Archaeology by period / region Books

Book SynopsisThe Visigoth settlement in the Iberian Peninsula and its relationship with the archaeological record of the 5th-6th centuries AD continues to be one of the most controversial issues in Spanish archaeology. The controversy relates to politics as much as it relates to archaeological research with two points remaining particularly controversial: the alleged use of the Visigoth past by the Francoist intelligentsia as an ideological affirmation of the regime and the contribution of archaeologist Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla in supporting and enabling this re-interpretation of Visigothic archaeology. The purely archaeological aspect of the controversy relates to an archaeological interpretation, stemming from the ranks of the so-called New Archeology, of the Castilian necropoleis containing grave goods of Pontic-Danubian type. This interpretation places special emphasis on social and cultural phenomena above the ethnic criteria defended by the Vienna School. This volume approaches the ideological question that underlies these controversies, as well as their repercussions in the direction adopted by later archaeological investigations in relation to the history of Spain. The author attempts to deconstruct the work of Martínez Santa-Olalla and places it in the context of the scientific production of his time. At the same time, it relativizes the role played by the Visigoth period in the Francoist ideological construction. Once the discussion is framed in these terms, the author dedicates his study to a refutation of the cultural interpretation of the phenomenon of the Visigothic necropoleis of the Castilian plateau based on the archaeological data and by comparing this data with literary sources. The study also addresses two other historical problems that could be related to the Gothic settlement in the Castilian plateau: the creation of the bishopric of Segovia and the flourishing of the city of Toledo. El asentamiento visigodo en la Península Ibérica y su relación con el registro arqueológico de los siglos V-VI d.C. continúa siendo en la actualidad una de las cuestiones más controvertidas de la arqueología española. Gran parte de esa controversia tiene que ver con aspectos que trascienden a la propia investigación arqueológica y nos sitúan en el plano de la política. Así, a la hora de abordar el problema hay dos puntos que han resultado especialmente polémicos: la presunta utilización del pasado visigodo por parte de la intelectualidad franquista como afirmación ideológica del régimen y la contribución del arqueólogo burgalés Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla en la fijación del esquema de arqueología visigoda. Por otro lado, el aspecto puramente arqueológico de la controversia tiene que ver con la interpretación que desde las filas de la denominada New Archaeology se viene realizando de las necrópolis castellanas con ajuares de tipo póntico-danubiano. Dicha interpretación hace especial hincapié en fenómenos sociales y culturales por encima de los criterios étnicos defendidos por la Escuela de Viena. El presente estudio aborda de forma lúcida la cuestión ideológica que subyace detrás de la polémica, así como las repercusiones que ha tenido en la posterior dirección adoptada por la investigación arqueológica en relación con la propia historia de España. En este sentido, el autor realiza un ejercicio de deconstrucción de la figura de Martínez Santa-Olalla y lo sitúa en el contexto de la producción científica de su época. Al mismo tiempo, relativiza el papel desempeñado por el periodo visigodo en la construcción ideológica franquista. Una vez situada la discusión en estos términos, el autor dedica su estudio a una refutación de la interpretación en clave cultural del fenómeno de las necrópolis visigodas de la meseta castellana desde los propios datos arqueológicos y a partir del cotejo de estos datos con los testimonios que proporcionan las fuentes literarias. Además, el presente estudio aborda también otros dos problemas históricos que podrían estar relacionados con el asentamiento godo en la meseta castellana: la creación de la sede episcopal segoviana y el auge de la ciudad de Toledo.Table of ContentsPRÓLOGO; ARQUEOLOGÍA Y POLÍTICA EN LA ARQUEOLOGÍA DE ÉPOCA VISIGODA: UNA VISIÓN CRÍTICA DEL PROBLEMA.; Visigotismo y régimen de Franco; Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla o el pecado original de la arqueología visigoda; ETNICIDAD O ACULTURACIÓN; Interpretaciones del fenómeno.; El asentamiento visigodo en las fuentes literarias.; LA CUESTIÓN ARQUEOLÓGICA.; La ausencia de hallazgos en el territorio de la Aquitania secunda; La cronología de los hallazgos; El ritual de enterramiento.; El mapa de dispersión de las necrópolis visigodas y la dualidad funeraria; CONCLUSIONES; SUMMARY (ENGLISH); BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is the first comprehensive work focusing on lived ancient religious communication in Roman Dacia. Testing for the first time the ‘Lived Ancient Religion’ approach in terms of a peripheral province from the Danubian area, this work looks at the role of ‘sacralised’ spaces, known commonly as sanctuaries in the religious communication of the province. The author analyses the role of space sacralisation, religious appropriation, embodiment and the social impact of religious communication in urban contexts (Apulum), military contexts (Porolissum and Mehadia), and numerous examples from rural (non-urban) environments (Ampelum, Germisara, Ad Mediam, and many others). The book concentrates not only on the creation and maintenance of sacralised spaces in public and secondary locations, but also on their role at the micro-level of objects, semi-micro level of spaces (settlements), and the macro-level of the province and the Danubian region as a whole. Innovatively as regards provincial archaeological research, this book emphasises the spatial aspects of lived ancient religion by analysing for the first time the sanctuaries as spaces of religious communication in Dacia. The work also contains a significant chapter on the so-called ‘small-group’ religions (the Bacchic, Mithraic and Dolichenian groups of the province), which are approached for the first time in detail. The study also gives the first comprehensive list of archaeologicallyepigraphically- attested, and presumed sacralised spaces within Dacia.Trade Review‘This is a valuable book, offering knowledge of Dacia and the religious life of the province and will certainly be useful to all those who are interested in the history of Dacia and Roman religion.’ [translated] – Ljubica Perinić (2019): HRČAK ‘Based on an in-depth knowledge of the historiography specific to Roman Dacia and its pitfalls and taking into account very recent discoveries, the work will render valuable services to researchers interested in the history of Dacia or the Roman religion.’ [translated] – Françoise Van Haeperen (2020): Bryn Mawr Classical Review ‘The paper aims to create a dialogue between several disciplines, and in particular, the study of religious cults using as a case study different settlements in Dacia. It is one of the first steps of this kind and is a relevant study in this field. It offers a multitude of clear examples and explanations, which makes it possible to use this methodology on other sites in the Roman Empire.’ [translated] – Bianca Olteanu (2020): Cercetări Arheologice ‘…Sanctuaries in Roman Dacia opens a fresh insight into the materiality of religious practices in Roman Dacia and, on a more general level, highlights the value of sacral monuments as sources for the social and economic history of the Roman provinces.’ – Damjan Donev (2020): American Journal of Archaeology ‘Szabó’s book is an important contribution to the religious history of Roman Dacia. Readers interested in provincial religion will find here a wealth of relevant source material and a number of valuable observations. The book also shows how the detailed analysis of archaeological and epigraphic remains from a Roman province can be combined with the theoretically informed study of the history of ancient polytheism. It is to be hoped that many further studies will follow Szabó’s lead.' – Péter Kató (2021): Historical Studies on Central EuropeTable of ContentsI. Introduction; II. Sacralising the space in urban context; III. Sanctuaries and networks in military settlements: Porolissum and Praetorium; IV. sacralised spaces in the countryside; V. Beyond Lived Ancient Religion in Dacia; VI. Annexes: Sanctuaries of Roman Dacia; VII. Összefoglaló; VIII. Bibliography

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘Profane Death in Burial Practices of a Pre-Industrial Society: A study from Silesia’ discusses phenomena characteristic of the funeral practices of the pre-industrial society of Silesia (Poland). The author explores specific groups of people: unbaptised children, women who died in childbirth, suicides, convicts and those who perished in epidemics, who were refused an honorary burial in consecrated land or had ceremonies conducted on special terms. Also discussed are the places where the bodies of these excluded individuals were interred. The study is supplemented by an analysis of the results of archaeological research, which mainly involved fieldwork carried out at former execution sites. The skeletal remains of numerous convicts were discovered during these investigations, together with the remnants of stonebuilt gallows. This analysis is especially relevant for interpreting selected funeral finds, socalled ‘vampire burials’, and the general question of atypical treatment of bodies perceived as unworthy, badly-deceased or ‘unclean’. The research subject is novel, as no similar synthetic studies on unusual funerary practices have yet been conducted in Polish archaeology for this particular era and territory. The author is primarily concerned with cases mentioned in historical and archaeological sources from the region of Silesia, but evidence from beyond this area is also presented. Chronologically the study covers the period between the 15th and early 19th centuries.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1. Valorization of cemetery space; 2.1. Cemetery boundaries; 2.2. Functions of cemeteries; 2.3. Hierarchy of cemeteries; 2.4. Hierarchy within cemeteries; 2. Suicide; 2.1. Differences in religious denominations and legal bases for punishment of suicides; 2.2. Place of death - profane space; 2.3. Suicides in cities; 2.4. Significance of crossroads and boundaries for burials; 2.5. Executions of suicides — prevention or punishment?; 2.6. Beliefs and magical practices associated with suicide death; 3. Executed bodies and execution sites; 3.1. Superstitions and magic practices associated with execution sites; 3.1.1. Magical properties of criminal body parts; 3.1.2. Magical properties of the hanging rope and other items from the gallows; 3.1.3. Hanged men’s clothes; 3.1.4. Magical properties of plants growing on the execution site; 3.1.5. The role played by the hangman in perpetuating these superstitions; 3.1.6. Archaeological evidences of the popular beliefs and superstitions; 3.2. The location of execution sites; 3.3. Burials of the executed and false cemeteries’; 3.3.1. Uses of the gallows structure interior; 3.3.2. Different uses of the area outside the gallows; 3.4. Gallows remains variation; 3.5. Analysis of small finds; 4. Women who died in childbirth; 5. Unbaptized children; 5.1 Status of children who died before being baptized; 5.2. Changelings and other superstitious beliefs about new born children; 5.3. Magic properties of body parts of unbaptized infants; 5.3.1. Infant burials in vessels; 5.3.2. The pot burial of an infant from Wrocław; 6. Other groups in breach of the established order; 6.1. Drunkards; 6.2. Non-practicing Christians; 6.3. Other groups denied standard burial; 7. The ‘living dead’ and related apotropaics; 7.1. Categories of the harmful dead; 7.2. Preventive measures; 7.3. Executions of the harmful dead; 7.4. Rationalization and possible natural explanation of deviant burials; 7.5. Grave goods and the belief in ‘living dead’; 7.6. Archaeological finds; 8. Time of the plague — abnormal situation; 8.1. Finding and punishing those ‘guilty of the plague’; 8.2. Plague burial sites and commemoration of plague victims; 8.3. Archaeological record of epidemics; Conclusion; References; Figures; Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘Performing the Sacra: Priestly roles and their organisation in Roman Britain’ addresses a range of cultural responses to the Roman conquest of Britain with regard to priestly roles. The approach is based on current theoretical trends focussing on dynamics of adaptation, multiculturalism, and appropriation and discarding a sharp distinction between local and Roman cults. The perspective is shifted from a centre-periphery model towards a spectrum of cultural responses. The book investigates a wide range of published and unpublished evidence to examine three main themes: a model of priesthood organisation, the embodiment of priestly authorities in a provincial environment, and how the different depositional contexts of priestly regalia contribute to our understanding of these roles. Previous accounts of this type of evidence from Britain has often linked the objects to local cults, for being somehow specific to the province. This was based on a limited search for comparisons among the evidence from other areas of the Roman world, both in terms of the individual objects and of the overall priestly organisation. Here, a methodical investigation of objects identifiable as priestly regalia and ceremonial tools was integrated into an assessment of historical, epigraphic, and iconographic sources. Mapped via the creation of a Geographic Information System and highlighting regional distributions, this work contributes to our understanding of the fluid provincial culture behind the religious organisation of the ritual landscape of Britain.Trade ReviewMaking sense of the usually fragmented and ambiguous material is no small task, and presenting such a comprehensive dataset is achievement enough. But the author goes further, highlighting remarkable continuity between the Iron Age and Roman period, and assessing the pattern of deposition as well as use. -- Edward Biddulph * Current Archaeology *'The large quantity of objects from Roman Britain associated with people performing priestly functions is apparent to anyone who has written about religion in the province. Esposito’s book, based on a London thesis, brings most of these together... and is consequently very much to be welcomed.' -- Martin Henig * Britannia, Cambridge University Press *Table of ContentsPreface; Chapter 1: Introduction to the study, assessment of the sources, and research questions; Chapter 2: Terminology, methodological framework, and data sources; Chapter 3: Priestly regalia from Britain. The material evidence for priestly roles; Chapter 4: Contextual analysis and distribution of priestly regalia; Chapter 5: Iconographic representations of ritual performers from Britain; Chapter 6: Epigraphic evidence of priestly titles in Britain; Chapter 7: Religious performers and their activities in Roman Britain; Appendix 1: Primary Sources; Appendix 2: Database; Bibliography

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘Atlas of Ceramic Fabrics 2. Italy: Southern Tyrrhenian. Neolithic – Bronze Age’ presents and interprets the petrographic composition of pre-protohistoric pottery (6th-1st millennia BCE) found in southwestern part of Italy. This is the second in a Atlas series organised according to geographical areas, chronology and types of wares. In this book 890 samples from 29 sites are discussed, encompassing results of more than 50 years of interdisciplinary archaeological, technological and archaeometric research by the authors’ team. Ninety petrographic fabrics (the potters’ ‘recipes’) are defined and presented based on their lithological character – a tool that can be used to compare different components of the ceramic pastes and to check possible provenance of non-local pots. The volume is organized in chapters focused on methodology, fabric description and distribution, followed by the archaeological implications and the database, with contribution by Andrea Di Renzoni (CNR-ISMA, Roma). Illustrations and descriptions of the fabrics and a list of samples provide a rigorous and transparent presentation of the data. The archaeological implications are discussed through cross-correlatios between origin and technology, variability, standardisation, chronology, function, social organization, circulation, style, typology and cultural identity. We hope that this work will be considered an another stepping-stone in demonstrating that technological variability is as important as stylistic distinctions.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume - in Italian, with an English summary - presents the 1930s archaeological photo-albums of John Alfred Spranger (1889-1968). Engineer, topographer, mountain climber, archaeologist, art collector and photographer, Spranger traveled extensively - in the Balkans, Greece, Egypt and the Near East, Canada, Central Asia - and left several photo albums detailing archaeological explorations as well as travel memories. In the 1920s-1930s, he took part in a number of Etruscan excavations in Tuscany, together with Harry Burton, the photographer of the Tomb of Tutankhamun. With a pioneering approach, they used the photo-camera to document the excavation work in progress. The albums are dedicated to a trip to Egypt in 1929, a trip to Mesopotamia (Iraq) in 1936 and some surveys and excavations carried out in Etruria (Tuscany, Italy) in 1929-1935. Spranger's photos are particularly meaningful, especially because he combined his skills in using the camera with a great expertise in archaeology and topography. His photos make it possible to understand, after almost a century, how many Egyptian, Mesopotamian and Etruscan sites appeared at the time of their first excavations Il volume - in italiano con riassunto in inglese - e dedicato agli album fotografici realizzati negli anni Trenta del Novecento da John Alfred Spranger (1889-1968): fu ingegnere, topografo, alpinista, archeologo, collezionista e fotografo. Viaggio molto - nei Balcani, in Grecia, in Egitto e nel Vicino Oriente, in Canda e in Asia centrale - lasciandoci molti album fotografici dedicati ai suoi viaggi e alle sue ricerche archeologiche. Negli anni Venti e Trenta partecipo a ricognizioni e scavi archeologici in Toscana, assieme a Harry Burton, il fotografo della Tomba di Tutankhamun. Con un approccio pionieristico, ambedue sperimentarono l'uso della macchina fotografica per documentare lo scavo archeologico. Gli album presentati sono dedicati a due viaggi, uno in Egitto nel 1929 e l'altro in Mesopotamia (Iraq) nel 1936, e a ricognizioni e scavi condotti in siti etruschi della Toscana tra 1929 e 1935. Le fotografie di Spranger sono particolarmente significative perche riflettono sia la competenza del fotografo che quella del topografo e dell'archeologo, e ci permettono di capire, a quasi un secolo di distanza, quale fosse l'aspetto di numerosi siti egizi, mesopotamici ed etruschi, al momento della loro prima indagine archeologica.Table of ContentsIntroduzione, di Stefano Anastasio e Barbara Arbeid; John Alfred Spranger, di Stefano Anastasio e Barbara Arbeid; Gli album, di Stefano Anastasio e Barbara Arbeid: Egitto/Iraq/Etruria; English Summary; Bibliografia; Appendice: digitalizzazione e archiviazione delle immagini

