Ancient history Books

Book SynopsisQueen Boudicca's Battle of Britain

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Book SynopsisFrom flowers and perfumes to urban sanitation and personal hygiene, smell—a sense that is simultaneously sublime and animalistic—has played a pivotal role in western culture and thought. Greek and Roman writers and thinkers lost no opportunity to connect the smells that bombarded their senses to the social, political and cultural status of the individuals and environments that they encountered: godly incense and burning sacrifices, seductive scents, aromatic cuisines, stinking bodies, pungent farmyards and festering back-streets. The cultural study of smell has largely focused on pollution, transgression and propriety, but the olfactory sense came into play in a wide range of domains and activities: ancient medicine and philosophy, religion, botany and natural history, erotic literature, urban planning, dining, satire and comedy—where odours, aromas, scents and stenches were rich and versatile components of the ancient sensorium. The first comprehensive introduction to the role of smell in the history, literature and society of classical antiquity, Smell and the Ancient Senses explores and probes the ways that the olfactory sense can contribute to our perceptions of ancient life, behaviour, identity and morality.Trade Review"Smell finally receives respect among the “lower” senses. Fragrant odors and foul stenches attracted and assaulted noses in the less hygienic, less deodorized social and commercial environments of Athens and Alexandria and the squalid tenements of Rome and Pompeii. Medical aromatherapies, religious rituals, and literary practice vis-à-vis elusive aromas produced pleased perceptions, scientific explanations, and disgusted reactions. Modern cultural researchers examine ancient production (natural and artificial) and sniffing responses. Bradley assembled 12 scholars who survey stink and savor in Greek, Roman, Hebrew, and Christian sensoriums...Required reading as an introduction to the cultures of antiquity. Summing Up: Essential." - D. Lateiner, Ohio Wesleyan University, CHOICE"...a welcome addition to the slowly growing corpus of smell literature and is further evidence of the importance of the current 'sensory turn' in the exploration of the lives of ancient peoples...The volume cleverly manages to combine discussions of smelly poetry, satire and physiological texts with archaeological and experiential studies of smelly places – meaning that there is something here for every classical scholar. If this volume is representative of the standard and quality of the forthcoming volumes in the Senses in Antiquity series, then I detect a very strong whiff of anticipation for the next installment." - Stuart Eve, University College London, BMCRTable of ContentsIntroduction: smell and the ancient senses Smell as sign and cure in ancient medicine Ancient philosophers on the sense of smell Divine scents and presence Smelling trees, flowers and herbs in the ancient world Making scents of poetry Roman urban smells: the archaeological evidence Urban smells and Roman noses The scent of Roman dining Foul bodies in ancient Rome Fragrance in the Rabbinic world The smell of Christianity Missing noses BibliographyIndex

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Book SynopsisThe history of ancient Rome omitting all the boring bits. Following the success of BBC2 hit Rome on BBC2, no one has looked at the private lives of the Roman Emperors again in the same light. Anthony Blond's scandalous exposé of the life of the Roman emperors is a must-read for anyone interested in what really went on in ancient Rome. Julius Caesar is usually presented as a glorious general when, in fact, he was an arrogant charmer and a swank; Augustus was so self-conscious about his height that he put lifts in his sandals.But they were nothing compared with Caligula, Claudius and Nero. Blond's book is eye-opening in its revelations, and unfailingly entertaining.Trade ReviewThis is the sort of book that gives ancient history a good name. * Sunday Telegraph *...informative fun... * TLS *Lively and amusing - the Emperors enjoyably monstrous. * Observer *

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Book SynopsisFor at least two and a half millennia, the figure of Orpheus has haunted humanity. Half-man, half-god, musician, magician, theologian, poet and lover, his story never leaves us. He may be myth, but his lyre still sounds, entrancing everything that hears it: animals, trees, water, stones, and men.In this extraordinary work Ann Wroe goes in search of Orpheus, from the forests where he walked and the mountains where he worshipped to the artefacts, texts and philosophies built up round him. She traces the man, and the power he represents, through the myriad versions of a fantastical life: his birth in Thrace, his studies in Egypt, his voyage with the Argonauts to fetch the Golden Fleece, his love for Eurydice and journey to Hades, and his terrible death. We see him tantalising Cicero and Plato, and breathing new music into Gluck and Monteverdi; occupying the mind of Jung and the surreal dreams of Cocteau; scandalising the Fathers of the early Church, and filling Rilke with poems like a whirlwind. He emerges as not simply another mythical figure but the force of creation itself, singing the song of light out of darkness and life out of death.Trade ReviewThis insightful and visionary study, treading a perfect line between imagination and scholarship, is as readable and necessary as a fine novel. Ted Hughes, another mythographer, would have loved it * Independent *Ann Wroe has an acute eye for pastoral detail...and takes a novelist's care in exploring character and evoking atmosphere... [Orpheus] will leave you dancing * New Statesman *This is a most remarkable book... most rewarding... [a book] that will surely enhance Ann Wroe's already considerable reputation * Irish Times *Orpheus: The Song of Life is a book of wonders, learned, playful and passionate...For all her studies, her wide reading, her historical dilligence, Wroe's method is instinctive, as she searches for inspirations and connections across the millennia -- John Banville * Guardian *Curious... there are moments of sublime writing * Scotland on Sunday *

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Book Synopsis'This book will delight any historian. It's a superb gazetteer of 120 centres of ancient civilization' (Daily Telegraph)From Alexandria to York, this unique illustrated guide allows us to see the great centres of classical civilization afresh. The key feature of Cities of the Classical World is 120 specially drawn maps tracing each city's thoroughfares and defences, monuments and places of worship. Every map is to the same scale, allowing readers for the first time to appreciate visually the relative sizes of Babylon and Paris, London and Constantinople. There is also a clear, incisive commentary on each city's development, strategic importance, rulers and ordinary inhabitants. This compelling and elegant atlas opens a new window on to the ancient world, and will transform the way we see it.Trade ReviewColin McEvedy was a polymath. If you wanted to know something, Google had failed you and the British Library seemed too far away, the obvious move was to ask McEvedy * Independent *A beautifully produced and completely wacky testimony to the life and scholarship of a passionate private historian * The Times Higher Education Supplement *

