Archaeology by period / region Books

Book SynopsisGiuseppe Mazzini’s Young Europe and the Birth of Modern Nationalism in the Slavic World examines the intellectual currents in Eastern Europe that attracted educated youth after the Polish Revolution of 18301. Focusing on the political ideas brought to the Slavic world from the West by Polish émigré conspirators, Anna Procyk explores the core message that the Polish revolutionaries carried, a message based on the democratic principles espoused by Young Europe’s founder, Giuseppe Mazzini. Based on archival sources as well as well-documented publications in Eastern Europe, this study highlights that the national awakening among the Czechs, Slovaks, and Galician Ukrainians was not just cultural, as is typically assumed, but political as well. The documentary sources testify that at its inception the political nationalism in Eastern Europe, founded on the humanistic ideals promoted by Mazzini, was republican-democratic in nature and that the clandestine grouTrade Review"This is an absorbing history of the emergence of national consciousness and the desire for independence in the Slavic lands of the Russian and Austrian empires in the 1830s and 1840s. Anna Procyk provides a richly detailed account that involves fascinating characters of all sorts—émigré Polish militants, Greek Catholic priests, poets, conspiratorial organizations, and […] martyrs to the cause of national liberation." -- David G. Rowley, University of Wisconsin-Platteville * The Russian Review *"Anna Procyk’s monograph represents decades of thorough research, much of it archival. It demonstrates that Ukrainian intellectuals, while divided between the Russian and Austrian empires, cultivated strong ties with their Italian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, and Balkan counterparts. Its value, however, goes beyond its important contributions to our knowledge of modern Slavic nationalism. At a time when nationalism has degenerated into chauvinism and consequently fallen into disrepute, it reminds us that it in its original form, nationalism not only united those who shared an ethnic and linguistic heritage, but embraced all peoples seeking independence in fraternal equality." -- Andrew Sorokowski * The Ukrainian Weekly *"Procyk valuably draws our attention to a broad cast of characters little known beyond specialists of this subject. By placing them in a broad international context that extends beyond eastern Europe, Procyk helps to break down the intellectual boundaries that have long compartmentalized the study of individual east European nations, as well as the sharper divisions between west and east European history. In so doing, Procyk offers a model of transnational east European history well worth developing further." -- Jared Warren * H-Poland *"If one compares historical research to a jigsaw puzzle, Procyk’s study is a corner piece. In our field, many excellent studies are being published that enlighten us about the region’s past, its popular politicians, ignored intellectuals, and admired activists. Yet few studies deserve the predicate of ‘outstanding’ for their wide scope and scholarly depth. Procyk’s Mazzini is outstanding because the author convincingly explains how Young Europe activists contributed to the revolutionary activities after 1815, thereby preparing the Spring of Nations of 1848." -- Josette Baer, University of Zurich UZH * Slavic Review *"Based on documentary materials – which, along with correspondence and memoirs, also includes interrogations and court records – Anna Procyk sheds light on the leading figures of conspiratorial networks active on Galician soil, on both the Austrian and Russian side. She highlights the importance of women in the spread of revolutionary literature; these women came often from the ranks of the nobility and were particularly active in Polish conspiratorial networks." -- Marta Verginella * The American Historical Review *Table of ContentsIllustrations Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Young Europe as an Idea: The Impact of Exile on the Revolutionary Thought of Giuseppe Mazzini 2. The Risorgimento and the Great Polish Emigration: A Pact Sealed in Heaven or a Marriage of Convenience? 3. Reception of Mazzini’s Ideas in East Central Europe 4. East Galicia: The Testing Ground of Young Europe’s Ideals 5. Young Poland’s Revolutionary Underground in Russian-Ruled Lands 6. Sprouts of Young Europe in Ukraine: The Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood 7. Young Europe: The Ideological Roots of "The Spring of Nations" in the Slavic World Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAlthough we often think of friendship today as an indisputable value of human social life, for thinkers and writers across late medieval Christian society friendship raised a number of social and ethical dilemmas that needed to be carefully negotiated. On Amistà analyses these dilemmas and looks at how Dante’s strategic articulations of friendship evolved across the phases of his literary career as he manoeuvred between different social groups and settings.Elizabeth Coggeshall reveals that friendship was not an unequivocal moral good for the writers of late medieval Italy. Instead, it was an ambiguous term to be deployed strategically, describing a wide range of social relationships such as allies, collaborators, servants, patrons, rivals, and enemies. Drawing on the use of the language of friendship in the letters, correspondence poems, dedications, narratives, and treatises composed by Dante and his interlocutors, Coggeshall examines the way they skillfully neTable of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction: The Dilemmas of Friendship in Dante’s Italy Friendship’s Many Faces A Sociological Approach: The Fields and Practices of Friendship 1. Exclusivity: The Piazza Friendship as Civic Medicine Creating Networks The Ship of Friendship Friendship’s Secret Chambers Epilogue 2. Self-Interest: The University Language and Amicabilitas The Ciceronian Turn Amicita as Disinterested Collaboration Amicitia as Self-Interested Sponsorship Abandoning Amicitia 3. Hierarchy: The Court Friendship in the Patronage Economy Negotiating Inequality The Game of Honour Managing Reciprocity The Gratuitous Gift 4. Difference: The Afterlife Inferno: Against the Other Purgatorio: Beside the Other Paradiso: Beyond the Other The Eclipse of Friendship Epilogue: Friendship’s Afterlife in Early Humanism Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisExamining how German women physicians gained a foothold in the medical profession during the Weimar and Nazi periods, Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany reveals the continuity in rhetoric, strategy, and tactics of female doctors who worked under both regimes. Melissa Kravetz explains how and why women occupied particular fields within the medical profession, how they presented themselves in their professional writing, and how they reconciled their medical perspectives with their views of the Weimar and later the Nazi state. Focusing primarily on those women who were members of the Bund Deutscher Ärztinnen (League of German Female Physicians or BDÄ), this study shows that female physicians used maternalist and, to a lesser extent, eugenic arguments to make a case for their presence in particular medical spaces. They emphasized gender difference to claim that they were better suited than male practitioners to care for women and children in a range of new medical spTrade Review“Kravetz’s book marks a very significant, fresh intervention into scholarly debates over continuity and realignment in public health discourse from Weimar to National Socialism and over women’s complicity in the Nazi dictatorship, respectively. It is highly relevant to the comparative study of feminism, medicine, and the welfare state, and it deserves a wide readership. Kravetz’s clear and engaging style and her thoughtful presentation of intriguing archival materials make the book eminently suitable for the purposes of undergraduate and graduate instruction.” -- Julia Roos, Indiana University Bloomington * American Historical Review *"Apart from bringing to light the history of women doctors in Germany in this period through the vivid portrayal of a number of key individuals, the book’s main strength is Kravetz’s exhaustive use of archival sources, making German-language material accessible for English-speaking readers. This book will be of interest to those working at the university level in the history of medicine, and especially in connection with women physicians and their role in the field of public health, as well as in the history of gender, women, the family and education in early twentieth century Germany." -- C. Elizabeth Koester, University of Toronto * Scientia Canadensis *"Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany is an original and thoughtful study that analyses the experience of women doctors to ask fundamental questions about the opportunities and limits of women’s careers and agency in two very different political systems. In doing so, she looks at the ways in which the activities of women doctors both were shaped by and transformed important aspects of German biopolitics, which Kravetz understands as the processes of controlling both individual bodies and the collective body for the purposes of the state." -- Michael Hau, Monash University * Review in German History *"Inspires the reader to consider what these women were willing to compromise in order to continue doing what they loved, felt called to do, and thought necessary for their patients and themselves. This volume deserves to be widely read and cited; it could be assigned to both upper-level undergraduate and graduate students." -- Kristen Ann Ehrenberger, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center * Central European History *“Although women came late to the study of medicine in Germany in the early twentieth century, there followed a massive influx of women into the medical profession in the inter-war period. Melissa Kravetz considers this wider process by focusing on women in paediatrics and infant welfare, one of the specialisms which was more open to women.” -- Paul Weindling * English Historical Review *“Kravetz has created a well-researched narrative of female medical practitioners in Weimar and Nazi Germany, which is sure to spark more interest in the gendered experience of National Socialism in medicine. This text provides vivid and rich examples of female physicians’ roles in Weimar and Nazi Germany, while also contributing to the broader debate about medicine from democracy to autocracy. It is sure to inspire more historians to weigh in on this issue, on both sides of the change and continuity debate.” -- Samantha L. Clarke * Canadian Bulletin of Medical History *“Tracing an important story of middle-class women’s agency, Women Doctors in Weimar and Nazi Germany serves to further complicate our historical narratives about gender, class, and the relationships between public health and eugenics.” -- Joanne Woiak * Canadian Journal of History *Table of ContentsIllustrations Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1. Promoting Marriage, Motherhood, Eugenics, and Comprehensive Healthcare in Marriage Counselling Centres 2. Preparing Girls for Motherhood: School Doctors, Youth Welfare, and the Reform of Girls’ Physical Education 3. Fighting the Vices That Threatened Women and Children: Sex, Alcohol, and Disease 4. Building the Volksgemeinschaft and Supporting Racial Hygiene in the Bund Deutscher Mädel and Reichsmütterdienst 5. Advocating Healthy Infant Nutrition Practices through Breast Milk Collection: Maternal Guardians on the Home Front Conclusions Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisEpidemics and the Modern World explores the relationships between epidemics and key themes in modern history. Our institutions, colonial structures, relationships to animals, and perceptions of suffering, sexuality, race, and disability have all shaped – and been shaped by – these significant medical events.This book uses "biographies" of epidemics such as plague, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS to explore the impact of disease on the development of modern societies from the fourteenth century to the present. Drawing on the most recent science of genetics, microbiology, and climatology, this text includes "Science Focus" boxes that discuss important scientific concepts and technologies. Structured workshop sections with engaging primary sources help readers develop skills of interpretation and gain knowledge of key historical events.Epidemics and the Modern World assumes no prior experience with the history of science or medicine and is accessiTrade Review"Epidemics and the Modern World is both an excellent reference for non-specialist scholars and an introduction to the modern history of medicine for advanced students and generalist audiences. Most helpfully, the author places medical terminology in bold and includes a glossary of terms at the end of the book, including primary sources for discussion throughout the text." -- Louie Dean Valencia-García * Europe Now April 2020 *"Mitchell Hammond’s excellent survey of a dozen deadly diseases is a must-read primer to make sense of epidemic history. In Epidemics and the Modern World, he balances the science of disease etiology and disease cycles with political, socio-economic, and cultural contexts. Read this book!" -- Michael G. Vann * New Books Network March 2021 *"The primary intended audience for this book is clearly the undergraduate student, but anyone looking for a single-volume synthesis on the history of infectious disease would find tremendous value in this book." -- Jim Harris, Ohio State University * Social History of Medicine *"This is an excellent publication that comes at exactly the right time and will have a great influence on how the inevitably increasing number of courses on this topic will be taught. I would thoroughly recommend this book to anyone teaching or studying for a course in this field and am myself planning to use it next term." -- Jakob Lehne, Medical University of Vienna * Canadian Bulletin of Medical History *"Epidemics and the Modern World is a masterful treatment of the complex relationship between humans and pathogens from a truly holistic perspective." -- Taylor P. van Doren, University of Missouri * World Medical & Health Policy *Table of ContentsImages Figures Maps Science Focus Boxes Workshops Acronyms Preface and acknowledgements Introduction 1. Bubonic Plague and the Modern State 2. Sex, Gender, and the Pox of Many Names 3. Smallpox and American Catastrophe 4. Yellow Fever, Race, and the Era of Revolution 5. Cholera in the Industrial City 6. Tuberculosis, Social Control, and Self-Control 7. Rinderpest, Imperialism, and Ecological Upheaval 8. Influenza 1918: One Pandemic, Many Experiences 9. Malaria and Modern Landscapes 10. Illness, Disability, and the Struggle for Inclusion 11. The Faces of HIV/AIDS Conclusion Bibliography

