Archaeology by period / region Books

Book SynopsisOver 15,000 years ago, a band of hunter-gatherers became the first people to set foot in the Americas.They soon found themselves in a world rich in plants and animals, but also a world still shivering itself out of the coldest depths of the Ice Age. The movement of those first Americans was one of the greatest journeys undertaken by ancient peoples. In this book, David Meltzer explores the world of Ice Age Americans, highlighting genetic, archaeological, and geological evidence that has revolutionized our understanding of their origins, antiquity, and adaptation to climate and environmental change. This fully updated edition integrates the most recent scientific discoveries, including the ancient genome revolution and human evolutionary and population history.Written for a broad audience, the book can serve as the primary text in courses on North American Archaeology, Ice Age Environments, and Human evolution and prehistory.Trade Review'The book is an exciting read that offers a lot of information, but always takes the reader along because the author knows how to explain … the book is highly recommended.' Herausgeber, AmerIndian ResearchTable of Contents1. Overture; 2. Glaciers, climates and environments of Ice Age North America; 3. The search for Ice Age Americans: the path from Paleoliths to Paleoindians; 4. Ascertaining archaeological evidence of antiquity; 5. What language, skeletal anatomy and genetics reveal (or not) of the population history of the Americas; 6. Who, from where, when and how? The search for consensus; 7. What do you do when no one's been there before?; 8. Clovis adaptations and Pleistocene Megafaunal extinctions; 9. Settling in: late Paleoindians and the waning ice age; 10. When past and present collide.

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Book SynopsisFirst published in 1993. This is a new edition of Akhaenaten's boundary stelae, which now includes information about most of the boundary markers, the tablets were accompanied by statues of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and two of their daughters, all of which stood on low platforms that were raised above the level of the floor. In addition was the awareness that the statues at the site of Stela A were elevated to a greater degree than were the corresponding statues at other sites (insofar as this could be judged from published photographs). The evidence in the publication indicated, moreover, that Stela A, along with Stela B (some two miles south) were the latest of the boundary monuments to be inscribed, since both concluded with a colophon, dated to the end of Akhenaten's eighth regnal year, added to the standard text of the Later Proclamation found on these and other stelae of this series.Table of ContentsPreface, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Chapter 1 Discovery and Previous Study of the Boundary Stelae, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Chapter 2 The Earlier Proclamation, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Chapter 3 The Later Proclamation, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Chapter 4 Architectural Features of the Boundary Stelae, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Chapter 5 The Boundary Stelae as Official and Historical Documents, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Fragments of the Boundary Stelae no Longer in Situ, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Stela L, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Principal Topics of the Inscription on the Boundary Stelae, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III; Endnotes, William J. Murnane, Charles C. Van Siclen III;

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Book SynopsisImages of the Past is an introduction to prehistoric archaeology that aims to capture the excitement and visual splendor of archaeology, while providing insight into current research methods, interpretations, and theories in the field. The ninth edition offers a beautifully illustrated, full-color, site-by-site survey of prehistory and has been revised in accordance with both new discoveries in archeology and the interests of readers.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Principles of Archaeology Chapter 2: The First Humans Chapter 3: The Hunters Chapter 4: The Origins of Agriculture Chapter 5: Native North AmericansChapter 6: Ancient Mesoamerica Chapter 7: South America: The Inca and Their Predecessors Chapter 8: States and Empires in Asia and Africa Chapter 9: Prehistoric Europe Chapter 10: The Past as Present and Future

