanets and Completing the Copernican Revolution 16 2. Stellar Wobbles 23 2.1 At the Telescope 23 2.2 For Every Action 28 2.3 Eccentric Orbits 39 2.4 Measuring Precise Radial Velocities 45 2.5 Stellar Jitter 49 2.6 Design Considerations for a Doppler Survey 52 2.7 Concluding Remarks 57 3. Seeing the Shadows of Planets 59 3.1 Measuring and Reading Transit Signals 62 3.2 The Importance of a/R 71 3.3 Transit Timing Variations 74 3.4 Measuring the Brightness of a Star 77 3.5 Radial Velocities First, Transits Second 81 3.6 Transit First, Radial Velocities Second 83 3.7 From Close In to Further Out 89 4. Planets Bending Space-Time 90 4.1 The Geometry of Microlensing 94 4.2 The Microlensing Light Curve 103 4.3 The Microlensing Signal of a Planet 106 4.4 Microlensing Surveys 109 5. Directly Imaging Planets 114 5.1 The Problem of Angular Resolution 115 5.2 The Problem of Contrast 122 5.3 The Problem of Chance Alignment 129 5.4 Measuring the Properties of an Imaged Planet 130 6. The Future of Planet Hunting 132 6.1 Placing the Solar System in Context 133 6.2 Learning How Planets Form 138 6.3 Finding Life Outside the Solar System 141 6.4 Giant Planets as the Tip of the Iceberg 144 6.5 The Future of the Doppler Method: Moving to Dedicated Instrumentation 148 6.6 The Future of Transit Surveys 153 6.7 The Future of Microlensing 155 6.8 The Future of Direct Imaging 158 6.9 Concluding Remarks 160 BIBLIOGRAPHY 163 GLOSSARY 171 INDEX 177
£31.50
Princeton University Press Theory of Stellar Atmospheres
Book SynopsisThis book provides an in-depth and self-contained treatment of the latest advances achieved in quantitative spectroscopic analyses of the observable outer layers of stars and similar objects. Written by two leading researchers in the field, it presents a comprehensive account of both the physical foundations and numerical methods of such analyses.Trade Review"It is an excellent guide for anyone interested in radiation transport and spectral analyses in astrophysics."--Claudia-Veronika Meister, Zentralblatt MATH "A magisterial work that will surely be the definitive reference for many years to come."--Ian D. Howarth, The ObservatoryTable of ContentsPreface xi Chapter 1. Why Study Stellar Atmospheres? 1 1.1 A Historical Precis 1 1.2 The Bottom Line 15 Chapter 2. Observational Foundations 20 2.1 What Is a Stellar Atmosphere? 20 2.2 Spectroscopy 23 2.3 Spectrophotometry 29 2.4 Photometry 32 2.5 Mass, Luminosity, and Radius 46 2.6 Interpretation of Color-Magnitude Diagrams 53 Chapter 3. Radiation 61 3.1 Specific Intensity 61 3.2 Mean Intensity and Energy Density 65 3.3 Radiation Flux 72 3.4 Radiation Pressure Tensor 75 3.5 * Transformation Properties of I, E, F, P 78 3.6 Quantum Theory of Radiation in Vacuum 80 Chapter 4. Statistical Mechanics of Matter and Radiation 86 4.1 Thermodynamic Equilibrium 86 4.2 Boltzmann Statistics 88 4.3 Thermal Radiation 98 4.4 Quantum Statistics 103 4.5 Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium 111 Chapter 5. Absorption and Emission of Radiation 113 5.1 Absorption and Thermal Emission 114 5.2 Detailed Balance 116 5.3 Bound-Bound Absorption Probability 121 5.4 Bound-Bound Emission Probability 130 5.5 Photoionization 136 5.6 Free-Free Transitions 137 Chapter 6. Continuum Scattering 144 6.1 Thomson Scattering: Classical Analysis 145 6.2 Thomson Scattering: Quantum Mechanical Analysis 150 6.3 * Rayleigh and Raman Scattering 153 6.4 Compton Scattering 159 6.5 Compton Scattering in the Early Universe 165 Chapter 7. Atomic and Molecular Absorption Cross Sections 170 7.1 Hydrogen and Hydrogenic Ions 171 7.2 Multi-Electron Atoms 192 7.3 Molecules 208 Chapter 8. Spectral Line Broadening 228 8.1 Natural Damping Profile 228 8.2 Doppler Broadening: Voigt Function 231 8.3 Semiclassical Impact Theory 233 8.4 Statistical Theory: Quasi-Static Approximation 241 8.5 * Quantum Theory of Line Broadening 248 8.6 Applications 258 Chapter 9. Kinetic Equilibrium Equations 262 9.1 LTE versus Non-LTE 262 9.2 General Formulation 264 9.3 Transition Rates 267 9.4 Level Dissolution and Occupation Probabilities 278 9.5 Complete Rate Equations 282 Chapter 10. Scattering of Radiation in Spectral Lines 290 10.1 Semiclassical (Weisskopf-Woolley) Picture 291 10.2 * Quantum Mechanical Derivation of Redistribution Functions 301 10.3 Basic Redistribution Functions 308 10.4 More Complex Redistribution Functions 321 10.5 Emission Coefficient 327 Chapter 11. Radiative Transfer Equation 334 11.1 Absorption, Emission, and Scattering Coefficients 334 11.2 Formulation 339 11.3 Moments of the Transfer Equation 347 11.4 Time-Independent, Static, Planar Atmospheres 352 11.5 Schwarzschild-Milne Equations 361 11.6 Second-Order Form of the Transfer Equation 367 11.7 Discretization 370 11.8 Probabilistic Interpretation 373 11.9 Diffusion Limit 374 Chapter 12. Direct Solution of the Transfer Equation 378 12.1 The Problem of Scattering 379 12.2 Feautrier's Method 387 12.3 Rybicki's Method 397 12.4 Formal Solution 400 12.5 Variable Eddington Factors 418 Chapter 13. Iterative Solution of the Transfer Equation 421 13.1 Accelerated Lambda Iteration: A Heuristic View 421 13.2 Iteration Methods and Convergence Properties 425 13.3 Accelerated Lambda Iteration (ALI) 434 13.4 Acceleration of Convergence 440 13.5 Astrophysical Implementation 443 Chapter 14. NLTE Two-Level and Multi-Level Atoms 448 14.1 Formulation 448 14.2 Two-Level Atom 457 14.3 Approximate Solutions 471 14.4 Equivalent-Two-Level-Atom Approach 482 14.5 Numerical Solution of the Multi-level Atom Problem 488 14.6 Physical Interpretation 505 Chapter 15. Radiative Transfer with Partial Redistribution 511 15.1 Formulation 511 15.2 Simple Heuristic Model 515 15.3 Approximate Solutions 519 15.4 Exact Solutions 524 15.5 Multi-level Atoms 533 15.6 Applications 539 Chapter 16. Structural Equations 546 16.1 Equations of Hydrodynamics 546 16.2 1D Flow 554 16.3 1D Steady Flow 555 16.4 StaticAtmospheres 557 16.5 Convection 558 16.6 Stellar Interiors 565 Chapter 17. LTE Model Atmospheres 569 17.1 Gray Atmosphere 569 17.2 Equation of State 588 17.3 Non-Gray LTE Radiative-Equilibrium Models 593 17.4 Models with Convection 604 17.5 LTE Spectral Line Formation 606 17.6 Line Blanketing 620 17.7 Models with External Irradiation 627 17.8 Available Modeling Codes and Grids 631 Chapter 18. Non-LTE Model Atmospheres 633 18.1 Overview of Basic Equations 633 18.2 Complete Linearization 645 18.3 Overview of Possible Iterative Methods 660 18.4 Application of ALI and Related Methods 667 18.5 NLTE Metal Line Blanketing 676 18.6 Applications: Modeling Codes and Grids 684 Chapter 19. Extended and Expanding Atmospheres 691 19.1 Extended Atmospheres 691 19.2 Moving Atmospheres: Observer's-Frame Formulation 705 19.3 Moving Atmospheres: Comoving-Frame Formulation 713 19.4 Moving Atmospheres: Mixed-Frame Formulation 736 19.5 Sobolev Approximation 743 19.6 NLTE Line Formation 754 Chapter 20. Stellar Winds 764 20.1 Qualitative Picture 765 20.2 Thermally DrivenWinds 766 20.3 Radiation-Driven Winds 772 20.4 Global Model Atmospheres 800 Appendix A. Relativistic Particles 815 A.1 Kinematics and Dynamics of Point Particles 815 A.2 Relativistic Kinetic Theory 822 Appendix B. Photons 829 B.1 Lorentz Transformation of the Photon Four-Momentum 829 B.2 Photon Distribution Function 830 B.3 Thomas Transformations 831 Glossary of Symbols 833 Bibliography 849 Index 915
£78.20
Princeton University Press From Dust to Life
Book SynopsisTrade Review"[T]here is much solid information to be gleaned from careful reading."--Publishers Weekly "A stellar read"--Nature "In this grand chronicle of the science behind the origins of our 4.6-billion-year-old Solar System, John Chambers and Jacqueline Mitton peruse everything from the giant collision thought to have formed our Moon to the nature of meteorites."--Rosalind Metcalfe, Nature "[This book] provides a truly comprehensive overview of our solar system's origins and is written in plain, jargon-free language."--Marcus Chown, New Scientist "Incredibly thorough and detailed, yet very accessible to non-scientists too... A compelling overview of the evolution of the Solar System."--Katia Moskvitch, BBC Sky at Night "This is not your average tour of our solar system. Using clear, relatively jargon-free language, Chambers and Mitton provide a comprehensive examination of our current understanding of its formation, which should readily appeal to the general reader who enjoys scientific detail without getting into equations."--Library Journal "Chambers and Mitton stay focused on the science in From Dust to Life: unlike other books that create narratives around the scientists, they discuss the science and the history of its development, rather than the individuals who made it possible. That's a worthwhile trade: while there have been, and are today, interesting people studying the formation of the solar system, the science is even more fascinating as we find out just how complex the process is to turn a cloud of gas and dust into a star and planets."--Jeff Foust, Space Review "Read From Dust to Life to gain a fascinating perspective on the current state of the science behind solar system formation."--David Dickinson, Astro Guys blog "This wild ride across the cosmos and through time covers a lot of territory but isn't merely a laundry list of observations. Instead, readers will find one lucid explanation piggybacked onto another... The authors ... make celestial mechanics comprehensible even to readers with more curiosity than scientific background... Best of all, the authors help readers glimpse the why of it all."--Science News "This book ... is accessible to a scientifically literate general reader... The author team is eminently qualified ... one is a well-known planetary scientist and the other an experienced science writer. The result of their efforts is a highly readable book."--Star Formation Newsletter "Chambers and Mitton present a well-researched, detailed, big-picture overview of the solar system that shows how all of people's observations of its contents contribute to a coherent model for its origin. The authors place the modern theory and latest observations in historical context by beginning each chapter with an overview of the development of these scientific ideas from their beginning."--Choice "This book is up-to date, thorough, and authoritative. It revels in the latest discussions and controversies... It is a joy to read and is accessible to any student with a scientific background... Read this book. Join the cosmogonists and help change the cosmogony/cosmology ratio."--David W. Hughes, Observatory "From Dust to Lifefurnishes a comprehensive overview of current models for the formation of the solar system."--Cait MacPhee, Times Higher EducationTable of ContentsList of Illustrations xi Preface xv 1 Cosmic Archaeology 1 A fascination with the past 1 A solar system to explain 3 Real worlds 9 Winding back the clock 12 Putting the pieces together 16 2 Discovering the Solar System 19 Measuring the solar system 19 From wandering gods to geometrical constructions 22 The Sun takes center stage 25 Laws and order 27 Gravity rules 29 The missing planet 31 Asteroids enter the scene 34 Rocks in space 36 Uranus behaving badly 37 Completing the inventory 40 3 An Evolving Solar System 43 A changing world 43 A nebulous idea begins to take shape 44 The nebular hypothesis in trouble 48 A chance encounter? 