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Book SynopsisThis book presents a theory of spacepower and considers the implications of space technology on strategy and international relations.Trade Review"War in Space is unquestionably a must-read book." - Augusto C. Dall'Agnol, E-International Relations. "Dr Bowen is a leading spacepower thinker and this book is the culmination of 8 year's work. It is an impressive and comprehensive study which makes a significant contribution to spacepower theory and will undoubtedly take its place on the essential reading lists of universities and defence academies around the world." - Andy Netherwood, Wavell Room. "War in Space delivers groundbreaking insights using traditional continental sea power theory as a template for strengthening space power theory. The largest contribution to space power thought in a generation, Bowen's seminal ideas are destined to inform wide audiences and guide our way ahead as space becomes increasingly contested and the USA stands up its Space Force." - Peter L. Hays, Space Policy Institute, George Washington University.

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Book SynopsisIn Dark Beyond Darkness, James Blight and janet Lang, among the world’s foremost authorities on the Cuban missile crisis, synthesize the findings from their thirty-year project on the most dangerous moment in recorded history. Authoritative, accessible, and written with their usual flair and wit, DBD is the first book to take readers deeply inside the experience and calculations of Fidel Castro, who was willing to martyr Cuba if his new Russian ally would nuke the U.S. and destroy it. Blight and Lang have established that in October 1962, the world was on the brink of Armageddon, and that we escaped by luck. Their history is scary but unimpeachably accurate: we just barely escaped the cold and the dark in October 1962. Their history also comes with a warning: we are currently at risk not only of Armageddon-fast, in a war between superpowers, but Armageddon-in-Slow-Motion (the result a climate catastrophe following a regional nuclear war), and from Armageddon, Oops! (a conflict sparked by an accident, which is misinterpreted, and ends in nuclear war). Drawing on the insights of poets, musicians and novelists, as well as climate scientists and agronomists, they show the terrible risk we run by refusing to abolish nuclear weapons.Trade ReviewBlight and Lang, married scholars at the University of Waterloo, use the Cuban missile crisis as a case study in developing a long argument against nuclear weapons. The authors, decades-long advocates of nuclear disarmament, advance their premise here by presenting the U.S.-Soviet crisis over missiles in Cuba from the perspective of the Cuban government. They argue that the Cuban leadership’s role in the crisis has been underappreciated and that Cuban leadership was very willing to sacrifice Cuba to provoke a nuclear exchange between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. It is an interesting thesis.... [T]his book will be of interest to those drawn to the anti-nuclear movement and those looking for an uncommon viewpoint on the event. * Publishers Weekly *“This book builds in intensity, from the first shocking page to the last sober reflection. The sensory material about the impact of the U.S. low-level flights over Cuba is perfect, brilliant. These are true war sounds. It’s great to have this dimension in the book. Reading this book in the age of Trump is truly horrifying: the IMAX version of the most dangerous moment in recorded history.” -- Edward T. Linenthal, Indiana University, former editor-in-chief, The Journal of American History“Jim Blight and janet Lang place Cuba at the center of the Cuban missile crisis in this chilling wake-up call about our complacency with nuclear weapons.” -- Bruce Riedel, Director of the Brookings Intelligence Project“Jim Blight and janet Lang have crafted another indispensable book proving that the lessons of the Cuban missile crisis may hold the key to our survival - if only we learn them. Using history, psychology, and their gifted imaginations, they force us to recognize how precarious is a world with nuclear weapons, and how stunningly lucky we have been to avoid catastrophe. This book encourages us to rid the world of nuclear weapons, and terrifies us with an unforgettable understanding of what happens if we don’t.” -- Phil Alden Robinson, director and screenwriter“The authors do two rare things for the reader: they entertain in this genuinely funny book about Armageddon (!), while they inform deeply. Blight and Lang gracefully weave a fabric of scholarship, literature, and memory to provide not merely the facts of this haunting episode, but the broader meaning of nuclear annihilation—which is what was at stake in 1962. They draw on cultural artifacts—everything from Lord Byron to Cormac McCarthy—to brace and explore the meaning of the nuclear peril. And that is a peril, they convincingly remind us, which remains with us today and demands new attention. They challenge millennials to recognize the danger and act to abolish nuclear weapons. Dark Beyond Darkness should be atop every citizen’s reading list.” -- John Tirman, executive director of the MIT Center for International Studies“This groundbreaking book addresses the challenge of understanding those in small countries—those who in 1962, and still today, have been on the dark edge of annihilation by nuclear or conventional means.” -- Rafael Hernandez, founder and editor of Temas magazine, published in Havana, CubaTable of ContentsAuthors’ Note Prologue: Armageddon in Retrospect: On the Road with Papa & The Boy Part One: Dark Chapter 1: Shit (Almost) Happened in October 1962: The Struggle to Avoid Armageddon Involves the Struggle of Memory Against Forgetting. Chapter 2: The Bullshit: Bad Guys Threaten; Good Guys Stand Firm; Good Guys Win; Bad Guys Lose; the Little Guy Doesn’t Matter; JFK’s Moxie Prevails. Chapter 3: The Truth: Big Guys Ignore Little Guy; Feeling Doomed, Little Guy Throws Caution to the Wind, Starts Shooting, and Asks Big Friend to Nuke the U.S.; Armageddon Nearly Occurs. Part Two: Darker Chapter 4: Habitable History: How Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall Became the Template for a “WABAC” Machine for the Cuban Missile Crisis. Chapter 5: Be Robert McNamara: Bringing the Abolition Message Home, With (and Without) “Maximum Bob” Chapter 6: Be Fidel Castro: A Leader at the Hinge of the World. Part Three: Darkest Chapter 7: Armageddon in Slow Motion: More Bullshit and Truth about Avoiding Armageddon in the 21st Century. Chapter 8: Armageddon Oops! Nuclear War via Mechanical and/or Human Screw-up. Chapter 9: On The Road Again Via Climate Catastrophe: From a 19th Century Volcanic Eruption to a 21st Century Nuclear Winter. Part Four: The Darkness Defined and Defied (via the Lessons of the Cuban Missile Crisis) Chapter 10: Be Anybody WABAC: Empathy, Not Sympathy is the Key. Chapter 11: Darkness Visible: Findings, Takeaways and Imperatives of the Cuban Missile Crisis Chapter 12: The Black Saturday Manifesto: Abolishing Nuclear Weapons One Anniversary Per Year, For As Long As It Takes. Epilogue: Show Us Your Darkness: Warning Given! Warning Received? Acknowledgments Permissions & Credits Notes Index About the Authors

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Book SynopsisThe nuclear age is coming to the Middle East. Understanding the scope and motivations for this development and its implications for global security is essential. The last decade has witnessed an explosion of popular and scholarly attention focussed on nuclear issues around the globe and especially in the Middle East. These studies fall into one of four general categories. They tend to focus either on the security and military aspects of nuclear weapons, or on the sources and mechanisms for proliferation and means of reversing it, or nuclear energy, or the logics driving state policymakers toward adopting the nuclear option. The Nuclear Question in the Middle East is the first book of its kind to combine thematic and theoretical discussions regarding nuclear weapons and nuclear energy with case studies from across the region. What are the key domestic drivers of nuclear behaviour and decision-making in the Middle East? How are the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council seeking to employ nuclear energy to further guarantee and expedite their hyper-growth of recent decades? Are there ideal models emerging in this regard that others might emulate in the foreseeable future, and, if so, what consequences is this development likely to have for other civilian nuclear aspirants? These region-wide themes form the backdrop against which specific case studies are examined.Trade Review'A top flight collection of essays on one of the most controversial and sensitive topics in both Middle East politics and studies of nuclear proliferation in general. - provides a great overview of how the current situation has come about, and how regional actors are likely to press ahead in the medium and longterm future. A solid multidisciplinary investigation into a key global issue.' * Christopher Davidson, Reader in Middle East Politics at Durham University *'Combining theoretical perspectives with rich empirical insights, this superb volume offers a comprehensive exploration of nuclear dynamics in a rapidly changing Middle East. The research is well-organized, well-written and highly nuanced - an elusive combination. The authors are informed by a deep historical sensibility, yet are also forward looking in their analyses. In particular, the chapters on the domestic sources of nuclear decision-making will be of immense value to specialists and policymakers grappling with the still-unfolding implications of the Arab revolts and Iran's nuclear ambitions.' * Frederic Wehrey, Senior Policy Analyst, RAND Corporation and author of Coping with a Nuclearizing Iran (RAND, 2011) *'While the world watches Iran, and tries to guess how many nuclear weapons Israel has, nuclear programs are being developed across the Middle East. The timely message in this valuable study of the current situation is that the Middle East is going nuclear whether the world likes it or not.' * Jeremy Salt, Department of Political Science at Bilkent University (Ankara), and author of The Unmaking of the Middle East. A History of Western Disorder in Arab Lands *

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Book SynopsisThe Iranian regime is in the midst of a dangerous nuclear poker game with the West, playing for the highest possible stakes. Iran, ruled today by Ali Khamenei, the Guide of the Revolution, and the recently elected President Ahmadinejad, has no intention of yielding to international pressure exhorting it to suspend all uranium enrichment activity, a necessary but intermediate step in the process of building nuclear weapons. Iran is also seeking to join the WTO and it had been offered this incentive by the United States and the EU '3' (France, Britain and Germany) in exchange for a promise to cease enrichment. However, President Ahmadinejad's 12 April announcement that Iran has successfully enriched uranium takes the crisis to a higher plane. It also leaves many questions unanswered, above all, how the international community should respond to this unwelcome development. In this hard-hitting analysis of Tehran's intentions, Therese Delpech, one of the world's leading authorities on international nuclear security, outlines how Iran has successfully beguiled the international community for years, aided and abetted by China and Russia, both of which are eager to benefit commercially from Iran acquiring nuclear power. She dissects Iran's nuclear programme in minute detail, drawing on her inside knowledge. The first section of the book retraces the history of Iran's nuclear project from the 1970s -- one that was launched by the former Shah with help from several Western countries -- till today, when national pride, exemplified by Ahmadinejad's bellicose rhetoric, makes it highly unlikely that Tehran will bow to the diktats of the international community. She also examines the period when the programme was resumed, during Iran's war with Iraq (1985-90). The second section picks apart the strategy of the various actors in this global crisis: Iran, the EU '3', the United States, Russia, China and the IAEA (the International Atomic Energy Agency). In the third section, she sets out the various possible solutions in terms of their feasibility, practically and politically: dismantling by force, supervised third party reprocessing, referral to the Security Council, Iranian appeasement. In conclusion, Delpech unravels the tangled regional and international dimensions of the crisis, setting out the enormous impact it is having on the Persian Gulf, Turkey, Israel, America's presence in Iraq and the wider Middle East and the future of the much weakened Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NTP).Trade Review‘Therese Delpech’s authority and autonomy have never faced an outcast’s passage through a desert of scorn; instead they are bolstered by private conversations with government leaders, and in 2005 by one of France’s major literary awards, the Prix Femina for nonfiction.’ -- New York Times‘In this book Therese Delpech, a UN advisor on proliferation and an intrepid and tenacious researcher, uncloaks the network of collaboration that has enabled Tehran to reach the threshold of having nuclear weapons.’ -- Le Monde‘Therese Delpech, one of the world’s leading authorities on international nuclear security, dissects Iran’s nuclear programme in minute detail.’ -- The Middle East‘Delpech has provided an illuminating work that attempts to shed much needed light on a subject that remains cloaked by speculation and deception.’ -- Middle East Studies Association

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Book SynopsisThere was an expectation that the end of the Cold War would herald a new era of peace and stability in which the importance of nuclear weapons was marginalized. Instead, we have been left with a fractious, inter-dependent international community rife with ethnic and religious tension and unbound by super-power competition. The challenges of climate change, demographic shifts and resource competition have further altered the security environment. As if this were not enough, nuclear proliferation is once again at the top of the international agenda. In the last decade the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has been challenged from within by Iraq, Iran and Libya while India’s, Pakistan’s and North Korea's nuclear weapon capabilities are threatening the non-proliferation norm from without. The new proliferators are predominantly, but not exclusively, aggressive, unstable and authoritarian regimes, considered by many in the international community to be outside the constraints of international normative behaviour. Some have even been labelled `outlaw’, or `rogue’ states. Although inter-continental nuclear war is not presently considered a danger, the increased number of nuclear weapons states combined with the nature of those states and the strategic environment in which they exist makes the possibility of a lesser nuclear exchange potentially much greater. In parallel, the 9/11 atrocities raised fears of the prospect of apocalyptic terrorists acquiring nuclear weapons. Indications that the NPT is failing to rise to the challenge have resulted in policy decisions that have arguably reversed both the disarmament and non-proliferation norms.This volume delves deep into the changing global nuclear landscape. The chapters document the increasing complexity of the global nuclear proliferation dynamic and the inability of the international community to come to terms with a rapidly changing strategic milieu. The future, in all likelihood, will be very different from the past, and the chapters in this volume develop a framework that may helps gain a better understanding of the forces that will shape the nuclear proliferation debate in the years to come.Part I examines the major thematic issues underlying the contemporary discourse on nuclear proliferation.Part II gives an overview of the evolving nuclear policies of the five established nuclear powers: the USA, Russia, the United Kingdom, France and the People's Republic of China. Part III looks at the three de facto nuclear states: India, Pakistan and Israel. Part IV examines two `problem states' in the proliferation matrix today: Iran and North Korea. Part V sheds light on an important issue often ignored during discussions of nuclear proliferation – cases where states have made a deliberate policy choice of either renouncing their nuclear weapons programme, or have decided to remain a threshold state. The cases of South Africa, Egypt and Japan will be the focus of this section.The final section, Part VI, will examine the present state of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime, which most observers agree is currently facing a crisis of credibility. The three pillars of this regime – the NPT, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and the Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty – will be analyzed.Table of ContentsProposed Contents1 Introduction: Harsh V. PantThematic Issues 2 Nuclear Deterrence: Chris Hobbs and Matthew Harries3 Nuclear Energy and Proliferation: Henry Sokolski4 Non-Proliferation and Counter Proliferation: Mark Fitzpatrick5 Nuclear Weapons and Non-State Actors: Paul Wilkinson6 The Nuclear Taboo: Nina TannenwaldThe Five Nuclear Powers7 The USA: James Wirtz8 Russia: Stephen Blank9 The UK: Paul Ingram and Michael Collins10 France: Corentin Brustlein11 China: Jonathan HolslagDe-Factor Nuclear States12 India: Chris Ogden13 Pakistan: Bhumitra Chakma14 Israel: Arielle KandelThe ‘Problem’ States15 Iran: Anoush Ehteshami16 North Korea: Balbina HwangThe ‘Threshold’ States17 South Africa: Stephen Burgess18 Japan: Takenori Horimoto19 Egypt: Maria Rost RubleeThe Global Non-Proliferation Regime20 The Non-Proliferation Treaty: Mark Hilborne21 The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Foundations, Context, and Outlook: Dean Knox22 A Cut-Off of Production of Weapon-Usable Fissionable Material: Considerations, Requirements and IAEA Capabilities: Tariq Rauf23 Trends in Missile Defense and Space Security: Challenging Non-Proliferation Priorities: Bharath Gopalaswami24 The US-India Nuclear Deal: Great Power Politics versus Non-Proliferation: Harsh V. Pant25 Nuclear Disarmament and Nuclear Proliferation: A Complicated Relationship: Tom Sauer26 The Future: A Cautious Prognosis: Malcolm Davis

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Book SynopsisThe Strategic Survey is the annual review of world affairs from the International Institute for Strategic Studies. It is an invaluable tool for interpreting world-wide strategic developments and has, since 1966, provided essential analysis of the year’s key events in international relations for government policy makers, journalists, business leaders and academics.Table of ContentsEvents at a Glance. Strategic Policy Issues. The Americas. Europe. Russia and Eurasia. Middle East/Gulf. Africa. South Asia and Afghanistan. Asia-Pacific.