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Book SynopsisA fresh look at the World Heritage Site that includes Avebury henge, West Kennet long barrow and Silbury Hill. Mann combines archaeology, astronomy and anthropology to offer an original and convincing account of the building of these extraordinary Neolithic monuments. The ancient Britons were inspired by a profound knowledge of the heavens when they erected the monumental stones of Avebury. Mann throws light on the motive behind the creation of its awe-inspiring mounds and megaliths by demonstrating that they were aligned to the cycles of the Sun, Moon and stars. This book will help visitors and readers to see Avebury in a wholly new light - the light of the heavenly bodies that guided its Neolithic builders. Avebury Cosmos will reawaken our ancient reverence for the stars and deepen our respect for the extraordinary abilities and forgotten knowledge of our prehistoric ancestors.Trade ReviewLandscape archaeology is much in fashion at present, but the sky-the one part of the prehistoric landscape which can be reconstructed with real accuracy-is usually forgotten. Nicholas Mann's painstaking research shows how it can be reintegrated, and how archaeology, astronomy and anthropology can be brought together, to produce a plausible hypothesis regarding the nature of one of the world's greatest prehistoric monuments. (Professor Ronald Hutton, University of Bristol)

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Book SynopsisStretching 73 miles from coast to coast and reaching a height of about 13 feet, Hadrian's Wall should have been counted as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Today, a World Heritage site, it stands as the most imposing monument north of the Alps and attracts millions of visitors a year. Yet, despite all the excavation and research that has been carried out, this is the first detailed guide to be written for many years. Having first dealt with the practical questions of transport, clothing and maps, Guy de la Bedoyere explains why and how the Wall was constructed. With the help of almost 100 sketch maps, drawings and photographs, he then conducts the visitor, stage by stage, along the full length of the Wall, providing map locations, route and parking instructions, details of access and opening times, and a full account of everything that can be seen. He also covers the outpost forts, the forts and settlements to the rear (South Shields, Corbridge and Vindolanda) and the local museums which house so many of the artefacts discovered along the Wall. This indispensable guide-book concludes with a list of dates, a glossary and a summary of all the key sources.

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Book SynopsisIn Babylon, Paul Kriwaczek tells the story of ancient Mesopotamia from the earliest settlements around 5400 BC, to the eclipse of Babylon by the Persians in the sixth century BC. He chronicles the rise and fall of dynastic power during this period; he examines its numerous material, social and cultural innovations and inventions: The wheel, civil, engineering, building bricks, the centralized state, the division of labour, organised religion, sculpture, education, mathematics, law and monumental building. At the heart of Kriwaczek's magisterial account, though, is the glory of Babylon - 'gateway to the gods' - which rose to glorious prominence under the Amorite king Hammurabi, who unified Babylonia between 1800 and 1750 BC. While Babylonian power would rise and fall over the ensuing centuries, it retained its importance as a cultural, religious and political centre until its fall to Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC.

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Book SynopsisWhen the Romans occupied the southern half of Britain in AD 43, the Iceni tribe quickly allied themselves with the invaders. Having paid tribute to Rome, they continued to be ruled by their own kings. But 17 years later when Prasutagus, the king of the Iceni, died the Romans decided to incorporate his kingdom into the new province. When his widow Boudicca protested, she 'was flogged and their daughters raped', sparking one of the most famous rebellions in history. This book tells how Boudicca raised her people and other tribes in revolt, overran the provincial towns of Camulodunum (Colchester), Londinium (London) and Verulamium (St Albans), destroyed the IX Legion, and nearly took control of the fledgling Roman province, before being finally brought to heel in a pitched battle at Mancetter.Table of ContentsIntroduction /Chronology /Opposing commanders /Opposing armies /Opposing plans /The campaign /Aftermath /The Battlefield today /Bibliography /Glossary /Index

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Book SynopsisPalladius wrote in the 5th century AD. His is the latest of Roman agricultural texts and perhaps for that reason was the treatise most widely distributed in the medieval world, being translated into Italian, Catalan and Middle English, among other languages. Later, Palladius fell into neglect as the Renaissance preferred more classical authors (Cato, Varro, Columella.

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Book SynopsisRome's first emperor, Augustus, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, has probably had the most lasting effect on history of all rulers of the classical world. This book focuses on his rise to power and on the ways in which he then maintained authority throughout his reign. It is often assumed that the close relationship between power and presentation, popularly known as 'spin', is a modern phenomenon. Augustus, however, emerges as consummate master of the political process, using propaganda to fashion his own historical legacy. Clark examines the importance of his chief political advisor Maecenas, the patron of Horace and Virgil; and of his military commander Agrippa. He also considers the contrasting fates of the main poets of Augustus' reign, Virgil and Ovid, and the public monuments that - as much as poetry -– served to shape his reputation.Table of Contents List of Illustrations Author's Note on Roman Names Map of the Roman Empire Map of Italy Introduction: 'Boy, You Owe Everything to Your Name' PART I: The Failure of the Roman Republic 1 The Strains of Empire 2 The Death of the Republic PART II: Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus 3 Calculated Risks 4 The Battle for the Empire. 42-30 BC PART III: Caesar Augustus 5 The Res Publica of Augustus 6 The Frontiers of Empire 7 The Myth of Caesar Augustus 8 Social Engineering: 'Back to Basics' 9 The Imperial Family; The Verdict Family Tree Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis volume discusses the main excavations at Neolithic Çatalhöyük East undertaken from 2009 to 2017. The site is well known because of its large size, elaborate symbolism and wall paintings, and long history of excavation. This volume covers the last period of excavation directed by Ian Hodder in the North and South Areas of the site. It also describes the work conducted in the GDN Area on the later phases of occupation.The main aim of these excavations was to understand the layout and social geography of the settlement (both houses and open areas) and to situate the elaborate art and symbolism within a secure architectural and depositional context. Excavation and conservation methods are described and the campaign of geophysical prospection is described. Considerable focus is placed on detailed dating using Bayesian modeling that alters significantly our understanding of the organization of the settlement. New light is thrown on the degree of contemporaneity of buildings and on the continuities and breaks in house occupation and in the site as a whole. A fuller understanding has also been reached of the variability of houses and burials and of how these variations relate to social differentiation. The descriptions of excavated units, features and buildings incorporates results from the analyses of animal bone, chipped stone, groundstone, shell, ceramics, phytoliths, micromorphology. The integration of different types of data and of different voices within the excavation team mimics the process of collaborative interpretation that took place during the excavation and post-excavation process.

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Book SynopsisThe discovery of the site of the Mycenean Palace of Odysseus, with dating evidence and photos.