50 Nebular theory resurrected 54 4 The Question of Timing 56 Reading the cosmic clock 57 Early estimates: ingenious-but wrong 57 Geology versus physics 58 Radioactivity changes everything 61 Hubble and the age of the universe 63 How radioactive timers work 64 Meteorites hold the key 68 Dating the Sun 71 The age of the universe revisited 73 5 Meteorites 75 A dramatic entrance 75 Where do meteorites come from? 76 Irons and stones 80 Identifying the parents 83 Lunar and Martian meteorites 86 A rare and precious resource 87 What meteorites can tell us 88 6 Cosmic Chemistry 92 Element 43: first a puzzle then a clue 92 An abundance of elements 94 The first elements 96 Cooking in the stellar furnace 98 Building heavier elements 104 Supernovae 105 7 A Star Is Born 108 A child of the Milky Way 108 Where stars are born 110 First steps to a solar system 113 The solar system's birth environment 119 Essential ingredients 121 8 Nursery for Planets 123 An excess of infrared 123 Two kinds of disks 125 Inside the solar nebula 129 Getting the dust to stick 131 The influence of gas 134 How to build planetesimals 135 The demise of the disk 137 9 Worlds of Rock and Metal 140 Sisters but not twins 140 The era of planetesimals 141 Planetary embryos take over 144 The final four 147 Earth 148 Mercury 153 Venus 158 Mars 161 10 the Making of the Moon 168 The Moon today 169 What the Moon is made of 170 The Moon's orbit 172 The fission theory 174 The capture hypothesis 175 The coaccretion hypothesis 176 The giant impact hypothesis 177 Encounter with Theia 179 Earth, Moon, and tidal forces 181 Late heavy bombardment 183 11 Earth, Cradle of Life 186 The Hadean era 186 The tree of life 191 The building blocks of life 193 The rise of oxygen 196 A favorable climate 199 Snowball Earth 202 Future habitability 204 12 Worlds of Gas and Ice 205 Giants of the solar system 205 Building giants by core accretion 211 The disk instability model 214 Spin and tilt 215 Masters of many moons 217 Formation of regular satellites 219 The origin of irregular satellites 220 Rings 221 13 What Happened to the Asteroid Belt? 225 The asteroid belt today 225 Ground down by collisions? 226 Emptied by gravity? 229 Asteroid families 231 The missing mantle problem 233 Asteroids revealed as worlds 236 14 The Outermost Solar System 242 Where do comets come from? 242 Centaurs 246 Looking beyond Neptune 247 The Kuiper belt 248 Sedna 251 The nature of trans-Neptunian objects 252 Where have all the Plutos gone? 256 The Nice model 259 15 Epilogue: Paradigms, Problems, and Predictions 263 The paradigm: solar system evolution in a nutshell 264 Unsolved puzzles 267 Searching the solar system for answers 268 Other planetary systems 271 Future evolution of the solar system 273 Afterword to the 2017 edition 277 Glossary 291 Sources and Further Reading 305 Index 307
£19.00
Princeton University Press Magnetic Reconnection
Book Synopsis
£116.80
Princeton University Press Machine Learning for Physics and Astronomy
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Winner of the Chambliss Astronomical Writing Award, American Astronomical Society"
£100.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Correspondence of John Flamsteed The First
Book SynopsisProfessor Eric Forbes left behind at his death an important collection of the letters of John Flamsteed (1646-1719), First Astronomer Royal. A leading figure in the final phases of the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, his extensive correspondence with 129 British and foreign scholars all over the world touches on many of the scientific discussions of the day.A detailed, scholarly work of reference, The Correspondence of John Flamsteed, The First Astronomer Royal: Volume 1 is an essential guide to the exciting developments in scientific thinking that occurred during the seventeenth century. It supplements the published correspondence of Isaac Newton and Henry Oldenburg, and will be an invaluable research tool, not only for historians of astronomy, but also for researchers examining how scientific thought developed.Trade Review"The letters will be of interest to all who care for the history of astronomy, and certainly no astronomical library would be complete without a copy … The editors and publishers of this volume have rendered a truly great service to historians and are to be warmly congratulated." -British Astronomical Association "… a big and beautifully produced volume that not only whets a reader's appetite for volumes 2 and 3, but also stands as a fine tribute to Forbes's scholarship." -Science "This is a superb, scholarly book, and a major addition to the collection of primary references required by the astronomical historian. It is beautifully produced, skillfully annotated, well indexed, and contains useful glossaries of astronomical terms and biographical details." -Observatory "This is an absolute delight. You feel as though you are privy to the musings of a pioneering astronomer and to the daily gossip at one of the world's premier observatories." -New Scientist "We are left in a state of high anticipation for the next volume in this important series." -Nature "The volume's value is enhanced by an excellent glossary of technical terms, useful bibliographical notes, and an index …Willmoth has written an excellent introduction …These letters provide an exciting view of eighteenth-century scientific politics …" -Katherine Neal, University of SydneyTable of ContentsPreface. Acknowledgements. List of letters. Editorial note. Abbreviated references. Glossary of astronomical and other technical terms. Introduction. Letters 1 - 450. Appendix - official documents. Biographical notes. Index.
£999.99
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Correspondence of John Flamsteed The First
Book SynopsisThe Correspondence of John Flamsteed: The First Astronomer Royal, Volume Two contains the letters Flamsteed wrote and received from June 1682 to the spring of 1703. A leading figure in the final phases of the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, his extensive correspondence with 129 British and foreign scholars touches on many of the scientific discussions of the day. Some of these exchanges involved established correspondents, chiefly Newton and Wallis, but members of a younger generation, such as Stephen Gray, William Derham, and Abraham Sharp, appear with increasing frequency, especially after 1700.Trade Review"For all the trauma of a midlife crisis read this book. It's riveting." -New Scientist, April 19, 1997 "Once again the editors, past and present, and the publishers are to be thoroughly congratulated on setting right 300 years of neglect of perhaps the most unjustly and persistently maligned figure in astronomical history." -Journal of the British Astronomy AssociationTable of ContentsAcknowledgements. List of letters. Glossary of astronomical and other technical terms. Introduction. Letters 451 - 900. Biographical notes. Index.
£128.25
Taylor & Francis Ltd Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle
Book SynopsisCovers areas related to baryon number (B) and lepton number (L) violation in particle physics, nuclear physics, rare decays, and cosmology. This work also includes topics such as B and L violation and grand unified theories; B and L violation in the early universe, cosmology, and astrophysics; and B and L violation and collider physics.Table of ContentsPreface, Symposium Photographs, 1. ? and L Violation, Grand Unified Theories and SUSY, Theory, 2. ? and L Violation, Neutrino Mass and Oscillation, Proton Decay, 3. ? and L Violation, the Early Universe and Cosmology, 4. ? and L Violation and Astrophysics, 5. Lepton Family Number Violation, 6. ? and L Violation and Collider Physics, List of Participants, Author Index
£913.45
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Correspondence of John Flamsteed The First
Book SynopsisThe Correspondence of John Flamsteed discusses this leading figure in the final phases of the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, presents his extensive correspondence with 129 British and foreign scholars all over the world, and touches on many of the scientific discussions of the day. This book, the last volume of the set, contains his letters from number 901 to 1515.Trade Review"John Flamsteed was England's first Astronomer Royal. He lived and worked for over 40 years in Christopher Wren's Royal Observatory at Greenwich. Throughout those years he corresponded with key figures of the British and continental scientific communities. Astronomical observations, scientific instruments, and the publication of results were all discussed. Surviving letters written to and by Flamsteed during the last 16 years of his life are collected together in this third and final volume of correspondence. It is a window onto the life of a diligent astronomer and onto the scientific world of the early 18th Century.The letters … are arranged in chronological order. They are typed versions of handwritten missives in the Cambridge-based Greenwich archive and of others in the UK, St. Petersburg, Basel, New York, and Pisa. Willmoth's introductory essay is an excellent entrance to the letters. She embraces the broad themes, highlights details to look out for, and supplies incisive commentary. Two of Flamsteed's concerns, the publication of his Greenwich observations and his desire to retain independence from the Royal Society, feature in the correspondence.Present and future historians of science owe a debt to the thorough and assiduous work of Flamsteed's editors. They've not only made his correspondence available to a wide readership but have led them into this world of meticulously and expertly annotating each letter. A rich, largely untapped source of study is yours for the picking."-Carole Stott, The ObservatoryTable of ContentsAcknowledgments. List of Letters. Abbreviated References. Glossary of Astronomical and Other Technical Terms. List of Symbols. Introduction. Letters 901-1515. Appendix-Official Documents. Agenda to Previous Volumes. Biographical Notes. Index.
£913.45
Taylor & Francis Ltd The Restless Universe Applications of
Book SynopsisThe Restless Universe: Applications of Gravitational N-Body Dynamics to Planetary Stellar and Galactic Systems stimulates the cross-fertilization of ideas, methods, and applications among the different communities who work in the gravitational N-body problem arena, across diverse fields of astrophysics. The chapters and topics cover three broad themes: the dynamics of the solar system, the dynamics of galaxies and star clusters, and the large scale structure of the universe. The book is essential reading for scientists and graduate students studying N-body dynamics, from the fundamental techniques to the cutting edge of modern research in planetary, stellar, and galactic systems.Trade Review"As a quick guide to the book, the section headings are Solar Systems, Stellar Kinematics and Dynamics, General Dynamics. Most sections contain three to six articles. Inevitably with such a wide range of topics one finds some more interesting than others. In general I found the expositions to be clear and concise and to be good introductions, and in some cases more than introductions to the paritcular topic or method … As a graduate text, the book will remain relevant for some years and as a commentary on the state of the art it is of current interest. As a textbook, selected chapters could be used as a course text or as background reading but individual sections could be useful in providing a quick review or introduction to one or more of the approaches."-D.R. Matravers, University of Portsmouth, Hampshire, UKTable of ContentsSolar systems dynamics. Stellar kinematics and dynamics. Galatic dynamics. Cosmology-Large scale structure dynamics. General dynamics
£171.00
Taylor & Francis Ltd Joint Evolution of Black Holes and Galaxies
Book SynopsisUnderstanding galaxy formation and evolution is one of the major goals of physical cosmology. This book, arising from a SIGRAV School held in Como, focuses on observational and theoretical aspects of the research in this field at a level suitable for graduate students and young researchers.Table of ContentsIntroduction. Observational Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes. Joint Evolution of Black Holes and Galaxies: Observational Issues. Galaxy Formation in the Hierarchical Universe. Feedback in Cosmic Structures. The Formation of Primordial Luminous Objects. The Evolution of Baryons along Cosmic History. Feedback Processes at Cosmic Dawn. The Ecology of Black Holes in Star Clusters.