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Book SynopsisWhy did the male nude come to occupy such an important place in ancient Greek culture? Despite extended debate, the answer to this question remains obscure. In this book, Sarah Murray demonstrates that evidence from the Early Iron Age Aegean has much to add to the discussion. Her research shows that aesthetics and practices involving male nudity in the Aegean had a complicated origin in prehistory. Murray offers a close analysis of the earliest male nudes from the late Bronze and Early Iron Ages, which mostly take the form of small bronze votive figurines deposited in rural sanctuaries. Datable to the end of the second millennium BCE, these figurines, she argues, enlighten the ritual and material contexts in which nude athletics originated, complicating the rationalizing accounts present in the earliest textual evidence for such practices. Murray's book breaks new ground by reconstructing a scenario for the ritual and ideological origins of nudity in Greek art and culture.Table of Contents1. Introduction; 2. Naked male figurines in the EIA Aegean; 3. Iconographic and regional patterns in EIA bronze figurines and the history of ritual action; 4. The lost wax method of production and EIA bronze figurines; 5. Bronze figurines, transformative processes, and ritual power; 6. EIA nudity and ritual in historical perspective, 225–247; 7. Method and approach in the archaeology of the EIA Aegean.

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Book SynopsisTrade before Civilization explores the role that long-distance exchange played in the establishment and/or maintenance of social complexity, and its role in the transformation of societies from egalitarian to non-egalitarian. Bringing together research by an international and methodologically diverse team of scholars, it analyses the relationship between long-distance trade and the rise of inequality. The volume illustrates how elites used exotic prestige goods to enhance and maintain their elevated social positions in society. Global in scope, it offers case studies of early societies and sites in Europe, Asia, Oceania, North America, and Mesoamerica. Deploying a range of inter-disciplinary and cutting-edge theoretical approaches from a cross-cultural framework, the volume offers new insights and enhances our understanding of socio-political evolution. It will appeal to archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, conflict theorists, and ethnohistorians, as well as economists seeking to Table of Contents1. New perspectives on long-distance trade and social complexity Johan Ling, Richard J. Chacon, and Kristian Kristiansen; Part I. Exchange and Social Evolution: Forms of Trade in Egalitarian, Transegalitarian, and Chiefdom Societies: 2. Funnel beaker societies and long-distance trade Johannes Müller; 3. Stonehenge: Long-distance exchange in Late Neolithic Britain c.3000–2450 BC Michael Parker Pearson; 4. Secret societies, rock art, and long-distance exchange in the Nordic Bronze Age: The supra-regional interaction hypothesis Johan Ling, Richard J. Chacon, and Yamilette Chacon; 5. Trade, exchange, and the workings of a “prestige” economy in contact-era New Guinea Paul Roscoe; Part II. The Role That Specific Institutions and Agents Played in Long-Distance Exchange: 6. Middle Bronze Age long-distance exchange: amber, early glass, and guest friendship, xenia Flemming Kaul; 7. Culture heroes, inalienable goods, and religious sodalities: long distance exchange in eastern North America at European contact David Dye; 8. Trade and Calusa complexity: achieving resilience in a changing environment William Marquardt; Part III. The Role of Political Economy and Elite Control in Long-Distance Exchange: 9. Lapita long-distance interactions in the Western Pacific: from prestige goods to prestige practices Matthew Spriggs; 10. Trade and the Hillfort chiefdoms of Bronze Age Ireland William O'Brien; 11. Long-distance exchange between the Eastern Mediterranean and Central and Northern Europe in the Bronze Age: social, political and religious background Rudiger Krause; 12. The Turquoise Corridor: Mesoamerican prestige technologies and social complexity in the Greater Southwest Rubén Mendoza; Part IV. Marxian and Postcolonial Approaches as Well as World System Theory in Relation to Gift Exchange, and Macro-Regional Exchange: 13. Accumulation and the articulation of modes of re-production Michael Rowlands; 14. Scandinavia and Europe in the Earliest Bronze Age: metals, trade, and change Helle Vandkilde; 15. Long-distance interaction in fourth-millennium BCE Eurasia Svend Hansen; 16. Following the breadcrumbs: epistemological and methodological issues in the interpretations of long-distance trade in the Caribbean Antonio Curet and Jose R. Oliver; Part V. Commentary on Contributions to This Volume: 17. Political economy perspectives in trade before and beyond civilizations Brian Hayden and Timothy Earle.