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Book SynopsisIn Ancient People of the Andes, Michael A. Malpass describes the prehistory of western South America from initial colonization to the Spanish Conquest. All the major cultures of this region, from the Moche to the Inkas, receive thoughtful treatment, from their emergence to their demise or evolution.Trade ReviewThe goal of discussing the ancient societies o the Central Andes or South America through theoretical debates is fulfilled... by Malpass.... Offers ample opportunities for students to navigate various interpretive possibilitiesafforded by the archaeological record, and it can be a very useful educationaltool in that sense. * Latin American antiquity *Table of Contents1 Learning about the Past 2 Geography of the Central and South Andes 3 The Time Before Temples: The Early and Middle Preceramic Periods 4 Settling Down and Settling In: The Late Preceramic Period 5 Societal Growth and Differentiation: The Initial Period 6 Of Masks and Monoliths: The Early Horizon 7 Art and Power: The Early Intermediate Period 8 Clash of the Titans? Tiwanaku, Wari, and the Middle Horizon 9 Auca Runa, the Epoch of Warfare: The Late Intermediate Period 10 Expansion and Empire: The Inkas and the Late Horizon

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Book SynopsisThis important book [...] is a helpful guide to thinking with things and teaching with things. Each entry challenges the reader to approach objects as historical actors that can speak to the changes and continuities of life in the late antique and early medieval world.? Early Medieval EuropeLavishly illustrated and engagingly written, Fifty Early Medieval Things demonstrates how to read objects in ways that make the distant past understandable and approachable.Fifty Early Medieval Things introduces readers to the material culture of late antique and early medieval Europe, north Africa, and western Asia. Ranging from Iran to Ireland and from Sweden to Tunisia, Deborah Deliyannis, Hendrik Dey, and Paolo Squatriti present fifty objects—artifacts, structures, and archaeological features—created between the fourth and eleventh centuries, an ostensibly Dark Age whose cTrade ReviewThe authors of Fifty Early Medieval Things have gathered an energizing set of artifacts and sites to champion a close and active interrelationship between people and things in our understanding and teaching of early medieval history... The diverse group of examples characterized in brief essays is, largely, very well considered as the basis for a contemporary introduction to the early Middle Ages. The set is constructed to create flow and counterpoint among examples of widely varying media, functions, production contexts, and techniques. * SPECULUM *This important book [...] is a helpful guide to thinking with things and teaching with things. Each entry challenges the reader to approach objects as historical actors that can speak to the changes and continuities of life in the late antique and early medieval world. * EARLY MEDIEVAL EUROPE *

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Book SynopsisThis vivid evocation of an ancient civilization is both enlivened and deepened by the author's sympathetic understanding of customs, rituals and myths which to modern eyes may seem both strange and terrible. It will be widely welcomed by scholars and students of South American archaeology and history, by all those curious to know more about a civilization that for thirteen centuries was largely forgotten.Trade Review" It is doubly welcome because Garth Bawden, himself a Moche specialist, has done a masterful job of condensing and interpreting the great number of scholarly publications on the Moche into a book which will serve the interested public, students at various levels of study, and specialists alike." Jeffrey Quilter, Pre-Columbian Studies, Dumbarton OaksTable of ContentsPreface. Part I: The Moche World:. 1. Introduction: Encountering the Moche. 2. The Andean Natural World as Culture. 3. Life and Work in Moche Society. 4. Symbols of Power. 5. Rituals of Power. Part II: History of the Moche:. 6. The Moche Historical Tradition. 7. The Emergence of Moche Society. 8. Moche Florescent. 9. Collapse and Reconstitution in the Late Moche Period. 10. End and Beginning: The Passing of the Moche Era. 11. Postscript: The Moche Legacy. Bibliography. Figure Captions.

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Book SynopsisFeaturing essays collected on Early Bronze age, Philistine and Sea Studies, this 2 volume set includes Biblical and Epigraphic studies, and Post Iron Age studies.

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Book SynopsisExcavations at Beth-Shemesh are actually a story within a story. On the one hand, they are the story of the archaeology of the Land of Israel in a nutshell: from the pioneering days of the Palestine Exploration Fund, through the Golden Age of American biblical archaeology, to current Israeli and international archaeology. On the other hand, they are the fascinating story of a border site that was constantly changing its face due to its geopolitical location in the Sorek Valley in the Shephelah-a juncture of Canaanite, Philistine, and Israelite entities and cultures. It is no wonder that two celebrated biblical border epics-Samson's encounters with the Philistines and the Ark narrative-took real or imagined place around Beth-Shemesh. In this report, summarizing the first ten years (1990-2000) of archaeological work in the ongoing project of the renewed excavations at Tel Beth-Shemesh, the authors have strived to tell anew the story of the Iron Age people of Beth-Shemesh as exposed an

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Book SynopsisThe emergence of ancient urbanism has long held the interest of archaeologists attempting to understand the origins of inequality and its links to early urban life. This volume presents the results of archeological research at the Early Bronze Age sites of Numayra and Ras an-Numayra, conducted to investigate the rise of Early Bronze Age urban society, with a distinctive focus on links between environmental and social systems.The Dead Sea Plain excavations at Numayra and Ras an-Numayra uncovered extraordinarily well-preserved architecture, artifacts, and faunal and paleoethnobotanical remains that offer exciting and profound insights that enhance our understanding of life in these walled settlements. Under the codirection of R. Thomas Schaub and Walter E. Rast, the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain team designed their research with an explicitly anthropological focus, based on the New Archaeology’s principles for archaeological knowledge production. Their excavations at these sites in the mid-1970s and early 1980s heralded the now-common approach combining archaeology, paleoethnobotany, palynology, bioarchaeology, zooarchaeology, geology, and ethnoarchaeology into the research project, with a multidisciplinary team in the field to systematize collection and sampling procedures.These excavations at Numayra and Ras an-Numayra represent a watershed moment in the history of archaeological research in the southern Levant, setting new standards for scientific methods and a multidisciplinary approach to investigating the past.Trade Review“This volume is replete with richly detailed, meticulously presented data on an early third-millennium BC town in southern Jordan. Scholars of early urbanism in the Levant will find in this volume a highly valuable trove of information and ideas on architecture, the agricultural economy, daily life, and social organization.”—Glenn M. Schwartz,Whiting Professor of Archaeology, Johns Hopkins University“Chesson, Schaub, and Rast’s Numayra is an exemplary publication of a classic excavation. It should serve as a reference point for any understanding of how people lived, worked, and flourished in the small fortified settlements of the Early Bronze Age Levant.”—Raphael Greenberg,Tel Aviv UniversityTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsList of TablesPrefaceMeredith S. ChessonSupporters of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan1. Introduction: The 1977–1983 Excavations at Numayra and Ras an- NumayraMeredith S. Chesson2. Geology and GeomorphologyJack Donahue3. Central Area ExcavationsMeredith S. Chesson4. Town Walls and Gate Systems: East Town Area Excavations (Phases 1A–2B) and West Gate Area Excavations (Phases 1A–2B)R. Thomas Schaub and Meredith S. Chesson5. Pottery Typology at NumayraR. Thomas Schaub6. Excavations at Ras an- NumayraMeredith S. Chesson, R. Thomas Schaub, Gillian Bentley, and Michael Coogan7. Storage in Numayra in Phases 1A–2CMeredith S. Chesson and Nathan Goodale8. Crop Storage, Processing, and Cooking Practices at Numayra: The Plant RemainsChantel E. White, David McCreery, and Fabian Toro9. Chipped Stone Tools from Numayra and Ras an- NumayraMark A. McConaughy10. Basketry, Cordage, Plant Fibers, and Weaving Tools from NumayraJ. M. Adovasio, J. S. Illingworth, T. Miller- Sporrer, M. L. Greek, and S. L. Dost Kerchusky11. Seal Impressions and Sherds with Markings from NumayraNancy Lapp12. Ornaments Excavated at Numayra, JordanN. H. Broeder and H. C. W. SkinnerBibliographyAppendixesAppendix A. Master Locus Lists for Numayra’s Central, East Tower, and West Gate Areas and Ras an- NumayraMeredith S. Chesson, R. Thomas Schaub, and Walter E. RastAppendix B. Pottery PlatesMeredith S. Chesson, R. Thomas Schaub, and Walter E. RastAppendix C. Illustrated ProfilesMeredith S. ChessonAppendix D. Registered ObjectsMeredith S. Chesson, R. Thomas Schaub, and Walter E. Rast

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Book SynopsisThis is the first account of the Lapita peoples, the common ancestor of the Polynesians, Micronesians, and Austronesian-speaking Melanesians who over the last 4000 years colonized the islands of the Pacific, including New Zealand and territories as far afield as Fiji and Hawaii. Its purpose is to provide answers to some of the most puzzling archaeological and anthropological questions: who were the Lapita peoples? what was their history? how were they able to travel such great distances? and why did they do so? Recent discoveries (several by the author of this book) have begun at last to yield a coherent picture of these elusive peoples. Professor Kirch takes the reader back many thousands of years to the earliest evidence of the Lapita peoples. He describes the research itself and conveys the excitement of the first discoveries of Lapita settlements, tools and pottery. He then traces the remarkable cultural development and spread of the Lapita peoples across the unoccupied islands of Eastern Melanesia, Micronesia and Western Polynesia. He shows how they became the progenitors of the Polynesian and Austronesian-speaking Melanesian peoples. The author describes Lapita sites, communities and landscapes, the development of their decorated ceramics, and their shell-tool industry. He reveals the means by which they accomplished such prodigious voyages and explains why they undertook them. He illustrates his account with specially drawn maps and with a wide range of photographs, many published for the first time. Drawing on the latest research in archaeology, anthropology, biology and linguistics, and written in clear, non-specialized language, this is an outstanding book of great importance to the history of South-East Asia and the Pacific.Trade Review"This book marvellously conveys the excitement of an entire generation of the Lapita research but at the same time presents a comprehensive account of what this research has revealed about the " community culture" associated with the Lapita ... an excellent and informative read. (Asian Studies Association of Australia)Table of ContentsPlates. Figures. Maps. Tables. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction. 2. Old Melanesia. 3. The Lapita Dispersal. 4. Lapita in Linguistics and Biological Perspective. 5. Lapita Pottery and the "Community of Culture". 6. Between Land and Sea: Houses, Settlements, and Society. 7. Lapita Economy and the Ecology of Islands. 8. Systems of Exchange. 9. Epilogue: The Lapita Legacy. Appendix: Gazetteer of Major Lapital Sites. Notes. References. Index.

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Book SynopsisIn Near Eastern studies, it has come to be accepted by many as fact that predynastic trade routes connected Egypt and Mesopotamia. The case for such trade routes, however, has until recently largely been based upon the two regions' shared influences rather than on archaeological evidence. In ""From Egypt to Mesopotamia"", Samuel Mark ferrets out the two possible trade routes between these two vastly different cultures. Ancient shipwreck sites and recently discovered artifacts allow Mark to delineate avenues of trade between Egypt and Mesopotamia. Taking to task previous studies that describe the Egypt-Mesopotamia trade connection as being one between two homogeneous cultures, Mark focuses on the variety of cultural differences, rather than their shared similarities, to map the infusion of these cultures. Scholars, students, and nautical archeology and Egyptology enthusiasts will appreciate this probing, fascinating trek through sea, sand, and time, unfolding the development of trade routes in the East.

