African history Books

Book SynopsisRhiannon Stephens offers a conceptual history of how people living in eastern Uganda have sustained and changed their ways of thinking about wealth and poverty over the past two thousand years.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments xi Introduction 1 1. Methodologies and Sources for a Conceptual History of Economic Difference over the Longue Durée 22 2. Excavating Early Ideas about Poverty and Wealth 45 Interchapter. Overview of Climate Developments 64 3. The Bereft and the Powerful: Greater Luhyia Concepts of Poverty and Wealth through the Nineteenth Century 72 4. Gender and Honor: North Nyanza Concepts of Poverty and Wealth through the Nineteenth Century 99 5. Orphans and Livestock: Nilotic Concepts of Poverty and Wealth through the Nineteenth Century 120 6. Wealth, Poverty, and the Colonial Economy: Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries 144 Conclusion 167 Appendix. Reconstructed Vocabulary 171 Notes 207 Bibliography 254 Index 277

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Book SynopsisVeit Erlmann examines the role of copyright law in post-apartheid South Africa and its impact on the South African music industry, showing how copyright is inextricably entwined with race, popular music, postcolonial governance, indigenous rights, and the struggle to create a more equitable society.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction. “We Do Not Speak the Same Language” 1 1. Aspirations and Apprehensions: Toward an Anthropology in Law 16 2. The Past in the Present: Copyright, Colonialism, and “The Lion Sleeps Tonight” 62 3. Assembling Tradition, Representing Indigeneity: The Making of the Intellectual Property Laws Amendment Act 28 of 2013 109 4. Circulating Evidence: The Truth about Piracy 174 5. Which Collective? The Infrastructure of Royalties 232 Conclusion. How to Speak the Same Language, or at Least Try To 301 Appendix. Southern African Copyright: The Basics 309 Notes 315 Bibliography 345 Index 371

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Book SynopsisMichael Degani explores how electricity and its piracy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, has become a key site for urban Tanzanians to enact, experience, and debate their social contract with the state.Trade Review"As The City Electric so expertly shows, infrastructure then becomes a way to explore the moral economy of provisioning, from the headline grabbing corruption scandals over multi-million dollar contracts to everyday negotiations where people decide by what means, and to what extent, they will bend the rules to gain access to the electricity grid. In Degani’s hands, the channel where electricity sometimes passes and sometimes doesn’t, is an incredibly rich site for analysing movements of power more generally." -- Emily Brownell * Journal of Development Studies *"Degani’s The City Electric is useful not only to energy anthropologists but also to the larger STS community. It is an outcome of meticulous research and uses persuasive English to convey its substance." -- Frank Edward * Technology and Culture *"Degani’s work combines both archival and ethnographic analyses into a coherent and engaging narrative helping us to gain unique perspectives on the everyday life of neoliberalism and the post-socialist state in Tanzania. The book will be of great interest and utility to scholars interested in the critical analyses of contemporary infrastructures and for those interested in the politics of neoliberalism in the Global South more generally." -- Viswanathan Venkataraman * H-Sci-Med-Tech, H-Net Reviews *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction. Ethnography of(f) the Grid 1 1. Emergency Power: A Brief History of the Tanzanian Energy Sector 31 2. The Flickering Torch: Power and Loss after Socialism 71 3. Of Meters and Modals: Patrolling the Grid 109 4. Becoming Infrastructure: Vishoka and Self-Realization 150 Conclusion. The Ingenuity of Infrastructure 187 Notes 207 Works Cited 223 Index 247

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Book SynopsisIn Waste Works, Brenda Chalfin examines Ghana’s planned city of Tema, theorizing about the formative role of waste infrastructure in urban politics and public life. Chalfin argues that at Tema’s midcentury founding, a prime objective of governing authorities was to cultivate self-contained citizens by means of tightly orchestrated domestic infrastructure and centralized control of bodily excrement to both develop and depoliticize the new nation. Comparing infrastructural innovations across the city, Chalfin excavates how Tema residents pursue novel approaches to urban waste and sanitation built on the ruins of the inherited order, profoundly altering the urban public sphere. Once decreed a private matter to be guaranteed by state authorities, excrement becomes a public issue, collectively managed by private persons. Pushing self-care into public space and extending domestic responsibility for public well-being and bodily outputs, popularly devised waste infrastructurTable of ContentsList of Illustrations vii Preface xi Acknowledgments xix Introduction. Infrastructural Intimacies: The Vital Politics of Waste in Urban Ghana 1 1. Assembling the New City: From Infrastructure to Vital Politics 45 2. Tema Proper: Infrastructures and Intimacies of Disrepair 96 3. The Right(s) to Remains: Excremental Infrastructure and Exception in Tema Manhean 133 4. Ziginshore: Infrastructure and the Commonwealth of Waste 181 5. Dwelling on Toilets: Tema's Breakaway Republic of Ashaiman 212 Conclusion. From Vital Politics to Deep Domesticity: Infrastructure as Political Experiment 268 Notes 295 References 315 Index 339

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Book SynopsisMuch of the scholarly debate around the Afropolitanthe image of mobility, cultural production, and consumerism in Africa and the African diasporahas focused on the elitism associated with the concept. Most critiques object to how the ideals of transnationalism and mobility inevitably refer to Western models of leisure and style, and Afropolitanism has rarely been contextualized in global African diaspora histories. This volume of written and photographic essays is one of the first sustained historical treatments of the Afropolitan. Contributors analyze the concept in a variety of contexts: itinerant artisans in fourteenth-century southern Africa, sixteenth-century African diaspora communities in Latin America, West African kingdoms and port cities in the waning decades of the Atlantic slave trade, a hair salon in twenty-first-century Paris, a road trip through Bangladesh. By engaging with the Afropolitan as a historical phenomenon, the authors highlight new methods and theories for ana

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Book SynopsisIn Insignificant Things Matthew Francis Rarey traces the history of the African-associated amulets that enslaved and other marginalized people carried as tools of survival in the Black Atlantic world from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. Often considered visually benign by white Europeans, these amulet pouches, commonly known as “mandingas,” were used across Africa, Brazil, and Portugal and contained myriad objects, from herbs and Islamic prayers to shells and coins. Drawing on Arabic-language narratives from the West African Sahel, the archives of the Portuguese Inquisition, sixteenth- and seventeenth-century European travel and merchant accounts of the West African Coast, and early nineteenth-century Brazilian police records, Rarey shows how mandingas functioned as portable archives of their makers’ experiences of enslavement, displacement, and diaspora. He presents them as examples of the visual culture of enslavement and critical to conceptualizTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction. Significance, Survival, and Silence 1 1. Labels 31 2. Contents 72 3. Markings 124 4. Revolts 171 Epilogue 208 Notes 217 Works Cited 249 Index 275

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Book SynopsisIn Kingdom Come, Tshepo Masango Chéry charts a new genealogy of early twentieth-century Black Christian activists who challenged racism in South Africa before the solidification of apartheid by using faith as a strategy against global racism. Masango Chéry traces this Black freedom struggle and the ways that South African church leaders defied colonial domination by creating, in solidarity with Black Christians worldwide, Black-controlled religious institutions that were geared toward their liberation. She demonstrates how Black Christians positioned the church as a site of political resistance and centered specifically African visions of freedom in their organizing. Drawing on archival research spanning South Africa, Zimbabwe, Kenya, the United Kingdom, and the United States, Masango Chéry tells a global story of the twentieth century that illuminates the formations of racial identity, state control, and religious belief. Masango Chéry’s recentTrade Review“Tshepo Masango Chéry’s Kingdom Come is a fascinating exploration of Christianity as a subversive, anti-imperial force in the twentieth century. With South Africa as generative source, Masango Chéry follows a circuitry of individuals and ideas connecting Africa to the Caribbean and North America, including Ethiopianism, the Garvey movement, and the African Orthodox Church. As such, Kingdom Come is a signal contribution across multiple registers that include African diasporic, South African, Black liberation, and religious studies.” -- Michael A. Gomez, Silver Professor of History, New York University“Tshepo Masango Chéry’s Kingdom Come centers Africa and Africans in an expansive nineteenth- and twentieth-century black internationalist religious movement that laid the groundwork for Bishop Desmond Tutu and Reverend Allan Boesak’s liberationist ‘theologies of refusal’ in the global anti-apartheid struggle. Kingdom Come is a refreshing rejoinder to insular South African histories disconnected from the rest of the African continent, instead centering South Africa in the multidirectional flows of Christian-identified black peoples, foundational religious institutions, and liberationist ideologies to and from southern, and eastern Africa, the United States, and the Caribbean.” -- Robert Trent Vinson, author of * The Americans Are Coming!: Dreams of African American Liberation in Segregationist South Africa *Table of ContentsAbbreviations ixTlhompo/Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Thy Kingdom Come on Earth 1 1. “My Blood Is a Million Stories”: The Making of Coloured Identity 13 2. Faith of Our Fathers: The Ethiopian Movement and African Identities 29 3. In the Name of the Father: The Manye Sisters and Church Formation 54 4. Ministries of Migration: George McGuire, Robert Josias Morgan, and the Transformation of Black Churches in the West Indies and the United States 83 5. Garvey’s God: Racial Uplift and the Creation of the African Orthodox Church 105 6. “We See on the Horizon the Sun of African Orthodoxy”: Church Growth in Southern Africa 122 7. Seeds of Freedom: Growing Orthodoxy and Freedom in East Africa 151 Epilogue: Thy Will Be Done 179 Notes 187 Bibliography 219 Index 239

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Book SynopsisDrawing on fieldwork at an NGO in rural Tanzania, Jenna N. Hanchey explores the how the processes of ruination in Western institutions hold the potential for decolonial renewal.Trade Review“A true work of unlearning for relearning! Erudite, lucid, profound, this book successfully shakes the foundations of Western messianism.” -- Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, Professor and Chair of Epistemologies of the Global South, University of BayreuthTable of ContentsAcknowledgments ix Introduction. The Center Cannot Hold 1 Part I 1. Doctors with(out) Burdens 25 2. All of Us Phantasmic Saviors 58 3. Haunted Reflexivity 88 Part II 4. Water in the Cracks 117 5. Fluid (Re)mapping 141 6. Things Fall Apart 163 Conclusion. Rivulets in the Ruins 185 Notes 195 Bibliography 217 Index 231