Read more less

Book SynopsisDhofar, the southern governorate of Oman, lies within a distinctive ecological zone due to the summer Southwest Monsoon. It is home to numerous indigenous succulent plants, the most famous of which is frankincense (Boswellia sacra). The region, tied in the past to both Oman and Yemen, has a long and distinguished archaeological past stretching back to the Lower Paleolithic ca. 1.5 my BP. Dhofar is also home to a distinctive people, the Modern South Arabian Languages speakers (MSAL) since at least the last 15,000 years. Ancient Zafar (Al-Habudi), now called Al-Baleed, and its successor Salalah was and is the province’s largest city. From the seventh century onwards until the arrival of the Portuguese in 1504 AD Al-Baleed dominated the central southern Arabian coastline politically and economically. Archaeological surveys and excavations in the governorate, beginning in 1954, have brought to light Dhofar’s ancient past.Table of ContentsIntroduction; 1 The geomorphology and ecology of Dhofar and its larger ecological environs; 2 Prehistoric archaeological chronology in Dhofar prior to the Islamic period; 3 Late Antiquity and Early Islamic trade in the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and the Arabian Gulf; 4 The Medieval city of Zafar. Periods II-IV; 5 Archaeology of Zafar, Periods II-V (950-1700 AD); 6 Al-Baleed ceramic typology; 7 Al-Baleed and the international Indian Ocean trade; 8 The inland trade to the Hadhramaut and East Arabia; The historical chronology of Al-Baleed/Zafar; Suggested readings; Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘TephroArchaeology’ is a translation of the Japanese word kazanbai kōkogaku (lit. volcanic ash archaeology), referring to a sub-discipline of archaeology that has developed in Japan in the last few decades. The first book compilation using the term, edited by the doyen of tephroarchaeology, geologist ARAI Fusao, appeared in 1993; chapters were written by 5 geologists, 3 archaeologists, 3 geographers, an engineer, and a historian. From its beginning, this subdiscipline has been interdisciplinary in approach and applied to all time periods throughout the Japanese Islands. Honouring this tradition, a panel on TephroArchaeology was organized by Barnes & Soda at the World Archaeology Congress 8 meetings in Kyoto (August–September 2016). The scope of concern was broadened to include other parts of the world and further disciplines. Several of the papers presented at WAC8 are included here together with other invited papers that complete the North Pacific focus. Most of the chapters are case-studies written by their excavators in Japan, Canada, and the United States, but a historian and a behavioural psychologist contribute important perspectives and add world-wide content. The volume is rounded out by an extensive Preface, Introduction and Appendices by co-editor Barnes, and a historic contextualization of TephroArchaeology by co-editor Soda. A final appendix consists of a translation of the techniques of tephra identification by MACHIDA Hiroshi & ARAI Fusao, to whom the volume is dedicated. The strengths of this book are many. It was primarily designed to bring into the English-speaking world the work being done by local archaeologists in Japan whose results are usually only accessible in Japanese. In addition to the meticulous excavation methodologies, innovative analytical techniques and interpretive analyses represented herein by all the authors are the variety of problems in human history that can be addressed through tephroarchaeological investigation. This subdiscipline may spawn a more general Volcanic Archaeology or Archaeological Volcanology as adherents grow and as volcanologists themselves take heed of the archaeological record to inform on eruption processes and products.Trade ReviewThis excellent book provides an incredibly valuable introduction to the field of tephroarchaeology, particularly as practiced in Japan... For me, then, this book was a very much unexpected pleasure to read and a real inspiration for future research. -- Christian A. Tryon * Asian Perspectives, Volume 60 *Table of ContentsPreface; Chapter 1. Gina L. BARNES, “Introduction to TephroArchaeology”; Chapter 2. SODA Tsutomu, “Tephroarchaeology and its history in Japan”; Chapter 3. KUWAHATA Mitsuhiro, “Volcanic disaster archaeology: comments on methodological prospects and issues”; Chapter 4. Gerald OETELAAR, “Volcanic ash and landscape evolution: reconstruction of a 7000-year old landscape on the northwestern Great Plains of North America”; Chapter 5. Ben FITZHUGH, Caroline FUNK & Jody BOURGEOIS, “Volcanoes and settlement in the North Pacific: late Holocene settlement patterns in the Western Aleutian and Kuril Islands”; Chapter 6. MURAKAMI Yoshinao, “Katakai-Ienoshita Site, Akita, buried by the Mt Towada lahar in the 10th century”; Chapter 7. Keith PRATT, “Portrait of a volcano: the paradox of Paektu (Changbaishan)”; Chapter 8. MARUYAMA Kōji, “Volcanic disaster research using archaeological methods: 10th-century eruptions and population movements in northern Tōhoku, Japan”; Chapter 9. HORAGUCHI Masashi, “TephroArchaeology in the Gunma region”; Chapter 10. SUGIYAMA Hidehiro, “Disasters at Kanai, Gunma, by Mt Haruna eruptions in the Kofun Period”; Chapter 11. SAKAGUCHI Hajime, “Archaeological investigation of the seasonality and duration of the 6th-century eruptions from Mt Haruna”; Chapter 12. KUWAHATA Mitsuhiro, “Restoration of agricultural assets after volcanic disasters in southwest Japan”; Chapter 13. Gina L. BARNES, “Tephra-derived soils of Japan in comparative context”; Chapter 14. NOTO Takeshi & Gina L. BARNES, “Farming tephrogenic soils in Gunma: before and after volcanic eruptions”; Chapter 15. Torill Christine LINDSTRØM, “TephroArchaeology: past, present, and future”; Appendix A. Gina L. BARNES, “A Map and Chronological Charts”; Appendix B. Gina L. BARNES, “Volcanic Geology”; Appendix C. Gina L. BARNES, “Tectonic Setting of North Pacific Volcanoes”; Appendix D. Gina L. BARNES, “Volcanic Soils Geochemistry”; Appendix E. MACHIDA Hiroshi & ARAI Fusao, “The History of Tephra Characterization in Japan”; Glossary and Character Index by Chapter; Index I: Archaeological Sites; Index II: Volcanoes and Related Geological Terms

Read more less

Book SynopsisRACTA (Ricerche di Archeologia Cristiana, Tardantichità e Altomedioevo) was the first international conference for PhD students of Christian Archaeology. It took place in Rome in February 2018, hosted by Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana and gathered more than 50 multidisciplinary talks and posters from PhD students from Europe, America and Russia. The engagement shown at the well-attended event, and the interest of several institutions, proved that Christian archaeology continues to be important to new generations of archaeologists, art historians, and researchers of the ancient world.Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION; Giovanna Assunta Lanzetta: An introduction to RACTA 2018, the first International Conference of PhD students in Christian Archaeology; Chiara Cecalupo: Standing on the shoulders of giants: the doctoral school of Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana; Priscilla Ralli: Contemporary PhD studies in Post Classical fields; PROCEEDINGS; Riccardo Consoli: Nuove Considerazioni sulla Chiesa e la Cripta di S. Ponziano a Spoleto; Davide Bianchi: Una Rivalutazione Architettonica del Memoriale di Mosè sul Monte Nebo; Lucia Orlandi: Note sull’utilizzo delle vasche accessorie ai fonti battesimali del Mediterraneo tardoantico (IV-VII sec.); Bianca Hermanin: De Templi custodibus unus: la figura di Tiberio Alfarano nella Basilica di San Pietro sotto il pontificato di Gregorio XIII; Aleksandra Medennikova: The Representation of Architecture and Space in Early Christian Art; Noé Conejo Delgado: La moneda en el mundo rural lusitano: reflexiones sobre su uso en el siglo IV d.C.; Cristina Cumbo: Vetri dorati e lastre incise: alcuni casi interessati dalle c.d. gammadiae; Aneta Gil: Die mittelalterlichen Malereien von S. Aspreno in Neapel: Eine Rekonstruktion; Alessandra Avagliano: Alcune considerazioni sulla produzione scultorea d’età altomedievale a Salerno; Claudia di Bello: La scultura postgiustinianea oltre Costantinopoli: le lastre; Elsa Roux: Modalités du démantèlement et de remploi des décors marmoréens à Vaison-la-Romaine, Vaucluse, France (IIIe-Ve siècle); Jessica Dello Russo: A Higher Distinction: The Tombs of Jews in Ancient Rome in their Broader Topographical Settings; Marco Ciliberti: L’ipogeo B della collina della Maddalena a Venosa (PZ); Begoña Fernández Rojo: The Role of Christianity as an Element of Identity Building in the Lusitania of the 6th and 7th centuries; Nicolò Pini: Organizzazione spaziale e strutture sociali nel medio-oriente tardo bizantino e primo islamico (V-VIII sec.); Roberta Ruotolo: Ostia tardoantica e altomedievale. Topografia cristiana della città e del suburbio; Alessandro Melega: Le ultime fasi di vita del mitraismo ostiense: nuove indagini archeologiche; Alessandra Cicogna: Continuità di vita e trasformazioni di un sistema difensivo tra l’età tardoantica e l’altomedioevo: il caso di Tivoli; Davide Mastroianni: Dinamiche territoriali e trasformazioni insediative tra l’età tardoantica e l’età altomedievale in Abruzzo. Il caso di Campli (TE); Antonio Tagliente: Fortificazioni e controllo del territorio nel Principato longobardo di Salerno. I castelli di Monte e de Alegisio (secc. X-XI); Alessia Frisetti: Christianity in the Middle Volturno Valley: Written sources, Buildings and Masonry Techniques (5th-10th centuries); Marco Campese: La Puglia centrale in età tardoantica: archeologia globale dei paesaggi nel territorio di Terlizzi (BA); Axel Alt: Le reliquie da contatto in Occidente tra IV e VII secolo: per una rivalutazione della testimonianza di Gregorio Magno; Lucrezia Campagna: Studi quantitativi su alcuni contesti ceramici di Roma (IX-XIV secolo): potenzialità e vantaggi; Consuelo Capolupo: Il Codice Diplomatico Verginiano e gli edifici di culto di X secolo; Andrea Guaglianone: Il limite orientale dell’area sacra di largo Argentina tra V e IX secolo: aggiornamenti e nuove osservazioni; Dino Lombardo: Murature paleocristiane a Ravenna. Nuove riflessioni; Lester Lonardo: Dinamiche insediative tra tarda Antichità ed Altomedioevo nella bassa valle del Calore (Benevento); Leonardo Radicioni: Interventi tardoantichi alle arcuazioni dell'Aqua Claudia e Anio Novus: il caso del tratto presso Porta Furba

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe purpose of this study is to analyze the soliform figures in schematic cave paintings. The author presents research on all the global factors relevant to the study of these figures (technological, typological, stylistic, semiotic, astronomical, anthropological and landscape) and their relationship with the whole of schematic rock paintings and the societies that produced them. The geographical scope of the study is the area of Laguna de la Janda and Campo de Gibraltar (Cadiz). One of the arguments the author maintains in this research is the shortage of studies conducted in the territory of Cadiz in relation to these figures – and to rock art in general, which has been a central motif in almost all primitive religions or mythologies since the birth of agricultural societies. The recurrence of abstract motifs within the rock art of this area, and its durability over time, could be an indication of common cultural patterns among the different populations that inhabited the province. But these same signs are also repeated in different parts of the world – could it therefore suggest universal aspects of our species? The interpretation of these symbols has been – and continues to be – subject to intangible or subjective issues; therefore, it is not exempt from possible projections of our own culture. We think that we are able to approach, in a scientific way, the ritual and symbolic aspects of those who elaborated these paintings. In this book, the author proposes an alternative according to the theoretical framework of disciplines such as ethnography, anthropology, landscape archaeology, archaeoastronomy and semiotics.Table of Contents1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. BALANCE HISTORIOGRÁFICO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN SOBRE LA FIGURA SOLIFORME EN EL ARTE POSTPALEOLÍTICO DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA 3. CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL MEDIO NATURAL DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO Y CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO-ARQUEOLÓGICO 4. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS ABRIGOS 5. ANÁLISIS TECNOLÓGICO DE LAS FIGURAS SOLIFORMES, LOS PANELES Y EL ESTILO 6. CRONOLOGÍA Y CONTEXTO CULTURAL 7. LOS ANÁLOGOS DEL MOTIVO SOLIFORME EN OTRAS MANIFESTACIONES GRÁFICAS DE LA PREHISTORIA RECIENTE 8. EL TERRITORIO Y LAS PINTURAS: UNA INTERPRETACIÓN DESDE LA SEMIÓTICA 9. LOS ABRIGOS: UNA INTERPRETACIÓN DESDE LA ARQUEOASTRONOMÍA 10. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES Y CONCLUSIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn a period when, particularly in the West, the study of archaeological remains is enriched through new methods derived from the natural sciences and when there is general agreement on the need for more investment in the study, restoration and conservation of the tangible cultural heritage, this book presents contributions to these fields from South-Eastern Europe. This region is characterised by a contrast between the rather limited development of the above scientific methods and the particularly rich and diverse material remains of its past societies, as well as by an obvious need to bring closer together traditionally-trained archaeologists with specialists in natural sciences interested in the research and conservation of ancient material remains. The title ‘Bridging Science and Heritage in the Balkans’ intends to show that the volume is part of this effort. The departing point of this volume is the 5th Balkan Symposium of Archaeometry (25–29 September 2016, Sinaia, Romania), where most of the papers published here were presented in preliminary form. The contributors are specialists from South-Eastern Europe as well as from other European countries working there. Some chapters focus on methods (in the research of glass, restoration of stone monuments affected by contemporary graffiti, conservation by irradiation of organic materials such as wood and human and animal body remains); most chapters present case studies (analyses of ceramics, metals, soils, wood anatomy, isotope-based reconstruction of human diet, ancient DNA, radiocarbon dating, technology assisted field survey, as well as restoration of paper and pigments); sometimes several methods are combined. The volume covers nearly all aspects of heritage sciences employed in this part of Europe.Table of ContentsForeword – Livius Trache ; Multiple Investigation Methods Combined ; Micro-and Macroarchaeology – How Can the Two Be Combined? – by Ulrike Sommer, Silvia Amicone, Elena Chernysheva ; Archaeometry and Individual Biographies: Evidence from Radiocarbon Dating, Isotope-Based Diet Reconstruction and Metal Composition from the 14th-17th-Century Cemetery in Bărăşti (Southern Romania) – by Nona Palincaş, Corina Anca Simion, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Bogdan Constantinescu, Daniela Stan and Maria Mihaela Manea) ; Radiocarbon Dating ; Case Studies on the Dating of Bronze Age Cremation Burials in Hungary – by János Dani, Kitti Köhler, Gabriella Kulcsár, István Major, Eszter Melis, Róbert Patay, Géza Szabó, Tamás Hajdu, István Futó, Róbert Huszánk and Viktória Kiss) ; Revisiting the Radiocarbon-Based Chronology of the Wietenberg Culture (Middle Bronze Age Transylvania): A Debate of Supra-Regional Relevance – by Nona Palincaş, Mihai Rotea, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Monica Bodea and Constantin David) ; Archaeological-Historical Information and Radiocarbon Dating: Problems of the Late Bronze-Early Iron Age Chronology of the Carpathian-Danubian-Balkan Region – by Attila László ; Radiocarbon Dating of the Wooden Church in Borovineşti (Southern Romania, 19th Century): An Attempt to Elucidate the History of the Church – by Corina Anca Simion, Nona Palincaş, Gabriela Odilia Sava, Oana Gâza, Iuliana Mădălina Stanciu, Tiberiu Bogdan Sava, Doru Gheorghe Păceşilă, Iulia Anania and Laurenţiu Dragomir ; Archaeometallurgy ; Compositional Analysis of the Agighiol Hoard: Provenance and Possible Links to Pieces in the Detroit Institute of Arts and the NYC Metropolitan Museum of Art – by Bogdan Constantinescu, Daniela Stan, Angela Vasilescu and Mircea Babeş ; Ceramics ; Compositional Analysis of the White and Red Colours in the Chalcolithic ‘Sanctuary’ at Căscioarele-‘Ostrovel’ tell (Southern Romania, c. 4800-4550 cal BC) – by Radu-Alexandru Dragoman, Maria-Mihaela Manea, Radu Florin Andrei, Dragoş Alexandru Mirea, Mădălina Răvar, Corina Anca Simion and Mihai Straticiuc ; Archaeometric Studies of Boian Pottery from Nanov-‘Vistireasa 3’ (Teleorman County, Romania, c. 4800-4500 cal BC) – by Vasile Opriş, Dragoş Alexandru Mirea, Radu Florin Andrei, Mihai Straticiuc, Corina Anca Simion, Ioana Stănculescu, Lucreţia Miu and Laurenţiu Dincă ; Glass ; Glass Analysis in Relation to Historical Questions – by Žiga Šmit ; Pigments ; A Decorated Islamic Manuscript from the Ottoman Turkish Period: Paper Characterization, Dating and Conservation – by Maja Kostadinovska, Irena Naumovska, Zorica Jakovleska Spirovska and Tatijana Kančevska Smičkovska ; The Micro-Chemical and Spectroscopic Study of Component Materials in 18th- and 19th- Century Printed Holy Books – by Maja Kostadinovska, Orhideja Grupče, Zorica Jakovleska-Spirovska and Biljana Minčeva-Šukarova ; DNA Analysis ; DNA Analysis of the Human Remains Found in a Cucuteni Ritual Pit in Eastern Romania (4100-3800 cal BC) – by Neculai Bolohan, Florica Măţău, Mitică Ciorpac and Dragoş Lucian Gorgan ; Archaeometric Field Research Methods ; The Boyadzhik Concession Area: the Use of GIS Technology in the Protection of Cultural Heritage – by Todor Valchev and Stefan Bakardzhiev ; Heritage Conservation Methods ; Laser-Assisted Removal of Graffiti Paint on Stone: Potential Use in the Restoration of Cultural Heritage Monuments – by Viktoria Atanassova, Ivan Kostadinov, Peter Zahariev and Margarita Grozeva ; Cultural Heritage Disinfection by Irradiation – Corneliu C. Ponta ; Nuclear Techniques in Preservation Treatments of Archaeological Organic Materials and How to Take Archaeological Studies into Account When Applying Them – by Laurent Cortella