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Book SynopsisMetaphysical conceptions have always influenced how human societies create the built environment. Mexico - with its rich culture, full of symbol and myth, its beautiful cities, and its evocative ruins - is an excellent place to study the interplay of influences on space and place. In this volume, the authors consider the ideas and views that give the constructed spaces and buildings of Mexico - especially, of Queretaro - their particular ambience. They explore the ways the built world helps people find meaning and establish order for their earthly existence by mirroring their metaphysical assumptions, and they guide readers through time to see how the transformation of worldviews affects the urban evolution of a Mexican city. The authors, then, construct a ""metaphysical archeology"" of space and place in the built landscape of Mexico. In the process, they identify the intangible, spiritual aspects of this land. Not only scholars of architecture, but also archeologists and anthropologists - particularly those interested in Mexican backgrounds and culture - will appreciate the authors' approach and conclusions.

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewThe Pozorskis' commendable volume on the Casma is the first published overview of all the major early monuments available to an English-speaking audience. As such it is a critical resource for addressing the origins of New World social complexity, for teaching South American archaeology, and for Andean specialists. - American Antiquity

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Book SynopsisIn this important and timely publication, top international scholars present current research and developments about the art, archaeology, and history of the ancient city of Palmyra, a UNESCO World Heritage site located in Syria. Palmyra became tragic headline news in 2015, when it was overtaken by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS), which destroyed many of its monuments and artifacts. The essays in this book include new scholarship on Palmyra’s origins and evolution as well as developments from both before and after its damage by ISIS, providing new information that will be relevant to current and future generations of art historians and archaeologists. The book also includes a moving tribute by Waleed Khaled al-Asa’ad to his father, Khaled al-Asa’ad, the Syrian archaeologist and head of antiquities at Palmyra, who was brutally murdered by ISIS in 2015 for defending the site. Published by The Metropolitan Museum of Art/Distributed by Yale University Press

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Book SynopsisThe Porticello Shipwreck provides unique information on seafaring technologies and trade practices at the turn of the fifth century B.C.This volume is the final report of the excavation, including detailed analyses of the ship and its contents and a thorough catalog of artifacts associated with the shipwreck. The Porticello wreck documents for the Classical period aspects of anchor, sail, and hull construction. The cargo provides the earliest evidence for maritime trade in ink and the export of Athenian lead to the Mediterranean, and the cargo of amphoras is the largest assemblage of Greek and Punic amphoras from a shipwreck site.Of particular importance are the fragments of bronze Greek sculpture of the Classical period, which include a strikingly realistic bearded head. These pieces strongly suggest that techniques of Classical Greek bronze casting were much more varied and complex than art historians previously has though possible.The information in this book will be of great value to students of Classical Greek archaeology, sculpture, and economics as well as those interested in ancient maritime history.

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Book SynopsisIn 2008, the Berlin Antikensammlung initiated a project with the J. Paul Getty Museum to conserve a group of ancient funerary vases from southern Italy. Monumental in scale and richly decorated, these magnificent vessels were discovered in hundreds of fragments in the early nineteenth century at Ceglie, near Bari. Acquired by a Bohemian diplomat, they were reconstructed in the Neapolitan workshop of Raffaele Gargiulo, who was considered one of the leading restorers of antiquities in Europe. His methods exemplify what was referred to as "une perfection dangereuse," an approach to reassembly and repainting that made it difficult to distinguish what was ancient and what was modern. Bringing together archival documentation and technical analyses, this volume provides a comprehensive study of the vases and their treatment from the nineteenth century up to today. In addition to lavish illustrations, two in-depth essays on the history of the vases and on Gargiulo's work, as well as detailed conservation notes for each object, this publication also features the first English translation of Gargiulo's original text on his understanding as to how ancient Greek vases were manufactured. This is the companion volume to an exhibition on view at the Getty Villa, from November 19, 2014, to May 11, 2015, and then at the Antikensammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin from June 17, 2015, to June 18, 2017.Trade Review"In summary, this superb study provides the first full account of the red-figure Apulian vessels in Koller's collection in more than a century. It will prove of great interest to scholars and students of Apulian vase painting, restoration practices, and art history. Lavishly illustrated with high-quality photographs and archival drawings, this book is, undoubtedly, an important contribution for future research and conservation projects."--Bryn Mawr Classical Review "Sumptuous . . . highly recommended."--Choice

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Book SynopsisEastern North America has one of the largest inventories of Paleoindian sites anywhere in the Americas. Despite this rich record of early human settlement during the late Pleistocene, there are few widely published reports or summaries of Paleoindian research in the region. The contributors to this volume present more than four decades of Early Paleoindian research in eastern North America, including previously unpublished site reports and updates on recent research. Their work helps create a more cohesive picture of the early human occupation of North America. This data-rich volume provides specific information on artifacts and basic site descriptions which will allow for more thorough comparisons of eastern fluted point sites. Divided into four sections— chronology and environment, reinvestigations of classic sites, new sites and perspectives, and synthesis and conclusions— the volume will encourage further consideration of the sites included and their role in shaping our understanding of huntergatherer lifeways during the late Pleistocene. In the Eastern Fluted Point Tradition is a must read for scholars of Paleoindian archaeology and those generally interested in the prehistory of North America.Trade Review“Over 40 years in the making, this hefty volume provides an invaluable compilation of data and interpretations. Older classic sites as well as more recent discoveries are brought together in a useful contemporary synthesis which brings eastern Paleoindian research into mainstream North American studies.”—Albert C. Goodyear, Institute of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of South Carolina “This book would have very little competition from existing works and be much in demand amongst the large potential readership that works in this field.”—Christopher J. Ellis, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada “This book significantly advances our understanding of human populations in the eastern North America during the late Pleistocene. Collectively, the site studies and synthetic chapters provide new insights on eastern Paleoindian adaptations to the changing environments these people encountered at the end of Ice Age. Such research offers a timely human perspective from the past as we contemplate abrupt climate change today.”—Jonathan Lothrop, Curator of Archaeology, New York State Museum “Provides a valuable compendium of Paleoindian sites and data, including several previously unreported or under-reported sites. This volume will serve as an important reference and data source, not just for Paleoindian researchers, but also for archaeologists with broader interests in North American prehistory.”—Canadian Journal of ArchaeologyTable of ContentsList of FiguresList of TablesPrefaceIntroduction - Joseph A. M. GingerichPart I. Paleoindian Chronology and Paleoenvironmental Considerations1. Paleoindian Chronology and the Eastern Fluted Point Tradition - D. Shane Miller and Joseph A. M. Gingerich2. Paleoindian Environment and Subsistence Paradigm Case from New England to Virginia and Ohio. - Lucinda J. McWeeney3. Reconstructing the Pleistocene Environment of the Greater Southeast - Jessi J. HalliganPart II. Reinvestigations of Classic Sites4. A Report on the 2008 Field Investigations at the Shoop Site (36da20) - Kurt W. Carr, J. M. Adovasio, and Frank J. Vento5. Spatial Organization at Bull Brook - Brian S. Robinson and Jennifer C. Ort6. Fifty Years of Discovery at Plenge: Rethinking the Importance of New JerseyÍs Largest Paleoindian Site - Joseph A. M. Gingerich7. The Wells Creek Site: Results of a Reanalysis - Jesse Tune8. The Flint Run Complex: A Quarry Related Paleoindian Complex in the Great Valley of Northern Virginia - Kurt Carr, R. Michael Stewart, Dennis Stanford, and Michael Frank9. Revisiting Shawnee-Minisink - Joseph A. M. GingerichPart III. New Sites and Perspectives10. Paleoindian Toolstone Provisioning and Settlement Organization at the Higgins Site, 18AN489 - John C. Blong11. Topper Site, South Carolina: An Overview of the Clovis Lithic Assemblage from the Topper Hillside - Ashley Smallwood, D. Shane Miller, and Doug Sain12. TennesseeÍs Paleoindian Record: The Cumberland and Lower Tennessee River Watersheds - John R. Broster, Mark Norton, D. Shane Miller, Jesse W. Tune, Jon D. Baker13. Endscrapers, Use-wear and Early Paleoindians in Eastern North America - Thomas LoebelPart IV. Observations on the Early Paleoindian Settlement of Eastern North America14. The Search for Pre-Clovis in Eastern North America: A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence - Stuart Fiedel15. The Weight and Meaning of Eastern Paleoindian Research - Gary Haynes16. Paleoindian Archaeology in Eastern North America: Current Approaches and Future Directions - David G. AndersonList of ContributorsIndex

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Book SynopsisIn the 1800s, when California was captivated by gold fever, a small group of Chinese immigrants recognized the fortune to be made from the untapped resources along the Pacific coast, particularly from harvesting the black abalone of southern and Baja California. These immigrants, with skills from humble beginnings in a traditional Chinese fishing province, founded California’s commercial abalone industry and led its growth and expansion for several decades.Today, the physical evidence of historical Chinese abalone fishing on the mainland has been erased by development. On California’s Channel Islands, however, remnants of temporary abalone collecting and processing camps lie scattered along the coastlines. These sites hold a treasure trove of information, stories, lifeways, and history. Todd Braje uses them to explore the history of Chinese abalone fishing, presenting a microcosm of the broader history of Chinese immigrants in America.Trade Review“Although other authors have documented aspects of the rise and fall of commercial abalone fishing, to my knowledge none has the particular focus of Braje’s book: the social context of the industry and links to a deeper history. The book will have a significant impact in the fields of conservation of marine resources and marine habitat restoration.” —Michael A. Glassow, Professor Emeritus and Research Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara “A new and unique contribution to historical archaeology, the historical archaeologies of Chinese immigrants in the Americas, zooarchaeology, environmental archaeology, historical ecology, and western history. An innovative piece of work.” —Mark Warner, professor of anthropology and department chair, University of Idaho “This is archaeology with a purpose, committed not only to documenting the decline of an ecosystem, but also contributing to its restoration and to communicating this mission with wider academic and public audiences. This is a call to arms, addressing historical wrongs and mapping a sustainable future; it is fascinating, highly readable and recommended.” —Antiquity “An informative and enjoyable read for public and scientific audiences alike. Based on his research focused on the nineteenth-century commercial Chinese abalone fishing industry in California, Braje convincingly makes the argument that the deep time perspective historical ecology can provide should be embraced by marine ecologists, fisheries biologists, resource managers, and policy makers to help address modern ecological issues. … [The book] sends a powerful message about the immediate need for an interdisciplinary approach to our world’s most pressing ecological challenges.”—California Archaeology

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Book SynopsisWhat is the social value of archaeological research to present-day society? Michael Schiffer answers this question with forty-three case studies from a global perspective to demonstrate archaeology’s diverse scientific and humanistic contributions. Drawing on nearly five decades of research, he delivers fascinating yet nontechnical discussions that provide a deeper understanding of what archaeologists do and why they do it.From reconstructing human evolution and behavior in prehistoric times to providing evidence that complements recorded history or debunks common legends, archaeologists help us understand our human past. They have also played crucial roles in developing techniques essential for the investigation of climate change along with tools for environmental reconstruction. Working for cities, tribes, and federal agencies, archaeologists manage cultural resources and testify in court. In forensic contexts, archaeological expertise enables the gathering of critical evidence.With engaging and lively prose, Archaeology’s Footprints brings to life a full panorama of contributions that have had an impact on modern society.