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Book SynopsisJill Rosenthal traces the history of how Rwandan migrants in a Tanzanian border district became considered either citizens or refugees as nation-state boundaries solidified in the wake of decolonization.Trade Review“Jill Rosenthal’s detailed history of border making and border crossing reveals both the identification of people with place and its blurring by extensive movement across space. From Migrants to Refugees is a compelling and important contribution to our understanding not only of the cross-border consequences of the Rwandan quagmire but also of the relationship in an unequal world between international organizations, African people, and an African state.” -- Frederick Cooper, author of * Africa since 1940: The Past of the Present *“In this conceptually adventurous, empirically rich, and engagingly written book, Jill Rosenthal brings a new perspective to histories of Tanzanian nationalism and to the comparative study of nationalism in postcolonial Africa. At the same time, she contributes to histories of decolonization, sovereignty, and state making by showing how these questions were worked through in a border region. From Migrants to Refugees moves the field in exciting and innovative ways.” -- Emma Hunter, author of * Political Thought and the Public Sphere in Tanzania: Freedom, Democracy, and Citizenship in the Era of Decolonization *Table of ContentsAbbreviations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 Part I: The Making of Migrants 1. Tracing a Boundary: Cultural Connections and Mandate Separation 23 2. Canalization and Control: Unbounded Migrants 43 3. Developmental Disappointment: Continuities in Late Colonial and Early Independence Ngara 57 Part II: The Making of Refugees 4. Developmental Refugees: The Politics of Rwandan Refugee Settlement in Ngara District, 1959–1969 77 5. Citizens and Refugees: The Politics of Refugee Aid 95 6. Conflicting Sovereignties: Competition at Mwesi Refugee Settlement, 1963–1970 113 Part III: The Making of Citizens 7. Of “Natural” Citizens and “Natural” Illegality: Ujamaa, Magendo, and Naturalization in Ngara District, 1970–1984 139 8. Competition and Backstabbing: The International Response to the Rwandan Refugee Crisis, 1994–1996 158 9. Of Génocidaires and Humanitarians: The Rwandan Refugee Emergency n Ngara District 176 Conclusion: The Business of Nationalism and Humanitarian Aid 193 Notes 205 Bibliography 285 Index 301

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Book SynopsisEnvironments associated with migration are often seen as provisional, lacking both history and architecture. As Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi demonstrates in Architecture of Migration, a refugee camp’s aesthetic and material landscapes—even if born out of emergency—reveal histories, futures, politics, and rhetorics. She identifies forces of colonial and humanitarian settlement, tracing spatial and racial politics in the Dadaab refugee camps established in 1991 on the Kenya-Somalia border—at once a dense setting that manifests decades of architectural, planning, and design initiatives and a much older constructed environment that reflects its own ways of knowing. She moves beyond ahistorical representations of camps and their inhabitants by constructing a material and visual archive of Dadaab, finding long migratory traditions in the architecture, spatial practices, landscapes, and iconography of refugees and humanitarians. Countering conceptualizations of refugeTrade Review“This beautifully written and brilliantly original work elucidates a seemingly irresolvable tension, central to the condition of migrants, between the transience of the refugee category and how refugees’ lives are anchored in hard infrastructures and histories. By tracing the entanglement of aesthetics and politics in the Dadaab refugee camp, Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi ties migration to encampment in a visceral and material way.” -- Miriam Ticktin, author of * Casualties of Care: Immigration and the Politics of Humanitarianism in France *“Architecture of Migration deftly deconstructs humanitarian discourses in architecture, planning, and global crisis management. Its compelling ethnographic research with camp residents and aid workers shares lived experiences within these built-to-be-temporary camps of tents and tarps that have become permanent sprawling urban settlements. Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi’s insightful histories share spatial narratives of lives caught in the wake of colonialism and political, economic, and environmental upheaval. Siddiqi produces an unparalleled study of how neoliberal policies strategically and violently underdevelop spaces for the world’s most vulnerable people.” -- Mabel O. Wilson, Professor of Architecture and Professor of Black Studies, Columbia UniversityTable of ContentsAbbreviations xiii Author’s Note xv Introduction. Architecture and History in a Refugee Camp 1 1. From Partitions 51 2. Land, Emergency, and Sedentarization in East Africa 99 3. Shelter and Domesticity 141 4. An Archive of Humanitarian Settlement 181 5. Design as Infrastructure 249 Afterword. “Poetry Is a Weapon That We Use in Both War and Peace” 305 Acknowledgments 321 Notes 329 Primary Sources 363 References 371 Index 397

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Book SynopsisTasha Rijke-Epstein offers an urban history of the Indian Ocean port city of Mahajanga, Madagascar, showing how the built environment was central to how its residents negotiated imperial encroachment, colonial rule, and global racial capitalism over two centuries.Trade Review“A landmark exploration of the built environment as a medium of social life, a register of history making, and a historical source. Set in a Malagasy city of migrants and stretching from the eighteenth century to the present, Tasha Rijke-Epstein’s Children of the Soil resets the agenda for writing about the politics of mobility and belonging.” -- David L. Schoenbrun, author of * The Names of the Python: Belonging in East Africa, 900 to 1930 *“A lucid and engaging history of the materiality of placemaking and belonging. This book charts decisively new, exceptionally rich terrain for urban studies and ethnographically informed architectural history.” -- Laura Fair, author of * Reel Pleasures: Cinema Audiences and Entrepreneurs in Twentieth-Century Urban Tanzania *Table of ContentsNote on Toponyms ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Material Histories 1 I. Building Power 1. Casting the Land: Architectural Tactics and the Politics of Durability 27 2. Vibrant Matters: The Rova and More-Than-Human Forces 54 II. Anticipatory Landscapes 3. Storied Refusals: Labor and Laden Absences 87 4. Sedimentary Bonds: Treasured Mosques and Everyday Expertise 123 III. Residual Lives and Afterlives 5. Garnered Presences: Constructing and Belonging in the Zanatany City 161 6. Violent Remnants: Infrastructures of Possibility and Peril 195 Epilogue: Unfinished Histories 225 Notes 241 Bibliography 293 Index 339

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Book SynopsisElizabeth W. Williams traces the genealogy of a narrative about the primitive normativity of African sexuality that British colonial authorities in Kenya used to justify their control over African populations.Trade Review“Elizabeth W. Williams brings fresh insights from queer theory and Black feminist theory to the study of settler colonialism in East Africa. Through analyzing an expansive set of textual sources, she helpfully introduces discourses of sexual normativity and deviance as key to understanding colonial processes of racial formation and ongoing politics in the region.” -- Lynn M. Thomas, author of * Politics of the Womb: Women, Reproduction, and the State in Kenya *“Primitive Normativity is a brilliant synthesis of queer theory, colonial history, and African studies. For Elizabeth W. Williams, the ‘strange settler space’ of Kenya depended upon a view of Africans as temporally backward and therefore safe from the dangers of sexually deviant, ‘over-civilized’ Europeans. Nimbly tracing discourses from the colonial archive, Williams offers an assessment of colonial sexuality and power that is as witty as it is incisive and compelling.” -- T. J. Tallie, author of * Queering Colonial Natal: Indigeneity and the Violence of Belonging in Southern Africa *Table of ContentsAbbreviations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Primitive Normativity 1 1. The Intellectual Roots of Primitive Normativity 24 2. Sleeping Dictionaries and Mobile Metropoles: Female (A)Sexuality in the Silberrad Scandal of 1908 42 3. “Stoop Low to Conquer”: Primitive Normativity and Trusteeship in the Kenyan “Indian Crisis” of 1923 69 4. White Peril: Rape, Race, and Contamination 92 5. Queering Settler Romance: The Reparative Eugenic Landscape in Nora Strange’s Kenyan Novels 117 6. Eating the Other: Erotic Consumption in Anti-Mau Mau Discourse 139 Conclusion 163 Notes 169 Bibliography 211 Index 223

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Book SynopsisIn From Migrants to Refugees Jill Rosenthal tells the history of how Rwandan migrants in a Tanzanian border district became considered either citizens or refugees as nation-state boundaries solidified in the wake of decolonization. Outlining the process by which people who have long lived and circulated across the Rwanda-Tanzania border came to have a national identity, Rosenthal reveals humanitarian aid’s central role in the ideological processes of decolonization and nation building. From precolonial histories to the first Rwandan refugee camps during decolonization in the 1960s to the massive refugee camps in the 1990s, Rosenthal highlights the way that this area became a testing ground for novel forms of transnational aid to refugees that had global implications. As local and national actors, refugees, and international officials all attempted to control the lives and futures of refugee groups, they contested the authority of the nation-state and the international refuTrade Review“Jill Rosenthal’s detailed history of border making and border crossing reveals both the identification of people with place and its blurring by extensive movement across space. From Migrants to Refugees is a compelling and important contribution to our understanding not only of the cross-border consequences of the Rwandan quagmire but also of the relationship in an unequal world between international organizations, African people, and an African state.” -- Frederick Cooper, author of * Africa since 1940: The Past of the Present *“In this conceptually adventurous, empirically rich, and engagingly written book, Jill Rosenthal brings a new perspective to histories of Tanzanian nationalism and to the comparative study of nationalism in postcolonial Africa. At the same time, she contributes to histories of decolonization, sovereignty, and state making by showing how these questions were worked through in a border region. From Migrants to Refugees moves the field in exciting and innovative ways.” -- Emma Hunter, author of * Political Thought and the Public Sphere in Tanzania: Freedom, Democracy, and Citizenship in the Era of Decolonization *Table of ContentsAbbreviations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 Part I: The Making of Migrants 1. Tracing a Boundary: Cultural Connections and Mandate Separation 23 2. Canalization and Control: Unbounded Migrants 43 3. Developmental Disappointment: Continuities in Late Colonial and Early Independence Ngara 57 Part II: The Making of Refugees 4. Developmental Refugees: The Politics of Rwandan Refugee Settlement in Ngara District, 1959–1969 77 5. Citizens and Refugees: The Politics of Refugee Aid 95 6. Conflicting Sovereignties: Competition at Mwesi Refugee Settlement, 1963–1970 113 Part III: The Making of Citizens 7. Of “Natural” Citizens and “Natural” Illegality: Ujamaa, Magendo, and Naturalization in Ngara District, 1970–1984 139 8. Competition and Backstabbing: The International Response to the Rwandan Refugee Crisis, 1994–1996 158 9. Of Génocidaires and Humanitarians: The Rwandan Refugee Emergency n Ngara District 176 Conclusion: The Business of Nationalism and Humanitarian Aid 193 Notes 205 Bibliography 285 Index 301