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the Imperial Age, many ports in Italy had been built in opus coementicium. The most important ones were in Latium (eg. Portus Romae, Antium and Centumcellae), in the Phlegrean Fields (portus Iulius, Misenum, Puteoli and Baiae) and along the northern-Adriatic coast (Classis-Ravenna, Aquileia and Altino). The military fleets of Augustus, in particular, were quartered in the ports of Classis and Misenum. Most Roman ports were located at river mouths and/or in lagoon areas and were connected with inland areas by rivers or artificial canals. For this reason, port structures (piers and warehouses) were set at some distance from the sea, as in Rome (Emporium of Testaccio along the Tiber), in Pisa-San Rossore and in the Po valley. In Late Antiquity many of the Roman ports gradually fell into disuse while others continued until the 7th century. In Ravenna, however, a new port settlement, known as Civitas Classis, came into being in the 5th century, after the creation of the suburb of Portus Romae. In the Early Middle Ages, the northern-Adriatic coast became very important in connection with trade with Constantinople. New settlements equipped with timber port structures were created at Comacchio, Cittanova and in the Venetian lagoon. If maritime trade in the Tyrrhenian Sea decreased (although to a lesser extent in Byzantine towns like Naples), river-borne traade was still dynamic and often managed by abbeys and other ecclesiastical institutions. According to historical sources, many river wharves were located along the Po while San Vincenzo abbey managed the Volturno river. The Carolingian river wharves of San Vincenzo were composed of timber, stone and, according to the Roman tradition, concrete structures. A slow recovery of maritime trades is already evident in the Carolingian Age. This book analyses the Roman and early medieval ports of Italy and the building techniques used in their structures; it displays the elements of continuity and discontinuity revealed during these centuries.Trade Review'A fascinating branch of archaeology—especially for those who love the history of navigation—is the one treated in this important book by Alessandro Luciano, from the National Archaeological Museum of Naples (MANN), which illustrates a whole series of research and discoveries regarding seaports, and ancient and early medieval river landings.' -- Renato Ferraro * Lega Navale *'Settore affascinante dell’archeologia – specie per chi ami la storia della navigazione - è quello trattato in questo importante libro di Alessandro Luciano, del Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli (MANN), che c’illustra tutta una serie di ricerche e rinvenimenti riguardanti porti marittimi e approdi fluviali antichi e del primo Medioevo.' -- Renato Ferraro * Lega Navale *Table of ContentsPremessa Presentazione Prefazione I. Introduzione.Breve storia degli studi II. I Romani in mare.Considerazioni preliminari III. L’approvvigionamento di Roma.Un sistema portuale integrato IV. Le flotte militari di Augusto.La navigazione in area flegrea ed alto-adriatica V. Sul modello dell’Urbs.Gli scali commerciali nel resto della Penisola VI. L’epoca tardoantica.Tra crisi e nuove fondazioni VII. Napoli sul mare.Un quartiere costiero dei Bizantini VIII. Commerci ed empori tra Mar del Nord e Adriatico bizantino IX. Gli scali fluviali dei Longobardi e Carolingi.Religiosi e mercanti in affari X. Tecniche costruttive ed uso del legno nella cantieristica post-classica XI. Considerazioni conclusive Bibliografia

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe small town of Buckley, in Flintshire, was the focus for a regional pottery industry for at least 600 years, from the medieval period to the mid-20th century. However, despite Buckley’s impressive industrial past, a visit to the town today reveals little evidence to suggest the extent and importance of what was once a major industry supplying traditional earthenware. This book is based on the results of recent research and excavation which has enhanced our understanding of the Buckley potteries, identifying over 30 individual production sites from documentary and cartographic sources. It considers the factors which influenced the siting and development of the industry, how it changed through time and the reasons for its eventual demise. Few of the potteries have been the subject of archaeological excavation, and of those none have previously been published in detail. The book presents the results from excavations on the sites of four potteries, and includes a review of the evidence for others, including a gazetteer detailing the evidence for all of the potteries currently known. This volume contains contributions from Peter Davey, Leigh Dodd, Richard Hankinson, Bob Silvester and Sophie Watson.Trade ReviewNigel Jones and the Clwyd-Powys Archaeological Trust are to be congratulated on drawing together the resultant information on this important industry and for laying the basis for informed decisions on the recovery of more in the future. - Peter Webster (2020), Archaeologia Cambrensis, Vol. 169Table of ContentsIntroduction Geology of the Buckley Area (Richard Hankinson) Buckley Potteries and their relationship with Buckley Mountain Common – cartographic evidence (Bob Silvester) History and Significance of the Buckley Potteries (Peter Davey) Recent Excavations: Brookhill Pottery (Site 1), 2016 (Richard Hankinson) Taylor’s Pottery (Site 3), 2005 (Leigh Dodd) Lewis’s Pottery (Site 5), 2000 (Leigh Dodd) Price’s Pottery (Site 11), 2014-15 (Sophie Watson) A Gazetteer of Buckley Potteries Bibliography Appendix 1: Glossary

Read more less

Book SynopsisEste volumen colectivo recoge diferentes contribuciones sobre la historia y la arqueología de las islas Baleares durante la Antigüedad tardía. En su conjunto, estas aportaciones ofrecen una visión general entre el siglo III y X d. C., un período considerado tradicionalmente como uno de los peor conocidos de la historia insular. La escasez de fuentes escritas y, en cierta forma, de investigación arqueológica, pero también la influencia historiográfica de las “dark ages”, habían suscitado una percepción negativa de estos momentos de la historia insular y relegado al archipiélago a un papel marginal. Cabe recordar, no obstante, que las Baleares estaban situadas en un lugar estratégico en las rutas comerciales del Mediterráneo occidental. Fue precisamente esa ubicación la que las convirtió en objetivo de Roma, que ocupó las Baleares (Mallorca y Menorca) en el 123 a. C. En el siglo IV d. C. llegaron a constituir una provincia independiente dentro del Imperio romano, para ser conquistadas sucesivamente por vándalos (455 d. C.) y bizantinos (534 d. C.) y terminar en manos islámicas a inicios del siglo X. El volumen reúne, sin ánimo de exhaustividad, algunos ejemplos de investigación histórica y arqueológica que han permitido una mejora notable en el conocimiento de este período. Sin duda, la investigación desarrollada en estos últimos decenios, tanto desde la academia como desde la arqueología preventiva o de urgencia, ha contribuido a mejorar sustancialmente nuestro conocimiento de este dilatado período de transición, un período en el que las islas del archipiélago balear se transformaron y se adentraron, finalmente, en la Edad Media.Table of ContentsHistoria El siglo III d. C. en las islas Baleares: síntomas de cambio social – Ricardo González Villaescusa The Perfidia of the Jewish Women of Magona, according to the Letter of Bishop Severus of Minorca (418)The Example of 2 Mac. 7 – Josep Amengual i Batle Las Baleares a la luz de la epistula Severi (418 d. C): vida urbana entre Italia, Hispania y el norte de África – Sabine Panzram The Vandal Balearics – Henry Gruber Las islas Baleares, territorio bizantino en los siglos vi y vii – Margarita Vallejo Girvés Las islas Baleares y su relación con Bizancio en los siglos VIII y IX: una propuesta de periodización – Juan Signes Codoñer The migration and colonisation of Berber and Arab clan groups in the Balearic Islands (10th -13th century) – Helena Kirchner Arqueología Ocupación y poblamiento de la isla de Formentera en la Antigüedad – Ricardo González Villaescusa y Pierre-Yves Larra El poblado tardoantiguo de Son Fornés, ss. V-VII d.n.e. – Montserrat Menasanch, Paula Amengual, Lara Gelabert, y Cristina Rihuete El Sector Sur de Son Peretó (Mallorca – islas Baleares). Ambientes de carácter funerario de entre los siglos V a VIII d. C. – Mateu Riera Rullan, Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros y Magdalena Salas Burguera Communication routes and basilicas: Shaping the Christian landscape in Late Antique Mallorca (Balearic Islands) – Catalina Mas Florit, Patricia Murrieta, Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros and David Wheatley El mobiliario arquitectónico de la Antigüedad Tardía en las islas Baleares – Silvia Alcaide González Ánforas bajoimperiales y de la Antigüedad Tardía halladas en las costas de Menorca (Baleares) – Octavio Pons Machado Navegación y comercio de la Antigüedad Tardía. La aportación del Puerto de Sanitja (Menorca) a través de la arqueología subacuática – F. Contreras Rodrigo y A. J. Talavera Montes La basílica sepulcral de Sanisera (Menorca). Estudio antropológico y de los espacios y rituales funerarios – Llorenç Alapont Martín El estudio arqueomérico de las cerámicas comunes y ánforas de producción baleárica en la Antigüedad Tardía: un estado de la cuestión – Miguel Ángel Cau Ontiveros, Leandro Fantuzzi, Evanthia Tsantini y Catalina Mas Florit Accesorios de indumentaria tardorromanos, germánicos y bizantinos en las islas Baleares (siglos IV-VIII) – Joan C. de Nicolás Mascaró Inscripciones sobre broches bizantinos de las Baleares y anillos digitales tardorromanos, germánicos y bizantinos de Menorca – B. Obrador Cursach y J.C. de Nicolás Mascaró Catalogo de anillos menorquines tardorromanos, germánicos y bizantinos (siglos IV-VIII) – Joan C. De Nicolás Mascaró Nuevos hallazgos de fulûs en Menorca y en las Pitiusas. Nuevos problemas – Félix Retamero y Bernat Moll Notas cortas Mallorca Puig de s’Escolà – Javier Aramburu-Zabala Villa romana de Son Sard – B. Palomar Puebla, F. Cardona López y S. Munar Llabrés La iglesia de Sa Carrotja – Silvia Alcaide González El yacimiento de la Antigüedad Tardía de Cas Frares – Silvia Alcaide González Los materiales hebraicos de Ses Fontanelles – Jordi Casanovas Miró Menorca La iglesia de Fornàs de Torelló (Mahón, Menorca) – Silvia Alcaide González El puerto romano de Sanisera (Sanitja, Menorca) – Fernando Contreras Rodrigo y Nil Carcacer Fabregas Eivissa Asentamiento rural de can Pere Arabí – Joan Roig Ribas Asentamiento rural de can Talaies – Jonathan Castro Orellana y Joan Roig Ribas Asentamiento rural de Can Fita – Ricardo González Villaescusa Castellum tardoantiguo de Can Blai – Jordi H. Fernández y Ricardo González Villaescusa Recinto de vigilancia marítima de Sa Muradeta – Ricardo González Villaescusa

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis publication considers the visual, linguistic and religious culture of the Roman province of Lusitania. Roman influence was especially notable in religion and artistic manifestations. It was in the cities where the Lusitanians acquired Roman civilization: they learned Latin, the Frankish language of the peninsula; they were introduced to the Roman administration and religion; and in the third century, when Rome converted to Christianity, so did the Lusitanians. The Latin language was imposed as the official language, functioning as a binding factor and communication between different peoples. Being a fairly large area and lacking a unified state that promoted a particular language in administration or education, different languages ​​coexisted simultaneously in Hispania. The subjects continued to use their native languages, although official business was conducted in Latin or Greek. Indigenous religions persisted, although sacrifices were offered everywhere for the emperor and the gods of the Roman pantheon. Visual culture also reflected the hybrid character of provincial civilization. Images of a Roman style and subject matter circulated widely, and yet the craftsmen and consumers of the provinces maintained their own traditions, adopting Roman techniques and tastes as they pleased. The papers in this volume establish a broad and generous view of the relationship between images, languages and religious culture within Lusitanian society.Table of ContentsIntroducción – by Jorge Tomás García and Vanessa Del Prete ; La vivencia en las villae: de las descripciones literarias a los espacios y programas decorativos en Lusitânia – by André Carneiro ; Estudio de la devoción a Venus en Lusitania – by Vanessa Del Prete Mainer ; Particularidades de la epigrafía lusitana: ¿comparte elementos con otras culturas o es un unicum? – by Gabriela de Tord Basterra ; Deibabor igo deibobor Vissaieigobor. Notas para el estudio de la retención lingüística en la epigrafía religiosa de la Lusitania romana – by María José Estarán Tolosa ; Revisitando os pedestais ao Divino Augusto: ligações sociais entre as elites de Olisipo e Emerita e o seu papel na munificência pública e no culto imperial – by Sara Henriques dos Reis ; Moneda e imagen en el territorio lusitano – by Javier Herrera Rando ; Cristãos Ibéricos e Antiguidade Clássica — o Baptistério de Milreu/Estói (Algarve) nos Finais da Antiguidade Tardia – by Stefanie Lenk ; Los sacerdotes locales romanos en la ciudad romana de Olisipo. Su imagen pública epigráfica como miembros de la élite local – by Pere Mas Negre ; Silvano y Silvanos. Reflexiones en torno a la imagen de un numen syluarum en contexto lusitano – by Cátia Mourão - Filomena Barata ; Una estatua femenina con guirnalda en el Museo Nacional de Arte Romano de Mérida (Badajoz, España). Posible representación de Isis o de una de sus sacerdotisas en Augusta Emerita – by José María Murciano Calles ; El “banquete funerario” en la tapa del sarcófago romano de Troia. La celebración que unió la religión, la muerte y el arte durante la Antigüedad Tardía – by Márcia Pinheiro ; Las ceremonias de culto imperial provincial en Hispania y sus elementos integrantes. A propósito del altar del forum novum de Colonia Patricia – by Ana Portillo Gómez ; La importancia del color en los Misterios de Mitra: el caso del altar de Tróia – by Claudina Romero Mayorga ; Los encapuchados de Augusta Emerita, ¿ahuyentadores de espíritus y elementos de protección? – by Javier Salido Domínguez and Mariano Rodríguez Ceballos ; El culto de Marte y la religiosidad del sur del actual territorio portugués en las zonas rurales – by Sílvia Teixeira