£194.75
University of Nebraska Press Realizing Tomorrow
Book SynopsisNearly forty years passed between the Apollo moon landings, the grandest accomplishment of a government-run space programme, and the Ansari X PRIZE–winning flights of SpaceShipOne, the greatest achievement of a private space programme. As we hover on the threshold of commercial spaceflight, authors Chris Dubbs and Emeline Paat-Dahlstrom look back at how we got to this point.Trade Review"Tighten your seat belt for a wonderful ride of a read that tells the incredible tale of the dedicated people who helped push the throttle forward to make private space travel reality. Dubbs and Paat-Dahlstrom take a masterful and history-rich look at the true roots of space tourism, providing a needed course-correction for those who think off-Earth passenger travel is more giggle-factor than fact."-Leonard David, Space Insider columnist, SPACE.com -- Leonard David "Many books have been written about the history of spaceflight, documenting the efforts to enter space 'for all mankind.' Realizing Tomorrow offers the first comprehensive history of what will be the future of spaceflight-'by all mankind.'"-Robert Pearlman, editor and founder of collectSPACE.com -- Robert Pearlman "Brimming with fascinating details-and never-before-told stories-Realizing Tomorrow is a riveting account of the growth of commercial space. It is required reading for anyone who wants to know how a group of visionaries overcame great obstacles to pioneer the final frontier for profit."-Douglas Messier, editor in chief of Parabolicarc.com -- Douglas Messier "Realizing Tomorrow is the compelling story of the pioneers of commercial spaceflight and their efforts to open up the final frontier to everyone."-Jeff Foust, editor and publisher of the Space Review -- Jeff Foust "Tighten your seat belt for a wonderful ride of a read that tells the incredible tale of the dedicated people who helped push the throttle forward to make private space travel reality."-Leonard David, Coalition for Space Exploration -- Leonard David Coalition for Space Exploration "With the conclusion of the space shuttle program impending, the topic of private spaceflight has never been timelier... This far-reaching, well-illustrated history oriented toward the future of spaceflight should catch many an eye."-Colleen Mondor, Booklist -- Colleen Mondor BooklistTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsPrologue1. The Entire Population of the Earth in Orbit2. The Birth of Private Rocket Companies3. Private Citizens Get Their Chance in Space4. Russia Commercializes Space5. Citizen Explorers6. The Quest for a Reusable Spaceship7. The Ansari x prize Launches an Industry8. Private Manned Spaceflight Makes History9. Space Tourism Goes Mainstream10. It Takes More Than a Spaceship to Build an IndustrySourcesIndex
£999.99
University of Nebraska Press Into That Silent Sea
Book Synopsis It was a time of bold new technology, historic moments, and international jousting on the final frontier. But it was also a time of human drama, of moments less public but no less dramatic in the lives of those who made the golden age of space flight happen. These are the moments and the lives that Into That Silent Sea captures, a book that tells the intimate stories of the men and women, American and Russian, who made the space race their own and gave the era its compelling character. These pages chronicle a varied and riveting cavalcade of human stories, including a look at Yuri Gagarin’s harrowing childhood in war-ravaged Russia and Alan Shepard’s firm purchase on the American dream. It also examines the controversial career of cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space, and the remarkable struggle and ultimate disappointment of her American counterparts. It tries to uncover the truth behind the allegations that shadoweTrade Review“[Into That Silent Sea] dispenses with distracting technical jargon and nationalistic jingoism to deliver ten superbly composed, thoughtfully balanced chapters about the astronauts and cosmonauts who flew Mercury and Vostok/Voskhod missions. . . . Avid readers will revel in the authors’ masterful compilation of these straight-forward, detailed mini-biographies.”—Air Power History“Eminently readable, well-crafted. . . . The merits of this popular history rest in the elegant narrative and the authors’ thoughtful awareness of the space explorer genre.”—Air & Space Smithsonian“French and Burgess’s history will engage the space-program audience.”—Booklist“A well-written account about the Americans and Russians who were the first to fly into space. . . . [The book] offers some excellent profiles of these individuals that are accessible to both newcomers to space history and well-read enthusiasts alike.”—Space Review"For space fans, this is a good read."—Choice“Into That Silent Sea is an excellent reminder of just what Gagarin and other trailblazers did and how they became international celebrities in their own right. We seem to have forgotten just how new the frontier of space was. . . . Many people today seem to view space programs as an extravagance or with disinterest. For those who remain interested in those programs and have read the prior histories and memoirs, it never hurts to be reminded of just how pioneering the first steps were.”—Tim Gebhart, Blogcritics.org, Boston.com“I enjoyed every page of this nearly 400-page tome. I was disappointed to finish it simply because I wanted to read more. . . . If you’re new to this field of reading I’d highly recommend starting with this book. The background on the spacefarers is very interesting.”—Today in Space History Blog“The straightforward yet engrossing writing style of this history will interest readers from the junior-high level to adults. . . . What is especially compelling about this race into space story is the humanistic narrative, describing the individual cosmonauts and astronauts. . . . For younger readers, the description emphasizes the characteristics of determination, scholarship, loyalty, comraderie, dedication, and fitness—traits that are essential for astronaut applicants.”—Rita Hoots, Journal of College Science Teaching"Through dozens of interviews and access to Russian and American official documents and family records, the authors bring to life the experiences that shaped the lives of the first astronauts and cosmonauts and forever changed their worlds and ours."—Space Flight"Into That Silent Sea explores the early Space Age from a very human-centric perspective."—Todd A. Mooring, Oral History ReviewTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. First to Fly2. Lighting the Candle3. The Pursuit of Liberty4. Flight of the Eagle5. To Rise Above6. Heavenly Twins7. The Two Wallys8. A Change of Altitude9. A Seagull in Flight10. Stepping into the VoidReferencesIndex
£17.09
University of Nebraska Press Bold They Rise
Book SynopsisBold They Rise recounts the golden age of the Space Shuttle—from its first to its twenty-fifth launch, ending with the tragic flight of the Space Shuttle Challenger. Trade Review"This book is a welcome addition to the spectacular Outward Odyssey series and any space enthusiast's collection that does not carry it—is missing something vital. . . . [Bold They Rise] is at times gripping with the thrill found only in the "firsts" involved with anything to do with space exploration . . . a solid read which provides important information regarding NASA's program of record for more than thirty years."—Jason Rhian, spaceflightinsider.com"Bold They Rise is one of those works that will allow the memory of the Space Shuttle to remain alive, conveying the beauty and difficult of flying and working in space."—Davide Sivolella, Florida Historical Quarterly“Although the shuttle program has now run its course, this wonderful book brings back the awe, the inspiration, the promise, and the sadness associated with the early history of those magnificent vehicles and the teams of ground and flight crews that flew them.”—Jerry L. Ross (Col., USAF, Ret.), NASA astronaut, STS-61B, -27, -37, -55, -74, -88, and -110, and author of Spacewalker: My Journey in Space and Faith as NASA’s Record-Setting Frequent Flyer"This book is essential reading and perhaps the perfect companion to Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex's recently opened Atlantis exhibit."—Emily Carney, americaspace.com“Read this book to experience the Space Shuttle as it matured. Smith and Hitt tap sources that made this aerospace wonder’s early history. You’ll feel the needs and wants of those involved; the joys and sadness that came with conceiving, building, and flying this vehicle. It’s a trip—I know.”—Charles D. Walker, engineer, corporate executive, first commercial industry astronaut, STS-41D, STS-51D, STS-61B"Space enthusiasts will enjoy this work."—CHOICE“A rich, engaging account of the first years of the Space Shuttle era, Bold They Rise recounts the development and pioneering missions of a truly magnificent flying machine that helped open the door to space for scientists such as myself.”—Donald A. Thomas, NASA astronaut, STS-65, STS-70, STS-83, and STS-94Table of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordPrefaceAcknowledgments1. The Feeling of Flying2. In the Beginning3. TFNG4. Getting Ready to Fly5. First Flight6. The Demonstration Flights7. Open for Business8. The Next Steps9. Science on the Shuttle10. Secret Missions11. People and Payloads12. The Golden Age13. To Touch the Face of GodSourcesIndex
£999.99
University of Nebraska Press Footprints in the Dust
