Agribusiness and primary industries Books

Book SynopsisStates in mineral-rich jurisdictions promote mining as a development industry, and at the same time attempt to protect people and the environment from the worst excesses of extractivism and neo-extractivism. Exploring how the State's role in facilitating a developmental and sustainable mining industry has been defined, this eminent work is a world-first analysis of the principal narratives framing mining, development and sustainability in developed and developing countries. Through a global, comparative analysis, Tracy-Lynn Field illustrates how these themes are woven into the technical governance areas of property, taxation, environmental assessment and mine closure. Ultimately, this book shows how the promotional and protective role of the State constituted by the advocacy, policies and laws of international financial institutions, industry associations, activists, and mineral-rich jurisdictions supports an unsustainable system of global mining production. Progressive in its approach, the book concludes with insightful thoughts on the paradigm of post-extractivism. State Governance of Mining, Development and Sustainability is a must read for students and scholars interested in the law and governance of mining and development, as well as environmental law and governance more widely. Its practical implications will also prove informative for practitioners and policy makers working in the field.Trade Review'In a time of ecological crisis, with ever present evidence of social conflict arising from mining development, Tracy-Lynn Field's painstaking examination of the contested discourses of sustainable mining and the role of the state makes a major contribution. Going beyond critique with a detailed comparative assessment of laws relating to property, tax, and environment, Field ultimately reveals how a post-extractivist frame could underpin transformation away from the chronic environmental, social and economic externalities that continue to plague global mining.' --Sara L Seck, Dalhousie University, CanadaTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction: State Governance of Mining, Development and Sustainability 2. The State, Mining, Development and Sustainability: Pro-Mining Discourses 3. The State, Mining, Development and Sustainability: Discourses of Dissent 4. The State, Mining and Property Institutions 5. The State, Mining and Taxation 6. The State, Mining and Environmental Assessment 7. The State and Mine Closure 8. Towards Post-Extractivism Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisLisa Clark's scholarly account of the development of the organic movement in the United States and Canada beautifully explains the decades-long transition from understanding organic production as inextricably tied to healthy soils, communities, and social justice ('process-based') to views of organics as meeting certain standards for marketing purposes (product-based). Read this book and you will care deeply about the difference in these views as well as understand current debates about the future of organics.'- Marion Nestle, New York University, US and author of What to Eat'In this fascinating book, Lisa F. Clark presents the history of organic food in North America, from its early roots as a marginal farming activity to its well-established position in today's food market. She analyses political institutions, social movements and corporate actors in how they deal with the delicate question of balancing the search for increasing the market for organic food while maintaining broad organic values. Without offering simple answers to this question, Clark offers important insights into the different approaches to this question. This book is very interesting and highly relevant for anyone interested in organic food in North America and beyond.'- Peter Oosterveer, Wageningen University, the Netherlands'In a globalized food system that struggles to connect the environmental, social, economic and governance dimensions of sustainability, this book provides precious insights. It documents the birth, development and 'mid-age crisis' of the organic movement in North America. The historic lack of clarity between organic principles and practices, and especially the insertion of the organic sector into the global trade regime, have left behind the process-related goal of organic production. Seventy years of lessons, ebbs and flows of a movement searching for an authentic future. A must read for all those interested in sustainable agriculture, institutional challenges faced by value-based movements and visioning organic agriculture pathways.'- Nadia El-Hage Scialabba, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ItalyThe Changing Politics of Organic Food in North America explores the political dynamics of the remarkable transition of organic food from a 'fringe fad' in the 1960s to a multi-billion dollar industry in the 2000s. Taking a multidisciplinary, institutionalist approach that integrates social movement theory, public policy analysis and value chain analysis, it tells the story of how the organic movement responded to the social, economic and political changes brought on by the rise of industrial agriculture in the twentieth century.This book examines how the changing constellation of actors, institutions and ideas involved in the politics of organic food influenced the evolving goals and principles of the organic movement, including the muting of social and political organic principles in formal policy and the eclipse of the 'process-based' definition of organic by the 'product-based' definition. It discusses the integration of organic food into the globalized food system and how food and agriculture movements have responded to the forces of industrialization and globalization, as well as critically analyzing the vulnerability of social movements that do not address market interactions in their mandates.This timely and impactful book is a theoretical and empirical resource for researchers and advanced students working on organic food, agriculture, comparative public policy analysis, trade policy, institutionalism and social movements, as well as those involved in making food and agriculture policy.Trade Review‘This insightful book will be valuable to those interested in environmental economics, food and agricultural policy, and social movement theory.’ -- Choice‘Lisa Clark’s scholarly account of the development of the organic movement in the United States and Canada beautifully explains the decades-long transition from understanding organic production as inextricably tied to healthy soils, communities, and social justice (“process-based”) to views of organics as meeting certain standards for marketing purposes (product-based). Read this book and you will care deeply about the difference in these views as well as understand current debates about the future of organics.’ -- Marion Nestle, New York University, US and author of What to Eat‘In this fascinating book, Lisa F. Clark presents the history of organic food in North America, from its early roots as a marginal farming activity to its well-established position in today’s food market. She analyses political institutions, social movements and corporate actors in how they deal with the delicate question of balancing the search for increasing the market for organic food while maintaining broad organic values. Without offering simple answers to this question, Clark offers important insights into the different approaches to this question. This book is very interesting and highly relevant for anyone interested in organic food in North America and beyond.’ -- Peter Oosterveer, Wageningen University, the Netherlands‘In a globalized food system that struggles to connect the environmental, social, economic and governance dimensions of sustainability, this book provides precious insights. It documents the birth, development and “mid-age crisis” of the organic movement in North America. The historic lack of clarity between organic principles and practices, and especially the insertion of the organic sector into the global trade regime, have left behind the process-related goal of organic production. Seventy years of lessons, ebbs and flows of a movement searching for an authentic future. A must read for all those interested in sustainable agriculture, institutional challenges faced by value-based movements and visioning organic agriculture pathways.’ -- Nadia El-Hage Scialabba, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Italy‘Lisa Clark provides a thorough, scholarly accounting of the early beginnings of organic agriculture, how this type of production found support in the new social movements of the 1960s and 1970s, and the subsequent institutionalization and resultant codification of organic stan-dards into federal-level legislation beginning in the 1990s.’ -- Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental StudiesTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. A Clash of Values: Competing Definitions of Organic 3. Business as Usual? Conventional Corporate Strategies in the Organic Food Sector 4. From Private to Public: Institutionalizing Organic Food Standards into Policy 5. Globalizing Organics: The Role of Trade Agreements and International Organizations in Regulating Trade in Organic Food 6. The Development and Transformation of the Organic Social Movement 7. New Actors, New Directions: The Contemporary Organic Movement as an Advocacy Network 8. Conclusions – Organic Limited Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book is a must read for those interested in the role cooperatives play in fostering local rural development and alleviating rural poverty. Through conceptual pieces, case studies, essays and empirical work, the papers in this volume illustrate the complex challenges facing cooperatives as they attempt to address market failures, remain cost competitive vis-à-vis transnational agribusinesses, adopt good internal governance practices, navigate the political challenges in their local environments and adapt to and influence the institutional environment in which they operate.'- Murray Fulton, University of Saskatchewan, CanadaAgricultural cooperatives and producer organizations are institutional innovations which have the potential to reduce poverty and improve food security. This book presents a raft of international case studies, from developing and transition countries, to analyse the internal and external challenges that these complex organizations face and the solutions that they have developed.The contributors provide an increased understanding of the transformation of traditional community organizations into modern farmer-owned businesses. They cover issues including: the impact on rural development and inclusiveness, the role of social capital, formal versus informal organizations, democratic participation and member relations, and their role in value chains.Students and scholars will find the book's multidisciplinary approach useful in their research. It will also be of interest to policy-makers seeking to understand the wide diversity of organizational forms and functions. NGOs, donors and governments seeking to support rural developments will benefit from the discussions raised in this book.Contributors: J. Bijman, K. Blokland, M.L. Cook, J. Duncan, A.Groot Kormelinck, M. Hanisch, J. Hellin, G. Hendrikse, Y. Hu, X. Jia, B. Losch, R. Muradian, G. Muricho, D.J. O'Brien, S. Pascucci, D. Pesche, C. Plaisier, R. Ruben, J. Schuurman, B. Shiferaw, S. Singh, K. WedigTrade Review‘This work presents a most useful source of information that -- is likely to be of value to both scholars and policymakers, aswell as those who are actively involved in constructing farmerorganisations.’David Skydmore, Food Security‘This book is a must read for those interested in the role cooperatives play in fostering local rural development and alleviating rural poverty. Through conceptual pieces, case studies, essays and empirical work, the papers in this volume illustrate the complex challenges facing cooperatives as they attempt to address market failures, remain cost competitive vis-à-vis transnational agribusinesses, adopt good internal governance practices, navigate the political challenges in their local environments and adapt to and influence the institutional environment in which they operate.’ -- Murray Fulton, University of Saskatchewan, Canada‘This book is a valuable reference for any practitioner, policy maker, researcher or student interested in the links between farmers’ organisations and rural development. The book is well written and contributes to a better understanding of farmers’ collective actions in developing and emerging economies. It also provides a strong foundation for further studies to bridge the knowledge gap between farmers’ organisations in developed and developing countries.’ -- Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Changing Nature of Farmer Collective Action: Introduction to the Book Jos Bijman PART I: PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 2. The Progressive Participation of Rural Producer Organizations in the Policy Debate. Lessons from the Experience of West Africa Denis Pesche and Bruno Losch 3. Cooperatives in Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation Markus Hanisch 4. Smallholder Organization through Farmer (Producer) Companies for Modern Markets: Experiences of Sri Lanka and India Sukhpal Singh PART II. ECONOMIC DEMOCRATIZATION, INCLUSIVENESS AND SOCIAL CAPITAL 5. Markets Access and Agricultural Productivity Growth in Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities for Producer Organizations Bekele Shiferaw, Jon Hellin and Geoffrey Muricho 6. Social Capital and Agricultural Cooperatives: Experimental Evidence from Ethiopia Annemarie Groot Kormelinck, Christine Plaisier, Roldan Muradian and Ruerd Ruben 7. Towards Inclusive Rural Development? Effects of Governance on Economic Equality in Uganda’s Coffee Cooperatives Karin Wedig 8. “Informal Virtues” and “Formal Vices”? Understanding the Implications of Producer Organizations for Pastoralists in India Stefano Pascucci and Jessica Duncan PART III. INTERNAL GOVERNANCE AND MEMBER RELATIONS 9. Centralized Versus Individual: Governance of Farmer Professional Cooperatives in China Xiangping Jia, Yamei Hu and George Hendrikse 10. Smallholder Dairy Entities in East Africa: Challenges and Opportunities David J. O’Brien and Michael L. Cook PART IV. CONCLUSIONS 11. Growth, Democracy and Income Equality. Cooperatives: The Development Impact Beyond Membership Benefits Kees Blokland and Jur Schuurman 12. Transformation, Inclusiveness and Tensions of Cooperatives; Synthesis and Further Research Jos Bijman, Roldan Muradian and Jur Schuurman Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIf you care about food security in Asia and particularly rice and world trade, buy this book. The best authors in the business (legal, academic and private sector) have contributed to its success with 12 treatises on core issues. I complement the editors of this compendium, Michael Ewing-Chow and Melanie Vilarasau Slade, for their intellectual courage in bringing these experts to contribute to one book. The technical side of these issues have been kept at a minimum wherever possible for the general reader. Each chapter relates to the others and guides us to some conclusions and a call to action.'- Milo Hamilton, Firstgrain, US'This is a complete recipe for global food security as the most credible way forward in a world of continuously uncertain food supplies. Today the overall intact agricultural production potential appears mainly threatened by location-specific climate change challenges and by both national and international food policy governance failures. Hence, the role of trade and of trade rules is all the more important, as credibly emphasised by the authors' consequent advocacy for a removal of food trade barriers as part of a more coherent poverty strategy and towards collective food security.'- Christian Häberli, Bern University, Switzerland'Food security is one of the key challenges the world faces. The demand for food will increase as our population goes up from 7 billion to 9 billion. Global warming and an increasingly erratic weather pattern will have an impact on food production. It is in this context that I welcome this important book. The editors have rightly invited us to refocus our minds from self-sufficiency to collective food security.'- Tommy Koh, Chairman of the Governing Board Centre for International Law, National University of SingaporeFood security is one of the greatest challenges of our time. The food price crisis of 2008 exposed the vulnerabilities of the global food system. Governments across Asia acerbated the crisis by imposing export restrictions based on a policy of self-sufficiency.This book assesses whether self-sufficiency is an adequate response to the food security challenges we face. Pricing volatility drives isolationism at a time when climate change and increasingly uncertain weather patterns make it difficult for any single nation to guarantee adequate food production for itself.Through a collection of commissioned studies which draw upon the experience of leading experts and scholars in trade, investment, law, economics, and food policy, this book analyses the impact of this trend on the most essential crop in the Asian region rice.It suggests that food security policy should be reconceptualised: from the national to the regional and even the global level. It also provides its own proposals as to how this new paradigm of collective food security should be understood and developed.The book calls for a new conversation in the region, acknowledging that the challenges we face are global and the solutions must be found in collective action. This state-of-the-art study will appeal to lawyers, economists and political scientists, as well as trade and food security specialists by providing expert analyses and enlightening solutions for the future.Contributors: C. Boonekamp, R.M. Briones, R. Clarete, D. Dixit, M. Ewing-Chow, L.A. Jackson, J. Jackson Ewing, J. McVitty, E. Rogerson, J. Tijaja, C.P. Timmer, M. Vilarasau SladeTrade Review‘If you care about food security in Asia and particularly rice and world trade, buy this book. The best authors in the business (legal, academic and private sector) have contributed to its success with 12 treatises on core issues. I compliment the editors of this compendium, Michael Ewing-Chow and Melanie Vilarasau Slade, for their intellectual courage in bringing these experts to contribute to one book. The technical side of these issues have been kept at a minimum wherever possible for the general reader. Each chapter relates to the others and guides us to some conclusions and a call to action.’ -- Milo Hamilton, Firstgrain, US‘This is a complete recipe for global food security as the most credible way forward in a world of continuously uncertain food supplies. Today the overall intact agricultural production potential appears mainly threatened by location-specific climate change challenges and by both national and international food policy governance failures. Hence, the role of trade and of trade rules is all the more important, as credibly emphasised by the authors’ consequent advocacy for a removal of food trade barriers as part of a more coherent poverty strategy and towards collective food security.’ -- Christian Häberli, Bern University, Switzerland‘Food security is one of the key challenges the world faces. The demand for food will increase as our population goes up from 7 billion to 9 billion. Global warming and an increasingly erratic weather pattern will have an impact on food production. It is in this context that I welcome this important book. The editors have rightly invited us to refocus our minds from self-sufficiency to collective food security’ -- Tommy Koh, Chairman of the Governing Board Centre for International Law, National University of SingaporeTable of ContentsContents: Introduction: Setting the Stage: The Problem with Self-sufficiency and the Need for Collective Food Security for a Global Crisis Michael Ewing-Chow and Melanie Vilarasau Slade PART I 1. Food Security Issues and the Role of the Multilateral Trading System Evan Rogerson and Diwakar Dixit 2. Global Value Chains in the Food Sector Julia Tijaja 3. Food Security Initiatives in Asia and the Impact of WTO Regulation Roehlano M. Briones 4. A Case Study of Regional Food Security: APTERR Michael Ewing-Chow and Melanie Vilarasau Slade PART II 5. Managing Food Price Volatility in Asia: Why, What and How? C. Peter Timmer 6. Deepening ASEAN Rice Trade Ramon L. Clarete 7. A Private Sector View of Food Security and Pricing Volatility James McVitty PART III 8. Food Security and Limits to Resources Lee Ann Jackson 9. Environmental Change, Food Security and Trade in Southeast Asia J. Jackson Ewing 10. Is there a Role for International Law in Supporting Systemic Solutions to the Food Security Challenge? Melanie Vilarasau Slade PART IV 11. The WTO and Food Security – and a Possible Step Forward Clemens Boonekamp 12. Conclusion: Moving to Collective Food Security Michael Ewing-Chow and Melanie Vilarasau Slade Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis timely book provides a critical examination of the policies and laws governing EU marine fisheries and the shortcomings of the 2013 Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) reform. In particular it considers how reform is impeded by Treaty-guaranteed concessions, exemptions from general environmental legislation and the Court of the Justice's interpretation of principles unique to the sector. The author discusses how the damaging effects of fishing could be ameliorated if the Court were to align fishery values with general principles of the law, and considers the institutional and regulatory frameworks needed to encourage prudent resource use.The limited development of the CFP beyond the minimal requirements of international law is considered together with the role of the Court in sidelining scientific advice. The book provides a unique exploration of how these barriers to sustainability are compounded by regulatory capture and the public interest in fish resources being unrecognized. Ultimately, the author proposes that the incoherence of the management regime be redressed through market-based reforms and the application of the user-pays principle.This book will be of keen interest to lawyers, environmentalists, policy-makers and marine scientists who are interested in marine fishery management, marine environmental protection, and marine sector economic sustainability. It will also appeal to those involved in developing trans-disciplinary platforms to promote marine resource sustainability.Trade ReviewThis is a fascinating study in which the Common Fisheries Policy in the EU is discussed in an integrated and critical manner using an interdisciplinary approach. The book provides a critical reflection on the current structure of the Common Fisheries Policy and also proposes fundamental reforms in order to better integrate environmental protection into marine management. The book provides valuable insights not only on the structure of the current Common Fisheries Policy but also for the future policy agenda. --Michael Faure, Professor of Comparative and International Environmental Law, Maastricht University, the NetherlandsBiologists have long wondered why the EU fisheries policy and practice is in such a mess despite receiving much sound scientific advice. Jill Wakefield shows clearly and readably how this came about and how change could be made which would ensure sustainable exploitation and serve the people of the EU. Let us see whether the EU is capable of change! --Charles Sheppard OBE, Emeritus Professor, University of Warwick, UKTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. International Treaties and Instruments: The Right to Exploit the Living Marine Resource 3. The Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy 4. The Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy: Good Governance 5. Precautionary Fishing 6. Sustainable Fishing 7. Ecosystem Management: Integrating Environmental Protection Into Marine Management 8. The EU’s Use of Market-Based Instruments to Plug a Regulatory Gap 9. Alternative Solutions 10. Change for Sustainability Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisShifting cultivation supports around 200 million people in the Asia-Pacific region alone. It is often regarded as a primitive and inefficient form of agriculture that destroys forests, causes soil erosion and robs lowland areas of water. These misconceptions and their policy implications need to be challenged. Swidden farming could support carbon sequestration and conservation of land, biodiversity and cultural heritage. This comprehensive analysis of past and present policy highlights successes and failures and emphasizes the importance of getting it right for the future.Table of ContentsPart 1: Introductory section 1: Figments of fire and forest: Shifting cultivation policy in the Philippines and Indonesia 2: Shifting cultivation policies in Southeast Asia: A need to work with, rather than against, smallholder farmers 3: Policies impacting shifting cultivation: Getting them right 4: Trends in shifting cultivation policy: Four decades of efforts to intensify land use in the shifting cultivation tracts of mainland Southeast Asia 5: Tenure and shifting B: Historical overviews from southeast Asia 6: The geopolitics of shifting cultivation in Thailand: A brief history of the ‘hill tribe problem 8: Lao swidden farmers: From self-initiated mobility to permanent settlement trends imposed by policy, 1830 to 2000 9: Romanticizing and villainizing shifting cultivators within national policies: Co-producing ethnic politics and resource-use legitimacy in Thailand’s community forestry debate 10: Conservation and restoration of traditional grasslands in the Mount Asa region of Kyushu, Japan: the role of collaborative management and public policy support D: The Complexities of Implementing ReDD+ 11: The viability of swidden agriculture and its uncertain role in REDD+ 12: Involving all local stakeholders and holders of land-use rights in REDD+: Indigenous people and/or local communities in Indonesia Part 2: The impact of state policies on shifting cultivation 13: Rethinking swidden cultivation in Myanmar: Policies for sustainable upland livelihoods and food security 14: Swidden agriculture under threat: The case of Ratanakiri, northeast Cambodia: Opportunities and constraints from the national policy environment 15: The growing voice of the state in the fallows of Laos 16: Swidden agriculture and sloping land conversion in China’s Dulong Valley: Impact and adaptation 17: Policies on shifting cultivation in the countries of the eastern Himalayas 18: Reflections on the impacts of state policies on shifting cultivators in northeast India 7: The French colonial administration vs swidden cultivation: From political discourse to coercive policies in French Indochina 19: Vanishing shifting cultivation and loss of tribal culture in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India 20: Shifting cultivation on steep slopes of Mizoram, India: Impact of policy reforms 21: State land policies and shifting cultivation in Odisha, India 22: The Dragon and its attempts to put out the fire 23: From farmers to foresters? Response to pine encroachment on former swidden fields in Choekhor Valley, Bumthang district, Bhutan 24: Keeping ecological disturbance on the land: Recreating swidden effects in Bhutan 25: Shifting cultivation in Vietnam: Impacts of various policy reforms 26: Misinterpreting the uplands of Vietnam: How government policies and maps lead to a misunderstanding of swidden and its associated livelihood systems 27: Changing patterns of shifting cultivation in Timor-Leste 28: Evolving swidden farming patterns in the Lao PDR: When policy reverses historically mobile ways of life to impose permanently settled livelihoods 29: ‘Your land is needed’: The fundamental reason behind the sedentarization of shifting cultivators 30: Was Thailand’s highland policy misdirected? 31: Opium and shifting cultivation in Laos: State discourses and policies 32: Eliminating opium from the Lao PDR: Impoverishment and threat of resumption of poppy cultivation following ‘illusory’ eradication 33: Giving up fallows and indigenous swiddens in times of global land grabbing 34: The effects of commercial agriculture and swidden-field privatization in southern Laos 35: From traditional subsistence to commercial agriculture: A downward trend towards food insecurity in rural Lao PDR 36: Policies, migration and coffee cultivation in Vietnam’s Central Highlands: A case study in Dak Lak province 37: The Chayanov life cycle in upland villages of Laos: Socio-economic differentiation driven by state involvement 38: Policy-driven changes in Lisu swiddening: Social organization as adaptation to a new economy 39: From a complex to degraded system: Laws, customs, market forces and legal pluralism in the Cordillera, northern Philippines 40: Vietnam’s ‘renovation’ policies: Impacts on upland communities and sustainable forest management 41: Changes in species distribution and plant resources after the cessation of swidden cultivation in northern Thailand Part 3: Policy lessons that we should be learning 42: Top-down or bottom-up? The role of the government and local institutions in regulating shifting cultivation in the Upper Siang district, eastern Himalaya, India 43: Transitional upland rice cropping systems in northern Thailand: Priorities for research and development, on the basis of on-farm crop diagnosis 44: Lessons learned in northern Thailand: Twenty years of implementation of highland agricultural development and natural resource management projects 45: Putting upland agriculture on the map: The TABI experience in Laos 46: Negotiating for community forestry policy: The recognition of damar agroforests in Indonesia 47: Land law and swidden cultivation: Indonesian adat communities and the struggle for statutory rights 48: Existing village regulations for natural resource management: A key entry point for community participation in sustainable management 49: Policies that transform shifting cultivation practices: Linking multi-stakeholder and participatory processes with knowledge and innovations Part 4: Concluding section 50: Codification of customary communal tenure of upland shifting cultivation communities in Myanmar 51: Shifting cultivation policy decisions that count 52: Lessons learned from the identification and implementation of policies affecting shifting cultivation in the Asia-Pacific region: ‘A summary’