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe hypocephalus is an element of Late Period and Ptolemaic funerary equipment – an amuletic disc placed under the head of mummies. Its shape emulates the sun’s disc, and its form is planar, although it occasionally has a concave shape (in such cases, it protects the head as a funerary cap). The earliest known example can be dated to the 4th century BC and the latest to the 2nd/1st century BC. The Hypocephalus: an Ancient Egyptian Funerary Amulet analyses both the written records and iconography of these objects. So far, 158 examples are known; several, unfortunately, from old descriptions only. The relatively low number shows that the object was not a widespread item of funerary equipment. Only priest and priestly families used them, those of Amon in Thebes, of Min in Akhmim, and the ones of Ptah in Memphis. Among the examples, no two are identical. In some details, every piece is an individualized creation. Ancient Egyptian theologians certainly interpreted hypocephali as the iris of the wedjat-eye, amidst which travels the sun-god in his hidden, mysterious and tremendous form(s). The hypocephalus can be considered as the sun-disk itself. It radiates light and energy towards the head of the deceased, who again becomes a living being, feeling him/herself as ‘one with the Earth’ through this energy. The texts and the iconography derive principally from the supplementary chapters of the Book of the Dead. Some discs directly cite the text of spell 162 which furnishes the mythological background of the invention of the disc by the Great Cow, who protected her son Re by creating the disc at his death.Trade Review‘Mekis deserves gratitude for an outstanding achievement in gathering and organizing a wealth of material that will make studying hypocephali much easier in the future. He has also put forward a coherent interpretation. Though other interpretations are possible and will doubtlessly be forthcoming, he has at least provided a target for others to tilt at. This work should be the new starting point for future study.’ – John Gee (2022): Bibliotheca Orientalis LXXIX 1/2Table of Contents1 Introduction ; 2 History of the research on hypocephali ; 3 Sun-disc under the head – overview ; 4 Some problems around hypocephali – pseudo-hypocephali ; 5 Systematisation of hypocephali ; 6 Introduction to the understanding of the structure of the discs ; 7. Spell 162 of the Book of the Dead: prescription of the hypocephalus ; 8 Grouping of hypocephali on the basis of rim inscriptions ; 9 Text typology in use ; 10 Transliteration and translation of the texts of the pictorial field ; 11. Workshop traditions ; 12. Conclusion ; Catalogue ; I. Classic hypocephali ; II. Textile amuletic hypocephali ; Plates ; Illustration credits ; Bibliography ; Indices

Read more less

Book Synopsis‘Scènes de Gynécées’ Figured Ostraca from New Kingdom Egypt: Iconography and intent examines images of women and children drawn on ostraca from Deir el-Medina, referred to in previous scholarship as ‘Scènes de Gynécées’. The images depict women with children either sitting on beds in a domestic setting or in outdoor kiosks. The former are likely to show celebrations carried out in the home to mark the birth of a child. This may have included the bringing of gifts, mainly consumables and small household items. It is possible this was recorded in hieratic texts, also on ostraca, described in earlier research as gift-giving lists. The kiosk scenes may have depicted the place women gave birth in or more likely the place of confinement after birth. However, given the dense nature of settlement at Deir el-Medina it is possible these scenes were symbolic evoking the protection of Isis who nurtured Horus in the papyrus thicket of the Delta. In order to understand the purpose and intent of these images, repeat motifs are considered and their similarities to wall paintings within the village are examined. The objects are important as they represent rare examples of regional art, found only at Deir el-Medina. Also, women are the main protagonists in the scenes, which is unusual in Egyptian art as women are generally depicted alongside the male patron of the work, as his wife, daughter or sister. This publication represents the first systematic study of this material and it brings together ostraca from museums worldwide to form a corpus united contextually, thematically and stylistically.Table of ContentsIntroduction ; Chapter 1: Deir el-Medina: The History of Excavation and the Nature of the Site ; Chapter 2: Catalogue of Painted Wall Decoration Found in the Village ; Chapter 3: Catalogue of ‘Scènes de Gynécées’ Figured Ostraca and Comparative Evidence ; Chapter 4: ‘Scènes de Gynécées’: The Corpus ; Chapter 5: ‘Scènes de Gynécées’: Repeat Motifs ; Chapter 6: Conclusions ; Bibliography ; Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThree theories vie to explain the causes, characteristics and chronology behind the emergence of Iron Age Cypriot city-kingdoms: Achaean, Phoenician and autochthonous. Privileged by scholars until as recently as the 1980s, the first linked the emergence of the Cypriot city-state to the great Achaean migrations at the end of the second millennium. Epic foundation myths, telling of cities founded by Achaean heroes returning from Troy, were seen as fabled versions of events unfolding ostensibly at the outset of the Iron Age. The writings of D.W. Rupp cast doubt on the Achaean theory, by placing these developments at a much later date (8th c. BCE) and tracing their origins to the growing influence of the Phoenicians. This hypothesis was hotly contested, giving rise to a third theory, according to which the Cypriot Iron Age was essentially a continuation of the island’s Bronze Age civilisation. The latter theory now holds sway and is scarcely ever contested. The Cypriot city-kingdoms that we observe in the historical period (7th-4th c. BCE) are said to have arisen, after a few decades of instability, as early as the 11th century. Their political and administrative structures would have undergone little more than consolidation in the 8th century, before enjoying their floruit during the Archaic and Classical periods and finally disappearing amid the Wars of the Diadochi at the start of the Hellenistic period. By recasting these developments within the broader context of the re-emergence of state structures in the eastern Mediterranean, La naissance des cités-royaumes cypriotes reassesses the arguments advanced by champions of the received theory. It likewise situates the phenomenon within a firmer theoretical (i.e. anthropological) framework, intended to establish well-defined distinctions. Furthermore, it proposes a shared typology that can accommodate other political entities, traces of which are found throughout the Geometric period (11th-8th c. BCE). Not only does the archaeological evidence compel us to question whether events unfolded as suggested, it reinforces a more nuanced variant of the Phoenician theory. Various state markers, though abundant in the 8th century (Cypro-Geometric III), seem indeed conspicuously absent during Cypro-Geometric I and II. Excavations at one such city-state, the palace of Amathus, have yielded compelling indications as to when a lasting dynasty originally arose. From them, we can surmise that the Kingdom of Amathus was the first of its kind. While the process no doubt took several decades, under no circumstances did it occur before the 9th century BCE. This coincides, moreover, with the wave of resurgent state-building that swept the eastern Mediterranean and engulfed even more westerly regions like the Aegean.Trade Review'Petit’s study represents a welcome change of perspective in the debate concerning the origins of Cypriot city-states. It offers a refreshing contrast to the “autochthonous theory” which has been propagated in the last two decades with a certain claim to exclusivity and which, unchallenged, could run the risk of becoming another “factoid” in Cypriot history. Petit develops his argument in a clear and comprehensive way: he describes the archaeological remains and then explains the conclusions he draws from this evidence.' -- Christian Körner * Bryn Mawr Classical Review *Table of ContentsI. INTRODUCTION ; « Théorie achéenne », « Théorie phénicienne », « Théorie autochtone » ; Un héritage achéen ? ; II. CONSIDÉRATIONS THÉORIQUES : UTILITÉ DE LA TYPOLOGIE ; L'impasse du relativisme absolu ; La chefferie vs l'État ; La cité-État ; Critères archéologiques de la chefferie et de l'État ; III. LES CORRÉLATS ARCHÉOLOGIQUES DE L'ÉTAT AUX CG III/CA I ; Écriture ; Structures monumentales et/ou communautaires ; Récupération cultuelle de vestiges de l' ge du Bronze ; Production artisanale et industrielle organisée ; Croissance démographique, hiérarchie des établissements et urbanisation ; IV. UN CAS D'ESPÈCE : AMATHONTE ; La ville et le royaume ; Le premier palais ; La phase prépalatiale ; La première cité-royaume cypriote ; V. LA NAISSANCE DES ROYAUMES CYPRIOTES AUX CG III/CA I. CONSIDÉRATIONS FINALES ; La « consolidation » des royaumes au CG III ; L'argument du silence inversé ; VI. LES ENTITÉS POLITIQUES CYPRIOTES AUX CG I/II ; Des « ges obscurs » cypriotes ? ; Des chefferies cypriotes ; VII. TRANSITION VERS L'ÉTAT. PROCESSUS ET CAUSES ; Processus. Saut quantitatif ou qualitatif ? ; Causes. Managériales ou conflictuelles. Procès et agentivité ; Des voix discordantes ; La civilisation cypriote à l' ge du Fer ; VIII. L'ÉTATISATION DE CHYPRE DANS LE CADRE EST-MÉDITERRANÉEN ; Chypre et le Levant ; Les Phéniciens, Chypre et l'Égée

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn the Argentine Northwest, northeast of Catamarca, there are a set of shelters and caves located in the rainforest with rock art with virtually no background. Little is known about the occupants of these spaces and their past practices. In order to learn more about these, this book addresses the study and systematic analysis of the plastic-thematic-compositional repertoire of the rock art sites of ‘Los Algarrobales’ and their spatial and temporal distribution. In this way, it is possible to approach the understanding of the modalities of appropriation of the people of the inhabited area, the relationship that they would have maintained with the environment, as well as the distinction of various events and uses of different places and, in this way, contribute to the knowledge of the historical, social and cultural development of the area. Throughout the reading, we start to glimpse the archaeological landscapes related to rock art for this sector of the southern Andean area.Table of ContentsCapítulo 1 Introducción, Objetivos e Hipótesis Capítulo 2 Descripción del Área de Estudio y Antecedentes Capítulo 3 Consideraciones Teóricas Capítulo 4 Consideraciones Metodológicas Capítulo 5 El Arte Rupestre de Los Algarrobales Capítulo 6 Las Formas de los Espacios Plásticos en Los Algarrobales Capítulo 7 Los Paisajes de Los Algarrobales: paneles, tránsito y visualización Capítulo 8 Entre Imágenes y Paisajes. Conclusiones Referencias Bibliográficas Anexo I Tabla: Trabajos de campo realizados en los algarrobales Anexo II Ficha de relevamiento general Anexo III Tablas: Sitios con arte rupestre de los algarrobales Anexo IV Calcos: Diseños de camélidos y cuadrúpedos indefinidos

Read more less

Book SynopsisFrom Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet DeLaine’s seminal work on Roman architecture and construction. One of the foremost scholars of the last decades, her pioneering research has offered important insights not only into individual structures in central Italy but also into the processes involved in creating ancient buildings. Her approach has provided important conceptual frameworks that have allowed scholars to understand Roman buildings in their proper social and economic contexts. The volume collects papers from an international conference held in Janet’s honour at Wolfson College, Oxford, in January 2020. The various contributions focus on modelling the costs of construction over the course of 2,500 years, from Bronze Age Greece to the early Middle Ages. They discuss both broader issues of methodology and particular case studies, with particular attention to the effort needed in the different steps of architectural creation, such as the exploitation of raw materials (e.g. quarries), transport, and the construction processes on building sites. The papers not only cover a wide chronological and geographical area of the ancient world but also take up many of the themes explored by Janet throughout her career on Roman architecture, urbanism, building technologies, materials, and the principles of design. The wide range of papers reflects the scope and vibrancy of Janet’s scholarship on Roman architecture and her enormous contribution to the discipline.Table of ContentsPreface. Visionary and Pragmatic: Studying the Nuts and Bolts of Roman Architecture – Simon Barker and Dominik Maschek ; 1. From Tenney Frank to Janet DeLaine: Roman Architecture and Economic History – Dominik Maschek ; 2. Beyond Labour Figures: The ‘Hidden’ Costs of Stoneworking and their Application in Architectural Energetics – Simon J. Barker and Ben Russell ; 3. Reconstructing the Construction Process in Hispania: Epigraphy as a Source – Santiago Sánchez de la Parra Pérez ; 4. Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimating the Value of Roman Construction Projects – Grzegorz Jan Blicharz ; 5. Demolitions, Collapses, and the Control of the Housing Market in Rome – Marguerite Ronin ; 6. La construcción del poder omeya. Recursos, costes y ciclo productivo arquitectónico de Madīnat al-Zahrā’ (The Construction of the Umayyad Power. Resources, Costs and Architectural Production Cycle of Madīnat al-Zahrā’) – Eneko Lopez-Marigorta and Christopher Courault ; 7. How to Define the ‘Status’ of Stonemasons Employed in a Rock-Hewn Worksite in the Medieval Period: Reflexions and Hypotheses – Anaïs Lamesa and Michael Gervers ; 8. The Energetics of Earth and Turf Construction in the Roman World – J. Riley Snyder, Ben Russell, Tanja Romankiewicz, Christopher T.S. Beckett ; 9. Quarrying Megaliths in Heliopolis Baalbek (Lebanon) The Jupiter Temple and the Hajjar al Hibla Quarry – Jeanine Abdul Massih ; 10. Quarrying at Mons Claudianus Costs and Time as Organisational Concerns (?) – Alfred M. Hirt ; 11. From Extraction to Transport: Technical and Management Aspects of Quarries of Building Stone – Anna Gutiérrez Garcia-M. ; 12. L’evoluzione costruttiva della “parte alta” di Tarraco in epoca romana: alcune osservazioni sulla costruzione del cosiddetto Foro Provinciale – Maria Serena Vinci ; 13. Labouring and Its Costs During the Aegean Late Bronze Age – Ann Brysbaert ; 14. Building Accounts, Monumental Construction Projects and Labour Rates in the Classical and Hellenistic Periods – Jari Pakkanen ; 15. On Toolmarks, Sequence of Carving and Labour Quantification in Roman Stone Carving: The Case of Heroon III at Miletus – Natalia Toma ; 16. Il Peristilio Inferiore della oDomus Augustanao sul Palatino: organizzazione del lavoro e calcolo dei costi di un’impresa imperiale – Francesca Caprioli, Alessandro Mortera, Patrizio Pensabene, Javier Á. Domingo ; 17. Quantifying the Forum of Pompeii: Building Economics, Material, and Labour – Cathalin Recko ; 18. Pompeian Wall Painting in Figures: Labour and Materials – Francesca Bologna ; 19. The Amphitheatres of Regio X –Venetia et Histria: The Impact of Stone Supplying Cost on Ancient Construction Processes – Caterina Previato ; 20. Templi romani giganteschi in Asia Minore: Problemi di costi e di finanziamento – Paolo Barresi ; 21. Diocletian’s Mausoleum in the Imperial Palace of Split. A Review of Its Architecture and an Estimate of Its Financial Cost. – Javier Á. Domingo and Daniela Matetić Poljak

Read more less

Book SynopsisHunting and fishing in the Neolithic and Eneolithic explores the extent of hunting and fishing activities, their role and importance in subsistence and also their place in social relations. The book contains 13 papers on hunting and fishing techniques, weapons and prey in the area from Anatolia to the Gibraltar region. The range of topics includes technological, typological and functional analyses of weapons used, analyses of hunting and fishing strategies and techniques, and zooarchaeological analyses of the role of hunted fauna in the economy and other aspects of lives of the past communities. Papers include specific case studies as well as syntheses of wider data sets and provide the latest methodological and theoretical perspectives on the role of hunting and fishing in early agricultural societies.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe walled town of Baraqish in interior Yemen ancient Yathill of the Sabaeans and Minaeans was for Alessandro de Maigret (1943-2011) one of the archaeological marvels not just of Yemen, but of the entire Near East'. Established as an oasis settlement in the semi-desert depression of the Jawf, it became in the 1st millennium BCE a thriving caravan station on the incense' route and a famed place of worship, controlled by rich rulers and merchants. Topography and trade made it a crucible of South Arabian and foreign traditions, and on several occasions, it was a border town disputed between rival powers. A sustained archaeological effort to investigate the site and area began in 1986 by the Italian Archaeological Mission, led by de Maigret, and developed in two phases. In 1989-1992 the temple of the patron god was excavated, while between 2003-2007 a range of new excavations were undertaken, including a second temple, a sounding, a dissection of the tell''s edge outside the Minaean wall, and a cemetery.Presented across two volumes, Volume 1: Excavations of Temple B and related research and restoration is particularly devoted to the temple of god ?Athtar dhu-Qab? (Temple B), dated to the second half of the 1st millennium BCE. Six chapters fully illustrate its excavation, architecture, restoration, findings, inscriptions, and dating. The contribution of this work and monument to regional history transcends its local significance. The report is framed by ten chapters detailing the historiography of research on Baraqish, the initial surveys carried out in 1986-1987, the architecture and restoration of Temple A together with the extramural excavation at the adjacent curtain wall, the cultic equipment, and radiocarbon datings. The nine contributors are leading scholars in the above fields and include recognized experts in South Arabian archaeology.The core of Volume 2: Extramural excavations in Area C and overview studies is a final report on Area C, an exploratory dissection through the western edge of the Baraqish mound outside the curtain wall, and a unique operation for Yemen until now. Eight chapters detail the excavation, stratigraphy, and geoarchaeology (from about 800 BCE to the present), in addition to radiocarbon chronology, cultural finds, animal and plant remains, economy, major historical events, and unique evidence for trade. Four further chapters offer a glimpse of settlement archaeology for Sabaean Yathill and the survey of a religious centre to the west, together with a first typology of Minaean pottery and an epigraphic and political-historical overview for Baraqish and the Jawf. The contributors are recognized experts in South Arabian archaeology.