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Book SynopsisAn inight into how the arms trade works, both legal and illicit.

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Book Synopsis

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Book SynopsisIn an era when knowledge can travel with astonishing speed, the need for analysis of intellectual property (IP) lawand its focus on patents, trade secrets, trademarks, and issues of copyrighthas never been greater. But as Robert M. Farley and Davida H. Isaacs stress in Patents for Power, we have long overlooked critical ties between IP law and one area of worldwide concern: military technology. This deft blend of case studies, theoretical analyses, and policy advice reveals the fundamental role of IP law in shaping how states create and transmit defense equipment and weaponry. The book probes two major issues: the effect of IP law on innovation itself and the effect of IP law on the international diffusion, or sharing, of technology. Discussing a range of inventions, from the AK-47 rifle to the B-29 Superfortress bomber to the MQ-1 Predator drone, the authors show how IP systems (or their lack) have impacted domestic and international relations across a number of countries, includiTrade Review“Nations seek security through military technologies, but within legal frameworks. By protecting invention, global intellectual property law affects how they develop and disseminate weaponry. But how will additive manufacturing and cyber espionage accelerate that dissemination? How much should military concerns affect commercial law? Will Russia and China fight this regime, or seek benefits from joining it? Farley and Isaacs address all these questions, critically advancing our understanding through integrative analysis of international law and security.” -- James Hasik, George Mason University“Scholars in the fields of international relations, defense technology, and intellectual property law will find Farley and Isaacs's Patents for Power an exemplar of innovative multidisciplinary analysis. Operating at the nexus of political science, economics, and legal theory, their vividly written, and persuasively argued book has resonance for academics and practitioners alike.” -- Mark E. Duckenfield, Army War CollegeTable of Contents1. Introduction 2. The International Relations of Intellectual Property Protection 3. Intellectual Property and the US Defense Industrial Base 4. Intellectual Property in Defense in Comparative Context 5. Intellectual Property and the Arms Trade 6. Intellectual Property, Industrial Espionage, and Cyber Security 7. Conclusion Acknowledgments Notes Selected Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewCohen's second outstanding book on Israel's nuclear project, and the veil of ambiguity that has swathed it from inception, provides a richly detailed account of its history and a provocative analysis of its future. Cohen shows how Israel's beleaguered national existence and persistent Holocaust memories led to the taboo on any acknowledgment of its nuclear weapons program, which cannot, in his view, any longer serve Israel's interests. This is a splendid work of historical research as well as a thought-provoking challenge for both current and future Israeli and American policymakers. -- Samuel Lewis, U.S. Ambassador to Israel, 1977-1985 This important book should be read by anyone interested in understanding the changes that Israel will need to make in its nuclear program as the world reduces reliance on nuclear weapons. Cohen makes a compelling case for why it is in Israeli's interest to confirm its nuclear weapons program and participate in efforts to reduce reliance on nuclear weapons. -- Morton H. Halperin, senior advisor, Open Society Institute Avner Cohen has written the most informed history of Israel's secret drive to get the bomb, and now he has gone further. In The Worst-Kept Secret, he describes and explains Israel's insistence that all talk or writing about its nuclear arsenal be exorcised from public discourse. The nuclear "taboo," as Cohen depicts it, continues unabated today, undermining Israeli democracy at home and its credibility abroad. -- Seymour M. Hersh, author of The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy Cohen's persistent research and numerous books and articles have set the standard in the field and serve as an unrivaled source for anyone interested in Israel's biggest taboo. The Worst-Kept Secret provides a firm factual basis upon which our knowledge about Israel's nuclear program, with its richness of historic detail and personal anecdotes, rests. Moreover, it lays out a wide-ranging theoretical framework for discussing the pros and cons of Israel's amimut policy and its prolonged effect on the country's democracy and governance and its possible future revision. This book will undoubtedly serve as the new benchmark for studying and debating its topic. -- Aluf Benn, editor-at-large, Haaretz [Cohen's] exploration of the issues is thoughtful, measured and deep, and very much worthy of wide consideration. -- Ethan Bronner New York Times A brave, provocative, and very important book. -- Bruce Riedel HaaretzTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments Introduction: Amimut as a National Nuclear Bargain Abbreviations Chronology 1. The Birth of Amimut 2. The Case for Amimut 3. Israel's Nuclear Path: The Key Decisions 4. The Infrastructure of Amimut 5. The Citizenry: The Taboo Keepers 6. The Democratic Cost of Amimut: The Impact on the Citizenry 7. The Democratic Cost of Amimut: Governance 8. Domestic Reforms 9. Iran, the Fissile Materials Cutoff Treaty (FMCT), and Beyond 10. Toward a New Bargain Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe thinking and leadership we need to avoid an irreversible tragedy.Trade ReviewCirincione lucidly provides a greater understanding of the threats still posed by the 17,000 nuclear weapons in the world, the risk of their use and analyzes the efforts to reduce and eliminate these threats. He also provides an original contribution in its analysis of the debate surrounding the nuclear policy of the Obama administration. -- Lawrence Korb, Center for American Progress Everyone in this world needs to be aware of the dangers posed by nuclear weapons, and also to realize that progress is possible. The record of achievement is there and the path to a better future can be identified. Joe Cirincione has been part of this unfolding story, and this book will help advance the effort on which he and so many of us have worked so hard. -- George P. Shultz, 60th Secretary of State Joe Cirincione is a clear-eyed, straight-talking, highly influential sage on the spread of nuclear weaponry and the imperative for the U.S. to lead the global effort in blunting this existential danger to the planet. In his latest book, he assesses the chances for progress in arms control between Presidents Obama and Putin, analyzes the latest ominous developments in Iran, Pakistan, and North Korea, lays out practical steps for American policy, and recommends ways for citizens to engage in the cause of nonproliferation. -- Strobe Talbott, President of the Brookings Institution In Nuclear Nightmares, Joe Cirincione presents a thorough, honest, and balanced view of the challenges to our security that nuclear weapons and fissile materials present to us today and the dangers that will emerge in the future. He implores us all to become knowledgeable, engage with our national leaders, and participate in the decisions that will so significantly affect our future. If you read only one book on this issue, this is the one. -- William J. Perry, 19th Secretary of Defense Joe Cirincione is our nation's best communicator and clarion advocate on reducing the threat of nuclear weapons. Nuclear Nightmares should be required reading for every Beltway journalist, every student of policy, and everyone who can't quite get their head around the thousands of nuclear bombs we're maintaining right now, ready to launch, even though no one can quite explain why on earth we would ever launch them. At the risk of undermining the title itself, Nuclear Nightmares will not actually give you nightmares. It will make you see that our giant, supposedly intractable nuclear problem is solvable, now, in this generation. A fascinating and vital book -- Rachel Maddow, Host of MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show Cirincione's gripping, harrowing account of the arms race debate is essential reading for those concerned with a fickle world prone to threats and terrorism. Publishers Weekly ...the author is a clear-eyed, straight-talking, highly influential sage on the spread of nuclear weaponry... Political Studies Review This excellent book addresses the danger of nuclear catastrophe created by the existence of 17,000 nuclear weapons worldwide and the absence of a sustained effort to eliminate them... Highly recommended. ChoiceTable of ContentsIntroduction Part I. Policy 1. Promise 2. Legacy 3. Pivot Part II. Nightmares 4. Arsenals and Accidents 5. Calculating Armageddon 6. Exploding Budgets 7. The 95 Percent 8. The Most Dangerous Country on Earth Part III. Solutions 9. Posture and Proliferation 10. The End of Proliferation 11. Foundations Appendix A. Remarks by President Barack Obama Appendix B. Statement by President Barack Obama on the Release of Nuclear Posture Review Appendix C. Remarks by President Barack Obama at the United Nations Security Council Summit on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Nuclear Disarmament Appendix D. Excerpts from President Barack Obama's State of the Union Address Appendix E. Remarks by President Barack Obama at New START Treaty Signing Ceremony Appendix F. Ploughshares Fund Acknowledgments Notes Index

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Book SynopsisThe strategic and political implications of an already-nuclear rogue power.Trade ReviewDavis and Pfaltzgraff have chosen to tackle a subject few others have: that Iran might actually succeed in its quest to get 'the bomb' and how it might behave as a result. Their assessment will prove invaluable to U.S. policy makers, who are forced, by necessity, to think about the 'day after' Iran goes nuclear and what that might mean for U.S. policy. -- Ilan Berman, vice president, American Foreign Policy Council Anticipating a Nuclear Iran is a both spare and comprehensive guide concerning perhaps the most vexing security challenge of our time. It is a must-read for the defense and diplomatic communities. -- Robert D. Kaplan, chief geopolitical analyst for Stratfor and author of The Revenge of Geography: What the Map Tells Us About Coming Conflicts and the Battle Against Fate This objective and dispassionate assessment of what a nuclear Iran might mean for U.S. security is must reading for the policy maker, the policy analyst, and the broader public policy community. The authors break new ground in their multifaceted discussion of Iran's nuclear program and its implications for deterrence dynamics in the complex twenty-first-century world. A brilliant work of policy scholarship. -- James Stavridis, U.S. Navy (Ret.), and dean, the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University The originality of Jacquelyn K. Davis and Robert L. Pfaltzgraff Jr.'s book lies in its creative synthesis of historical, logical, and technology and force-structure trends into a coherent assessment of what a nuclear Iran means for the region and the world. They explain U.S. policy implications of an Iran with atomic weapons in a clear, insightful way. -- Paul Bracken, Yale University, and author of The Second Nuclear Age: Strategy, Danger, and the New Power Politics Anticipating a Nuclear Iran is an important and sobering volume which should put to rest any suggestion that a nuclear Iran would be easily managed. SurvivalTable of ContentsList of Tables and Boxes Preface 1. Introduction: Setting the Scene for Iran's Emergence as a Nuclear Power 2. The Deterrence Dynamics of an Iran with Nuclear Weapons 3. Considerations Influencing Iran's Nuclear Emergence 4. Nuclear Weapons Operationalization: What Type of Nuclear Force? 5. Implications for U.S. Strategic and Operational Planning 6. U.S. Deterrence Planning in the Event of an Iranian Nuclear Breakout 7. Dealing with a Nuclear Iran and Asymmetric Challenges 8. U.S. Deterrence Planning and Iran Notes Index

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"David Oualaalou, a geopolitical analyst, writer, speaker, teacher, military veteran, Middle East specialist and linguist with unique first-hand experiences and knowledge gained from personal field intelligence in Middle East wars—combined with his fresh and unique writing style—has produced a challenging perspective and a thought-provoking book. David's unembellished bold critiques, with credible analytical interpretation of geopolitical implications and national security challenges, for not only the USA but for the Iran, Saudi Arabia, Russia, China and others in the new Middle East region (and world), will be much discussed in this impressive approach to eye-opening questions with credible rival answers. I believe this book is crucial reading for any person interested in the future nuclear Middle East."—William A. Mitchell, author of Baylor in Northern Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom"Once again Dr. Oualaalou has brought to life a complex current topic.His balanced and in-depth investigation of the topic allows the reader to not only learn the history of the parties involved, but also to follow the historic threads that have led to today's geopolitical situation. Dr. Oualaalou has the experience and expertise to give a clear picture of the region's issues today and projection of possible scenarios in the future."—Mortada Mohamed, President, World Affairs Council of AustinTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsPreface1. Introduction2. History of the Persian Empire3. Emergence of Modern-Day Iran4. Political Landscape of the Middle East5. Nuclear Arms Race in the Middle East6. The Future of the Middle East and Its Geopolitical Outcome7. Author's Reflections

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"David Oualaalou, a geopolitical analyst, writer, speaker, teacher, military veteran, Middle East specialist and linguist with unique first-hand experiences and knowledge gained from personal field intelligence in Middle East wars—combined with his fresh and unique writing style—has produced a challenging perspective and a thought-provoking book. David's unembellished bold critiques, with credible analytical interpretation of geopolitical implications and national security challenges, for not only the USA but for the Iran, Saudi Arabia, Russia, China and others in the new Middle East region (and world), will be much discussed in this impressive approach to eye-opening questions with credible rival answers. I believe this book is crucial reading for any person interested in the future nuclear Middle East."—William A. Mitchell, author of Baylor in Northern Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom"Once again Dr. Oualaalou has brought to life a complex current topic.His balanced and in-depth investigation of the topic allows the reader to not only learn the history of the parties involved, but also to follow the historic threads that have led to today's geopolitical situation. Dr. Oualaalou has the experience and expertise to give a clear picture of the region's issues today and projection of possible scenarios in the future."—Mortada Mohamed, President, World Affairs Council of AustinTable of ContentsAcknowledgmentsPreface1. Introduction2. History of the Persian Empire3. Emergence of Modern-Day Iran4. Political Landscape of the Middle East5. Nuclear Arms Race in the Middle East6. The Future of the Middle East and Its Geopolitical Outcome7. Author's Reflections

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Book SynopsisOffering a view of the secret development and voluntary disarmament of South Africa's nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons program, Project Coast, the authors explore how systems used for nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons in South Africa were acquired and established beyond the gaze of international and domestic political actors.Table of Contents1. Introduction: The Ongoing Problem of South Africa's Unconventional Weapons2. South Africa in a World of Proliferating Weapons3. Origins and Evolution of Nuclear-Weapons Research and Development4. Warheads, Missiles, and Nuclear-Deterrence Strategy5. Project Coast and Its Origins6. Dismantling the Nuclear-Weapons Program7. The Rollback of Project Coast8. Disarmament Trendsetter9. Emerging Issues and Residual ConcernsAppendix: Policy Lessons from the South African CaseNotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisFrom one of our leading social thinkers, a compelling case for the elimination of nuclear weapons.Trade Review"Eloquent." -- Richard Rhodes - The New York Times"The premise of this book is as relevant as it is horrifying, that the power to inflict great harm doesn’t belong to those that it supposedly protects. I congratulate Elaine Scarry on her intellectual courage and moral clarity and in proposing the only possible way out." -- Marcelo Gleiser, author of A Tear at the Edge of Creation"A really remarkable work, ranging across ethics, law and politics to pose genuinely radical challenges to the confused and potentially lethal systems that pass for democracy in our world. A painfully timely intervention." -- Rowan Williams, Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge and former Archbishop of Canterbury"Elaine Scarry offers a coruscating critique of current policies, arguing that they are antithetic to the spirit of the U.S. constitution, and indeed to basic democratic principles. This eloquent and scholarly book offers a compelling case for swifter progress toward their elimination." -- Martin Rees, astronomer royal of England"Even someone unpersuaded by Elaine Scarry’s constitutional analysis cannot avoid being gripped by her stark depiction of how utterly incompatible our eighteenth-century constitutional structure and the social contract it embodies are with our twenty-first-century weapons of mass destruction, weapons that can annihilate tens of millions of human souls in the blink of an eye and at the whim of a single individual, consulting with no one. A sober and haunting meditation on this tension between our institutions and our capacities, Scarry’s book requires any thoughtful reader to revisit the basic postulates and the deepest human purposes of our system of government." -- Laurence H. Tribe, professor of constitutional law, Harvard Law School"A few years ago General Lee Butler, former head of the U.S. Strategic Command, condemned the ‘faith in nuclear weapons’ to which his life had been wrongly dedicated and the ‘breathtaking audacity’ in maintaining them when ‘we should stand trembling in the face of our folly and united in our commitment to abolish its most deadly manifestations.’ In this fascinating study, Elaine Scarry adds rich historical, philosophical, literary, and legal depth to Butler’s grim warnings, with novel and provocative insights. That we have escaped disaster so far is a near miracle. Scarry’s remarkable contribution should inspire us to abolish this colossal folly." -- Noam Chomsky"[U]rgent and lucid … [a] prolonged rallying cry of a book." -- Kenneth Baker - San Francisco Chronicle"Elaine Scarry is right: Americans live in a thermonuclear monarchy." -- Kennette Benedict - Bulletin of Atomic Scientists"Scarry’s assault on the reigning complacency about nuclear weapons rests on her belief in the capacity of an interpretation to reconfigure the world." -- Nathan Schneider - Chronicle of Higher Education"Thermonuclear Monarchy is a work of deadly serious political science by an analyst dwelling on the constitutional implications of giving a democratically elected president sovereign-like autocracy." -- Nick Smith - Engineering & Technology (U.K.)"Scarry’s book requires any thoughtful reader to revisit the basic postulates and the deepest human purposes of our system of government." -- Laurence H. Tribe, Professor of Constitutional Law, Harvard Law School