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Book SynopsisPrehistoric Games of North American Indians is a collection of studies on the ancient games of indigenous peoples of North America. The authors, all archaeologists, muster evidence from artifacts, archaeological features, ethnography, ethnohistory, and to a lesser extent linguistics and folklore. Chapters sometimes center on a particular game(chunkey rolling disc game or patolli dice game, for example) or sometimes on a specific prehistoric society and its games (Aztec acrobatic games, games of the ancient Fremont people), and in one instance on the relationship between slavery and gaming inancient indigenous North American societies.In addition to the intrinsic value of pursuing the time depth of these games, some of which remain popular and culturally important today among Native Americans or within the broader society, the book is important for demonstrating a wide variety of research methods and for problematizing a heretofore overlooked research topic. Issues that emerge include the apparently ubiquitous but difficult to detect presence of gambling, the entanglement ofindigenous games and the social logic of the societies in which they are embedded, the characteristics of women’s versus men’s games or those of in-group and out-group gaming, and the close correspondence between gaming and religion. The book’s coverage is broad and balanced in terms of geography, level of socio-cultural organization and gender.Trade Review“This is not a trivial subject. The book is focused on an important and often neglected aspect of human culture. It will stand out for its seriousness and its readability.” —Dean R. Snow, professor emeritus of anthropology, Penn State University “Games are, and were, very important in human societies. Even though understanding them in prehistoric North America is a daunting task, it is an important one that the authors of this volume are seeking to achieve.” —American Archaeology “The archaeological data throughout the work are very detailed…. this book should provide readers with a great deal of information about the differences and similarities of the aboriginal peoples of Native America through their games and their commonalities with contemporary societies.” —American Journal of Play “An enhanced understanding of the dynamics of prehistoric games will inform broader anthropological and archaeological questions about status, division of labor, economy, and community in prehistory. Prehistoric Games of North American Indians makes a significant advance in this direction, and is sure to have great influence on future archaeological interpretations of prehistoric games in North America and elsewhere in the ancient world.” —Journal of California and Great Basin Archaeology “Contributors to this volume capably weave archaeological, historical, and anthropological insights into convincing arguments that interpret the importance of games throughout the Americas. Archaeologists and others interested in these aspects of daily and ritual life have much to learn from this book.” —American Antiquity “A remarkable book: I’d wager that once you open it, you’ll want to have it in your collection.” —Western Folklore

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Book SynopsisIn western culture, rock art has traditionally been viewed as ""primitive"" and properly belonging in the purview of anthropologists rather than art scholars and critics. This volume, featuring previously unpublished photographs of Utah's magnificent rock art by long-time rock art researcher Layne Miller and essays by former Utah state archaeologist Kevin Jones, views rock art through a different lens.Miller's photographs include many rare and relatively unknown panels and represent a lifetime of work by someone intimately familiar with the Colorado Plateau. The photos highlight the astonishing variety of rock art as well as the variability within traditions and time periods. Jones's essays furnish general information about previous Colorado Plateau cultures and shine a light on rock art as art. The book emphasizes the exqui­site artistry of these ancient works and their capacity to reach through the ages to envelop and inspire viewers.

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Book SynopsisNorth America's Galapagos: The Historic Channel Islands Biological Survey recounts the story of a group of researchers, naturalists, adventurers, cooks, immigrants, and scientifically curious teenagers who came together in the late 1930s to embark upon a Series of ambitious expeditions never before, or since, attempted. Their mission: to piece together the broken shards of the Channel Islands' history and evolution. California's eight Channel Islands, sometimes called 'North America's Galapagos' each support unique ecosystems with varied flora and fauna and differing human histories. The thirty-three men and women who set out to explore the islands hoped to make numerous discoveries that would go down in history along with their Names. More than eighty years ago, a lack of funds and dearth of qualified personnel dogged the pre-WWII expeditions, but it was only after America entered the war and the researchers were stranded on one of the islands that the survey was aborted, their work left for future scientists to complete. This untold saga of adventure, discovery, and goals abandoned is juxtaposed against the fresh successes of a new generation of Channel Island scholars. Engagingly written, North America's Galapagos illuminates the scientific process and reveals remarkable modern discoveries that are rewriting archaeological textbooks and unraveling the answer to the age-old question: how and when were the Americas populated? Anyone interested in the work conducted behind closed museum doors will want to read this book, so will history buffs, environmentalists, scientists, and general readers curious about our world.Trade Review“A timely, well written, and outstanding book that is sure to be of interest to archaeologists, biologists, museum professionals, and the general public. Both engaging and readable, Laverty explores an important museum collecting expedition and challenges us to think about the importance of museum collections to science and society.”- Torben C. Rick, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History“Conveys an interesting story not only about the history of the Natural History Museum and the Channel Islands Biological Survey, but also on the development of the scientific process from early exploration through today. Many of the scientists featured here loom large in their disciplines and this book brings these people to the attention of the general reader.” — Amy Gusick, curator of anthropology, Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County

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Book SynopsisThe French fur trade post of Fort Ouiatenon was founded more than 300 years ago on the Wabash River in what is now Tippecanoe County, Indiana. The History and Archaeology of Fort Ouiatenon is a multidisciplinary exploration of the fort, from its founding in 1717, through its historical significance over the years, and up to its present-day use. Covering a variety of historical, archaeological, Indigenous, and living history perspectives on Fort Ouiatenon, as well as the fur trade and New France, this collection is the first volume dedicated to this important site. The volume is written with a wide audience in mind, ranging from academics to historical reenactors, Indigenous communities, and those interested in local history.

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Book SynopsisThough scholarship on intoxicants in regions like Asia, Africa, Mesoamerica, and South America is plentiful, Native Intoxicants of North America represents the first foray into a study of prehistoric intoxicants throughout North America specifically. In this study, Sean Rafferty fills significant gaps in existing research with a focus on native cultures of North America and holistic coverage of intoxicants by type. Importantly, Rafferty anchors his investigation in an easily overlooked question: why did early humans use intoxicants in the first place?Rafferty begins by discussing the origins of intoxicants and their role in rituals, medicine, and recreation. Subsequent chapters turn to specific intoxicants-hallucinogens, stimulants, alcohol, and tobacco-making ample use of illustrations across disciplines, weaving a tapestry of culture, ritual, medicine, botany, artifact, and history. All the while, Rafferty explores the societal significance of narcotics, stimulants, and hallucinogens on prehistoric North American cultures.While Native Intoxicants of North America focuses specifically on Native cultures, the author's analysis provides the foundation for a valuable broader discussion: that in a world where few human behaviors are universal, experiencing altered states of consciousness is one that transcends culture and time.

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Book SynopsisIn A Dark Pathway: Precontact Native American Mud Glyphs from 1st Unnamed Cave, Tennessee, Jan Simek and his colleagues present two decades of research at a precontact dark zone cave art site in East Tennessee. Discovered in 1994, 1st Unnamed Cave ushered in an extensive and systematic effort to research precontact cave art sites in the Eastern Woodlands, where the tradition of cave art production was widespread among ancient peoples. Indeed, when a preliminary report about 1st Unnamed Cave was first published in 1997, there were only seven known cave art sites across the Southeast; today, that number exceeds ninety.From the tale of the cave’s discovery in chapter 1 to descriptions of its art in later chapters, A Dark Pathway boasts nearly one hundred maps, high-resolution photographs, and illustrations that bring the story of one of North America’s premier cave art sites to life. Importantly, Simek and his colleagues also orient 1st Unnamed Cave within the broader context of cave art sites across the Southeast, elevating them as a whole to the notable prominence they deserve. Yet his analysis does more than present and situate the discovery of 1st Unnamed Cave within the greater realm of regional cave art site studies; it also calls for the protection and preservation of these fragile sites and for the acknowledgment of the still-vibrant indigenous cultures that produced them.With a foreword by Russell Townsend, tribal historic preservation officer for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, A Dark Pathway is a long-awaited volume more than twenty years in the making. Even as he delivers a comprehensive archaeological analysis, Simek’s clear presentation makes for accessible and thrilling reading not only for students of archaeology, anthropology, and Native American studies, but for interested readers as well.

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Book SynopsisAlmost from the day of its accidental discovery along the banks of the Columbia River in Washington State in July 1996, the ancient skeleton of Kennewick Man has garnered significant attention from scientific and Native American communities as well as public media outlets. This volume represents a collaboration among physical and forensic anthropologists, archaeologists, geologists, and geochemists, among others, and presents the results of the scientific study of this remarkable find. Scholars address a range of topics, from basic aspects of osteological analysis to advanced research focused on Kennewick Man’s origins and his relationships to other populations. Interdisciplinary studies, comprehensive data collection and preservation, and applications of technology are all critical to telling Kennewick Man’s story.Kennewick Man: The Scientific Investigation of an Ancient American Skeleton is written for a discerning professional audience, yet the absorbing story of the remains, their discovery, their curation history, and the extensive amount of detail that skilled scientists have been able to glean from them will appeal to interested and informed general readers. These bones lay silent for nearly nine thousand years, but now, with the aid of dedicated researchers, they can speak about the life of one of the earliest human occupants of North America.

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Book SynopsisWhen Harold F. Pape moved to Gregory, Texas, in 1927, he quickly became fascinated by the wealth of Native American artifacts along the nearby shoreline of Corpus Christi Bay and what is now called Port Bay, a southern arm of the larger Copano Bay.A lifelong natural history enthusiast and collector, Pape met and married Lucile H. Tunnell, a widow with three young sons. Before long, John W. Tunnell, Lucile's oldest son, was accompanying Pape on his field studies in surrounding areas and the wider Texas Coastal Bend. Working in the days before much of the development that now covers the region, Pape and Tunnell studied more than two hundred sites throughout the Coastal Bend, making meticulous logs, maps, and notes of their discoveries.John W. (Wes) Tunnell Jr. and Jace Tunnell have organized and documented their family collection and present it, along with brief biographies of the two collectors, as a survey of the state of knowledge in the late 1920s and 1930s, as well as a tribute to these two important early researchers and their body of work.

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Book SynopsisThirteen millennia ago, in a small creek valley in western South Dakota, two mammoths perished. The mammoths, an adult and a juvenile, likely a cow and calf pair, died at the edge of an ancient pond.The Lange/Ferguson site is the earliest dated archaeological site in South Dakota and one of the few North American sites that provides evidence of a Clovis-period mammoth butchering event. In addition to the preserved remains of the two mammoths, the site yielded diagnostic Clovis weaponry—three Clovis projectile points recovered in context and stratigraphically associated with the mammoth bonebed—and flaked bone tools. The site offers a rare snapshot in time detailing early Paleoindian interactions with now-extinct megafauna nearly 13,000 years ago.In Clovis Mammoth Butchery: The Lange/Ferguson Site and Associated Bone Tool Technology, L. Adrien Hannus provides a comprehensive look at one of the few New World Clovis-era sites with in-place buried deposits exhibiting evidence for an expedient bone tool technology. Multidisciplinary investigations include paleoenvironmental and geochronological reconstructions—pollen and phytoliths, geology and geomorphology, diatoms and ostracodes, mollusks, and vertebrate paleontology—as well as taphonomic evaluations and a microwear analysis of the chipped stone tools.Clovis Mammoth Butchery offers readers a rare glimpse into a singular moment in prehistory that captures human interaction with extinct animals during a rapidly changing world for which there is no modern comparison. This book shares great insight into hunting and procurement strategies used by big game hunters during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene.