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Book SynopsisDrawing on new archaeological finds from the last two decades, this book offers an up-to-date overview of the archaeology of the Han Empire. It uses material culture to showcase the range of institutions and social actors behind the expansion of China's first empire.

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Book SynopsisNotwithstanding the fact that Egyptology is now recognised as a science, an exact and communicable knowledge of whose existence and scope it behoves all modern culture to take cognisance, Manual of Egyptian Archaeology and Guide to the Study of Antiquities in Egypt remains the Handbook of Egyptian Archaeology. For the skilled archaeologist, its pages contain not only new facts, but new views and new interpretations; while to those who know little, or perhaps nothing, of the subjects under discussion, it will open a fresh and fascinating field of study.Table of ContentsPreface to the Fourth and Revised EditionPreface to the First EditionList of IllustrationsArchitecture -- Civil and MilitaryReligious ArchitectureTombsPainting and SculptureThe Industrial ArtsIndex.

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Book SynopsisLife and Death in Asia Minor combines contributions in both archaeology and bioarchaeology in Asia Minor in the period ca. 200 BC – AD 1300 for the first time. The archaeology topics are wide-ranging including death and territory, death and landscape perception, death and urban transformations from pagan to Christian topography, changing tomb typologies, funerary costs, family organization, funerary rights, rituals and practices among pagans, Jews, and Christians, inhumation and Early Byzantine cremations and use and reuse of tombs. The bioarchaeology chapters use DNA, isotope and osteological analyses to discuss, both among children and adults, questions such as demography and death rates, pathology and nutrition, body actions, genetics, osteobiography, and mobility patterns and diet. The areas covered in Asia Minor include the sites of Hierapolis, Laodikeia, Aphrodisias, Tlos, Ephesos, Priene, Kyme, Pergamon, Amorion, Gordion, Boğazkale, and Arslantepe.The theoretical and methodological approaches used make it highly relevant for people working in other geographical areas and time periods. Many of the articles could be used as case studies in teaching at schools and universities. An important objective of the publication has been to see how the different types of results emerging from archaeological and natural science studies respectively could be integrated with each other and pose new questions on ancient societies, which were far more complex than historical and social studies of the past often manage to transmit.Trade ReviewThese articles offer the possibility, especially to historians reliant on written sources, to have valuable data quantitative and objective information for better estimation of diet, living conditions, structure of families and the relationship to death of populations of Asia Minor during Antiquity and the Middle Ages, in particular in the city of Hierapolis of Phrygia. * Antiquité Tardive *Table of ContentsAcknowledgements vii Authors and Addresses ix Introduction. Dead bodies – Live data: Some reflections from the sideline xiii J. Rasmus Brandt PART I: From life to death. Death and the social and funerary setting The Sanctuary of St Philip in Hierapolis and the tombs of saints in Anatolian cities Francesco D’Andria 2. Necropoleis from the territory of Hierapolis in Phrygia: New data from archaeological surveys Giuseppe Scardozzi 3. The South-East Necropolis of Hierapolis of Phrygia: Planning, typologies and construction techniques Donatella Ronchetta 4. Tomb 163d in the North Necropolis of Hierapolis of Phrygia. An insight into the funerary gestures and practices of the Jewish Diaspora in Asia Minor in Late Antiquity and the Proto-Byzantine period Caroline Laforest, Dominique Castex, and Frédérique Blaizot 5. Tomb ownership in Lycia; site selection and burial rights with selected rock tombs and epigraphical material from Tlos Gül Işın and Ertan Yıldız 6. The sarcophagus of Alexandros, son of Philippos. An important discovery in the Lycian city of Tlos Taner Korkut and Çilem Uygun 7. ‘Till death do them part’: Reconstructing Graeco-Roman family life from funerary inscriptions of Aphrodisias Esen Öğüş 8. Social status and tomb monuments in Hierapolis and Roman Asia Minor Sven Ahrens 9. New evidence for non-elite burial patterns in central Turkey Andrew L. Goldman 10. Reflections on the mortuary landscape of Ephesus. The archaeology of death in a Roman Metropolis Martin Steskal 11. Christian burials in a pagan context at Amorium Christopher S. Lightfoot 12. Romans, Christians, and pilgrims at Hierapolis in Phrygia. A funerary journey of mental changes Camilla Cecilie Wenn, Sven Ahrens, and J. Rasmus Brandt PART II: From death to life. Man and ancient life conditions 13. Analysis of DNA in human skeletal material from Hierapolis Gro Bjørnstad and Erika Hagelberg 14. Isotopic investigations of human diet and mobility at the site of Hierapolis, Turkey Megan Wong, Elise Naumann, Klervia Jaouen, and Michael Richards 15. Diet in Roman Pergamon using stable isotope (C, N, S), osteoarchaeological and historical data – preliminary results Johanna Propstmeier, Olaf Nehlich, Michael Richards, Gisela Grupe, Gundula H. Müldner, and Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen 16. Pergamon – Kyme – Priene: Health and disease from the Roman to the Late Byzantine period in different locations of Asia Minor Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen 17. Toothache, back pain, and fatal injuries – what skeletons tell about life and death at Roman and Byzantine Hierapolis Henrike Kiesewetter 18. Health and disease of infants and children in Byzantine Anatolia between AD 600 and 1350 Michael Schultz and Tyede H. Schmidt-Schultz 19. Infant and child skeletons from the Lower City Church at Byzantine Amorium F. Arzu Demirel 20. The wrestler from Ephesus: Osteobiography of a man from the Roman period based on his anthropological and palaeopathological record Jan Nováček, Kristina Scheelen, and Michael Schultz General Index