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Book SynopsisAfter forty years of largely cooperative Sino-U.S. relations, policymakers, politicians, and pundits on both sides of the Pacific see growing tensions between the United States and China. Some go so far as to predict a future of conflict, driven by the inevitable rivalry between an established and a rising power, and urge their leaders to prepare nTrade Review"Strategic Reassurance and Resolve furnishes an important and wide-ranging toolkit to keep the conversation between the U.S. and China going."--Ali Wyne, Wall Street Journal "[T]he points Steinberg and O'Hanlon make deserve the attention of all readers interested in the connection between U.S. and China going forward."--Publishers Weekly "[S]cholarly as well as accessible, marking out the potential points of conflict while avoiding the glib certainties of much commentary on the implications of China's rise. What sets this book apart, however, is its intelligent effort to chart a feasible path for the relationship that could prevent inevitable competition hardening into unavoidable conflict... If policy makers on either side of the Pacific are looking for a handbook--and they should be--Steinberg and O'Hanlon have written one."--Philip Stephens, Financial Times "Steinberg and O'Hanlon offer a realistic assessment of the challenges ahead in the US-China relationship... Ultimately, Steinberg and O'Hanlon's great contribution is in laying out a nuanced, yet clear-eyed plan to reduce the risk of great power conflict in the 21st century's most consequential bilateral relationship. As the authors themselves argue, the United States' and China's long-term intentions are unknown, unknowable, and dynamic. But if there exists an approach to avoiding dangerous rivalry and promoting stability in spite of this, it is Strategic Reassurance and Resolve."--Mira Rapp-Hooper, National Interest "This book is for those who want a thorough explanation of the security, defense, and strategic issues facing China and the U.S."--South China Morning Post "James Steinberg and Michael O'Hanlon argue persuasively."--Shannon Tiezzi, Diplomat "[T]his readable title is a must for anyone interested in U.S. foreign policy and U.S.-China relations."--Library Journal "This is an important book that should be read by anyone interested in US-China relations today."--Lanxin Xiang, Survival "Not only tackles in sustained depth the contemporary security challenges that the United States and China face ... but also presents a general security framework that is applicable across other bilateral or multilateral international relations debates. Acknowledging but ultimately eschewing the role of economic and political relations in the determination of security, Steinberg and O'Hanlon present a sustained, informed and practical study of military and strategic issues and their potential resolution for the United States and China."--Tyler Rooker, Pacific Affairs "This book deserves to be widely read and discussed. Steinberg and O'Hanlon have made an important contribution in advancing the dialogue on strategic relations between the United States and China."--Andrew Scobell, Political Science QuarterlyTable of ContentsPreface to the Paperback Edition ix Acknowledgments xiii Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Part I: The Cause for Concern Chapter 2. The Sources of Conflict 17 Chapter 3. The Determinants of Chinese Strategy 29 Chapter 4. The Determinants of American Strategy 48 Part II: Strategic Reassurance in Practice Chapter 5. Military Spending and Military Modernization 77 Chapter 6. Military Contingencies: Enhancing Crisis Stability 120 Chapter 7. The Strategic Domain: Nuclear, Space, and Cyber 150 Chapter 8. Bases, Deployments, and Operations 182 Chapter 9. Conclusion 203 Appendix A. Summary of Specific Recommendations 209 Appendix B. Naval Vessels of the United States and China 213 Notes 215 Index 257

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Book SynopsisRobert Jervis has been a pioneering leader in the study of the psychology of international politics for more than four decades. How Statesmen Think presents his most important ideas on the subject from across his career. This collection of revised and updated essays applies, elaborates, and modifies his pathbreaking work. The result is an indispensTrade Review"These essays make an invaluable contribution to understanding 'how statesmen think.' The book is strongly recommended for students and researchers in international relations." * Choice *"Robert Jervis is one of those rare scholars of International Relations whose work is path-breaking and enduring in multiple research areas, ranging from nuclear deterrence to political psychology, from intelligence to complexity theory. . . . That this volume brings together twelve of Jervis's previously published essays on political psychology and international relations is a boon to scholars and practitioners alike."---Balkan Devlen, International AffairsTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction 1 I Political Psychology 13 1 Understanding Beliefs 15 2 The Drunkard's Search 40 II Heuristics and Biases 61 3 Representativeness, Foreign Policy Judgments, and Theory-Driven Perceptions 63 4 Prospect Theory: The Political Implications of Loss Aversion 85 III Political Psychology And International Relations Theory 105 5 Signaling and Perception: Projecting Images and Drawing Inferences 107 6 Political Psychology Research and Theory: Bridges and Barriers 125 7 Why Intelligence and Policymakers Clash 148 8 Identity and the Cold War 169 IV Psychology And National Security 189 9 Deterrence and Perception 191 10 Psychology and Crisis Stability 216 11 Domino Beliefs 234 12 Perception, Misperception, and the End of the Cold War 261 Index 281

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Book SynopsisThere are many roads to war, but only one path to peace in North KoreaTrade Review'An insightful and provocative analysis' -- William Ury, co-founder of the Harvard Negotiation Project, co-author of Getting to Yes: Negotiating an Agreement Without Giving In (Random House, 2012)'A timely, perceptive, and penetrating analysis of North Korea. This is a must for those who are interested in contemporary North Korean affairs' -- Chung-in Moon, Distinguished University Professor, Yonsei University'With almost fifty visits to the DPRK, Glyn Ford is one of the top European experts on the Korean Peninsula. Readers, whatever their political views, will find much to stimulate their thinking regarding one of the most important political-security issues of our time' -- Jeffrey D. Feltman, United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs'With direct access to North Korean government officials and a lifetime of observation and analysis of the country, Glyn Ford has an insight into the country like no other. A strongly recommended impartial read, revealing previous political tricks and failures of 73 years of miscommunication and stagnation... and a possible path out of this mess' -- Nicholas Bonner, Founder of Koryo Tours'Glyn Ford is a very rare case of a Westerner who has both political experience in the West and first-hand experience of dealing with North Korea. His book shows a possible way out of the continuous crisis through slow-motion change - the only way which might work' -- Andrei Lankov, author of 'The Real North Korea: Life and Politics in the Failed Stalinist Utopia 'Table of ContentsList of Figures and Tables Map of North Korea Country Leaders, 1990-2018 Chronology Since 1900 Acknowledgements Note on Asian Names Preface 1. Introduction: The Pyongyang Paradox Part I: Roots of the Present Crisis: Understanding North Korea’s History 2. Drawing the Iron Curtain 3. Kim’s Korea 4. Famine, Markets, Refugees and Human Rights: The Kim Jong II Era Part II: Continuity and Change 5. Kim Jong Un 6. Daily Life in North Korea Part III: The Diplomatic Stage 7. The Nuclear Factor 8. Foreign Affairs: Between Rapprochement and Standoff 9. Conclusion: After Singapore Notes Bibliography and Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisA radical geography of nuclear warfare.Trade Review'What's louder than an atom bomb? The deafening silence that surrounds the apathy our contemporary culture has for the prospect of nuclear annihilation. 'Disarming Doomsday' awakens our sensibilities to the symbolic and actual violence of nuclear war.' -- Simon Springer, author of 'The Anarchist Roots of Geography''A true gem - an unparalleled glimpse into the lives of global communities still deeply impacted by atomic technologies. Wonderful for teaching or developing a grounded understanding of this immense history' -- Stephanie A. Malin author of 'The Price of Nuclear Power: Uranium Communities and Environmental Justice''An informed and insightful account of contemporary nuclear issues which proposes a geographically-centred analysis of the causes and consequences of nuclear warfare' -- Rachel Woodward, author of 'Military Geographies'Table of ContentsList of Figures and Tables Series Preface Acknowledgements 1. The Radical Geography of Nuclear Warfare 2. A Secret History 3. The Mystery of the X-ray Hands 4. After Nuclear Imperialism 5. After Nuclear War 6. Strange Cartographies and War Games 7. Spaces of Irregularity 8. Spaces of Peace 9. Future War Zones Notes Index

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Book SynopsisSince the mid-1950s, successive Canadian governments have grappled with the issue of Canada's role in US ballistic missile defence programs. Until Paul Martin's government finally said no, policy-makers responded to US initiatives with fear and uncertainty as they endlessly debated the implications at home and abroad of participation. However, whether this is the end of the story remains to be seen.Drawing on previously classified government documents and interviews with senior officials, James Fergusson examines Canada's policy deliberations during five major US initiatives. He reveals that a combination of factors such as weak leadership and a tendency to place uncertain and ill-defined notions of international peace and security before national defence resulted in indecision on what role Canada would play in ballistic missile defence. In effect, policy-makers have failed to transform debates about the issue into an opportunity to define Canada's strategic interests at hoTrade ReviewJames Fergusson has followed ballistic missile defense and Canadian defense policy for decades, and his passion is reflected in this, the first history that treats these topics in a single volume. -- D. McIntosh, Slippery Rock University Pennsylvania * CHOICE, Vol. 48, No. 09 *This book should serve as a “lessons learned” reference for our political and military leadership with respect to development of coherent strategic policies. It is also a very useful historical source for students and scholars of politics and history. -- Major Fred Brulier, Canadian Defence Academy * Canadian Military Journal, Vol 11, No 3 *Table of ContentsPrefacePrologue – What’s with Defence?Act 1 – Anti-Ballistic Missiles: Don’t Worry, Be Happy (1954-71)Act 2 – The Strategic Defence Initiative: Much Ado About Very Little (1972-85)Act 3 – Global Protection Against Limited Strikes: Too Close for Comfort (1986-92)Act 4 – National Missile Defense: Let Sleeping Dogs Lie (1993-2000)Act 5 – Ground-Based Mid-Course Defense: Is this the End? (2001-05)Epilogue – Forward to the Past (2005 and Beyond)NotesBibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisRichard M. Price asks why, among all the ominous technologies of weaponry throughout the history of warfare, chemical weapons carry a special moral stigma. Something more seems to be at work than the predictable resistance people have expressed to any...Trade ReviewA valuable book for those wishing to be informed on various chemical weapons and the use of non lethal weapons to fight future insurgencies. * The Journal of the United Service Institution of India *An interesting and insightful look into the murky world of morality in modern warfare.... An excellent book... clear in its focus, effectively presented, and persuasive in its arguments. It should most assuredly find its way onto the shelf of anyone seriously interested in the historical, moral, or pragmatic repercussions of weapons of mass destruction. -- Millennium * Journal of International Studies *Price persuasively confirms that chemical weapons have militarily useful capabilities.... Price's thorough scholarship shows how chemical weapons have become a metaphor for intolerably offensive extensions of violent capabilities; the efforts to control them have become a metaphor for the potential ascendancy of law over those capabilities. It is a unique historical lesson, with potentially optimistic ramifications. -- Barry Kellman * The American Journal of International Law *

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Book SynopsisHazen challenges the commonly held view that rebel groups can get what they want, when they want it, and when they most need it, offering a better understanding of rebel group capacity and options for war and war termination.Trade Review"Jennifer M. Hazen argues in What Rebels Want that rebels engage in a continuous struggle to get the resources that they need to buy weapons, pay fighters, and keep rival groups from doing the same. Rebels are the main actors and they exercise agency. In Hazen's view, the intensity and character of resource flows have considerable bearing on rebel capacities to continue to fight, and thus on their political strategies." -- William Reno, Northwestern UniversityTable of ContentsIntroduction1. Never-Ending Wars: Explaining Conflict Duration2. Resources, Options, and Preferences in War3. Sierra Leone Rebels: The Revolutionary United Front4. Liberia's Rebels: LURD and MODEL5. Côte d'Ivoire: From the MPCI to the Forces NouvellesConclusionIndex

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Book SynopsisGavin challenges key elements of the widely accepted narrative about the history of the atomic age and the consequences of the nuclear...Trade ReviewNuclear Statecraft is a provocative and fascinating book. The writing is lucid, the analysis tightly woven and sophisticated, and the book's core conclusion—that much of what is said and thought about nuclear policy today remains hobbled by a pervasive ignorance of history (even, or perhaps especially, among nuclear policy experts)—is well argued and compelling. This book makes a significant contribution to the body of scholarly research about the evolution of US nuclear policy. -- Janne E. Nolan * Nonproliferation Review *Francis J. Gavin's elegant and eloquently argued Nuclear Statecraft is a useful and timely reminder to appreciate better the historical origins of the contemporary nuclear world.. [The] section dealing with Gavin’s debunking of the four myths on which nuclear alarmism is grounded—rogue states, tipping points, nuclear terrorism, and the so-called Long Peace—is worth the book’s price and should be compulsory reading for decision makers and policy practitioners everywhere. Nuclear Statecraft is a must acquisition for academic and public libraries. -- Joseph M. Siracusa * Journal of American History *Gavin not only succeeds in disentangling postwar nuclear history from the US-Soviet rivalry of the Cold War, but provides a deeper and more complex understanding of the long-term effects of nuclear weapons on Great Power relations. -- Matthew Jones * International Affairs *Gavin's project is not merely to set the rest of us straight on nuclear history so that we can 'get it right.' Rather, it is to point out that the most useful insights to nuclear weapon issues are likely found at the convergence of nuclear theory, policy, and history, with the additional caution that even a firm grasp of the former two does not imply an equally firm grasp of the latter.... To each related theory and policy discussion he imparts a useful perspective concerning both the neglect and misuse of historical data. -- Col. John Mark Mattox * Military Review *Table of Contents1. History, Theory, and Statecraft in the Nuclear Age2. The Myth of Flexible Response: American Strategy in Europe during the 1960s3. Nuclear Weapons, Statecraft, and the Berlin Crisis, 1958–19624. Blasts from the Past: Proliferation Lessons from the 1960s5. Nuclear Nixon6. That Seventies Show: The Consequences of Parity Revisited7. Same as It Ever Was? Nuclear Weapons in the Twenty-First Century8. Global Zero, History, and the "Nuclear Revolution"NotesIndex