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Book SynopsisIn Children of the Soil, Tasha Rijke-Epstein offers an urban history of the port city of Mahajanga, Madagascar, before, during, and after colonization. Drawing on archival and ethnographic evidence, she weaves together the lives and afterlives of built spaces to show how city residents negotiated imperial encroachment, colonial rule, and global racial capitalism over two centuries. From Mahajanga’s hilltop palace to the alluvial depths of its cesspools, the city’s spaces were domains for ideological debates between rulers and subjects, French colonizers and indigenous Malagasy peoples, and Comorian migrants and Indian traders. In these spaces, Mahajanga’s residents expressed competing moral theories about power over people and the land. The built world was also where varying populations reckoned with human, ancestral, and ecological pasts and laid present and future claims to urban belonging. Migrants from nearby Comoros harnessed built forms as anticipatory deTrade Review“A landmark exploration of the built environment as a medium of social life, a register of history making, and a historical source. Set in a Malagasy city of migrants and stretching from the eighteenth century to the present, Tasha Rijke-Epstein’s Children of the Soil resets the agenda for writing about the politics of mobility and belonging.” -- David L. Schoenbrun, author of * The Names of the Python: Belonging in East Africa, 900 to 1930 *“A lucid and engaging history of the materiality of placemaking and belonging. This book charts decisively new, exceptionally rich terrain for urban studies and ethnographically informed architectural history.” -- Laura Fair, author of * Reel Pleasures: Cinema Audiences and Entrepreneurs in Twentieth-Century Urban Tanzania *Table of ContentsNote on Toponyms ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Material Histories 1 I. Building Power 1. Casting the Land: Architectural Tactics and the Politics of Durability 27 2. Vibrant Matters: The Rova and More-Than-Human Forces 54 II. Anticipatory Landscapes 3. Storied Refusals: Labor and Laden Absences 87 4. Sedimentary Bonds: Treasured Mosques and Everyday Expertise 123 III. Residual Lives and Afterlives 5. Garnered Presences: Constructing and Belonging in the Zanatany City 161 6. Violent Remnants: Infrastructures of Possibility and Peril 195 Epilogue: Unfinished Histories 225 Notes 241 Bibliography 293 Index 339

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Book SynopsisElizabeth W. Williams traces the genealogy of a narrative about the primitive normativity of African sexuality that British colonial authorities in Kenya used to justify their control over African populations.Trade Review“Elizabeth W. Williams brings fresh insights from queer theory and Black feminist theory to the study of settler colonialism in East Africa. Through analyzing an expansive set of textual sources, she helpfully introduces discourses of sexual normativity and deviance as key to understanding colonial processes of racial formation and ongoing politics in the region.” -- Lynn M. Thomas, author of * Politics of the Womb: Women, Reproduction, and the State in Kenya *“Primitive Normativity is a brilliant synthesis of queer theory, colonial history, and African studies. For Elizabeth W. Williams, the ‘strange settler space’ of Kenya depended upon a view of Africans as temporally backward and therefore safe from the dangers of sexually deviant, ‘over-civilized’ Europeans. Nimbly tracing discourses from the colonial archive, Williams offers an assessment of colonial sexuality and power that is as witty as it is incisive and compelling.” -- T. J. Tallie, author of * Queering Colonial Natal: Indigeneity and the Violence of Belonging in Southern Africa *Table of ContentsAbbreviations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: Primitive Normativity 1 1. The Intellectual Roots of Primitive Normativity 24 2. Sleeping Dictionaries and Mobile Metropoles: Female (A)Sexuality in the Silberrad Scandal of 1908 42 3. “Stoop Low to Conquer”: Primitive Normativity and Trusteeship in the Kenyan “Indian Crisis” of 1923 69 4. White Peril: Rape, Race, and Contamination 92 5. Queering Settler Romance: The Reparative Eugenic Landscape in Nora Strange’s Kenyan Novels 117 6. Eating the Other: Erotic Consumption in Anti-Mau Mau Discourse 139 Conclusion 163 Notes 169 Bibliography 211 Index 223

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Book SynopsisPsychiatric Contours investigates new histories of psychiatry, derangement, and agitated subjectivities in colonial and decolonizing Africa. The volume lets the multivalent term madness broaden perception, well beyond the psychiatric. Many chapters detect the mad or the psychiatric in unhinged persons, frantic collectives, and distressing situations. Others investigate individuals suffering from miscategorization. A key Foucauldian word, vivacity, illuminates how madness aligns with pathology, creativity, turbulence, and psychopolitics. The archives, patient-authored or not, speak to furies and fantasies inside asylums, colonial institutions, decolonizing missions, and slave ships. The frayed edges of politicized deliria open up the senses and optics of psychiatry’s history in Africa far beyond clinical spaces and classification. The volume also proposes fresh concepts, notably the vernacular, to suggest how to work with emic clues in a granular fashion and t

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Book SynopsisIn Apartheid Remains, Sharad Chari explores how people handle the remains of segregation and apartheid in South Africa as witnessed through portals in an industrial-residential landscape in the Indian Ocean city of Durban. Through long-term historical and ethnographic research, Chari portrays South Africa’s twentieth century as a palimpsest that conserves the remains of multiple pasts, including attempts by the racial state to remake territory and personhood while instead deepening spatial contradictions and struggles. When South Durban’s denizens collectively mobilized in various ways---through Black Consciousness politics and other attempts at refusing the ruinous articulation of biopolitics, sovereignty, and capital---submerged traditions of the Indian Ocean and the Black Atlantic offered them powerful resources. Of these, Chari reads Black documentary photography as particularly insightful audiovisual blues critique. At the tense interface of Marxism, feminism, a

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Book SynopsisA Primer for Teaching Indian Ocean World History is a guide for college and high school educators who are teaching Indian Ocean histories for the first time or who want to reinvigorate their courses. It can also serve those who are training future teachers to prepare their own syllabi, as well as those who want to incorporate Indian Ocean histories into their world history courses. Edward A. Alpers and Thomas F. McDow offer course design principles that will help students navigate topics ranging from empire, geography, slavery, and trade to mobility, disease, and the environment. In addition to exploring non-European sources and diverse historical methodologies, they discuss classroom pedagogy and provide curriculum possibilities that will help instructors at any level enrich and deepen standard approaches to world history. Alpers and McDow draw readers into strategically designing courses that will challenge students to think critically about a vast area with which many of them

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Book SynopsisPsychiatric Contours investigates new histories of psychiatry, derangement, and agitated subjectivities in colonial and decolonizing Africa. The volume lets the multivalent term madness broaden perception, well beyond the psychiatric. Many chapters detect the mad or the psychiatric in unhinged persons, frantic collectives, and distressing situations. Others investigate individuals suffering from miscategorization. A key Foucauldian word, vivacity, illuminates how madness aligns with pathology, creativity, turbulence, and psychopolitics. The archives, patient-authored or not, speak to furies and fantasies inside asylums, colonial institutions, decolonizing missions, and slave ships. The frayed edges of politicized deliria open up the senses and optics of psychiatry’s history in Africa far beyond clinical spaces and classification. The volume also proposes fresh concepts, notably the vernacular, to suggest how to work with emic clues in a granular fashion and t

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Book SynopsisUncovers the influence of Yoruba culture on women's religious lives and leadership in religions practiced by Yoruba people Women in Yoruba Religions examines the profound influence of Yoruba culture in Yoruba religion, Christianity, Islam, and Afro-Diasporic religions such as Santeria and Candomblé, placing gender relations in historical and social contexts. While the coming of Christianity and Islam to Yorubaland has posed significant challenges to Yoruba gender relations by propagating patriarchal gender roles, the resources within Yoruba culture have enabled women to contest the full acceptance of those new norms. Oyeronke Olademo asserts that Yoruba women attain and wield agency in family and society through their economic and religious roles, and Yoruba operate within a system of gender balance, so that neither of the sexes can be subsumed in the other. Olademo utilizes historical and phenomenological methods, incorporating impressive datTrade ReviewSignificantly captures the relevance of Yoruba women involved in not only the religious activities but also the political and socio-economic dynamics of their communities. Without any doubts whatsoever, this book will greatly contribute to its primary field of religion and associated fields of history, African studies, sociology, and anthropology. -- Ibigbolade Aderibigbe, University of GeorgiaFeaturing impressive ethnographic material, Women in Yoruba Religions illustrates how Yoruba women brought their active agency into Christianity, Islam, and contemporary forms of traditional religion. -- Mei Mei Sanford, the College of William and MaryBeautifully illustrates how women have—and have always had—a significant role in Yoruba culture and religion, both in its continental and diasporic manifestations. -- Funlayo E. Wood-Menzies, African and Diasporic Religious Studies AssociationA major introductory text to anybody interested in Yoruba women and their role in the people’s religious belief systems. The scholarship of the book is of top quality, providing a comprehensive, holistic sense of the role of women in the Yoruba religious sphere. -- Akintunde Akinyemi, Professor of Yoruba and Chair of Department, University of FloridaOládémo notes the tremendous agency of women in Yoruba religion, and she shows the considerable impact they have—impact, she argues, tied to such variables as the economy. The author also examines the forces that shaped women's various roles—colonialism, capitalism, and globalization—highlighting major historical phases. -- T. O. Falola, University of Texas * CHOICE *Professor Oyeronke Olademo has indeed brought her wealth of knowledge and experience to bear in writing this book…[T]his book will be of great value to students and scholars of Comparative religious studies, lovers of comparative religion and anyone interested in the role of women in the development of religion and in this regard. I recommend the book to all and sundry. -- Babatunji Abayomi Omotara * Nigerian Tribune *The book... concludes that Yoruba women have always made a way for themselves in spite of challenges of male domination in the religious space, and in spite of globalization and modernity, women have continued to evolve and play even increasing roles as Yoruba religion is being practiced abroad and also foreign religions are been practiced in Yorubaland. * Indigenous Religious Traditions *

