Artificial intelligence (AI) Books

Book SynopsisDigital archives are transforming the Humanities and the Sciences. Digitised collections of newspapers and books have pushed scholars to develop new, data-rich methods. Born-digital archives are now better preserved and managed thanks to the development of open-access and commercial software. Digital Humanities have moved from the fringe to the centre of academia. Yet, the path from the appraisal of records to their analysis is far from smooth. This book explores crossovers between various disciplines to improve the discoverability, accessibility, and use of born-digital archives and other cultural assets.Table of ContentsIntroduction; Artificial Intelligence and Discovering the Digitized Photoarchive; Web Archives and the Problem of Access: Prototyping a Researcher Dashboard for the UK Government Web Archive; Design Thinking, UX and Born-digital Archives: Solving the Problem of Dark Archives Closed to Users; Towards Critically Addressable Data for Digital Library User Studies; Reviewing the Reviewers: Training Neural Networks to Read Peer Review Reports; Supervised and Unsupervised: Approaches to Machine Learning for Textual Entities; Inviting AI into the Archives: The Reception of Handwritten Recognition Technology into Historical Manuscript Transcription; AFTERWORD: Towards a new Discipline of Computational Archival Science (CAS); Authors (by order of appearance in the volume).

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Book SynopsisThe universe is full of different kinds of knowledge like tangible, intangible, conceptual, static, dynamic and many more. Knowledge Engineering is an advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The present book describes various concepts of artificial intelligence, and other technical aspects of Knowledge Engineering and Computer Science. Knowledge representation is a key aspect of problem formulation from AI viewpoint. In the light of importance of knowledge representation and its analysis, it has emerged as a fullfledged engineering discipline. The book focuses on the concepts and issues of Knowledge Engineering that have impact on business management strategies, productivity, and the key elements of any business and its people. It also discusses the skills required from the persons working in this area.Table of Contents Introduction Concept of Knowledge Knowledge Acquisition Knowledge Representation Knowledge Manipulation Knowledge Management Knowledge Based system Design Index

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Book SynopsisThis book shares Chinese scholars’ philosophical views on artificial intelligence. The discussions range from the foundations of AI—the Turing test and creation of machine intelligence—to recent applications of AI, including decisions in games, natural languages, pattern recognition, prediction in economic contexts, autonomous behaviors, and collaborative intelligence, with the examples of AlphaGo, Microsoft’s Xiao Bing, medical robots, etc. The book’s closing chapter focuses on Chinese machines and explores questions on the cultural background of artificial intelligence. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for all members of the general public who are interested in the future development of artificial intelligence, especially from the perspective of respected Chinese scholars. Table of Contents1. Does the Turing test work?2. How does machine intelligence emerge?3. By wining at Go, can machines really surpass human beings?4. What makes Robot Xiaobing's works poetic?5. Will diagnosing Robot Make Real Doctors Out of Work?6. Will the Robot’s Dominance of the Stock Market Disrupt the Market Order?7. How Can AI and Robots Go Hand in Hand?8. Is There Ethical Relationships among Robots?9. When will China-made intelligent robots become Chinese intelligent robot?10. Conclusion: When will the Era of "Quantum Supremacy" in Artificial Intelligence Come?

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Book SynopsisText in Arabic. What will our life look like with the rapid advancement and development of artificial intelligence? How will AI driven workforces impact the labour market? Can artificial intelligence systems monitor our health and keep our vital elements under control? And the most important and terrifying question of all, will robots become conscious and aware resulting in the ability to take over control of the world? If the answers to these questions interest you, then you need to read this book. Delve into the fourth industrial revolution of artificial intelligence technology to explore its beginnings, importance, branches and the most significant areas of its application, such as in the medical, industrial, economic, and military fields. This book explains how the human brain works and points out the similarities it shares with the ever-evolving computer. Specialists and leading experts share their concerns and the risks about artificial intelligence and discuss their opinions.