Book SynopsisFollowing the fortieth anniversary of Apollo 11, Footprints in the Dust offers a thorough, engrossing, and multifaceted account of the Apollo missions. Drawing on extensive research and interviews with key figures in the space program, the authors convey the human drama and chart the technological marvels that went into the Apollo missions.Trade Review"A superb work and well worth your time."—Brian Laslie, Balloons and Drones"[Footprints in the Dust is] an interesting account of US and Soviet lunar missions."—J.Z. Kiss, Choice“Elegantly written and scrupulously researched, this marvelous book not only opens a window on a truly dynamic period but is one of those rarities in spaceflight literature—a compelling and enjoyable page-turner. It captures magnificently the remarkable spirit of those involved in the Apollo story.”—Charles M. Duke Jr., Apollo 16 astronaut and moonwalker“We who engaged ourselves in making the Apollo program a reality realize the tremendous importance and responsibility of inspiring young people, our future space pioneers. This book emphasizes the notion that seemingly ordinary people can do quite extraordinary things, and we are not bound by our dreams. A remarkable tale of triumph and melancholy.”—Ed Buckbee, author (with Wally Schirra) of The Real Space Cowboys“Like its predecessors in the Outward Odyssey series, this vivid and entertaining book reveals the human side of space exploration. We all too often think of the Apollo program as a technical achievement, when, in fact, it was the human element that made it successful.”—Al Worden, Apollo 15 astronaut and chairman of the Astronaut Scholarship FoundationTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsRice University Address by President John F. KennedyPrologue: Realization of a Dream of Ages Colin Burgess1. The Whole World Was Watching Rick Houston2. The Eagle and the Bear Dominic Phelan3. Rendezvous on the Ocean of Storms John Youskauskas4. Apollo 13, We Have a Solution Stephen Cass5. Altered Directions Colin Burgess6. Science, and a Little Golf Philip Baker7. A Whole New Focus Colin Burgess8. On a Roll at Hadley Geoffrey Bowman9. Worth the Wait Simon A. Vaughan10. One More Time Melvin Croft11. Beyond the Moon Colin Burgess12. The Last Apollo Geoffrey BowmanEpilogue: Souvenirs of Small Steps Robert PearlmanAppendix: Apollo-Saturn MissionsReferencesContributorsIndex List of ContributorsPhilip BakerGeoffrey BowmanColin BurgessStephen CassMelvin CroftRick HoustonRobert PearlmanDominic PhelanSimon A. VaughanJohn Youskauskas
£999.99
University of Nebraska Press The X15 Rocket Plane Flying the First Wings into
Book SynopsisThe story of the X-15, the pioneering research flight program in the fifties and sixties, and its pilots. Trade Review"[The X-15 Rocket Plane is] a cogently written and well-deserved tribute to the individuals who helped take a winged rocket beyond Earth's confining atmosphere."—John Carver Edwards, Book Verdict "Engle and Armstrong devotees won’t be disappointed with the stories about their heroes in this tome."—American Space"The X-15 Rocket Plane is an engaging account of America's push into space before pilots became astronauts, and America began a new era of exploration beyond the Earth to the Moon."—Anthony Young, Space Review"The importance of the X-15 on the early exploration of space and the subsequent development of the Shuttle program cannot be overstated."—Book Bit, WTBF-AM/FM"This is a remarkably fine work, one that, despite all the writings on the X-15 to date, has found its own authentic voice."—Richard P. Hallion, Quest"The social element in this splendid book adds much to the overall history of this remarkably successful research aircraft."—Mick Jeffries, Aerospace"[The X-15 Rocket Plane] is a serious and substantial work of history . . . it deserves a wide readership among space enthusiasts and professional historians alike."—A. Bowdoin Van Riper, The Historian"Michelle Evans has written the definitive book on the X-15, the men who flew her, and the managers and support people who kept her flying."—Allen G. Taylor, National Space Society“Long before the space shuttle, the United States was flying astronauts with the courage of lions into space aboard wings of steel. This is the story of the astonishing X-15, America’s first space plane, which broke records nearly every time it flew. It is a magnificent tale, well told in this meticulously researched book. Everyone with an interest in aviation, space, or high-flying adventure should read it.”—Homer Hickam, author of Rocket Boys“This book gives a fascinating and superbly detailed look into X-15 technology and the dedicated people who first took a winged craft beyond the atmosphere. Along the way it teaches valuable and pertinent lessons for those of us in the private space sector now working to build on that phenomenal legacy.”—Col. Rick Searfoss, U.S. Air Force (Ret.), former space shuttle commander and pilotTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. The Whole Nine Yards2. A Record High3. Gaining Speed4. Naval Engagement5. Changing Course6. Straight and Steady7. Skipping Out8. On a Roll9. Inconel Meets Celluloid10. Fastest Man Alive11. Chasing Experiments12. In the Line of Duty13. Snow at EdwardsAfterwordGlossarySourcesIndex
£999.99
University of Nebraska Press Wheels Stop
Book SynopsisThe human story of the Space Shuttle program from the aftermath of the Challenger accident and ending with the final flight in 2011. Trade Review"[An] enthusiastic portrayal of the heroic age of American space travel."—Publishers Weekly "Houston focuses on themes and makes extensive (and effective) use of oral histories provided by astronauts and others."—J. Z. Kiss, Choice"Houston preserves the candid reflections of some who wrote the shuttle's story aloft, and their exultations and confessions are reason enough to fly with them until "wheels stop.""—Air and Space“When we talk about the Space Shuttle, we talk about the people. Author Rick Houston’s work here takes it a step further. He reaches to the heart and soul of the people.”—Milt Heflin, former lead Space Shuttle flight director and chief of the flight director office“With the Space Shuttle program now at an end, documenting the amazing thirty-year career of these iconic orbiters holds an untold amount of historical importance. Spaceflight isn’t easy, people pay in blood and sweat to make it happen. Author Rick Houston lends a voice to some of the key people involved in what is not only an American treasure but a global superstar.”—Chris Bergin, managing editor, NASASpaceflight.com“Rick Houston skillfully recounts the shuttle program from a front row center seat, full of engaging, first person accounts—direct from the flight deck and the vacuum of space during some of the program’s wildest spacewalks. From triumph to tragedy and back again, this book is the next best thing to being there.”—Dr. Scott Parazynski, five-time shuttle astronaut and Everest mountaineerTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Foreword Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Back in the Game 2. Cloak and Dagger, Science on Orbit 3. Hubble Huggers 4. Sleeping with the Enemy 5. A Home on Orbit 6. "The Debris Was Talking to Me" 7. "We Came Home" 8. A Kick in the Pants 9. The End of an Era 10. A Magnificent Machine Epilogue Sources Index
£29.45
University of Nebraska Press To a Distant Day
Book SynopsisAlthough the dream of flying is as old as the human imagination, the notion of rocketing into space may have originated with Chinese gunpowder experiments during the Middle Ages. Rockets as both weapons and entertainment are examined in this engaging history of how human beings acquired the ability to catapult themselves into space.Trade Review"Let us hope for as good a companion volume taking the story to the shuttle and space-station era and the emergence of space powers other than Russia and the U.S."-Roland Green, Booklist -- Roland Green Booklist "As much a story of cultural ambition and personal destiny as of scientific progress and technological history, To a Distant Day offers a thoroughly compelling account of humankind's determined efforts-sometimes poignant, sometimes amazing, sometimes mad-to leave Earth behind."-Quest Quest "As someone who has been teaching a course on space exploration for many years and has visited most of NASA's space centers, I have found plenty of new and valuable material in To a Distant Day... I recommend the book to all who wish to know more about the conditions, people, and discoveries between 1890 and 1960 that led to the space age."-Pangratios Papacosta, Physics Today -- Pangratios Papacosta Physics Today "To a Distant Day is not simply about scientific and technical developments. It provides insight into the social and political context of the early rocket pioneers and how progress emerged amidst competing egos, political pressures, and technical challenges... Insightful, instructive, and definitely worth the read."-Greg Andres, Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada -- Greg Andres Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada "Since the dawn of time, mankind has looked skyward and longed to travel the heavens, to feel the glow of distant stars, to explore the celestial bodies of our galactic neighborhood, and to venture beyond this earthly cradle. Chris Gainor's work, To a Distant Day, tells of the engineers, the scientists, and the explorers who realized the ancient dream and ventured from Earth."-David R. Self, Technology and Culture -- David R. Self Technology and Culture "Chris Gainor's new book, To a Distant Day, recreates the colorful history of how rocketry came to be."-David Reneke, davidreneke.com -- David Reneke davidreneke.comTable of ContentsAcknowledgementsForeword from Col. Alfred WordenAcronymsChapter 1 Space Dreams and War DrumsChapter 2 Tsiolkovsky and the Birth of Soviet AstronauticsChapter 3 Robert Goddard’s Solitary TrailChapter 4 Hermann Oberth and Early German RocketryChapter 5 Von Braun, Dornberger and World War IIChapter 6 Rockets, Balloons and the Right StuffChapter 7 Korolev and the First ICBMChapter 8 The Military Industrial ComplexChapter 9 Sputniks and MuttniksChapter 10 The Birth of NASAChapter 11 Man In Space SoonestEpilog: July 6, 1969SourcesIndex
£17.09
University of Nebraska Press Ambassadors from Earth
Book SynopsisTrade Review"Many space buffs, especially young ones, should find this a satisfying narrative."—Publishers Weekly"Ambassadors is written in an accessible and engaging style, introducing readers to behind-the-scenes players most of us have never heard of."—Russell Lewis, NPR"[Ambassadors from Earth] offers an accessible account of the U.S. and Soviet planetary missions of the Space Race era, as well as the more widespread efforts of more recent times."—Roger Launius, Air & Space Magazine"Utilising original interviews with key players, bolstered by never-before-seen photographs, journal excerpts, and primary source documents, Gallentine delivers a quirky and unforgettable look at the lives and legacy of the Americans and Soviets who conceived, built, and guided those unmanned missions to the planets and beyond."—Philip Corneille, Spaceflight"This book provides a wonderful way of renewing interest in the pioneering contributions of the robotic space programs pursued by the United States and the Soviet Union."—De Witt Douglas Kilgore, Quest"An intriguing and essential read on the history of unmanned space programs and especially the tug-of-war between the United States and the Soviety Union for space supremacy in the late 1950s and the decade of the 1960s."—Dale A. Stirling, Journal for the History of Discoveries Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Aboard the Glacier 2. Problem Child 3. The Convict 4. Light Fuse, GET AWAY 5. New Moon 6. Let's Make a Deal 7. The Creators and the Makers 8. Storming the Sea of Dreams 9. Moving at the Speed of Design 10. Job Number MA-11 11. The Science and the Cyclist 12. Get Off the Bus 13. Swing in Time 14. The Meeting and the Mechta 15. Think Like Gravity 16. Didn't They Get It? 17. The Death and the Funeral 18. One Hundred Percent Failure 19. Three-Problem Shipley 20. Pete and Al's Little Field Trip 21. Irradiated Plans 22. Embarking 23. Get It 24. Instant Science 25. Circles of Gold 26. Last Light 27. Continuum Sources Index