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Book SynopsisUncovers the influence of Yoruba culture on women's religious lives and leadership in religions practiced by Yoruba people Women in Yoruba Religions examines the profound influence of Yoruba culture in Yoruba religion, Christianity, Islam, and Afro-Diasporic religions such as Santeria and Candomblé, placing gender relations in historical and social contexts. While the coming of Christianity and Islam to Yorubaland has posed significant challenges to Yoruba gender relations by propagating patriarchal gender roles, the resources within Yoruba culture have enabled women to contest the full acceptance of those new norms. Oyeronke Olademo asserts that Yoruba women attain and wield agency in family and society through their economic and religious roles, and Yoruba operate within a system of gender balance, so that neither of the sexes can be subsumed in the other. Olademo utilizes historical and phenomenological methods, incorporating impressive datTrade ReviewSignificantly captures the relevance of Yoruba women involved in not only the religious activities but also the political and socio-economic dynamics of their communities. Without any doubts whatsoever, this book will greatly contribute to its primary field of religion and associated fields of history, African studies, sociology, and anthropology. -- Ibigbolade Aderibigbe, University of GeorgiaFeaturing impressive ethnographic material, Women in Yoruba Religions illustrates how Yoruba women brought their active agency into Christianity, Islam, and contemporary forms of traditional religion. -- Mei Mei Sanford, the College of William and MaryBeautifully illustrates how women have—and have always had—a significant role in Yoruba culture and religion, both in its continental and diasporic manifestations. -- Funlayo E. Wood-Menzies, African and Diasporic Religious Studies AssociationA major introductory text to anybody interested in Yoruba women and their role in the people’s religious belief systems. The scholarship of the book is of top quality, providing a comprehensive, holistic sense of the role of women in the Yoruba religious sphere. -- Akintunde Akinyemi, Professor of Yoruba and Chair of Department, University of FloridaOládémo notes the tremendous agency of women in Yoruba religion, and she shows the considerable impact they have—impact, she argues, tied to such variables as the economy. The author also examines the forces that shaped women's various roles—colonialism, capitalism, and globalization—highlighting major historical phases. -- T. O. Falola, University of Texas * CHOICE *Professor Oyeronke Olademo has indeed brought her wealth of knowledge and experience to bear in writing this book…[T]his book will be of great value to students and scholars of Comparative religious studies, lovers of comparative religion and anyone interested in the role of women in the development of religion and in this regard. I recommend the book to all and sundry. -- Babatunji Abayomi Omotara * Nigerian Tribune *The book... concludes that Yoruba women have always made a way for themselves in spite of challenges of male domination in the religious space, and in spite of globalization and modernity, women have continued to evolve and play even increasing roles as Yoruba religion is being practiced abroad and also foreign religions are been practiced in Yorubaland. * Indigenous Religious Traditions *

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Book SynopsisA Missionary Nation focuses on Spain's crusade to resurrect its empire, beginning with the War of Africa.Trade Review“A detailed and archivally rich perspective on the ideas that shaped mid- to late nineteenth-century Spanish attitudes toward its empire. . . . Eastman both builds on and works to insert Spanish historiography into broader critical histories of European imperialism.”—Joshua Goode, author of Impurity of Blood: Defining Race in Spain, 1870–1930 “A Missionary Nation closes an important gap in the scholarly literature that usually focuses only on the British and French empires. It is impeccably documented and the result of years of research on both sides of the Atlantic. Not only should it appeal to those interested in Spanish history, but it should be of relevance to anyone studying the dynamics of European expansion during the nineteenth century.”—David Stenner, author of Globalizing Morocco: Transnational Activism and the Postcolonial StateTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction 1. “The War of Africa Has Been the Dream of My Entire Political Life” 2. They “Were Calling Us Their Liberators”: The Taking of Tetuán 3. The Visual Culture of Mid-Nineteenth-Century Spanish Imperialism 4. Order, Progress, and Civilization: The Annexation of the Dominican Republic 5. Anatomy of an Uprising: Race War and Dominican Independence 6. Death to Spain!: Mexican Views of Spanish Intervention 7. The Traveling Society of La Exploradora: Imperial Enterprises in the Río Muni Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisExplores the possibility of art as therapeutic, capable of implementation by mental health practitioners crafting mental health policy in Rwanda. This anthology of scholarly, personal, and hybrid essays was inspired by scholar and activist Chantal Kalisa (1965-2015).Trade Review“I recommend that everyone read this fascinating book. In remembering professor Chantal Kalisa, the contributors of Art from Trauma bring hope for the future to victims coping with traumatic experiences of extreme violence or genocide. Providing victims a platform for sharing memories and experiences is one way of mourning and may lead to healing.”—Edouard Kayihura, author of Inside the Hotel Rwanda: The Surprising True Story and Why It Matters Today “This astute biographical, methodological, and theoretical book presents Chantal Kalisa as a figure both of history and of memory—of history in relating her life to her career in order to highlight compelling narratives on scholarship, activism, and responsibility; and of memory in extending her powerful interpretive works into other forays. . . . The hatred and violence that Kalisa observed in francophone Africa is replaced in this significant book with hope, along with the enduring capacity to reimagine a better future.”—Toyin Falola, Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker Chair in the Humanities at the University of Texas at Austin“Art from Trauma is an expansive narrative about violence and trauma as well as a courageous and insightful inquiry into various forms of traumatic events and the healing power of different forms of art. Featuring scholars from various and multidisciplinary perspectives, it is also a work of memory and mourning that challenges the unspeakable through the power of language and art in the aftermath of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda.”—Aimable Twagilimana, professor of English and Fulbright Scholar, SUNY Buffalo State“A deeply rich and inspiring volume, this book offers a worthy tribute to Chantal Kalisa’s important work and responds to the pressing need for creativity in the processes of remembrance, justice, and reconciliation in Rwanda and beyond.”—Catherine Gilbert, author of From Surviving to Living: Voice, Trauma, and Witness in Rwandan Women’s WritingTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Foreword, by Patricia A. Simpson Acknowledgments Introduction, by Rangira Béa Gallimore and Gerise Herndon Part I. In Memoriam: Lessons Learned from Chantal Kalisa 1. Baby Steps Margaret Jacobs 2. Speaking Nearby Genocide Gerise Herndon 3. Chantal’s Voice: A Guiding Light Natalia Ledford 4. Bittersweet Realities: Field Research, Human Rights, and Questioning Intentions Laura Roost and Ryan Lowry, with Patrice McMahon 5. Memory, Language, and Healing Isabel Velázquez Part II. Performing Arts and Healing from the Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda 6. Theater and the Rwandan Genocide Chantal Kalisa 7. Ingoma Nshya: Forbidden Fruit Brings Healing and Empowerment to Rwandan Female Drummers Rangira Béa Gallimore Part III. Visualizing Violence, Silence, and Trauma 8. The Films of Kivu Ruhorahoza: Staging a New Sense of Direction? Odile Cazenave and Patricia-Pia Célérier 9. Héla Ammar: Art and Beyond Anna Rocca 10. Filming with Orphans of the Genocide: A Transformative Dialogue through a Double-Lens Approach Alexandre Dauge-Roth 11. Art for Teaching and Art for Surviving: From the Holocaust to Healing Eileen M. Angelini and Heather E. Connell Part IV. Narrating Atrocities and Dealing with Trauma 12. Gender-Based Violence in Monique Ilboudo’s Fiction Nicki Hitchcott 13. Narrating Itsembabwoko and the Quest for Empathy Josias Semujanga 14. “Lay Down Body, Lay Down”: Mitigating Transgenerational Trauma through Spirituality in Jewell Parker Rhodes’s Magic City Kalenda Eaton Part V. Scripting Self and Healing in Women’s Narratives 15. Womenʼs Friendship in Exile: Healing in the Epistolary Correspondence between Zenobia Camprubí and Pilar de Zubiaurre Iker González-Allende 16. Preserving Memories, Celebrating Lives: War, Motherhood, and Grief in Scholastique Mukasonga’s La femme aux pieds nus Marzia Caporale List of Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisSituated at the crossroads of queer theory and postcolonial studies, Hybrid Anxieties analyzes the intertwined and composite aspects of identities and textual forms in the wake of the French-Algerian War (1954–1962). C. L. Quinan argues that the war precipitated a dynamic in which a contestation of hegemonic masculinity occurred alongside a production of queer modes of subjectivity, embodiment, and memory that subvert norms. Innovations in literature and cinema were also directly impacted by the long and difficult process of decolonization, as the war provoked a rethinking of politics and aesthetics. The novels, films, and poetry analyzed in Hybrid Anxieties trace this imbrication of content and form, demonstrating how a postwar fracturing had both salutary and injurious effects, not only on bodies and psyches but also on artistic forms. Adopting a queer postcolonial perspective, Hybrid Anxieties adds a new impulse to the question of how to rethinTrade Review“In this fascinating study Quinan analyzes fictions that plumb anxieties about hybridity—racial, sexual, gendered, and national—in the wake of the French-Algerian war. Hybrid Anxieties offers a brilliant and much-needed synthesis of queer theory, postcolonial studies, and deconstruction in a French and Algerian context.”—Kadji Amin, author of Disturbing Attachments: Genet, Modern Pederasty, and Queer History“Hybrid Anxieties maps out and unpacks an important and timely topic, timely in terms of popular and political discussion but also in terms of scholarly debates about the queer, the postcolonial, and their intersections and about the histories of post-decolonization France. Quinan writes clearly and with style and makes claims incisively and convincingly.”—Todd Shepard, author of Sex, France, and Arab Men, 1962–1979“The novelty of Hybrid Anxieties lies in its choice of sources, none of which are completely Maghrebian; rather, they might be situated at the place of the colonial encounter itself, in a sort of in-between à la Homi K. Bhabha. Given that Bhabha’s ‘in-between’ is inextricably linked to his conceptualization of ‘hybridity,’ I think that Quinan’s inclusion of this latter concept as one of the book’s key theoretical notions offers a unique opportunity to tease out possible connection between hybridity and queerness.”—Jarrod Hayes, author of Queer Roots for the Diaspora: Ghosts in the Family TreeTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: Framing Queer Postcolonial Interventions after the War Part 1: Masculinity and Memory 1. Haunted Masculinity and the Wounds of War: Alain Resnais’s Muriel and Laurent Mauvignier’s The Wound 2. “You’ll Never Give Me a Bad Conscience!”: Masculinity and Postcolonial Guilt in Caché Part 2: Queering Postcolonial Legacies 3. Eros and Eden: Pierre Guyotat and Queer Pleasures 4. Queer Palimpsests and October 17, 1961: Memory Politics in Leïla Sebbar’s The Seine Was Red 5. Queering Identity, Embracing In-Betweenness: Disidentification and Re-membering in Nina Bouraoui’s Tomboy Conclusion: Queer Postcolonial Entanglements Notes Bibliography Index