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Book SynopsisArt in physical forms and shapes (e.g. buildings and paintings) existed in both prehistoric and modern societies. This book examines similarities and differences between art in ancient Indian (Indus) civilizations and that of the Aegean civilizations (i.e. Minoan, Mycenaean and the Cycladic). In prehistoric cultures, art was distinct from the modern, which was defined in terms of utility or practicality rather than aesthetics. It was expressed not in terms of the beauty of an object, but rather its purpose, such as for worship through representations of gods and goddesses (male and female sculptures) or the use of figurines as votive offerings; it was also used for trade and commerce (stamp seals) and for indication of social hierarchy (jewellery and ornaments). Demand for prestige objects in the Minoan and Mycenaean societies grew in response to royal and elite patronage, which was absent in the Indus Valley. The book discusses production and consumption patterns of objects such as po

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Book SynopsisImagine the whole of British history laid out in one long line, giving a shape to the mysterious prehistoric past, detailing the major English, Scottish and Welsh rulers (including emperors, kings and queens), prime ministers, important events and battles. To be even more useful such a time scale should be in full colour and include the populations, climate, maps, architectural heritage and technological/scientific advances... and it could cover 500,000 years. Filling a gap left by other reference sources, The British Time Scale is a unique and invaluable production. In a conveniently portable folded book format, the timescale will also expand into a chart of 2 metres in length and includes 25 maps. An illustrated overview including climate, population and maps. Richly detailed and in full colour, this is the easiest way to appreciate the whole sweep of human history of this island/peninsula. It can be used fold by fold, book-fashion, whilst touring or as a wall or table chart. Either way, it makes a convenient and enjoyable work of reference.