Read more less

Book SynopsisA Biography of Power explores the changing nature of power and identity from the Iron Age to Roman period in Britain. Presenting detailed excavation results and integrating a range of comprehensive specialist studies, the book provides fresh insights into the origins and nature of one of the lesser-known, but perhaps most significant, Late Iron Age oppida in Britain: Bagendon in Gloucestershire. Combining the results of a large-scale geophysical survey with analysis of both historic and new excavations, this volume reassesses Iron Age occupation at Bagendon. It reveals evidence for diverse artisanal activities and complex regional exchange networks that saw livestock, and people, travelling to Bagendon from west of the Severn. The results of the excavation of two morphologically unusual, banjo-like enclosures, and of one of the previously unexamined dykes, has revealed that the Bagendon oppidum had earlier origins and more complex roles than previously envisaged. The volume also provides new insights into the nature of the Iron Age and Roman landscape in which Bagendon was situated. Detailing the discovery of two, previously unknown, Roman villas at Bagendon demonstrates the continued significance of this landscape in the early Roman province. This volume redefines Bagendon as a landscape of power, offering important insights into the changing nature of societies from the Middle Iron Age to the Roman period. It calls for a radical reassessment of how we define oppida complexes and their socio-political importance at the turn of the 1st millennium BC. Contains contributions from Sophia Adams, Michael J. Allen, Sam Bithell, Cameron Clegg, Geoffrey Dannell, Lorne Elliott, Elizabeth Foulds, Freddie Foulds, Christopher Green, Darren Gröcke, Derek Hamilton, Colin Haselgrove, Yvonne Inall, Tina Jakob, Mandy Jay, Sally Kellett, Robert Kenyon, Mark Landon, Edward McSloy, Janet Montgomery, J.A. Morley-Stone, Geoff Nowell, Charlotte O’Brien, Chris Ottley, Cynthia Poole, Richard Reece, Harry Robson, Ruth Shaffrey, John Shepherd, Jane Timby, Dirk Visser, D.F. Williams, Steven Willis.Trade Review'...the excavation results and then the wider discussions are synergetic and demonstrate that the Bagendon project's methodology of a landscape approach is a powerful tool in developing an understanding of the change and continuity that underlies the mechanisms of power and place in the dynamic socio-political landscape of the Late Iron Age and Early Roman interlude. This is a major personal and academic achievement for Tom Moore and for the many organisations who enabled the individual stages of the work through the 'mosaic' funding.' -- Tim Copeland * Bristol & Gloucestershire Archaeological Society *‘…this is a significant publication that adds much to our growing understanding of developing social complexity, identity and power during the Late Iron Age in Britain.’ – Oliver Davis (2022): The Prehistoric Society, March 2022'..."A Biography of Power" is an exemplary template for comprehensive studies of the oppidum of Bagendon, the quality of which future research must be measured against. The accumulated expertise, good readability and the numerous high-quality illustrations will certainly contribute to the fact that this site will also attract more international attention.' – Katja Winger (2021): Germania 99Table of ContentsSummary ; Acknowledgements ; Chapter 1: Research at Bagendon ; Chapter 2: The wider Bagendon complex: remote sensing surveys 2008-2016 ; Chapter 3: Before the ‘oppidum’: Excavations at Scrubditch and Cutham enclosures ; Chapter 4: Revisiting Late Iron Age Bagendon ; Chapter 5: After the ‘oppidum’. Excavations at Black Grove ; Chapter 6: Iron Age and Roman ceramics ; Chapter 7: Brooches ; Chapter 8: Metalwork ; Chapter 9: An analytical study of the Iron Age bloomery slag ; Chapter 10: Coinage ; Chapter 11: Coin moulds ; Chapter 12: Miscellaneous material ; Chapter 13: Radiocarbon dates and Bayesian analysis ; Chapter 14: Dating the Roman fort at Cirencester ; Chapter 15: Human Remains ; Chapter 16: Faunal Remains ; Chapter 17: Isotopic analysis of human and animal remains ; Chapter 18: The plant and invertebrate remains (1979-2017) ; Chapter 19: Putting the Bagendon complex into its landscape setting: the geoarchaeological and land snail evidence ; Chapter 20: Viewsheds and Least Cost analysis of the Bagendon complex and its environs ; Chapter 21: Geophysical survey at Hailey Wood Camp, Sapperton, Gloucestershire ; Chapter 22: Geophysical survey at Stratton Meadows, Stratton, Gloucestershire ; Chapter 23: Becoming the Dobunni? Landscape change in the Bagendon environs from the Early Iron Age to AD 150 ; Chapter 24: The Bagendon complex: a biography ; Chapter 25: Conclusions and future prospects ; Bibliography

Read more less

Book SynopsisUrbanism of Roman Siscia: Interpretation of historical and modern maps, drawings and plans presents a comprehensive picture of the structure of Roman Siscia. The information has been obtained from the processing of the data from every archaeological excavation, and the analysis and interpretation of all available historical and modern documents. The position of Siscia at the confluence of the rivers Sava, Kupa and Odra below the present-day town of Sisak, is documented in the antique literary sources and in cartography through the Middle Ages, to modern times, when the site became the subject of archaeological excavations beginning in the second part of the 19th century. In the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, the basic outline of Roman Siscia was identified with town walls, public buildings, shrines, water supply system, cemeteries and the main roads that connected the city with other Roman towns. An older settlement, Segestica, dating from prehistory, was identified on the right bank of the Kupa River. The excavations carried out from the 1950s to 1990s were connected with the construction of the infrastructure and development of modern Sisak. These excavations confirmed the basic elements of the perimeter and urban elements of Roman Siscia: a Roman ditch and the town wall were discovered in several places, as well as an orthogonal street network, public buildings, houses, and other elements of the Roman city. This volume provides a comprehensive starting point for all future work on the Roman city.Trade Review'T. Lolić’s book can be considered a fundamental work for the study of Pannonian cities. The author presents the urban structure of Siscia, its layout and the buildings investigating so far, based on the completeness of the data. We can only praise the research that has been carried out in the difficult conditions of urban excavation, since the modern city was built on the site of the Roman colonia. The work presents important stages of the urban development of Siscia well documented, with a series of colour photographs.' – Dénes Gabler (2023): Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 74Table of ContentsForeword ; 1. Introduction ; 2. Location and urban topography of siscia according to literary sources ; 3. History of the archaeological research ; 3.1. Excavations in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century ; 3.2. Archaeological research in the period 1945–1979 ; 3.3. Archaeological research in the period 1980–2020 ; 3.4. Similar works (syntheses) ; 4. Cartographic sources ; 4.1. Classical and medieval cartography featuring symbolical depictions of Siscia ; 4.2. Cartography of Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli ; 4.3. Cartography in the 18th to 20th centuries ; 5. Archaeological interpretation ; 5.1. Block 1: Bana Jelačića Sq.–V. Nazora Promenade–S. S. Kranjčevića St ; 5.2. Block 2: S. S. Kranjčevića St–A. i S. Radića St–I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St– Rimska St–Šetnica ; 5.3. Block 3: A. i S. Radića St–S. S. Kranjčevića St – I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St-A. Starčevića St ; 5.4. Block 4: A. i S. Radića St–A. Starčevića St–I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St–F. Lovrića St ; 5.5. Block 5: I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St–A. i S. Radića St–Matije Gupca St–Ljudevita Posavskog Sq ; 5.6. Block 6: A. i S. Radića St–I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St–A. Starčevića St–Ljudevita Posavskog Sq.–Matije Gupca St ; 5.7. Block 7: A Starčevića St– I. Kukuljevića Sakcinskog St– Matije Gupca St–F. Lovrića St ; 5.8. Block 8: Rimska St–Matije Gupca St–Ljudevita Posavskog Sq.–A. i S. Radića St–Frankopanska St ; 5.9. Block 9: A. i S. Radića St–Ljudevita Posavskog Sq.–A. Starčevića St–Matije Gupca St– Frankopanska St ; 5.10. Block 10: A. Starčevića St–Frankopanska St–Matije Gupca St– F. Lovrića St ; 5.11. Block 11: Frankopanska St–Rimska St–N. Šipuša St–Biskupa Kvirina St ; 5.12. Block 12: Kralja Zvonimira St–N. Šipuša St–F. Hefelea St–Biskupa Kvirina St–the Segestica factory premises ; 5.13. Block 13: the Kupa River from the Odra Bridge to the Old Bridge ; 5.14. Block 14: Pogorelec (the right bank of the Kupa)–the Old Bridge–J. J. Strossmayera St–the New Bridge ; 5.15. Block 15: Sisak Novi, J. J. Strossmayera St–A. Cesarca St–I. Gundulića St ; 5.16. Block 16: Pogorelec, the west part ; 6. Conclusion ; 6.1. Modern context of the site, the state of research and documentation ; 6.2. Early development of the urban area of Siscia ; 6.3. Developed town matrix of the Flavian period ; 6.4. Development of administrative and public functions during Antonine dynasty ; 6.5. The status of Siscia and major construction projects in the period of Severan dynasty ; 6.6. The capital of the Roman province of Pannonia Savia ; Literary sources ; Bibliography

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis volume presents the entire assemblage of fine wares (terra sigillata, lamps and thin-walled wares) from Ammaia, a Roman and Late Antique town located in the hinterland of southern Lusitania (presently in Portuguese territory). Despite its distance from the Atlantic coast, Ammaia took advantage of its proximity to Augusta Emerita, the capital of Lusitania. This aspect is particularly strong between c. AD 50 and c. AD 150, when the local market imported large quantities of fine wares from the capital. The Late Antique phase reveals a balanced capacity of importation at Ammaia, whose fine wares, essentially related to terra sigillata, were provided by wares from northern Hispania (Douro and Ebro valleys) and North Africa (Tunisia). Moreover, recent research at Ammaia has provided excellent stratigraphic contexts dated to between c. AD 50 and c. AD 150, crucial for the understanding of the chronological evolution of Italian, South-Gaulish and Hispanic terra sigillata. In the final chapter, the author undertakes a wide-ranging analysis of southern Lusitania with regard to the consumption of fine wares and amphorae. Several chronological phases have been established, based on stratigraphic and typological evidence, for the period between c. AD 50 and c. AD 550: that is the Early Empire (from the Claudio-Neronian period onwards) and its transition into the Late Roman period and the post-Roman phase. In the final sub-chapters, this analysis focuses on the problematic 5th century and up to the latest Lusitanian stratigraphic evidence of around the middle of the 6th century AD.Table of ContentsIntroduction et remerciements ; 1. Le site et son cadre ; 2. Critères de présentation de la céramique fine. Contribution pour la détermination des groupes techniques de parois fines et de lampes ; 3. Contextes stratigraphiques et secteurs ; productions et quantifications ; 4. Typologie : origines, formes, quantifications et tendances ; 5. L’évolution du commerce de céramiques fines (sigillées, parois fines et lampes) et de la céramique culinaire africaine à Ammaia : un essai de systématisation chronologique et de compréhension des voies de circulation (milieu du Ier s. – milieu du VIe siècle) ; 6. Conclusions ; 7. Sources et bibliographie

Read more less

Book SynopsisStudies on the Palaeolithic of Western Eurasia presents the papers from Sessions XVII-4 and XVII-6 of the 18th UISPP World congress (Paris, June 2018). The geographic areas discussed in the Session 4, Central and Eastern Europe, are prehistorically strongly articulated, their cultural successions are highly similar, and they share several common archaeological issues for investigation. The papers disseminate a wealth of archaeological data from Bavaria to the Russian Plain, and discuss Aurignacian, Gravettian, Epigravettian, and Magdalenian perspectives on lithic tool kits and animal remains. The papers of Session 6 are concerned with lithic raw material procurement in the Caucasus and in three areas of the Iberian peninsula.Table of ContentsList of Figures ; Part I: Session XVII-4. The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe ; The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe – György Lengyel, Jarosław Wilczyński ; The riddle in the middle – insights into the Bavarian Magdalenian – Amira Adaileh ; Epigravettian in the area north of Sudetes: a case study from the site Sowin 7, SW Poland – Andrzej Wiśniewski, Bernadeta Kufel-Diakowska, Cyprian Kozyra, Marcin Chłoń, Zofia Różok, and Antonín Přichystal ; Upper Gravettian site cluster in Lubná (Czech Republic) – Petr Šída ; Les occupations de plein air du Paléolithique supérieurà la périphérie des Carpates roumaines – Alain Tuffreau, Roxana Dobrescu et Sanda Balescu ; So many caves, so little time: a preliminary report from a western Romanian karst survey – Wei Chu, Adrian Doboș, Scott D. McLin ; New fieldwork at Mitoc-Malu Galben (Romania): An overview of the 2013 to 2016 excavations – Philip R Nigst, Timothée Libois, Tansy Branscombe, Marjolein D. Bosch, Paul Haesaerts, Vasile Chirica, Pierre Noiret ; The cultural dynamics of Upper Paleolithic to the East of the Carpathians reflected by the characteristics of the Bistrița Valley settlements (Romania), with special focus on the occupations from Poiana Cireșului site – Elena-Cristina Nițu, Marin Cârciumaru, Nejma Goutas, Ovidiu Cîrstina, Adrian Nicolae, Florin Ionuț Lupu, Marian Leu ; Zooarchaeological analyzes of the faunal remains of the upper layer of Climăuţi II (Republic of Moldova) – Laëtitia Demay, Teodor Obadă, Sergei Covalenco, Pierre Noiret, Stéphane Péan, Marylène Patou-Mathis ; The revision of the Gravettian sequence in the Kostenki-Borshchevo locality in the river Don basin (Russia) – Sergey Lisitsyn ; Industries of the end of Upper Palaeolithic in the south of Russian plain (northeastern Azov Sea region) and the Northern Caucasus – Liubov V. Golovanova, Vladimir B. Doronichev, Ekaterina V. Doronicheva, Andrey G. Nedomolkin ; Part II: Session XVII-6. Lithic raw materials procurement during the upper Palaeolithic from Eurasia. Traditional approaches and contributions from the Archaeometry ; Foreword – Marta Sánchez de la Torre, Xavier Mangado, Josep Maria Fullola ; Procurement and exploitation of lithic raw materials in the Middle Palaeolithic of the North-Central Caucasus (Preliminary results) – E.V. Doronicheva, M.S. Shackley, M.A. Kulkova ; First data on the characterisation of siliceous raw materials and the catchment areas from Cova de les Malladetes (Valencia, Spain) – Aleix Eixea, Álvaro Martínez-Alfaro, Miguel Ángel Bel, Clodoaldo Roldán, Sonia Murcia, David Vie, Alfred Sanchis, Valentín Villaverde ; Raw material procurement at Abrigo do Poço Rock shelter (Central Portugal) – Pereira, Eduardo Paixão, Marina Évora, João Marreiros, David Nora, Patrícia Monteiro, Sandra Assis, Vânia Carvalho, Trenton Holliday ; Multi-method study of a Pyrenean lithological tracer and its presence in the Magdalenian of Cova del Parco and Forcas I rock shelter (NE Iberia) – Marta Sánchez de La Torre, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Stéphan Dubernet, Bernard Gratuze, Xavier Mangado, Pilar Utrilla, Josep Maria Fullola ; Author’s list