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Book SynopsisThe Judean community at Elephantine has long fascinated historians of the Persian period. This book, with its stellar assemblage of important scholarly voices, provides substantive new insights and approaches that will advance the study of this well-known but not entirely understood community from fifth-century BCE Egypt. Since Bezalel Porten’s pioneering Archives from Elephantine, published in 1968, the discourse on the subject of the community of Elephantine during the Persian period has changed considerably, due to new data from excavations, the discovery and publication of previously unknown texts, and original scholarly insights and avenues of inquiry. Running the gamut from archaeological to linguistic investigations and encompassing legal, literary, religious, and other aspects of life in this Judean community, this volume stands at a crossroads of research that extends from Hebrew Bible studies to the history of early Jewish communities. It also features fourteen new Aramaic ostraca from Aswan. The volume will appeal to students and scholars of the Hebrew Bible and ancient Judaism, as well as to a wider audience of Egyptologists, Semitists, and specialists in ancient Near Eastern studies. In addition to the editor, the contributors to this volume include Annalisa Azzoni, Bob Becking, Alejandro F. Botta, Lester L. Grabbe, Ingo Kottsieper, Reinhard G. Kratz, André Lemaire, Hélène Nutkowicz, Beatrice von Pilgrim, Cornelius von Pilgrim, Bezalel Porten, Ada Yardeni, and Ran Zadok. Moreover, a video recording of an interview conducted with Porten on his long career in Elephantine studies accompanies the book through a link on the Eisenbrauns website. Trade Review“[An] exciting collection of essays. . . . It is impossible to do justice to the wealth of insights presented. . . .”—Sandra Jacobs Society for Old Testament Study Booklist (JSOT)Table of ContentsList of Illustrations                                       Preface Margaretha FolmerList of Abbreviations                                       Chapter 1. On the Archaeological Background of the Aramaic Papyri from Elephantine in the Light of Recent Fieldwork Cornelius von PilgrimChapter 2. Family Life and Law at Elephantine Annalisa AzzoniChapter 3. Some Aspects of Family Bonds in the Judean Community of Elephantine Hélène NutkowiczChapter 4. Law in Elephantine: Crimes and MisdemeanorsAlejandro F. BottaChapter 5. The Ostraca of Elephantine: A Further Light on the Judeans in Elephantine André LemaireChapter 6. Elephantine and Ezra–Nehemiah Lester L. GrabbeChapter 7. Aḥiqar and Bisitun: The Literature of the Judeans at Elephantine Reinhard G. KratzChapter 8. On Aḥiqar and the Bible Ingo KottsieperChapter 9. The Identity of the People at Elephantine Bob BeckingChapter 10. The Contribution of Elephantine Aramaic to Aramaic Studies Margaretha FolmerChapter 11. Personal Names in New Aramaic Ostraca from SyeneBezalel Porten and André Lemaire, with contributions by Beatrice von Pilgrim and Ran Zadok and handcopies by Ada Yardeni ז״לList of ContributorsAncient Source IndexSubject Index

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Book SynopsisThe Temple Mount compound (known in Arabic as the Haram aš-Šarīf), situated on the east side of the Old City of urban Jerusalem, is a majestic and holy site that has been venerated by millions for more than two thousand years. The compound’s interior has been out of bounds to Western archaeologists for over a century, and modern researchers have therefore concentrated their efforts on the massive ancient stone walls that surround it.The third volume in the Ancient Jerusalem Publication series, The Southern Wall of the Temple Mount and Its Corners: Past, Present and Future concentrates on the southern retaining wall of the Herodian Temple Mount in Jerusalem, its two corners, and Robinson’s Arch on the southern edge of the Western Wall. It presents the final reports of three excavations carried out adjacent to the wall and one under Robinson’s Arch. Among the many new interpretations, the excavators present intriguing theories regarding the engineering of an ancient ramp for herding sacrificial animals up to the Temple Mount and a new reading of an Isaiah 66:14 graffito. The volume devotes a large section to conservation projects carried out in order to understand the problems causing the deterioration of the stones in the southern part of the Western Wall and find solutions to protect and preserve them. The volume also presents details of a major ground penetrating radar examination of this stretch of the Western Wall.Trade Review“The Temple Mount/Haram aš-Šarīf has fascinated scholars since the dawn of modern archaeology, and the pious for millennia before that. The studies assembled here document excavations and conservation at the southern and southwestern retaining walls of the Herodian Temple, with special care for all periods—from the Iron Age to Herod the Great to medieval Islam. This magnificent volume is a monument to decades of dedicated research, a resource for generations to come!”—Steven Fine,Churgin Professor of Jewish History, Yeshiva UniversityTable of ContentsPreface Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichPART I: THE SOUTHERN WALL: ITS HISTORICAL, ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL FRAMEWORKChapter 1 INTRODUCTION Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichChapter 2 HISTORY OF RESEARCH AND DOCUMENTATION ALONG THE SOUTHERN WALL OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT/ḤARAM AŠ-ŠARĪF: FROM FREDERICK CATHERWOOD TO CONRAD SCHICK Shimon GibsonChapter 3 TOPOGRAPHY Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichPART IIA: EXCAVATIONS NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNERChapter 4 EXCAVATION NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER— AREAS A AND B Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichChapter 5 THE ROADS LEADING TO THE TEMPLE MOUNT FROM THE SOUTH Yuval Baruch and Roddy ReichChapter 6 IRON AGE POTTERY FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Efrat BocherChapter 7 EARLY ROMAN–BYZANTINE POTTERY FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Dèbora SandhausChapter 8 ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENTS FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Orit Peleg-BarkatChapter 9 STAMP IMPRESSIONS OF THE LEGIO X FRETENSIS FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Benjamin J. Dolinka and Filip VukosavovićChapter 10 LATE ROMAN DUCK HEAD FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Yuval Baruch and Dèbora SandhausChapter 11 COINS AND A FLAN MOLD FROM EXCAVATIONS NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Donald T. ArielChapter 12 EARLY ROMAN PERIOD STONE VESSELS AND OBJECTS FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Ronny ReichChapter 13 FAUNAL REMAINS FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Abra Spiciarich and Lidar Sapir-HenChapter 14 BONE IMPLEMENTS FOUND NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Ronny ReichChapter 15 SUMMARY OF EXCAVATIONS NEAR THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichINDEX OF LOCI AND WALLSPART IIB: EXCAVATIONS WEST OF THE SOUTHWESTERN CORNERChapter 16 THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS: STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE Moran Hagbi and Joe UzielChapter 17 POTTERY FROM THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS Moran Hagbi and Joe UzielChapter 18 CATALOG OF SMALL FINDS FROM THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS EXCAVATIONSMoran Hagbi and Joe UzielChapter 19 COINS FOUND ALONG THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS EXCAVATIONS Donald T. ArielChapter 20 GLASS FINDS FROM THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS EXCAVATIONS Tamar WinterChapter 21 STONE VESSELS FROM THE EXCAVATIONS ALONG THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS Ayala ZilbersteinChapter 22 ANIMAL BONE REMAINS FROM THE EXCAVATIONS ALONG THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS Nimrod MaromChapter 23 DENDROARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF REMAINS FOUND AT THE EXCAVATIONS OF THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS Helena Roth and Dafna LanggutChapter 24 RESIDUE ANALYSIS OF FILLS EXCAVATED ALONG THEWESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS Dvory NamdarChapter 25 THE EXCAVATION ALONG THE SOUTHWESTERN CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT: DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Moran Hagbi and Joe UzielINDEX OF LOCI AND WALLSPART IIC: EXCAVATIONS AT AN ISLAMIC CEMETERYChapter 26 AN EARLY ISLAMIC CEMETERY AT THE EDGE OF THE TEMPLE MOUNTRonny Reich, Yaakov Billig and Yossi NagarPART III: STUDIES IN THE VICINITY OF THE WALLSChapter 27 OBSERVATIONS ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE SOUTHERN WALL Yuval Baruch and Ronny ReichChapter 28 SCULPTURAL DECORATION OF THE FAÇADE OF THE DOUBLE GATE: A NEW STYLISTIC APPROACH Svetlana TarkhanovaChapter 29 HEBREW INSCRIPTIONS Ronny Reich, Yuval Baruch, Dror Czitron and Hélène MachlineChapter 30 THE ISAIAH 66:14 INSCRIPTION RECONSIDERED Ronny Reich and Yaakov BilligChapter 31 ARABIC INSCRIPTIONS Moshe SharonChapter 32 THE THICKNESS OF THE WESTERN WALL: GROUND PENETRATING RADAR IMAGINGUri BassonChapter 33 RADIOCARBON ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT Johanna Regev and Elisabetta BoarettoPART IV: CONSERVATION OF THE SOUTHERN WALL AND THE AREA OF ROBINSON’S ARCHChapter 34 CONSERVATION OF THE SOUTHERN WALL Ofer CohenChapter 35 CONSERVATION SURVEY OF THE ASHLARS OF THE WESTERN WALLYonathan Tzahor, Yosef Vaknin, Yael Kalman and Dorit TsipshteinChapter 36 DEGRADATION OF THE STONES IN THE WESTERN WALL: SALT DISTRIBUTION OVER THREE DECADESYotam Asscher, Aliza Van Zuiden and Meidad ShorChapter 37 CONSERVATION PHILOSOPHY AND WORK ON THE BASE OF THE WESTERN WALLAliza Van ZuidenPART V: SYNTHESIS AND SUMMARYChapter 38 PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE Yuval Baruch and Ronny Reich

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Book SynopsisGenerally portrayed as a windswept wasteland of marginal use for human habitation, Patagonia is an unmatched testing ground for some of the world's most important questions about human ecology and cultural change. In this volume, archaeologist Raven Garvey presents a critical synthesis of Patagonian prehistory, bringing an evolutionary perspective and unconventional evidence to bear on enduringly contentious issues in New World archaeology, including initial human colonization of the Americas, widespread depopulation between 8,000 and 4,000 years ago, and the transition from foraging to farming. Garvey's novel hypotheses question common assumptions regarding Patagonia's suitability for prehistoric hunter-gatherers. She makes four primary arguments: (1) the surprising lack of clothing in parts of prehistoric Patagonia supports a relatively slow initial colonization of the Americas; (2) the sparse record of human habitation during the middle Holocene may be due to prehistoric behavioral changes and archaeological sampling methods rather than population decline; (3) farming never took root in Patagonia because risks associated with farming likely outweighed potential benefits; and, finally, (4) the broad trajectory of cultural change in Patagonia owes as much to feedback between population size and technology as to conditions in the rugged Patagonian outback itself.

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Book SynopsisConfronting national, linguistic and disciplinary boundaries, contributors to African Archaeology Without Frontiers argue against artificial limits and divisions created through the study of ‘ages’ that in reality overlap and cannot and should not be understood in isolation. Papers are drawn from the proceedings of the landmark 14th PanAfrican Archaeological Association Congress held in Johannesburg in 2014, nearly seven decades after the conference planned for 1951 was relocated to Algiers following the National Party’s rise to power in South Africa. Contributions by keynote speakers Chapurukha Kusimba and AkinOgundiran encourage African archaeologists to practise an archaeology that collaborates across many related fields of study to enrich our understanding of the past. The nine papers cover a broad geographical sweep by incorporating material on ongoing projects throughout the continent, including South Africa, Botswana, Cameroon, Togo, Tanzania, Kenya and Nigeria. Thematically, the papers included in the volume address issues of identity and interaction, and the need to balance cultural heritage management and sustainable development derived from a continent racked by social inequalities and crippling poverty. Edited by three leading archaeologists, the collection covers many aspects of African archaeology, and a range of periods from the earliest hominins to the historical period.Trade Review"This set of conference proceedings will be a classic, like all the others, and consulted long after its immediate applicability has waned ... It captures the depth and breadth of archaeological research on the African continent and refl ects the state of archaeology at a particular point in time". - Natalie Swanepoel, Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of South AfricaTable of ContentsKeynote Address 1 Imagining an African Archaeology Without Frontiers Chapurukha M. Kusimba; Keynote Address 2 Collapsing Boundaries: A Continental Vision for African Archaeology Akin Ogundiran; Chapter 1 The 'Useable' Archaeology Of Recent African Farming Systems: Comparative and Collaborative Perspectives from East (Marakwet), West (Tiv) and South (Bokoni) Africa- Matthew Davies, Caleb Adebayo Folorunso, Timothy Kipkeu Kipruto, Freda M'Mbogori, Henrietta L. Moore, Emuobosa Orijemie and Alex Schoeman; Chapter 2: What Is It? - Cultural Heritage Resources among the Makonde Community of Mtwara Region of Tanzania - Festo W. Gabriel; Chapter 3: The Indigenous Roots of Swahili Culture in Pangani Bay, Tanzania: Continuity and Change in an Archaeological Assemblage - Elinaza Mjema; Chapter 4; Is this an anvil? The multi-functionality of iron bloom crushing (Likumanjool) sites in the Bassar region of Northern Togo - Philip de Barros and Gabriella Lucidi; Chapter 5: Rock Art in Cameroon, Knowledge, New Discoveries and Sub-Regional Extension - Narcisse Santores Tchandeu; Chapter 6: Archaeological Studies on Iron Age Settlement History in the Northwestern Congo Basin - Dirk Seidensticker; Chapter 7: Glass Trade Beads at Thabadimasego, Botswana: Analytical Results and Some Implications - Adrianne Daggett, Marilee Wood and Laure Dussubieux; Chapter 8: Blurring Boundaries: Forager-Farmer Interactions and Settlement Change on the Greater Mapungubwe Landscape, Southern Africa - Tim Forssman; Chapter 9: Challenges Facing Heritage Management in South Africa: Implementation of a Web-Based National Heritage Management System - Kate Smuts and Nick Wiltshire.