Read more less

Book SynopsisOur understanding of the historical ecology of European forests has been transformed in the last twenty years. Bringing together key findings from across the continent, Europe's Changing Woods and Forests: From Wildwood to Managed Landscapes provides a comprehensive account of recent research and the relevance of historical studies to our current conservation and management of forests. Combining theory with a series of regional case studies, this book shows how different aspects of forestry play out according to the landscape and historical context of the local area, with broad implications for woodland history, policy and management. Beginning with an overview of Europe's woods and forests, the book reviews a variety of management techniques (including wood-pastures, coppicing, close-to-nature forestry and the impact of hunting), describes how plants and animals respond to changes in woodland and forest cover, and includes case histories from around the continent. It concludes with a discussion of how lessons learned from the past can help in the future. This book is both a vital resource and an interesting read for foresters, conservationists, landscape historians, geographers and ecologists.Trade Review"This is an interesting collection of papers that will be very helpful to students and practitioners who wish to understand the historical and ecological context within which modern forestry operates across Europe."--Chartered ForesterTable of ContentsI: Contributors II: Preface III: Acknowledgements PART 1: Introduction and Overview 1.0: Overview of Europe’s woods and forests 1.1: Introduction 1.2: The current state and composition of European woods and forests 1.2.1: European forests in a global context 1.2.2: Variation in forest cover across the continent 1.2.3: Variation in forest composition 1.3: Forestry policy and cooperation at a European level 0 1.3.1: Forestry policy 1.3.2: Conservation measures 1.3.3: Landscape and amenity conservation. 1.3.4: Certification as an approach to sustainable forestry management 1.3.5: Forest research cooperation across Europe 1.4: Conclusion 1.5: References 2.0: Methods and approaches in the study of woodland history 2.1: Introduction 2.2: Oral history 2.3: Photographs and drawings 2.4: Biological indicators 2.5: Historical records 2.6: Preserved wood and dendrochronology 2.7: Lidar and GIS 2.8: Applying archaeological insights to ecological issues 2.9: Pollen and charcoal analysis 2.10: Conclusion 2.11: References 3.0: The forest landscape before farming 3.1: Where to begin? 3.2: A cold open continent 3.3: Trees spread back after the ice 3.3.1: Forming a canopy 5 3.3.2: The wood beneath the trees 3.3.3: Molecular markers for re-colonisation routes. 3.4: A holey blanket of trees 3.5: The role of large herbivores, particularly bison, wild horse and aurochs 3.6: People in the landscape: the trees in retreat 3.7: References 4.0: Evolution of modern landscapes 4.1: Introduction 4.2: The emergence of woodland management 4.3: Changes in forest extent and distribution 4.3.1: Reductions in forest cover 4.3.2: Increases as well as decreases 4.3.3: Patterns of clearance and survival 4.3.4: The ecological consequences of a patchy landscape 4.4: Changes in structure and composition through management 4.5: Deliberate modification of the tree and shrub composition of forests 4.6: Other species gains and losses 4.7: Changes to the fire regime 4.8: Changes to the forest soil 4.9: Forests and atmospheric pollution 4.10: Climate change 4.11: Conclusion 4.12: References PART 2: The variety of management across European woods and forests 5.0: Wood-pastures in Europe 5.1: Introduction 5.2: Wood-pasture: a multi-purpose system 5.3: Historical development of wood-pastures in Europe 5.3.1: Forest grazing and pasturing in ancient times 5.3.2: Driving the livestock out of the forest (18th-19th centuries) 5.3.4: New recognition for wood-pastures? 5.4: National inventories of wood-pastures 5.5: Wood-pastures as multi-functional landscape elements: past and present 5.6: Threats to wood-pastures 5.6.1: Management changes 5.6.2: Policy mismatch 5.6.3: Decline of old, hollowing or dying trees 5.6.4: Lack of regeneration 5.7: Conclusions 5.8: Acknowledgements 5.9: References 6.0: Coppice silviculture: from the Mesolithic to the 21st century 6.1: Introduction 6.2: The physiological and evolutionary significance of coppice 6.3: Historic development of coppice silviculture 6.4: The rise and fall of coppice as an industrial resource 6.5: Surviving and neglected coppice in Europe: the extent of the forest estate 6.6: Coppice silviculture 6.6.1: Cutting methods 6.6.2: Time of cutting 6.7: Conversion to high forest 6.7.1: Coppice versus high forest yields 6.8: Reinstating coppice management 6.9: Future drivers of change 6.10: References 7.0: High forest management and the rise of even-aged stands 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Changing from coppice to high forest systems 7.3: The need for new administrative tools 7.4: Silvicultural systems 7.5: The rise of plantations 7.6: Increased use of conifers and introduced species 7.7: How forestry is changing 7.8: Future high forest and natural forest structures 7.9: References 8.0: Close-to-nature forestry 8.1: Introduction 8.2: Roots and pre-requisites 8.3: Developments in the 20th century 8.4: Ecological implications 8.5: Conclusion 8.6: References 9.0: The impact of hunting on European woodland from medieval to modern 9.1: Introduction 9.2: Early impacts of hunting 9.3: Meat or merit? 9.4: Medieval hunting reserves 9.5: Early modern hunting parks in Europe 9.6: Hunting and the wider landscape 9.7: Modern hunting 9.7.1: The influence of driven pheasant shoots on British woodland 9.7.2: The influence of modern hunting enclosures on Spanish woodland 9.8: Conclusion 9.9: References PART 3: How plants and animals have responded to the changing woodland and forest cover. 10.0: The flora and fauna of coppice woods: winners and losers of active management or neglect 10.1: Introduction 10.2: The diversity of coppice 10.2.1: Plants 10.2.2: Birds 10.2.3: Invertebrates 10.2.4: Deadwood and associated species 10.2.5: Mammals 10.3: Impacts of deer browsing on flora and fauna in coppice 10.4: Conservation strategies 10.5: Short Rotation Coppice 10.6: Conclusion 10.7: References 11.0: The importance of veteran trees for saproxylic insects 11.1: Introduction 11.2: What are saproxylic species 11.3: Veteran trees in past and present landscapes 11.4: Important structures and associated species in old trees 11.4.1: Microhabitat diversity 11.4.2: Tree cavities and their invertebrates 11.4.3: Other microhabitats 11.5: Effects of environmental factors on the invertebrate fauna 11.5.1: Effects of tree characteristics on species assemblages 11.5.2: Effects of surrounding landscape on species assemblages 11.5.3: Catering for the needs of the adult as well as the larvae 11.5.4: Survey methods 11.6: Current situation in Europe 11.7: How to preserve the specialized saproxylic species? 11.7.1: Management for increasing habitat amount and quality 11.7.2: Management for securing spatio-temporal continuity 11.8: Future prospects 11.9: References 12.0: The changing fortunes of woodland birds in temperate Europe 12.1: Introduction 12.2: The birds of the early Holocene 12.3: The birds of the wildwood: alternative models of forest dynamics 12.3.1: Largely closed forest – ‘closed canopy’ scenario 12.3.2: Open mosaic landscape – ‘wood pasture’ scenario 12.3.3: Forest-dominated, but more varied – ‘closed but varied’ scenario 12.4: Fragmentation of the wildwood 12.5: Effects of the historical emergence of management 12.6: The age of managed pasture woods and coppice 12.7: The shift towards high forest 12.8: Woodland birds today 12.8.1: Population trends 12.8.2: Influences of agriculture 12.8.3: Forestry intensification 12.8.4: Birds and afforestation 12.9: Recent trends 12.10: Conclusions 12.11: References 13.0: Evolution and changes in the understorey of deciduous forests: lagging behind drivers of change 13.1: Introduction 13.2: Background 13.3: What sorts of plants occur in forests? 13.4: Comparing ancient and recent forests 13.5: Colonization of new forests 13.6: Dispersal and recruitment limitation 13.7: Changing ancient forests 13.7.1: Management effects 13.7.2: Effects of environmental changes 13.7.3: Effects of grazing 13.7.4: Effects of invasive non-native species 13.8: Conserving and expanding forests: does it work? 13.9: References 14.0: Gains and losses in the European mammal fauna 14.1: Introduction 14.2: Aurochs 14.3: The carnivores 14.3.1: Wolf 14.3.2: Brown bear 14.3.3: Lynx 14.4: The Beaver 14.5: A species that has done too well 14.6: The decline and rise of wild boar and deer 14.6.1: Wild boar 14.6.2: Deer 14.7: Conclusion 14.8: References 15.0: The curious case of the even-aged plantation: wretched, funereal or misunderstood? 15.1: Introduction 15.2: What is an even-aged plantation? 15.3: A brief historical overview of Atlantic spruce forests 15.3.1: The dominance of Sitka spruce 15.3.2: Breaking up the conifer blanket 15.4: Species composition of spruce plantations 15.5: Ecological implications of stand dynamics 15.5.1: Precursors - the creation of woodland through afforestation (Stage 0) 15.5.2: Stand initiation (Stage 1) 15.5.3: The impact of stand development – canopy closure and mortality (Stages 2 and 3) 15.5.4: Prolonging the rotation and developing multiple storeys (Stage 4) 15.5.5: Resetting the woodland through disturbance 15.6: Forest design 15.7: The landscape setting 15.8: Where next? 15.9: Conclusions 15.10: References PART 4: A variety of woodland histories. 16.0: Historical ecology in modern conservation in Italy 16.1: Introduction 16.2: Background 16.3: The spread of an historical ecological approach in European conservation thinking 16.3.1: Forestry versus Woodmanship 16.3.2: Woodland or land-bearing-trees 16.3.3: The need for an inter-disciplinary approach 16.3.4: The role of historical ecology 16.4: Integrating Historical and Local Knowledge into Management Strategies 16.4.1: An introduction to the case studies 16.4.2: Trees and Woodlands Producing Leaf Fodder 16.4.3: Trees, woodland and soil fertility 16.4.4: The collection of litter 16.4.5: Trees invading bogs: an experiment in applied historical ecology 16.5: Conclusion 16.6: References 17.0: Bialowieza Primeval Forest: a 2000-year interplay of environmental and cultural forces in Europe’s best preserved temperate woodland 17.1: Introduction 17.2: Previous studies 17.3: A new palaeo-ecological record for Bialowieza Primeval Forest 17.3.1: Methods 17.3.2: Results 17.4: Archaeological evidence 17.5: Archival studies 17.5.1: Royal forest of Polish kings 17.5.2: Under Russian rule 17.5.3: World War I to the present 17.5.4: Changes in land use extent and character 17.6: Dendro-chronological analyses of fire dynamics 17.7: Interplay of natural and cultural forces 17.7.1: The Iron Age 17.7.2: The Migration Period, mediaeval and early modern times 17.7.3: The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries 17.7.4: The nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries 17.7.5: The recent decades 17.8: The role of large herbivores in shaping BNP 17.9: Conclusions 17.10: Acknowledgements 17.11: References 18.0: Woodland history in the British Isles - an interaction of environmental and cultural forces. 18.1: Introduction 18.2: Outline of British woodland history 18.3: Historical stages and processes of change 18.4: Regions 18.4.1: Pre-Neolithic wildwood 18.4.2: Exploited wildwood 18.4.3: Traditional woodland management 18.4.4: Parks, Forests and wooded commons 18.4.5: Improved traditional management 18.4.6: Plantations 18.4.7: Revival and restoration of native woodland 18.5: Some consequences of differences in regional history 18.6: References 19.0: Forest management and species composition: an historical approach in Lorraine, France 19.1: Introduction 19.2: The study of forest history in France 19.3: Historical forest uses and their consequences on forest management 19.4: The making of the technical and legislative framework 19.5: The consequences of forestry policies on forest composition in woodlands of Lorraine 19.6: The modern forest - conclusion 19.7: References 20.0: Barriers and bridges for sustainable forest management: the role of landscape history in Swedish Bergslagen 20.1: Introduction 20.2: The European scale 20.3: The regional scale 20.4: Bergslagen – an introduction 20.5: Forests, forest ownership and land use dynamics 20.6: Barriers to sustainability 20.6.1: Ecological sustainability 20.6.2: Economic sustainability 20. 6.3: Social and cultural sustainability 20.7: Bridges towards sustainable forest management 20.8: Discussion 20.8.1: From forest history to history of forest landscapes 20.8.2: Landscapes with different histories: using space for time substitution 20.9: References PART 5: Lessons from the past for the future? 21.0: The development of forest conservation in Europe 21.1: Introduction 21.2: Why conserve forests? 21.2.1: As a spiritual place 21.2.2: As a place for the Chase 21.2.3: As a source of raw materials and a barrier against the elements 21.2.4: For a new form of communing with the forests 21.3: Type and extent of Protected Forest Areas 21.4: Selection of protected areas 21.5: Developing a European perspective 21.6: Forest protection and conservation as part of land-use practice. 21.7: Rewilding and forest conservation 21.8: From the past to the future 21.8.1: Conservation for people? 21.8.2: What sorts of woods and forests will be conserved in future? 21.9: References 22.0: The UK’s Ancient Woodland Inventory and its Use 22.1: Introduction 22.2: Developing the ancient woodland concept 22.3: The creation of the ancient woodland inventory 22.4: Developing and using the inventories 22.4.1: England: the ‘Red Queen’ dilemma 22.4.2: Wales 22.4.3: Scotland 22.4.4: Northern Ireland 22.5: Testing the limits of the English inventories 22.5.1: Uncertain evidence 22.5.2: What is a wood? 22.5.3: How small can an ancient wood be? 22.6: Conclusion 22.7: References 23.0: Tree and forest pests and diseases: learning from the past to prepare for the future 23.1: Introduction 23.2: Background 23.2.1: Dutch Elm Disease, Ramorum blight and Ash Dieback 23.3: The Dutch Elm Disease outbreak 23.4: ‘Sudden Oak Death’ (ramorum blight) in the UK 23.5: A landscape without ash? 23.6: The lessons from history 23.7: References 24.0: Reflections 24.1: Introduction 24.2: Ways of exploring and understanding woodland histories 24.3: Issues for the future historian 24.4: From cultural landscapes back to wildwood? 24.5: Europe’s woods and forests: the future?