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Book SynopsisExcavations carried out at the Late Minoan III settlement and cemetery at Mochlos in eastern Crete yielded domestic artifacts, human remains, grave goods, and ecofactual material from 31 tombs and 11 houses. These objects are cataloged, discussed, and illustrated. Radiocarbon dates for the site are also presented. The cemetery remains mirror the settlement remains, and the conclusions discuss how the two sites reflect each other. Rarely in Crete are a settlement and its cemetery both preserved, and it is extremely fortunate to be able to document both in a series of scientific excavation reports (Mochlos IIA-IIC).Trade Review"[I]t...sets the reader on an attractive journey to discover the multifaceted traits of everyday life at Mochlos, as reflected by the rich material culture recovered since 1989 by the Greek-American excavation directed by Jeffrey S. Soles and Costis Davaras... [C]hapter [1] deserves special attention, in consideration of the relatively few studies at the population level on Crete. Health and oral status research opens an important window indeed on gender and social distinction in LM III Mochlos, showing how both men and women, though physically different, were involved in various outdoor activities, and further demonstrating that patterns of stress also reveal the participation of adolescents in occupational activities. Carter [devotes] Chapter 4...to the stone implements... This large and valuable study is more than a straightforward presentation of material: it offers a thorough typological analysis of the ground stone tools, as well as chipped stones, followed by a discussion by context and concluded with a synthesis of the LM III consumption of obsidian at Mochlos and Crete. [I] believe that this indispensable publication...certainly adds more food for thought and opens new paths for further exploration." -- Bryn Mawr Classical Review Bryn Mawr Classical Review "... an excellent and comprehensive presentation of work at Mochlos examining Minoan life and death there at the time just before the fall of Knossos and for almost a century afterward". -- American Journal Of Archaeology American Journal Of ArchaeologyTable of ContentsIntroduction, Jeffrey S. Soles 1. The Human Remains, Sevi Triantaphyllou 2. Burial Containers: Sarcophagi, Pithoi, and Jars, Jeffrey S. Soles, George Rethemiotakis, and Ann M. Nicgorski 3. Jewelry and Other Small Finds, Jeffrey S. Soles, Ann M. Nicgorski, Katerina Kopaka, Mary Ellen Soles, Tristan Carter, and David S. Reese 4. The Stone Implements, Tristan Carter 5. Fauna and Flora, David S. Reese, Dimitra Mylona, Joanna Bending, and Maria Ntinou 6. The Mochlos Region in the LM III Period, Thomas M. Brogan and R. Angus K. Smith App. A. Radiocarbon Dates, Jeffrey S. Soles App. B. Minoan Stone Vase Fragments in LM III Contexts, Tristan Carter App. C. The Painted Plaster from House A, Polly Westlake App. D. Pumice Counts from LM III Contexts, Kelly Caldwell and Sarah L. Smith Bibliography Conc. A Conc. B Index Figures Plates

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Book SynopsisThis volume presents the primary archaeological report about the excavation of the Late Minoan I town of Gournia in eastern Crete, directed by Harriet Boyd Hawes at the beginning of the 20th century. This second edition presents exactly the same information and images as the first edition, but in a smaller, more user friendly format than the original elephantine book. Plans, pottery, and small finds among many other topics on the Bronze Age archaeology of eastern Crete are all included, just as in the first edition.

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Book SynopsisThe Qumran coins (hoard and single finds) are worthy of a novel. They were perfectly examined by H. Seyrig and A. Spijkerman, then the popular conviction spread that the coins had been lost. In fact, they were always kept where they had been classified. Now they are finally published and provide the possibility to suggest that Qumran was a very open centre for trade and transactions, at least from finally the end of the second century BC until the destruction of the site in 70/72 CE. This documentation provides a new reasoning on effective data – not on assumptions.

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Book SynopsisThe ancient site of Colossae in south-west Turkey has been sorely neglected by archaeologists and biblical commentators. It has never been excavated. Modern scholarship in general has been content to repeat nineteenth century assessments, especially those of J.B. Lightfoot and W.M. Ramsay. This is the first modern contribution to gather the archaeological, historical, classical and biblical materials related to the site and its region, some of which is published in English for the first time. It marks a major step forward in scholarship on Colossae, and is designed to restore Colossae to time and space, to its material and comparative significance. Colossae emerges as a site of uninterrupted human activity in dynamic interaction with its neighbours from before the Achaemenid period to beyond the end of Byzantine control. Evidence of a chalcolithic origin of Colossae is presented along with an assessment of the relationship of the site to the modern city of Honaz. An array of international scholars have brought their specialisations in various periods and disciplines to yield a radically new assessment of the history and importance of the site. All future scholarship will be able to use this volume as the necessary foundation for research. The volume includes the first chronology of the ancient site and the first English translation of the key Byzantine text centred on the ancient city, as well as major new insights into the text of the Epistle to the Colossians.