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Book SynopsisThe turbulent reign of Stephen, King of England (1135–54), has been styled since the late 19th century as 'the Anarchy’, although the extent of political breakdown during the period has since been vigorously debated. Rebellion and bitter civil war characterised Stephen’s protracted struggle with rival claimant Empress Matilda and her Angevin supporters over ‘nineteen long winters’ when, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ‘Christ and his Saints slept’. Drawing on new research and fieldwork, this innovative volume offers the first ever overview and synthesis of the archaeological and material record for this controversial period. It presents and interrogates many different types of evidence at a variety of scales, ranging from nationwide mapping of historical events through to conflict landscapes of battlefields and sieges. The volume considers archaeological sites such as castles and other fortifications, churches, monasteries, bishops’ palaces and urban and rural settlements, alongside material culture including coins, pottery, seals and arms and armour. This approach not only augments but also challenges historical narratives, questioning the ‘real’ impact of Stephen’s troubled reign on society, settlement, church and the landscape, and opens up new perspectives on the conduct of Anglo-Norman warfareTrade ReviewReviews '[This book] successfully combines detailed archaeological considerations with careful historical assessment and thereby offers an important source for a range of scholars of military history, landscape studies and medieval archaeology... Certainly we learn a lot more about the ‘Anarchy’ and its various impacts and manifestations, and the ongoing problems with finding and reading the archaeology of the period.' Dr Neil Christie, University of Leicester'This excellent book reexamines the Anarchy, or the period of civil war between King Stephen and his cousin Mathilda (1135–54), integrating into the substantial historiography of the period a growing data set of archaeological findings and the insights of landscape studies to better illuminate the problems of the period. Although the book necessarily constitutes a sort of interim report, given the ongoing accumulation of material culture finds and excavations, it is a completely successful one that both synthesizes extant knowledge and points to potentially fruitful paths for further field research. For archaeologists and social, cultural, and military historians.'S. Morillo, Wabash College, CHOICE'For historians who study the Anarchy period specifically, several of the archaeological insights that Creighton and Wright provide will be helpful. For those who do not, this book stimulates thinking about the study and incorporation of material culture into historical discussion and debate for any era. Some of the maps and renderings are beautiful and offer interesting perceptions on the geographical scope of a long period of conflict but short span of time in ways that written description cannot match.'Laurence W. Marvin, Berry College, Cambridge‘This is an enormously valuable and engaging book, and it should now become essential reading for any who study Stephen’s reign, Anglo-Norman warfare, or indeed the social history of twelfth-century England.’Matthew Strickland, Landscape History'This excellent and elegantly produced volume not only offers challenges to some of these more established orthodoxies, but points up how studies of material evidence — the datasets for which will only grow thanks to the Portable Antiquities Scheme — can contribute to the bigger questions of the period.'Robert Liddiard, University of East Anglia, Medieval Archaeology'It is an agenda-setting work, positioning archaeology as neither a subservient adjunct to history nor its wilfully ignorant antagonist. Instead, it sensitively positions conflict archaeology (generously defined) as a complementary and powerful array of approaches and sets of evidence with the potential to unlock regions of historical enquiry that other disciplines cannot reach. Overall, this a very useful introduction to the issues surrounding twelfth-century warfare in Britain and in many ways a pioneering work.' Thomas J.T. Williams, British Museum, Cambridge Archaeological Journal‘The material evidence that the book brings out from twelfth-century England is fascinating and valuable … it certainly shows the broader material milieu within which the conflict was fought, and thus valuably serves to advance our understanding of the Anarchy.’ Medieval Review'Creighton and Duncan Wright have gathered a generation of archaeological, art historical, sociological and historical research into a single study which presents a compelling and convincing multi-dimensional reinterpretation of King Stephen’s reign [...] what Creighton and Wright have achieved is a transformative argument that will impel archaeological and historical study in new directions. The challenge has been laid down to other scholars to test the new prescription.'Richard Oram, Archaeological Journal‘The Anarchy is an incredible example of the kind of innovative scholarship that can be produced through interdisciplinary methods. Although Creighton and Wright delve into the details of archaeological excavations, they do so with a style that is easy to comprehend and free from jargon. This style of research shows the fruits that come from integrating archaeological studies into historical narratives informed heavily by texts, while recognizing the shortcomings of both pools of evidence.’ Matthew King, H. NetTable of ContentsList of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Historical Outline and the Geography of Anarchy Chapter 3: Waging War: Fields of Conflict and Siege Warfare Chapter 4: Architecture and Authority: Castles Chapter 5: Artefacts and the Arts: Twelfth-Century Material Culture Chapter 6: Performing Violence: Arms, Armour and Military Apparel Chapter 7: Faith and Fortification: The Church Chapter 8: Village, Town and Country Chapter 9: Anarchy on the Fen Edge: Case Study of the Isle of Ely Chapter 9: The Twelfth-Century Civil War in Context: An Assessment Appendix: Sites to visit Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisFirst full archaeological study of the urban environment of Norwich when its power was at its height. Norwich was second only to London in size and economic significance from the late Middle Ages through to the mid-seventeenth century. This book brings together, for the first time, the rich archaeological evidence for urban households and domestic life in Norwich, using surviving buildings, excavated sites, and material culture. It offers a broad overview of the changing forms, construction and spatial organisation of urban houses during the period, ranging across the social spectrum from the large courtyard mansions occupied by members of the mercantile and civic elite, to the homes of the urban "middling sort" and the small two- and three-roomed cottages of the city's weavers andartisans. The so-called "age of transition" witnessed profound social and economic changes and religious and political upheavals, which Norwich, as a major provincial capital, experienced with particular force and intensity; domestic life was also transformed. The author examines the twin themes of continuity and change in the material world and the role of the domestic sphere in the expression and negotiation of shifting power relationships, economic structures and social identities in the medieval and early modern city.Trade ReviewChris King has written a fine book on the 'Fine City'. [...] King's engagement with existing studies is exemplary, disseminating hitherto unpublished archaeological work by the Norwich Survey, making conscientious use of historical studies on Norwich's rich documentation, writing fluently about historical sources such as the 1570 census of the poor and post-1660 hearth tax returns. * CULTURAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY *Enjoyable, dense, wide-ranging and well-illustrated, the book admirably fulfils the author's aim of contributing to current debates around the character of the 'great rebuilding' phenomenon in the context of the social and cultural transformation of England's second city. -- MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGYThis book is essential reading for everyone with a serious interest in the history of Norwich. It is the first publication to offer a comprehensive overview of the subject, and it does a good deal more besides. -- Norfolk ArchaeologyTable of ContentsChapter 1: Urban rebuildings, urban transitions Chapter 2: Norwich, 1350-1660: continuity and change in an English provincial city Chapter 3: Medieval merchants' houses, c.1350-1540 Chapter 4: Early modern merchants' houses, c.1540-1660 Chapter 5: The urban elite: domestic space, social identity and civic authority Chapter 6: Medieval houses and the urban 'great rebuilding' Chapter 7: Houses of the 'middling sort': buildings and the use of space Chapter 8: Housing the urban poor and immigrant communities Conclusions

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Book SynopsisSimilar in theme and method to the first and second volumes, Water and the Environment in the Anglo-Saxon World, third volume of the series Daily Living in the Anglo-Saxon World, illuminates how an understanding of the impact of water features on the daily lives of the people and the environment of the Anglo-Saxon world can inform reading and scholarship of the period in significant ways. In discussing fishing, for example, we learn in what ways fish and fishing might have impacted the life of the average person who lived near fishing waters in early medieval England: how fishing affected that person’s diet, livelihood, and religious obligations, as well as how fish and fishing waters influenced social and cultural structures. Similar lines of enquiry in the volume’s chapters shed insight on water imagery in Old English poetry, on place names that delineate types of watery bodies across the early medieval landscape, and on human interactions (poetic and otherwise) with fens and other wetlands, sacred wells and springs, landing spaces, bridges, canals, watermills, and river settlements, as well as a variety of other waterscapes. The volume’s examination of the impact of water features on the daily lives of the people and the environment of the Anglo-Saxon world fosters an understanding, in the end, not only of the archaeological and material circumstances of water and its uses, but also the imaginative waterscapes found in the textual records of the peoples of early medieval England.Trade Review'There are comprehensive references throughout, as notes and selected texts to spur further investigation.'Sue Harrington, Archaeological Journal '[The] chapters are very accessible, wide in scope, and will be useful to students and specialists alike... [It] is... a clear and well co-ordinated book.' Caroline Goodson, English Historical Review‘This volume brings a central, but sometimes technical and obscure, aspect of Anglo-Saxon life to a wider pubic, and should be the first point of reference for many years to come. It sets high standards for continuing the series.’ John BlairTable of ContentsList of illustrations Introduction – Della Hooke and Maren Clegg Hyer 1. From Whale’s Road to Water under the Earth: Water in Anglo-Saxon Poetry – Jill Frederick 2. Water in the Landscape: Charters, Laws and Place-Names – Della Hooke 3. Fens and Frontiers – Kelley M. Wickham-Crowley 4. Marshlands and Other Wetlands – Stephen Rippon 5. Rivers, Wells and Springs in Anglo-Saxon England: Water in Sacred and Mystical Contexts – Della Hooke 6. Food from the Water: Fishing – Rebecca Reynolds 7. Inland Waterways and Coastal Transport: Landing Places, Canals and Bridges – Mark Gardiner 8. Watermills and Waterwheels – Martin Watts 9. Water, wics and burhs – Hal Dalwood† Notes Index