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn 1944 Lady Park Wood (45 hectares of woodland in Gloucestershire and Monmouthshire, UK) was set aside indefinitely by the Forestry Commission so that ecologists could study how woodland develops naturally. Since then, in a unique long-term study, individual trees and shrubs have been recorded at intervals, accumulating a detailed record of more than 20,000 individual beech, sessile oak, ash, wych elm, small-leaved lime, large-leaved lime, birch, hazel, yew and other species. In the seven decades since the study started, the wood has changed; trees grew, died and regenerated, and drought, disease and other events shaped its destiny. Each tree and shrub species reacted in its own way to changes in the wood as a whole and to changes in the fortunes of its neighbours. Meanwhile, the wild fauna, flora and fungi also responded, leaving the wood richer in some groups but poorer in others. In this landmark book, beautifully illustrated throughout, George Peterken and Edward Mountford, summarise the ongoing results of the Lady Park Wood study, highlighting its unique place in nature conservation and its significance to ecology in general. It also builds on experience at Lady Park Wood and elsewhere to discuss in particular: the role and maintenance of long-term ecological studies; the concept and form of natural woodland; the role of minimum-intervention policies in woodland nature conservation; near-to-nature forestry; and the desirability and practicalities of re-wilding woodlands.Table of Contents1: Understanding Woodland 2: Lady Park Wood and its History 3: The Ecological Reserve 4: Recording Trees and Expressing Change 5: The Changing Woodland 6: Ash: The Tree in the Spotlight 7: Beech and Oak, the Major Forest Trees 8: Limes and Wych Elm 9: Birch and other Short-lived Canopy Trees 10: Field Maple and Hazel, the other Coppice Species 11: Minor Trees and Shrubs 12: Habitats 13: Species 14: Long-term Ecological Studies 15: Natural Woodland in Theory and Practice 16: Near-to-Nature Forestry 17: Rewilding, Remoteness and Wilderness

Read more less

Book SynopsisBritish woodlands and forests are often located on sites and in regions that are marginal for agriculture; many are at high elevations and exposed, with short growing seasons. Wherever forests are located, site and climatic conditions must dictate species choice in forest management. This book provides a detailed guide to the biological suitability of different sites and soils for all important native trees and the most extensively used exotics. Apart from physical difficulties such as steepness and stoniness, forest soils also frequently have problems associated with them. They can be waterlogged or drought-prone, suffer from extremes of acidity or alkalinity, or have compacted layers. The book provides information on species' suitability for different purposes. It includes details of species' origin and introduction (where applicable), as well as their climatic and soil requirements and other silvicultural characteristics. Information about provenance, yield and timber is also provided. Fully updated throughout, this 3rd edition puts more emphasis on species suitable for changing climatic conditions, with accounts of several species that may become more prominent in British forests: including several silver firs, hickories, eucalypts, spruces, poplars and wingnuts. The book concludes with simple keys for identifying the trees most likely to be encountered in British forests. It is an essential resource for students, researchers and forestry professionals.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book presents over 40 cases of bamboo development across 22 major bamboo-industry countries and explores the knowledge gained from their successes and failures. It synthesises experiences and exchanges with country experts from international training courses and consultations, study tours, and seminars. Each case includes observations and summaries of discussions related to the development of bamboo-based industries in a healthy, sustainable way, and the facilitation of strategic and balanced development of bamboo in different global regions. Industrial and artisanal bamboo growing and processing is expanding worldwide and this book brings together key experiences to help inform future developments. This book provides an analysis of bamboo plant features, including strong renewability, fast-growing, and high biomass production. It also reviews important ecological functions of bamboos, such as water and soil conservation, carbon sink and storage, and adaptation to climate change, as well as addressing the diversified culture of bamboo and key issues affecting the sector. Sustainable Bamboo Development: - Is authored by an internationally recognised leading expert in the growth and use of bamboo - Takes a holistic view, covering technical, socio-economic, policy, cultural and business development - Provides practical knowledge to guide the development of bamboo sectors - Gives a clear idea and rich examples of what has been attempted in many countries - Acts as a roadmap for using bamboo as a poverty reduction and environmental security tool Highly illustrated and in full colour throughout, this book is an essential resource for all those interested in bamboo, from private sector investors to governmental and development agencies, academic researchers and students.Table of Contents1: Introduction 2: The Contribution of Bamboo to Human Beings Is Far More Than Is Imagined 3: Key Issues Affecting the Sustainable Development of the Bamboo Sector 4: Develop or Create a Featured Bamboo Industry According to Local Conditions Annex 1: Abstract of the Development Plan for China’s Bamboo Industries (2013–2020) Annex 2: Report on a Chinese Consultancy for The Bamboo Company in Vietnam

Read more less

Book SynopsisWorld Statistics on Mining and Utilities 2016 provides a unique biennial overview of the role of mining and utility activities in the world economy. This extensive resource from UNIDO provides detailed time series data on the level, structure and growth of international mining and utility activities by country and sector. Country level data is clearly presented on the number of establishments, employment and output of activities such as: coal, iron ore and crude petroleum mining as well as production and supply of electricity, natural gas and water.This unique and comprehensive source of information meets the growing demand of data users who require detailed and reliable statistical information on the primary industry and energy producing sectors. The publication provides internationally comparable data to economic researchers, development strategists and business communities who influence the policy of industrial development and its environmental sustainability.Table of ContentsContents: About this Publication Introduction Part I: Summary Tables Part II: Country Tables

Read more less

Book SynopsisGuy Robinson and Doris Carson have assembled a wonderfully comprehensive and timely book that both reveals and joins together the many and varied elements of diverse contemporary agriculture and food production systems. The book stands as a valuable scan of the diverse forces and processes of change in agriculture and also makes visible, through its various and well-chosen case analyses, the abiding and sometimes colliding roles of structure , agency, power and place in shaping farm and food futures.'- John Smithers, University of Guelph, Canada'An excellent, timely and innovative contribution to the wide-ranging debates on the globalisation of agriculture. The book brings together a wide array of authors who approach agricultural globalisation issues from various angles spanning both the social and natural sciences, including key contributions on agriculture/environment issues, food security challenges, policy regimes, transnational corporations, and challenges of an increasingly globalised agriculture.'- Geoff A. Wilson, Plymouth University, UKAgriculture is becoming increasingly influenced by globalisation. The result is a more interconnected world where new forms of trade and cultural exchange can thrive on an international level. This novel Handbook provides insights to the ways in which globalization is affecting the whole agri-food system, from farms to the consumer.The expert contributors cover themes including the physical basis of agriculture, the influence of trade policies, the nature of globalised agriculture, and resistance to globalisation in the form of attempts to foster sustainability and multifunctional agricultural systems. They present a state-of-the-art summary of current debates and provide a starting point for subsequent research into solutions aimed at addressing food insecurity, global hunger and uneven development.Drawing upon studies from around the world, the Handbook will appeal to a broad and varied readership, across academics, students, and policy-makers interested in economics, trade, geography, sociology and political science.Contributors: K. Anderson, D.K. Bardsley, P. Basu, A. Blay-Palmer, S. Bringezu, L. Bryant, D. Burch, D.A. Carson, A. Dorward, J. Entwistle, S.J. Fielke, D. Fuchs, T. Gomiero, W. Grant, P. Hoppe, B. Ilbery, A. Kalfagianni, J. Klepek, I. Knezevic, G. Lawrence, T. Li, Y. Liu, H. Long, D. Maye, J. Morrison, S. Nicholson, M. O'Brien, A. Omer, C.R. Parfitt, K.E. Rickson, R.E. Rickson, D.F. Robinson, G.M. Robinson, N. Russell, B.A. Scholten, H. Schütz, S.R. Sippel, R. Taylor, B. WindersTrade Review‘Guy Robinson and Doris Carson have assembled a wonderfully comprehensive and timely book that both reveals and joins together the many and varied elements of diverse contemporary agriculture and food production systems. The book stands as a valuable scan of the diverse forces and processes of change in agriculture and also makes visible, through its various and well-chosen case analyses, the abiding and sometimes colliding roles of structure, agency, power and place in shaping farm and food futures.’ -- John Smithers, University of Guelph, Canada‘An excellent, timely and innovative contribution to the wide-ranging debates on the globalisation of agriculture. The book brings together a wide array of authors who approach agricultural globalisation issues from various angles spanning both the social and natural sciences, including key contributions on agriculture/environment issues, food security challenges, policy regimes, transnational corporations, and challenges of an increasingly globalised agriculture.’ -- Geoff A. Wilson, Plymouth University, UK‘It is clear that this handbook provides a wide and very rich overview of topics, themes, theoretical reflections and scholarly debates addressing recent transformations in global agriculture in its broadest terms. The volume excels due to a combi-nation of wide perspectives with multiple foci. In general, the chapters are clear and concise, illustrating the wealth and depth of this research area. That makes this vol-ume an excellent reference work and a sound point of departure for new research.' -- Comparativ – Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende GesellschaftsforschungTable of ContentsContents: 1. The Globalisation of Agriculture: Introducing the Handbook Guy M. Robinson and Doris A. Carson PART I THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF AGRICULTURE 2. Agriculture and Environment: Fundamentals and Future Perspectives Ros Taylor and Jane Entwistle 3. Effects of Agricultural Activities on Biodiversity and Ecosystems: Organic versus Conventional Farming Tiziano Gomiero 4. Measuring and Managing the Global Agricultural Foot-print of Countries’ Consumption Stefan Bringezu, Helmut Schütz and Meghan O’Brien 5. Meeting the Food Security Challenge through Sustainable Intensification Noel Russell and Amani Omer PART II GLOBALISATION AND POLICY REGIMES 6. Agricultural Trade Wyn Grant 7. US Agricultural Policy and the Globalization of World Agriculture Bill Winders 8. Contributions of Trade Reforms to Agriculture’s Globalization Kym Anderson 9. Heroes, Villains and Victims: Agricultural Subsidies and Their Impacts on Food Security and Poverty Reduction Andrew Dorward and Jamie Morrison 10. Agricultural Production in China under Globalization Hualou Long, Yansui Liu and Tingting Li PART III GLOBALISATION AND TRANS-NATIONAL CORPORATIONS 11. Geographies and Histories of the Green Revolution: From Global Flows to Place-based Experiences Pratyusha Basu and James Klepek 12. Biotechnology and the Global Food Riots: Why Genetically Modified Foods Will Not End World Hunger Simon Nicholson 13. Private Agrifood Governance and the Challenges for Sustainability Agni Kalfagianni and Doris Fuchs 14. Trade-related Intellectual Property: Implications for the Global Seed Industry, Food Sovereignty and Farmers’ Rights Claire R. Parfitt and Daniel F. Robinson 15. The Financialization of Food and Farming Geoffrey Lawrence, Sarah Ruth Sippel and David Burch 16. All You Need is Export? Moroccan Farmers Juggling Global and Local Markets Sarah Ruth Sippel 17. Inequality Regimes in Food Processing Industries Lia Bryant 18. Global Companies and Local Community Relations: Power, Access and Partnership in Food Production and Rural Resource Development Roy E. Rickson, Kara E. Rickson, Peter Hoppe and David Burch PART IV CHALLENGES TO THE GLOBALISATION OF AGRICULTURE 19. Multifunctional Agricultural Transition: Essential for Local Diversity in a Globalised World Simon James Fielke 20. Recreating Diversity for Resilient and Adaptive Agricultural Systems Douglas K. Bardsley 21. The Changing Dynamics of Alternative Agri-food Networks: A European Perspective Brian Ilbery and Damian Maye 22. Building Sustainable Communities through Alternative Food Systems Alison Blay-Palmer and Irena Knezevic 23. The ‘White Revolution’ and Dual Dairy Economy Structures Bruce A. Scholten Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisWorld Statistics on Mining and Utilities 2018 provides a unique biennial overview of the role of mining and utility activities in the world economy. This extensive resource from UNIDO provides detailed time series data on the level, structure and growth of international mining and utility activities by country and sector. Country level data is clearly presented on the number of establishments, employment and output of activities such as: coal, iron ore and crude petroleum mining as well as production and supply of electricity, natural gas and water.This unique and comprehensive source of information meets the growing demand of data users who require detailed and reliable statistical information on the primary industry and energy producing sectors. The publication provides internationally comparable data to economic researchers, development strategists and business communities who influence the policy of industrial development and its environmental sustainability.Table of ContentsAbout this Publication Introduction Part I: Summary Tables Part II: Country Tables

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis thought-provoking book explores the link between animals, people and their social and physical environments in relation to livestock farming, food safety, food security and sustainability. Providing an overview of livestock farming and animal related food production systems in a one welfare context, One Welfare: Animal Health and Welfare, Food Security and Sustainability begins by considering the interconnections of animals, humans and their environment. It then expands into the food production system, and considers the integration of positive welfare, stress, use of welfare indicators and the economic perspective. Written by a team of international experts, and with a foreword by Andrea Gavinelli, Head of the Animal Welfare Unit in the Health and Food Safety Directorate General of the European Commission, it connects theory with best practice examples and case studies from both organizations and individuals that have successfully implemented a one welfare approach.Essential reading for academics and practitioners who work within farming, food systems and international development, this ground-breaking text is also an important read for veterinary and animal welfare professionals.