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Book SynopsisThe study of the Spartans is now pursued more widely and intensively than ever. Indeed, no longer is Sparta the 'second city' of ancient Greece. This volume, the fourth in the established series on which Powell and Hodkinson have collaborated, breaks fresh ground, not least in the range of its contributors. The authors of the fourteen new papers represent nine different countries and demonstrate many of the fertile modern approaches to the history, the archaeology - and the still-influential image - of the city on the Eurotas.Table of ContentsIntroduction - Stephen Hodkinson I. Representations of Sparta 1. Herodotus and Spartan Despotism - Ellen Millender 2. Spartan Ate at Thermopylai: Semantics and Ideology at Herodotus, Histories 7.234 - Michael Clarke 3. Was Sophrosyne Ever a Spartan Virtue? - Noreen Humble 4. Three Evocations of the Dead with Pausanias - Daniel Ogden II. Invention and Tradition 5. Iron Money and the Ideology of Consumption in Laconia - Thomas J. Figueira 6. Iron Money in Sparta: Myth and History - Jacqueline Christien 7. The Invention of Tradition in Classical and Hellenistic Sparta - Michael Flower 8. Notes on the Influence of the Spartan Great Rhetra on Tyrtaeus, Herodotus and Xenophon - Michael Lipka III. Subject Populations 9. Helotic Slavery Reconsidered - Nino Luraghi 10. Helotage and Spartan Social Organization - Nikos Birgalias 11. Settlements of Spartan Perioikoi: Poleis or Komai? - Andrey Eremin 12. Ouk Homoioi, Agathoi De: The Perioikoi in the Classical Lakedaimonian Polis - Norbert Mertens IV. Historiographical Reception 13. Sparta Compared: Ethnographic Perspectives in Spartan Sstudies - Marcello Lupi 14. From Thermopylae to Stalingrad: The Myth of Leonidas in German Historiography - Stefan Rebenich Index

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Book SynopsisIn Ramesses II, Egypt's Ultimate Pharaoh Peter J. Brand paints with authoritative knowledge and colourful details a compelling portrait of this legendary Pharaoh who ruled over Imperial Egypt during its Golden Age. Warrior, mighty builder and statesman, over the course of his 67-year-long reign (1279-1212 BCE), Ramesses II achieved more than any other pharaoh in the three millennia of ancient Egyptian civilization. Drawing on the latest research, Peter Brand reveals Ramesses the Great as a gifted politician, canny elder statesman, and tenacious warrior. With restless energy, he fully restored the office of Pharaoh to unquestioned levels of prestige and authority, thereby bringing stability to Egypt. He ended almost seven decades of warfare between Egypt and the Hittite Empire by signing the earliest international peace treaty in recorded history. In his later years, even as he outlived many of his own children and grandchildren, Ramesses II became a living god and finally, an immortal legend. Forty years after the publication of Kenneth Kitchen's Pharaoh Triumphant, here at last is a fresh, engaging look at Ramesses II, Egypt's ultimate Pharaoh Trade Review“Dr Brand’s book is well and authoritatively written, with an excellent choice of illustrations, mainly in colour. It is to be wholeheartedly recommended, and will certainly become the standard English language work on Rameses II for the foreseeable future.” Aidan Dodson, Egyptian Archaeology Issue 63 Autumn 2023Table of ContentsPreface List of Figures Abbreviations Chronology Map of Egypt and Nubia Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Rise of the Ramessides: The Reigns of Ramesses I and Sety I Chapter 3: Crown Prince Ramesses and His Career under Sety I Chapter 4: The Early Reign of Ramesses II Chapter 5: The Battle of Kadesh Chapter 6: Great of Victories: Ramesses II's Later Wars Chapter 7: All the King's Wives: Ramesses II's Royal Women Chapter 8: The Royal Children and their Ideological Role Chapter 9: The Path to Peace: International Diplomacy and the End of the Egyptian-Hittite Conflict Chapter 10: The Silver Treaty: The Egyptian-Hittite Peace Accords Chapter 11: Peace and Brotherhood: Diplomatic Relations Between the Egyptian and Hittite Courts Chapter 12: A Time of Wonders: The Earliest Royal Jubilees of Ramesses II and the First Hittite Marriage Alliance Chapter 13: Ramesses the Great God Chapter 14: Rich in Years: Monumental Construction and Hittite Relations during the Jubilee Period Chapter 15: Twilight of the Great God: Ramesses II's Last Years and His Descendants Chapter 16: Afterlife: The Legacy of Ramesses II Glossary Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe studies in this volume share a focus on religion in the ancient Mediterranean world: how ritual, myth, spectatorship, and travel reflect the continual interaction of human beings with the richly fictive beings who defined the boundaries of groups, access to the past, and mobility across land and seascapes. They share as well the methodological exploration of the intersection between human sciences, the integration of numerous disciplines around the study of all aspects of human life from the biological to the cultural, and the study of the past. In so doing, they continue a long dialogue that engages with critical models derived from specializations within history, philology, archaeology, sociology, and anthropology, and addresses, increasingly, the potentialities and pitfalls of quantitative and digital analyses. Many of the threads in this long conversation inform these chapters: the comparative project, human social evolution, disciplinary reflexivity, religion as an embedded, functional, and structural system, and the role for agency, networks, and materiality.