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Book SynopsisThe turbulent reign of Stephen, King of England (1135–54), has been styled since the late 19th century as 'the Anarchy’, although the extent of political breakdown during the period has since been vigorously debated. Rebellion and bitter civil war characterised Stephen’s protracted struggle with rival claimant Empress Matilda and her Angevin supporters over ‘nineteen long winters’ when, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ‘Christ and his Saints slept’. Drawing on new research and fieldwork, this innovative volume offers the first ever overview and synthesis of the archaeological and material record for this controversial period. It presents and interrogates many different types of evidence at a variety of scales, ranging from nationwide mapping of historical events through to conflict landscapes of battlefields and sieges. The volume considers archaeological sites such as castles and other fortifications, churches, monasteries, bishops’ palaces and urban and rural settlements, alongside material culture including coins, pottery, seals and arms and armour. This approach not only augments but also challenges historical narratives, questioning the ‘real’ impact of Stephen’s troubled reign on society, settlement, church and the landscape, and opens up new perspectives on the conduct of Anglo-Norman warfareTrade ReviewReviews '[This book] successfully combines detailed archaeological considerations with careful historical assessment and thereby offers an important source for a range of scholars of military history, landscape studies and medieval archaeology... Certainly we learn a lot more about the ‘Anarchy’ and its various impacts and manifestations, and the ongoing problems with finding and reading the archaeology of the period.' Dr Neil Christie, University of Leicester'This excellent book reexamines the Anarchy, or the period of civil war between King Stephen and his cousin Mathilda (1135–54), integrating into the substantial historiography of the period a growing data set of archaeological findings and the insights of landscape studies to better illuminate the problems of the period. Although the book necessarily constitutes a sort of interim report, given the ongoing accumulation of material culture finds and excavations, it is a completely successful one that both synthesizes extant knowledge and points to potentially fruitful paths for further field research. For archaeologists and social, cultural, and military historians.'S. Morillo, Wabash College, CHOICE'For historians who study the Anarchy period specifically, several of the archaeological insights that Creighton and Wright provide will be helpful. For those who do not, this book stimulates thinking about the study and incorporation of material culture into historical discussion and debate for any era. Some of the maps and renderings are beautiful and offer interesting perceptions on the geographical scope of a long period of conflict but short span of time in ways that written description cannot match.'Laurence W. Marvin, Berry College, Cambridge‘This is an enormously valuable and engaging book, and it should now become essential reading for any who study Stephen’s reign, Anglo-Norman warfare, or indeed the social history of twelfth-century England.’Matthew Strickland, Landscape History'This excellent and elegantly produced volume not only offers challenges to some of these more established orthodoxies, but points up how studies of material evidence — the datasets for which will only grow thanks to the Portable Antiquities Scheme — can contribute to the bigger questions of the period.'Robert Liddiard, University of East Anglia, Medieval Archaeology'It is an agenda-setting work, positioning archaeology as neither a subservient adjunct to history nor its wilfully ignorant antagonist. Instead, it sensitively positions conflict archaeology (generously defined) as a complementary and powerful array of approaches and sets of evidence with the potential to unlock regions of historical enquiry that other disciplines cannot reach. Overall, this a very useful introduction to the issues surrounding twelfth-century warfare in Britain and in many ways a pioneering work.' Thomas J.T. Williams, British Museum, Cambridge Archaeological Journal‘The material evidence that the book brings out from twelfth-century England is fascinating and valuable … it certainly shows the broader material milieu within which the conflict was fought, and thus valuably serves to advance our understanding of the Anarchy.’ Medieval Review'Creighton and Duncan Wright have gathered a generation of archaeological, art historical, sociological and historical research into a single study which presents a compelling and convincing multi-dimensional reinterpretation of King Stephen’s reign [...] what Creighton and Wright have achieved is a transformative argument that will impel archaeological and historical study in new directions. The challenge has been laid down to other scholars to test the new prescription.'Richard Oram, Archaeological Journal‘The Anarchy is an incredible example of the kind of innovative scholarship that can be produced through interdisciplinary methods. Although Creighton and Wright delve into the details of archaeological excavations, they do so with a style that is easy to comprehend and free from jargon. This style of research shows the fruits that come from integrating archaeological studies into historical narratives informed heavily by texts, while recognizing the shortcomings of both pools of evidence.’ Matthew King, H. NetTable of ContentsList of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Historical Outline and the Geography of Anarchy Chapter 3: Waging War: Fields of Conflict and Siege Warfare Chapter 4: Architecture and Authority: Castles Chapter 5: Artefacts and the Arts: Twelfth-Century Material Culture Chapter 6: Performing Violence: Arms, Armour and Military Apparel Chapter 7: Faith and Fortification: The Church Chapter 8: Village, Town and Country Chapter 9: Anarchy on the Fen Edge: Case Study of the Isle of Ely Chapter 9: The Twelfth-Century Civil War in Context: An Assessment Appendix: Sites to visit Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe mummy of Takabuti is one of the best known antiquities in the Ulster Museum, Belfast. Takabuti was a young woman who lived in Egypt during a tumultuous period, c. 600 BC. Her mummy was unwrapped and investigated in Belfast in 1835. While the focus of the book is on Takabuti, it shows how the combination of archaeological, historical and inscriptional evidence with multidisciplinary scientific techniques can enable researchers to gain a wealth of information about ancient Egypt. This not only relates to the individual historical context, ancestry and life events associated with Takabuti, but also to wider issues of health and disease patterns, lifestyle, diet, and religious and funerary customs in ancient Egypt. This multi-authored book demonstrates how researchers act as ‘forensic detectives’ piecing together a picture of the life and times of Takabuti. Questions addressed include – Who was Takabuti? When did she live? Where did she come from and where did she reside? What did she eat, and did she suffer from any diseases? Did she suffer a violent death, and how was she mummified and prepared for burial?Trade Review'The publication is easy to read and is liberally illustrated. I would highly recommend it. It whets the appetite for a visit to the Ulster Museum to see Takabuti herself.'Elizabeth O'Brien, UJA'As a source for information regarding the various scientific methods of investigation ancient mummies, explained in language accessible to a lay audience, this book will prove to be invaluable.’ Hilary Wilson, Ancient Egypt Magazine'As a source of information regarding the various scientific methods of investigating ancient mummies, explained in language accessible to a lay audience, this book will prove invaluable.' J. Peter Phillips, Ancient Egypt MagazineTable of ContentsChapter 1. Takabuti: The Historical Evidence Chapter 2. Scientific Analysis of Takabuti’s Historical Date, Ancestry and Place of Residence Chapter 3. Takabuti’s Age, Health and Diet Chapter 4. Takabuti’s Death and Mummification Chapter 5. Takabuti Revealed Endpiece. Takabuti’s Legacy

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Book SynopsisThe Material Culture of the Built Environment in the Anglo-Saxon World, second volume of Daily Living in the Anglo-Saxon World, continues to introduce students of Anglo-Saxon culture to aspects of the realities of the built environment that surrounded Anglo-Saxon peoples through reference to archaeological and textual sources. It considers what structures intruded on the natural landscape the Anglo-Saxons inhabited – roads and tracks, ancient barrows and Roman buildings, the villages and towns, churches, beacons, boundary ditches and walls, grave-markers and standing sculptures – and explores the interrelationships between them and their part in Anglo-Saxon life.Trade ReviewReviews 'Wide-ranging and definitive.' Paul Cavill, Medieval Settlement Research Group‘This achieves its aim in opening up new areas of research in aspects of early medieval English life that are often neglected.’ Richard Holt, Speculum: A Journal of Medieval StudiesTable of Contents Introduction , Gale R. Owen- Crocker Chapter 1: Enta geweorc: The Ruin and its Contexts Reconsidered, Christopher Grocock Chapter 2: Roads and Tracks in Anglo-Saxon England , Paul Hindle Chapter 3: Domestic Dwellings, Workshops and Working Buildings, Kevin Leahy and Michael Lewis Chapter 4: Place and Power: Meetings between Kings in Early Anglo-Saxon England, Damian Tyler Chapter 5: The Cuckoo and the Magpie: The Building Culture of the Anglo-Saxon Church, Michael Shapland Chapter 6: Landmarks of Faith: Crosses and other Free-Standing Stones, Elizabeth Coatsworth Chapter 7: Landmarks of the Dead: Exploring Anglo-Saxon Mortuary Geographies, Sarah Semple and Howard Williams Chapter 8: Boundaries and Walls, Margaret Worthington Hill and Erik Grigg Chapter 9: The Landscape of Late Saxon Burghs and the Politics of Urban Foundation, Jeremy Haslam Chapter 10: Signalling Intent: Beacons, Lookouts and Military Communications, John Baker and Stuart Brookes

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Book Synopsis**An Open Access edition of this book is available on the Liverpool University Press website and the OAPEN library. A selection of essays on symbola, as the tokens of Classical Athens were called, bringing together scholars of various disciplines and professional categories (numismatists, historians, museum curators) that intends to reshape our knowledge on the roles these objects played in the Athenian Democracy. This is a series of case studies which aspires to test old theories and probe new assumptions. The first section explores the extent to which our knowledge has evolved since symbola were first distinguished from coins. Four essays demonstrate how tokens, as material manifestations of particular institutions, contributed to the formation of civic and political identity in the city-state of Athens and the roles they played in ensuring legal and political equality. The second section of the volume on new finds aims to develop expertise in studying tokens and increase relevant knowledge. Finally, a third section contains comparative studies from Sicily, Jerusalem and Ephesos, aiming to adopt a comparative methodology for a better understanding of the characteristics and roles of tokens from across the ancient Mediterranean. Contributors: Vera Geelmuyden Bulgurlu, Tumay Hazinedar Coscun, Antonino Crisà, Yoav Farhi, P. J. Finglass, Mairi Gkikaki, Irini Karra, James Kierstead, John H. Kroll, Stamatoula Makrypodi, Christian Mondello, Daria Russo, Martin Schäfer.Table of ContentsMairi Gkikaki, Introduction **Section One: Symbola in Perception and Practice** 1. P.J. Finglass, Tragic Tokens: Sophoclean Symbola in Context 2. James Kierstead, The Athenian Jigsaw Tokens 3. Mairi Gkikaki, The Council of Five Hundred and Symbola in Classical Athens 4. Daria Russo, Tokens and Athenian Tribes: Iconography and Contexts of Use **Section Two: New Finds, embarking on Modern Interpretations** 5. Stamatoula Makrypodi, Athenian Clay Tokens, New Types, New Interpretations 6. John H. Kroll, Lettered and other tokens in the Lawcourts and the Assembly of Athens 7. Irini Karra, The Lot of Lead Tokens from the Makrygianni Plot in Athens **Section Three: Athenian tokens in the aftermath of the Classical Period** 8. Martin Schäfer, Nike on Hellenistic lead tokens: iconography and meaning{::}** 9. Cristian Mondello, Alexander the Great on Lead: Notes on some tokens from Roman imperial Athens{::}** **Section Four: Comparative Studies** 10. Antonino Crisà, New Hellenistic and Roman Clay Tokens from Sicily: Some Case Studies from the Museum of Palermo{::}** 11. Yoav Farhi, A New Type of Roman Period Clay Tokens from Jerusalem 12. Vera Geelmuyden Bulgurlu and Tumay Hazinedar Coscun, A Group of Lead Tokens in the Ephesos Museum Collection

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Book SynopsisSimilar in theme and method to the first and second volumes, Water and the Environment in the Anglo-Saxon World, third volume of the series Daily Living in the Anglo-Saxon World, illuminates how an understanding of the impact of water features on the daily lives of the people and the environment of the Anglo-Saxon world can inform reading and scholarship of the period in significant ways. In discussing fishing, for example, we learn in what ways fish and fishing might have impacted the life of the average person who lived near fishing waters in early medieval England: how fishing affected that person’s diet, livelihood, and religious obligations, as well as how fish and fishing waters influenced social and cultural structures. Similar lines of enquiry in the volume’s chapters shed insight on water imagery in Old English poetry, on place names that delineate types of watery bodies across the early medieval landscape, and on human interactions (poetic and otherwise) with fens and other wetlands, sacred wells and springs, landing spaces, bridges, canals, watermills, and river settlements, as well as a variety of other waterscapes. The volume’s examination of the impact of water features on the daily lives of the people and the environment of the Anglo-Saxon world fosters an understanding, in the end, not only of the archaeological and material circumstances of water and its uses, but also the imaginative waterscapes found in the textual records of the peoples of early medieval England.Trade Review'There are comprehensive references throughout, as notes and selected texts to spur further investigation.'Sue Harrington, Archaeological Journal '[The] chapters are very accessible, wide in scope, and will be useful to students and specialists alike... [It] is... a clear and well co-ordinated book.' Caroline Goodson, English Historical Review‘This volume brings a central, but sometimes technical and obscure, aspect of Anglo-Saxon life to a wider pubic, and should be the first point of reference for many years to come. It sets high standards for continuing the series.’ John BlairTable of ContentsList of illustrations Introduction – Della Hooke and Maren Clegg Hyer 1. From Whale’s Road to Water under the Earth: Water in Anglo-Saxon Poetry – Jill Frederick 2. Water in the Landscape: Charters, Laws and Place-Names – Della Hooke 3. Fens and Frontiers – Kelley M. Wickham-Crowley 4. Marshlands and Other Wetlands – Stephen Rippon 5. Rivers, Wells and Springs in Anglo-Saxon England: Water in Sacred and Mystical Contexts – Della Hooke 6. Food from the Water: Fishing – Rebecca Reynolds 7. Inland Waterways and Coastal Transport: Landing Places, Canals and Bridges – Mark Gardiner 8. Watermills and Waterwheels – Martin Watts 9. Water, wics and burhs – Hal Dalwood† Notes Index