£18.99
University of Nebraska Press Realizing Tomorrow
Book SynopsisNearly forty years passed between the Apollo moon landings, the grandest accomplishment of a government-run space programme, and the Ansari X PRIZE - winning flights of SpaceShipOne, the greatest achievement of a private space programme. Now, as we hover on the threshold of commercial spaceflight, Chris Dubbs and Emeline Paat-Dahlstrom look back at how we got to this point.Trade Review"Tighten your seat belt for a wonderful ride of a read that tells the incredible tale of the dedicated people who helped push the throttle forward to make private space travel reality. Dubbs and Paat-Dahlstrom take a masterful and history-rich look at the true roots of space tourism, providing a needed course-correction for those who think off-Earth passenger travel is more giggle-factor than fact."-Leonard David, Space Insider columnist, SPACE.com -- Leonard David "Many books have been written about the history of spaceflight, documenting the efforts to enter space 'for all mankind.' Realizing Tomorrow offers the first comprehensive history of what will be the future of spaceflight-'by all mankind.'"-Robert Pearlman, editor and founder of collectSPACE.com -- Robert Pearlman "Brimming with fascinating details-and never-before-told stories-Realizing Tomorrow is a riveting account of the growth of commercial space. It is required reading for anyone who wants to know how a group of visionaries overcame great obstacles to pioneer the final frontier for profit."-Douglas Messier, editor in chief of Parabolicarc.com -- Douglas Messier "Realizing Tomorrow is the compelling story of the pioneers of commercial spaceflight and their efforts to open up the final frontier to everyone."-Jeff Foust, editor and publisher of the Space Review -- Jeff Foust "Tighten your seat belt for a wonderful ride of a read that tells the incredible tale of the dedicated people who helped push the throttle forward to make private space travel reality."-Leonard David, Coalition for Space Exploration -- Leonard David Coalition for Space Exploration "With the conclusion of the space shuttle program impending, the topic of private spaceflight has never been timelier... This far-reaching, well-illustrated history oriented toward the future of spaceflight should catch many an eye."-Colleen Mondor, Booklist -- Colleen Mondor BooklistTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsPrologue1. The Entire Population of the Earth in Orbit2. The Birth of Private Rocket Companies3. Private Citizens Get Their Chance in Space4. Russia Commercializes Space5. Citizen Explorers6. The Quest for a Reusable Spaceship7. The Ansari x prize Launches an Industry8. Private Manned Spaceflight Makes History9. Space Tourism Goes Mainstream10. It Takes More Than a Spaceship to Build an IndustrySourcesIndex
£17.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Space Physics and Aeronomy Set
Book SynopsisThe Space Physics and Aeronomy collection is a five-volume set of books presenting the latest scientific observations, models, and theories. Arranged sequentially, the books examine the Sun and the solar wind, magnetospheres in the Solar system, Earth's ionosphere, Earth's upper atmosphere, and the effects of space weather. Volume 1: Solar Physics and Solar Wind A comprehensive view of our Sun at the start of a new era in solar and heliospheric physics Volume 2: Magnetospheres in the Solar System An overview of current knowledge and future research directions in magnetospheric physics Volume 3: Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions Volume 4: Upper Atmosphere Dynamics and Energetics A comprehensive overview of the structure and variability of the upper atmosphere Volume 5: Space Weather Effects and Applications Examines how solar and terrestrial space phenomena affect sophisticated technological systems The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief.Table of ContentsSpace Physics and Aeronomy, Volume 1, Solar Physics and Solar Wind List of Contributors vii Preface ix 1. The Solar WindAlexis P. Rouillard, Nicholeen Viall, Viviane Pierrard, Christian Vocks, Lorenzo Matteini, Olga Alexandrova, Aleida K. Higginson, Benoit Lavraud, Michael Lavarra, Yihong Wu, Rui Pinto, Alessandro Bemporad, and Eduardo Sanchez-Diaz 1 2. The Heating of the Solar CoronaNicholeen M. Viall, Ineke De Moortel, Cooper Downs, James A. Klimchuk, Susanna Parenti, and Fabio Reale 35 3. Solar Magnetism and RadiationGordon Petrie, Serena Criscuoli, and Luca Bertello 83 4. Solar Energetic ParticlesChristina M.S. Cohen, Gang Li, Glenn M. Mason, Albert Y. Shih, and Linghua Wang 133 5. Solar Flares and Coronal Mass EjectionsBarbara J. Thompson, Jiong Qiu, Noe Lugaz, and David F. Webb 179 6. Fine-Scale Features of the Sun’s Atmosphere: Spicules and JetsAlphonse C. Sterling 221 7. Solar InteriorMark Linton, Mausumi Dikpati, and Rachel Howe 251 Index 301 Space Physics and Aeronomy, Volume 2, Magnetospheres in the Solar System List of Contributors ix Preface xvi Part I: The Earth Magnetosphere 1 1 A Brief History of the Magnetosphere 3David J. Southwood 2 Large-Scale Structure and Dynamics of the Magnetosphere 15David G. Sibeck and Kyle R. Murphy 3 The Equations of the Magnetosphere 37Herbert Gunell Part II: Fundamental Processes 47 4 Magnetic Reconnection in the Near-Earth Magnetotail 49Tsugunobu Nagai 5 Turbulence and Complexity of Magnetospheric Plasmas 67Marius Echim, Tom Chang, Peter Kovacs, Anna Wawrzaszek, Emiliya Yordanova, Yasuhito Narita, Zoltan Vörös, Roberto Bruno, Wieslaw Macek, Kalevi Mursula, and Giuseppe Consolini 6 Wave--Particle Interactions in the Earths Magnetosphere 93Richard M. Thorne, Jacob Bortnik, Wen Li, and Qianli Ma 7 Cross-Scale Energy Transport in Space Plasmas: Applications to the Magnetopause Boundary 109Katariina Nykyri, Xuanye Ma, and Jay Johnson Part III: Solar Wind--Magnetosphere Coupling 123 8 Solar Wind Interaction with Earths Bow Shock 125Georges. K. Parks, Ensang Lee, Zhongwei W. Yang, Naiguo Lin, Suiyan Y. Fu, and Ying Liu 9 The Magnetosheath 137Yasuhito Narita, Ferdinand Plaschke, and Zoltán Vörös 10 Dayside Magnetopause Processes 153Stephen A. Fuselier 11 The Polar Cusps of the Earths Magnetosphere 163Benoit Lavraud and Karlheinz J. Trattner 12 The Earths Low-Latitude Boundary Layer 177Takuma K. M. Nakamura Part IV: Magnetosphere--Ionosphere Coupling 193 13 Field-Aligned Currents in the Magnetosphere--Ionosphere 195Hermann Lühr and Guram Kervalishvili 14 Ionospheric Ion Acceleration and Transport 207Andrew W. Yau, Takumi Abe, Mats André, Andrew D. Howarth, and William K. Peterson 15 Cold Ionospheric Ions in the Magnetosphere 219Mats André, Sergio Toledo-Redondo, and Andrew W. Yau 16 Magnetosphere--Ionosphere Coupling of Precipitating Electrons and Ionospheric Conductance 229George V. Khazanov, David G. Sibeck, and Mike Chu Part V: The Dynamic Magnetosphere 243 17 Magnetotail Processes 245Joachim Birn, Andrei Runov, and Yuri Khotyaintsev 18 The Active Magnetosphere: Substorms and Storms 277Yukitoshi Nishimura and Larry R. Lyons 19 The Northward IMF Magnetosphere 293Robert C. Fear 20 A Brief Review of the Ring Current and Outstanding Problems 311Raluca Ilie, Muhammad Fraz Bashir, and Elena A. Kronberg 21 Source, Loss, and Transport of Energetic Particles Deep Inside Earths Magnetosphere (L <4) 323Xinlin Li, Richard S. Selesnick, Hong Zhao, Daniel N. Baker, J. Bernard Blake, and Michael A. Temerin 22 The Plasmasphere: Its Interactions and Dynamics 335Fabien Darrouzet, Dennis L. Gallagher, and Johan De Keyser 23 Impact of Ionospheric Ions on Magnetospheric Dynamics 353Elina A. Kronberg, Elena E. Grigorenko, Raluca Ilie, Lynn Kistler, and Dan Welling Part VI: Planetary Magnetic Fields 365 24 Planetary Magnetic Fields 367Karl-Heinz Glassmeier and Daniel Heyner Part VII: Induced Magnetospheres 391 25 Induced Magnetospheres: Mars 393Jasper S. Halekas, Janet G. Luhmann, Eduard Dubinin, and Yingjuan Ma 26 Induced Magnetospheres: Titan 407César Bertucci 27 Birth of a Magnetosphere 427Hans Nilsson, Etienne Behar, James L. Burch, Christopher M. Carr, Anders I. Eriksson, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Pierre Henri, Marina Galand, Charlotte Goetz, Herbert Gunell, and Tomas Karlsson 28 Induced Magnetospheres: Atmospheric Escape 441David A. Brain Part VIII: Giant Planet Magnetospheres 453 29 The Magnetodisk Regions of Jupiter and Saturn 455Nicholas Achilleos, Patick Guio, Flavien Hardy, Chris Paranicas, and Arianna M. Sorba 30 Fast Rotating Magnetospheres: Jupiter and Saturn Plasma Sources, Loss and Transport 471Abigail M. Rymer 31 Gas Giant Magnetosphere--Ionosphere--Thermosphere Coupling 485Licia C. Ray and Japheth N. Yates 32 The Radiation Belts of Jupiter and Saturn 499Elias Roussos and Peter Kollmann 33 Asymmetrical Magnetospheres: Uranus and Neptune 515Christopher S. Arridge and Carol Paty Part IX: Mini-magnetospheres and Moon--Magnetosphere Interactions 535 34 A Dungey Cycle in the Life of Mercurys Magnetosphere 537James A. Slavin, Suzanne M. Imber, and Jim M. Raines 35 The Magnetosphere of Ganymede 557Xianzhe Jia and Margaret G. Kivelson 36 Overview of Moon--Magnetosphere Interactions 575Joachim Saur Part X: Investigating Magnetospheric Processes 595 37 Global Simulations 597Joachim Raeder, Kai Germaschewski, William D. Cramer, and John Lyon 38 Kinetic Modeling in the Magnetosphere 607Stefano Markidis, Vyacheslav Olshevsky, Gábor Tóth, Yuxi Chen, Ivy Bo Peng, Giovanni Lapenta, and Tamas Gombosi 39 Data-Based Modeling of the Earth's Magnetic Field 617Nikolai Tsyganenko, Varvara Andreeva, Marina Kubyshkina, Mikhail Sitnov, and Grant Stephens 40 Multispacecraft Measurements In The Magnetosphere 637Malcolm W. Dunlop, TieYan Wang, XiangCheng Dong, Stein Haarland, QuanQi Shi, HuiShan Fu, Johan De Keyser, Chao Shen, ZhaoJin Rong, Christophe Phillippe Escoubet, ZuYin Pu, and Jonathan Eastwood 41 Exploring Small Scales with MMS 657James L. Burch and Kyoung-Joo Hwang 42 Global Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) Imaging of Magnetospheres 673Pontus C. Brandt 43 Laboratory Experiments: Putting Space into the Lab 699Mark Koepke Part XI: Future Directions 715 44 Challenges in Modeling the Outer Magnetosphere 717Gábor Tóth, Yuxi Chen, Zhenguang Huang, and Bart van der Holst 45 Does a Magnetosphere Protect the Ionosphere? 