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Book Synopsis The New White Race traces the development of the press in Algeria between 1860 and 1914, examining the particular role of journalists in shaping the power dynamics of settler colonialism. Constrained in different ways by the limitations imposed on free expression in a colonial context, diverse groups of European settlers, Algerian Muslims, and Algerian Jews nevertheless turned to the press to articulate their hopes and fears for the future of the land they inhabited and to imagine forms of community whichwould continue to influence political debates until the Algerian War. The frontiers of these imagined communities did not necessarily correlate with those of the nation—either French or Algerian—but framed processes of identification that were at once local, national, and transnational.The New White Race explores these processes of cultural and political identification, highlighting the production practices, professional networks, and strategiTrade Review"Legg's fresh, cogent, nuanced reading of race, language, and issues around women and anti-Semitism as expressed in the press makes this a useful reference for a number of disciplines, including history, literature, and cultural or ethnic studies."—H. Bahri, Choice“Legg’s book opens new directions for research. She reinvigorates approaches to using journalistic publications as the primary source base by bringing them to bear on the generative contact zone between ‘imperial turn’ and transnational historiographies. Legg’s expansive research is particularly compelling because of the multilingual source base on which she draws.”—Todd Shepard, coeditor of French Mediterraneans: Transnational and Imperial Histories“Engaging and important. One of this book’s real strengths is the consistent attention to and analysis of questions of race and gender, which are embedded throughout the discussion rather than confined to particular chapters or segments. [Legg] also skillfully highlights the diversity within each of these ‘marginal’ groups, which complements the attention paid to the heterogeneous nature of settler populations.”—Claire Eldridge, author of From Empire to Exile: History and Memory within the Pied-Noir and Harki Communities, 1962–2012Table of ContentsList of Figures Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The New White Race: Journalism and Civilization in French Algeria 2. The Settler Colonial Family Romance: Political Imaginaries under the Second Empire and the Third Republic 3. Foreigners into Frenchmen?: The Press and the Algerian Antijuif Movement 4. Pages without Borders: Local Publications in Global Networks 5. Algerians of Any Nationality: Articulating Communities in Multilingual Publications Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisHoarding Memory analyzes the work of Algerian-born French creators, positioning hoarding as a theoretical framework to examine the productive and destructive nature of clinging to memory through their respective modes of expression. Trade Review"Hubbell’s scholarship, at once deeply personal and universal, will interest students and researchers in memory and postcolonial studies, history, and migration studies, also triggering introspection in anyone with a family experience of uprootedness and migration, whether forced or not."—Hélène B. Ducros, EuropeNow“For scholars of Algerian history, literature, and ethnography, this work makes an important contribution to ongoing debates concerning the sociopolitical and historical challenges in the relationship that France and Algeria continue to endure.”—Valérie K. Orlando, author of The Algerian New Novel: The Poetics of a Modern Nation, 1950–1979“Hoarding Memory brings together literary and cinematic works, historical texts, artistic creations, and personal testimony in a convincing study. The combination of practical information and more literary and philosophical analyses provides a balanced perspective on the compelling questions of trauma and memory examined in this text.”—Alison Rice, author of Time Signatures: Contextualizing Contemporary Francophone Autobiographical Writings from the MaghrebTable of ContentsAcknowledgments. Preface. Chapter 1 Introduction: Too Much Memory and the Algerian War Chapter 2 Marie Cardinal: Gleaning, Collecting and Hoarding the Lost Homeland. Chapter 3 Leïla Sebbar: Churning Memory Debris. Chapter 4 Benjamin Stora: Gangrene and the Memory of the Algerian War 100 Chapter 5 Hoarding Visual Debris from the War Index Works Cited

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Book SynopsisEmpire and Catastrophe examines natural and anthropogenic disasters during the years of decolonization in Algeria, Morocco, and France and explores how environmental catastrophes both shaped and were shaped by struggles over the dissolution of France’s empire in North Africa. Four disasters make up the core of the book: the 1954 earthquake in Algeria’s Chélif Valley, just weeks before the onset of the Algerian Revolution; a mass poisoning in Morocco in 1959 caused by toxic substances from an American military base; the 1959 Malpasset Dam collapse in Fréjus, France, which devastated the town’s Algerian immigrant community but which was blamed on Algerian sabotage; and the 1960 earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, which set off a public relations war between the United States, France, and the Soviet Union and which ignited a Moroccan national debate over modernity, identity, architecture, and urban planning. Interrogating distinctions between Trade Review"With a detailed view of debates about reconstruction, architecture, and urban planning, Segalla discusses the continuing effects of colonialism and decolonization on contemporary patterns of environmental modification and utilization and examines the role of disasters in enhancing the centralized power and hegemonic objectives of authoritarian states. His outstanding research is also noteworthy for its illuminating use of literary materials and memoirs in the reconstruction of lived experiences."—B. Tavakolian, Choice"This work is a unique take on the major events of revolution and the creation of the post‐colonial world in North Africa. While grounded in archival work, it takes flight in the literary analysis of contemporary sources that touch on the events. As such it is a fascinating read."—Gregory H. Maddox, H-Africa“Richly sourced and persuasively argued, Empire and Catastrophe weaves together metropolitan and imperial narratives. . . . The book’s intellectual rigor is matched only by the clarity of its prose.”—Christopher M. Church, author of Paradise Destroyed: Catastrophe and Citizenship in the French Caribbean“Similar to Edward Simpson’s Political Biography of an Earthquake: Aftermath and Amnesia in Gujarat, India, Spencer Segalla’s brilliant book offers an innovative fusion of political, cultural, and environmental history to examine decolonization and the creation of postcolonial Algeria, Morocco, and France.”—Michael G. Vann, author of The Great Hanoi Rat Hunt: Empire, Disease, and Modernity in French Colonial Vietnam“Engagingly written and richly sourced, Empire and Catastrophe is an important contribution to our understanding of the broader ecosystem of empire. Looking at a series of local disasters across the space of French imperialism, Segalla evokes the ways catastrophe and decolonization shaped, and continue to shape, each other.”—Brock Cutler, author of Ecologies of Imperialism in Algeria Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Algeria, 1954 Chapter 3. Fréjus 1959, under Water and at War Chapter 4. Poison, Paralysis, and the United States in Morocco, 1959 Chapter 5. Death, Diplomacy, and Reconstruction in Agadir, 1960 Chapter 6. The Soul of a City Chapter 7. Rupture, Nostalgia, and Representation Chapter 8. Conclusion: Humanity and Environment Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisSituated at the crossroads of queer theory and postcolonial studies, Hybrid Anxieties analyzes the intertwined and composite aspects of identities and textual forms in the wake of the French-Algerian War (1954–1962). C. L. Quinan argues that the war precipitated a dynamic in which a contestation of hegemonic masculinity occurred alongside a production of queer modes of subjectivity, embodiment, and memory that subvert norms. Innovations in literature and cinema were also directly impacted by the long and difficult process of decolonization, as the war provoked a rethinking of politics and aesthetics. The novels, films, and poetry analyzed in Hybrid Anxieties trace this imbrication of content and form, demonstrating how a postwar fracturing had both salutary and injurious effects, not only on bodies and psyches but also on artistic forms. Adopting a queer postcolonial perspective, Hybrid Anxieties adds a new impulse to the question of how to rethinTrade Review“In this fascinating study Quinan analyzes fictions that plumb anxieties about hybridity—racial, sexual, gendered, and national—in the wake of the French-Algerian war. Hybrid Anxieties offers a brilliant and much-needed synthesis of queer theory, postcolonial studies, and deconstruction in a French and Algerian context.”—Kadji Amin, author of Disturbing Attachments: Genet, Modern Pederasty, and Queer History“Hybrid Anxieties maps out and unpacks an important and timely topic, timely in terms of popular and political discussion but also in terms of scholarly debates about the queer, the postcolonial, and their intersections and about the histories of post-decolonization France. Quinan writes clearly and with style and makes claims incisively and convincingly.”—Todd Shepard, author of Sex, France, and Arab Men, 1962–1979“The novelty of Hybrid Anxieties lies in its choice of sources, none of which are completely Maghrebian; rather, they might be situated at the place of the colonial encounter itself, in a sort of in-between à la Homi K. Bhabha. Given that Bhabha’s ‘in-between’ is inextricably linked to his conceptualization of ‘hybridity,’ I think that Quinan’s inclusion of this latter concept as one of the book’s key theoretical notions offers a unique opportunity to tease out possible connection between hybridity and queerness.”—Jarrod Hayes, author of Queer Roots for the Diaspora: Ghosts in the Family TreeTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction: Framing Queer Postcolonial Interventions after the War Part 1: Masculinity and Memory 1. Haunted Masculinity and the Wounds of War: Alain Resnais’s Muriel and Laurent Mauvignier’s The Wound 2. “You’ll Never Give Me a Bad Conscience!”: Masculinity and Postcolonial Guilt in Caché Part 2: Queering Postcolonial Legacies 3. Eros and Eden: Pierre Guyotat and Queer Pleasures 4. Queer Palimpsests and October 17, 1961: Memory Politics in Leïla Sebbar’s The Seine Was Red 5. Queering Identity, Embracing In-Betweenness: Disidentification and Re-membering in Nina Bouraoui’s Tomboy Conclusion: Queer Postcolonial Entanglements Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisThe Black Populations of France is a study of Black peoples and their history in France and the French Empire during the modern era, from the eighteenth century to the present. The contributors to this collection explore three main axes.The first addresses circulations—the ways Black populations have moved through the spaces of metropolitan France and the empire—and focuses on the actors themselves and the margins of maneuver available to them, particularly as soldiers, sailors, immigrants, or political militants. The second considers legacies and the ways the past has informed the present, addressing themes such as the memory of slavery, the histories of Black women and gender, and the historical influence of African Americans on Blacks in France. The final axis considers racial policy and the ways the state has shaped racial discourses through the interactions between state policies and ideas of race developed by individuals, organizations, and communities.The BTrade Review“A needed expansion and corrective to the history of France, whose long-standing and diverse Black populations remain insufficiently explored. The originality of this book also resides in its geographical reach, as it extends beyond the metropole to a vast overseas territorial divide. . . . At the same time [it elucidates] the temporal fluidity of race and Blackness in these geographies, which contradict and complicate France’s cherished ideals of universalism and citizenship.”—Trica Keaton, coeditor of Black France / France Noire: The History and Politics of BlacknessTable of ContentsIntroduction: The Black Populations of France: An Historical Mosaic Sylvain Pattieu, Emmanuelle Sibeud, Tyler Stovall Colonial France in Africa 1. The Inopportune Citizenship of the Inhabitants of Sainte-Marie de Madagascar (1907-1949): An Imperial Contradiction? Emmanuelle Sibeud, 2. Colonial Misappropriations of Trans-Saharan Legacies: Abid al-Bukhari andTirailleurs Sénégalais in Imperial and Colonial Morocco Sarah Zimmerman 3. Returning from France after World War II: African Soldiers and the Reshaping of Colonial and Racial Categories in French West Africa Ruth Ginio Blacks in Metropolitan France 4. Black Families in France (18th-19th Centuries): Some Cases Pierre H. Boulle 5. By Land or by Sea: “Marins Indigènes” and Maritime Economies of Race and Labor Minayo Nasiali 6. “A Woman Like Any Other:” The Intimacy of Dislocation in Early Twentieth Century Paris and Rufisque Jennifer Boittin 7. BUMIDOM (Bureau pour le développement des migrations dans les départements d’Outre-Mer), 1963-1982: Organizing Overseas Migrations to the Metropole, Actions and Contradictions Sylvain Pattieu The Politics of Race in France Today 8. Contemporary French Caribbean Politics Audrey Célestine 9. Racially Imprinted Bodies: The Black Feminine Press in Contemporary France Sarah Fila-Bakabadio 10 France in Noir and Black: Stereotypes and the Politics of the Recognition of Black Populations Franck F. Ekué 11. Solidarity or Difference? African Americans and the Making of Black France Tyler Stovall Conclusion: Towards a History of Black France, and a Black History of France Contributors Index