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Book Synopsis**An Open Access edition of this book is available on the Liverpool University Press website and the OAPEN library. A selection of essays on symbola, as the tokens of Classical Athens were called, bringing together scholars of various disciplines and professional categories (numismatists, historians, museum curators) that intends to reshape our knowledge on the roles these objects played in the Athenian Democracy. This is a series of case studies which aspires to test old theories and probe new assumptions. The first section explores the extent to which our knowledge has evolved since symbola were first distinguished from coins. Four essays demonstrate how tokens, as material manifestations of particular institutions, contributed to the formation of civic and political identity in the city-state of Athens and the roles they played in ensuring legal and political equality. The second section of the volume on new finds aims to develop expertise in studying tokens and increase relevant knowledge. Finally, a third section contains comparative studies from Sicily, Jerusalem and Ephesos, aiming to adopt a comparative methodology for a better understanding of the characteristics and roles of tokens from across the ancient Mediterranean. Contributors: Vera Geelmuyden Bulgurlu, Tumay Hazinedar Coscun, Antonino Crisà, Yoav Farhi, P. J. Finglass, Mairi Gkikaki, Irini Karra, James Kierstead, John H. Kroll, Stamatoula Makrypodi, Christian Mondello, Daria Russo, Martin Schäfer.Table of ContentsMairi Gkikaki, Introduction **Section One: Symbola in Perception and Practice** 1. P.J. Finglass, Tragic Tokens: Sophoclean Symbola in Context 2. James Kierstead, The Athenian Jigsaw Tokens 3. Mairi Gkikaki, The Council of Five Hundred and Symbola in Classical Athens 4. Daria Russo, Tokens and Athenian Tribes: Iconography and Contexts of Use **Section Two: New Finds, embarking on Modern Interpretations** 5. Stamatoula Makrypodi, Athenian Clay Tokens, New Types, New Interpretations 6. John H. Kroll, Lettered and other tokens in the Lawcourts and the Assembly of Athens 7. Irini Karra, The Lot of Lead Tokens from the Makrygianni Plot in Athens **Section Three: Athenian tokens in the aftermath of the Classical Period** 8. Martin Schäfer, Nike on Hellenistic lead tokens: iconography and meaning{::}** 9. Cristian Mondello, Alexander the Great on Lead: Notes on some tokens from Roman imperial Athens{::}** **Section Four: Comparative Studies** 10. Antonino Crisà, New Hellenistic and Roman Clay Tokens from Sicily: Some Case Studies from the Museum of Palermo{::}** 11. Yoav Farhi, A New Type of Roman Period Clay Tokens from Jerusalem 12. Vera Geelmuyden Bulgurlu and Tumay Hazinedar Coscun, A Group of Lead Tokens in the Ephesos Museum Collection

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Book SynopsisMedicine and Healing Practices in Ancient Egypt provides a new perspective on healthcare and healing treatments in Egypt from the Predynastic to the Roman periods. Rather than concentrating exclusively on diseases and medical conditions as evidenced in ancient sources, it provides a ‘people-focused’ perspective, asking what it was like to be ill or disabled in this society? Who were the healers? To what extent did disease occurrence and treatment reflect individual social status? As well as geographical, environmental and dietary factors, which undoubtedly affected general health, some groups were prone to specific hazards. These are discussed in detail, including soldiers’ experience of trauma, wounds and exposure to epidemics; and conditions - blindness, sand pneumoconiosis, trauma and limb amputations – resulting from working conditions at building and other sites. Methods of diagnosis and treatment were derived from special concepts about disease and medical ethics. These are explored, as well as the individual contributions and professional interactions of various groups of healers and carers. Medical training and practice occurred in various locations, including temples and battlefields; these are described, as well as the treatments and equipment that were available. Ancient writers generally praised the Egyptian healers’ knowledge, expertise, and professional relationship with their patients. A brief comparison is drawn between this approach and those prevailing elsewhere in Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome. Finally, Egypt’s legacy, transmitted through Greek, Roman and Arabic sources, is confirmed as the source of some principles and practices still found in modern ‘Western’ medicine. Combining information from the latest studies on human remains and the authors’ biomedical research, this book brings the subject up to date, enabling a wide readership to access often scattered information in a fascinating synthesis.Table of ContentsAbbreviations Chronology Introduction to Egyptian concepts of disease and medical ethics Providers of healthcare: The healer’s perspective The temple as a location for medical training and practice Medical treatment and healing in a community context Methods of treatment Recipients of healthcare: The patient’s perspective Egypt’s contribution to other ancient and modern medical systems Bibliography

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Book SynopsisMulti-disciplinary approaches shed fresh light on the Frisian people and their changing cultures. Frisian is a name that came to be identified with one of the territorially expansive, Germanic-speaking peoples of the Early Middle Ages, occupying coastal lands south and south-east of the North Sea. Highly varied manifestations of Frisian-ness can be traced in and around the north-western corner of the European continent in cultural, linguistic, ethnic and political forms across two thousand years to the present day. The thematic studies in this volume foreground how diverse "Frisians" in different places and contexts could be. They draw on a range of multi-disciplinary sources and methodologies to explore a comprehensive range of social, economic and ideological aspects of early Frisian culture, from the Dutch province of Zeeland in the south-west to the North Frisian region in the north-east. Chronologically, there is an emphasis on the crucial developments of the seventh and eighth centuries AD, alongside demonstrations of how later evidence can retrospectively clarify long-term processes of group formation.The essays here thus add substantial new evidence to our understanding of a crucial stage in the evolution of an identity which had to develop and adapt to changing influences and pressures.Trade ReviewFrisians of the Early Middle Ages is certainly worth purchasing. A nice 'extra' are the transcripts of the discussions at the symposium, which sometimes are as insightful as the chapters themselves. In essence, it is an excellent volume to dip in and out of. * ANTIQUITY *This handsome tome does much to underscore the dynamic and adaptive nature of this extensive coastal territory and its resident peoples during the early medieval period. It should be considered one of the most-if not the most-significant collection of scholarship on the early medieval Frisians to emerge in many a year. Its meticulous but approachable nature has much to offer both seasoned scholars and newcomers alike. * SPECULUM *Interesting and well informed. * CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NETHERLANDIC STUDIES *[S]plendid book. -- MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGYTable of ContentsList of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgements Abbreviations 1. Frisians of the Early Middle Ages: An Archaeoethnological Perspective Nelleke IJssennagger-van der Pluijm, John Hines and Ian Wood 2. For Daily Use and Special Moments: Material Culture in Frisia, AD 400-1000 Egge Knol 3. The Frisians and their Pottery: Social Relations before and after the Fourth Century AD Annet Nieuwhof 4. Landscape, Trade and Power in Early-medieval Frisia Gilles de Langen and J. A. Mol 5. Law and Political Organisation of the Early Medieval Frisians (c. AD 600-800) Han Nijdam 6. Recent Developments in Early-medieval Settlement Archaeology: The North Frisian Point of View Bente Sven Majchczack 7. Franks and Frisians Ian Wood 8. Mirror Histories: Frisians and Saxons from the First to the Ninth Century AD Robert Flierman 9. Structured by the Sea: Rethinking Maritime Connectivity of the Early-medieval Frisians Nelleke IJssennagger-van der Pluijm 10. Art, Symbolism and the Expression of Group Identities in Early-medieval Frisia J. A. W. Nicolay 11. Religion and Conversion amongst the Frisians John Hines 12. Traces of a North Sea Germanic Idiom in the Fifth-Seventh Centuries AD Arjen P. Versloot 13. Runic Literacy in North-West Europe, with a Focus on Frisia Tineke Looijenga Final Discussion List of Contributors

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Book SynopsisGrafton Elliot Smith rose from a colonial Australian background to dizzying heights in the British scientific establishment. He became a world authority on neuroanatomy and human prehistory, holding chairs at Cairo, Manchester and University College, London. He was best known publicly for his challenging theory of cultural diffusion, crossing the boundaries of anthropology, archaeology and history, stemming from his expert knowledge of evolution. Most controversy raged about his "Egyptian" theory, which placed ancient Egypt as the dynamic source from which major elements of civilisation were spread by the migration of peoples and mores. This vision stemmed from his ground-breaking dissection of thousands of mummies in Egypt during the great excavations of the 1900s. His speculations, made in association with thinkers such as W H R Rivers and W J Perry, bore fruit in a spate of publications that sparked global debate, arousing particular anger from American ethnologists opposed to ideas of foreign influence upon Mesoamerican cultures. Elliot Smith's ideas were regarded at the time as authentic, if problematic, approaches to important issues in human history. They were subsequently to be caricatured or ignored in anthropological and archaeological disciplines that had moved on to other paradigms. Paul Crook shows how his ideas were developed in the context of his life and times, examining the debates they aroused, his attempts to incorporate anthropology within a broader interdisciplinary school under his leadership in London, and his opposition to Nazi race theory in the 1930s. There has been no full-scale biography of Elliot Smith and little of substance analysing his works. Despite shortcomings, his theory and reputation deserve rehabilitation. An Afterword brings general readers up to date about the whole "diffusion" debate.Trade Review"This short volume presents a useful summary of Smiths career" - Robin Derricourt, School of History & Philosophy, University of New South Wales, Australia, Antiquity (86) 2012

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Book SynopsisScience has played a crucial role in the initial stages of westerners' collecting and studying ancient Chinese artworks and archaeological materials. The relevant scientific data were quickly generated using progressively sophisticated examination techniques. But the task of integrating scientific data with archaeological and art historical resources, and developing a workable interdisciplinary study method, has lagged behind scientific endeavor. Part One of this book explores the modes and functions of the scientific resources available and their integration into interdisciplinary study methods and models; pre-war researchers particularly emphasized that their studies of Chinese artistic/archaeological materials were scientific. Improvements in precision and advanced specialization of examining instruments and techniques resulted in substantively more detailed scientific data, particularly in the post-war period. This brought with it new research dimensions and increased knowledge of targeted samples, and also greater challenges to the integration of interdisciplinary study. In Part Two, Meili Yang establishes a feasible method of interdisciplinary study in terms of five case studies related to Chinese Song ceramics. Relevant data are provided and professionally explained, resulting in critical new information related to contemporary ceramic technologies. This technology information leads us to the recognition of the uniqueness of each single artwork and the artisan's individual intention and critically, recognition of the close association with contemporary society and culture at the time of manufacture. Utilizing this new method of interdisciplinary study, modern science, ancient technology, and art and society are seen to have explicit connections. The author not only broadens scholars' and readers' perspectives regarding ancient ceramic craft, but provides a rigorous methodology applicable to interdisciplinary studies across other disciplines.

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