729Romain Maggiolo and Herbert Gunell 46 Some Unsolved Problems of Magnetospheric Physics 743Michael H. Denton 47 Instigators of Future Change in Magnetospheric Research 753Michael W. Liemohn, Amy M. Keesee, L. Kepko, and Mark B. Moldwin Index 765 Space Physics and Aeronomy, Volume 3, Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications List of Contributors vii Preface xi Part I: The Polar Cap and Auroral Ionosphere 1 1 Magnetospheric Energy Input to the Ionosphere 3Cheryl Huang 2 High Latitude Ionospheric Convection 21Stephen E. Milan and Adrian Grocott 3 Multiscale Dynamics in the High-Latitude Ionosphere 49Yukitoshi Nishimura, Yue Deng, Larry R. Lyons, Ryan M. McGranaghan, and Matthew D. Zettergren 4 Recent Advances in Polar Cap Density Structure Research 67Shasha Zou, Gareth W. Perry, and John C. Foster 5 Polar Cap O+ Ion Outflow and Its Impact on Magnetospheric Dynamics 83Binzheng Zhang and Oliver J. Brambles Part II: The Subauroral and Midlatitude Ionosphere 115 6 Ionospheric Storm-Enhanced Density Plumes 117John C. Foster, Shasha Zou, Roderick A. Heelis, and Philip J. Erickson 7 Ion Outflow and Lobe Density: Interhemispheric Asymmetries 127Stein Haaland, Bjørn Lybekk, Lukas Maes, Karl Magnus Laundal, Arne Pedersen, Paul Tenfjord, Anders Ohma, Nikolai Østgaard, Jone Reistad, and Kristian Snekvik 8 Mesoscale and Small-Scale Structure of the Subauroral Geospace 139Evgeny Mishin and Anatoly Streltsov Part III: The Low-Latitude Ionosphere 159 9 Equatorial Ionospheric Electrodynamics 161Bela G. Fejer and Astrid Maute 10 Theory and Modeling of Equatorial Spread F 185Joe D. Huba 11 Observations of Equatorial Spread F: A Working Hypothesis 201Roland T. Tsunoda 12 The Equatorial Electrojet 281Hermann Lühr, Patrick Alken, and Yun-Liang Zhou 13 Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Variations During Geomagnetic Storms 301Xiaoli Luan Part IV: Global Ionospheric Processes 313 14 Penetration of the Magnetospheric Electric Fields to the Low Latitude Ionosphere 315Takashi Kikuchi 15 Ionosphere and Thermosphere Coupling at Mid- and Subauroral Latitudes 339Shun-Rong Zhang 16 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Impacts on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System: A Review of Recent Progress 369Larisa P. Goncharenko, V. Lynn Harvey, Huixin Liu, and Nicholas M. Pedatella 17 Ionospheric Dynamics and Their Strong Longitudinal Dependences 401Endawoke Yizengaw 18 Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances 421Yuichi Otsuka Part V: Ionospheric Impacts on Applications 439 19 Ionospheric Effects on HF Radio Wave Propagation 441Manuel A. Cervera, Trevor J. Harris, David A. Holdsworth, and David J. Netherway 20 Ionospheric Scintillation Effects on Satellite Navigation 493Seebany Datta-Barua, Eric Altshuler, Todd Walter, and Sam Pullen 21 Ionospheric Disturbances Related to Earthquakes 511Kosuke Heki 22 Atmospheric and Ionospheric Disturbances Caused by Tsunamis 527Michael P. Hickey Index 543 Space Physics and Aeronomy, Volume 4, Upper Atmosphere Dynamics and Energetics List of Contributors vii Preface xi Part I Energetics and Dynamics of the Upper Atmosphere 1 Joule Heating in the ThermosphereArthur D. Richmond 3 2 Momentum and Energy Budgets in the High-Latitude Lower Thermospheric Wind SystemYoung-Sil Kwak and Arthur D. Richmond 19 3 Upper Thermospheric Winds: Forcing, Variability, and EffectsWenbin Wang, Alan G. Burns, and Jing Liu 41 4 Influence of Nonhydrostatic Processes on the Ionosphere-ThermosphereYue Deng, Cissi Y. Lin, Qingyu Zhu, and Cheng Sheng 65 5 The Middle- and Low-Latitude Neutral Wind DynamoAstrid Maute 79 Part II Upper Atmospheric Composition 6 Neutral Composition in the Upper AtmosphereAlan G. Burns, Wenbin Wang, and Liying Qian 107 7 Storm-Time Neutral Composition Changes in the Upper AtmosphereYongliang Zhang and Larry J. Paxton 115 8 Neutral Hydrogen in the Terrestrial Thermosphere and Exosphere: A Ground-Based PerspectiveEdwin Mierkiewicz 135 Part III Low and Upper Atmosphere Coupling Through Waves 9 Atmosphere-Ionosphere (A-I) Coupling by Solar and Lunar TidesJeffrey M. Forbes 159 10 Planetary Waves and Their Impact on the Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and IonosphereJia Yue, Ruth Lieberman, and Loren C. Chang 183 11 Longitudinal Variation in the Mass Density of the Thermosphere: A GAIA SimulationYasunobu Miyoshi 217 Part IV Upper Atmosphere Structure and Variability 12 Equatorial Thermosphere AnomalyJiuhou Lei 229 13 Structured Storm-Time Polar Ionosphere and Its Drivers: A ReviewJing Liu, Wenbin Wang, Alan G. Burns, and Qinghe Zhang 239 14 Solar Flare Effects on the Thermosphere and IonosphereLiying Qian and Thomas N. Woods 253 15 Day-to-Day Variability of the Thermosphere and IonosphereHuixin Liu, Yosuke Yamazaki, and Jiuhou Lei 275 16 Response of the Ionosphere to Varying Solar FluxesLibo Liu, Yiding Chen, and Huijun Le 301 17 Long-Term Trends in the Upper AtmosphereJan Lastovicka 325 Part V Upper Atmosphere Data Assimilation 18 Inference of Hidden States by Coupled Thermosphere-Ionosphere Data Assimilation: Applications to Observability and Predictability of Neutral Mass DensityTomoko Matsuo and Chih-Ting Hsu 345 Part VI Upper Atmosphere Observations 19 The Ground-Based Airglow Imager Network in China: Recent Observational ResultsJiyao Xu, Qinzeng Li, Longchang Sun, Xiao Liu, Wei Yuan, Wenbin Wang, Jia Yue, Shunrong Zhang, Weijun Liu, Guoying Jiang, Kun Wu, Hong Gao, and Chang Lai 367 20 MLT Science Enabled by Atmospheric LidarsChiao-Yao She, Alan Z. Liu, Tao Yuan, Jia Yue, Tao Li, Chao Ban, and Jonathan S. Friedman 395 21 Remote Sensing of Magnetic Fields Induced by Electrojets From Space: Measurement Techniques and Sensor DesignJeng-Hwa Yee, Jesper Gjerloev, and Dong Wu 451 22 Remote Sensing of Global Lower Thermospheric Winds: Sensing Techniques and Sensor DesignJeng-Hwa Yee, Imran Mehdi, Darren Hayton, Jose Siles, and Dong Wu 469 23 Exploring the Upper Atmosphere: Using Optical Remote SensingLarry J. Paxton, Yongliang Zhang, Hyosub Kil, and Robert K. Schaefer 487 Index 523 Space Physics and Aeronomy, Volume 5, Space Weather Effects and Applications List of Contributors vii Preface ix Introduction: Space Weather Underlies Reliable Technologies 1Louis J. Lanzerotti, Philip J. Erickson, and Anthea J. Coster 1. Effects of Space Radiation on Contemporary Space]Based Systems I: Single Event Upsets, Spacecraft Charging, Degradation of Electronics, and Attenuation on Fiber Cabling 3Daniel N. Baker and Michael Bodeau 2. Effects of Space Radiation on Contemporary Space]Based Systems II: Spacecraft Internal and External Charging and Discharging Effects 13Michael Bodeau and Daniel N. Baker 3. Effects of Space Radiation on Humans in Space Flight 63Lawrence W. Townsend 4. Space Weather Radiation Effects on High]Altitude/]Latitude Aircraft 79Christopher J. Mertens and W. Kent Tobiska 5. Remaining Issues in Upper Atmosphere Satellite Drag 111Jeffrey P. Thayer, W. Kent Tobiska, Marcin D. Pilinski, and Eric K. Sutton 6. Solar Radio Burst Effects on Radio] and Radar]Based Systems 141Dale E. Gary and Timothy S. Bastian 7. Space Weather Influences on HF, UHF, and VHF Radio Propagation 153Gary S. Bust, William Liles, and Cathryn Mitchell 8. GNSS/GPS Degradation from Space Weather 165Anthea J. Coster and Endawoke Yizengaw 9. Geomagnetic Field Impacts on Ground Systems 183John Kappenman and William Radasky Epilogue: The Road to Future Progress in Space Weather Understanding 215Philip J. Erickson, Louis J. Lanzerotti, and Anthea J. Coster Index 217
£999.99
John Wiley & Sons Inc Astrophysics
Book SynopsisASTROPHYSICS The new edition of the popular textbook for undergraduate astronomers, covers the how of astrophysicsAstrophysics: Decoding the Cosmos, Second Edition, describes how information about the physical nature of stars and other celestial bodies is obtained and analyzed to gain a better understanding of the universe. This acclaimed introductory textbook makes the complex principles and theories underlying astrophysics accessible to students with basic knowledge of first-year calculus-based physics and introductory astronomy. Reader-friendly chapters explore physical processes using relevant examples and clear explanations of how radiation and particles are analyzed. Such analysis leads to the density, temperature, mass, and energy of astronomical objects.In the time since the first publication of Astrophysics, the power of telescopes has increased considerably. Reflecting advancements in the field, this new edition includes carefully reviewedTable of ContentsPreface to the 1st edition xiii Preface to the 2nd edition xv Acknowledgments – 1st Edition xvii Acknowledgments – 2nd Edition xix List of Symbols xxi About the Companion Website xxiii Introduction xxv I.1 Dimensions, Units and Equations xxix Problems xxxiv Just for Fun xxxiv Part I: The Nonelectromagnetic Signal 1 Chapter 1: The Particles: Macroscopic to Subatomic 3 1.1 Meteoritics 4 1.1.1 Dating Meteorites 7 1.1.2 Infrasound 9 1.1.3 Gathering Dust 15 1.2 Cosmic Rays 17 1.2.1 Cosmic Ray Composition 18 1.2.2 The Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum 19 1.2.3 The Origin of Primary Cosmic Rays 23 1.3 Neutrinos 25 1.3.1 The Neutrino Spectrum 27 1.3.2 Astrophysics with Neutrinos 30 Problems 32 Just for Fun 35 Chapter 2: Gravitational Radiation: A New Window 37 2.1 Concepts of Relativity 37 2.2 The Fabric of Space–Time 38 2.3 Curved Space–Time near a Mass 40 2.4 Gravitational Waves 43 2.5 GWs from Binary Orbits 45 2.6 Evolution of a Binary Orbit 48 2.6.1 The Inspiral 48 2.6.2 The ‘Death-Spiral’ 51 2.7 Indirect Proof of the Existence of Gravitational Waves 53 2.8 Direct Proof of the Existence of Gravitational Waves 55 2.9 Even Newer Windows 58 Problems 59 Just for Fun 60 Part II: The EM Signal Observed 63 Chapter 3: Defining the Signal 65 3.1 The Power of Light – Luminosity and Spectral Power 65 3.2 Light Through a Surface – Flux and Flux Density 69 3.3 The Brightness of Light – Intensity and Specific Intensity 72 3.4 Light from All Angles – Energy Density and Mean Intensity 78 3.5 How Light Pushes – Radiation Pressure 80 3.6 The Human Perception of Light – Magnitudes 83 3.6.1 Apparent Magnitude 83 3.6.2 Absolute Magnitude 86 3.6.3 The Colour Index and Bolometric Correction 86 3.6.4 Gaia and the HR Diagram 87 3.6.5 Magnitudes Beyond Stars 90 3.7 Light Aligned – Polarization 90 Problems 91 Just for Fun 95 Chapter 4: Measuring the Signal 97 4.1 Spectral Filters and the Panchromatic Universe 97 4.2 Catching the