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Book SynopsisMediating Violence from Africa examines how both African and non-African French-speaking authors, filmmakers, editors, and scholars have packaged, interpreted, and filmed the violent histories of post–Cold War Francophone Africa.Trade Review“George MacLeod’s outstanding study of mediation in Francophone African literature, film, and testimony offers an unfailing and generous commitment to foregrounding representations of lived African experiences. His book models a political and critical refusal of transparency and pathos, while simultaneously showing the complexity, often paradoxical, of how we access contemporary Africa(s).”—Lydie Moudileno, Marion Frances Chevalier Professor of French at the University of Southern California“George MacLeod convincingly shows how iconic African figures of the post–Cold War—the child soldier, the survivor of the Tutsi genocide in Rwanda, the Islamist terrorist, and the celebrity humanitarian—were first mediated in dominant Western political discourses before finding their way into Francophone cultural productions. Mediating Violence from Africa charts new ways for reading violence in Francophone African cultural productions of the past thirty years.”—Koffi Anyinefa, professor and chair of French and Francophone studies at Haverford College“The pertinence of the iconic figures chosen to analyze how political violence in Africa is mediated combined with George MacLeod’s innovative transnational and post–Cold War timeframe make this book an important and timely contribution to the field of Francophone studies.”—Alexandre Dauge-Roth, author of Writing and Filming the Genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda: Dismembering and Remembering Traumatic History“Mediating Violence from Africa grants new insights for students and scholars of Africa today. It is a well-crafted critical study that is fascinating to read. George MacLeod is an excellent scholar and literary critic.”—Mildred Mortimer, author of Women Fight, Women Write: Texts on the Algerian WarTable of ContentsList of Illustrations Acknowledgments Notes on Sources and Translations Introduction: Iconic Figures and Post–Cold War Mediations 1. Using the Child Soldier 2. Filming Terrorists, Filming Timbuktu 3. Rwanda’s Tutsi Survivors 4. The Celebrity Humanitarian Ally Conclusion: Mediating Violence from Africa in the Post–Post–Cold War Period Appendix: Data Visualization of Vénuste Kayimahe’s Marginalizations in Discussions of “Rwanda: Writing as a Duty to Remember” Notes Bibliography Filmography Index

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Book SynopsisBetween 1865 and 1872 widespread death and disease unfolded amid the most severe ecological disaster in modern North African history: a plague of locusts destroyed crops during a disastrous drought that left many Algerians landless and starving. The famine induced migration that concentrated vulnerable people in unsanitary camps where typhus and cholera ran rampant. Before the rains returned and harvests normalized, some eight hundred thousand Algerians had died. In Ecologies of Imperialism in Algeria Brock Cutler explores how repeated ecosocial divisions across an expansive ecosystem produced modern imperialism in nineteenth-century Algeria. Massive ecological crises—cultural as well as natural—cleaved communities from their homes, individuals from those communities, and society from its typical ecological relations. At the same time, the relentless, albeit slow-moving crises of ongoing settler colonialism and extractive imperial capitalism cleaved AlgerTrade Review“Theoretically sophisticated and written with startling clarity, Brock Cutler’s Ecologies of Imperialism in Algeria examines the history of French Empire and the performance of modernity in North Africa as stories of the flux and interplay of diverse human actors and nonhuman elements within transnational ecosystems and Maghrebian microclimates. An important book and a great read!”—Spencer Segalla, author of Empire and Catastrophe: Decolonization and Environmental Disaster in North Africa and Mediterranean France since 1954“Ecologies of Imperialism in Algeria provides insight into a critical period of the French colonial occupation of Algeria. It offers a nuanced and comprehensive examination of Algeria’s 1860s environmental crisis years, and it engages themes of labor and colonial identity in interesting and novel ways.”—Andrea E. Duffy, author of Nomad’s Land: Pastoralism and French Environmental Policy in the Nineteenth-Century Mediterranean World

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Book SynopsisSince the 2005 urban protests in France, public debate has often centered on questions of how the country has managed its relationship with its North African citizens and residents. In Making Space Melissa K. Byrnes considers how four French suburbs near Paris and Lyon reacted to rapidly growing populations of North Africans, especially Algerians before, during, and after the Algerian War. In particular, Byrnes investigates what motivated local actors such as municipal officials, regional authorities, employers, and others to become involved in debates over migrants’ rights and welfare, and the wide variety of strategies community leaders developed in response to the migrants’ presence. An examination of the ways local policies and attitudes formed and re-formed communities offers a deeper understanding of the decisions that led to the current tensions in French society and questions about France’s ability—and will—to fulfill the promise of liberty,Trade Review“Making Space is a nuanced, deeply researched, and highly original account of how French modernization projects, migration policy, and local politics interacted in the era of decolonization. Melissa Byrnes carefully compares four distinct suburban municipalities to demonstrate the connections between urban renewal and the treatment of North African migrants, powerfully exposing the imperialist and racist blind spots of a supposedly colorblind French Republic, while at the same time demonstrating that local politics of social solidarity matter.”—Mary D. Lewis, Robert Walton Goelet Professor of French History at Harvard University“In this well-crafted book Melissa Byrnes marshals an array of archival materials to examine four suburban communities near Paris and Lyon during long decolonization—in the final decades of French colonial rule and the decades following the collapse of the empire. In so doing she reveals white local officials’ complex and evolving efforts to make and deny space for citizens of North African descent. Moreover, Byrnes shows us that there are alternative French identities and eviscerates mythologies that France has a unified, universal, singular, white national identity.”—Amelia H. Lyons, author of The Civilizing Mission in the Metropole: Algerian Families and the French Welfare State during Decolonization“Byrnes’s meticulously researched and thoughtfully written text addresses pertinent questions of migration through a focus on the local. How was migrant ‘integration’ experienced at a local level, and how did white French actors manage it? Byrnes demonstrates how migration is not just a question of nation-state policies and practices but rather a deeply local and microlevel phenomenon. By focusing on North African migrants to France she deftly contributes to unpacking how racism and Republicanism structures what it actually can mean to be French.”—Jean Beaman, author of Citizen Outsider: Children of North African Immigrants in FranceTable of ContentsList of Illustrations List of Tables List of Abbreviations and French Terms Acknowledgements Introduction: A View from the Field Chapter 1. The Mission to Modernize Chapter 2. Politics Chapter 3. In Defense of Empire Chapter 4. Anti-Imperialism Chapter 5. Profit Chapter 6. Solidarity Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisSpencer D. Segalla examines natural and anthropogenic disasters during the years of decolonization in Algeria, Morocco, and France and explores how environmental catastrophes impacted the dissolution of France’s empire in North Africa. Trade Review"With a detailed view of debates about reconstruction, architecture, and urban planning, Segalla discusses the continuing effects of colonialism and decolonization on contemporary patterns of environmental modification and utilization and examines the role of disasters in enhancing the centralized power and hegemonic objectives of authoritarian states. His outstanding research is also noteworthy for its illuminating use of literary materials and memoirs in the reconstruction of lived experiences."—B. Tavakolian, Choice"This work is a unique take on the major events of revolution and the creation of the post‐colonial world in North Africa. While grounded in archival work, it takes flight in the literary analysis of contemporary sources that touch on the events. As such it is a fascinating read."—Gregory H. Maddox, H-Africa“Richly sourced and persuasively argued, Empire and Catastrophe weaves together metropolitan and imperial narratives. . . . The book’s intellectual rigor is matched only by the clarity of its prose.”—Christopher M. Church, author of Paradise Destroyed: Catastrophe and Citizenship in the French Caribbean“Similar to Edward Simpson’s Political Biography of an Earthquake: Aftermath and Amnesia in Gujarat, India, Spencer Segalla’s brilliant book offers an innovative fusion of political, cultural, and environmental history to examine decolonization and the creation of postcolonial Algeria, Morocco, and France.”—Michael G. Vann, author of The Great Hanoi Rat Hunt: Empire, Disease, and Modernity in French Colonial Vietnam“Engagingly written and richly sourced, Empire and Catastrophe is an important contribution to our understanding of the broader ecosystem of empire. Looking at a series of local disasters across the space of French imperialism, Segalla evokes the ways catastrophe and decolonization shaped, and continue to shape, each other.”—Brock Cutler, author of Ecologies of Imperialism in Algeria Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Algeria, 1954 Chapter 3. Fréjus 1959, under Water and at War Chapter 4. Poison, Paralysis, and the United States in Morocco, 1959 Chapter 5. Death, Diplomacy, and Reconstruction in Agadir, 1960 Chapter 6. The Soul of a City Chapter 7. Rupture, Nostalgia, and Representation Chapter 8. Conclusion: Humanity and Environment Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisIn 1988, Lydia Cabrera published an Abakuá phrasebook that is still the largest work available on any African diaspora community in the Americas. Now translated into English, Cabrera's lexicon documents phrases vital to the creation of a specific African-derived identity in Cuba and presents the first “insider's” view of this African heritage.