Read more less

Book SynopsisWe live in a world of major disruption, where the individual and the collective stand in opposition against the backdrop of globalization, digital revolution, community development, growing concerns around health and the planet, and now an unprecedented global health crisis.This book explores how these phenomena influence the social ties that surround food and the way we eat together. Extensive research is presented on institutional recommendations concerning eating together, the role of online communities in supporting weight loss, the perceived consequences of diets, the social phenomena involved in vegetarianism, market segmentation in the case of ritual and religious practices, and the rising tendency to "buy local" and to value local identity. As the Covid-19 crisis adds to the complexity of these issues, its impact is also taken into account.For both interested readers and the many players involved in the agri-food industry, these reflections shed light on the current developments in "eating together".Table of ContentsForeword xi Thibaut Nguyen Acknowledgments xv Author Biographies xvii Introduction xxi Gilles Séré De Lanauze Chapter 1 Eating Together, a PNNS Recommendation How Can it be Put Into Practice? 1 Margot DYEN and Lucie SIRIEIX 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Eating together, a recommendation of the National Nutrition and Health Plan 2 1.3 Understanding the emergence and maintenance of eating together 5 1.3.1 Benefits of practice theories to the study of eating together 5 1.3.2 A two-stage qualitative study to understand how consumers “eat together” 7 1.3.3 The different practices of eating together 10 1.4 Eating together: materials, meanings and skills 13 1.5 Interactions between materials, meanings and skills: particular practices or means of overcoming constraints 17 1.6 Does eating together always promote well-being? 20 1.7 What are the perspectives for promoting eating together? 21 1.8 Appendix: Sample summary 23 1.9 References 24 Chapter 2 “Eating Together” Through the Internet: The Case of Online Weight Loss Support Communities 27 Steffie GALLIN, Laurie BALBO and Marie-Christine LICHTLÉ 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 Online weight loss support communities 28 2.3 Exchanges in these communities: informational as well as emotional social support 29 2.4 Social influence within online weight loss support communities 31 2.5 A hybrid research methodology 32 2.5.1 Step 1: Survey of health experts and community participants 33 2.5.2 Step 2: Analysis of the content shared within the weight loss support communities 34 2.6 Analysis of the results 34 2.6.1 Content exchanged in weight loss support communities 34 2.6.2 The exchange of informational support in online weight loss support communities 38 2.6.3 The exchange of emotional support in online weight loss support communities 41 2.6.4 Recipes at the heart of discussions in the communities… 44 2.6.5 Informational and normative social influence in online weight loss support communities 46 2.6.6 The degree of susceptibility to social influence 50 2.7 Conclusion 51 2.8 Appendices 52 2.8.1 Appendix 1: Characteristics of the expert sample 52 2.8.2 Appendix 2: Characteristics of the user sample 54 2.9 References 55 Chapter 3 “Eating Together”: With or Without the Dietary Constraints of Others? 59 Andréa GOURMELEN, Marie-Christine LICHTLÉ, Laurie BALBO and Steffie GALLIN 3.1 Introduction 59 3.2 Dietary constraints, whether endured or chosen 61 3.2.1 What are the possible dietary constraints? 62 3.2.2 Nutritional compliance and the role of social support in chronic disease 63 3.2.3 Selected dietary constraints: the example of consideration of future consequences (CFC) 65 3.3 Suffering from dietary constraints but eating with others: the case of meals between sick and healthy people 67 3.3.1 The difficulties of the system 69 3.3.2 Factors that explain deviations from the plan 70 3.3.3 Meals with other people: a variety of situations 71 3.4. Having dietary constraints out of conviction: How do you eat with others? 73 3.4.1 The point of view of those who impose constraints on themselves: wanting to convince without being judged 74 3.4.2 The point of view of those who do not have constraints: wanting to make an effort but not too much 77 3.4.3 Struggles, trade-offs and compromises of eating together 78 3.5 Conclusion 80 3.6 Appendix: Characteristics of the Study 2 sample 81 3.7 References 82 Chapter 4 Eating Together, Yes, But Without Meat! Social Influences Related to Vegetarianism and Veganism 85 Gilles SÉRÉ DE LANAUZE, Lucie SIRIEIX and Erick SUAREZ DOMINGUEZ 4.1 Introduction 85 4.2 Not eating meat! 87 4.2.1 What does vegetarianism mean? 87 4.2.2 Vegetarianism, the steps of a process 91 4.3 Relationships between vegetarians and non-vegetarians 94 4.3.1 From hostility to acceptance 94 4.3.2 The notion of a vegetarian community 96 4.4 Opposition between society and community, the normative dissonance 101 4.4.1 Conceptualizing forms of normative dissonance (what normative perceptions of vegetarianism?) 102 4.4.2 Perceived normative dissonance between community and society 103 4.4.3 Strategies for managing and reducing normative dissonance 105 4.5 Conclusion 107 4.6 References 108 Chapter 5 Eating Together and Differently: Halal Between Standardization and Segmentation 111 Foued CHERIET, Félix JOURDAN and M’hamed MERDJI 5.1 The halal meat market: eating together or differently? 111 5.2 Producing together AND differently: actors, complexity and differentiation: segments within the segment 116 5.2.1 Producing differently: actors and organization of halal meat production 116 5.2.2 Producing together: between standardization and differentiation 120 5.3 Consuming together and differently: credibility, trust and differentiation: more segments within segments 122 5.3.1 Eating differently: specificities of the halal meat market in France 123 5.3.2 Eating together: between standardization and hyper-differentiation 125 5.4 Conclusion: the halal meat market in France: eating together and differently 136 5.5 Appendices 138 5.5.1 Appendix 1: Secondary data on the halal meat market in France 138 5.5.2 Appendix 2: Description of the questionnaire survey 140 5.5.3 Appendix 3: Example of information collected during the semi-structured interview survey (16 respondents, Montpellier, November 2019–January 2020) 141 5.6 References 142 Chapter 6 From “Eating Together” to “Living Together Better”, the Case of Local Products 145 René Pierre BEYLIER, Fatiha FORT and Andry RAMAROSON 6.1 Introduction 145 6.2 Eating locally in a global context 147 6.2.1 Close links between local products and the local area 148 6.2.2 Food and local anchoring: the challenge of trust 156 6.3 Eating locally: from local conviviality to globalized connectivity 162 6.3.1 Attachment to a soil: the conviviality of the land and better living together 163 6.3.2 Digital technology and better living together through local consumption 173 6.4 Conclusion 181 6.5 Appendices 182 6.6 References 185 Chapter 7 By Way of an Epilogue: “Eating Together” in the Time of Covid-19 189 Gilles SÉRÉ DE LANAUZE and Guillaume LE BORGNE 7.1 Introduction 189 7.2 The change in practices 190 7.3 Irruption and trivialization of the digital in food and conviviality 192 7.4 Strengthening communities and beliefs? 194 7.5 A refocusing on the local and nearby 196 7.6 What are the possible scenarios? 197 Conclusion 199 Guillaume LE BORGNE and Gilles SÉRÉ DE LANAUZE List of Authors 217 Index 219

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book provides industry insights and fresh ideas for the advancement of the most vital global industry - food. Drawing on their industry and academic expertise the authors have identified three controlling aspects of food business operations that can unleash long term success: consumer health and wellbeing; product and process sustainability; and harnessing advances in digitalization. If developed to their maximum potential these factors have the capability to revolutionize the food sector. Food Industry 4.0 highlights advancement opportunities for the food manufacturing sector, including innovation in products, processes and services, as it seeks to combine productive, efficient and sustainable practices. The contents address: · Mapping data, new approaches for food system applications. · The perfect meal and making a balanced global diet possible. · Industry 4.0 applications in the food sector: robotics and automation, big data, Internet of Things, cybersecurity. · Resource utilization in the food manufacturing sector. · Resilience and sustainability in food supply chains. · Environmental and social governance in our food system. It is of significant benefit to food industry practitioners working in operational and product development roles, academic researchers, policy makers, students, and food sector professionals.Table of Contents1: Our Connected Future and Global Food Markets 2: Mapping Data: New Approaches for Food System Applications 3: The Perfect Meal 4: Food 4.0: Industry 4.0 Applications in the Food Sector 5: Revealing the Value of Resource Efficiency in the Food Manufacturing Sector 6: Sustainability in the Food Supply Chains 7: Transformational Systems and Resilience in Food Manufacturing 8: Corporate Social Responsibility as a Driver for the Advancement of a Productive and Sustainable Food System

Read more less

Book SynopsisCommodity futures prices exploded in 2007-2008 and concerns about a new type of speculative participant in commodity futures markets began to emerge. The main argument was that unprecedented buying pressure from new "commodity index" investors created massive bubbles that resulted in prices substantially exceeding fundamental value. At the time, it was not uncommon to link concerns about speculation and high prices to world hunger, food crises, and civil unrest. Naturally, this outcry resulted in numerous regulatory proposals to restrict speculation in commodity futures markets.At the core, these assertions raised major economic questions about the efficiency of price discovery in commodity futures markets. Moreover, these so-called remedies did not come without a potential cost. Burdensome regulations would increase compliance and risk sharing costs across the global food system, lowering prices for producers and increasing costs to consumers.This book presents important research on the impact of index investment on commodity futures prices that the authors conducted over the last fifteen years. The eleven articles presented in the book follow the timeline of our involvement in the world-wide debate about index funds as it evolved after 2007. We also include an introductory chapter, new author forewords for each article chapter, and a lessons learned chapter to round out the book. Policy-makers, researchers, and market participants will find the book not only functions as useful documentation of the debate; but, also as a natural starting point when high commodity prices inevitably create the next speculation backlash.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe book addresses and documents farmers' risks in developing and emerging economies. It draws lessons from experimental economics on measuring risk preferences, attitudes, gender differences in managing risks, and risk management strategies in countries across Africa and Asia. It argues policy makers, especially in emerging economies, need a better understanding of farmers' attitudes toward risk and choices of risk management strategies when designing policies to support production agriculture. The book includes chapters on three themes: understanding risk attitudes and preferences; using experimental economics to measure risk, preferences, and risk management strategies; and understanding climate change, risk, and risk management. The book critically examines the currently held beliefs about risk preference, attitudes, and empirical estimation of risk management strategies, emphasizing developing and emerging economies (DEE)."The agricultural development space is an inherently risky one and this welcome collection belatedly helps to plug an important hole." Jock R. Anderson, Emeritus Professor of Agricultural Economics, University of New England, Armidale, Australia"Over time, agricultural production practices have evolved, as have the markets and value chains for food and agricultural products. A constant consideration, however, and one that continues to define agriculture worldwide, is risk. The risks that impinge on agriculture come in all shapes and sizes. Of course, production risks are ubiquitous. But so are market risks. And the same is true for macroeconomic and financial risks and the risks associated with an evolving climate. This book will be a valuable, comprehensive resource for any applied economist desiring to understand the risk management principles relevant to modern food and agricultural systems." Matthew Holt, Prof. and head of the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

Read more less

Book Synopsis

Read more less

Book SynopsisNanotechnology research and its application in agriculture has become a major focus in recent years. Nanoformulations offer the possibility to develop more efficient and less damaging agrochemicals in the environment. Smart delivery systems for nanosensors, molecules that can help to detect biotic or abiotic stresses before they can affect production, are being developed and applied. Nanotechnology also provides new techniques for genetic manipulation and plant breeding. The use of nanoformulations in agriculture is increasingly being used to enhance food values, reduce agricultural inputs, improve nutrient contents and create a longer shelf life for many products. Nanotechnology is also being applied to many aspects of food security, disease treatment, new tools for pathogen detection, effective delivery systems and packaging materials. All of these applications are supposed to assist in addressing the needs of a growing population, and help in mitigating the effects of climate change and other ecological disturbances.This book highlights new applications of these nanoforms in the field of agricultural science, written by an international team of experts from across this broad discipline. It is essential reading for graduate students, researchers and practitioners involved in the application of nanotechnology in agriculture. The book: examines the role of nano-formulations in crop yield improvement whilst reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides; covers specially enabled delivery systems for the release of nanoformulations, field-sensing systems to monitor environmental stresses, and improvement of plant traits against environmental stress and diseases; is unambiguous, lucid, scientific and precise, with chapters supplemented by ample illustration and case studies to help clarify and summarize key points throughout.