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Book SynopsisThis is the opening volume in a comprehensive history of the global movement against nuclear weapons. Ranging from the prophetic warning of H.G. Wells in 1913 to the H-Bomb controversy of the 1950s, it tells the story of the emergence of popular efforts to save humanity from nuclear destruction.Trade Review"A perceptive account of the effort to control nuclear weapons in the years following World War II. It is the first of three volumes in an ambitious work that tells the story of the struggle to contain the atom more fully than ever before....The best description that exists of efforts to promote disarmament around the globe."—The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists"Wittner's work demonstrates truly prodigious research. Beyond providing a comprehensive overview of the topic, moreover, the book also provides considerable new information for the debate over the historical significance of the disarmament movement."—American Historical Review"There is an impressive thoroughness, even-handedness, and global reach in Wittner's work."—The International History Review"...Wittner's oustanding book employs massive research into previously secret governmental records and organizational files in an effort to show how concerned and determined citizens throughout the world have altered the course of history."—Journal of American HistoryTable of ContentsPart I. The Secret Struggle: 1. Critics and the international crisis, 1913-43; 2. Growing resistance, 1943-45; Part II. The Nonaligned Movement, 1945-51: 3. From the ashes: world peace activism and the movement in Japan; 4. America's nuclear nightmare; 5. A new sense of fear: Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand; 6. The beginning or the end? France, Germany and Italy; 7. Confronting 'a still greater catastrophe': elsewhere in Western Europe; 8. Muted opposition: the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and the Third World; 9. The international dimension; Part III. The Communist-led Movement, 1945-51: 10. 'Against the warmongers': the development of the communist-led peace movement; 11. 'Comrades, turn east': the communist-led campaign in France, Great Britain and the United States; 12. 'We are not pacifists': the communist-led campaign in other non-communist nations; 13. 'Stalin is our peace': the communist-led campaign in communist nations; Part IV. Consequences: 14. The uneasy leader: the US government and the bomb; 15. In hot pursuit: British and Soviet nuclear policy; 16. Restive onlookers: the public policy response elsewhere; 17. Crisis and decline of the movement, 1950-53; Conclusion and epilogue: the new thinking and the old; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

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Book SynopsisMuch recent writing about international politics understandably highlights the many changes that have followed from the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. This book, by contrast, analyzes an important continuity that, the author argues, will characterize international strategic affairs well into the new century: nuclear deterrence will remain at the core of the security policies of the world''s great powers and will continue to be an attractive option for many less powerful states worried about adversaries whose capabilities they cannot match.The central role of nuclear deterrence persists despite the advent of a new international system in which serious military threats are no longer obvious, the use of force is judged irrelevant to resolving most international disputes, and states'' interests are increasingly defined in economic rather than military terms. Indeed, the author suggests why these changes may increase the appeal of nuclear deterrenTrade Review"This is a semitheoretical survey of the security policies of three middle powers . . . during the last half of the twentieth century, with an argument that their common experiences form a useful template for predicting the future role of nuclear weapons, including proliferation. The three case studies are superbly done." -- Political Science Quarterly"Avery Goldstein's book, Deterrence and Security in the 21st Century: China, Britain, France, and the Enduring Legacy of the Nuclear Revolution, provides a well-written and historically grounded look at the likely nature of emerging nuclear security relationships. . . . Goldstein's book makes a subtantial contribution to the existing security literature. . . . Goldstein's insights . . . have great applicability for understanding post-Cold War security dynamics and similar patterns shaping the behavior of both new nuclear states and would-be nulcear states" -- International Politics"This book is welcome for the historical analyses of the smaller nuclear powers. . . ."—American Political Science Review"Goldstein's excellent book helps explain why three very different countries—Britain, France, and China—all sought an independent nuclear deterrent despite, and, perhaps, because of their security alliances with nuclear superpowers. This accessible and well-crafted work will be useful not only to diplomatic historians and international relations theorists, but also to policy analysts who are examining why certain relatively weak states are currently pursuing the nuclear option." -- Thomas Christensen * Massachusetts Institute of Technology *"Deterrence and Security in the 21st Century is a valuable and provocative contribution to the current debate about the future of nuclear deterrence." -- Journal of Strategic Studies"A decade after the end of the cold war, nuclear issues have come to the fore again, but the focus now is much less on superpowers and much more on middle or regional powers. In a subtle combination of theory and empirical cases, Professor Goldstein examines the trade offs confronting states considering the nuclear option. This book is essential reading for anyone studying deterrence theory or nuclear proliferation." -- Robert Powell, University of California * Berkeley *Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Theoretical foundation; 3. China: strategic choices: 4. China: nuclear deterrent; 5. Britain; 6. France; 7. Nuclear weapons states in the post-Cold War world; 8. Legacy of the nuclear revolution for the twenty-first century.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Wirtz and Lavoy assembled top experts to consider which countries might go nuclear next. They do not dwell on the usual suspects but instead examine a number of unlikely prospects, such as Indonesia, Myanmar (also called Burma), Saudi Arabia, and Vietnam, and some that were once believed to be on the verge but are no longer, such as Argentina and Brazil."—Lawrence D. Freedman, Foreign Affairs"[T]he book is a fine analysis of the reasons why some states have forgone nuclear arsenals, and suggests policies that can reinforce the perceived utility of nonproliferation in the future. . . Recommended."—T. Solomon, Choice"Anyone seriously interested in the problem of proliferation—practitioners in the world's defense and arms control establishments, participants in the NGO world, senior scholars, and newcomers to these questions—will want and need to keep a copy of Over the Horizon Proliferation Threats at hand."—Edward Rhodes, Dean, School of Public Policy, George Mason University

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Feroz Hassan Khan's book Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb is a comprehensive description of Pakistan's campaign to develop its nuclear weapons . . . Eating Grass is in a class by itself because it is written by an author who served as director of arms control and disarmament affairs in the Strategic Plans Division of the Joint Services Headquarters of Pakistan . . . Khan brings to his book considerable experience not only as a scholar of the subject of nuclear nonproliferation but also as a practitioner of nuclear diplomacy."—Ehsan M. Ahrari, Mediterranean Quarterly"Comprehensive, detailed, and written with military precision and objectivity, Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb is an elegantly crafted and engaging history of the Pakistani efforts to obtain the atomic bomb that will become a reference work in the study of Pakistan and its nation-defining relationship with the nuclear program."—Vladimir Rauta, Review of Politics"Eating Grass will become the authoritative volume on Pakistan's nuclear trajectory, from its uncertain beginnings to Pakistan's present development of tactical nuclear weapons . . . [T]his is the best volume we have."—Shashank Joshi, RUSI Journal"In this important and impressive new work, Khan traces the development of Pakistan's nuclear-weapons program from partition to the present . . . Khan succeeds admirably in sifting through published accounts and weaving in details and anecdotes from his numerous interviews with key participants."—Frank Klotz, The National Interest"Feroz Khan, a retired Pakistan Army general who served as Director of the Strategic Plan Division, Pakistan's nuclear security apparatus, has written the first comprehensive insider account of the Pakistani nuclear weapons program . . . Framed as a story of indigenous triumph, Eating Grass nonetheless also serves as a history of the failure of non-proliferation regimes—or as a how-to guide for how to evade them."—Timothy Nunan, The Sunday Guardian"Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb, uses primary source material and personal interviews to explain and analyze the genesis of Pakistan's nuclear program. Understanding Pakistan's nuclear development is not only important for Pakistan scholars but also for nuclear analysts more broadly. Nuclear scholars are working with an incredibly small sample of nine nuclear states, so gaining a robust understanding of each nation's path to the bomb is essential. General Khan discussed a wide range of issues as an introduction to his book's more comprehensive analysis."—Sarah Wiener, CSIS"Khan provides a comprehensive history of Pakistan's nuclear program. . . . Khan explains the reasons behind Pakistan's dogged pursuit of nuclear deterrence, including why it was willing to pay any price to achieve nuclear capability. . . . Recommended."—A. Mazumdar, CHOICE"Eating Grass fills a big gap in the scholarly literature. Feroz Khan's book about Pakistan's nuclear program takes its place beside the authoritative volumes on U.S., Soviet, Chinese, Indian, and Israeli nuclear histories. Going beyond the headlines, Khan provides unique insights into the political, technical and strategic issues behind the untold story of Pakistan's bomb. Essential reading for anyone interested in nuclear history, proliferation, or South Asian security."—Zachary S. Davis, Center for Global Security Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"A tour de force—masterful, meticulously researched. Feroz Khan combines insights from Pakistani insiders and declassified U.S. sources to tell the most authoritative story of Pakistan's 50-year pursuit of the bomb and, with it, international respect."—Siegfried S Hecker, Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University, and Director Emeritus, Los Alamos National Laboratory"Feroz Hassan Khan has written the seminal study of the creation, development, and expansion of the world's fastest growing nuclear weapons complex. His use of source material heretofore unexplored or otherwise unavailable—including dozens of exclusive interviews with the scientists, generals, diplomats, and politicians who guided Pakistan's nuclear bomb program—makes Eating Grass a must-read for national security scholars and practitioners alike."—Peter R. Lavoy, national security practitioner"Drawing on primary and secondary sources, his own experiences, and numerous interviews with decision-makers and former scientists who were intimately involved in the program, Khan recapitulates Pakistan's nuclear journey. He analyzes key decisions by its leaders that shaped the trajectory of Pakistan's strategic capabilities and its foreign relations, bureaucratic disputes over the program, and competition between actors in the scientific community trying to put their individual stamp on the bomb."—Shehzad H. Qazi, World Affairs Journal

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Feroz Hassan Khan's book Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb is a comprehensive description of Pakistan's campaign to develop its nuclear weapons . . . Eating Grass is in a class by itself because it is written by an author who served as director of arms control and disarmament affairs in the Strategic Plans Division of the Joint Services Headquarters of Pakistan . . . Khan brings to his book considerable experience not only as a scholar of the subject of nuclear nonproliferation but also as a practitioner of nuclear diplomacy."—Ehsan M. Ahrari, Mediterranean Quarterly"Comprehensive, detailed, and written with military precision and objectivity, Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb is an elegantly crafted and engaging history of the Pakistani efforts to obtain the atomic bomb that will become a reference work in the study of Pakistan and its nation-defining relationship with the nuclear program."—Vladimir Rauta, Review of Politics"Eating Grass will become the authoritative volume on Pakistan's nuclear trajectory, from its uncertain beginnings to Pakistan's present development of tactical nuclear weapons . . . [T]his is the best volume we have."—Shashank Joshi, RUSI Journal"In this important and impressive new work, Khan traces the development of Pakistan's nuclear-weapons program from partition to the present . . . Khan succeeds admirably in sifting through published accounts and weaving in details and anecdotes from his numerous interviews with key participants."—Frank Klotz, The National Interest"Feroz Khan, a retired Pakistan Army general who served as Director of the Strategic Plan Division, Pakistan's nuclear security apparatus, has written the first comprehensive insider account of the Pakistani nuclear weapons program . . . Framed as a story of indigenous triumph, Eating Grass nonetheless also serves as a history of the failure of non-proliferation regimes—or as a how-to guide for how to evade them."—Timothy Nunan, The Sunday Guardian"Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb, uses primary source material and personal interviews to explain and analyze the genesis of Pakistan's nuclear program. Understanding Pakistan's nuclear development is not only important for Pakistan scholars but also for nuclear analysts more broadly. Nuclear scholars are working with an incredibly small sample of nine nuclear states, so gaining a robust understanding of each nation's path to the bomb is essential. General Khan discussed a wide range of issues as an introduction to his book's more comprehensive analysis."—Sarah Wiener, CSIS"Khan provides a comprehensive history of Pakistan's nuclear program. . . . Khan explains the reasons behind Pakistan's dogged pursuit of nuclear deterrence, including why it was willing to pay any price to achieve nuclear capability. . . . Recommended."—A. Mazumdar, CHOICE"Eating Grass fills a big gap in the scholarly literature. Feroz Khan's book about Pakistan's nuclear program takes its place beside the authoritative volumes on U.S., Soviet, Chinese, Indian, and Israeli nuclear histories. Going beyond the headlines, Khan provides unique insights into the political, technical and strategic issues behind the untold story of Pakistan's bomb. Essential reading for anyone interested in nuclear history, proliferation, or South Asian security."—Zachary S. Davis, Center for Global Security Research, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"A tour de force—masterful, meticulously researched. Feroz Khan combines insights from Pakistani insiders and declassified U.S. sources to tell the most authoritative story of Pakistan's 50-year pursuit of the bomb and, with it, international respect."—Siegfried S Hecker, Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University, and Director Emeritus, Los Alamos National Laboratory"Feroz Hassan Khan has written the seminal study of the creation, development, and expansion of the world's fastest growing nuclear weapons complex. His use of source material heretofore unexplored or otherwise unavailable—including dozens of exclusive interviews with the scientists, generals, diplomats, and politicians who guided Pakistan's nuclear bomb program—makes Eating Grass a must-read for national security scholars and practitioners alike."—Peter R. Lavoy, national security practitioner"Drawing on primary and secondary sources, his own experiences, and numerous interviews with decision-makers and former scientists who were intimately involved in the program, Khan recapitulates Pakistan's nuclear journey. He analyzes key decisions by its leaders that shaped the trajectory of Pakistan's strategic capabilities and its foreign relations, bureaucratic disputes over the program, and competition between actors in the scientific community trying to put their individual stamp on the bomb."—Shehzad H. Qazi, World Affairs Journal

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Book SynopsisGetting to Zero is an edited volume of chapters about the implications of total nuclear disarmament for international security and national security covering a range of perspectives.Trade Review"This volume explores the issues surrounding the debate on nuclear abolition, convering the policies of the main nuclear powers, the regional implications of a nuclear zero policy and possible steps toward achieving this goal."—Survival"Kelleher and Reppy have collected an impressive group of scholars who assume the objective of a nonnuclear world and then explore how this might be achieved and what it might mean." — Lawrence D. Freedman, Foreign Affairs"There is considerable value in [Getting to Zero] in the form of ideas that can inform citizens and officials who would like to reignite movement toward eliminating nuclear weapons in the future, and analyzes that point to the overriding political obstacles that are slowing progress and thus must be overcome if nuclear disarmament is ever to become reality."—Barry M. Blechman, Nonproliferation Review"The editors demonstrate a depth of knowledge for the processes inherent in the governments of Russia, Europe, and the United States, and the impact these processes have on the goal of a zero nuclear weapons policy . . . The value of this work is the unvarnished examination of the policy issues raised by the question of nuclear disarmament and the steps required by nuclear powers to ensure a nuclear-free world."—Parameters"This valuable book extends the important conversation on getting to zero nuclear weapons by asking hard questions about how to accommodate the desires and preferences of the global community while making progress toward that goal. These essays will well reward the reader."—Richard Garwin, IBM Fellow Emeritus, Thomas J. Watson Research Center"An engaging series of essays."—Douglas Roche, International Journal"If the skepticism about 'global zero' total nuclear disarmament is ever to be overcome, this book offers the collection of solid international scholars and subtle reasoning that might do the trick."—George Quester, Professor Emeritus, University of Maryland"The authors display a depth of knowledge about the routines and internal logics of government programs in Russia, the United States, and Europe that is unusual in discussions of national security policy."—Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists"Getting to Zero is a bold effort to think about the unthinkable: nuclear abolition and its implications. This remarkable, distinctly unconventional volume provocatively frames the relevant issues and bridges the divide between the theory and practice of nuclear zero."—Andrew L. Ross, Director, Center for Science, Technology, and Policy, University of New Mexico