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Book SynopsisAncient Methone is situated in the northern Aegean in Greece, in the historical province of Macedonia; from the late eighth century B.C. it was a colony of the ancient Greek polis of Eretria (on the island of Euboia). Excavations carried out at the site since 2003 by the Greek Ministry of Culture have uncovered remains from the Late Neolithic period through the fourth-century B.C. destruction by Philip II of Macedon. These discoveries extend the history of the city by nearly three thousand years, into Greek prehistory. This 2-volume work presents results of the project in selected artifacts, burials and structures representing the chief phases of the city, in chronological order. An introduction covers historical sources, excavations from 2003 to 2013, and the unique location of Methone. Part I details the prehistoric settlement at Methone, from the fourth millennium to 1000 B.C., and the Bronze Age burials. Part II focuses on the copious artifacts and ecofacts from the Early Iron Age "Hypogeion" shaft. Part III presents artifacts and architecture from the Archaic and Classical periods, through the final days of the siege of the city in 354 B.C. The significance of this work lies in its interdisciplinary methods, combining stylistic analysis of artifacts and source-critical philology with natural history, bioarchaeology, materials analysis, and geochemistry. It reveals the long-term history of a site crucial to the economic and political history of Classical Greece and the north Aegean.Table of ContentsIntroduction: The Ancient Methone Archaeological Project. John K. Papadopoulos and Sarah P. Morris (with contributions by Antonis Kotsonas) Chapter 1 Excavations at Methone (2003-2013). Matthaios Bessios, Athena Athanassiadou, and Konstantinos Noulas Chapter 2 Methone in Ancient Sources. Yannis Z. Tzifopoulos Chapter 3 At the Water's Edge. Samantha L. Martin-McAuliffe PART I. METHONE BEFORE ERETRIA: THE LATE NEOLITHIC THROUGH EARLY IRON AGE SETTLEMENT Chapter 4 The Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Settlement and Pottery. Marianna Nikolaidou Chapter 5 The Middle and Late Bronze Age Pottery. Trevor Van Damme Chapter 6 The Late Bronze Age Cemetery. Sarah P. Morris, Sevi Triantaphyllou, and Vaso Papathanasiou (With Contributions by John K. Papadopoulos, Vanessa Muros, Brian Damiata, and John Southon) Chapter 7 The Early Iron Age Settlement and Pottery: An Overview. John K. Papadopoulos PART II. TRADE, INDUSTRY, AND LIFEWAYS IN EARLY IRON AGE METHONE: THE HYPOGEION Chapter 8 The Excavation of the Hypogeion. Matthaios Bessios Chapter 9 Catalogue of Select Pottery from the Hypogeion. Matthaios Bessios Chapter 10 Lifeways and Foodways in Iron Age Methone: A Perishable Material Culture Approach. Alexandra Livarda, Rena Veropoulidou, Anastasia Vasileiadou, and Llorenç Picornell-Gelabert Chapter 11 Inscriptions, Graffiti/Dipinti, and (Trade)Marks at Methone (ca. 700 B.C.). Yannis Z. Tzifopoulos Chapter 12 Why was Methone Colonized? Transport Amphoras and Greek Colonization between History and Archaeology. Antonis Kotsonas Chapter 13 Metallurgical Activity at Methone: The Evidence of the Stone Artifacts from the Hypogeion. Ioannis Manos and Ioannis Vlastaridis Chapter 14 Metallurgical Ceramics from the Hypogeion. Samuel Verdan Chapter 15 Metal Finds from the Hypogeion. John K. Papadopoulos Chapter 16 Clay Textile Tools from Methone: Spindlewhorls and Loomweights from the Hypogeion. Sarah P. Morris Chapter 17 Cut Sherd Disks from the Hypogeion. John K. Papadopoulos PART III. METHONE IN THE ARCHAIC AND CLASSICAL PERIODS Chapter 18 Building A on the East Hill of Ancient Methone. Samantha L. Martin-McAuliffe Chapter 19 a) Pottery Workshops of Ancient Methone. Matthaios Bessios b) Archaic Pottery from the Acropolis (West Hill) of Ancient Methone. Matthaios Bessios and Konstantinos Noulas Chapter 20 The Role of Methone in the Macedonian Timber Trade. Angelos Boufalis Chapter 21 Trade in the Archaic North Aegean: Transport Amphoras from the West Hill of Methone. Alexandra Kasseri Chapter 22 The East Greek Fine Pottery. John K. Papadopoulos Chapter 23 a) Selected Attic Black-Figure and Red-Figure Pottery from Methone. Seth Pevnick b) An Attic Red-Figure Cup by the Bonn Painter from Methone. Maria Tolia-Christakou Chapter 24 Terracotta Lamps. John K. Papadopoulos Chapter 25 Early Glass in Methone. Despina Ignatiadou (With a Contribution by Elissavet Dotsika, Petros Karalis, and Antonio Longinelli) Chapter 26 Metal Objects in Archaic and Classical Methone: Acropolis and its East Slope, the Agora, and the South Harbor Area. John K. Papadopoulos Chapter 27 Jewelry Molds from Methone from the Stamatios Tsakos Collection in the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki. Styliana Galiniki Chapter 28 The Lead Sling-Bullets from Methone: Warfare (Un)inscribed. Angelos Boufalis, Androniki Oikonomaki, and Yannis Z. Tzifopoulos Chapter 29 The Ancient Agora of Methone: Pottery from the Destruction Layer. Athena Athanassiadou

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Book SynopsisThe articles of this comprehensive edited volume offer a multidisciplinary, global and comparative approach to the history of empires. They analyze their ends over a long spectrum of humankind’s history, ranging from Ancient History through Modern Times. As the main guiding question, every author of this volume scrutinizes the reasons for the decline, the erosion, and the implosion of individual empires.All contributions locate and highlight different factors that triggered or at least supported the ending or the implosion of empires. This overall question makes all the contributions to this volume comparable and allows to detect similarities, differences as well as inconsistencies of historical processes.Table of ContentsIntroductionDecline, Collapse, Fall, or just Transformation: Diverging Ends of Empires through Time and SpaceAntiquityDer Zusammenbruch des mesopotamischen Staates von AkkadeThe Decline of the Ur III dynasty – The End of an Empire and its Afterlife in the Collective Memory of Mesopotamian SocietiesThe Collapse of the Hittitie KingdomThe End of New Kingdom EgyptThe End of the Neo-Assyrian EmpireThe “End” of the Achaemenid-Persian Empire: Caesura and Transformation in DialogueThe End of the Roman Empire: Civil Wars, the Imperial Monarchy, and the End of AntiquityThe End of the Parthian Arsacid EmpireThe End of the Ērānšahar: The Decline of the Sasanian EmpireThe End of the Kushan EmpireIslam/Muslim WorldFrom Universalism to RegionalismThe Question of the Break-Up of the Abbasid Empire RevisitedThe End of the Mongol EmpireThe End of the Timurid EmpireAfrica, Asia, ChinaThe Decline and Collapse of the Kingdom of Aksum (6th-7th cent. AD): An Environmental Disaster or the End of a Political Process?What Role did Climate Change Play in the Decline of the Tang Dynasty?Thoughts about The Decentralization of the Mughal EmpireHow do Empires Fall? Two Case Studies from Pre-modern Southeast AsiaThe AmericasThe Decline and Fall of the Inca Empire The Downfall of Aztec Rule, 1519-21Middle Age and Modern HistoryThe Fall of the Napoleonic EmpireDas Ende des Spanischen KolonialreichesThe End of the Portuguese Colonial EmpireDas Ende des polnisch-litauischen Großreichs als DiskussionsfrageThe End of World War IStructural Problems, Personal Failure or just Contingency? The End of the Russian EmpireThe End of the German Empire 1918?The End of the Habsburg MonarchyThe Long Lasting End of the Ottoman EmpireThe End of World War II and the Cold WarDas Ende des faschistischen ImperiumsThe Rise and Fall of Hitler’s Empire (1933–1945)The End of the USSRA Never – Ending Empire? The Decline of the United KingdomAmerica’s Decline on Display: The Presidential Transition