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book demonstrates a broadly successful transformation process that has been limited by challenging political, economic and social constraints. David Turnock traces the complex issues that have influenced Romania's reform and restructuring programme since the revolution at the end of 1989. The Transition from Communism to the European Union provides an overview of economic change in Romania, and studies in detail the transformation in industry, energy and agriculture, drawing on fieldwork in all parts of the country. The monitoring of the economic press throughout the post-communist period has also yielded much source material. Although the political context is examined at some length, the prime consideration is economic restructuring, involving the establishment of a free market system after decades of government control through central planning. It is made clear that the process is still not complete since global competitiveness remains a major challenge now that many people are beginning to experience a degree of prosperity.The book will be of invaluable interest to students and researchers in the fields of regional economics and post-communism, as well as readers with a general interest in Romania, the Balkans or the EU.Trade Review'A fascinating book that will be of particular interest to economists and experts in post-Communism along, of course, with any reader wishing to learn more about Romania and the Balkans in general.' -- Agence EuropeTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. The Political Context: A Chronological Review 2. Economic Restructuring, Investment and the Labour Market 3. Restructuring Heavy Industry: Mining and Metallurgy 4. Engineering and Transport Equipment 5. The Automotive and Aerospace Industries 6. A Traditional Growth Industry: Food, Drink and Tobacco 7. The Energy Complex: Maximising Efficiency and Self-Sufficiency 8. Agriculture: The Political Imperative for Restitution Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book explores the relationship between the land use choices of small-scale farmers and the rate of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Although sustainable agriculture was introduced to the Amazon area about 10 years ago, it has been adopted by only a few farmers. Jill L. Caviglia analyses why this practice has not been more widely adopted and offers policy prescriptions to address this.The major source of deforestation in the Amazon is the use of slash-and-burn agriculture by small-scale farmers. The adoption of sustainable agriculture by these farmers could reduce the rate of deforestation dramatically. The author uses new, original case studies of farms in the area to estimate the probability of the adoption of sustainable agriculture and, once the adoption decision has been made, the intensity of adoption. The author finds that this is influenced greatly by farmer organizations and by providing the farmers with the knowledge that sustainable agriculture is a viable alternative to slash-and-burn practices.This book will be of great interest to scholars and policymakers in the areas of environmental economics, environmental policy and Latin American studies.Trade Review'Caviglia's book is a well-done and relevant piece of work, providing the reader with a clear description of variables and assumptions, thus allowing for evaluation of strengths and limitations of her research. Caviglia's conclusion reinforces her discussion throughout the book, suggesting that market failure (at the local, regional and national levels) is the most significant cause of deforestation in the region. . . . Most importantly, the author's conclusions are extremely relevant and useful for policies aimed at improving the colonist farmers' well-being and productivity, while helping to decrease deforestation rates in one of the most impacted regions of the Brazilian Amazon.' -- Eduardo S. Brondizio, Environmental ConservationTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon 3. Sustainable Agriculture 4. Addressing Market Failure Which Has Led to Tropical Deforestation with Discrete Choice Models 5. Data Collection and Analysis 6. The Economic Model 7. Conclusion Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe UN Framework Convention on Climate Change recognises that, in the formulation of a global strategy for reducing global emissions of carbon (the main factor in global warming) forests could play an important role. This book highlights that role and demonstrates how the forests of the world may be harvested judiciously and sustainably. The authors argue that the forests are more than just a source of timber and wood; they discuss the role that forests play in reducing global warming, in preventing soil erosion and in helping to minimise the loss of biodiversity. Drawing on the expertise of contributors associated with the analysis of forests, this book is an in depth and fascinating discussion as well as a policy guide for the sustainable management of forests.The book begins by considering the relevant biophysical aspects of forest management and then goes on to study the value of forests for providing carbon sinks that absorb, in part, the carbon released into the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels. The book ends with a more detailed analysis of case studies in forest policy in North, Central and South America.This book will be of great interest to academics and policy groups within the many areas of environmental economics including global climate change and sustainable development.Trade Review'Although previous work has in various ways touched on the many issues dealt with in this book, this work is unique in dealing with these issues in one single volume. The book goes beyond theory to demonstrate the many advantages of sustainable forest management. The 10 chapters presented in three parts cover diverse issues including biophysical aspects of forestry, carbon management, economic valuation of forests and forest management policy. . . This work is not only an interesting addition to the existing literature, but is also very timely especially when some countries (e.g. USA) have withdrawn from or are thumb twitching in ratifying the Kyoto protocol and failing to sign a global Forest Convention. Perhaps this book may influence a change of heart. The book certainly provides evidence that sustainable management of forests could be a useful tool in their fight against global warming in addition to other numerous use and non-use values that can be derived from the conservation and protection of forests. Such an approach offers countries a viable and a beneficial option in their battle against global warming. The research findings in the book give policy decision-makers added justification to protect and conserve forests. Although this book is a collection of case studies conducted in the Americas, the concepts and the empirical evidence produced are useful to other parts of the world including Australia, where the adoption of trees and forests as carbon sinks is being contemplated.' -- Clevo Wilson, Economic Analysis and Policy'Ironically, the threat of global warming damage provides us with one of the most powerful arguments for avoiding the worst excesses of another global problem - deforestation. Dore and Guevara have assembled a very impressive set of essays that show just how important our forests are as carbon stores and sinks.’- David Pearce, University College London, UK'Global carbon emissions from the burning of fossil fuels seem destined to rise with adverse consequences for global warming and for sea-level rise. This book explores how and to what extent conservation and re-growth of tropical forests can ameliorate this problem, as well as placing economic values on such strategies. Individual contributions draw on the Americas experience to examine biophysical aspects of forestry relevant to sustainability, evaluate the economics of forest retention giving particular attention to non-market values, and assess forest policies in terms of their impacts on environmental conservation. . . . a readable holistic book accessible to a wide audience of economists, non-economists and policymakers, highlighting a major problem which refuses to go away.' -- Clem Tisdell, University of Queensland, AustraliaTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction Part I: Biophysical Aspects of Forestry and Carbon Management Part II: The Economic Valuation of Forests: Boreal and Tropical Case Studies Part III: Forest Policy: Case Studies from North, Central and South America Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisGlobalisation of the world economy portends a wide range of benefits to citizens of all countries. However, this ground-breaking book finds that the impacts of trade liberalisation and globalisation appear to have a negative impact on agricultural sustainability in developing countries.This book explores the proposition that globalisation and trade liberalisation is an international win-win game and finds that there is substantial evidence to suggest that there could be a range of agricultural problems and negative impacts on rural communities and the environment in poorer countries. The authors use cutting-edge research from Brazil, Bolivia, Burkino Faso, Indonesia, The Philippines and Thailand to suggest that special attention needs to be paid to local issues in poor countries in the face of globalisation.Sustainable Agriculture and Environment will prove invaluable to scholars and policymakers in the areas of environmental and ecological economics.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Agriculture and Sustainability 2. Trade Liberalisation Agriculture and Sustainability 3. Conditions for Sustainable Development 4. Economics, Aspects of Ecology and Sustainable Agricultural Production 5. Conservation Farming and Indicators of Agricultural Sustainability 6. Reducing the Costs of Modern Agriculture 7. Towards Sustainable Agricultural Systems 8. Landcare 9. Conservation in Germany’s Agrarian Countryside and the World Economy 10. The Implication of Carbon Dioxide Abatement Policies on Food Prices 11. Co-evolution in Asia 12. The Impact of Globalisation on Agricultural Systems of Traditional Societies 13. Asia’s Livestock Industries 14. Environmental Impacts of the Livestock Industries of Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand 15. Family Farming 16. Trade Liberalisation Impacts for Sustainable Development 17. Development by Linking Small Farmers to Growth Markets 18. Is Trade Liberalisation the Right Policy after a Devaluation? 19. Globalisation, Agriculture and Environment Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThroughout the 1990s, Russian households experienced a dramatic fall in their traditional sources of subsistence: wages and social benefits. Many commentators have argued that households have adopted 'survival strategies' that enable them to make ends meet, particularly taking second jobs, growing their own food and calling on the help of family and friends. This book reviews the available data to analyse the forms, scale and incidence of these phenomena. The author finds that so-called 'survival strategies' merely represent a continuation of traditional soviet practices. He demonstrates that they disproportionately benefit the better off and that they do not provide a means by which those who have suffered misfortune can compensate for a fall in their earnings. Instead, he illustrates that most Russian households have adapted simply by cutting expenditure rather than by finding new sources of income. The author concludes by arguing that the notion of a 'household survival strategy' is inappropriate for the study of post-soviet society.Based on the analysis of a wide range of qualitative and quantitative data, Making Ends Meet in Contemporary Russia provides a comprehensive analysis of the means by which Russian households have secured their subsistence in the face of a collapse in wages and employment since the end of the soviet system. It will be required reading for all students, scholars and researchers of transition studies, development studies and human geography.Trade Review'. . . this work represents an important contribution to the literature on socioeconomic responses and outcomes in Russia and goes some way toward setting the future agenda for social policy and research. . . and can be recommended to all with an interest in socioeconomic conditions in contemporary Russia.' -- C.J. Gerry, Slavonic and East European Review'The book is nicely written and contains a wealth of empirical data that makes it very interesting reading. Because of the straightforward statistical analysis used too illustrate the author's arguments the book is also very accessible to both social scientists and the general public interested in this topic.' -- Roman Novozhilov, Progress in Development Studies'I believe the book would be of great interest to students and scholars of Russia. It is well documented, very well organized, and provocative. It challenges widely-held ideas about how the Russians are surviving the current economic crisis. . . Not only does the book present a fascinating analysis of the ways Russian households are dealing with everyday economic problems in a transitioning economy, but it also familiarizes the reader with numerous studies and surveys not well known outside of Russia.' -- Alya Guseva, Contemporary Sociology'The starting point for this impressively documented survey is taken as 1985 with employment and social needs more or less in balance.' -- RusistikaTable of ContentsContents: 1. Household Subsistence in the Russian Economic Crisis 2. Secondary Employment 3. The Russian Dacha and the Myth of the Urban Peasant 4. Social Networks and Private Transfers 5. Do Russian Households Have Survival Strategies? References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisRecent years have seen a rapid growth of interest in farm, community and other small-scale forestry activities. Small-scale private forestry has social benefits which, together with the withdrawal of forest resources from the timber industry, are considered a strong imperative for government intervention to promote free tree planting.Sustainable Small-scale Forestry addresses a broad spectrum of important social, economic and policy issues associated with farm forestry which should benefit production and the environment. The volume presents extensive research in both tropical and temperate regions such as Australia, Asia, America and Europe. The importance of these countries exchanging experiences in farm forestry and assistance measures is highlighted.Edited by members of the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management, this volume will be essential reading for those in involved with social and economic issues, forest policy, natural and land resource economics, and environmental management. Practitioners, researchers and students of forestry and vegetation management will also find the book to be an indispensable source of reference.Trade Review'The authors have succeeded in their aim of producing a source of reference for practitioners, researchers and students of forestry and vegetation management.' -- Peter Eckersley, The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics'. . . this is a neat introduction to contemporary small-scale forestry for students and practitioners alike. I recommend it.' -- Anitra Nelson, Australian Journal of Environmental Management'The book provides a comprehensive coverage of the key issues relating to non-industrial forestry. Its case studies provide a useful insight into how small-scale forestry is treated in other countries. The case studies emphasise the broad range of systems and the broad application of small-scale forestry as well as the need for a broad policy approach to deal with small-scale forestry systems. The book fills an important gap in the available literature on non-industrial private and community forestry, identifying the multi-use values of small-scale forestry and the non-wood benefits it provides. It offers a range of tools for assessing the economic performance of small-scale forestry, and calculating the non-wood benefits. The book provides a useful reference for researchers with an interest in natural resource management and a useful text for students.' -- Peter Grist, Economic Analysis and PolicyTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Setting the Scene Part II: Social and Economic Considerations Part III: Encouraging Small-scale Forestry Part IV: Overview Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisFood security can be defined as the perceived availability of a high-quality, domestically-produced staple food supply which will maintain the existing standard of living. This book provides a forum for a panel of distinguished authors to debate such issues as whether or not many developed countries in Asia - such as Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong and Singapore - have legitimate concerns about their food security. They find, controversially, that this issue is of importance to all countries, not just to developing countries lacking the income to acquire an adequate food supply.The authors analyse the forces affecting the demand for, and supply of, staples such as rice, vegetable oils and protein meals. Rice is the most important staple in Asia and so the authors pay particular attention to the effects of rice production strategies and trade policies on food security. They examine the implications of trade liberalisation in the ASEAN free trade area and in East Asia on agricultural trade and food security. They also discuss the implications of China's ongoing economic transition on its intra-provincial and international agricultural trade, and its policy on self-sufficiency.Food Security in Asia provides a timely evaluation of the food security issue which will be of interest to scholars of Asian studies, agricultural economics and international economics.Trade Review'A brief review such as this cannot touch on all the important issues addressed in this volume, which offers a rich, varied and interesting collection of papers on important aspects of Asian food security. The broad focus of some of the chapters deservedly lend themselves to a wide audience; others that are more narrowly focused have more of a specialist appeal, but will be no less interesting, especially to specialists on a particular country or region or on a particular nutritional issue. . . Whether from an academic or policy perspective, this is a book that will repay careful study.' -- Robert Ash, Journal of Agrarian Change'. . . there is much in this book which should be of considerable relevance to anyone interested in the development of food supply, demand and trade in the countries of East and South East Asia. . . it should also be relevant and accessible to advanced undergraduate and to graduate students pursuing courses in the areas of agricultural development, trade or policy.' -- John Davis, Journal of Agricultural EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Food Security 3. The Urban–Rural Income Gap in China 4. Rice and Food Security in Asia 5. The Implications of the ASEAN Free Trade Area on Agricultural Trade between Taiwan and the ASEAN 6. Assessment of Demand-side Factors Affecting Global Food Security 7. Economic Development and Food Security Issues in Japan and South Korea 8. A Policy Choice of the Rice Import Issue in Taiwan 9. Rice Import Competition and Demand Allocation in Hong Kong and Singapore 10. Food Security Issues in Singapore 11. Demand for Food Safety in Taiwan 12. Forces Shaping Asia’s Demand for Vegetable Oils and Protein Meals Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis comprehensive volume provides an indispensable analysis of the development of agricultural policy in Western Europe and the United States.After providing a background to agricultural policy in the two regions, the authors focus on specific issues including: development policy and trade intervention up to 1930 a review of the major adjustments to agricultural policy in the world depression of the 1930s agricultural adjustment and trade interaction between 1940 and 1973, including the enlargement of the EC, the formation of CAP and the foundation of GATT< an examination of the growth in agricultural protection in the 1980s and the effects of the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations on trade conflicts the EU's 1992 reform of CAP policy reforms in the 1990s in the US and Western Europe and the prospects for the future The book concludes that although there continue to be substantial differences in agricultural policy between the EU and the US, they are diminishing as a result of a fundamental similarity of the forces pushing for reform and the harmonizing effects of international negotiations.Trade Review'. . . this is probably the most balanced, informed and comprehensive treatment of US and Western European agricultural policy now in print. I would recommend it both as a reference and a text. . . It is well informed, well-executed and reasonably accessible to most students and interested readers, and deserves a wide audience.'Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Background to Agricultural Policy 2. History to 1930: Development Policy and Trade Intervention 3. The 1930s: Economic Crisis and Agricultural Support Policies 4. 1940–73: Agricultural Adjustment and Trade Interaction 5. 1973–1980s: Agricultural Expansion and the Rise of Trade Policy Issues 6. International Policy Adjustment 7. Policy Reforms in the 1990s and the Prospects for Further Adjustments Bibliography Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisTrade negotiations are complex interactive processes that bring a combination of existing trade law, the pleadings of special interests and economic theory together in the give and take of compromise, bluff and strategic alliances.Trade disputes involving food and other agricultural products - controversial subjects such as genetically modified foods and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - are the subject of newspaper headlines almost daily. As developing countries demand improved access to European and US markets for their products, international trade has moved into a new era and is now at the heart of trade negotiations.Economic Analysis for International Trade Negotiations provides an analytical framework in which to examine the complex economic issues which arise in international trade negotiations. This framework is developed using examples arising from current contentious issues in the international trade in agricultural products including market access, subsidies, non-tariff barriers, health regulations and biotechnology. The volume concludes with a discussion on the future of trade.Providing a link between economic theory and the WTO, this comprehensive volume will be of great interest to academics specialising in international trade, international relations, agri-business and international business.Trade Review'This book has much to commend itself to those interested in the intricacies of trade negotiations, particularly in agriculture.' -- Jaleel Ahmad, The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development'I believe the authors have the merit of providing a unique and useful textbook for an undergraduate class.' -- Giovanni Anania, European Review of Agricultural Economics'This book is well written and presented in an attractive style . . . deserves a place on the shelves of all serious students of agricultural trade negotiations and the functioning of the WTO.' -- Ken Ingersent, Journal of Agricultural Economics'. . . the book is welcome for bringing together and discussing much of the history and current issues surrounding the WTO and agriculture. Many of the arguments presented are particularly relevant to Australia and New Zealand. It is accessible compared with many other books addressing similar subject matter, and would be of value for a policy analyst who wishes to obtain a quick grasp of issues and theory behind some policy mechanisms. The book would also be useful as a supplementary text for a level two or three course in international trade.' -- Caroline Saunders, The Australian Journal of Agriculture and Resource Economics'This book provides an exceptionally lucid economic analysis of the benefits and losses - the gainers and the losers - from liberalization of international trade. The basic analysis is available to those with limited background in economics, with exceptionally clear use of graphic analysis to provide clear conclusions about the effects of increasing trade. The economic specialist also will find much of interest and value. Clear analyses of some of the very difficult issues facing a new round of trade negotiations, with special emphasis on genetically modified products, are presented. The authors make it clear that there are no easy answers to the conflicts that already exist or are likely to exist in the future with respect to such products. Labelling is a superior alternative to embargoes, but labelling may involve substantial costs for many food products and the costs could exceed reasonable estimates of the benefits. But with our present state of knowledge, the estimation of benefits is subject to great uncertainty. The probable negotiating positions of the major participants in a new round of negotiations are delineated with both clarity and fairness. It seems obvious that if the negotiations deal solely with agriculture that the prospects for success are limited; some liberalization of agricultural trade probably can occur only if the negotiations cover the full range of international trade. In negotiations on agricultural trade, governments give very little weight to the interests of the major beneficiaries of lowering trade barriers, namely the consumers.' -- D. Gale Johnson, University of Chicago, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction to the Issues 2. Modelling Trade for Policy Analysis 3. Unfinished Business 4. New Challenges 5. Trade in the 21st Century References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe environmental imperative exerts strong pressure on polluting industries in the industrialised countries. Environmentally-friendly technologies are available but often at prohibitive costs. Using evidence from the copper industry, this book addresses the question of how polluting industries in developing and transition economies have responded to this challenge. Technological Change and the Environmental Imperative considers the extent of the success of polluting industries in becoming cost-efficient whilst acquiring less polluting technologies, in the face of fierce competition. The authors also discuss what has been the impact of privatisation on this process and what lessons have been learnt. Against this backdrop, and drawing on case material from Chile, China, Peru and Russia, the book goes on to assess the latest technological breakthroughs, and their possible future impact on cost efficiency and the environment.International organisations, policymakers and industry analysts concerned with environmental issues will find this book of great fascination as will academics and researchers in the fields of development studies, transition economies and environmental studies.Trade Review'I am confident that the book will be valuable to a broad range of readers - including those in public policy, in industry, and academics - interested in environmental studies, technological change, technology transfer, development economics and industrial economics.' -- John T. Scott, Journal of Technology TransferTable of ContentsContents: 1. Introduction 2. Economic Liberalization, Innovation, and Technology Transfer: Opportunities for Cleaner Production in Copper Mining and Processing 3. Technological Change and the Environmental Imperative in Chile: Challenges to the Largest Copper Producer in the World 4. Technological Change and the Environmental Imperative: The Case of Copper