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"Establishing effective monitoring and verifying regimens are critical tools in the international community's nonproliferation efforts but do not always provide assurance of compliance. Although international inspections provide capabilities, access, and legitimacy, the international community appears to be in danger of misinterpreting what these regimens can and cannot accomplish. This timely, much-needed book examines previous examples of the successes, failures, and lessons that can be learned from the cases and help strengthen these regimens and apply them to current WMD programs in Syria, Iran, and North Korea. ...Recommended"—K. M. Zaarour, Choice"Nathan Busch and Joseph Pilat have authored a very timely work given the controversies surrounding the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the often compromised international attempts to control their spread through inspections and disarmament agreements....this is a valuable work for its categorization of the various types of inspection regimes, as well as for its practical suggestions. It is relevant for the policymaking community as well as those academics with a particular interest in the issues of proliferation and inspection regimes."—Zachary Selden, H-DiploTable of ContentsIntroduction 1. What Are Monitoring and Verification Regimes? 2. South Africa 3. Iraq 4. Libya 5. Verifying Global Disarmament 6. Applying Lessons for the "Difficult Cases": North Korea, Iran, Syria Conclusion: Strengthening Monitoring and Verification Regimes

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Trade Review"Apocalypse Never is a frightening book to read but impossible to put down. In clear, accessible prose, Tad Daley unblinkingly lays out the case, point by point, for why we must ultimately rid the world of nuclear weapons or else suffer the inevitable consequences of the end of civilization as we know it. Daley then takes on the task of showing how this seemingly Herculean task can be accomplished, even within our lifetimes. It is compelling and accurate in its assessments and one of the absolute best out there on why we simply cannot continue along the way it has been." -- Valerie Plame Wilson * Firedoglake.com *"If you have a nuclear addiction, Dr. Tad Daley has the cure. ... Two things distinguish this work ... Daley’s chatty style, which ... renders his book accessible to the general public ... (and) his prescription for reaching global zero, through his detailed description of the architecture of a nuclear weapon-free world founded on a legally binding treaty that would replace the NPT." -- Anne Penketh * British American Security Information Council *"Apocalypse Never explores the dangers of the Nuclear Age, argues that the only way to prevent future nuclear catastrophes is to eliminate the weapons, and provides a roadmap to achieve this goal … It presents a comprehensive overview of the possibilities of nuclear terrorism, accidental nuclear war, mismanagement of a nuclear crisis, and the intentional use of nuclear weapons … It suggests that the NPT should properly have been named the 'Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Elimination Treaty' … It (makes clear that this) is a life-or-death struggle between humans and the tools we have created … Daley's book provides the background and the vision for individuals to become informed and effective citizens of the Nuclear Age … The issue is far too important to be left only in the hands of our leaders." -- David Krieger * President, Nuclear Age Foundation *"Read this book or die." -- David Swanson * American Chronicle *"Probably the most unsettling book I've ever read." -- Jack McDevitt * author of Time Travellers Never Die and The Engines of God *"My film Apocalypse Now revealed how war corrupts the human soul. But the idea that we can have peace only through 'nuclear deterrence' degrades our entire civilization. With Apocalypse Never, Tad Daley shows us the path of escape." -- Martin Sheen * Emmy-Award Winning Actor *"While spiritual progressives seek to end all war, a major step is to end the threat of nuclear war. Tad Daley shows us that this is actually within our grasp, and an imperative for the survival of our planet and life itself.” -- Rabbi Michael Lerner * editor, Tikkun and chair, Interfaith Network of Spiritual Progressives *"Tad Daley makes a compelling case for eliminating nuclear weapons now, before they are used intentionally by a terrorist group or accidentally by a nuclear-armed nation. The weight of the evidence supplied in Apocalypse Never leads to an inescapable conclusion: the fewer nuclear weapons there are, the safer we all will be. And it makes it clear that our ultimate security depends on getting rid of these terrible weapons once and for all.” -- William D. Hartung * Center for International Policy *“Apocalypse Never is an important and path-breaking book. Tad Daley doesn’t just look at why we should strive to eliminate nuclear weapons, he demonstrates how to make it happen. This book is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand how to turn a grand vision into a political reality.” -- John Podesta * Chief of Staff, President Bill Clinton *"Tad Daley has performed a truly rare feat. He doesn't offer the same tired survey of Iran and North Korea and the contemporary nuclear landscape. Instead, he convinces the reader completely that the only possible solution to the threat of nuclear annihilation is the abolition of nuclear weapons. Moreover, he actually charts a course for how we might get from here to there. Mr. Daley is an elegant writer, and his wonderful first book will enable both experts and regular folks to see, breathe, and believe in the dawn of a nuclear weapon-free world." -- Daniel Ellsberg * author of Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers *"Tad Daley takes a penetrating look at the threat President Barack Obama calls 'the gravest danger to the American people,' and does so with clarity and integrity. Apocalypse Never details how the failed policies of the past have made the nuclear threat worse and how the only real solution is to move steadily towards eliminating the only weapons that can destroy the world. We would be wise to listen." -- Joseph Cirincione * President, Ploughshares Fund *“In plain, understandable prose, Apocalypse Never makes a compelling case that the continued existence of nuclear weapons, regardless of their ownership, can lead to catastrophic disasters. A must-read.” -- Lt. General Robert G. Gard, Jr. * U.S. Army, Retired, and chair, Center for Arms Control & Non-Proliferation *"Few Americans know that more than forty years ago, in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, our country committed to eliminate its entire nuclear arsenal. In Apocalypse Never, Tad Daley traces the tortured history of this promise—and charts a course toward at last fulfilling it.” -- Michael Douglas * Academy-Award Winning Actor, United Nations Messenger of Peace *"Apocalypse Never builds a compelling case for one of the most urgent causes of our time—the global abolition of nuclear weapons. Tad Daley writes with all the seriousness the subject requires, but refreshingly eschews the jargon too often applied by 'experts' that estranges those not conversant in the lingo." -- Kevin Martin * executive director, Peace Action *"For those of us who think that freeing the planet from the specter of nuclear holocaust is the most important task before humankind, but also one that's nearly impossible to achieve, Tad Daley has drawn us a roadmap for the journey ahead. It demands no wild leaps of faith, no suspensions of disbelief. Mixing political sobriety with existential urgency and just plain damn good writing, Daley shows us the way." -- Harold Meyerson * columnist, The Washington Post and editor-at-large, The American Prospect *"Finally, a book that explains in common sense language the process for bringing a nuclear weapon-free world from utopia to reality." -- Congressman Dennis Kucinich * D-Ohio, 1997–present *"Apocalypse Never is a frightening book to read but impossible to put down. In clear, accessible prose, Tad Daley unblinkingly lays out the case, point by point, for why we must ultimately rid the world of nuclear weapons or else suffer the inevitable consequences of the end of civilization as we know it. Daley then takes on the task of showing how this seemingly Herculean task can be accomplished, even within our lifetimes. It is compelling and accurate in its assessments and one of the absolute best out there on why we simply cannot continue along the way it has been." -- Valerie Plame Wilson * Firedoglake.com *"If you have a nuclear addiction, Dr. Tad Daley has the cure. ... Two things distinguish this work ... Daley’s chatty style, which ... renders his book accessible to the general public ... (and) his prescription for reaching global zero, through his detailed description of the architecture of a nuclear weapon-free world founded on a legally binding treaty that would replace the NPT." -- Anne Penketh * British American Security Information Council *"Apocalypse Never explores the dangers of the Nuclear Age, argues that the only way to prevent future nuclear catastrophes is to eliminate the weapons, and provides a roadmap to achieve this goal … It presents a comprehensive overview of the possibilities of nuclear terrorism, accidental nuclear war, mismanagement of a nuclear crisis, and the intentional use of nuclear weapons … It suggests that the NPT should properly have been named the 'Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Elimination Treaty' … It (makes clear that this) is a life-or-death struggle between humans and the tools we have created … Daley's book provides the background and the vision for individuals to become informed and effective citizens of the Nuclear Age … The issue is far too important to be left only in the hands of our leaders." -- David Krieger * President, Nuclear Age Foundation *"Read this book or die." -- David Swanson * American Chronicle *"Probably the most unsettling book I've ever read." -- Jack McDevitt * author of Time Travellers Never Die and The Engines of God *"My film Apocalypse Now revealed how war corrupts the human soul. But the idea that we can have peace only through 'nuclear deterrence' degrades our entire civilization. With Apocalypse Never, Tad Daley shows us the path of escape." -- Martin Sheen * Emmy-Award Winning Actor *"While spiritual progressives seek to end all war, a major step is to end the threat of nuclear war. Tad Daley shows us that this is actually within our grasp, and an imperative for the survival of our planet and life itself.” -- Rabbi Michael Lerner * editor, Tikkun and chair, Interfaith Network of Spiritual Progressives *"Tad Daley makes a compelling case for eliminating nuclear weapons now, before they are used intentionally by a terrorist group or accidentally by a nuclear-armed nation. The weight of the evidence supplied in Apocalypse Never leads to an inescapable conclusion: the fewer nuclear weapons there are, the safer we all will be. And it makes it clear that our ultimate security depends on getting rid of these terrible weapons once and for all.” -- William D. Hartung * Center for International Policy *“Apocalypse Never is an important and path-breaking book. Tad Daley doesn’t just look at why we should strive to eliminate nuclear weapons, he demonstrates how to make it happen. This book is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand how to turn a grand vision into a political reality.” -- John Podesta * Chief of Staff, President Bill Clinton *"Tad Daley has performed a truly rare feat. He doesn't offer the same tired survey of Iran and North Korea and the contemporary nuclear landscape. Instead, he convinces the reader completely that the only possible solution to the threat of nuclear annihilation is the abolition of nuclear weapons. Moreover, he actually charts a course for how we might get from here to there. Mr. Daley is an elegant writer, and his wonderful first book will enable both experts and regular folks to see, breathe, and believe in the dawn of a nuclear weapon-free world." -- Daniel Ellsberg * author of Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers *"Tad Daley takes a penetrating look at the threat President Barack Obama calls 'the gravest danger to the American people,' and does so with clarity and integrity. Apocalypse Never details how the failed policies of the past have made the nuclear threat worse and how the only real solution is to move steadily towards eliminating the only weapons that can destroy the world. We would be wise to listen." -- Joseph Cirincione * President, Ploughshares Fund *“In plain, understandable prose, Apocalypse Never makes a compelling case that the continued existence of nuclear weapons, regardless of their ownership, can lead to catastrophic disasters. A must-read.” -- Lt. General Robert G. Gard, Jr. * U.S. Army, Retired, and chair, Center for Arms Control & Non-Proliferation *"Few Americans know that more than forty years ago, in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, our country committed to eliminate its entire nuclear arsenal. In Apocalypse Never, Tad Daley traces the tortured history of this promise—and charts a course toward at last fulfilling it.” -- Michael Douglas * Academy-Award Winning Actor, United Nations Messenger of Peace *"Apocalypse Never builds a compelling case for one of the most urgent causes of our time—the global abolition of nuclear weapons. Tad Daley writes with all the seriousness the subject requires, but refreshingly eschews the jargon too often applied by 'experts' that estranges those not conversant in the lingo." -- Kevin Martin * executive director, Peace Action *"For those of us who think that freeing the planet from the specter of nuclear holocaust is the most important task before humankind, but also one that's nearly impossible to achieve, Tad Daley has drawn us a roadmap for the journey ahead. It demands no wild leaps of faith, no suspensions of disbelief. Mixing political sobriety with existential urgency and just plain damn good writing, Daley shows us the way." -- Harold Meyerson * columnist, The Washington Post and editor-at-large, The American Prospect *"Finally, a book that explains in common sense language the process for bringing a nuclear weapon-free world from utopia to reality." -- Congressman Dennis Kucinich * D-Ohio, 1997–present *Table of ContentsApocalypse soon? The essence of the problem: America's nuclear hypocrisy The nightmare of nuclear terror Accidental atomic apocalypse Nuclear crisis mismanagement: "there would be no learning curve" Intentional use: the nuclear legacy of George W. Bush The grand bargain of the nuclear nonproliferation treaty, and the rules of the nuclear game today Nuclear weapons are militarily unnecessary and militarily useless. for us The architecture of a nuclear weapon-free world Breakout: could someone cheat and rule the world? How it might happen: transforming abolition from a utopian fantasy into a concrete political goal Apocalypse never

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Book SynopsisIn the controversial legacy of the Nixon presidency, the administration's effort to curb and control the spread of the world's weapons of mass destruction is often overlooked. Patrick Garrity and Erin Mahan explore and assess Nixon's record, addressing not only nuclear but also biological and chemical weapons.Trade ReviewEminently readable and surprisingly fast-paced. One of the best case studies I have read on the significance of bureaucratic politics for international negotiation. " - Thomas A. Schwartz, Vanderbilt University, author of Henry Kissinger and American Power: A Political Biography

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Book SynopsisOffers an inside look at how the four-million member National Rifle Association and its committed members come to see each and every gun control threat as a step down the path towards gun confiscation, and eventually socialism.Trade ReviewMelzer brilliantly integrates deep personal observation with data and theory to construct a three-dimensional portrait of the modern gun rights movement. In a wonderfully written, engaging, and scrupulously fair narrative, Melzers book makes a major contribution to our understanding of this tumultuous social movement and also happens to be a really good read. It's fresh, clear-eyed, and fair. Anyone wanting to understand the gun movement must read this book. -- Robert J. Spitzer,author of The Politics of Gun ControlMelzer takes us inside the NRA to reveal that more than gun controlmuch moreis at stake: a way of life and a definition of manhood that members feel is disintegrating in their hands... [This is] a book that is both balanced and brave, critical and yet compassionate to men who have so lost their way that their guns offer their last tenuous hold on their identity. -- Michael Kimmel,author of GuylandThis book is well written, and raises interesting issues about the transformation of interest groups in a period of polarized politics. -- Clyde Wilcox * Political Science Quarterly *The author argues a very credible thesis: that the National Rifle Association (NRA) is more than a single-interest group defending the right to own and bear arms. The NRA should also be understood as a social movement organization dedicated broadly to preserving traditional, conservative values. * Choice *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Preface Introduction Part I Defending Guns, Defending Masculinity 1 Frontier Masculinity, America's "Gun Culture," and the NRA 2 Why a Gun Movement? Part II Talking Guns, Talking Culture War 3 Framing Threats to Gun Rights 4 Under Attack 5 Fighting the Culture WarsPart III Committing to the NRA, Committing to the Right 6 The Politics of Commitment 7 Right and Far-Right Moral Politics 8 The Ties That Bind Epilogue: Tomorrow's NRA Appendix: Studying the NRA Notes Index About the Author