Read more less

Book SynopsisReligious Practice and Cultural Construction of Animal Worship in Egypt from the Early Dynastic to the New Kingdom presents an articulated historical interpretation of Egyptian ‘animal worship’ – intended as a segment of religious practice focused on the mobilisation of selected animals within strategically designed ritual contexts – from the Early Dynastic to the New Kingdom, and offers a new understanding of its chronological development through a fresh review of pertinent archaeological and textual data. The goal is twofold: (1) to re-conceptualise the notion of ‘animal worship’ on firm theoretical and material bases, reassessing its heuristic value as a tool for analysis; (2) to demonstrate, accordingly, that ‘animal worship’ did not represent a late degeneration of traditional religion, socially (popular cult) and thematically (animal mummies and burials) restricted, but a complex domain of religious practice with a longer history and a larger variety of configurations than usually assumed.Trade Review'...Colonna has provided readers with an authoritative compilation of data pertaining to animals in cult practice from the Early Dynastic through the New Kingdom and, given the limited nature of the evidence, has made a heroic effort to explore the role(s) of animals in the cults of the ancient Egyptians.' – Salima Ikram (2023): Current World Archaeology 112Table of ContentsPreface and Acknowledgements ; 1. Introducing Animal Worship ; Animal worship and ancient Egyptian religion: articulation of the problem ; Thesis, goals, and limitations of the present study ; History of research and status quaestionis ; Theory and methodology ; Presenting the Evidence ; 2. The Early Dynastic ; Royal evidence ; Titles and personal names ; The Classical tradition ; Summary ; 3. The Old Kingdom ; Royal and temple evidence ; Private inscriptions: titles and biographies ; Personal names ; Funerary domains ; Pyramid Texts ; Architectural evidence ; Summary ; 4. From the First Intermediate Period to the Middle Kingdom ; Titles ; Private inscriptions ; Personal names ; Coffin Texts ; Summary ; 5. The New Kingdom ; The Apis bull at Memphis ; The Mnevis bull at Heliopolis ; The ‘Fish-stelae’ from Mendes ; The fish necropolis at Gurob ; The ‘Salakhana Trove’ at Asyut ; Bulls in the Theban region ; The ‘Crocodile-stelae’ from Sumenu ; The inscribed jar fragment Munich Ä 1383 ; Synthesis and Reconstruction ; 6. Modelling Animal Worship ; Introduction: etic and emic ; The etic perspective: single and multiple animals ; The emic perspective: Egyptian concepts and modes of predication ; The sacralisation of the animals: a ritual and semantic process ; Reconfiguring ‘animal worship’: practice, display, history ; Conclusions ; Bibliography ; Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Watlington Hoard was discovered in southern Oxfordshire in 2015 by a metal-detectorist, and acquired by the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford in 2017. A nationally-important find of coinage and metalwork, and the first major Viking-Age hoard from the county, it dates from the late 870s, a fundamental and tumultuous period in Britain’s history. The contents of the hoard include a highly significant collection of over 200 silver pennies, mostly of Alfred the Great, king of Wessex, and Ceolwulf II, king of Mercia, transforming our understanding of the coinage in this period, and 23 silver and gold pieces of contemporary metalwork much of which was derived from Scandinavia. Presenting the complete publication of the objects and coins in the Watlington Hoard – including an important re-assessment of the coinage of the late 870s – the authors discuss its wider implications for our understanding of hoarding in late 9th-century southern Britain, interactions between the kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia, and the movements of the Viking Great Army after the Battle of Edington in 878. The book also relates another side to the hoard’s story, beginning with its discovery and excavation, charting its path through the conservation work and acquisition by the Ashmolean Museum to the public outreach projects which ran alongside the scholarly research into the hoard.Trade Review'This is an impressive volume, which demonstrates the value of collaboration between archaeologists, heritage professionals, and responsible metal-detectorists.' – Murray Andrews (2023): Current Archaeology Issue 394'On many different levels this volume on the Watlington Hoard is significant for Anglo-Saxon studies, containing interesting papers which are well-supported by numerous photographs, maps, and tables to aid interpretation.' – Barbara Yorke (2023): Oxoniensia Vol. 88'This excellent volume provides thereby an important contribution to our growing understanding of the Viking Great Army.' – Julian Richards (2023): Medieval Archaeology vol 67.1 Table of ContentsForeword – Xa Sturgis, Director of the Ashmolean Museum ; Chapter 1 Introduction ; Chapter 2 The Watlington Hoard uncovered: from discovery to acquisition and beyond ; Chapter 3 The archaeology and landscape of the Upper Thames Valley in the 9th century – John Naylor ; Chapter 4 Oxfordshire, Wessex, and Mercia in the Age of Alfred the Great – Ryan Lavelle ; Chapter 5 The coinage of Wessex and Mercia, c.875–79: a re-assessment of the Two Emperors and Cross-and-Lozenge types – John Naylor ; Chapter 6 The coins of the Watlington Hoard – John Naylor with a contribution by Simon Coupland ; Chapter 7 The non-numismatic objects of the Watlington hoard – Jane Kershaw ; Chapter 8 Money in southern England in the 870s in the light of the Watlington hoard – Julian Baker ; Chapter 9 The Watlington Hoard in Context – John Naylor ; Catalogue 1 The non-numismatic objects – Compiled and edited by Eleanor Standley ; Catalogue 2 The coins – John Naylor ; Appendix 1 A revised checklist of finds of Two Emperors and Cross-and-Lozenge type coins – Compiled by John Naylor ; Appendix 2 A visual summary guide to the classification of the Two Emperors and Cross-and-Lozenge type pennies – John Naylor ; Appendix 3 The moneyers of the Two Emperors and Cross-and-Lozenge type pennies ; Appendix 4 Concordance table showing the spellings of moneyer’s names ; Bibliography

Read more less

Book SynopsisIron Age and Roman settlement at Highflyer Farm, Ely, Cambridgeshire presents the results of archaeological work carried out by MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) at Highflyer Farm in 2018. Remains dating from the Neolithic to the post-medieval period were recorded, with most of the activity occurring between the early Iron Age and late Roman periods. Excavations in 2000 at Prickwillow Road, undertaken directly to the south of Highflyer Farm, had recorded the southern extent of this Iron Age to Roman settlement. Two features, a pit and a posthole, were dated to the late Neolithic to early Bronze Age. In the 5th to 4th centuries BC a small open early Iron Age settlement was established and was at the lower end of the settlement hierarchy, perhaps occupied by a single family or a seasonal group. In the middle Iron Age, there was a well-planned linear settlement split into three main sections, which consisted of a similar large rounded enclosure at its northern and southern extent, both probably domestic. A complex sub-rectangular arrangement of enclosures and boundaries lay within the centre, a roughly equal distance apart from the circular enclosures. In the late Iron Age and then the early Roman periods, a significant reorganisation of the site occurred with successive enclosures and rectilinear field systems established. In the middle Roman period, the settlement was reorganised around three routeways with two distinct areas of linked paddocks and compartmentalised enclosures. There were three probable different separate areas of domestic activity, including a rectangular posthole structure centrally located in the main enclosure system. It is possible that there was significant export and trade of livestock occurring from this relatively wealthy settlement with cattle dominating. The routeway system continued into the later Roman period though the number of enclosures reduced. On balance, it is more likely the Roman settlement finished in the late 4th century, but an early 5th-century date should not be ruled out. Post-Roman activity was sparser, with a single sunken feature building identified as well as a waterhole and a few other features dated to the 5th and/or 6th century. Includes contributions by Sander Aerts, Rob Atkins, Paul Blinkhorn, Andy Chapman, Chris Chinnock, Nina Crummy, Mary Ellen Crothers, Rebecca Gordon, Tora Hylton, Sarah Percival, Adam Sutton and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray. Illustrations by Sofia Turk.Trade Review'This well-produced collaborative volume (with 12 subsidiary authors and two illustrators) presents - very timeously - the results of the 2018 excavation of c.4.5ha of development land on the outskirts of Ely. While intermittent use is attested from the late Neolithic, the periods dominantly represented extend from the middle Iron Age to the late Roman/early Saxon eras.' – Ian Ralston (2022): Current Archaeology #384 Table of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction ; Project background ; Location, topography and geology ; Historical and archaeological background ; Archaeological work within the area ; Site phasing of the present mitigation ; Chapter 2 The archaeological evidence ; Period 1: Late Neolithic to early Bronze Age (3000 BC to 2000 BC) ; Period 2: Early Iron Age (600 BC to 400 BC) ; Period 3: Middle Iron Age (400 BC-100 BC) ; Period 4: Late Iron Age (100 BC-AD 50) ; Period 5: Early Roman (AD 50-AD 150) ; Period 6: Middle Roman (AD 150-AD 300) ; Period 7: Late Roman (AD 300-late 4th century) ; Period 8: Latest Roman (Up to a least AD 400?) ; Period 9: Early Saxon ; Period 10: Late Saxon to medieval ; Period 11: Post- medieval and modern ; Undated features ; Chapter 3 Finds ; Worked Flint – Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Early Prehistoric pottery – Sarah Percival ; Iron Age and Roman pottery – Adam Sutton ; Post-Roman pottery – Paul Blinkhorn ; Brooches and coins – Nina Crummy ; Other finds – Tora Hylton ; The glass – Claire Finn ; Tile/brick – Rob Atkins Fired Clay including kiln material and loomweights – Mary Ellen Crothers ; Millstone and Querns – Andy Chapman ; Metalworking debris – Andy Chapman ; Chapter 4 Human, faunal and environmental evidence ; Human remains – Chris Chinnock ; Animal bone – Rebecca Gordon ; Plant macrofossil remains – Sander Aerts ; Marine shell remains – Sander Aerts ; Radiocarbon dating ; Chapter 5 Discussion – Rob Atkins and James Fairclough ; Overview ; Period 1: Late Neolithic to early Bronze Age ; Period 2: Early Iron Age ; Period 3: Middle Iron Age (c400 BC-100 BC) ; Period 4: Late Iron Age (c100 BC-cAD 50) ; Period 5: Early Roman (AD 50-150) ; Period 6: Middle Roman (AD 150-300) ; Period 7: Late Roman (cAD 300-late 4th century) ; Period 8: Latest Roman (Up to a least AD 400?) ; Period 9: Early Saxon ; Bibliography

Read more less

Book SynopsisMOLA (formerly Northamptonshire Archaeology) undertook archaeological excavations at Stanground South between September 2007 and November 2009 on behalf of Persimmon Homes (East Midlands) Ltd and in accordance with a programme of works designed and overseen by CgMs Heritage. The site is situated on the south-eastern outskirts of Peterborough, on glacial tills overlooking along the Fen edge. The works comprised five areas of set-piece excavation and a series of strip map and record areas, targeted on areas of archaeological potential identified by previous evaluation works. In total, an area of 70ha was subject to archaeological mitigation. The excavations recorded archaeological remains dating from the Bronze Age to the medieval period. The earliest features comprised four burnt mounds dating to the early Bronze Age, one of which was associated with two superimposed buildings and a small group of up to six cremations. In the middle Bronze Age there was a substantial unenclosed cemetery (urnfield) comprising 78 cremations (as well as a further possible three outlying cremations to the urnfield). In the late Bronze Age/early Iron Age a substantial droveway, up to 65m wide, was constructed leading northwards from the Fen edge to higher ground. A series of post-built roundhouses were later constructed within the confines of the droveway. In the middle Iron Age, the droveway was partitioned to form a series of enclosures, within one of which a settlement was established adjacent to the Fen edge. This included roundhouses and a number of two-post and four-post structures. In the later Iron Age, an enclosed settlement had developed to the north-west. This comprised several roundhouses within a substantial rectangular enclosure, which was open at its southern end. It appears that this began as an unenclosed site, which was later enclosed. Removal of cattle horn for working may have been occurring. In the Roman period (2nd and late 4th centuries AD) a series of small enclosures were constructed on the eastern side of the later Iron Age enclosed settlement. These contained structures and features apparently associated with rural industry, which may have also exported surplus to market. Industries including the processing of hide, late Roman cheese making (with seven presses recovered), late Roman pottery production and some metalworking. The economy of the site from the later Bronze Age onwards was focussed on pastoralism, with limited evidence for grain cultivation. During the Roman period, this seems to have specialised further towards dairy farming. The environment of the site seems to have undergone little change from the later Bronze Age, being largely open with areas of woodland and wetter areas. Peat growth during the Iron Age resulted in the covering of some of the Bronze Age features. During the medieval period, large portions of the site were given over to open field cultivation, evidenced by the remains of ridge and furrow cultivation. The area was partitioned in the post-medieval period by the construction of a series of drainage ditches, which form the basis of the current field pattern.Table of ContentsSummary ; Chapter 1: Introduction ; Location, topography and geology – by WA Boismier, Steve Critchley and Helen Keeley ; Planning background – by WA Boismier and Rebecca Casa-Hatton ; Investigation Strategies – by WA Boismier, Ed Taylor and Yvonne Wolframm Murray ; Archive Location – by Theodora Anastasidou and Tora Hylton ; Site phasing – by WA Boismier ; Chapter 2: The archaeological evidence ; Period 1: Early prehistoric activity (Mesolithic to early Bronze Age) – by Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Period 2: Bronze and early Iron Age – by WA Boismier, Ed Taylor and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Period 3: Middle to late Iron Age – by WA Boismier, Ed Taylor and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Period 4: Roman – by Ed Taylor and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Period 5: Medieval to post-medieval – by Ed Taylor and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Chapter 3: Finds ; Worked Flint – by Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Worked Flint from burnt mounds – by W.A. Boismier ; The Bronze Age pottery – by Andy Chapman ; The late prehistoric and Roman pottery – by E.R. McSloy ; Roman Ceramic building material and kiln furniture – by Pat Chapman ; Plaster and mortar – by Pat Chapman ; Utilised stone – by Andy Chapman ; Metalworking debris and fuel ash slag – by Andy Chapman ; Small finds – by Tora Hylton with Ian Meadows and Don Mackreth ; Possible fired clay artefacts – by Pat Chapman ; Chapter 4: Human, faunal and environmental evidence ; Human remains – by Anwen Caffell and Malin Holst ; Mammal, bird, fish, amphibian and reptile bones – by Philip L. Armitage ; Charcoal – by Dana Challinor ; Waterlogged wood – by Michael Bamford with contributions from Maise Taylor ; Pollen – by C.R. Batchelor ; Mollusca – by Karen Deighton ; Chapter 5: Discussion – by WA Boismier, Ed Taylor, Rob Atkins, Philip Armitage, Val Fryer and Yvonne Wolframm-Murray ; Introduction ; Settlement chronology ; Bibliography

Read more less

Book SynopsisFlint Procurement and Exploitation Strategies in the Late Lower Paleolithic Levant examines twelve lithic assemblages from Qesem Cave. Potential flint sources were located, petrographic thin sections of archaeological and geologic samples were studied, and a geochemical analysis was performed. The results show that flint from local Turonian sources was often brought to the cave, forming most of the identified flint. Flint from non-Turonian geologic origins was also used in noteworthy proportions, in specific typotechnological categories. The availability of desired flints around the cave, highly suitable for the production of the commonly-used blades, as well as for the production of other tools, probably played a role in the decision to settle there. The notable proportions of non-Turonian flint types, a pattern that repeats itself through time, demonstrate consistency in accessing sources containing non-local flint, implying the existence of knowledge transmission mechanisms concerning the distribution of sources and the suitability of specific flint types for the production of specific blanks/tools.Trade Review'...this book is another important piece of the puzzle in our effort to reconstruct the lithic landscape of the southern Levant and, with its abundant illustrations, it therefore is an important reference work.' – Christophe Delage (2023): Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies Volume 11, Issue 1Table of ContentsList of Figures ; List of Tables ; Acknowledgments ; Introduction ; Introduction ; The archaeological contexts ; The Acheulo-Yabrudian cultural complex ; Qesem Cave ; Geological background ; Archaeological raw material studies ; Materials and Methods ; Materials ; Methods ; The Blind Test Evaluation ; Blind test evaluation of consistency in macroscopic lithic raw material sorting ; The rationale behind the blind test ; The blind test – materials and methods ; Blind test results ; The significance of the blind test ; Conclusions and implication of the blind test ; Data Analysis ; Results ; The potential flint sources ; Petrographic data ; Geochemical analysis ; The assignment of the QC flint types to potential geologic origins ; Data analysis ; Discussion and Conclusions ; Appendix ; The QC flint types ; The QC groups of flint types ; The identified potential flint sources ; References

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe frontiers of the Roman empire together form the largest monument of one of the world’s greatest states. They stretch for some 7,500km through 20 countries which encircle the Mediterranean Sea. The remains of these frontiers have been studied by visitors and later by archaeologists for several centuries. Many of the inscriptions and sculpture, weapons, pottery and artefacts created and used by the soldiers and civilians who lived on the frontier can be seen in museums. Equally evocative of the lost might of Rome are the physical remains of the frontiers themselves. The aim of this series of books is not only to inform the interested visitor about the history of the frontiers but to act as a guidebook as well. The Roman military remains of Egypt are remarkable in their variety and in their state of preservation. They deserve to be better known. They include forts, quarries under the authority of the army and whose materials were used in the monumental buildings of Rome, as well as the roads which crossed the desert landscape and brought the Mediterranean into con¬tact with the Indian Ocean. It is hoped that each reader of this book will enjoy learning more about the remarkable Roman inheritance of Egypt. The full text is presented side-by-side dual-language in English and French.Table of ContentsFRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Foreword by David J. Breeze and Michel Reddé ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman empire ; The Roman empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; THE ROMAN FRONTIERS IN EGYPT ; The garrison ; The distribution of troops across the territory ; Nubia ; The mines and quarries of the Eastern Desert ; The eastern trade trails ; Towards late Antiquity ; Late Antiquity ; The army of Egypt and its frontier ; General books on frontiers ; Select bibliography for Egypt ; Illustration acknowledgements