Smelting in China 5. From Nationalization to Re-Privatization of the Peruvian Copper Industry: Structural Changes and Impact on Environmental Sustainability 6. Growth, Competitiveness and Sustainability: Technological Change in the Russian Copper Industry 7. Flash Technology Facing the Challenges of the Third Millennium Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThere has been an increased awareness of the need to establish and maintain small-scale forestry in tropical countries. This is due to concerns over continued deforestation, as well as the long-term environmental and economic resources these plantations can contribute if managed successfully. This book examines the constraints that limit the development of small-scale forestry in tropical environments and how they can be overcome.The authors first explain the background to their research and demonstrate how, in contrast to industrial plantations, small-scale forestry has a wide variety of objectives, including the production of fuelwood and a wide variety of non-wood products, and the protection of degraded watersheds and wildlife habitats. They examine a broad range of socio-economic topics under the broad themes of policy development, market considerations, the evolution of small-scale forestry systems, and timber and non-wood benefits. In developing countries for example, small-scale forestry is often regarded as a means of facilitating sustainable regional development. As a result of seven years extensive research they have developed a strong policy line, examining measures such as tax provisions and the targeting of subsidy and extension programs that can help promote the growth of non-industrial forest industries. The authors present an integrated socio-economic analysis of the opportunities, impediments and challenges to small-scale forestry in the tropics. As such, this book will be required reading for scholars of environmental economics and science, land resource economists, and environmental, forestry and resource managers.Trade Review'This book is a landmark opening and first attempt at such a process for defining farm forestry, as well as making a contribution to small-scale forestry.' -- Ryo Kohsaka, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'. . . the editors can be commended for offering Australian students of forestry and environmental studies as well as farming entrepreneurs a useful introduction to an area of concern that is gaining an ever-wider public interest.' -- Anitra Nelson, Australian Journal of Environmental Management'The text is valuable in that it describes tropical small-scale farm forestry and the complex interrelationships between social, economic, and biological issues quite well . . . For readers interested in tropical forestry in a developed nation, the book is a detailed and excellent source of information.' -- Matthew Pelkki, Natural Resources JournalTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Setting the Scene Part II: Timber Benefits and Market Considerations Part III: Non-Wood Benefits Part IV: Developing Policies to Encourage Small-Scale Forestry in the Tropics Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisLand quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity and food security, but quantifying these relationships has been difficult. Data are extremely limited and outcomes are sensitive to the choices that farmers make. The contributors to this book - including soil scientists, geographers, and economists - analyse data on soils, climate, land cover, agricultural inputs and outputs, and a variety of socio-economic factors to provide new insights into three key issues: the extent to which differences in land quality generate differences in agricultural productivity across countries how farmers' responses to differences or changes in land quality are influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and whether land degradation over time threatens productivity growth and food security at local, regional, and global levels. This book can be thoroughly recommended to policymakers, public and private sector researchers, university faculty and graduate students, and non-profit organizations for use in research, education, and decision-making.Trade Review'Action is needed to fight poverty by sustaining the environment and the use of natural resources. Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security explores a range of factors driving food security. The book offers an assessment to link quality of the available land resources with productivity of land and the ability to ensure food security. It offers a mixture of broad-scale assessments across the globe, with detailed case studies, deepening our understanding of economics and decision-making mechanisms. It is recommended to researchers, as well as actors in the private and public domain, who are keen to improve their understanding of the appropriate actions that ensure food security in the decade to come.' -- Floor Brouwer, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), The Hague, The NetherlandsTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Overview and Data Part II: Land Quality and Differences in Agricultural Productivity Between Countries Part III: Land Degradation and Changes in Agricultural Productivity Over Time Part IV: Implications for Food Security Part V: Implications for Research and Policy Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAlthough the history of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is dominated by a process of centralisation, growing pressures to integrate agri-environmental problems into the CAP have revealed the need to embrace decentralised approaches in an efficient federal structure. Indeed, in recent years it has become increasingly evident that the agricultural sector must undergo fundamental changes in order to enter an era of sustainable development.The authors do not believe that this will be an easy process, not only because agricultural policies in Europe are dominated by specific interest groups, but primarily because integrating environmental aspects into the CAP requires difficult institutional change at different levels. Centralised decision making at the EU level has characterised recent agricultural policy and the authors argue that centralised and hierarchical governance structures may fail to produce adequate solutions if they are not linked to regional and more diverse institutional arrangements. They demonstrate how these new institutional arrangements should be designed and how this change can be organised. In particular, they highlight the need for cooperation, and the participation of farmers, as a strategy to cope with agri-environmental issues and resource management problems. Addressing the value of co-operative strategies to achieve sustainable development and cope with agri-environmental problems, this book will be of great interest to agricultural economists and those with an interest in ecological reforms of agricultural policies. It will also be particularly relevant to policymakers within EU nations, as well as policymakers within the countries of Eastern and Central Europe who will be amongst the first to be admitted to the EU in the next wave of expansion.Trade Review'. . . I am convinced that Hagedorn's book will form a key reading for years to come for anyone interested in wider aspects of farm co-operation and institutional change in Europe's countryside, and, possibly most importantly, that the book will form a vital baseline against which findings from future research in the field of agricultural and rural co-operation will be assessed and validated.' -- Geoff A. Wilson, Journal of Rural Studies'The book is well-written and makes a significant contribution to the development of the principles and practices of dealing with agri-environmental problems. It is of relevance to a wide circle of readers, including researchers and politicians but also students and others concerned with agri-environmental issues.' -- Stefanie Engel and Ulrike Grote, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'. . . the book has the potential to provide something for everyone.' -- Stefan Backmann, European Review of Agricultural EconomicsTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: Theoretical Approaches and Institutional Foundations of Environmental Co-operation Part II: Designing and Managing Environmental Co-operatives: The Dutch Experience Part III: Governance Structures and Learning Processes for Changing Agricultural Practices Part IV: Implementation of Agri-Environmental Policies as an Issue of Collective Action Part V: The Role of Co-operative Arrangements in Implementing Environmental Policies Part VI: Knowledge Systems, Stakeholders’ Interests and Conflict Resolution in Protected Areas Part VII: Promoting Environmental Protection by Co-operative Marketing of Food Products Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn this new book, Clem Tisdell considers combined economic and ecological influences on levels of agricultural and marine production, their variations and sustainability. The book consists mainly of previously published articles gathered together for the first time, while also including new chapters written especially for this collection. The book begins with an overview of the field, followed by an examination of the choice of variety of species for variable environments, new crops and diversification, production and impacts of economic and ecological factors on agricultural production generally. It goes on to consider specific aspects of pest and disease control in agriculture. The final part is devoted to bio-economic aspects of marine production. Interesting and often controversial topics include consequences and economic causes of genetic selection in agriculture, transgenic crops (GMOs), and effects of aquaculture on levels of wild fish stocks.Interdisciplinary in nature, Economics and Ecology in Agriculture and Marine Production covers a broad range of subjects and will attract a wide readership. It will therefore appeal to ecological, agricultural, environmental and natural resource economists, while also being of interest to those involved in land and food science, fisheries and marine studies.Trade Review'Overall, this is a valuable if initially eclectic set of essays, reflecting as they do Clem Tisdell's lifetime search for issues that can be illuminated by a mixed economic and ecological approach, but which have tended to be ignored by more conventional colleagues. Anyone not familiar with Tisdell's work would do well to secure this volume and dip into it every now and again.' -- David Pearce, Biodiversity and ConservationTable of ContentsContents: Preface Part I: An Overview Part II: Influences of Ecological Conditions on Agricultural Production, Sustainability, and Economic Decisions Part III: Pest and Disease Control and Agricultural Production – Bioeconomic Aspects Part IV: Marine Production – Bioeconomic Aspects Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisApart from food and raw materials, agriculture can also provide ancillary benefits such as landscapes, biodiversity, cultural heritage and thriving rural communities. This book offers a state-of-the-art overview of strategies for sustainable management practices and their implementation through the adoption of suitable instruments. Such practices aim to sustain and support the multiple functions provided by agriculture and natural resources in the rural countryside.The authors explore the value of alternative governance structures and examine the design of policy models and institutional mechanisms for a range of different countries and agricultural methods. The empirical results allow them to identify successful examples as well as recognize practices which have failed. They can then transfer positive policies to geographical areas or production systems where effective and efficient strategies for the sustainable management of natural resources are urgently needed. In doing so, the authors hope to improve the design, identification and implementation of appropriate policy instruments to help sustain the rural economy in the future. They also aim to strengthen the establishment of markets for nature which overcome institutional constraints.This timely new book explores emerging perspectives on multifunctionality in agriculture and the rural environment. It will be widely read by academics, researchers and policymakers with an interest in agricultural and resource economics, environmental governance and sustainable development.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Part I: Concept and Policy Design 2. Multifunctionality as an Agricultural and Rural Policy Concept 3. Jointness of Production as a Market Concept 4. Methodologies for Agri-Environmental Policy Design Part II: Country and Regional Case Studies of Multifunctionality 5. Multifunctionality in European Agriculture 6. Assessing Multifunctionality of European Livestock Systems 7. Integrated Rural Development in Mountain Areas 8. The Dynamics of Local Survival in Greek LFAs 9. Institutional Approaches to Sustain Rural Landscapes in France 10. Multifunctionality in Agriculture and the Contestable Public Domain in the Netherlands 11. Functions of Agriculture in Urban Society in the Netherlands 12. Olive Oil Production and the Rural Economy in Spain Part III: Emerging Perspectives on Multifunctionality 13. Institutions for Sustainable Agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe 14. Segregation and Multifunctionality in New Zealand Landscapes 15. The Multiple Roles of Agriculture in Developing Countries 16. Multifunctionality and Trade Disciplines in North America Part IV: Outlook 17. Methodology and Action: Economic Rationales and Agri-Environmental Policy Choices Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe expanding membership of the EU means significant changes for accession countries' international trade relations, affecting imports, exports, tax revenues, government expenditures and domestic regulatory regimes. There are also significant ramifications for the EU budget. This book is a valuable comprehensive tool kit for analysing the economic effect of EU accession, using examples from the most complex sector for both candidate countries and the EU itself - agriculture. The authors provide a complete set of market configurations with which to analyse harmonisation with the Common Agriculture Policy in both the long and short run. It also provides insights into the questions of regulatory harmonisation in areas of food safety, animal and plant health, the environment, animal welfare, technical standards and the protection of intellectual property. Background is provided on the EU and its policies, economic developments in transition economies and the accession process. The book also provides a unique insight into how negotiating positions can be developed.A wide audience will find this book of great value and interest including policymakers and analysts in governments and related think tanks, businesses and consultancy firms trading in the EU. Scholars and researchers of European studies, international trade and agriculture will also find the book invaluable.Trade Review'Gaisford, Kerr and Perdikis provide an in-depth analysis of the complex issues associated with agriculture and the expansion of the EU.' -- Ingrid Fromm, H-Soz-u-KultTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Economic Assessment of the Common Agriculture Policy 3. Harmonizing with the Common Agriculture Policy 4. Technical Capacity – Problems with Meeting EU Standards 5. Conclusion References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisIn many tropical countries, mangrove forests are a crucial component of coastal resources. Nowhere is this more evident than in Thailand where their continued destruction due to shrimp farm expansion is impacting upon forestry, fisheries and the quality of the coastal environment. In addition to the environmental damage caused, mangrove loss is also a serious social problem. Many people live and work among the mangrove forests and the destruction of the resources and ecological functions these forests provide affect the economic livelihoods and cultural heritage of many communities. Against these losses must be weighed the considerable commercial and foreign exchange benefits of shrimp aquaculture and production, which is a major export industry in Thailand. Through in-depth case studies of local communities in four distinct coastal areas in Southern Thailand, the authors are able to assess objectively the underlying economic causes, and consequences, of mangrove deforestation due to the expansion of shrimp farms. Economists, ecologists, sociologists and coastal management specialists will all welcome this unique inter-disciplinary appraisal of the ecological, economic and social implications of shrimp farm expansion and mangrove conversion. It will also be of particular value to international and national policymakers concerned with coastal management in tropical countries.Trade Review'. . . essential reading for all who are interested in the ecological and environmental consequences of shrimp farming and its social impacts.' -- Clem Tisdell, Aquaculture Economics and ManagementTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction: Global Mangrove Loss and Economic Development Part I: National Trends and Analysis of Mangroves 2. The Importance of Mangroves: Ecological Perspectives and Socio-Economic Values 3. Overview of Shrimp Farming and Mangrove Loss in Thailand 4. Analysis of Shrimp Farm Expansion and Mangrove Conversion in Thailand, 1979–1996 Part II: Case Studies: Phang-nga and Nakhon Si Thammarat 5. Analytical Background of the Case Studies and Research Sites: Ecological, Historical and Social Perspectives 6. Mangrove Dependency, Income Distribution and Conservation 7. Household Use of Mangrove and Mangrove Conservation Decisions 8. The Effects of Mangrove Loss on the Labor Allocation of Households 9. Analysis of Shrimp Farms’ Use of Land 10. Coastal Communities, Mangrove Loss and Shrimp Farming: Social and Institutional Perspectives 11. Comparative Returns of Mangroves for Shrimp Farming and Local Direct and Indirect Uses in Surat Thani Province Part III: Mangrove Loss and Shrimp Farming in Thailand: Conclusions 12. Conclusions of the Study and Policy Recommendations References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAgriculture in the New Global Economy examines the extent to which the political economy of agriculture and the food chain is being transformed by globalisation. This book highlights the important changes that have taken place in the agriculture and food system with the spread of globalisation to this traditionally local sector. Structural change and emerging technologies have contributed to this transformation, which has extended to the political environment in which agriculture operates. The authors identify four paradigms that have characterised the governance of agriculture: a traditional dependent-agriculture paradigm; a neo-liberal competitive paradigm; a multifunctional paradigm; and an emergent globalised-production paradigm. The tensions among these paradigms are developed with reference to evidence from the United States and Canada, the EU, Australia, Japan and the Global South. The book analyses the controversy over genetic modification of foodcrops, developments in agricultural trade policy at the multilateral and regional levels, changing national food policy systems, and emerging global governance arrangements for the sector. Illustrating contemporary policy debates using both theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence, this book will appeal to academics, researchers and students specialising in political science, environmental studies, agricultural economics, management and food policy. The book will also be of interest to government practitioners in agriculture and environment departments as well as international organisations such as the EU, FAO and WTO.Trade Review'This is an important book for students interested in contemporary agro-food systems and rural land use. Written by two political scientists and an agricultural economist, the book pays close attention to the politics of agricultural trade. It is a welcome addition to the scholarship on global agro-food systems.' -- Krisna Suryanata, Growth & Change'Very illuminating, very balanced and often to the point, this book clarifies in a remarkably 'simple' manner complex (possible) developments within this often overlooked sector of fundamental importance for human survival. It will be of great value for students on a wide variety of courses as well as for researchers, administrators and policymakers. I warmly recommend it.' -- Geografiska Annaler'This book can be recommended to policymakers in the areas of agriculture, food and environment at national and international level and to researchers and students from agricultural and food policy, political science, management but also environment. . . it is a useful and comprehensive introduction and overview to understand current developments in international agricultural and trade policy.' -- Marcus Mergenthaler, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'Agriculture in the New Global Economy is highly recommended to all those with an interest in international agriculture. I think it especially useful for readers who are unfamiliar with the territory and are looking for careful outlines and helpful pathways.' -- Allan Tunstall, Rural SocietyTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Economic Globalisation: Changing Patterns of Trade, Industry Structure and Farming 3. Technology and Political Resistance 4. The Globalisation of Ideas 5. Globalisation, Regionalisation and Trade Rules 6. A Transnational Policy Space: The Actors 7. A Transnational Policy Space: Structure References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis important collection prepared by Robert E. Evenson and Terri Raney - leading scholars in the field - focuses on one of the most controversial issues of our time - the genetic modification of agricultural produce. Whilst the US and Canada are supportive of GM crops, the European Union urges other countries to involve the 'precautionary principle' in regulatory policy. This comprehensive volume, which will appeal to scholars and practitioners alike, includes papers discussing this European Union-North American divide and possible resolutions of differences on this subject. Topics examined include: the technology; the industry; farmer adoption; consumer acceptance; economic impacts; the emergence of GM free markets and GM products for developing countries.Trade Review'. . . the book covers socio-economic and policy aspects related to GM crops in a very comprehensive way. Most of the individual papers are of high quality and provide interesting results.' -- Matin Qaim, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'This volume will be of particular importance to scholars and practitioners alike.' -- CAB Abstracts'This volume does an excellent job encapsulating the recent thinking on transgenic crops. This collection of well-written papers presents the debate on the future of biotechnology within the context of the evolution of agriculture, economic development, the environment, and international trade. The book conveys the vast potential of agricultural biotechnology in enhancing human well-being and environmental quality, and the challenges that lie ahead in developing policies that will tap this potential. It is an important read for those interested in technological change, agriculture, development, and the environment.' -- David Zilberman, University of California, Berkeley, US'This excellent collection of readings on this complex and highly political topic covers all the key issues. How those issues are resolved in the years ahead will have a profound effect on the world food economy and especially on the hungry and malnourished.' -- Kym Anderson, The World Bank, USTable of ContentsContents: Acknowledgements Introduction Robert E. Evenson and Terri Raney PART I OVERVIEW 1. (2004), ‘FAO Declares War on Farmers Not on Hunger’ 2. Jaques Diouf (2004), ‘Biotechnology: FAO Response to Open Letter from NGOs’ 3. International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology Research (ICABR), Open Letter to FAO Director General in Support of SOFA 2003-04 Biotechnology Report 4. Robert L. Paarlberg, Raymond F. Hopkins and Lisa Ladewski (2004), ‘Regulation of GM Crops: Shaping an International Regime’ PART II THE TECHNOLOGY 5. Vernon W. Ruttan (2000), ‘The Biotechnology Industries’ 6. Christian Jung (2000), ‘Molecular Tools for Plant Breeding’ 7. Kate Dreher, Michael Morris, Mireille Khairallah, Jean Marcel Ribaut, Shivaji Pandey and Ganesan Srinivasan (2002), ‘Is Marker-Assisted Selection Cost-Effective Compared with Conventional Plant Breeding Methods? The Case of Quality Protein Maize’ PART III THE INDUSTRY 8. Robert E. Evenson (2002), ‘Agricultural Biotechnology’ 9. Carl E. Pray and Anwar Naseem (2003), ‘The Economics of Agricultural Biotechnology Research’ PART IV FARMER ADOPTION 10. Food and Agriculture Organization (2004), ‘From the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution’ PART V CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE 11. Joe L. Parcell and Nicholas G. Kalaitzandonakes (2004), ‘Do Agricultural Commodity Prices Respond to GMO Bans?’ 12. Wallace E. Huffman, Matthew Rousu, Jason F. Shogren and Abebayehu Tegene (2004), ‘The Welfare Effects of Implementing Mandatory GM Labelling in the USA’ 13. Marianne McGarry-Wolf, Paola Bertolini and Jacob Parker-Garcia (2004), ‘A Comparison of Consumer Attitudes Towards GM Food in Italy and the USA’ 14. Sylvie Bonny (2004), ‘Factors Explaining Opposition to GMOs in France and the Rest of Europe’ PART VI HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 15. Food and Agriculture Organization (2004), ‘Health and Environmental Impacts of Transgenic Crops’ PART VII THE EVOLVING REGULATORY STRUCTURE 16. Lydia Zepeda (2004), ‘Genetically Engineered Food Labelling: Global Policy Polarization’ 17. Jill E. Hobbs, William A. Kerr, J.D. Gaisford, Grant Issac and Kurt K. Klein (2004), ‘Conflict and Consensus-Building: International Commercial Policy and Agricultural Biotechnology’ 18. Dirk Heumueller and Tim Josling (2004), ‘Trade Restrictions on Genetically Engineered Foods: The Application of the TBT Agreement’ PART VIII THE EMERGENCE OF GM FREE MARKETS 19. Michael Burton, Sallie James, Bob Lindner and Jo Pluske (2002), ‘A Way Forward for Frankenstein Foods’ 20. Troy G. Schmitz, Charles B. Moss and Andrew Schmitz (2004), ‘Segmentation of GMO and Non-GMO Soybean Markets Under Identity Preservation Costs and Government Price Supports’ 21. Tirtha Dhar and Jeremy D. Foltz (2005), ‘Milk by Any Other Name… Consumer Benefits from Labeled Milk’ PART IX ECONOMIC IMPACTS 22. Food and Agriculture Organization (2004), ‘Economic Impacts of Transgenic Crops’ 23. Lovell S. Jarvis (2002), ‘The Potential Effect of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin on World Dairying’ 24. Stuart Smyth and Peter W.B. Phillips (2002), ‘Science and Regulation: Assessing the Impacts of Incomplete Institutions and Information in the Global Agricultural Biotechnology Industry’ 25. Monika Tothova and James F. Oehmke (2006), ‘Biotechnology and the Emergence of Club Behaviour in Agricultural Trade’ 26. Kym Anderson, Chantal Pohl Nielsen and Sherman Robinson (2002), ‘Estimating the Economic Effects of GMOs: The Importance of Policy Choices and Preferences’ PART X GM PRODUCTS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 27. Robert E. Evenson (2004), ‘GMOs: Prospects for Productivity Increases in Developing Countries’ 28. Food and Agriculture Organization (2004), ‘Research And Research Policy For the Poor’ 29. Food and Agriculture Organization (2004), ‘Capacity Building For Biotechnology In Food And Agriculture’ Name Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe WTO's attempts at agricultural trade liberalization have raised