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Book SynopsisThis book is the result of years of intensive study conducted by Yinon Shivtiel throughout Galilee combining historical, archaeological, and speleological research. The author documents and describes all the Galilean sites so far discovered containing the traces of underground cavities hewn out and readied by Jews as refuges and hiding places during the Early Roman period. The study relies on accounts in two of Flavius Josephus' works, The Jewish War and The Life of Josephus, where Josephus records that the Jewish population in Galilee prepared two types of underground chambers for use in times of adversity, defined in the research as "cliff shelters" and "hiding complexes". During the author's comprehensive fieldwork, which is thoroughly documented and described in the book, it became clear that the first method exploited natural caves whose openings were located at the top of steep cliffs, most of which could only be reached by rock climbing or rappelling with the aid of ropes. The many finds from these shelters shed light on their extensive use during the Early Roman period. Where no naturally fortified cliffs existed, the Jews of Galilee resorted to quarrying out underground hiding complexes. The book details the evidence and finds from the different forms of hiding complexes discovered beneath the remains of many of the Jewish settlements in Galilee chronicled by Flavius Josephus. Research into these complexes has revealed their resemblance to similar hiding systems discovered in the Judean plain. The book is copiously illustrated with plans, figures and photographs of both types of underground chambers and it discusses their connection with the desperate times faced by the Jews in Galilee throughout the entire Early Roman period, particularly during the Great Revolt.

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Book SynopsisText in English and French. Qumran Cave 11Q was discovered by Bedouin in 1956. In the cave, remains of around 30 Dead Sea Scrolls were found, a few of them in very good state of preservation (the Temple Scroll, the Psalm Scroll, the Paleo Leviticus Scroll, and the Targum Job Scroll). The cave was excavated by Roland de Vaux (Ecole Biblique et Archeologique Française, Jerusalem) and Gerald L. Harding (Department of Antiquities of Jordan) in 1956; later by Joseph Patrich (University of Haifa) in 1988, and by Marcello Fidanzio and Dan Bahat (ISCAB FTL and Universitedella Svizzera Italiana) in 2017. Due to Roland de Vaux's premature death, the archaeology of Cave 11Q has never been published. This volume presents the final report on the 1956, 1988 and 2017 excavations at Cave 11Q. Next to discussing the physical characteristics and stratigraphy of the cave and offering a full analysis of non-textual finds, the volume for the first time presents many tiny manuscript fragments found in storerooms during recent work. These fragments, most of which were collected during 1956 excavation, have not been known until now. The volume, therefore, offers the final report of Cave 11Q excavations as well as the editio princeps of the new fragments, followed by a reevaluation of the entire set of texts found in this famous cave.

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Book SynopsisStuart Miller examines the hermeneutical challenges posed by the material and literary evidence pertaining to ritual purity practices in Graeco-Roman Palestine and, especially, the Galilee. He contends that "stepped pools", which we now know were in use well beyond the Destruction of the Temple, and, as indicated by the large collection on the western acropolis of Sepphoris and elsewhere, into the Middle and Late Roman/Byzantine eras,must be understood in light of biblical and popular perspectives on ritual purity. The interpretation of the finds is too frequently forced to conform to rabbinic prescriptions, which oftentimes were the result of the sages unique and creative, nominalist approach to ritual purity. Special attention is given to the role ritual purity continued to play in the lives of ordinary Jews despite (or because of) the loss of the Temple. Miller argues against the prevailing tendency to type material finds -- and Jewish society -- according to known groups (pre-70 C.E.: Pharisaic, Sadducaic, Essenic; post 70 C.E.: rabbinic, priestly, etc.). He further counters the perception that ritual purity practices were largely the interest of priests and argues against the recent suggestion that the kohanim resurfaced as an influential group in Late Antiquity. Building upon his earlier work on "sages and commoners," Miller claims that the rabbis emerged out of a context in which a biblically derived "complex common Judaism" thrived. Stepped pools, stone vessels, and other material finds are realia belonging to this "complex common Judaism". A careful reading of the rabbis indicates that they were acutely aware of the extent to which ritual purity rites pertaining to home and family life had "spread," which undoubtedly contributed to their intense interest in regulating them.