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Book SynopsisA Smaller History of Greece, authored by William Smith, offers readers a concise yet comprehensive journey through the rich historical tapestry of ancient Greece. Drawing upon his expertise as a classicist and historian, Smith presents a condensed narrative that captures the essence of Greek civilization, from its mythical origins to its pivotal contributions to philosophy, politics, arts, and warfare. The book navigates through key epochs such as the rise of city-states, the flourishing of Athens' democratic governance, and the influence of philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. It delves into the Persian Wars, highlighting the Greeks' steadfast defense against overwhelming odds. Smith also explores the complexities of Spartan society and the transformative campaigns of Alexander the Great. With a skillful blend of narrative and analysis, A Smaller History of Greece provides readers with a clear understanding of Greece's impact on Western civilization. The author's concise style doesn't compromise the depth of knowledge shared, making this work a valuable resource for students, history enthusiasts, and anyone seeking a succinct yet informative exploration of ancient Greece's legacy. William Smith's expertise shines in this accessible yet scholarly account, offering readers a compelling journey through the triumphs, conflicts, and enduring legacy of one of history's most influential civilizations.

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Hippos delves deeply into all aspects of ancient Athenian horsemanship, from the scientific analysis of a horse skeleton recently excavated at Phaleron to the roles of horses in Greek religion. Major discussion is devoted to hippotrophia, the training of equines, their competitive activities in horse racing, and their important role in the cavalry. This richly illustrated book consists of over 40 short essays on diverse topics such as the practices for naming of Athenian horses, their appearance on the city's coinage, the make-up of a chariot, the advice of the Athenian cavalry commander Xenophon, the cavalry inspection, and the possible appearance of horses on the Greek stage. This bilingual volume is the result of an exhibition held at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens in 2022. All of the objects in the exhibit are included, from small silver coins to large marble memorials for slain cavalry officers. Many of the artifacts documenting the Athenian cavalry come from wells in the Athenian Agora. Horse racing was a passion of all Greeks, but only Athens had a hero (Hippothoon) suckled by a mare. This book makes clear that hippomania was rampant in ancient Athens, just as Aristophanes implied in his comedies.

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Book SynopsisDespite the prominence of ancient temples in the landscape of Egypt, books about them are surprisingly rare. This new and essential publication from a prominent Czech scholar answers the need for a study that goes beyond temple architecture to examine the spiritual, economic, and political aspects of these institutions and the dominant roles they played. Miroslav Verner presents a deeper and more complex study of major ancient Egyptian religious centers, their principal temples, their rise and decline, their religious doctrines, cults, rituals, feasts, and mysteries. Also discussed are the various categories of priests, the organization of the priesthood, and its daily services and customs. Each chapter offers the reader essential and up-to-date information about temple complexes and the history of their archaeological exploration, in the context of the spiritual dimension and cultural legacy of ancient Egypt.

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Book SynopsisThis book presents a concise account of the lives and times of some of the more significant occupants of the Egyptian throne, from the unification of the country around 3000 BC down to the extinction of native rule just under three millennia later. Some, such as Thutmose III, had a major impact on their time, and were remembered by their own people until the very civilization collapsed. Others, such as Tutankhamun, were soon forgotten by the Egyptians themselves, only to burst into popular culture thousands of years after their deaths, as a result of the labors of modern archaeologists. Still more remain unknown outside the small circle of professional archaeologists, but led lives that call out for wider dissemination. This book sets out to provide a mix of all three categories, in an attempt to present a balanced view of Egyptian kings and their range of achievements.First published in 1995, Monarchs of the Nile has now been extensively revised and rewritten to take into account two further decades of research and excavation.Trade Review"This especially readable volume packs great detail into eighteen chapters (which generally deal with their subjects thematically: i.e., "Openers of the Ways," "Seizers of the Two Lands," "Kings of the Sun," "Feud of the Ramessides," "Of Kings and Priests," etc.). There is also a useful Chronology (with kings' nomens and prenomens) and a unique list of the Royal Cemeteries (who was buried where), as well as several maps, at the end of the volume. Additionally, the author provides genealogies in the text, where these help clarify confusing lines of descent"--KMTTable of ContentsList of IllustrationsForewordPrefaceMaps1. The Land and its People2. The Egyptian Monarchy3. The Founders 4. The First Pyramid Builders 5. The Openers of the Ways 6. Collapse and Recovery 7. The Seizers of the Two Lands8. The Liberators 9. The Queen and the Conqueror 10. The Kings of the Sun 11. The Power and the Glory 12. The Feud of the Ramesides 13. Defender of the Frontiers 14. Of Kings and Priests 15. The Rise and Fall of the Libyan Pharaohs 16. The Other Egypt 17. The Dimming Glory 18. Native Sunset Epilogue Chronology and the Kings of Dynastic EgyptThe Royal CemeteriesFurther ReadingIndex