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Book SynopsisIn Incidental Archaeologists, Bonnie Effros examines the archaeological contributions of nineteenth-century French military officers, who, raised on classical accounts of warfare and often trained as cartographers, developed an interest in the Roman remains they encountered when commissioned in the colony of Algeria. By linking the study of the Roman past to French triumphant narratives of the conquest and occupation of the Maghreb, Effros demonstrates how Roman archaeology in the forty years following the conquest of the Ottoman Regencies of Algiers and Constantine in the 1830s helped lay the groundwork for the creation of a new identity for French military and civilian settlers.Effros uses France''s violent colonial war, its efforts to document the ancient Roman past, and its brutal treatment of the region''s Arab and Berber inhabitants to underline the close entanglement of knowledge production with European imperialism. Significantly, IncideTrade ReviewIncidental Archaeologists offers an in-depth, rigorous archival exploration that, while providing a clear history to archaeological policy under the French in Algeria, also uncovers its links to affective relationships to the past, the construction of the racialized and colonized other, and the many forms of violence that are attendant with colonial force and often glossed as 'pacification. * Antiquity *Incidental Archaeologists will likely remain the main reference on the impact of the Roman imperial legacy in French Algeria for quite some time. Through an admirable engagement with the archives and the existing literature, Effros has provided invaluable depth to the well-known influence of the Roman model on French colonial officers. * Modern & Contemporary France *Incidental Archaeologists makes a valuable addition to the historiography on imperializing archaeology, which continues to reveal how the agents of European empires engaged with antiquities in foreign lands... Effros also makes a contribution to the study of classics and colonialism. * H-France Reviews *More than anyone before, Effros lays bare how deeply enmeshed the largely self- appointed French custodians of Algeria's Roman past—most of them military officers—were in deeply destructive forces.... Incidental Archaeologists offers the most complete account of how archaeological endeavors became part of French efforts to occupy and colonize Algeria.... It should find avid readers among all those interested in the intersecting histories of archaeology, public memory, and colonialism, not only in Algeria. * American Historical Review *Prof. Effros has produced a very impressive book that combines an account of the pioneering role of French army officers in the recovery of the physical remnants of the Roman era in Algeria, with the story of French imperial expansion in the region from the start of the conquest of the area in 1830 through 1870, and the uses to which archaeology was put in the service of that penetration. Incidental Archaeologists is an engaging, informative read for interested in archaeology, Roman History, and French military operations and colonialism in North Africa. * The NYMAS Review *Table of ContentsIntroduction: War and the Destruction of Antiquities in the Former Ottoman Empire 1. Knowing and Controlling: Early Archaeological Exploration in the Algerian Colony 2. Envisioning the Future: French Generals' Use of Ancient Rome in the 1840s 3. The View from Ancient Lambaesis 4. Institutionalizing Algerian Archaeology 5. Cartography and Field Archaeology during the Second Empire Epilogue: Classical Archaeology in Algeria after 1870

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Book SynopsisWorking the System offers key insights into the politics of the everyday in twenty-first-century dominant party and neo-authoritarian regimes in Africa and elsewhere. Detailing the many ways ordinary Angolans fashion their relationships with the systeman emic notion of their current political and socioeconomic environmentJon Schubert explores what it means and how it feels to be part of the contemporary Angolan polity.Schubert finds that for many ordinary Angolans, the benefits of the post-conflict New Angola, flush with oil wealth and in the midst of a construction boom, are few. The majority of the inhabitants of the capital, Luanda, struggle to make ends meet and live on under $2.00 per day. The New Angola as promoted by the ruling MPLA, Schubert contends, is an essentially urban, upwardly mobile, and aspirational project, premised on the acceptance of the regime's political and economic dominance by its citizens. In the first ethnography of Angola to be published sTrade ReviewWorking the System is a great book. It holds the promise of its subtitle and offers a deep ‘political ethnography of the new Angola’.... [It] skillfully keeps the balance between the sensitivity of an account at the first person and the reflexivity of an analysis in dialogue with a wide range of scholars. The result is that every encounter sounds both intimate and purposeful.... The capacity of this book to absorb the shock of fast-paced political transformation in Angola is certainly the best proof that it is worth not only being read but being read again! * Allegra Lab *Although the book is intended to be a political ethnography, it rapidly evolves into something more, becoming a vivid journey during which, anchored in the author's experience and mental map, the reader is masterfully taken through those "very real places" "where people live and die, and trade, shop, walk, love" (p. 54). Indeed, the novelty in Schubert's analysis of contemporary politics in Angola is that, through his enmeshed topdown/bottom-up approach, he masterfully connects people's memories, aspirations, and individual stories with the larger political history of the country * H-Luso-NET *This book is short and well written enough to use in courses in anthropology, sociology, international relations, and political science. It also serves as a great supplement to courses on urbanity and the city, contemporary Africa, comparative politics, and ethnography. At a time when few folks are doing real ethnography, along comes Working the System to refortify my belief that good ethnographic research and political ethnography are more important now than ever. * American Ethnologist *How do you explain the workings of a system where, ostensibly, there is no system? This is the central puzzle of Jon Schubert's highly relevant book on the 'New Angola.' The book is skillfully structured around key themes of everyday life that help to explain state-society relations in the capital. * Journal of Southern African Studies *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments A Note on Language, Names, and Money Introduction 1. 2002, Year Zero 2. Sambizanga 3. Angolanidade 4. Cunhas 5. A Culture of Immediatism 6. Against the System, within the System Conclusion Epilogue Glossary and Abbreviations Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisWorking the System offers key insights into the politics of the everyday in twenty-first-century dominant party and neo-authoritarian regimes in Africa and elsewhere. Detailing the many ways ordinary Angolans fashion their relationships with the systeman emic notion of their current political and socioeconomic environmentJon Schubert explores what it means and how it feels to be part of the contemporary Angolan polity.Schubert finds that for many ordinary Angolans, the benefits of the post-conflict New Angola, flush with oil wealth and in the midst of a construction boom, are few. The majority of the inhabitants of the capital, Luanda, struggle to make ends meet and live on under $2.00 per day. The New Angola as promoted by the ruling MPLA, Schubert contends, is an essentially urban, upwardly mobile, and aspirational project, premised on the acceptance of the regime's political and economic dominance by its citizens. In the first ethnography of Angola to be published sTrade ReviewWorking the System is a great book. It holds the promise of its subtitle and offers a deep ‘political ethnography of the new Angola’.... [It] skillfully keeps the balance between the sensitivity of an account at the first person and the reflexivity of an analysis in dialogue with a wide range of scholars. The result is that every encounter sounds both intimate and purposeful.... The capacity of this book to absorb the shock of fast-paced political transformation in Angola is certainly the best proof that it is worth not only being read but being read again! * Allegra Lab *Although the book is intended to be a political ethnography, it rapidly evolves into something more, becoming a vivid journey during which, anchored in the author's experience and mental map, the reader is masterfully taken through those "very real places" "where people live and die, and trade, shop, walk, love" (p. 54). Indeed, the novelty in Schubert's analysis of contemporary politics in Angola is that, through his enmeshed topdown/bottom-up approach, he masterfully connects people's memories, aspirations, and individual stories with the larger political history of the country * H-Luso-NET *This book is short and well written enough to use in courses in anthropology, sociology, international relations, and political science. It also serves as a great supplement to courses on urbanity and the city, contemporary Africa, comparative politics, and ethnography. At a time when few folks are doing real ethnography, along comes Working the System to refortify my belief that good ethnographic research and political ethnography are more important now than ever. * American Ethnologist *How do you explain the workings of a system where, ostensibly, there is no system? This is the central puzzle of Jon Schubert's highly relevant book on the 'New Angola.' The book is skillfully structured around key themes of everyday life that help to explain state-society relations in the capital. * Journal of Southern African Studies *Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments A Note on Language, Names, and Money Introduction 1. 2002, Year Zero 2. Sambizanga 3. Angolanidade 4. Cunhas 5. A Culture of Immediatism 6. Against the System, within the System Conclusion Epilogue Glossary and Abbreviations Notes References Index

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Book SynopsisSlaps in the face, kicks, beatings, and other forms of run-of-the-mill violence were a quotidian part of life in German Southwest Africa at the beginning of the twentieth century. Unearthing this culture of normalized violence in a settler colony, Violence as Usual uncovers the workings of a powerful state that was built in an improvised fashion by low-level state representatives.Marie A. Muschalek''s fascinating portrayal of the daily deeds of African and German men enrolled in the colonial police force called the Landespolizei is a historical anthropology of police practice and the normalization of imperial power. Replete with anecdotes of everyday experiences both of the policemen and of colonized people and settlers, Violence as Usual re-examines fundamental questions about the relationship between power and violence. Muschalek gives us a new perspective on violence beyond the solely destructive and the instrumental. She overcomes, too, the notion thaTrade ReviewViolence as Usual offers an important contribution to the role of localized violence and the evolution of the colonial state in German Southwest Africa... Marie Muschalek provides a compelling narrative that will hopefully inspire more scholarship on local actors and their role in Germany's global empire. * Central European History *[T]his is a timely book that offers a fine-grained and theoretically rich analysis of police violence in an imperial setting. * Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books *Violence as Usual is packed with illuminating information on the societies of the Herero, the Nama, and the German settlers themselves. Moreover, the book lays the groundwork for future studies. * African Studies Review *As a piece of historical research and writing, this book is a jewel. It is both historically rigorous and thoughtfully encompasses the perspectival issues which African history needs to engage in the twenty-first century. * H-Net *Table of ContentsAcknowledgments Introduction: Everyday Violence and the Colonial State 1. Honor, Status, Masculinity: Violent Identity Formations 2. Soldier-Bureaucrats: The Primacy of Proper Bearing 3. Of Whips, Shackles, and Guns: Tools and Technologies of Policing 4. Police Work: Daily Routines and the Art of Making Do 5. Policing Work: Violent Regulation of the Labor Market Conclusion: Histories of Colonial Violence Notes Bibliography Index

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Book SynopsisAfrica requires a new agricultural transformation that is appropriate for Africa, that recognizes the continent''s diverse environments and climates, and that takes into account its histories and cultures while benefiting rural smallholder farmers and their families.In this boldly optimistic book, Sir Gordon Conway, Ousmane Badiane, and Katrin Glatzel describe the key challenges faced by Africa''s smallholder farmers and present the concepts and practices of Sustainable Intensification (SI) as opportunities to sustainably transform Africa''s agriculture sector and the livelihoods of millions of smallholders. The way forward, they write, will be an agriculture sector deeply rooted within SI: producing more with less, using fertilizers and pesticides more prudently, adapting to climate change, improving natural capital, adopting new technologies, and building resilience at every stage of the agriculture value chain.Food for All in Africa envisions a virtuous circlTrade ReviewOn the whole, the book offers a wide-ranging, coherent, and insightful analysis of food security in Africa. Written by several experts in the area of sustainable agriculture, it is a very engaging and readable book that should be of particular interest to anyone with an interest in development studies, and its optimistic tone is very uplifting for the reader. * Progress in Development Studies *Table of ContentsList of Illustrations Foreword by Akinwumi A. Adesina, African Development Bank Acknowledgments List of Acronyms Introduction: A Book for Optimists 1. African Farms and Farmers 2. Hunger and Malnutrition 3. The Threats to Food Security 4. Resilient Farmers 5. Sustainable Agriculture 6. Agriculture and Ecology 7. The New Genetics 8. Value Chains 9. Digital Farmers 10. Transforming Agriculture 11. Leadership and Performance Notes Author Biographies Index