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Book SynopsisFrom the École Polytechnique shootings of 1989 to the political controversy surrounding the elimination of the federal long-gun registry, the issue of gun control has been a subject of fierce debate in Canada. But in fact, firearm regulation has been a sharply contested issue in the country since Confederation. Arming and Disarming offers the first comprehensive history of gun control in Canada from the colonial period to the present.In this sweeping, immersive book, R. Blake Brown outlines efforts to regulate the use of guns by young people, punish the misuse of arms, impose licensing regimes, and create firearm registries. Brown also challenges many popular assumptions about Canadian history, suggesting that gun ownership was far from universal during much of the colonial period, and that many nineteenth century lawyers – including John A. Macdonald – believed in a limited right to bear arms.Arming and Disarming provides a carefulTrade Review'Brown's admirable book is an exceptionally vast, sweeping, detailed, and authoritative account of Canada's gun experience.' -- Robert J. Spitzer Law and History Review, November 2013 'Blake Brown's Arming and Disarming is a truly fine piece of scholarship, six full years in the making.' -- Paull W. Bennett Chronicle Herald, January16, 2013 'Arming and Disarming is full of fascinating and well-placed quotations from key historical figures concerning their views on gun issues... This book stands out as an important and pioneering work in the history of gun control on Canada.' -- James Floros Canadian Historical Review vol 94: 03:0213 'R. Blake Brown has produced a sweeping, thorough, insightful, and well-researched account of gun control in Canada... This book should prove useful and provocative for students and scholars of Canadian and comparative law, society, and politics.' -- William G. Merkel American Historical Review June 2014

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Book SynopsisProvides insight into U.S. and Chinese involvement in aid, trade, direct investment and strategic ties in Latin AmericaIn recent years, China has become the largest trading partner for more than half the countries in Latin America, and demonstrated major commitments in aid and direct investment in various parts of the region. China has also made a number of strategic commitments to countries like Nicaragua, Cuba, and Venezuela which have long-standing policies opposing U.S. influence in the region. China, the United States, and the Future of Latin America posits that this activity is a direct challenge to the role of the U.S. in Latin America and the Caribbean. Part of a three-volume series analyzing U.S.-China relations in parts of the world where neither country is dominant, this volume analyzes the interactions between the U.S., China, and Latin America. The book series has so far considered the differences in operating styles between China and the U.S. in Central Asia and SoutheastTrade ReviewThis volume, dealing with Latin America and the Caribbean, presents a complex picture that lies somewhere between [Denoon’s] previous two. Denoon and the other contributors describe China’s rapidly growing presence as a buyer of raw materials, supplier of manufactured goods, builder of infrastructure, investor, and donor. -- Foreign AffairsA superb volume which explains China's goals in the region and analyzes how both the United States and Latin American countries have responded. Because the volume covers foreign policy and economics for all the key states in the region, it is an outstanding, original contribution to the field and an invaluable reference book. Denoon has carefully selected the authors of each chapter to reflect divergent perspectives on these developments, so readers can draw their own conclusions about how influential China will become at the southern doorstep of the U.S. -- Joydeep Mukherjee,Managing Director, Standard & Poor's Sovereign RatingsGiven the arrival of the Trump administration, this volume takes on added relevance.China will become an increasingly important option for the region.The authors expertly analyze the general considerations that drive the relationship, and provide expert country analysis on the options available to the major states.This volume carefully explores Chinas perspective on Latin America and convincingly debunks the myth that China seeks to replace the United States.Overall, a very welcome addition to the growing body of literature on Chinas emergence in the region. -- Riordan Roett,Co-editor of Latin America and the Asian Giants: Evolving Ties with China and India

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Book SynopsisProvides insight into U.S. and Chinese involvement in aid, trade, direct investment and strategic ties in Latin AmericaIn recent years, China has become the largest trading partner for more than half the countries in Latin America, and demonstrated major commitments in aid and direct investment in various parts of the region. China has also made a number of strategic commitments to countries like Nicaragua, Cuba, and Venezuela which have long-standing policies opposing U.S. influence in the region. China, the United States, and the Future of Latin America posits that this activity is a direct challenge to the role of the U.S. in Latin America and the Caribbean. Part of a three-volume series analyzing U.S.-China relations in parts of the world where neither country is dominant, this volume analyzes the interactions between the U.S., China, and Latin America. The book series has so far considered the differences in operating styles between China and the U.S. in Central Asia and SoutheastTrade ReviewThis volume, dealing with Latin America and the Caribbean, presents a complex picture that lies somewhere between [Denoon’s] previous two. Denoon and the other contributors describe China’s rapidly growing presence as a buyer of raw materials, supplier of manufactured goods, builder of infrastructure, investor, and donor. -- Foreign AffairsA superb volume which explains China's goals in the region and analyzes how both the United States and Latin American countries have responded. Because the volume covers foreign policy and economics for all the key states in the region, it is an outstanding, original contribution to the field and an invaluable reference book. Denoon has carefully selected the authors of each chapter to reflect divergent perspectives on these developments, so readers can draw their own conclusions about how influential China will become at the southern doorstep of the U.S. -- Joydeep Mukherjee,Managing Director, Standard & Poor's Sovereign RatingsGiven the arrival of the Trump administration, this volume takes on added relevance.China will become an increasingly important option for the region.The authors expertly analyze the general considerations that drive the relationship, and provide expert country analysis on the options available to the major states.This volume carefully explores Chinas perspective on Latin America and convincingly debunks the myth that China seeks to replace the United States.Overall, a very welcome addition to the growing body of literature on Chinas emergence in the region. -- Riordan Roett,Co-editor of Latin America and the Asian Giants: Evolving Ties with China and India

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Book SynopsisMany authoritarian leaders want nuclear weapons, but few manage to acquire them. Autocrats seeking nuclear weapons fail in different ways and to varying degreesIraq almost managed it; Libya did not come close. In Unclear Physics, Malfrid Braut-Hegghammer compares the two failed nuclear weapons programs, showing that state capacity played a crucial role in the trajectory and outcomes of both projects. Braut-Hegghammer draws on a rich set of new primary sources, collected during years of research in archives, fieldwork across the Middle East, and interviews with scientists and decision makers from both states. She gained access to documents and individuals that no other researcher has been able to consult. Her book tells the story of the Iraqi and Libyan programs from their origins in the late 1950s and 1960s until their dismantling.This book reveals contemporary perspectives from scientists and regime officials on the opportunities and challenges facing each project. Many of tTrade ReviewFor some years I have been puzzling over the question of why some countries that want nuclear weapons succeed in building them and others don't.... What happened with the failures, Libya and Iraq? A good deal of sporadic reading has long persuaded me that one way or the other both countries had or had acquired sufficient means to pursue a program—in the case of Libya there were financial resources and in the case of Iraq both financial and scientific resources. The Libyans started with almost nothing, but the oil boom enabled them to buy what they needed. Yet both countries had leaders—Saddam Hussein and Muammar Gaddafi—whose feelings about these weapons were ambivalent and always secondary to preserving the ideology of the regime. Now there is an excellent new book, Unclear Physics: Why Iraq and Libya Failed to Build Nuclear Weapons, by the Norwegian political scientist Målfrid Braut-Hegghammer, that is the most detailed study of these two programs that I have seen. * New York Review of Books *An insightful account. * Foreign Affairs *Path-breaking.... Braut-Hegghammer makes a major contribution to the burgeoning field of international nuclear history... as well as to the theoretical literature in security and proliferation studies.... A rich harvest of findings that complements and goes beyond that provided by previous studies.... Thoughtful and provocative in its analyses, and sometimes revelatory in its display of new evidence, this is an excellent addition to the literature on proliferation studies and the most authoritative account we have to date of the ill-fated Iraqi and Libyan nuclear programmes. * International Affairs *A remarkable comparative history of the Iraqi and Libyan nuclear weapons programmes.... [Braut-Hegghammer's] account draws on interviews and rare documents to provide the fullest picture currently available of both programmes.... A thorough, well-researched history of two nuclear programmes, a history that is interesting in its own right but also significantly complicates simple theoretical models about regime type and proliferation. It ultimately reminds us that reality is often far more interesting than the stories we make up. * Survival *[An] exhaustively researched and compelling history.... Braut-Hegghammer's work stands as a valuable reminder that sociology trumps technology when it comes to estimating the potential of a clandestine nuclear-weapon program. The culture that animates a nuclear enterprise matters. * The Nonproliferation Review *

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Book SynopsisPolicymakers worry that ungoverned spaces pose dangers to security and development. Why do such spaces exist beyond the authority of the state? Earlier scholarshipwhich addressed this question with a list of domestic failuresoverlooked the crucial role that international politics play. In this shrewd book, Melissa M. Lee argues that foreign subversion undermines state authority and promotes ungoverned space. Enemy governments empower insurgents to destabilize the state and create ungoverned territory. This kind of foreign subversion is a powerful instrument of modern statecraft. But though subversion is less visible and less costly than conventional force, it has insidious effects on governance in the target state.To demonstrate the harmful consequences of foreign subversion for state authority, Crippling Leviathan marshals a wealth of evidence and presents in-depth studies of Russia''s relations with the post-Soviet states, Malaysian subversion of the Philippines in tTrade ReviewLee's pathbreaking book provides the best study yet of how ungoverned spaces have become important in international conflict. * Foreign Affairs *Melissa Lee's superb new book challenges both the conventional wisdom and the qualification to identify an overlooked way in which conflictual relations between two states since 1960 have served to weaken, rather than strengthen, one of the disputants. * Perspective on Politics *Lee has written nothing short of a cornerstone book for any international relations or comparative politics scholar. * Security Studies Quarterly *As a whole, Crippling Leviathan stands at the intersection of comparative politics and international relations and makes contributions to both fields. Lee's chief theoretical insight is that state formation and consolidation—central concepts to scholarly work in both comparative politics and international relations—is not merely a domestic, but also a transnational process. Lee's chief empirical contribution is the creative and thoughtful measures for state capacity. * International Studies Review *Table of ContentsIntroduction: The International Dimensions of State Weakness 1. The State of State Authority 2. The Strategy of Foreign Subversion 3. Hostile Neighbors, Weak Peripheries 4. The Roots of Subversion 5. Undermining State Authority in the Philippines 6. Undermining State Authority in Cambodia Conclusion: The Leviathan, Crippled

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Book SynopsisThe Burden-Sharing Dilemma examines the conditions under which the United States is willing and able to pressure its allies to assume more responsibility for their own defense. The United States has a mixed track record of encouraging allied burden-sharingwhile it has succeeded or failed in some cases, it has declined to do so at all in others. This variation, Brian D. Blankenship argues, is because the United States tailors its burden-sharing pressure in accordance with two competing priorities: conserving its own resources and preserving influence in its alliances. Although burden-sharing enables great power patrons like the United States to lower alliance costs, it also empowers allies to resist patron influence. Blankenship identifies three factors that determine the severity of this burden-sharing dilemma and how it is managed: the latent military power of allies, the shared external threat environment, and the level of a patron''s resource constrain