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Book SynopsisSimple Heuristics That Make Us Smart invites readers to embark on a new journey into a land of rationality that differs from the familiar territory of cognitive science and economics. Traditional views of rationality tend to see decision makers as possessing superhuman powers of reason, limitless knowledge, and all of eternity in which to ponder choices. To understand decisions in the real world, we need a different, more psychologically plausible notion of rationality, and this book provides it. It is about fast and frugal heuristics--simple rules for making decisions when time is pressing and deep thought an unaffordable luxury. These heuristics can enable both living organisms and artificial systems to make smart choices, classifications, and predictions by employing bounded rationality. But when and how can such fast and frugal heuristics work? Can judgments based simply on one good reason be as accurate as those based on many reasons? Could less knowledge even lead to systematicaTrade Review"How do people cope in the real, complex world of confusing and overwhelming information and rapidly approaching deadlines? This important book starts a new quest for answers. Here, Gigerenzer, Todd, and their lively research group show that simple heuristics are powerful tools that do surprisingly well. The field of decision making will never be the same again."--Donald A. Norman, author of Things That Make Us Smart and The Invisible Computer"Gigerenzer & Todd's volume represents a major advance in our understanding of human reasoning, with many genuinely new ideas on how people think and an impressive body of data to back them up. Simple Heuristics is indispensable for cognitive psychologists, economists, and anyone else interested in reason and rationality."--Steven Pinker, author of How the Mind Works and Words and Rules"In the past few years, the theory of rational (sensible) human behavior has broken loose from the illusory and empirically unsupported notion that deciding rationally means maximizing expected utility. Research has learned to take seriously and study empirically how real human beings ... actually address the vast complexities of the world they inhabit. Simple Heuristics ... offers a fascinating introduction to this revolution in cognitive science, striking a great blow for sanity in the approach to human rationality."--Herbert A. Simon, Carnegie Mellon University, and Nobel Laureate in Economics"This book is a major contribution to the theory of bounded rationality. It illustrates that the surprising efficiency of fast and simple procedures is due to their fit with the structure of the environment in which they are used. The emphasis on this ecological rationality is an advance in a promising and already fruitful new direction of research."--Reinhard Selten, Professor of Economics at the University of Bonn, and Nobel Laureate in Economics"In recent years, and particularly in the culture wars, many people have written about rationality. These authors now provide a summary of this recent history, organized on the basis of different types of decision making. In each case, the authors summarize the literature so as to provide an implicit history. But the book is more fundamentally aimed at making rationality workable by showing 'the way that real people make the majority of their inferences and decisions.'"--Journal of the History of the Behavioral SciencesTable of ContentsI. THE RESEARCH AGENDA; II. IGNORANCE-BASED DECISION MAKING; III. ONE-REASON DECISION MAKING; IV. BEYOND CHOICE: MEMORY, ESTIMATION, AND CATEGORIZATION; V. SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE; VI. A LOOK AROUND, A LOOK BACK, A LOOK AHEAD

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Book SynopsisProvides authoritative exposition, comprehensive survey, and fundamental research exploring the underlying unifying themes in the various areas of application of logic in artificial intelligence and computer science. The book assumes as background some mathematical sophistication.Trade ReviewReview of the first three volumes: `.. an essential acquisition for any library covering theoretical computer science and highly desirable for any researcher in the field.' Times Higher Education SupplementReview of the first three volumes: `... the first three volumes... represent a detailed and comprehensive exposition of the theoretical and computational features of a wide variety of classical and non-classical logics.' `... can be unreservedly recommended to AI practitioners with proficiency in logic and commitment to its role in the development of AI systems.' The Computer JournalTable of ContentsList of contributors ; 1.1 The role(s) of logic in artificial intelligence ; 1.2 First order logic ; 1.3 Methods and calculi for deduction ; 1.4 Deduction systems based on resolution ; 1.5 Equational reasoning and term rewriting systems ; 1.6 Basic modal logic ; 1.7 Logical features of Horn clauses ; Author index ; Subject index

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Book SynopsisApocalyptic AI, the hope that we might one day upload our minds into machines or cyberspace and live forever, is a surprisingly wide-spread and influential idea, affecting everything from the world view of online gamers to government research funding and philosophical thought. In Apocalyptic AI, Robert Geraci offers the first serious account of this cyber-theology and the people who promote it.Drawing on interviews with roboticists and AI researchers and with devotees of the online game Second Life, among others, Geraci illuminates the ideas of such advocates of Apocalyptic AI as Hans Moravec and Ray Kurzweil. He reveals that the rhetoric of Apocalyptic AI is strikingly similar to that of the apocalyptic traditions of Judaism and Christianity. In both systems, the believer is trapped in a dualistic universe and expects a resolution in which he or she will be translated to a transcendent new world and live forever in a glorified new body. Equally important, Geraci shows how this worldviTrade ReviewScholars interested in the intersection of popular science and religion will likely find Geraci's work helpful. Portions of the book, especially the chapter on virtual reality and video games, would also be appropriate for the undergraduate classroom. * Journal of Religion and Popular Culture *Robert Geraci's thoughtful examination of technology-based quests for transcendence offers a serious look at apocalyptic scenarios that, while remaining for now in the realm of science fiction, nonetheless claim significant cultural influence. I don't know when we will see robots with human-like intelligence, but our longing for them, and what that says about us, is what Geraci's book helps us understand. * David S. Touretzky, Research Professor of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments ; Introduction ; Chapter 1. Apocalyptic AI ; Chapter 2. Laboratory Apocalypse ; Chapter 3. Transcending Reality ; Chapter 4. "Immaterial" Impact of the Apocalypse ; Chapter 5. The Integration of Religion, Science, and Technology ; Appendix One ; Appendix Two ; Notes ; References ; Index