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Book SynopsisFor 60 years Qumran research has been focused on epigraphy, exegesis, and the historical sources of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The manuscripts are now published and accessible, and research is turning in a positive way to the archaeology of the site and its context. The time has come to provide researchers with a complete documentation. The excavator, Roland de Vaux, had given preliminary reports and a valuable interpretation made in the immediate aftermath of the excavations. Since considerable progress has been made in the archeology of Hellenistic and Roman Palestine, however, Qumran has to be reassessed and the interpretation objectively verified.Volume IIIA presents an up-to-date archaeological reconsideration: a shorter and more precise chronology, in which the earthquake of 31 BC is deleted; the concept of an Essene community is challenged, owing to the lack of a suitable infrastructure; the cemetery itself is connected with a Jewish diaspora scattered around the Dead Sea. Other facilities strengthen the Jewish character of the site, however. The function of Qumran fits better with the rites of a pilgrimage on the occasion of the festivals of Passover and Pentecost.In the second part, the peripheral Essene facilities, expanded around an earlier Hellenistic center, are analyzed and described. The essay seeks to outline their internal consistency and to determine their function. The restoration of a stratigraphy, by cross-checking the excavation archives, leads to a redistribution of pottery in four levels in a more precise chronology.The reconsideration makes use of anthropology, which opens up the archaeological field and throws additional light on the manuscripts.

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Book SynopsisIn 1885, a large hypogeum was discovered at the Saint-E'tienne Compound, the domain acquired only two and a half years before by the Dominicans on the western slope of El Heidhemiyeh hill, about 250 m north of the Jerusalem Ottoman wall. After the unearthing of a second large hypogeum, only fifty metres north of Hypogeum 1, in their monumental work on the history of Jerusalem, the two eminent Dominican scholars Louis-Hugues Vincent and Felix-Marie Abel proposed to date the two burial complexes to the Hellenistic or Roman period. This dating remained unchallenged until the survey of 1974-75, carried out by the distinguished Israeli archaeologists Gabriel Barkay and Amos Kloner, who proposed to date the two burial caves towards the end of the Judahite kingdom, on the basis of an unsystematic comparison of few architectural features with those of other tombs. In the frame of the improved knowledge of the broad and adjacent archaeological contexts since the last study of the Saint-E'tienne Compound Hypogea, between 2011 and 2014 Riccardo Lufrani carried out a detailed survey of the two burial caves, providing new and more detailed photographic, topographic, archaeological and geological documentation. The systematic comparison of the significant architectural features of the Saint-E'tienne Compound Hypogea with a consistent sample of 22 tombs in the region suggest dating the hewing of the two hypogea to the Early Hellenistic period, shedding a new light on the history of Jerusalem.

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Book SynopsisThe third volume of A Source-book of Indian Archaeology delves into the origins of Indian sculptural, architectural, numismatic, and inscriptional studies, emphasizing human skeletal findings, rock art, and religion. It covers classical sites, early coins, and Asokan inscriptions, presenting a historical view of Indian archaeology until the 1980s.

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Book SynopsisRock art is vital for studying human cognitive evolution globally. Dating it is challenging due to methodological issues. Researchers use techniques like radiocarbon analyses and lichenometry to establish chronologies. This volume focuses on dating methods for Indian rock art, offering new insights and results.