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Book SynopsisOn December 31, 2015, the ten-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) ushered in a new era with the founding of the ASEAN Community (AC). The culmination of 12 years of intensive preparation, the AC was both a historic initiative and an unprecedented step toward the area's regional integration. Political commentators and media outlets, however, greeted its establishment with little fanfare. Implicitly and explicitly, they suggested that the AC was only the beginning: Southeast Asia, they seemed to say, was taking its first steps on a linear process of unification that would converge on the model of the European Union. In The Indonesian Way, Jürgen Rüland challenges this previously unquestioned diffusion of European norms. Focusing on the reception of ASEAN in Indonesia, Rüland traces how foreign policy stakeholders in government, civil society, the legislature, academe, the press, and the business sector have responded to calls for ASEAN's Europeanization, ultimately fusing them with their own distinctly Indonesian form of regionalism. His analysis reframes the nature of ASEAN as well as the discipline of international relations more broadly, writing a narrative of regional integration and norm diffusion that breaks free of Eurocentric thought.Trade Review"Avoiding the Western-centrism trap characteristic of rationalist theories of regionalism, Jürgen Rüland cleverly builds on current constructivist theories of norm diffusion to explain how foreign policy stakeholders in Indonesia have responded to external ideational and normative pressures seeking to Europeanize ASEAN. With intelligence and nuance, he offers an essential study of comparative regionalism and Indonesia's role in the ASEAN Charter." -- Randall Schweller * Ohio State University, Editor-in-Chief, Security Studies *"The book makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of Indonesian foreign policy and ASEAN regionalism. It is an important piece of work, and I found the author's arguments convincing and compelling." -- Moch Faisal Karim * H-Net Reviews *"In addition to its important theoretical contribution to regional integration studies—highlighting the complex processes of localization and that of omnidirectional diffusion, signifying that Europe is not the sole source of inspiration about regional integration—Ruland's book also provides colorful insights into the dynamics of foreign policy decision-making in post-Suharto Indonesia....This book is a welcome addition to the literature on Indonesia's foreign policy and ASEAN" -- Dewi Fortuna Anwar * Contemporary Southeast Asia *"[T]he book is a very welcome addition to recent, more theoretically-informed scholarship on foreign policy in Southeast Asia and ASEAN Studies, and will be of interest to both scholars and policymakers interested in this region."––Stéphanie Martel, Pacific AffairsTable of ContentsContents and Abstracts1Introduction chapter abstractThis chapter contextualizes the study in current debates on the effects of norm diffusion. Research intellectually influenced by world polity theory projects an increasing similarity of regional organizations as a result of two concurring processes: the promotion of the European model of regional integration by the EU and the model's imitation by other regional organizations. Highlighting diversity, this book takes a different perspective. It argues that world polity theory overemphasizes structural similarities and underestimates cultural differences, thus lacking context sensitivity. By grounding the research in Eisenstadt's "multiple modernities" paradigm, the chapter argues that the belief in only one modernity is a myth and that modern institutions are socially and culturally embedded. As culture is diverse and path dependent, terminological and organizational similarities tend to be superficial and often conceal extant normative underpinnings, which do not match the seemingly appropriated model of regional integration. 2Theory and Methodology chapter abstractThe chapter develops an essentially constructivist theoretical framework that strongly draws from Amitav Acharya's theory of "constitutive localization." It nuances Acharya's theory to make its outward-in perspective compatible with a bottom-up analysis of ideational discourses. Acharya conceptualizes recipients of external normative challenges less as passive norm-takers than as agents that actively reconstruct foreign norms to make them congruent with their own local norms. Constitutive localization thus transcends strongly Western-centric, modernization theory-driven approaches to norm diffusion and helps to add Southern perspectives to IR and regionalism studies. The second part of the chapter details the study's methodology, including case selection, selection of foreign policy stakeholder groups, and research techniques. The latter are largely qualitative and interpretive and rely strongly on discourse analysis of newspaper articles, other written materials, public speeches, and expert interviews. 3The "Cognitive Prior" and the European Challenge chapter abstractThis chapter seeks to establish what Acharya has termed the "cognitive prior." It explores extant Indonesian ideas on foreign policymaking and ASEAN cooperation. Europeanizing changes were triggered by the Asian Financial Crisis (1997–1998), which discredited the ASEAN Way as ASEAN's established repository of cooperation norms. The chapter shows how the worldviews of Indonesian foreign policy elites have been shaped by adverse historical experiences, which have evoked on the one hand strong sentiments of insecurity and vulnerability, on the other, a strong sense of entitlement to regional leadership. At the regional level, the cognitive prior is strongly influenced by Westphalian sovereignty norms. In the aftermath of the Asian Financial Crisis the ASEAN Way was challenged by external and domestic critics, climaxing with the ASEAN Charter debate. The chapter ends with an analysis of the institutional changes the Charter inaugurated and the ideas and norms it seemingly appropriated from the EU. 4The Indonesian Government and the ASEAN Charter chapter abstractThe Indonesian government was the most significant actor in the ASEAN Charter debate and the relevance of regionalism for Indonesia's foreign policy. It negotiated the Charter with the other ASEAN governments and strongly influenced the domestic debate on ASEAN and Indonesia's role in it. The chapter outlines changes in Indonesian foreign policymaking, which became a multistakeholder process after the demise of President Suharto's authoritarian New Order regime in May 1998. Applying Acharya's localization theory, it examines how leading government exponents—the president, the foreign minister, and high-ranking diplomats—framed, grafted, and pruned European concepts of regional integration. The chapter shows that although the Indonesian government was the most vocal among ASEAN members in propagating EU-style reforms, it localized core reformist concepts such as democracy and human rights with extant local ideas such as organicism, soft law, leadership ambitions, ancient welfare and security conceptions, and the ASEAN Way. 5Non-Governmental Organizations and the ASEAN Charter chapter abstractNon-governmental organizations were the main antipode to the Indonesian government in the ASEAN Charter debate. The chapter shows how NGOs proliferated in Indonesia's post-1998 democratization and became major actors in the country's domestic politics, including the debate on Indonesia's ASEAN policies. The chapter examines how civil society activists localized European concepts of regional integration. NGOs promoted bolder reforms than did the government, focusing on popular empowerment in regional decision making, human rights protection, and social benefits for the less advantaged segments of society. NGOs pleaded for an "alternative regionalism" or "regionalism from below," which critically evaluated ASEAN's government-driven market-opening reforms. Even more than the government, NGOs also imported ideas on regionalism not only from Europe, but also from Latin America and Africa. Yet NGOs, too, localized these alien concepts of regionalism with extant ideas on welfare, organicism, anticapitalist traditions, and—to a lesser extent—security. 6The Legislature and the ASEAN Charter chapter abstractThe chapter shows how as a consequence of democratization the Indonesian legislature became a major stakeholder in Indonesian foreign policymaking. Based on Acharya's localization theory, it goes on to scrutinize the responses of Indonesian legislators to the external normative challenges during the ASEAN Charter debate. One of the results is that Indonesian legislators expect a reformed ASEAN to promote the democratization of regional governance and increases in public welfare. Yet, unlike NGO representatives, legislators avoided explicit calls for popular empowerment. In sum, legislators, too, did not opt for a wholesale adoption of European concepts of regional integration. They localized democracy aspirations with ancient notions of leadership, organicist ideas, and welfare concepts. 7The ASEAN Charter and the Academe chapter abstractThe chapter details how in the last two decades the participation of academics in Indonesian foreign policymaking broadened. While in the past only a few think tanks provided input on the government's foreign policy decisions, in the Era Reformasi many university scholars also became foreign policy stakeholders. The chapter examines how the academe localized European ideas on regionalism during the ASEAN Charter debate. While most academics strongly opted for a democratization of regional governance and the establishment of a regional human rights mechanism, the motivations differed. One group supported such reforms from a strictly normative point of view, others saw in them a leverage to increase ASEAN efficiency in the wake of the challenges posed by rising regional giants China and India. Academics localized European ideas of regionalism to a lesser extent than the government and legislators. Yet they too fused them with extant local ideas of security. 8The Press and the ASEAN Charter chapter abstractThe chapter highlights the changes in Indonesian print media after democratization and their increased role in foreign policy debates and discourses on regionalism. Based on Acharya's localization theory, the chapter explores the print media's ideas on the reform of Southeast Asia's regionalism. The print media contributed strongly to the ASEAN Charter debate, stressing democracy, increased welfare, and security improvements as major motivations for the reforms. While they, too, were receptive of European ideas, in their articles and editorials journalists fused them with the country's organicist traditions, leadership claims, soft power, and notions of survivalism. 9Business and the ASEAN Charter chapter abstractEconomic interest groups proliferated after the end of the Suharto regime. They, too, became major stakeholders in foreign policy decisions, especially those with implications for the international competitiveness of Indonesian businesses. The chapter investigates how and to what extent business representatives localized EU norms of regional integration. Interestingly, public contributions of business interests to the Charter debate were rare, and the economic implications of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) envisaged in the Charter were discussed only much later. Yet responses to the AEC's common market and production base differed. While EU-style market-opening reforms were supported by large, export-oriented firms, the majority of small- and medium-scale industries producing for the domestic market rejected them. Business representatives localized reforms imitating the EU model, too, thereby relying on ancient prosperity ideas, the vulnerability discourse, leadership, and soft power. 10Indonesian Visions of Regionalism: From Yudhoyono to Jokowi chapter abstractWith the "leadership frame," the chapter unearths a new interpretive frame of the Charter from 2009 onward, suggesting a gradual return of extant ideas of Indonesian foreign policymaking. The chapter also scrutinizes the internalization of the new EU-inspired ideas of regionalism. The litmus tests were events in which the territorial and economic sovereignty of Indonesia was challenged, such as the disputes with Malaysia over maritime borders and the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area. The response to these events showed that most stakeholders except civil society threw overboard many of the liberal-cosmopolitan values associated with European regional integration. Last, the chapter examines whether this ideational reversal continued under the Jokowi government and suggests that the latter did not abruptly break with the foreign policy of his predecessor. Many of the seemingly new Jokowi policies had their roots in the second term of the Yudhoyono presidency. 11Conclusion chapter abstractThe chapter recapitulates the norm appropriation by the Indonesian foreign policy community. Most stakeholders localized external ideas and norms. In the process, the government was exposed to localization pressures by nonstate actors from below. Legislators and business representatives mainly drew from extant beliefs, while in their majority NGOs, academics, and the press vocally propagated the European ideas of regional integration. By charting additional pathways of norm diffusion and distinguishing defensive and offensive localization, the study nuanced existing norm diffusion theory. Indonesian foreign policy stakeholders also imported ideas from Africa and Latin America, making norm diffusion an omnidirectional process. The study provides strong evidence that ASEAN's cooperation norms continue to differ from the EU. Highlighting the normative agency of Indonesian foreign policy stakeholders, the study contributes to the project of a Global IR, which more than hitherto takes into account events and processes in the Global South.

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Book SynopsisOne of the gravest issues facing the global community today is the threat of nuclear war. As a growing number of nations gain nuclear capabilities, the odds of nuclear conflict increase. Yet nuclear deterrence strategies remain rooted in Cold War models that do not take into account regional conflict. Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments offers an innovative theory of brokered bargaining to better understand and solve regional crises. As the world has moved away from the binational relationships that defined Cold War conflict while nuclear weapons have continued to proliferate, new types of nuclear threats have arisen. Moeed Yusuf proposes a unique approach to deterrence that takes these changing factors into account. Drawing on the history of conflict between India and Pakistan, Yusuf describes the potential for third-party intervention to avert nuclear war. This book lays out the ways regional powers behave and maneuver in response to the pressures of strong global powers. Moving beyond debates surrounding the widely accepted rational deterrence model, Yusuf offers an original perspective rooted in thoughtful analysis of recent regional nuclear conflicts. With depth and insight, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments urges the international community to rethink its approach to nuclear deterrence.Trade Review"This outstanding book serves as a sobering reminder of the dangers that crises between regional nuclear actors pose to global peace. One of the world's foremost experts on U.S. policy towards South Asia, Moeed Yusuf has produced powerful original scholarship that emphasizes the critical role the United States has played, and must continue to play, in managing these crises. An absolute must-read for policy makers." -- Stephen J. Hadley * former U.S. National Security Advisor *"Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments expands our understanding of a new, dangerous frontier in international security: the bargaining and decision-making of regional nuclear rivals, in crises that play out under the purview of powerful third parties. Moeed Yusuf illuminates these dynamics in surprising ways, weaving together insights from theories of nuclear strategy and diplomacy, third-party conflict management, and unipolarity. The study gives us much to think about as we consider how similar nuclear crises in South Asia, and other regional contexts, could unfold and—one hopes—be resolved short of war." -- Timothy Crawford * Boston College *"In this important new book, Moeed Yusuf shows that the nuclear crises of today are multiplayer games and that the role of the third-party mediator may in fact be the most important. A truly valuable theoretical and empirical contribution." -- Vipin Narang * Massachusetts Institute of Technology *"This brilliant book raises important questions about the nuclear futures of the world. With the US edging towards one side in South Asia, and trying to get the Chinese to play a new role in South and East Asia, will the concept of brokered bargaining be pushed to the breaking point? Will China (or a subordinate state) be persuaded that force is useful or necessary? The book forces one to think afresh about these issues." -- Stephen P. Cohen, Senior Fellow Emeritus * Brookings Institution *"We tested the nuclear-weapons capability a score ago. We need to add value to the theoretical and strategic literature on the subject. That Yusuf is the first to do so is highly commendable. Interestingly, the work is also meant for the informed generalist. In addition to conceptual originality, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments also provides original, first-time information on the three crises Yusuf studies. That information, in and of itself, is crucial to understanding how decision-making plays out in the South Asian context." -- Ejaz Haider * Dawn *"The result is a highly original contribution to nuclear theory –- an area that has largely remained the preserve of Euro-American scholars in the past—as Yusuf presents his own model of 'brokered bargaining' to conceptualize crises in regional contexts." -- Wajahat Ali * Arab News *"Moeed Yusuf's riveting insights on the subject could not have come at a better time for practitioners and scholars. It gives a much-needed glance into the US playbook and how it is likely to be used in future crises in the South Asian theater. It is a rich addition to scholarship because it analyzes South Asian crises beyond the deterrence framework and concludes that crises behavior will be influenced by many other factors than nuclear and conventional deterrence." -- Syed Ali Zia Jaffery * Pakistan Politico *"Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments offers a valuable analytical lens to students of nuclear politics in international relations by outlining the trilateral and multilateral dynamics in regional nuclear environments. Yusuf's prudent narration of the post-Cold War nuclearized canvas of South Asia and of the three Indo-Pak crises will positively engage readers from the region and outside." -- Tanvi Kulkarni * South Asian Voices *"Moeed Yusuf's book not only provides a comprehensive insight into the role effectively played by the US as a third party – an aspect which has been discussed by other writers as well, but it makes a successful attempt at theorising why and how presence and role of the US impacts crisis behaviour in a nuclear environment." -- Salma Malik * The Friday Times *"Moeed Yusuf's book, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments, is remarkable for two reasons. First, inheriting an academic discourse on international conflict that is accustomed to thinking in dyads, it reminds us that the real world is less simple, and brings into focus tripartite engagement, with additional actors having speaking parts. Second, it reconstructs three recent crisis events in quiet detail. This distillation, based in part on an impressive list of interviews, is useful especially to those interested in studying India-Pakistan relations with specific focus on nuclear policy and advocacy." -- Swarna Rajagopalan * H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews *"[T]his book carries immense value by bringing forth a crisis management "playbook" for third party powers and in incisively explaining the crisis behavior of regional powers. Its perceptive description of the three crises in South Asia carries great value for the scholars of strategic studies as well as policymakers grappling with crisis management in nuclearized environments." -- Saima Aman Sial * South Asian Voices *"I hope tomorrow's negotiators will read this book." -- Teresita C. Schaffer * South Asia Hand *"This is a timely book. [A] valuable contribution to an area that has received inadequate attention since the end of the Cold War."––Rajesh Basrur, International Affairs"This excellent book shows the critical role played by the United States and other third parties, including the United Kingdom and China, in de-escalating the first three nuclear crises since the May 1998 Indian and Pakistani nuclear tests....[A] major contribution to the literature on the elusive search for 'crisis stability' in Indo–Pakistani relations." -- Mario E. Carranza * The Nonproliferation Review *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: Regional Nuclear Crises in a Unipolar World chapter abstractThe Introduction lays the groundwork for the rest of the book by introducing the need for a theory of nuclear crisis behavior centered on third-party mediation. Specifically, how does the presence of the unipole and stronger third parties alter the crisis behavior of regional nuclear powers situated within a unipolar world? And what implications does this have for crisis management, stability, and outcomes? The chapter introduces the puzzle and explains the book's empirical focus on South Asia by highlighting that India and Pakistan are the only regional nuclear powers to have experienced major crises since the end of the Cold War. The chapter also summarizes the key findings from the three case studies, the 1999 Kargil conflict, the 2001–2002 military standoff, and the 2008 Mumbai crisis, and confirms evidence in line with the proposed theory of brokered bargaining. 1Understanding Nuclear Crisis Behavior: A Survey of the Literature chapter abstractThis chapter surveys the literature on nuclear crises. It begins by summarizing the Cold War treatment of these episodes, highlighting the centrality of bilateral deterrence and models such as "brinkmanship" in creating expectations for nuclear crisis behavior. Even though third-party actors remained important as superpower allies during the Cold War, literature during this period suffered from a two-actor bias flowing from the global hegemony of the superpowers. Post–Cold War literature tends to account for regional nuclearization and unipolarity but in summarizing this body of work, the chapter identifies that there is still insufficient knowledge of the various factors at play in regional nuclear crises. 2Setting Up the Inquiry: An Introduction to Brokered Bargaining chapter abstractThis chapter introduces brokered bargaining as a three-actor model that explains patterns of state behavior in regional crises in a unipolar global setting. The chapter presents ten propositions that are posited to collectively shape crisis behavior of the United States and other strong states acting as third-party mediators and of regional rivals. Crisis behavior of regional rivals ought to be marked by a constant tension between their incentives to pursue their maximalist objectives and their compulsion not to defy the third party completely given its power to tilt the crisis decisively against them. The third party would seek to heighten the antagonists' sensitivity to its preference for de-escalation ahead of their ideal crisis outcomes. Brokered bargaining unpacks the processes and mechanisms that underpin this trilateral interaction. The last part of the chapter presents the methodology applied to the case studies in the next section of the book. 3The Kargil Crisis chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 1999 Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan, and establishes that what may otherwise be construed as a classic limited war where major conflict was avoided due to nuclear deterrence was in reality a display of brokered bargaining. This entailed the United States and other major powers ignoring Pakistan's effort to manipulate the risk of war and its pleas for support to help terminate the crisis while it was in possession of forcibly occupied territory in Indian Kashmir. They deemed Pakistan's unilateral withdrawal to be the most realistic and efficient way of ensuring crisis termination. India reacted militarily to Pakistan's provocation but kept its actions limited to retain international goodwill and get the third party to make efforts to ensure Pakistan's withdrawal. The chapter also analyzes the several risks of escalation introduced due to India's and Pakistan's misperceptions of the third party's outlook toward the crisis. 4The 2001–2002 Military Standoff chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 2001–2002 military standoff that kept India and Pakistan on the verge of war for ten months. Brokered bargaining characterized crisis behavior of the rivals and the U.S.-led third party. India threatened to use military force but pulled back at critical junctures as the United States acted as a guarantor of Pakistan's promises of curbing cross-border terrorism and raised India's costs of defying third-party demands to de-escalate. Pakistan promised retaliation against India and harmed the U.S. military campaign in Afghanistan by withdrawing forces from the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, but this "autonomous" behavior was trumped by its propensity to oblige the United States by accepting some responsibility for anti-India terrorism and acting tangibly against militants. The chapter also analyzes the several risks of escalation introduced by India's and Pakistan's misperceptions of the third party's leverage over the opponent. 5The Mumbai Crisis chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 2008 Mumbai crisis and shows that brokered bargaining characterized crisis behavior of the rivals and the U.S.-led third party. In a situation that could have boiled over given the spectacular nature of the terrorist attacks that triggered the crisis, India, Pakistan, and the United States exhibited an even greater sense of familiarity with the opportunities and limitations associated with the trilateral bargaining framework. Despite threatening military action at times, India relied almost exclusively on the United States to pursue its crisis objectives. Without boxing it in completely, the United States pressured Pakistan and forced it to take actions against terrorists believed to be linked to the attacks, and used this to pacify India. The centrality of the third-party strand of crisis management helps explain the prudence both sides exhibited in avoiding brinkmanship. 6Brokered Bargaining: Observations and Lessons for South Asia chapter abstractDrawing on the case studies, this chapter examines the applicability of brokered bargaining in South Asia's first decade of overt nuclearization and its implications for crisis stability. In each crisis, the concern about escalation forced the United States and other strong states to engage, largely unsolicited, and use a mix of rewards and threats with the regional rivals to achieve de-escalation. Both India and Pakistan eagerly engaged the third-party and oscillated between manipulating the risk of war and deferring to its preferences to gain its support. The process encompassing this dynamic interaction explained both the specific choices and the overall crisis behavior of the three actors. Escalation risks due to the "moral hazard problem," the "multiple-audience problem," and the peacetime policy choices of the antagonists and the United States were present. 7Beyond South Asia: Generalizing the Application of Brokered Bargaining chapter abstractThis chapter addresses the general applicability of brokered bargaining beyond South Asia, focusing on four prototypes of rivalries: between countries that are considered friends of the unipole (futuristic crisis scenarios involving Israel versus a nuclear Saudi Arabia, Turkey, or Egypt); between a friend and foe of the unipole (Israel versus a nuclear Iran); between a foe of the unipole and an ally with formally extended deterrence guarantees (Korean peninsula); and between a friend and a presumptive great power rival of the unipole (India versus China). The discussion establishes the similarities and differences of these prototypes with the South Asian cases. While each presents a somewhat distinct set of challenges for third-party actors, the fundamental crisis dynamic whereby the third party works to secure de-escalation without seeking to alienate either conflicting party completely and the antagonists feel compelled not to defy it outright remains valid in each case. 8Brokered Bargaining: Implications for Theory and Practice chapter abstractThis chapter reflects on the theoretical and practical implications of the book. It highlights the work's contribution to the otherwise undertheorized role of third parties in preventing war, its fresh perspectives on the optimism-pessimism debate on nuclear deterrence, and its attention to scholarship on nonnuclear subjects, primarily mediation, unipolarity theory, and sociological literature on "evaluation" by external audiences. The discussion highlights policy recommendations for decision makers in the United States, other third-party states, India, Pakistan, and other potential regional nuclear rivals. It stresses the need for a holistic U.S. policy approach to crises between regional nuclear powers.