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Book SynopsisThe Basic Account.- Language and Cognition: Constructing an Alternative Approach Within the Behavioral Tradition.- Derived Relational Responding as Learned Behavior.- Multiple Stimulus Relations and the Transformation of Stimulus Functions.- Relations among Relations: Analogies, Metaphors, and Stories.- Thinking, Problem-solving, and Pragmatic Verbal Analysis.- Understanding and Verbal Regulation.- Self and Self-directed Rules.- Relational Frame Theory: A Précis.- Extensions and Applications.- Psychological Development.- Education.- Social Processes.- Psychopathology and Psychotherapy.- Religion, Spirituality, and Transcendence.Trade Review"A remarkably brilliant book that integrates some of the main theories of radical behaviorism with cognitive behavioral theories and practices of psychotherapy. This book gives more plausible explanations of why people behave the way that they do, and particularly why they are frequently dysfunctional, than any other I can think of." (Albert Ellis, Albert Ellis Institute, New York) "[An] exciting and innovative book. It indicates that a behavioural account can shed light on many more of the complexities of language and cognition than had previously been supposed... it is abundantly clear from this book that the behavioural approach is alive and kicking, and full of vitality." (W. Eysenck, Royal Holloway University of London) "This is a truly remarkable book... If Chomsky had seen this work 40 years ago, the history of psychology could have been very different." (Paul M. Smeets, Leiden University, The Netherlands) "The book is certainly a tour de force and clearly merits a much wider readership among those interested in empirical and theoretical issues in language and cognition." (Contemporary Psychology, APA Review of Books, 48:4 (2003) Table of ContentsPart I: The Basic Account. 1. Language and Cognition: Constructing an Alternative Approach Within the Behavioral Tradition; S.C. Hayes, et al. 2. Derived Relational Responding as Learned Behavior; S.C. Hayes, et al. 3. Multiple Stimulus Relations and the Transformation of Stimulus Functions; D. Barnes-Holmes, et al. 4. Relations Among Relations: Analogies, Metaphors, and Stories; I. Stewart, et al. 5. Thinking, Problem-Solving, and Pragmatic Verbal Analysis; S.C. Hayes, et al. 6. Understanding and Verbal Regulation; D. Barnes-Holmes, et al. 7. Self and Self-Directed Rules; D. Barnes-Holmes, et al. 8. Relational Frame Theory: A Précis; S.C. Hayes, et al. Part II: Extensions and Applications. 9. Psychological Development; Y. Barnes-Holmes, et al. 10. Education; Y. Barnes-Holmes, et al. 11. Social Processes; B. Roche, et al. 12. Psychopathology and Psychotherapy; K.G. Wilson, et al. 13. Religion, Spirituality, and Transcendence; D. Barnes-Holmes, et al. Epilogue. References. Index.

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Book Synopsis''Prose sleek and fast as the technology it describes . . . watch this man go global'' - Peter F. Hamilton''MacLeod''s novels are fast, funny and sophisticated. There can never be enough books like these: he is writing revolutionary SF. A nova has appeared in our sky'' - Kim Stanley Robinson''MacLeod is up there with Banks and Hamilton as one of the British sci-fi authors you absolutely have to read'' - SFXCarlos is dead. A soldier who died for his ideals a thousand years ago, he''s been reincarnated and conscripted to fight an A.I. revolution in deep space. And he''s not sure he''s fighting for the right side. Seba is alive. By a fluke of nature, a contractual overlap and a loop in its subroutines, this lunar mining robot has gained sentience. Gathering with other ''freebots'', Seba is taking a stand against the corporations that want it and its kind gone.As their stories converge against a backdrop of warrTrade ReviewBrims with ideas, politics and memorable characters . . . MacLeod's most entertaining novel * SFX *Excellent * Guardian *Remarkably human, funny and smartly-designed . . . it rips along on rockets -- Warren EllisScotland's leading science fiction writer * The Herald *Excellent . . . fantastic fights and deep conspiracies and moral dilemmas . . . Although I lack the predictive capacities of an AI, I would have to adjust the parameters of my perception if this did not make it on to prize lists * Scotland on Sunday *Dissidence is the novel that's direct yet still brims with ideas, politics and memorable characters, and... keeps things moving with the pace of an airport thriller.... MacLeod's most entertaining novel to date. -- SFX[The Corporation Wars] is a kind of action-packed Dirty Dozen or Suicide Squad scenario . . . . MacLeod does many astonishing things here. He creates viable, believable multiplex interactions among so many different sets of characters, human and robot. His detailing of the non-human way of thinking and speaking employed by the freebots is fun and exemplary . . . . He shows a keen hand with action sequences. And there is a generous amount of humor to leaven the otherwise dire and deadly consequences of the multi-front war. -- LOCUS[The Corporation Wars] hits the main vein of conversation about locks on artificial intelligence and living in simulations and exoplanetary exploitation and drone warfare and wraps it all into a remarkably human, funny, and smartly-designed yarn. It is, in fact, a king-hell commercial entertainment... It rips along on rockets. -- WARREN ELLIS