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Book SynopsisThis book concerns the Early Neolithic on Bornholm, c. 3950-3300 BC. Using archaeological finds and excavations, we will study how the first farming society was established and developed. To write an account of how people lived and what their living conditions were like nearly 6,000 years ago is no easy task. The authors felt, however, that the remains and finds from Bornholm dating to this important period may have something to say, and that this could even result in new interpretations. It all began early in our collaboration when excavating the settlement site at Vallensgård, close to the famous Echo Valley (Ekkodalen), near the centre of the island.

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Book SynopsisClassica et Mediaevalia is an international periodical, published annually, with articles written by Danish and International scholars. The articles are mainly written in English, but also in French and German. The periodical deals from a philological point of view with Classical Antiquity in general and topics such as history of law and philosophy and the medieval ecclesiastic history. It covers the period from the Greco-Roman Antiquity until the Late Middle Ages.

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Book SynopsisClassica et Mediaevalia is an international periodical, published annually, with articles written by Danish and International scholars. The articles are mainly written in English, but also in French and German. The periodical deals from a philological point of view with Classical Antiquity in general and topics such as history of law and philosophy and the medieval ecclesiastic history. It covers the period from the Greco-Roman Antiquity until the Late Middle Ages.

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Book SynopsisQeqertasussuk and Qajaa are the only known sites of the Early Arctic Small Tool tradition in the Eastern Arctic, where all kinds of organic materials wood, bone, baleen, hair, skin are preserved in permafrozen culture layers. Together, the sites cover the entire Saqqaq era in Greenland (c. 2400900 BC). Technological and contextual analyses of the excellently preserved archaeological materials from the frozen layers form the core of this publication. Bjarne Grønnow draws a new picture of a true Arctic pioneer society with a remarkably complex technology. The Saqqaq hunting tool kit, consisting of bows, darts, lances, harpoons, and throwing boards, as well as kayak-like sea-going vessels, is described for the first time. A wide variety of hand tools and household utensils as well as lithic and organic refuse and animal bones were found on the intact floor of a midpassage dwelling at Qeqertasussuk. These materials provide entirely new information on the daily life and subsistence of the earliest hunting groups in Greenland. Comparative studies put the Saqqaq Culture into a broad cultural-historical perspective as one of the pioneer societies of the Eastern Arctic.

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Book SynopsisArchive of the Wullu Family

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains fifteen articles dealing with the reciprocity of contacts and influences between East and West in the Ancient world. This volume is the publication of an interdisciplinary seminar held at the University of Copenhagen in 1987 with the participation of archaeologists, philologists and historians.

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Book SynopsisAn essay on the finds from sites in the al-Hasa region of Saudi Arabia. The presentation is organised chronologically, from the 3rd millennium to the Sasanian period.

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Book SynopsisIdentification and classification of a private Danish collection of seals, which were acquired in Baghdad over a number of years more than 30 years ago. The collection covers a period extending from the late Ubaid to the Sasanian dynasty, c. 4000 BC -- 642 AD, and includes twenty-five cylinder seals from the Late Uruk period to Early Dynastic I, nine Early Dynastic II-III seals, eleven Akkadian and Post-Akkadian, six Neo-Sumerian, eight Old Babylonian, three seals of the second half of the second millennium BC, thirteen Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian stamp and cylinder seals, three seals of the second half of the first millennium BC, three bullae and a stamp seal of Seleucid date, thirty Sasanian stamp seals, and finally four fragmentary seals of uncertain date. The seals are listed in chronological order by period. The middle chronology has been used for dating.

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Book SynopsisThis volume contains eighteen articles dealing with the "reception" of Classical art and architecture in the Scandinavian countries, mainly Denmark, from the Renaissance onwards. This volume is the publication of an interdisciplinary seminar held at the University of Copenhagen 1988 with the participation of archaeologists and art historians.

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Book SynopsisThis volume celebrates the centenary of Classical Archaeology as a University discipline in Denmark by presenting nineteen articles on classical archaeological research within Greek, Etruscan and Roman archaeology, ranging from fieldwork and research projects to the publication of material in Danish collections.

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