Read more less

Book SynopsisArchaeology and History of Toraijin: Human, technological, and cultural flow from the Korean Peninsula to the Japanese Archipelago c. 800 BC–AD 600 explores the fundamental role in the history of the Japanese archipelago played by Toraijin – immigrants mainly from the Korean Peninsula – during this formative period. The arrival of immigrant rice-agriculturalists from the peninsula in the early first millennium BC was the first of three major waves of technological transfer between the continent and the islands. The second brought bronze and iron-working to the archipelago around the 4th century BC, and the third brought elite crafts and administrative technology as well as Confucianism and Buddhism in the 5th and 6th centuries AD. In light of the recently uncovered archaeological data and ancient historical records, this book presents a panoramic bird’s eye view of the fourteen centuries-long Toraijin story, from c. 800~600 BC to AD 600 or thereabouts by answering the following seven questions: Where did the Toraijin come from? What was their historical and socio-cultural background? Why did they leave their homeland? Where did they settle in the Archipelago? What did they do in the Archipelago? How did the Archipelago people treat the Toraijin? What contributions did the Toraijin make to the ancient Japanese society?Trade Review'... it is an ambitious project to cover 1400 years of the dynamic socio-cultural developments from the Bronze Age to the state formation and early states period of Korea and Japan, including the Kofun and Three Kingdoms period, with 200 pages and 60 illustrations and maps. Nevertheless, beyond any doubt, this monograph is of extraordinary value and significance as the only book in the English language focused on the role of the Toraijin in the emergence of a complex society and early state during Japan’s formative period. The scholarly/academic significance of this book may be likened to that of 'Archaeology of Ancient China' by K. C. Chang (Yale U. Press (1963, 1986) and 'Prehistory of Japan' by Higuchi and Aikens (Academic Press, 1982), which, for many decades, have exerted overwhelming influence on the international scholarly community on the understanding of Chinese and Japanese archaeology respectively.' – Prof. Gyeong-taek Kim (2021): Journal of Ancient Korean Historical Society"This is a fascinating and most comprehensive research on the important topic."– Dr Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney (2021)"This well detailed study of the toraijin should give many cause to rethink their assumptions regarding the substance and character of early relations between the peoples of Korea and Japan." – Dr Jonathan Best (2021)‘In my opinion as a historian of early Korea, the ideal target audience for Archaeology and History of Toraijin includes graduate students and professional researchers of early Korea and early Japan. For Koreanists, it is a must-read for anyone working on the archaeology, history, and legacy of the Kaya states and Paekche. For Japanologists, it should be required reading for those working on and teaching about premodern Japan.’ – Richard D. McBride II (2023): Monumenta Nipponica, MN 77:2'...this book is a must-read for anyone interested in the study of early East Asian history or in the history of Japanese-Korean relations.' – David Weiss (2023): The Journal of Japanese Studies Volume 49Table of ContentsPreface ; Introduction ; CHAPTER ONE: RICE-BEARING TORAIJIN ; I. THEIR HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND: SONGGUK-NI TYPE CULTURE OF THE PENINSULA’S MIDDLE MUMUN SOCIETY (c. 900–400 BC) ; CHAPTER TWO: BRONZE-BEARING TORAIJIN OF THE MIDDLE YAYOI (c. 350 BC–AD 50) ; CHAPTER THREE: IRON AND GLASS-BEARING TORAIJIN OF THE LATE YAYOI/ EARLY KOFUN PERIOD TORAIJIN (c. 50–350 AD) ; CHAPTER FOUR: THE MIDDLE-LATE KOFUN PERIOD TORAIJIN: IMAKI NO TEHITO (“Recently Arrived Skilled Artisans”) (c. 350–600 AD) ; CHAPTER FIVE: IMAKI NO TEHITO’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MIDDLE-LATE KOFUN SOCIETY ; COLLABORATION NOT CONQUEST ; CONCLUSIONS ; References ; INDEX

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Antonine Wall lay at the very extremity of the Roman world. For a generation, in the middle of the second century AD, it was the north-west frontier of the Roman empire. Furthermore, it was one of only three “artificial” frontiers along the European boundaries of the empire: the other two are Hadrian’s Wall and the German Limes. Although the Antonine Wall fits into the general pattern of Roman frontiers, in many ways it was the most developed frontier in Europe, with certain distinct characteristics. Perhaps of greatest significance is the survival of the collection of Roman military sculpture, the Distance Slabs. These record the lengths constructed by each legion and their relationship to the labour camps allow further conclusions to be made about the work of constructing the Antonine Wall.Table of ContentsForeword by Francesco Bandarin, Director, World Heritage Centre, UNESCO ; Preface by David J. Breeze ; FRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman empire ; The Roman empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The World Heritage Site “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; THE ANTONINE WALL ; Historical Background ; The Antonine Wall ; Research on the Antonine Wall ; Protection of the Antonine Wall ; Where to see the Antonine Wall ; Further Reading ; Illustration Acknowledgements

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe People of Early Winchester traces the lives, health, and diseases of Winchester's inhabitants as seen in their skeletal remains from the mid-third century to the mid-sixteenth century, a period of over 1,300 years. Although the populations of other British urban areas, York and London in particular, have been studied over an extended period, this volume is unique in providing a continuous chronological window, rather than a series of isolated studies. It is particularly notable for the large sample of Anglo-Saxon burials dated to the 8th - 10th centuries, which provide a bridge between the earlier Romano-British material and the later medieval samples. This study includes information on demography, physical characteristics, dental health, disease, and trauma collected from over 2,000 skeletons excavated from the Roman Cemetery at Lankhills and the Anglo-Saxon and medieval cemeteries of the Old and New Minster and Winchester Cathedral, as well as other Early Anglo-Saxon sites in neighbouring areas of Hampshire. The study establishes the underlying continuity of the population in spite of massive culture change between the Roman and Early Saxon periods, and delineates the increasing tendency to rounder skulls seen in the medieval period, a trend which is found in continental Europe at the same time. There were also significant differences through time in disease patterns and trauma. Leprosy, for example, is found only in post-Roman skeletons, while decapitations are seen only in Roman skeletons. Weapons injuries are confined to Anglo-Saxon and medieval individuals, although broken bones were common during the Roman period.Table of ContentsList of illustrations ; List of tables ; List of abbreviations ; List of references ; Part 1 Introduction – Martin Biddle and Birthe Kjølbye-Biddle ; 1:Introduction ; 2:Concept ; 3:The origin, growth, and completion of this study ; 4:The outcome: a summary ; Part 2 Romano-British Populations from Lankhills and other cemeteries in Winchester – Caroline M. Stuckert ; 1:Introduction ; 2:Demography ; 3:Physical characteristics ; 4:Dentition ; 5:Pathology ; 6:Lankhills decapitations revisited – J. L. Macdonald ; 7:Catalogue of the burials from the Lankhills 1967-72 excavations ; Part 3 The transition from Romano-British to early Anglo-Saxon in Hampshire – Caroline M. Stuckert ; 1:Introduction ; 2:Archaeological background: the Early Anglo-Saxon sites ; 3:Demography ; 4:Physical characteristics ; 5:Dentition ; 6:Discussion ; Part 4 Anglo-Saxon and medieval populations from the old and new minster and cathedral cemeteries – Theya Molleson, Rosemary Powers, John Price, and Pauline Sheppard ; 1:Introduction ; 2:Demography ; 3:Physical variation ; 4:Discontinuous variation and congenital anomalies ; 5:Dental health ; 6:General health ; 7:Injuries ; 8:Conclusions ; Part 5 The population of Winchester: A millennium of continuity and change – Caroline M. Stuckert ; 1:Introduction ; 2:Population continuity and change ; 3:Health and lifestyle ; 4:Discussion ; Appendix A: Other burial groups found 1961-71 – Martin Biddle and Birthe Kjølbye-Biddle, with a contribution by Sue Browne ; Appendix B: Statistical methods of determining sex developed for the study of the Hampshire Romano-British and Early Anglo-Saxon skeletal samples – Caroline M. Stuckert ; Appendix C: Grave concordance: Anglo-Saxon and Medieval burials from the Old Minster and Cathedral cemeteries – Caroline M. Stuckert ; Appendix D: Glossary

Read more less

Book SynopsisSt Swithun was an obscure ninth-century bishop of Winchester about whom little was, and is, known. But following the translation of his relics from a conspicuous tomb into the Old Minster, Winchester, on 15 July 971, the massive rebuilding of the cathedral, and a vigorous publicity campaign by Bishop Aethelwold (963-84), St Swithun became one of the most popular and important English saints, whose cult was widespread not only in England but also in Ireland, Scandinavia, and France. The present volume includes new and full editions of all the relevant texts – hagiographical, liturgical, and historical – in Latin, Old English, and Middle English, many of which have never been published before: these illuminate the origins and development of St Swithun’s cult. No dossier of an important English saint has been published on this scale until now: the wealth of this volume sheds new light not only on St Swithun himself, but also on the times during which his cult was at the peak of its popularity.

Read more less

Book SynopsisOver six thousand objects were recovered during the Winchester excavations of 1961 to 1971 - by far the most extensive corpus of stratified and datable medieval objects yet presented from a single city. Martin Biddle and the team of eighty-three contributors assembled by the Winchester Research Unit have used this material to investigate not only the industries and arts, but the economic, cultural, and social life of medieval Winchester. Their findings are being published in two parts: the first part, by Katherine Barclay, will deal with the pottery remains; and this second part in two volumes by Martin Biddle covers all the objects from the finest products of the Anglo-Saxon goldsmith''s skill to the iron tenter-hooks of the cloth industry. Martin Biddle''s study of the objects identifies change through time, and traces variation across the broad social scale - from cottage to palace - represented in the excavated sites. Using the objects as evidence for the economy of the medieval city, it also throws new light on some of the great questions of medieval industry and artistic production: amongst them the development of the textile industry, the origins of wire-drawing and the manufacture of pins, the beginnings of window-glass production, and the earliest glass painting. These objects are an essential part of the evidence for the development and changing character of the excavated sites to be published in forthcoming volumes of Winchester Studies on the Minsters. To ensure complete integration between the objects and the sites, every object in this volume is related to the context in which it was found and a concordance provides a detailed conspectus phase by phase of each of the twenty sites excavated between 1961-71, and of the objects found in each phase.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe ancient Maya used mainly stone tools, made of either ground stone and chipped stone, to achieve their extraordinary development. However, works focused on this aspect are still rare. This book presents the techno-typological analysis of lithic materials from La Blanca, a Mayan archaeological site located in the heart of the Southern Lowlands, which was mainly inhabited during the Late Classic and Terminal Classic periods. In addition, a general methodology for the techno-typological analysis and classification of Mayan lithic artefacts is presented, which is complemented by an extensive graphic section that includes the technical drawings of most of the chipped stone tools.Table of ContentsÍndice ; Índice de figuras ; Índice de gráficas ; Agradecimientos ; Capítulo 1. El núcleo urbano maya de La Blanca y las industrias lítica, ósea y malacológica ; Introducción ; Los estudios líticos en el área maya ; La Blanca y el sureste del Petén ; Objetos de la cultura material en La Blanca ; Capítulo 2. Artefactos de piedra tallada de La Blanca ; Artefactos de piedra tallada de La Blanca ; Puntas bifaciales ; Hachas bifaciales ; Cinceles bifaciales ; Raspadores ; Excéntricos ; Picos ; Perforadores ; Azuelas ; Discos tallados ; Indeterminados tallados ; Nódulos y núcleos ; Lascas ; Navajas ; Capítulo 3. Artefactos de piedra pulida de La Blanca ; Artefactos de piedra pulida de La Blanca ; Metates ; Manos ; Hachas/cinceles ; Machacadores ; Pulidores ; Cuentas ; Discos pulidos ; Esféricos ; Malacates ; Cinceles pulidos ; Pesas de pesca ; Elementos decorativos ; Percutores ; Misceláneos ; Indeterminados ; Capítulo 4. Consideraciones finales ; Lo que las piedras cuentan ; Una breve comparación ; Bibliografía ; Anexo ; Listado de objetos de La Blanca

Read more less

Book SynopsisNumerous metallic artefacts, which anciently were deposited in a hoard, came to light per chance on the campus of the Sultan Qaboos University in Al Khawd, Sultanate of Oman. Mostly fashioned from copper, these arrowheads, axes/adzes, bangles, daggers, knives, socketed lance/ spearheads, metal vessels, razors, rings, swords, and tweezers compare well with numerous documented artefact classes from south-eastern Arabia assigned to the Early Iron Age (1200–300 BCE). Discussion of the international trade between ancient Makan, Dilmun, and Mesopotamia during the 3rd millennium BCE dominates the archaeological literature about Arabia archaeology. The Al Khawd hoard and its contemporaries lend weight to the suggestion that 1st millennium BCE Qadē (the name of south-eastern Arabia at that time) was even more important than Bronze Age Makan in terms of the copper trade volume. A reassessment shows the Early Iron Age by no means to be a dark age, but rather an innovative, successful adaptive period characterised by evident population growth.Table of Contents1. Foreword ; 2. Introduction ; 3. Early Iron Age south-eastern Arabian archaeology: State of research sketch ; 4. The finds ; 5. The find contexts, functional comparisons ; 6. Mineralogical and geochemical analysis ; 7. The Early Iron Age metal technology behind the al-Ḫawḍ hoard ; 8. Out of Qadē ; 9. Conclusion and perspective ; Glossary ; Bibliography ; Index of personal names ; Index of place names ; Index of things ; Tables ; Plates

Read more less

Book SynopsisDer vorliegende Sammelband präsentiert die Ergebnisse des 2015 und darüber hinaus vom Institut für die Kulturen des Alten Orients der Universität Tübingen durchgeführten Surveys in Al-Khashbah, einem der größten frühbronzezeitlichen Fundorte auf der Omanischen Halbinsel. Zehn Monumentalgebäude, 273 Gräber sowie weitere Bauwerke aus der Hafit- (3100–2700 v. Chr.) und Umm an-Nar-Zeit (2700–2000 v. Chr.) konnten hier dokumentiert werden. Dadurch ist Al-Khashbah prädestiniert für die Untersuchung der Anfänge komplexer Siedlungen und Gesellschaftsstrukturen im nördlichen Inner-Oman am Übergang vom 4. zum 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr., denn viele der bislang der Umm an-Nar-Zeit zugeschriebenen Errungenschaften, so zum Beispiel die Monumentalarchitektur und das Schmelzen von Kupfer, sind hier bereits in der vorausgehenden Hafit-Zeit nachweisbar. In der Umm an-Nar-Zeit setzt sich die Entwicklung Al-Khashbahs kontinuierlich fort, wodurch der Fundplatz zusätzlich an Bedeutung gewinnt. Nach den Ergebnissen des Surveys scheint die Kupferproduktion vor Ort in dieser Zeit aber keine Rolle mehr zu spielen. Aus den auf die frühe Bronzezeit folgenden Epochen des 2. und 1. Jahrtausends v. Chr. sowie des 1. und 2. Jahrtausends n. Chr. gibt es in Al-Khashbah nur äußerst wenige Befunde. Erst im 18.–20. Jahrhundert n. Chr. erfährt der Ort eine intensive Wiederbelebung, wovon insbesondere die alte Lehmziegelsiedlung im Norden der Palmenoase, eine kleine Siedlung im Osten des Untersuchungsgebiets, eine Reihe von Bewässerungsanlagen, mehrere Friedhöfe, Petroglyphen sowie zahlreiche an der Oberfläche gefundene spätislamische Keramikscherben zeugen.Table of ContentsVorwort 1 Einleitung – Conrad Schmidt ; 2 Der Fundort Al-Khashbah – Conrad Schmidt & Stephanie Döpper ; 3 Methodik – Conrad Schmidt & Stephanie Döpper ; 4 Die Vermessungsarbeiten und der Luftbildsurvey – Matthias Lang & Philippe Kluge ; 5 Die geophysikalische Prospektion – Marion Scheiblecker, Jason T. Herrmann & Jörg W. E. Faßbinder ; 6 Die Türme – Jonas Kluge ; 7 Die Gräber – Conrad Schmidt & Mona Walter ; 8 Mauern, Trilithe, Lehmziegelgebäude und andere Strukturen – Conrad Schmidt ; 9 Die Keramik – Stephanie Döpper, Susanne Maier & Nick Kirchhoff ; 10 Die Steingefäße – Stephanie Döpper ; 11 Die Steingeräte aus Flint – Ullrich Ochs ; 12 Die Schmuckobjekte – Stephanie Döpper ; 13 Die Metallobjekte – Conrad Schmidt ; 14 Schlacke, Ofen- und Tiegelfragmente sowie andere Rückstände der Metallverarbeitung – Conrad Schmidt ; 15 Mollusken und Tierknochen – Conrad Schmidt ; 16 Die Großsteingeräte – Stephanie Döpper ; 17 Die Petroglyphen von Gebäude IV – Samantha Petrella ; 18 Die Siedlungsgeschichte von Al-Khashbah – Conrad Schmidt ; Bibliographie