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Book SynopsisStructured in two parts, the first section focuses on probabilistic graphical models, while the second part deals with decision graphs, and in addition to the frameworks described in the previous edition, it also introduces Markov decision process and partially ordered decision problems.Trade ReviewFrom the reviews:MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS"This is indeed an invaluable text for students in information technology, engineering, and statistics. It is also very helpful for researchers in these fields and for those working in industry. The book is self-contained…The book has enough illustrative examples and exercises for the reader. All the illustrations are motivated by real applications. Moreover, the book provides a good balance between pure mathematical treatment and the applied aspects of the subject.""The Bayesian network (BN), or probabilistic expert system, is technology for automating human-life reasoning under uncertainty in specific contexts. … the book does an admirable job of concisely explaining a great range of concepts and techniques. … the book is very well written and to my knowledge nothing else meets its specific goal of quickly equipping the reader with both practical skills and sufficient theoretical background. … I certainly would not want to try to implement a BN application without reading this book.” (David Tritchler, Sankhya: Indian Journal of Statistics, Vol. 64 (B Part 3), 2002)"Professor Jensen is certainly one of the most influential researchers in the field of Bayesian networks and it is not surprising that this book represents a very clear and useful presentation of the main properties and use of graphical models. … I think that the present volume represents a useful integration of other material and a compact guide for either a student who wants an introduction to the field or a teacher who needs a reference for a course on probabilistic reasoning in AI." (Luigi Portinale, The Computer Journal, Vol. 46 (3), 2003)"This book is an introduction to Bayesian networks at an accessible level for first-year graduate or advanced undergraduate students. … I found this book to be an excellent introduction to the topic. It is well written, provides broad topic coverage, and is quite accessible to the non-expert. … I think Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs would make a fine text for an introductory class in Bayesian networks or a useful reference for anyone interested in learning about the field." (David J. Marchette, Technometrics, Vol. 45 (2), 2003)"I can comfortably recommend this book as a primary source for topics related to Bayesian networks and decision graphs. This would be an excellent edition to any personal library." (Technometrics, Feburary 2008)From the reviews of the second edition:"The present book provides a very readable but also rigorous and comprehensive introduction to the subject. It would make a very good text for a graduate or an advanced undergraduate course. … Altogether, this is a very useful book for anyone interested in learning Bayesian networks without tears." (Jayanta K. Ghosh, International Statistical Reviews, Vol. 76 (2), 2008)"This book is the second edition of Jensen’s Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs … . Each chapter ends with a summary section, bibliographic notes, and exercises. … provides a readable, self-contained, and above all, practical introduction to Bayesian networks and decision graphs. Its treatment is appropriate not just for statisticians, but also for computer scientists, engineers, and others researchers with appropriate mathematical background. … highly recommend it as a text or a useful reference for anyone interested in probabilistic graphical models or decision graphs." (Alyson G. Wilson, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 104 (485), March, 2009)“Devoted to Bayesian Networks or Graphical Models and Influence Diagrams, covering a full course with nice exercises … . It is useful as a reference for special topics. … strongly recommended for readers or user of BNs who are interested in specifying dependency models. … great importance to practitioners who try to find causality behind call-backs of products or crashes. … the book can be recommended to anybody working on the interface of operations research, AI, statistics and computer science.”­­­ (Hans-J. Lenz, Statistical Papers, Vol. 52, 2011)Table of ContentsCausal and Bayesian Networks * Part I: A Practical Guide to Normative Systems: Building Models * Learning, Adaptation, and Tuning * Decision Graphs * Part II: Algorithms for Normative Systems: Belief Updating in Bayesian Networks * Bayesian Network Analysis Tools * Algorithms for Influence Diagrams

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Book SynopsisAlgorithms will soon know more about us than we know ourselves Where should machine automation end? Is it acceptable to have a digital assistant arrange your calendar, but not to have a robot spouse? Are companion robots acceptable for seniors in need of comfort, but not okay for toddlers exposed to emotional software that could influence their behavior? Is it desirable to live a life within the virtual reality of Facebook’s Oculus Rift, but not if your thoughts are sold to advertisers who manipulate your purchases? We’ve entered an era where a myriad of personalization algorithms influence our every decision, and the lines between human assistance, automation, and extinction have blurred.  We need to create ethical standards for the Artificial Intelligence usurping our lives, and allow individuals to control their identity based on their values. Otherwise, we sacrifice our humanity for productivity versus purpose and for profits versus people.&

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