Signal – The Telescope 100 4.2.1 Collecting and Focussing the Signal 103 4.2.2 Detecting the Signal 105 4.2.3 Field of View and Pixel Resolution 107 4.2.4 Diffraction and Diffraction-limited Resolution 107 4.2.5 Weighting the Aperture – Interferometry 109 4.3 The Corrupted Signal – The Atmosphere 113 4.3.1 Atmospheric Refraction 113 4.3.2 Seeing 114 4.3.3 Adaptive Optics 118 4.3.4 Scintillation 121 4.3.5 Atmospheric Reddening 121 4.4 Processing the Signal 122 4.4.1 Correcting the Signal 122 4.4.2 Calibrating the Signal 123 4.5 Analysing the Signal 123 4.6 Visualizing the Signal 125 4.7 Comparing Signals in Disparate Wavebands 129 Problems 130 Just for Fun 132 Part III: Matter and Radiation Essentials 133 Chapter 5: Matter Essentials 135 5.1 The Big Bang 135 5.2 Dark and Light Matter 136 5.3 Abundances of the Elements 141 5.3.1 Primordial Abundance 141 5.3.2 Stellar Evolution and ISM Enrichment 141 5.3.3 Supernovae and Explosive Nucleosynthesis 146 5.3.4 Abundances in the Milky Way, Its Star Formation History and the IMF 149 5.4 The Gaseous Universe 154 5.4.1 Kinetic Temperature and the Maxwell– Boltzmann Velocity Distribution 157 5.4.2 The Ideal Gas 159 5.4.3 The Mean Free Path and Collision Rate 162 5.4.4 Statistical Equilibrium, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, and Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium 165 5.4.5 Excitation and the Boltzmann Equation 169 5.4.6 Ionization and the Saha Equation 173 5.4.7 Probing the Gas 174 5.5 The Dusty Universe 176 5.5.1 Observational Effects of Dust 177 5.5.2 Structure and Composition of Dust 182 5.5.3 The Origin of Dust 184 Problems 185 Just for Fun 187 Chapter 6: Radiation Essentials 189 6.1 Black Body Radiation 189 6.1.1 The Brightness Temperature 193 6.1.2 The Rayleigh–Jeans law and Wien’s law 195 6.1.3 Wien’s Displacement law and Stellar Colours 197 6.1.4 The Stefan–Boltzmann law, Stellar Luminosity and the HR Diagram 199 6.1.5 Energy Density and Pressure in Stars 200 6.2 Grey Bodies and Planetary Temperatures 201 6.2.1 The Equilibrium Temperature of a Grey Body 204 6.2.2 Exoplanets and Their Detection 209 Problems 213 Just for Fun 217 Part IV: The EM Signal Perturbed 219 Chapter 7: The Interaction of Light with Matter 221 7.1 The Photon Redirected – Scattering 222 7.1.1 Elastic Scattering 226 7.1.2 Inelastic Scattering 234 7.2 The Photon Lost – Absorption 238 7.2.1 Particle Kinetic Energy – Heating 238 7.2.2 Change of State – Ionization and the Strömgren Sphere 239 7.3 The Wavefront Redirected – Refraction 242 7.4 Quantifying Opacity and Transparency 245 7.4.1 Total Opacity and the Optical Depth 245 7.4.2 Dynamics of Opacity – Pulsation and Stellar Winds 249 7.5 The Opacity of Dust – Extinction 253 Problems 255 Just for Fun 259 Chapter 8: The Signal Transferred 261 8.1 Types of Energy Transfer 261 8.2 The Equation of Transfer 263 8.3 Solutions to the Equation of Transfer 265 8.3.1 Case A: No Cloud 265 8.3.2 Case B: Absorbing, but Not Emitting Cloud 266 8.3.3 Case C: Emitting, but Not Absorbing Cloud 266 8.3.4 Case D: Cloud in Thermodynamic Equilibrium (TE) 267 8.3.5 Case E: Emitting and Absorbing Cloud 267 8.3.6 Case F: Emitting and Absorbing Cloud in LTE 268 8.4 Implications of the LTE Solution 268 8.4.1 Implications for Temperature 268 8.4.2 Observability of Emission and Absorption Lines 269 8.4.3 Determining Temperature and Optical Depth of HI Clouds 276 Problems 279 Just for Fun 280 Chapter 9: The Interaction of Light with Space 281 9.1 Redshifts and Blueshifts 282 9.1.1 The Doppler Shift – Deciphering Dynamics 282 9.1.2 The Expansion Redshift 291 9.1.3 The Gravitational Redshift 294 9.2 Gravitational Refraction 295 9.2.1 Geometry and Mass of a Gravitational Lens 296 9.2.2 Microlensing – MACHOs and Planets 301 9.2.3 Cosmological Distances with Gravitational Lenses – Time Delays and H0 303 9.3 Time Variability and Source Size 305 9.4 A Brief Coda 305 Problems 306 Just for Fun 310 Part V: The EM Signal Emitted 311 Chapter 10: Continuum Emission 313 10.1 Characteristics of Continuum Emission – Thermal and Nonthermal 314 10.2 Bremsstrahlung (Free–Free) Emission 315 10.2.1 The Thermal Bremsstrahlung Spectrum 316 10.2.2 Radio Emission from HII and Other Ionized Regions 321 10.2.3 X-ray Emission from Hot Diffuse Gas 325 10.3 Free–Bound (Recombination) Emission 332 10.4 Two-Photon Emission 335 10.5 Synchrotron (and Cyclotron) Radiation 336 10.5.1 Cyclotron Radiation – Planets to Pulsars 339 10.5.2 The Synchrotron Spectrum 345 10.5.3 Determining Synchrotron Source Properties 349 10.5.4 Synchrotron Sources – Spurs, Bubbles, Jets, Lobes, and Relics 353 10.6 Inverse Compton Radiation 356 Problems 360 Just for Fun 363 Chapter 11: Line Emission 365 11.1 The Richness of the Spectrum – Radio Waves to Gamma Rays 366 11.1.1 Electronic Transitions – Optical and UV Lines 366 11.1.2 Rotational and Vibrational Transitions – Molecules, IR and mm-Wave Spectra 367 11.1.3 Nuclear Transitions – 𝛾-Rays and High Energy Events 371 11.2 The Line Strengths, Thermalization, and the Critical Gas Density 376 11.3 Line Broadening 378 11.3.1 Doppler Broadening and Temperature Diagnostics 378 11.3.2 Pressure Broadening 382 11.4 Probing Physical Conditions Via Electronic Transitions 384 11.4.1 Radio Recombination Lines 384 11.4.2 Optical Recombination Lines 390 11.4.3 The 21 Cm Line of Hydrogen 394 11.5 Probing Physical Conditions Via Molecular Transitions 398 11.5.1 The Carbon Monoxide (CO) Molecule 399 Problems 401 Just for Fun 403 Part VI: The Signal Decoded 405 Chapter 12: Forensic Astronomy 407 12.1 Complex Spectra 408 12.1.1 Isolating the Signal 408 12.1.2 Modelling the Signal 410 12.2 Case Studies – The Active, the Young, and the Old 415 12.2.1 Case Study 1: The Galactic Centre (the Active) 415 12.2.2 Case Study 2. The Cygnus Star-Forming Complex (the Young) 419 12.2.3 Case Study 3: The Globular Cluster, NGC 6397 (the Old) 422 12.3 The Messenger and the Message 426 Problems 427 Just for Fun 429 Appendix T 431 Acronym Key to Bibliography 441 References and In-Depth Reading 442 Index 467
£95.90
Cambridge University Press 300 Problems in Special and General Relativity
Book SynopsisEinstein''s theories of special relativity and general relativity form a core part of today''s undergraduate (or Masters-level) physics curriculum. This is a supplementary problem book or student''s manual, consisting of 150 problems in each of special and general relativity. The problems, which have been developed, tested and refined by the authors over the past two decades, are a mixture of short-form and multi-part extended problems, with hints provided where appropriate. Complete solutions are elaborated for every problem, in a different section of the book; some solutions include brief discussions on their physical or historical significance. Designed as a companion text to complement a main relativity textbook, it does not assume access to any specific textbook. This is a helpful resource for advanced students, for self-study, a source of problems for university teaching assistants, or as inspiration for instructors and examiners constructing problems for their lectures, homeworkTable of ContentsPreface; Notation, Concepts, and Conventions in Relativity Theory; 1. Special Relativity Theory; 2. General Relativity Theory; 3. Solutions to Problems; Bibliography; Problem Index.
£69.99
WW Norton & Co Letters from an Astrophysicist
Book SynopsisNew York Times Bestseller A luminous companion to the phenomenal bestseller Astrophysics for People in a Hurry.Trade Review"Scintillating....Tyson’s latest is a stimulating companion to his Astrophysics for People in a Hurry and both are recommended for inspiring readers wary of science to give it a chance." -- Booklist (starred review)
£15.19
Johns Hopkins University Press Time Travel
Book SynopsisIf you ever wanted to set up the latest and greatest grandfather paradox-or just wanted to know if the time-bending events in the latest pulp you read could ever happen-then this book is for you.Trade ReviewAn exciting read covering every aspect of time travel. -- David Reneke Australasian Science Magazine 2011Table of ContentsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. Time Travel in the Pulps2. Special Relativity and Time Travel to the Future3. Time Travel to the Past4. Hyperspace5. Time as the Fourth Dimension6. The Black Universe7. When General Relativity Made Time Travel Honest...8. Paradoxes: Changing the Past, Causal Loops, and Sex9. Time Machines that Physicists Have Already 'Invented'10. Faster-Than-Light (FTL) Into the Past11. Quantum Gravity, Splitting Universes, and Time Machines12. Reading the Physics Literature for Story IdeasGlossary of Selected TermsBibligraphyIndex
£21.60
Taylor & Francis Inc Physics from Planet Earth An Introduction to
Book SynopsisExpose Your Students to the Elegant World of Physics in an Enticing WayPhysics from Planet Earth - An Introduction to Mechanics provides a one-semester, calculus-based introduction to classical mechanics for first-year undergraduate students studying physics, chemistry, astronomy, or engineering. Developed from classroom-tested materials refined and updated for over ten years at Colgate University, the book guides students on a journey beyond standard approaches that use blocks, projectiles, and inclined planes to grander themes involving interplanetary travel, exoplanets, asteroid collisions, and dark matter.Beginning students are often bewildered by the rapid-fire presentation of physical concepts, mathematics, and problem-solving strategies in traditional introductory textbooks. In contrast, this text:Introduces the three conservation laws (momentum, energy, and angular momentum) as fundamental laws of nature from Trade Review"Reading this book makes me want to teach intro physics right away!"—James Battat, Wellesley College "… a special and unique text for teaching basic mechanics. … the authors are excellent writers, possessing literary acuity and sensitivity in unusual measure."—Dr. Lyle Roelofs, President, Berea College "Astronomy is overflowing with exciting discoveries, ranging from Earth-planets orbiting other stars to exotic phenomena such as black holes and neutron stars. This book brilliantly leverages these topics to entice students to a deeper study of classical mechanics."—David Charbonneau, Professor of Astronomy, Harvard University "A refreshing departure from mainstream textbooks on classical mechanics that any ingenuous and inquisitive student will love."—Stefano Moretti, Professor, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton Table of ContentsMathematical Toolbox. Conservation of Momentum. Conservation of Energy. Conservation of Angular Momentum. Going Beyond. Appendices. Index.