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Book SynopsisThe discovery of ancient Egypt and the development of Egyptology are momentous events in intellectual and cultural history. The history of Egyptology is the story of the people, famous and obscure, who constructed the picture of ancient Egypt that we have today, recovered the Egyptian past while inventing it anew, and made a lost civilization comprehensible to generations of enchanted readers and viewers thousands of years later. This, the third of a three-volume history of Egyptology, follows the progress of the discipline from the trauma of the First World War, through the vicissitudes of the twentieth century, and into Egyptology's new horizons at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Wonderful Things affirms that the history of ancient Egypt has proved continually fascinating, but it also demonstrates that the history of Egyptology is no less so. Only by understanding how Egyptology has developed can we truly understand the Egyptian past.Trade ReviewThe coverage of Egyptology and its struggles to survive during the two great wars, particularly the catastrophic losses in the Great War, are a valuable insight ... Without question, this book is a major contribution to the study of Egyptology and will long remain so, for both practising Egyptologists and lay aficionados. * Ancient Egypt *This remarkable three-volume tour de force fittingly ends on Egyptology in Egypt: new museums and the long anticipated opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum. Thompson rightly notes GEM as its ‘happy acronym’. This volume is likewise a gem. * Egyptian Archaeology *Jason Thompson has written what is by far the best history of Egyptology yet. Filled with fascinating facts and characters, Thompson's book is comprehensive and eminently readable and certain to become the standard history of the field for many years to come. * Kent Weeks *“Thompson’s account demonstrates the multiple array of events, personalities, political developments and intellectual inclinations that contributed to shaping the field of Egyptology as it emerged as a self-conscious discipline. Moving beyond the familiar recounting of great discoveries in Egypt, . . . Wonderful Things seeks to demonstrate the power and complexities of Egyptological activities in fashioning the story of ancient Egypt. We learn much about the less acknowledged characters in the narratives of Egyptology, appreciating the different types of contributions individuals made beyond the practices of ‘digging and writing’. The new insights Thompson provides on those who simply ‘made things happen’ is not only fascinating but serves as an extremely valuable contribution to the evaluation of Egyptology’s legacy. This is an incisive anatomy of a discipline that challenges our all too familiar assumptions about how Egyptology came to be.” -- Stephanie MoserWonderful Things: A History of Egyptology: From Antiquity to 1881 is an excellent first installment on something the field has long been lacking--a comprehensive history of Egyptology. After surveying the Greeks and Romans, medieval writers, and the European scholars and travelers of the Renaissance and Enlightenment, Jason Thompson hits full stride with the nineteenth-century. The French expedition and Champollion’s decipherment gave birth to modern Egyptology, and this is the century in which Thompson—the author of definititve biographies of Egyptologists and Orientalists Gardiner Wilkinson and Edward William Lane—feels most fully at home. After the Description de l’Égypte and Champollion come Richard Lepsius, Heinrich Brugsch, Samuel Birch, and Auguste Mariette. All the great figures and landmarks are there, and many lesser ones as well. Both scholars and general readers will eagerly anticipate the second and third volumes to carry the story down to the present. -- Donald M. Reid"This well-researched and authoritative account of the history of Egyptology will become the definitive reference tool for anyone interested in the development of this academic discipline. In this first volume of his study, the author has delved deep into the surviving archives to undercover the growth of Egyptology from antique times until the astonishing success of Mariette. Unlike previous works which only dealt with the highlights of Egyptian archaeology, he covers both the academic and archaeological aspects of the subject and shines a light on many unsung heroes of Egyptology who had been edged out of the limelight by the more well known. When completed, this study will form a lasting memorial to the men and women who in their various ways rescued the past of Egypt. -- Morris Bierbrier“[Wonderful Things] is a remarkable achievement: a scholarly work packed with facts but one which is also genuinely readable. It is ambitious in its scope and detail. To follow the growth of an arcane but also a highly romantic branch of learning becomes in Thompson’s book something close to an adventure. The author successfully convey his infectious enthusiasm for the subject but writes with a degree of detachment that allows him to be refreshingly and occasionally almost ruthlessly trenchant and critical.” * from the Foreword by Jaromir Malek *At last a definitive history, which does justice not only to the major players but to lesser lights as well. Wonderful Things will be immensely valuable. -- Brian Fagan, author of The Rape of the NileRemarkably thorough and yet refreshingly readable, this action-packed history of Egyptology is driven by some extraordinary characters—mostly men but some notable women—who needed to learn everything they could about the culture, land, and language of ancient Egypt. As much a study of European colonialism in Egypt as a historiography of seventeenth- to nineteenth-century scholarship, this volume [1] is an absolute necessity for anybody with an interest in pharaonic Egypt. -- Kara CooneyTable of ContentsChronological Outline of Ancient Egyptian History Maps Preface Acknowledgments 1. Egyptology and the Great War 2. Resuming the Field 3. Wonderful Things 4. The Pharaoh’s Curse 5. Winds of Change 6. George A. Reisner and His Colleagues at Giza 7. Farther South: Nubia and Sudan 8. New Dimensions in Prehistory 9. Inter-War: The Library 10. Years of Uncertainty 11. Nazi Egyptology and the Second World War 12. An Egyptological Intermediate Period 13. Nubian Rescue: The Temples 14. Nubian Rescue: The Archaeology 15. Resuming the Field—Again: Saqqara and Lower Egypt 16: Resuming the Field—Again: Upper Egypt and Beyond 17. Language and Art 18. Writing Ancient Egyptian History 19. Women in Egyptology 20. Points of Departure Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThis book explores the long-term trends in the development of what was the first complex civilization in history, the Old Kingdom of Egypt (c. 2650–2200 BC), the period that saw the construction of eternal monuments such as Djoser’s Step Pyramid complex in Saqqara, the pyramids of the great Fourth Dynasty kings in Giza, and spectacular tombs of high officials throughout Egypt. The present study aims to show that the historical trajectory of the period was marked by specific processes that characterize most of the world’s civilizations: the role of the ruling elite, the growth of bureaucracy, the proliferation of interest groups, and adaptation to climate change, to name but a few—and the way that these processes held the germ of ultimate collapse. The case is made that the rise and fall of the Old Kingdom state is of relevance to the study of the anatomy of development of any complex civilization.Table of ContentsPreface 1. The Way Up and the Way Down Are One and the Same 2. Rivers, Climate, and History 3. Heraclitus Principle and Punctuated Equilibria Theory 4. Collapse in the Desert 5. Building Up Strength 6. The Curtain Goes Up 7. The Empire of the Sun God 8. Kings and Kinglets 9. The Land Turns Like the Potter’s Wheel Afterword Notes Bibliography

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Book SynopsisDuring the half-millennium from the eleventh through the sixth centuries BC, the power and the glory of the imperial pharaohs of the New Kingdom crumbled in the face of internal crises and external pressures, ultimately reversed by invaders from Nubia and consolidated by natives of the Nile Delta following a series of Assyrian invasions. Much of this era remains obscure, with little consensus among Egyptologists. Against this background, Aidan Dodson reconsiders the evidence and proposes a number of new solutions to the problems of the period. He also considers the era's art, architecture, and archaeology, including the royal tombs of Tanis, one of which yielded the intact burials of no fewer than five pharaohs. Afterglow of Empire is extensively illustrated with images of this material, much of which is little known to non-specialists.Trade ReviewA very readable, excellent study of one of the more complicated periods of Egyptian history . . . an excellent book, well researched, well written and well illustrated throughout. . . . Every now and again there comes a book which one should buy–this is such a book. -- Egyptian Archaeology, March 2014Table of ContentsCONTENTSPreface ixAbbreviations and Conventions Used in Text xiiiMaps xviiIntroduction: Imperial Egypt 1 The Fall of the House of Rameses 32 Of Tanis and Thebes 393 The House of Shoshenq 834 Disintegrations 1135 Saviors from the South? 1396 From Humiliation to Renaissance 169Appendices 1811 The Absolute Chronology of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period 1812 Outline Chronology of Ancient Egypt 1903 Correlation of Reigns, Regnal Years, and Pontificates 1954 Hieroglyphic Titularies of Kings and God’s Wives 2025 Genealogies 228Sources of Images 235Notes 237Bibliography 285Index 315