concerns that the current movement towards globalization fails to adequately address environmental issues. Even in developed countries, where agriculture at the farm-level represents a small fraction of total GDP, trade-induced changes in agricultural production levels could have considerable environmental effects. This timely new book analyzes the possible linkages between agricultural trade liberalization and the environment, and assesses the negative and positive impacts of any possible reforms. The authors begin by providing an extensive empirical examination of the potential environmental consequences of agricultural trade liberalization at both a global and US level. However, not only might changes in trade policy affect the environment, but environmental policy can also influence trade. Consequently, the authors conduct a detailed study of the impact of US agri-environmental policies on trade flows. To conclude, they investigate conceptual and policy aspects of the important inter-relationship between agricultural trade and unintentional environmental by-products, transboundary concerns and multilateral environmental agreements.In the context of ongoing trade negotiations, this comprehensive book provides an objective overview of the potential economic consequences of the relationship between trade and the environment. It will be of special interest to agricultural, development and environmental economists as well as policymakers and policy analysts confronting the practical problems of environmental and economic assessment.Trade Review'. . . the book provides a comprehensive analysis of multiple aspects of the relationship between trade and the environment. . . It is definitely an eye-opener and a step forward in an ever more important discussion. It highlights the extreme complexity of the relationship between trade liberalization, agricultural policy and environmental effects and shows that trade liberalization does not and should not exclude environmentally friendly agricultural production.' -- Angela M. Hau, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'This is a very valuable and timely book that provides insightful factual and methodological perspectives on the co-evolution of agriculture and the environment in an era of trade liberalization and environmental regulation. It is an especially useful resource for understanding the emerging agricultural policies, which integrate environmental, international trade and income distribution considerations. It will be very beneficial for students of agricultural policy as it provides broad perspectives on both the forces shaping the future of global agriculture and the environment, and the crucial details of modeling for policy assessment and design.' -- David Zilberman, University of California, Berkeley, US'The environmental consequences of trade are a major issue in the debate over the merits of expanded global trade. This book offers a systematic and accessible presentation of the conceptual issues and empirical results related to agricultural trade and the environment, as well as the impacts of environmental policies on trade. Agriculture is in many countries a major environmental driver, making an understanding of the environmental consequences of agricultural trade essential for a comprehensive understanding of the trade and environment issue. The empirical work presented in this book is largely focused on the United States but there are conceptual and methodological lessons that can be applied to studies in other contexts. The book is a valuable contribution to the emerging scientific evaluation of trade and the environment. It will be of interest to economists and policy analysts working in this area.' -- James Shortle, Pennsylvania State University, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction Joseph Cooper 2. The Environmental By-Products of Agriculture: International Policy Responses Joseph Cooper, Jason Bernstein, Uptal Vasavada amd Jean-Christophe Bureau PART I: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION 3. Some Domestic Environmental Effects of US Agricultural Adjustments under Liberalized Trade: A Preliminary Analysis Joseph Cooper, Robert Johansson and Mark Peters 4. Global Environmental Effects of Agricultural Adjustments under Liberalized Trade John Sullivan and Kevin Ingram PART II: TRADE IMPACTS OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS 5. Domestic Agri-Environmental Policies in a Trade Perspective Mark Peters and Mark Smith 6. Effects of Agri-Environmental Payment Policies on Agricultural Trade Joseph Cooper, Mark Peters and Roger Claasen PART III: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND POLICY 7. Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Trade Joseph Cooper and Jonathan Kaplan 8. Further Considerations Joseph Cooper References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisAgricultural Policy Reform and the WTO provides insights into the effects of the Uruguay Round WTO agreement on agricultural policy and global markets, and considers what is at stake in the Doha Development Agenda Round. The contributors to the book deal with a broad range of topics, including the evolution of domestic and trade policies in the last ten years across developed and developing countries and proposals made in the agricultural negotiation regarding market access, export subsidies and domestic support; new issues emergent in agricultural trade negotiations are also explored, including: interaction between national regulatory systems and the deepening integration of the international trade regime intellectual property rights protection food safety• quality regulations antidumping trade protection. Finally, the future of international trade relations is discussed, in particular the implications of enforcing domestic regulations to comply with international rules.This rich collection of research and analysis will be invaluable to researchers, academics and policymakers with an interest in agricultural policy analysis and international economics.Trade Review‘Agricultural Policy Reform and the WTO provides in-depth information and analyses and covers many relevant and timely topics related to agricultural policies, trade and developing countries. The volume contains useful lessons learnt from the post Uruguay period and answers its self-imposed question by pointing at unfinished business and future challenges. It is definitely a useful resource and should not only stimulate discussion among practitioners and scientists, but also encourage innovative research and political action.' -- Clemens Breisinger, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture'The volume contains contributions from many of the world's leading agricultural policy researchers. As a result, it maintains a generally high academic standard despite being undeniably policy focused.' -- Emma Aisbett, Journal of Economic Literature'This is an important volume, containing contributions by an outstanding group of authors on some of the central issues of the Doha agenda negotiations. Distinguishing features of the volume include its comprehensive coverage of the issues, and the way the authors explain them in comprehensible terms, covering both the historical context and the debates currently raging in the WTO.' -- Will Martin, The World Bank, USTable of ContentsContents: Preface Agricultural Policy Reform: Past Present and Future Part I: Agriculture and Agricultural Policy Changes Ten Years After the Uruguay Round Part II: The Three Pillars of the WTO Negotiations on Agriculture Part III: Agricultural Trade Relations, WTO Negotiations on Agriculture and the Developing World Part IV: The WTO and the Future of International Trade Relations Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisWhaling Diplomacy is the only book that addresses all of the substantive issues relating to the conservation of whales through the International Whaling Commission (IWC). It covers the law, policy, science and philosophy at the heart of each element of the debate, discussing how it has developed, the current problems that beset it and what is necessary for the future. Together, all of the issues involved in whaling form a single crucible through which the future of conservation in international environmental law is being debated. The intensity of this debate, despite being at the forefront of international environmental problems for over three decades has not dissipated, as ultimately, the clash of values, science and law within whaling diplomacy is one of the key front lines for international conservation in the 21st century. Studying the contemporary developments in international environmental law and policy, this book therefore is not just about whales, but also how related debates are being reflected in other forums.Students of law, politics, environmental economics and philosophy will find this book of great value for it's cutting-edge relevance over the three disciplines. Policymakers will also find it of interest for the insight into one of the most controversial conservation debates of our time.Trade Review'In this impressively informative book, Gillespie attempts to lead the reader through a brief history of commercial whaling, the creation and development of the key international bodies addressing whaling, and the ethical and political dilemmas that make this topic both so revealing and so important to the development of international law. The quest is epic and auspicious. Against the odds, Gillespie manages to capture the substance and the essence of the debate, along with the full attention of the reader . . . As the title promises, Gillespie provides a detailed, carefully documented account of whaling diplomacy. In the process of contributing to our understanding of the legal regime on whaling, however, he also draws our attention to the relationship between whaling law and international environmental law and the importance of viewing international environmental issues within a broader political, legal and ethical context. In all of these ways, the book adds to our understanding of the complexity of developing, implementing and maintaining effective international environmental laws in an ever-changing political and natural environment.' -- Cinnamon Pinon Carlarne, International Journal of Maritime History'This work is well written, authoritatively argued, masterfully thought out, and extensively documented with references from primary sources. . . . Clearly, this volume will be welcomed as an indispensable intellectual resource by laymen, scholars and policymakers alike who are seriously interested in the need for new attitudes dedicated to marshalling diplomatic initiatives for implementing and enforcing effective conservation policies.' -- Christopher C. Joyner, The Law and Politics Book Review'The International Whaling Commission has complex history and deals with fascinating issues in respect of which attitudes have changed markedly since the organisation was founded in 1946. Al Gillespie has been through all the records and knows the story well; even better he knows in practical terms how it works since he has been a distinguished member of the New Zealand delegation to the Commission for years. There can be few who know more about this controversial international body. The book demonstrates excellent research on many fronts and is full of valuable insights on a topic that will only become more important over time.' -- Rt Hon Sir Geoffrey Palmer, former Prime Minister of New Zealand, and current Commissioner for New Zealand to the International Whaling Commission'Gillespie's book is a very valuable study of whaling, which adopted a holistic approach to the subject and which represents a very high standard of academic research. It strikes an excellent balance between theory and practice and therefore, should be of interest for both academics and practitioners. The book addresses all the controversial areas of whaling and offers a solid legal and philosophical background.' -- Malgosia Fitzmaurice, Queen Mary, University of London, UKTable of ContentsContents: Preface Introduction Part I: Numbers and Threats 1. From the Blue-Whale Unit to the Revised Management Scheme 2. Management and Numbers 3. Environmental Threats to Cetaceans and the Limits of the IWC 4. Incidental Capture Part II: Philosophy in International Environmental Law 5. Whaling under Scientific Auspices 6. Humane Killing 7. Non-Lethal Utilization and the Irish Proposal 8. Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling Part III: The Mechanics of International Environmental Law 9. Sanctuaries 10. Small Cetaceans 11. The Primacy of the IWC and Related International Organizations 12. Compliance 13. Reservations to the ICRW 14. Transparency 15. Vote-Buying 16. Finance Part IV: Conclusion 17. Conclusion Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book argues that the viability of many observed market and non-market interventions in agricultural products worldwide depends considerably on the underlying behaviour of the relevant commodity markets. Many of these policies have had distortive impacts, resulting in much discussion and controversy in the context of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Doha Round of trade negotiations. Despite the long history of studies of commodity market behaviour, a number of issues remain unresolved. The authors review a wide range of these issues and provide a survey of current methodological and empirical research to increase our understanding of the nature of commodity markets. Price behaviour and the reliability of different prediction methods are examined and the particular implications for commodity dependent developing countries are also highlighted. This state-of-the-art survey of agricultural commodity market behaviour will prove to be of immense interest to researchers, students and academics in the fields of agricultural market analysis, development studies and economics. The book will also strongly appeal to policymakers in both agricultural trading countries and international agencies and to private commodity market analysts.Table of ContentsContents: Foreword Hartwig de Haen Introduction David Hallam and Alexander Sarris 1. Properties of International Commodity Prices: Identifying Trends, Cycles and Shocks Paul Cashin and C. John McDermott 2. Trends and Volatility in Agricultural Commodity Prices Christopher L. Gilbert 3. Forecasting Commodity Prices: Futures versus Judgement Chakriya Bowman and Aasim M. Husain 4. Is the Storage Model a ‘Closed’ Empirical Issue? The Empirical Ability of the Storage Model to Explain Price Dynamics Carlo Cafiero and Brian D. Wright 5. Theoretical Advances in the Modeling of Storage and Speculation Eugenio Bobenrieth, Juan Bobenrieth and Brian D. Wright 6. Imperfect Competition and International Agricultural Commodity Markets Steve McCorriston 7. Spatial Integration and Price Transmission in Agricultural Commodity Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa Awudu Abdulai 8. Market Integration and Price Transmission in Selected Food and Cash Crop Markets of Developing Countries: Review and Applications George Rapsomanikis, David Hallam and Piero Conforti 9. Measuring the Efficiency of Food Markets: The Case of Nicaragua Donald F. Larson 10. Do Cotton Prices Follow Polyester Prices? John Baffes and Gaston Gohou 11. Weather and Index-based Insurance for Developing Countries: Experience and Possibilities Jerry R. Skees, Jason Hartell and Jianqiang Hao 12. Approaches to Managing Coffee Price Risks Panos Varangis and Bryan Lewin 13. The Use of Futures and Options to Insure Wheat Import Price Risks by Low-Income Food Deficit Countries Alexander Sarris, Piero Conforti and Adam Prakash 14. How Can Agricultural Commodity Producers Appropriate a Greater Share of Value Chain Incomes? Raphael Kaplinsky 15. Commodities, Diversification and Poverty Reduction John Humphrey 16. Assessing the Impact of WTO Reforms on World Agricultural Markets: A New Approach Thomas W. Hertel and Roman Keeney 17. Conclusions Alexander Sarris and David Hallam Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisTo date, research on the economic implications of climate change on fisheries has been both limited and fragmented. The contributors to this volume remedy the lack of attention by investigating the economic consequences of pelagic fish fluctuations in the recent past in order to understand how to adapt and respond to future climate changes.Small pelagic fish constitute approximately 30 per cent of the world's fish catch, have a global distribution, and are characterized by dramatic fluctuations in response to ocean climate. Despite this, countries adjust to changes in fish abundance, regardless of the cause, at variable time scales. These adjustments are often uncoordinated. The contributors address these concerns in chapters that cover a range of topics including: historical fluctuations of Atlanto-Scandian herring, management adaptations to climate regime shifts, differential consequences of pelagic fishery collapses in Southeast Asia, and the globalized nature of fishmeal markets. The case studies are complementary and yet self-standing, highlighting the need for a more coordinated assessment of impacts, and calling for more focused research.Students and scholars of climate change and environmental and resource economics will find this cohesive volume an instructive and enlightening resource. Policymakers and those in the fisheries management community will find the case studies and analyses useful in determining future goals and responses.Trade Review‘Climate Change and the Economics of the World's Fisheries brings together economists, other social scientists, fisheries biologists and mathematicians to ponder how projected changes in climate will affect fisheries and fisheries management throughout the world. . . I recommend this volume to professional fisheries economists and quantitatively oriented fisheries scientists. . . the book is provocative and likely to stimulate new research.' -- Martin D. Smith, International Journal of Maritime HistoryTable of ContentsContents: Climate Change and the Economics of the World’s Fisheries: An Introduction Manuel Barange, Rögnvaldur Hannesson and Samuel F. Herrick Jr 1. Global Warming, Small Pelagic Fisheries and Risk Ragnar Arnason 2. The Collapse of the Norwegian Herring Fisheries in the 1960s and 1970s: Crisis, Adaptation and Recovery Torbjørn Lorentzen and Rögnvaldur Hannesson 3. Sharing the Herring: Fish Migrations, Strategic Advantage and Climate Change Rögnvaldur Hannesson 4. Rise and Fall of the Herring Towns: Impacts of Climate and Human Teleconnections Lawrence Hamilton, Oddmund Otterstad and Helga Ögmundardóttir 5. An Optimal Harvest Policy for the Recently Renewed United States Pacific Sardine Fishery Samuel F. Herrick Jr, Kevin Hill and Christian Reiss 6. Long-term Harvest Strategies for Small Pelagic Fisheries under Regime Shifts: The South African Fishery for Pilchard and Anchovy José De Oliveira 7. Declines in Namibia’s Pilchard Catch: The Reasons and Consequences Ussif Rashid Sumaila and Kevin Stephanus 8. Climate Change and Small Pelagic Fisheries in Developing Asia: The Economic Impact on Fish Producers and Consumers Roehl Briones, Len Garces and Mahfuzuddin Ahmed 9. Bi-national Management of a Transboundary Marine Fishery: Modelling the Destabilizing Impacts of Erratic Climate Shifts Robert McKelvey, Peter Golubtsov, Kathleen Miller and Greg Cripe 10. Prototype of an Integrated Model of the Worldwide System of Small Pelagic Fisheries Christian Mullon and Pierre Fréon 11. On the Consequences of Climate Change in Pelagic Fish Populations: A Conclusion Rögnvaldur Hannesson, Samuel F. Herrick Jr and Manuel Barange Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book analyses the gradual shift in the distribution of power in agri-food supply chains, away from the manufacturers of branded food products to the global supermarket chains such as Wal-Mart and Tesco. This transformation has had a profound effect on the food we eat, together with the ways in which food is produced, processed and marketed. The authors assess the causes and consequences of this transformation, and evaluate the impacts along the whole supply chain. The book considers a variety of theoretical and cultural approaches to the analysis of change in the organization and management of the agri-food supply chain, and presents a series of studies focusing upon the effects of changes in Europe, North America and less developed countries. The impacts on farmers and workers, and implications for the environment, are also considered. The contested nature of these changes suggests a number of possible future scenarios for the global agri-food system, which are also analysed and evaluated. This book will be of great interest to postgraduate and undergraduate students in business studies, sociology, politics, geography, and cultural studies. Academic researchers and teachers, and policy makers and researchers in business, government and industry will also find much of interest.Trade Review'The book is a welcome supplement to the existing literature on the topic and it is written by authors from a range of disciplines including political economics, sociology, geography, political sciences, bio-sciences, health sciences and food policy. The book is of interest to a wide audience of students and practitioners both in business, industry and government.' -- Aad van Tilburg, Quarterly Journal of International AgricultureTable of ContentsContents: 1. Understanding Supermarkets and Agri-food Supply Chains Geoffrey Lawrence and David Burch PART I: THE CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF AGRI-FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS 2. Supermarkets as New Food Authorities Jane Dixon 3. The Rise of Supermarkets and Asymmetries of Economic Power Mark Harvey 4. Are Win-wins Feasible? Power Relationships in Agri-food Supply Chains and Markets Andrew Cox and Dan Chicksand 5. Supermarket Own Brands, New Foods and the Reconfiguration of Agri-food Supply Chains David Burch and Geoffrey Lawrence PART II: REGULATION AND STANDARDS IN AGRI-FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS 6. Supermarkets, Producers and Audit Technologies: The Constitutive Micro-politics of Food, Legitimacy and Governance Hugh Campbell and Richard Le Heron 7. Supermarkets as Organic Retailers: Impacts for the Australian Organic Sector Kristen Lyons 8. Supermarkets and the Ethical Trade/Fairtrade Movement: Making Spaces for Alternatives in Mainstream Economies? Alex Hughes 9. The Environmental Impact of Supermarkets: Mapping the Terrain and the Policy Problems in the UK Tim Lang and David Barling PART III: COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN AGRI-FOOD SUPPLY CHAINS 10. The Final Frontier? The Global Roll-out of the Retail Revolution in India Jeffrey Neilson and Bill Pritchard 11. Supermarkets and Agri-food Supply Chains in Europe: Partnership and Protest Bill Vorley 12. Supermarkets and Supply Chains in North America Jason Konefal, Carmen Bain, Michael Mascarenhas and Lawrence Busch Conclusion 13. Situating the ‘Retailing Revolution’ Philip McMichael and Harriet Friedmann Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe provision of food is undergoing radical transformations throughout the global community. Peter Oosterveer argues that, as a consequence, conventional national governmental regulations can no longer adequately respond to existing and emerging food risks and to environmental concerns. This book examines these challenges. Translating recent innovative thinking in the social sciences - as seen in the work of Manuel Castells and John Urry amongst others - to the world of food, this book reviews the challenges facing global food governance and the innovative regulatory arrangements that are being introduced by different governments, NGOs and private companies. The analysis includes case-studies on the European BSE crisis, GM-food regulation, salmon and shrimp farming and food labelling. The author highlights how contemporary governance arrangements also have to acknowledge increasing consumer demand for food produced with care for the environment, animal welfare and social justice. Developing and implementing adequate global food governance arrangements therefore demands the active involvement of private firms, consumers, and civil society organisations with national governments.Peter Oosterveer's book will appeal to scholars - postgraduate and above - involved in industrial organization, agricultural studies and environmental sciences as well as those with an interest in the globalisation and governance of this important and topical area.Table of ContentsContents: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Current Debates on Global Food Governance 3. Studying the Governance of Flows of Food in the Global Network Society: A Conceptual Framework 4. Governments and the Governance of Food 5. Reinventing Risk Politics: Reflexive Modernity and the BSE Crisis 6. Governing Genetically Modified Food in the Global Network Society 7. Turning Blue into Green? 8. Environmental Governance of Global Food Flows: Labelling as New Arrangements? 9. Conclusions References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book explores the policy implications of growing pressures for economic adjustment in the agricultural sectors of developed countries. The primary focus is on Europe and North America, but adjustment policies in other developed countries are discussed. Some chapters are based on an international workshop at Imperial College, London in October 2003 and an international symposium in Philadelphia in the spring of 2004.Table of Contents1: Agricultural Adjustment and Policy Reform – Introduction, D Blandford and B Hill 2: Structural Change in European Agriculture, B Hill 3: Structural Change in U.S. Agriculture, J M MacDonald, R Hoppe, and D Banker, Department of Agriculture, Washington, USA 4: Pressures for Adjustment in the Agricultural Sectors of Developed Countries, D Blandford 5: Policy Reform & Adjustment in the European Union: Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy & Enlargement, P Bascou, P Londero & W Münch, Agriculture & Rural Development of the European Commission 6: Policy Reform & US Agricultural Adjustment Capacity, M Burfisher, US Naval Academy, K Hanson, US Department of Agriculture, J Hopkins, US House of Representatives, & A Somwaru, US Dep of Agriculture 7: Agricultural Policy Reform and Adjustment in Australia and New Zealand, D Harris, D N Harris & Associates, Melbourne, Australia, and A Rae, Massey University, New Zealand 8: The Swedish Agricultural Policy Reform of 1990, E Rabinowicz, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden 9: Agricultural Policy Reform and Structural Adjustment in Korea and Japan, H Kim, Seoul National University, Korea, and Y-K Lee, Yeungnam University, Korea 10: Policy Reform and Agricultural Adjustment in Transition Countries, J F M Swinnen, University of Leuven, Belgium 11: The Reform of Grain Transportation Policy and Transformation in Western Canadian Agriculture, D Doan, B Paddock, and J Dyer, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada 12: The U.S. Peanut Quota Buyout: Sectoral Adjustment to Policy Change Under the 2002 Farm Act, E Dohlman, L Hoffman, E Young and W McBride, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, USA 13: What Affects Farmers’ Ability to Adjust: Evidence from the United States, J Hopkins, M Morehart and J Johnson, Department of Agriculture, Washington, USA 14: Differences in Farm Performance and Adjustment to Change: A Perspective from the Netherlands, K J Poppe and H van Meijl, Agricultural Research Institute (LEI), The Netherlands 15: Policies Affecting Resource Adjustment in Agriculture in the European Union, C Cahill, OECD Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, France and B Hill 16: Policy for Agricultural Adjustment in the United States, D Blandford and R N Boisvert, Cornell University, USA 17: Adjustment Policy for Agriculture in Developed Countries, D Blandford and B Hill