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Circular Archetype in Microcosm is the culmination of seven years research into the Carved Stone Balls of Late Neolithic Scotland. It is the first study of these enigmatic artefacts since that undertaken by Dorothy Marshall in 1977 and includes all currently known examples in both museums and private hands, described and analysed in considerable detail. For the first time, visual geological characterisation has been undertaken on approximately a third of carved stone balls, which has enabled a more detailed analysis of their potential origin and the landscapes in which they were found. The book offers a revised classification/typology of these artefacts which, following careful analysis, suggests that it is possible to determine individual craftspeople with a wide range of skills. It suggests that carved stone balls were used as unique and distinctive gestalts that represented the ideology of the core area of Aberdeenshire and enabled disparate groups to recognise one another.Trade Review‘Chris Stewart-Moffitt has given us that unfashionable thing, an enormous service to specialists in the form of a comprehensive corpus.’ – Mike Pitts (2022): British Archaeology 'The volume is accompanied by online appendices, including a detailed catalogue with photographs. These highlight the rigorous data collection behind this volume, and represent an exceptionally valuable resource for future researchers.' – Hugo Anderson-Whymark (2023): Current Archaeology Issue 395Table of ContentsForeword and Acknowledgements ; Chapter One: Introduction ; Chapter Two: Scotland: Early people and the environment ; Chapter Three: Antiquarian, Archaeological and New Age ideas regarding CSBs ; Chapter Four: The Geology of Scotland and Materiality of Carved Stone Balls ; Chapter Five: Landscape and CSB Distribution ; Chapter Six: CSB links to Monuments and other Artefacts ; Chapter Seven: The Classification of Carved Stone Balls and a Revised Typology ; Chapter Eight: CSB Decoration and their Revised Classification/Typology ; Chapter Nine: Origin, skill, lifecycle, use and demise ; Chapter Ten: Conclusions and Future Research ; Coda ; Bibliography ; Appendix One (Online) Master Carved Stone Ball Database 2021 ; Appendix Two (Online) Introduction to Gazetteer ; Appendix Three: CSB Skill Assessment ; Appendix Four: Cast/Replica Carved Stone Balls

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe frontiers of the Roman empire together form the largest surviving monument of one of the world’s greatest states. They stretch for some 7,500 km through 20 countries which encircle the Mediterranean Sea. The remains of these frontiers have been studied by visitors and later by archaeologists for several centuries. Many of the inscriptions and sculpture, weapons, pottery and artefacts created and used by the soldiers and civilians who lived on the frontier can be seen in museums. Equally evocative of the lost might of Rome are the physical remains of the frontiers themselves. The aim of this series of booklets is not only to inform the interested visitor about the history of the frontiers but to act as a guidebook as well. The frontier in Lower Germany was one of the earliest to be created; surviving into the early 5th century, it illustrates the whole range of Roman military installations. In the Rhine delta, the watery nature of the landscape has ensured incredible survivals in the form of organic remains including ships. Upstream are great military bases created for the army poised to invade Germany, supported by forts and fortlets, all modified over time.Table of ContentsFrontiers of the Roman Empire ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman Empire ; The Roman Empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The “Frontiers of the Roman Empire” World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey and remote sensing ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; The Lower German Limes ; The river frontier that saw it all ; The setting of the Lower Rhine limes ; Landscape ; Historical background and development ; The classic frontier system (late 1st – late 3rd century) ; The Roman army ; Accommodation ; The Lower German deployment ; Outstanding values of the Lower German limes ; Chronological span ; The development of military architecture ; A complete system ; A ‘military-industrial complex’ ; Riverfronts and harbours ; Water management and shipping infrastructure ; Spectacular finds: ships and votive offerings ; The true treasure: sewage and waste ; Information stored in leather and timber ; The sealing properties of later townscapes ; Archaeological research and heritage management ; What to see? ; Museums and permanent exhibitions ; Visible remains and modern references ; Further reading ; Illustration acknowledgements

Read more less

Book SynopsisArchaeologies and Antiquaries collects and republishes 14 key academic works by the late Professor Dai Morgan Evans FSA (1944–2017), whose career spanned the civil service, learned societies, charitable organisations and the academy. His research focused on the archaeology of Wales and England. Spanning early medieval archaeology and history, the management and conservation of ancient monuments, histories of antiquarianism, and the Welsh church of Llangar, the chapters have been reformatted, freshly edited and published together for the first time with new illustrations. Together, the studies provide still-pertinent and insightful investigations, here contextualised by a multi-authored introduction surveying Dai’s career and contributions to archaeology and its public understanding.Table of ContentsDai Morgan Evans: A life in archaeology – Howard Williams, Chris Musson, Christopher Young, Rosemary Cramp, Adrian James and Sheena Evans ; The origins of Powys – Christian, heretic or pagan? ; Irish influence in post-Roman mid-Wales ; An early Christian monument from Llanwyddelan, Montgomeryshire ; Legacy hunting and Welsh identities ; ‘King Arthur’ and Cadbury Castle, Somerset ; Eighteenth-century descriptions of the Cerne Abbas Giant ; Et in Arcadia? The problem with ruins ; The Society of Antiquaries, 1707–18: Meeting places and origin stories ; ‘Banks is the villain!’? Sir Joseph Banks and the governance of the Society of Antiquaries ; Octavius Morgan: Journal of a tour through North Wales in 1821 ; Llangar – Church and community in the early eighteenth century ; Part I: The fabric of the church ; Part II: The poor, vermin and other matters ; Part III: christmas, holy communion, ale and the wardens ; Part IV: Hierarchy, liturgy, fixtures and fittings

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Family of Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy from Thebes (TT 414) revisited provides fresh material about the identity of one of the key figures of the family that reused the Saite tomb of Ankh-Hor (TT 414) in the Asasif from the 4th century BCE onwards. It is the woman Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu, who was previously listed in the genealogical register of TT 414 as Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy’s daughter and wife of one of his sons, Hor. By examining objects found by the agents of the consuls in the 19th century CE and those found by the Austrian mission in the 1970s in TT 414 and in wider Theban contexts, the authors are able to identify Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu, wife of Hor, as another, until now overlooked individual, separate from his sister with the same name. The examination of the funerary assemblage of Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu and of objects belonging to her husband, daughter and sons reveals not only details of Late Dynastic and Ptolemaic burial customs in Thebes but also additional information on the priesthood of Khonsu and of the sacred baboons in this era. This new identification of a previously overlooked person, the mistress of the house and daughter of the first prophet of Amun, Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu (G108 + G137), demonstrates that the finds from TT 414 are still far from being processed in their totality. This material has the potential to provide answers to some of the open questions regarding Late Dynastic/Ptolemaic Thebes and to contextualise funerary assemblages.Table of ContentsPreface ; Acknowledgements ; Prologue ; Chapter 1: Introduction ; Chapter 2: The case study of Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu (G108 + G137) ; Chapter 3: Secondary sources related to the family of Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu (G108+G137) ; Doc. 1 Striding statue of Hor presenting an offering table ; Doc. 2 The situla of Hor ; Doc. 3 The funerary stela of Nes-Khonsu ; Doc. 4 The stela of Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy II (London, BM, EA 8462) ; Doc. 5 Fragments of the qrsw-coffin of Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy II (London, British Museum, EA 6945, 6946) ; Doc. 6 The wooden stela of Wesir-wer (Turin, Museo Egizio, P 3610) ; Doc. 7 Striding statue of Djed-her (Cairo, Egyptian Museum, JE 37357) ; Doc. 8 Funerary papyri of Djed-her ; Doc. 9 The canopic chest of Djed-her (EA 8537) ; Doc. 10 Book of the Dead papyrus (Turin, Museo Egizio di Torino, cat. no. 1830) ; Doc. 11 Funerary papyri of Pa-kher-Khonsu ; Doc. 12 Book of the Dead Papyrus of Pa-kher-Khonsu (Turin, Museo Egizio di Torino, cat. no. 1832) ; Doc. 13 Cuboid statue of Pa-kher-Khonsu (Cairo, Egyptian Museum, JE 38592) ; Doc. 14 Mummy bandages of Ta-sherit-Min (Paris, Louvre, AF 11954 (X. 25) +11956 (X. 24) + E 18865 + 27459) ; Chapter 4: Primary sources for the family of Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu (G108 + G137) from TT 414 ; Doc. 15 Coffin assemblage of Hor (Reg. Nos. 414b, 515, 790) ; Doc. 16 Coffin set of Kalutj/Nes-Khonsu (Reg. Nos. 683 + 699) ; Doc. 17 Inner anthropoid coffin of Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy II (Reg. No. 672) ; Doc. 18 Canopic chest (Reg. No. 556, now in Cairo Egyptian Museum) ; Doc. 19 Ushebti figurines of Pa-di-Amun-neb-nesut-tawy II (Reg. Nos. 642 + 643) ; Doc. 20 Outer anthropoid coffin of Djed-her (Reg. No. 767) ; Doc. 21 Outer anthropoid coffin of Wesir-wer (Reg. No. 778) ; Doc. 22 Mummy bandages of Ta-sherit-Min (Reg. No. 545) ; Chapter 5: Summary and discussion ; Bibliography ; Indices

Read more less

Book SynopsisPottery from the University of California, Berkeley Excavations in the Area of the Maški Gate (MG22), Nineveh, 1989-1990 presents the pottery from the UC Berkeley excavations in 1989 and 1990. Nineveh is one of the longest occupied cities in the world, with a record of habitation extending back to at least the middle of the 7th millennium BC, continuing in an almost uninterrupted sequence through today. It was one of the major urban centres in which the fundamental features of modern civilization first emerged. Its political and religious significance – particularly during its apogee as the capital of the Assyrian Empire in the late 8th and 7th centuries BC – secured its status as a legendary metropolis in history and literature. In 1987, the University of California at Berkeley initiated a program of archaeological investigations at Nineveh. The expedition aimed to elucidate the character and layout of the city’s urban neighbourhoods; an aspect of Assyrian urbanism that had received little close attention in prior excavations. Near the Maški Gate (MG22), the UC Berkeley team uncovered a district of large dwellings and wide streets. Multiple layers of occupation and rebuilding suggest the area was occupied during the period when the city was handsomely embellished and enlarged by the Assyrian monarch, king Sennacherib (705/704-681 BC). The work in MG22 provides a stratigraphic history of Late Assyrian ceramics at the centre of the empire through at least the 7th century BC.Table of ContentsPreface ; Chapter 1. Introduction ; The MG22 Pottery Catalogue: Project History ; Historical Context of the MG22 Pottery Assemblage ; Regional Archaeological Context: Relating the MG22 Pottery to Other Sites ; Methodology ; The MG22 Pottery Data Set ; Chapter 2. MG22 Vessel Types: Representative Pottery Categories ; MG22 Vessel Types – Bowls ; MG22 Vessel Types – Jars ; Decorated Pottery ; Painted and Glazed Pottery (MG22 Catalogue Plates 9.07; 19.1-3; 19.21; 24.1-7; 27.08; 33.21; 33.23) ; Chapter 3. MG22 Pottery According to Stratigraphic Level ; Level IV ; Level IVd (Catalogue Plates 30-33) ; Level IVb (Catalogue Plate 25) and Level IVc (Catalogue Plates 26-29) ; Level IVa (Catalogue Plates 20-24) ; Level III ; Level IIIc (Catalogue Plates 13-19) ; Level IIIa (Catalogue Plate 12) and Level IIIb (Catalogue Plate 12) ; Level II ; Level IIb (Catalogue Plates 10-11) ; Level IIa (Catalogue Plates 5-9) ; Level I (Catalogue Plates 1-4) ; Chapter 4. Discussion ; The Identification of Post-Assyrian Pottery in MG22 ; Nineveh After 612 BC: Evidence from the Hinterlands ; The Occupation Sequence in MG22 ; Bibliography ; Catalogue of MG22 Pottery According to Level ; Catalogue Plates

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Alexandrian Corinthian Capital and its Role in the Evolution of the Corinthian Order in Hellenistic, Roman, and Late Roman Architecture discusses the evolution of the Corinthian capital in Antiquity and how this centred around Alexandria rather than Mainland Greece. It tackles the rise of the Corinthian capital in Classical Greece and its adaptation on in Hellenistic Alexandria. It describes the different designs of the Alexandrian capitals and later their adaptations throughout the Hellenistic world, the Roman Empire, and the early centuries of the Byzantine Empire and neighbouring countries. The book also shows how the Hellenistic versions of the Alexandrian capitals continued to be used in the Roman period both directly and indirectly.Table of ContentsPreface ; Introduction ; Chapter I ; The Creation of the Alexandrian Corinthian Capital in Context of Hellenistic Architecture ; Corinthian Capitals of the Hellenistic World (Excluding Egypt) ; The Alexandrian Corinthian Capital: Typology and Analysis ; Corinthian, Corinthianized, and Blocked-Out Capitals from the Ptolemaic and Nabataean Kingdoms ; Chapter II ; Italo-Hellenistic, Late Republican, and Roman Imperial Corinthian Capitals ; Italo-Hellenistic and Roman Republican Corinthian Capitals – Examples from Rome and Italy ; Augustan Architecture and the Rise of the Canonical Roman Orthodox Corinthian Capital ; Alexandrian and Egyptian Corinthian Capitals between 1st Century BC and 1st Century AD ; Post-Augustan Corinthian Capitals until the 4th Century AD ; Alexandrian and Egyptian Roman Corinthian Capitals ; Chapter III ; Late Antique Corinthian Capitals from Alexandria and the Byzantine World ; Corinthian, Corinthianized, and Corinthian-related Capitals in Late Antique Alexandria and Egypt ; The Alexandrian Corinthian Capitals in Byzantine Architecture ; Conclusion ; Bibliography ; Appendices

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Roman eastern frontier stretched from the north-east shore of the Black Sea to the Red Sea. It faced Rome’s formidable foe, the kingdom of Parthia, and its successor, Sasanian Persia. Rome’s bulwark in antiquity was the area known as Syria or the Levant, roughly modern Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Palestine. To the south lay the Nabataean kingdom, annexed by Rome in 106 and formed into the province of Arabia. To the north, the Cappadocian frontier was laid out in one of the most inaccessible and remote parts of Eurasia facing extremes of climate and topography, amid a patchwork of client kingdoms. This hidden and fascinating frontier in Turkey, whose bases mostly lie under reservoirs, is the major omission from this volume and it is hoped that a more in-depth account might appear in due course. The Caucasian forts along the edge of the Black Sea are, however, part of this volume; this is perhaps Rome’s least known frontier archaeologically but the subject of a unique account by Arrian when governor of Cappadocia.Table of ContentsTHE FRONTIERS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ; Foreword by Prince Hassan bin Talal of Jordan ; Common cultural heritage of the Roman Empire ; The Roman Empire ; Frontiers and trade ; The "Frontiers of the Roman Empire" World Heritage Site ; The definition of a World Heritage Site ; The task ahead ; History and extent of frontiers ; Rome´s foreign policy ; The location of frontiers ; The army and frontiers ; The purpose of frontiers ; Soldiers and civilians ; Military administration ; Research on Roman frontiers ; Inscriptions and documents ; Survey and excavation ; Aerial survey ; Protection and presentation of frontiers ; Future perspectives ; THE EASTERN FRONTIERS ; The Desert Frontier in Syria and Arabia ; Introduction ; Location and natural conditions ; The Roman Frontier in Syria ; The history of the frontier and the frontier road ; Locals in Roman service ; Change and continuity ; The Roman forts in Syria: Cultural heritage in danger ; Dura-Europos ; The Desert Frontier in Arabia ; Historical background and frontier development ; Outstanding Universal Values of the desert frontier ; The Caucasian frontier

Read more less