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Book SynopsisThis illustrated book is the culmination of a project to document and conserve the tomb of Menna, one of the most beautiful and complex painted tombs of the ancient Egyptian necropolis at Luxor. Through conservation, the tomb, which previously lay open to environmental influence, was brought back to its former glory. Aided by non-invasive methods of scientific analysis, the historical and cultural importance of Menna’s paintings can now be viewed and studied and enjoyed by a worldwide audience. High-definition photography and drawings complement specialist essays by scholars, scientists, and technicians, who discuss the artistic and cultural significance of the paintings, their architectural context, and scientific importance. Directed by Dr. Hartwig and administered by the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE) as part of its Egyptian Antiquities Conservation Project, the project was funded by a grant from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), sponsored by Georgia State University, and carried out in collaboration with Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities.Trade Review"Gorgeous tomb. Gorgeous book. If only all ancient Egyptian tombs were published like this."—Kara Cooney, UCLATable of ContentsContributors List of Illustrations and Tables Foreword Gerry Scott III Acknowledgments Introduction: The Significance of the Tomb Chapel of Menna (TT 69) Melinda Hartwigˆ Abbreviations of Locations in TT69 5 Part 1: The Tomb Chapel of Menna (TT 69) 1: The Tomb of Menna and Its Owner Melinda Hartwig 2: Scenes and Texts in the Tomb Chapel of Menna Melinda Hartwig Part 2: Methods of Analysis, Conservation, and Documentation 3: Archaeometry Research on the Wall Paintings in the Tomb Chapel of Menna Renata García-Moreno, François-Philippe Hocquet, François Mathis, Elsa Van Elslande, David Strivay, and Peter Vandenabeele 4: Conservation of the Tomb Chapel of Menna Bianca Madden, Cristina Beretta, Greg Howarth, Sasa Kosinova, Mark Perry, Doug Thorp, and Melinda Hartwig 5: Photographic and Digital Survey of the Tomb Chapel of Menna Katy Doyle and Pieter Collet 6: Visual and Archaeometric Analysis of the Paintings I: Visual Analysis of the Paintings Melinda Hartwig and Kerstin Leterme II. Archaeometric Analysis of the Paintings Melinda Hartwig Part 3: The Tomb Chapel of Menna in Context 7: The Tomb Chapel of Menna in Historical, Religious, and Artistic Context Melinda Hartwig List of Abbreviations Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAncient Egyptian medicine employed advanced surgical practices, while the prevention and treatment of diseases relied mostly on natural remedies and magical incantations. Following the successful first volume of The Medicine of the Ancient Egyptians, which dealt with surgical practices and the treatment of women and children, this second volume explores a wide range of internal medical problems that the Egyptian population suffered in antiquity, and various methods of their treatment. These include ailments of the respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems, chiefly heart diseases of various types, coughs, stomachaches, constipation, diarrhea, internal parasites, and many other medical conditions. Drawing on formulas and descriptions in the Ebers papyrus and other surviving ancient Egyptian medical papyri, as well as physical evidence and wall depictions, the authors present translations of the medical treatises together with commentaries and interpretations in the light of modern medical knowledge. The ancient texts contain numerous recipes for the preparation of various remedies, often herbal in the form of pills, drinks, ointments, foods, or enemas. These reveal a great deal about ancient Egyptian physicians and their deep understanding of the healing properties of herbs and other medicinal substances. Illustrated with thirty-five photographs and line drawings, The Medicine of the Ancient Egyptians: 2: Internal Medicine is highly recommended reading for scholars of ancient Egyptian medicine and magic, as well as for paleopathologists, medical historians, and physical anthropologists.

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Book SynopsisTrade ReviewA classic. It provides an invaluable aid to anyone seeking to understand Plato and Aristotle in their historical context. Dover uses a variety of literary sources to set out, with clarity and deep sensitivity, popular views on moral, political, and religious matters in fourth-century Greece. --Michael Morgan, Indiana University

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Book SynopsisMeineck and Woodruff''s new annotated translations of Sophocles'' Ajax, Women of Trachis, Electra, and Philoctetes combine the same standards of accuracy, concision, clarity, and powerful speech that have so often made their Theban Plays a source of epiphany in the classroom and of understanding in the theatre. Woodruff''s Introduction offers a brisk and stimulating discussion of central themes in Sophoclean drama, the life of the playwright, staging issues, and each of the four featured plays.Trade ReviewIn these new translations Meineck and Woodruff have struck a near-ideal balance between accuracy and readability, formality and colloquialism. Their versions are simply a pleasure to read, conveying with remarkable vividness the powerful characterizations and poetic variety of the originals. The addition of succinct but illuminating notes makes this an exemplary volume for anyone interested in Sophocles' dramatic art. --Andrew Szegedy-Maszak, Department of Classics, Wesleyan University[T]his sequel to the same pair's well-received translation of the Theban plays hits an appropriate mean . . . a text that I could happily adopt for teaching. --Malcolm Heath in Greece and RomeTable of ContentsIntroduction; Notes on the Translations; Map: Sophoclean geography; House of Pelops Family Tree; Ajax; Women of Trachis; Electra; Philoctetes; Endnotes.

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Book SynopsisA new title in the British Museumâs Object in Focus series, concentrating on a fascinating mammoth ivory model depicting a Siberian summer festival.

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Book SynopsisThis compact book, packed with glorious colour photography joins a series on the stand out holdings of the British Museum. It describes the discovery, conservation and analysis of the corpse of Lindow Man, Britain's best preserved bog body, dating to the late Iron Age.

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Book SynopsisBeautifully illustrated with photographs of the statue and contextual images, and including archival material relating to the British Museum's acquisition, this book tells the story of this magnificent artefact, discussing alongside the draw of colossal Egyptian sculpture, the history of the reign of Ramesses II and the nature of the statue's acquisition.