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe purpose of this book is to analyze the effects of developed countries' agricultural policies on developing countries. The main focus is on food security, poverty and other topics such as multifunctionality, biotechnology and regional agreements, as an input to policy reform within the World Trade Organization (WTO) trade negotiations. The book arises from a joint project between the Food and Resource Economics Institute in Denmark and the International Food Policy Research Institute in Washington.Table of Contents1: Overview, E Diaz-Bonilla, Inter-American Development Bank, USA, S E Frandsen, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark, and S Robinson, University of Sussex Falmer, UK 2: Review of the EU Common Agricultural Policy, S E Frandsen and A Walter-Jørgensen, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark 3: The Common Agricultural Policy in an Enlarged Europe: Bright or Bleak Prospects for Africa, B Gersfelt and H G Jensen, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark 4: U.S. Agricultural Policy: The 2002 Farm Bill and WTO Doha Round Proposals, D Orden, International Food Policy Research Institute, USA 5: The Effects of Domestic Agricultural Reforms and Market Access on Trade and Production in Less Developed Countries, S Robinson and K Thierfelder, US Naval Academy, USA 6: Potential Coalitions and Convergence in the Doha Round, K M Lind, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark, and C Bjørnskov, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark 7: Assessing the Harbinson Draft on Modalities in the WTO Agriculture Negotiations, S E Frandsen, H G Jensen, K M Lind, P P Melgaard, and W Yu, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark 8: Food Security and the World Trade Organization: A Typology of Countries, E Diaz-Bonilla, M Thomas, International Food Policy Research Institute, USA, S Robinson and A Cattaneo, Economic Research Service, USDA, USA 9: A Proposal for Combating Acute Food Shortages Based on Sub-Saharan Africa Needs, K M Lind 10: Thinking Inside the Boxes: Protection in the Development and Food Security Boxes Versus Investments in the Green Box, E Diaz-Bonilla, Z Diao, International Food Policy Research Institute, USA and S Robinson 11: That was then but this is now: Multifunctionality in Industry and Agriculture, E Diaz-Bonilla and J Tin, Washington, USA 12: Trade in Genetically Modified Food: Promises and Pitfalls for the Poor, C P Nielsen, Food and Resource Economic Institute, Denmark and K Theirfelder 13: Is the Everything But Arms Initiative the way to go for Least Developed Countries in the WTO Negotiations, W Yu, and T V Jensen, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Denmark 14: New Regionalism in the Aftermath of Cancun: To the Benefit or Detriment of Developing Countries, C P Nielsen

Read more less