£86.99
Apple Academic Press Inc. Equivalence
Book SynopsisEquivalence: Elizabeth L. Scott at Berkeley is the compelling story of one pioneering statistician's relentless twenty-year effort to promote the status of women in academe and science. Part biography and part microhistory, the book provides the context and background to understand Scott's masterfulness at using statistics to help solve societal problems. In addition to being one of the first researchers to work at the interface of astronomy and statistics and an early practitioner of statistics using high-speed computers, Scott worked on an impressively broad range of questions in science, from whether cloud seeding actually works to whether ozone depletion causes skin cancer. Later in her career, Scott became swept up in the academic women's movement. She used her well-developed scientific research skills together with the advocacy skills she had honed, in such activities as raising funds for Martin Luther King Jr. and keeping Free Speech Movement students outTrade Review "This book is an amazing tour de force." ~ Juliet Shaffer, University of California-Berkeley"What an intriguing life Scott led!" ~ Deborah Bennett, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Ret. "The details of what was done when in response to situations are revealing and instructive. We should all have access to her story." ~ Brian Yandell, University of Wisconsin"The way in which Scott was able to continue her research while simultaneously serving the University system through her gender discrimination work is exemplary and should be inspirational to the academic women of today. Women are still recognised as being under-represented at higher levels of academia, particularly in science, even though it is now 50 years after Scott commenced her investigations! Men and women who are interested in the history of statistics and in the history of gender equity in universities will want to own this book. There is inspiration to be gained and lessons to be learnt by those who still face gender inequity in academia today." ~ Alice Richardson, ANU College of Medicine, Canberra"Equivalence tells the captivating story of statistician Elizabeth L. Scott, who was a trail blazer for all women in academia, and especially in statistics . . . During her entire time in the Statistics Department, she overlapped with only four other women . . . It is a story of the love, passion, and commitment exhibited by Betty throughout her personal and professional life. It also illustrates the love, passion, and commitment of the author (statistician Amanda Golbeck) for telling Betty’s story. . . Reading Equivalence was an eye-opening experience for me. Having received my PhD in Statistics in 1978, the book helped me place my academic career in a larger context. It felt somewhat like I had boarded a train part way through a treacherous journey, and only slowly came to realize the hardships the passengers had faced before reaching my embarkation point. It brought back memories of some of my early experiences . . ." ~ Jessica Utts, American Statistician"This book is an amazing tour de force." ~ Juliet Shaffer, University of California-Berkeley"What an intriguing life Scott led!" ~ Deborah Bennett, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Ret. "The details of what was done when in response to situations are revealing and instructive. We should all have access to her story." ~ Brian Yandell, University of Wisconsin"The way in which Scott was able to continue her research while simultaneously serving the University system through her gender discrimination work is exemplary and should be inspirational to the academic women of today. Women are still recognised as being under-represented at higher levels of academia, particularly in science, even though it is now 50 years after Scott commenced her investigations! Men and women who are interested in the history of statistics and in the history of gender equity in universities will want to own this book. There is inspiration to be gained and lessons to be learnt by those who still face gender inequity in academia today." ~ Alice Richardson, ANU College of Medicine, Canberra"Equivalence tells the captivating story of statistician Elizabeth L. Scott, who was a trail blazer for all women in academia, and especially in statistics . . . During her entire time in the Statistics Department, she overlapped with only four other women . . . It is a story of the love, passion, and commitment exhibited by Betty throughout her personal and professional life. It also illustrates the love, passion, and commitment of the author (statistician Amanda Golbeck) for telling Betty’s story. . . Reading Equivalence was an eye-opening experience for me. Having received my PhD in Statistics in 1978, the book helped me place my academic career in a larger context. It felt somewhat like I had boarded a train part way through a treacherous journey, and only slowly came to realize the hardships the passengers had faced before reaching my embarkation point. It brought back memories of some of my early experiences . . ." ~ Jessica Utts, American StatisticianTable of ContentsIntroduction. Framing the local research questions (1968). West Point and the field artillery family (ancestry I). Collecting, managing, and summarizing the local data (1969). Aunt Phoebe the astronomer (ancestry II). Reporting the local data (1970). Becoming an outlier. Using the local data for advocacy (1971). 10,000 hours of professional practice. Regressing national data (1972). The UC - Berkeley department of statistics. Focusing on salary data (1973). With Jerzy Neyman. Advocating for data quality improvement (1974). Loyalty oath, civil rights, free speech. Using statistical reasoning toward affirmative action (1975). Productivity as a statistical scientist. Creating the salary evaluation kit (1976). Influencing academic salaries (1977). Continuing efforts to further the careers of academic women (1978 - 1981). After Neyman. (1982 - 1988).
£64.99
University of Nebraska Press Bold They Rise
Book SynopsisAfter the Apollo program put twelve men on the moon and safely brought them home, anything seemed possible. In this spirit, the team at NASA set about developing the Space Shuttle, arguably the most complex piece of machinery ever created. The world's first reusable spacecraft, it launched like a rocket, landed like a glider, and carried out complicated missions in between. Bold They Rise tells the story of the Space Shuttle through the personal experiences of the astronauts, engineers, and scientists who made it happen-in space and on the ground, from the days of research and design through the heroic accomplishments of the program to the tragic last minutes of the Challenger disaster. In the participants' own voices, we learn what so few are privy to: what it was like to create a new form of spacecraft, to risk one's life testing that craft, to float freely in the vacuum of space as a one-man satellite, to witness a friend's death. A guided tour of the shuttle-in historical, scientific, and personal terms-this book provides a fascinating, richly informed, and deeply personal view of a feat without parallel in the human story.Trade Review"This book is a welcome addition to the spectacular Outward Odyssey series and any space enthusiast's collection that does not carry it—is missing something vital. . . . [Bold They Rise] is at times gripping with the thrill found only in the "firsts" involved with anything to do with space exploration . . . a solid read which provides important information regarding NASA's program of record for more than thirty years."—Jason Rhian, spaceflightinsider.com"Bold They Rise is one of those works that will allow the memory of the Space Shuttle to remain alive, conveying the beauty and difficult of flying and working in space."—Davide Sivolella, Florida Historical Quarterly“Although the shuttle program has now run its course, this wonderful book brings back the awe, the inspiration, the promise, and the sadness associated with the early history of those magnificent vehicles and the teams of ground and flight crews that flew them.”—Jerry L. Ross (Col., USAF, Ret.), NASA astronaut, STS-61B, -27, -37, -55, -74, -88, and -110, and author of Spacewalker: My Journey in Space and Faith as NASA’s Record-Setting Frequent Flyer"This book is essential reading and perhaps the perfect companion to Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex's recently opened Atlantis exhibit."—Emily Carney, americaspace.com“Read this book to experience the Space Shuttle as it matured. Smith and Hitt tap sources that made this aerospace wonder’s early history. You’ll feel the needs and wants of those involved; the joys and sadness that came with conceiving, building, and flying this vehicle. It’s a trip—I know.”—Charles D. Walker, engineer, corporate executive, first commercial industry astronaut, STS-41D, STS-51D, STS-61B"Space enthusiasts will enjoy this work."—CHOICE“A rich, engaging account of the first years of the Space Shuttle era, Bold They Rise recounts the development and pioneering missions of a truly magnificent flying machine that helped open the door to space for scientists such as myself.”—Donald A. Thomas, NASA astronaut, STS-65, STS-70, STS-83, and STS-94Table of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordPrefaceAcknowledgments1. The Feeling of Flying2. In the Beginning3. TFNG4. Getting Ready to Fly5. First Flight6. The Demonstration Flights7. Open for Business8. The Next Steps9. Science on the Shuttle10. Secret Missions11. People and Payloads12. The Golden Age13. To Touch the Face of GodSourcesIndex
£18.89
University of Nebraska Press The X15 Rocket Plane
Book Synopsis With the Soviet Union’s launch of the first Sputnik satellite in 1957, the Cold War soared to new heights as Americans feared losing the race into space. The X-15 Rocket Plane tells the enthralling yet little-known story of the hypersonic X-15, the winged rocket ship that met this challenge and opened the way into human-controlled spaceflight. Drawing on interviews with those who were there, Michelle Evans captures the drama and excitement of, yes, rocket science: how to handle the heat generated at speeds up to Mach 7, how to make a rocket propulsion system that could throttle, and how to safely reenter the atmosphere from space and make a precision landing. This book puts a human face on the feats of science and engineering that went into the X-15 program, many of them critical to the development of the Space Shuttle. And, finally, it introduces us to the largely unsung pilots of the X-15. By the time of the Apollo 11 moon landing, thirty-one ATrade Review"[The X-15 Rocket Plane is] a cogently written and well-deserved tribute to the individuals who helped take a winged rocket beyond Earth's confining atmosphere."—John Carver Edwards, Book Verdict "Engle and Armstrong devotees won’t be disappointed with the stories about their heroes in this tome."—American Space"The X-15 Rocket Plane is an engaging account of America's push into space before pilots became astronauts, and America began a new era of exploration beyond the Earth to the Moon."—Anthony Young, Space Review"The importance of the X-15 on the early exploration of space and the subsequent development of the Shuttle program cannot be overstated."—Book Bit, WTBF-AM/FM"This is a remarkably fine work, one that, despite all the writings on the X-15 to date, has found its own authentic voice."—Richard P. Hallion, Quest"The social element in this splendid book adds much to the overall history of this remarkably successful research aircraft."—Mick Jeffries, Aerospace"[The X-15 Rocket Plane] is a serious and substantial work of history . . . it deserves a wide readership among space enthusiasts and professional historians alike."—A. Bowdoin Van Riper, The Historian"Michelle Evans has written the definitive book on the X-15, the men who flew her, and the managers and support people who kept her flying."—Allen G. Taylor, National Space Society“Long before the space shuttle, the United States was flying astronauts with the courage of lions into space aboard wings of steel. This is the story of the astonishing X-15, America’s first space plane, which broke records nearly every time it flew. It is a magnificent tale, well told in this meticulously researched book. Everyone with an interest in aviation, space, or high-flying adventure should read it.”—Homer Hickam, author of Rocket Boys“This book gives a fascinating and superbly detailed look into X-15 technology and the dedicated people who first took a winged craft beyond the atmosphere. Along the way it teaches valuable and pertinent lessons for those of us in the private space sector now working to build on that phenomenal legacy.”—Col. Rick Searfoss, U.S. Air Force (Ret.), former space shuttle commander and pilotTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordAcknowledgmentsIntroduction1. The Whole Nine Yards2. A Record High3. Gaining Speed4. Naval Engagement5. Changing Course6. Straight and Steady7. Skipping Out8. On a Roll9. Inconel Meets Celluloid10. Fastest Man Alive11. Chasing Experiments12. In the Line of Duty13. Snow at EdwardsAfterwordGlossarySourcesIndex
£22.79
Taylor & Francis Inc Gravitation
Book SynopsisThis book suitable for post graduates in Physics and Astrophysics aims at introducing the theory of general relativity as an important background for doing astrophysics. Starting from a detailed discussion of the various mathematical concepts for doing general relativity, the book introduces the geometric description of gravity. It gives a brief historical perspective to classical mechanics and electrodynamics making an attempt to establish the necessity of special relativity as propounded by Einstein extending to General Relativity. This book is a good starting point for post graduates wanting to pursue the modern topics of Cosmology, High energy astrophysics and related areas.Table of ContentsMathematical Preliminaries. Pre Relativistic Physics. Special Relativity. General Relativity. Accretion Astrophysics. Inertial Forces in GR. Gravity as a Gauge Theory.
£175.75
Taylor & Francis Inc Space Weather Fundamentals
Book SynopsisSpace weather is one of the most significant natural hazards to human life and health. Conditions of the sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere can influence the performance and reliability of space-borne and ground-based technological systems. If conditions in the space environment are adverse, they can cause disruption of satellite operations, communications, navigation, and electric power distribution grids, leading to a variety of socioeconomic losses. This book provides an overview of our current knowledge and theoretical understanding of space weather formation and covers all major topics of this phenomena, from the sun to the Earth's ionosphere and thermosphere, thus providing a fully updated review of this rapidly advancing field. The book brings together an outstanding team of internationally recognised contributors to cover topics such as solar wind, the earth''s magnetic field, radiation belts, the aurora, spacecraft charging,Table of ContentsSpace Weather Drivers. Sun. Solar Wind. Earth’s Magnetic Field. Solar Wind Magnetosphere Interaction. The Magnetosheath and its Boundaries. Magnetic Reconnection. Magnetospheric Electric Fields and Current Systems. Geomagnetic Tail-Inner Magnetosphere Coupling. Ring Current. Radiation Belts. Plasmasphere. Polar Wind. "Imaging" the Aurora: Understanding Space Weather in the Upper Atmosphere. Ionospheric Electrodynamics. Simulating Space Weather. Space Weather and the Extra-Terrestrial Planets. Space Weather Applications. Spacecraft Charging. Orbital Drag. Space Weather Effects on Communication and Navigation.
£454.91