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Book SynopsisIncorporating the latest scholarly developments to offer an in-depth account of the history of the Byzantine Empire, this revised edition sheds new light on the Empire's culture, theology, and economic and socio-political spheres. Charting from the Empire's origins, to its expansion and influence over the Mediterranean, later revival, and eventual fall this book covers more than 1,000 years of history. With analysis of the Empire's changing social infrastructure, key events, and the broader cultural environment, Stathakopoulos expertly analyses how and why it became a powerhouse of literature, art, theology and learning, whilst also examining its aftermath and afterlife and enduring significance today. Drawing on a variety of English and non-English sources, in addition to a plethora of visual and textual materials, this book is an invaluable resource for scholars, students, and general readers alike.Trade ReviewA fresh and smart introduction to a part of the Medieval History of Europe that is still little known. A guide to discover the Eastern Roman Empire loved by my university students and a clear overview to introduce all those passionate about history who are still wondering about what Byzantium was. * Alessandra Bucossi, Associate Professor of Byzantine Studies, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Italy *A crisp, clear overview of more than a thousand years of history. Dionysios Stathakopoulos had crammed in a huge amount of information into this slim volume – and in a way that is engaging, readable and enjoyable. An impressive achievement all round. * Peter Frankopan, Professor of Global History & Director, The Oxford Centre for Byzantine Research, University of Oxford, UK *Table of ContentsList of Maps and Illustrations Acknowledgements Introduction: What is Byzantium? Timeline 1. Becoming the Eastern Roman Empire, 330–491 2. Masters of the Mediterranean, 491–602 3. Negotiating Retraction, 602–717 4. From Survival to Revival, 717–867 5. Expansion and Radiance, 867–1056 6. The Appearance of Strength 1056–1204 7. The Legacy of Fragmentation, 1204–1341 8. Heading for the Fall, 1341–1453 9. Aftermath and Afterlife Appendices Further Reading Index

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Book SynopsisIn a beautiful, fully illustrated package, this modern, witty take on familiar Greek myths with a focus on the wild and wonderful role plants have played in the stories over centuries is Song of Achilles meets The Secret Life of Trees.

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Book SynopsisTwo thousand years ago, southern Scotland was part of a great empire, the Roman Empire. About AD 140, a Roman army marched north from what is now Northumbria and, 20 years after and over 100 miles further north than Hadrian’s Wall, built a new frontier across the Forth-Clyde isthmus. With reference to contemporary coins and literary sources together with the archaeological remains, inscriptions and sculpture from the Antonine Wall itself, David Breeze explains the historical context for, and the creation of, the fortifications. Stunning photography by David Henrie of Historic Scotland illustrates all aspects of this most northerly Roman frontier. These photographs help us to appreciate the Antonine Wall in its landscape and allow us a visual explanation for its construction almost 2000 years ago.

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Book SynopsisTrade Review"A gem of a book. . . . Powell, who wears his learning as lightly as seersucker . . . is always sensitive to the Greek, and brings it across into clear, natural English, at the pitch-perfect register for the solemn or the ludic hymn." * Spectator *"An impressive volume that we think lovers of poetry and of classical antiquity will appreciate." * Coffee with the Poets *"This is a useful volume for the study of ancient Greek culture and, with its wealth of mythological and geographical lore, could be an illuminating companion to a tour of Greek sites and museums." * Religious Studies Review *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Maps Introduction Meter and Performance Annotation; the Spelling of Ancient Names and Places; Greek Texts The Homeric Hymns The Hymns of Callimachus The Orphic Hymns The Hymns of Proclus 1. Zeus Homeric Hymn 23: To Zeus Callimachus Hymn 1: To Zeus Orphic Hymn 15: To Zeus Orphic Hymn 19: To Zeus the Thunderbolt Orphic Hymn 20: To Astrapaios Zeus 2. Hera Homeric Hymn 12: To Hera Orphic Hymn 16: To Hera 3. Poseidon Homeric Hymn 22: To Poseidon Orphic Hymn 17: To Poseidon 4. Athena Homeric Hymn 11: To Athena Homeric Hymn 28: To Athena Callimachus Hymn 5: To Athena; On the Baths of Pallas Orphic Hymn 32: To Athena Proclus Hymn 7: To Wise Athena 5. Demeter, Persephone, and Hades Homeric Hymn 2: To Demeter Homeric Hymn 13: To Demeter Callimachus Hymn 6: To Demeter Orphic Hymn 40: To Eleusinian Demeter Orphic Hymn 41: To Mother Antaia Orphic Hymn 29: To Persephone Orphic Hymn 18: To Plouton 6. Aphrodite Homeric Hymn 5: To Aphrodite Homeric Hymn 6: To Aphrodite Homeric Hymn 10: To Aphrodite Orphic Hymn 55: To Aphrodite Proclus Hymn 2: To Aphrodite Proclus Hymn 5: To the Lycian Aphrodite 7. Hephaistos Homeric Hymn 20: To Hephaistos Orphic Hymn 66: To Hephaistos 8. Apollo and the Muses Homeric Hymn 3: To Apollo Homeric Hymn 21: To Apollo Homeric Hymn 25: To The Muses and Apollo Callimachus Hymn 2: To Apollo Callimachus Hymn 4: To Delos Orphic Hymn 34: To Apollo Orphic Hymn 35: To Leto Orphic Hymn 76: To the Muses Proclus Hymn 3: To the Muses 9. Artemis Homeric Hymn 9: To Artemis Homeric Hymn 27: To Artemis Callimachus Hymn 3: To Artemis Orphic Hymn 36: To Artemis 10. Hermes and Pan Homeric Hymn 4: To Hermes Homeric Hymn 18: To Hermes Orphic Hymn 28: To Hermes Orphic Hymn 57: To Chthonic Hermes Homeric Hymn 19: To Pan Orphic Hymn 11: To Pan 11. Dionysos Homeric Hymn 1: To Dionysos Homeric Hymn 7: To Dionysos Homeric Hymn 26: To Dionysos Orphic Hymn 30: To Dionysos Orphic Hymn 45: To Dionysos Bassareus and Triennial Orphic Hymn 46: To Dionysos Liknites Orphic Hymn 47: To Dionysos Perikonios Orphic Hymn 50: To Dionysos Lysios Lenaios Orphic Hymn 52: To Dionysos, God of the Triennial Feasts Orphic Hymn 53: To Dionysos, God of Annual Feasts Orphic Hymn 44: To Semelê 12. Ares Homeric Hymn 8: To Ares Orphic Hymn 65: To Ares 13. Hestia Homeric Hymn 24: To Hestia Homeric Hymn 29: To Hestia Orphic Hymn 84: To Hestia 14. Sun, Moon, Earth, Hekatê, and All the Gods Homeric Hymns 31 and 32: To the Sun and the Moon Orphic Hymn 8: To the Sun Orphic Hymn 9: To the Moon Proclus Hymn 1: To Helios Homeric Hymn 30: To Earth Mother of All Orphic Hymn 26: To Earth Orphic Hymn 1: To Hekatê Proclus Hymn 6: To the Mother of the Gods, Hekatê, and Janus/Zeus Proclus Hymn 4: To All the Gods Bibliography Glossary/Index

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