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Book SynopsisOne of the gravest issues facing the global community today is the threat of nuclear war. As a growing number of nations gain nuclear capabilities, the odds of nuclear conflict increase. Yet nuclear deterrence strategies remain rooted in Cold War models that do not take into account regional conflict. Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments offers an innovative theory of brokered bargaining to better understand and solve regional crises. As the world has moved away from the binational relationships that defined Cold War conflict while nuclear weapons have continued to proliferate, new types of nuclear threats have arisen. Moeed Yusuf proposes a unique approach to deterrence that takes these changing factors into account. Drawing on the history of conflict between India and Pakistan, Yusuf describes the potential for third-party intervention to avert nuclear war. This book lays out the ways regional powers behave and maneuver in response to the pressures of strong global powers. Moving beyond debates surrounding the widely accepted rational deterrence model, Yusuf offers an original perspective rooted in thoughtful analysis of recent regional nuclear conflicts. With depth and insight, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments urges the international community to rethink its approach to nuclear deterrence.Trade Review"This outstanding book serves as a sobering reminder of the dangers that crises between regional nuclear actors pose to global peace. One of the world's foremost experts on U.S. policy towards South Asia, Moeed Yusuf has produced powerful original scholarship that emphasizes the critical role the United States has played, and must continue to play, in managing these crises. An absolute must-read for policy makers." -- Stephen J. Hadley * former U.S. National Security Advisor *"Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments expands our understanding of a new, dangerous frontier in international security: the bargaining and decision-making of regional nuclear rivals, in crises that play out under the purview of powerful third parties. Moeed Yusuf illuminates these dynamics in surprising ways, weaving together insights from theories of nuclear strategy and diplomacy, third-party conflict management, and unipolarity. The study gives us much to think about as we consider how similar nuclear crises in South Asia, and other regional contexts, could unfold and—one hopes—be resolved short of war." -- Timothy Crawford * Boston College *"In this important new book, Moeed Yusuf shows that the nuclear crises of today are multiplayer games and that the role of the third-party mediator may in fact be the most important. A truly valuable theoretical and empirical contribution." -- Vipin Narang * Massachusetts Institute of Technology *"This brilliant book raises important questions about the nuclear futures of the world. With the US edging towards one side in South Asia, and trying to get the Chinese to play a new role in South and East Asia, will the concept of brokered bargaining be pushed to the breaking point? Will China (or a subordinate state) be persuaded that force is useful or necessary? The book forces one to think afresh about these issues." -- Stephen P. Cohen, Senior Fellow Emeritus * Brookings Institution *"We tested the nuclear-weapons capability a score ago. We need to add value to the theoretical and strategic literature on the subject. That Yusuf is the first to do so is highly commendable. Interestingly, the work is also meant for the informed generalist. In addition to conceptual originality, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments also provides original, first-time information on the three crises Yusuf studies. That information, in and of itself, is crucial to understanding how decision-making plays out in the South Asian context." -- Ejaz Haider * Dawn *"The result is a highly original contribution to nuclear theory –- an area that has largely remained the preserve of Euro-American scholars in the past—as Yusuf presents his own model of 'brokered bargaining' to conceptualize crises in regional contexts." -- Wajahat Ali * Arab News *"Moeed Yusuf's riveting insights on the subject could not have come at a better time for practitioners and scholars. It gives a much-needed glance into the US playbook and how it is likely to be used in future crises in the South Asian theater. It is a rich addition to scholarship because it analyzes South Asian crises beyond the deterrence framework and concludes that crises behavior will be influenced by many other factors than nuclear and conventional deterrence." -- Syed Ali Zia Jaffery * Pakistan Politico *"Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments offers a valuable analytical lens to students of nuclear politics in international relations by outlining the trilateral and multilateral dynamics in regional nuclear environments. Yusuf's prudent narration of the post-Cold War nuclearized canvas of South Asia and of the three Indo-Pak crises will positively engage readers from the region and outside." -- Tanvi Kulkarni * South Asian Voices *"Moeed Yusuf's book not only provides a comprehensive insight into the role effectively played by the US as a third party – an aspect which has been discussed by other writers as well, but it makes a successful attempt at theorising why and how presence and role of the US impacts crisis behaviour in a nuclear environment." -- Salma Malik * The Friday Times *"Moeed Yusuf's book, Brokering Peace in Nuclear Environments, is remarkable for two reasons. First, inheriting an academic discourse on international conflict that is accustomed to thinking in dyads, it reminds us that the real world is less simple, and brings into focus tripartite engagement, with additional actors having speaking parts. Second, it reconstructs three recent crisis events in quiet detail. This distillation, based in part on an impressive list of interviews, is useful especially to those interested in studying India-Pakistan relations with specific focus on nuclear policy and advocacy." -- Swarna Rajagopalan * H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews *"[T]his book carries immense value by bringing forth a crisis management "playbook" for third party powers and in incisively explaining the crisis behavior of regional powers. Its perceptive description of the three crises in South Asia carries great value for the scholars of strategic studies as well as policymakers grappling with crisis management in nuclearized environments." -- Saima Aman Sial * South Asian Voices *"I hope tomorrow's negotiators will read this book." -- Teresita C. Schaffer * South Asia Hand *"This is a timely book. [A] valuable contribution to an area that has received inadequate attention since the end of the Cold War."––Rajesh Basrur, International Affairs"This excellent book shows the critical role played by the United States and other third parties, including the United Kingdom and China, in de-escalating the first three nuclear crises since the May 1998 Indian and Pakistani nuclear tests....[A] major contribution to the literature on the elusive search for 'crisis stability' in Indo–Pakistani relations." -- Mario E. Carranza * The Nonproliferation Review *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: Regional Nuclear Crises in a Unipolar World chapter abstractThe Introduction lays the groundwork for the rest of the book by introducing the need for a theory of nuclear crisis behavior centered on third-party mediation. Specifically, how does the presence of the unipole and stronger third parties alter the crisis behavior of regional nuclear powers situated within a unipolar world? And what implications does this have for crisis management, stability, and outcomes? The chapter introduces the puzzle and explains the book's empirical focus on South Asia by highlighting that India and Pakistan are the only regional nuclear powers to have experienced major crises since the end of the Cold War. The chapter also summarizes the key findings from the three case studies, the 1999 Kargil conflict, the 2001–2002 military standoff, and the 2008 Mumbai crisis, and confirms evidence in line with the proposed theory of brokered bargaining. 1Understanding Nuclear Crisis Behavior: A Survey of the Literature chapter abstractThis chapter surveys the literature on nuclear crises. It begins by summarizing the Cold War treatment of these episodes, highlighting the centrality of bilateral deterrence and models such as "brinkmanship" in creating expectations for nuclear crisis behavior. Even though third-party actors remained important as superpower allies during the Cold War, literature during this period suffered from a two-actor bias flowing from the global hegemony of the superpowers. Post–Cold War literature tends to account for regional nuclearization and unipolarity but in summarizing this body of work, the chapter identifies that there is still insufficient knowledge of the various factors at play in regional nuclear crises. 2Setting Up the Inquiry: An Introduction to Brokered Bargaining chapter abstractThis chapter introduces brokered bargaining as a three-actor model that explains patterns of state behavior in regional crises in a unipolar global setting. The chapter presents ten propositions that are posited to collectively shape crisis behavior of the United States and other strong states acting as third-party mediators and of regional rivals. Crisis behavior of regional rivals ought to be marked by a constant tension between their incentives to pursue their maximalist objectives and their compulsion not to defy the third party completely given its power to tilt the crisis decisively against them. The third party would seek to heighten the antagonists' sensitivity to its preference for de-escalation ahead of their ideal crisis outcomes. Brokered bargaining unpacks the processes and mechanisms that underpin this trilateral interaction. The last part of the chapter presents the methodology applied to the case studies in the next section of the book. 3The Kargil Crisis chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 1999 Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan, and establishes that what may otherwise be construed as a classic limited war where major conflict was avoided due to nuclear deterrence was in reality a display of brokered bargaining. This entailed the United States and other major powers ignoring Pakistan's effort to manipulate the risk of war and its pleas for support to help terminate the crisis while it was in possession of forcibly occupied territory in Indian Kashmir. They deemed Pakistan's unilateral withdrawal to be the most realistic and efficient way of ensuring crisis termination. India reacted militarily to Pakistan's provocation but kept its actions limited to retain international goodwill and get the third party to make efforts to ensure Pakistan's withdrawal. The chapter also analyzes the several risks of escalation introduced due to India's and Pakistan's misperceptions of the third party's outlook toward the crisis. 4The 2001–2002 Military Standoff chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 2001–2002 military standoff that kept India and Pakistan on the verge of war for ten months. Brokered bargaining characterized crisis behavior of the rivals and the U.S.-led third party. India threatened to use military force but pulled back at critical junctures as the United States acted as a guarantor of Pakistan's promises of curbing cross-border terrorism and raised India's costs of defying third-party demands to de-escalate. Pakistan promised retaliation against India and harmed the U.S. military campaign in Afghanistan by withdrawing forces from the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, but this "autonomous" behavior was trumped by its propensity to oblige the United States by accepting some responsibility for anti-India terrorism and acting tangibly against militants. The chapter also analyzes the several risks of escalation introduced by India's and Pakistan's misperceptions of the third party's leverage over the opponent. 5The Mumbai Crisis chapter abstractThis chapter examines the 2008 Mumbai crisis and shows that brokered bargaining characterized crisis behavior of the rivals and the U.S.-led third party. In a situation that could have boiled over given the spectacular nature of the terrorist attacks that triggered the crisis, India, Pakistan, and the United States exhibited an even greater sense of familiarity with the opportunities and limitations associated with the trilateral bargaining framework. Despite threatening military action at times, India relied almost exclusively on the United States to pursue its crisis objectives. Without boxing it in completely, the United States pressured Pakistan and forced it to take actions against terrorists believed to be linked to the attacks, and used this to pacify India. The centrality of the third-party strand of crisis management helps explain the prudence both sides exhibited in avoiding brinkmanship. 6Brokered Bargaining: Observations and Lessons for South Asia chapter abstractDrawing on the case studies, this chapter examines the applicability of brokered bargaining in South Asia's first decade of overt nuclearization and its implications for crisis stability. In each crisis, the concern about escalation forced the United States and other strong states to engage, largely unsolicited, and use a mix of rewards and threats with the regional rivals to achieve de-escalation. Both India and Pakistan eagerly engaged the third-party and oscillated between manipulating the risk of war and deferring to its preferences to gain its support. The process encompassing this dynamic interaction explained both the specific choices and the overall crisis behavior of the three actors. Escalation risks due to the "moral hazard problem," the "multiple-audience problem," and the peacetime policy choices of the antagonists and the United States were present. 7Beyond South Asia: Generalizing the Application of Brokered Bargaining chapter abstractThis chapter addresses the general applicability of brokered bargaining beyond South Asia, focusing on four prototypes of rivalries: between countries that are considered friends of the unipole (futuristic crisis scenarios involving Israel versus a nuclear Saudi Arabia, Turkey, or Egypt); between a friend and foe of the unipole (Israel versus a nuclear Iran); between a foe of the unipole and an ally with formally extended deterrence guarantees (Korean peninsula); and between a friend and a presumptive great power rival of the unipole (India versus China). The discussion establishes the similarities and differences of these prototypes with the South Asian cases. While each presents a somewhat distinct set of challenges for third-party actors, the fundamental crisis dynamic whereby the third party works to secure de-escalation without seeking to alienate either conflicting party completely and the antagonists feel compelled not to defy it outright remains valid in each case. 8Brokered Bargaining: Implications for Theory and Practice chapter abstractThis chapter reflects on the theoretical and practical implications of the book. It highlights the work's contribution to the otherwise undertheorized role of third parties in preventing war, its fresh perspectives on the optimism-pessimism debate on nuclear deterrence, and its attention to scholarship on nonnuclear subjects, primarily mediation, unipolarity theory, and sociological literature on "evaluation" by external audiences. The discussion highlights policy recommendations for decision makers in the United States, other third-party states, India, Pakistan, and other potential regional nuclear rivals. It stresses the need for a holistic U.S. policy approach to crises between regional nuclear powers.

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