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Book SynopsisWhen people cannot find good work, can they still find good lives? By investigating this question in the context of South Africa, where only 43 percent of adults are employed, Christine Jeske invites readers to examine their own assumptions about how work and the good life do or do not coincide. The Laziness Myth challenges the widespread premise that hard work determines success by tracing the titular laziness myth, a persistent narrative that disguises the systems and structures that produce inequalities while blaming unemployment and other social ills on the so-called laziness of particular class, racial, and ethnic groups. Jeske offers evidence of the laziness myth''s harsh consequences, as well as insights into how to challenge it with other South African narratives of a good life. In contexts as diverse as rapping in a library, manufacturing leather shoes, weed-whacking neighbors'' yards, negotiating marriage plans, and sharing water taps, the people described inTrade ReviewBased on years of extensive field work in a small town, the narrative is lively, personal, and engaging, and provides intimate portraits of everyday people and their struggles. * Choice *Drawing on multiple interviews with employers, business owners and workers, The Laziness Myth offers a complex picture of the post-apartheid workplace where racial inequality is still closely felt. * Anthropology Southern Africa *Table of ContentsIntroduction: "We want to live a good life" 1. "They don't want to work": The Laziness Myth 2. "You can't understand it": Employers' Perspectives of the Unemployed 3. "I need to respect that person and that person needs to respect me": The Respect Narrative 4. "Hustling is when you try to make a good life": The Hustling Narrative 5. "I'm just a laborer": The Laborer Narrative 6. "I have a good story": Possibilities Closing Thoughts: "Despite the contradictions"

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Book SynopsisDrawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with activists, Fractured Militancy tells the story of postapartheid South Africa from the perspective of Johannesburg''s impoverished urban Black neighborhoods. Nearly three decades after South Africa''s transition from apartheid to democracy, widespread protests and xenophobic attacks suggest that not all is well in the once-celebrated rainbow nation. Marcel Paret traces rising protests back to the process of democratization and racial inclusion. This process dangled the possibility of change but preserved racial inequality and economic insecurity, prompting residents to use militant protests to express their deep sense of betrayal and to demand recognition and community development. Underscoring remarkable parallels to movements such as Black Lives Matter in the United States, this account attests to an ongoing struggle for Black liberation in the wake of formal racial inclusion.RTrade ReviewOverall, those interested in social movements, political economy, or methodologically rigorous qualitative work, will find Fractured Militancy an engaging and fruitful read. * Sociology of Race and Ethnicity *Table of ContentsIntroduction Part 1: MOBILIZATION 1. National Liberation 2. Betrayal Part 2: FRAGMENTATION 3. Community 4. Nationalism 5. Class Politics Conclusion

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Book SynopsisAlluring Opportunities examines the lives of African laborers in the tourism industry in the Portuguese colony of Mozambique and the social ascension that many of these workers achieved in spite of demanding conditions. From the origin of the colonial period until its end in 1975, the tourism industry developed on the backs of these laborers and ultimately became an important source of foreign exchange for Portugal.Todd Cleveland explores the daily experiences of local tourism workers in the genesis and expansion of this vital industry with an analytical utility that transcends Africa''s borders by complicating the narrative established and reinforced by an expansive body of literature that stresses the exploitation of indigenous tourism workers. He argues that just as foreign tourists embraced the opportunity to travel to various locations in Mozambique, so too did many Indigenous laborers seize opportunities for employment in the tourism industry in an

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Book SynopsisDesert Borderland investigates the historical processes that transformed political identity in the easternmost reaches of the Sahara Desert in the half century before World War I. Adopting a view from the margins—illuminating the little-known history of the Egyptian–Libyan borderland—the book challenges prevailing notions of how Egypt and Libya were constituted as modern territorial nation-states. Matthew H. Ellis draws on a wide array of archival sources to reconstruct the multiple layers and meanings of territoriality in this desert borderland. Throughout the decades, a heightened awareness of the existence of distinctive Egyptian and Ottoman Libyan territorial spheres began to develop despite any clear-cut boundary markers or cartographic evidence. National territoriality was not simply imposed on Egypt's western—or Ottoman Libya's eastern—domains by centralizing state power. Rather, it developed only through a complex and multilayered process of negotiation with local groups motivated by their own local conceptions of space, sovereignty, and political belonging. By the early twentieth century, distinctive "Egyptian" and "Libyan" territorial domains emerged—what would ultimately become the modern nation-states of Egypt and Libya.Trade Review"Desert Borderland offers a compelling challenge to conventional wisdom. Matthew Ellis complicates common understandings of the Egyptian nation-state to show how territoriality and sovereignty are the result of accommodation and contestation among multiple players. His work will be essential to future debates in geography, the history of law, colonial history, and late Ottoman and modern Egyptian history." -- Khaled Fahmy * University of Cambridge, author of Mehmed Ali: From Ottoman Governor to Ruler of Egypt *"Desert Borderland is an engaging and original work that highlights the role of local figures and their experiences in the making of modern Egypt and Libya. With meticulous research and a rich source base in multiple languages, Matthew Ellis challenges readers to consider if there is such a thing as a normative path to state-building." -- Janet Klein * University of Akron, author of The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone *"[T]his important book fills a gap in borderland studies and in the study of the history of Egypt—not only for its perspective and conclusions but also because of the wealth of rare archival sources Ellis brings to light." -- M.C. Brose * Choice *"Matthew Ellis's overarching objective in Desert Borderland is to challenge the notion that the borders of modern Egypt, and its territory as a whole, were imposed from the center of the state....Any scholar interested in the formation of modern Egypt...would benefit from reviewing Ellis's articulation of the process, which contributes a deep and nuanced level of understanding to this topic." -- Paul Tchir * Middle East Journal *"This theoretically and empirically rich book is a perfect undergraduate and graduate reading in the history of modern Egypt, borderland studies, territoriality, sovereignty, and even environmentalism. It problematizes fundamental questions of modern boundary making, initiates a meaningful dialogue with nonspecialists, and offers an innovative application of American historical theories on late Ottoman North Africa."––Adam Mestyan, International Journal of Middle East Studies"Understood to be of little value due to a certain absence of productivity, borderland spaces had no place on nineteenth-century maps. Yet, as Ellis shows us, hinterlands or borderlands are in fact of crucial value to understandings of mobility, state-inscribed methods of control, identity formation in the absence of state centralization, and in this case, the impact of internal Ottoman and Egyptian colonialism."––Lauren Banko, Mashriq and MahjarTable of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: Rethinking Territorial Egypt chapter abstractThe Introduction lays out the book's central argument about territoriality. I argue that Egypt constitutes an important case study given that it assumed more territorial definition as a modern nation-state in the late nineteenth century despite the absence of demarcated borders or clear-cut cartographic evidence. I seek to challenge prevailing historiography on territoriality that emphasizes the salience of border treaties and authoritative representational practices such as mapping, by showing instead the range of mechanisms that undergirded the projection of centralized territoriality in the nineteenth century. This argument has implications well beyond Egypt: territoriality as practiced—which we can glimpse by uncovering the lived experience of territoriality across the variegated domains of state space—was always a multilayered process of negotiation between an array of state and nonstate actors. 1Legal Exceptionalism in Egypt's Borderlands chapter abstractThis chapter opens with a brief overview of the historical geography of the Egyptian West, highlighting the diversity within the region's human and physical landscapes. It then moves on to illustrate the uneven political geography of the Egyptian nation-state in the late nineteenth century by highlighting two salient themes: the persistence of legal exceptionalism in the western oases and other desert territories, even after Egypt's state-wide judicial reforms starting in the 1870s; and the state's fraught efforts to standardize its policy vis-à-vis Egypt's bedouin population around the country. Both these themes illustrate the emergence of Egypt's borderlands as enclaves of exceptionalism within the emergent Egyptian nation-state. Accordingly, the chapter questions prevailing notions of territorial sovereignty in the nineteenth century and argues against normative Euro-centric top-down frameworks for understanding the process of state-building in the period. 2Accommodating Egyptian Sovereignty in Siwa chapter abstractThis chapter takes us to Siwa—the westernmost oasis in Egypt, which acquired an almost mythic status as Egypt's final frontier during the nineteenth century. The chapter zooms in on the Siwan political scene in the 1890s, when the Egyptian state intensified its efforts to unify its ruling authority across its various territorial domains. In contrast to the normative accounts of state centralization and local resistance, the chapter explores how a variety of local, nonstate actors—the Sanusiyya, foremost among them—played a crucial mediating role in the Egyptian government's effort to exercise sovereignty over Siwa in this critical decade. The chapter illustrates this dynamic by focusing on the local negotiations of power between state and nonstate actors in Siwa that resulted in the formalization of the traditional Siwan elite's customary authority. 3'Abbas Hilmi II and the Anatomy of a Siwan Murder chapter abstractThis chapter advances the book's argument about territoriality by examining the layers of contested sovereignty in Siwa after the Khedive 'Abbas Hilmi's historic visit to the oasis in 1906. In part through his Da'ira Khassa (the administration of the Khedivial properties), the Khedive mobilized a network of political operatives to serve his own political designs and project his sovereign authority and legitimacy far and wide. In Siwa, this took the form of buying up local property, building a grand new mosque, and providing employment for the Siwan population at large. The Khedive also successfully integrated his private network into the traditional hierarchy of local shaykhs in the oasis. This allowed him to garner sovereignty legitimacy where the colonial Egyptian government failed—a development that is thrown into relief with my careful reconstruction of a little-known Siwan murder case in 1909. 4Cultivating Territorial Sovereignty in the Western Desert chapter abstractChapter 4 explores the relationship between territoriality and economic development in late-nineteenth-century Egypt. It argues that this period witnessed a raft of projects aimed at what, in the French colonial context, was called mise en valeur—the reclamation of barren, unprofitable land. After surveying a number of such projects undertaken under the auspices of the Egyptian government, the chapter then turns its attention to the Khedive's own grand development schemes in the Egyptian West. Foremost among these was the Maryut Railway, which he intended to run from the outskirts of Alexandria all the way to the Libyan border. The Maryut Railway functioned as one of several projects through which the Khedive sought to transform the Egyptian West into a more personalized realm of territorial sovereignty. In this regard, the Khedive strove to outdo the British Residency at its own logic of "economism" as a doctrine of ruling legitimacy. 5The Limits of Ottoman Sovereignty in the Eastern Sahara chapter abstractThis chapter documents the emergence of the Eastern Sahara as a contested borderland zone, marked by a nascent political rivalry between the Ottoman state and the "autonomous province" of Egypt. The view from the borderland allows us to glimpse fundamental limitations in the Ottoman exercise of sovereignty in the Eastern Sahara, particularly as Egypt acted increasingly as an independent centralizing state in its own right. Through its analysis of bedouin mobility across the invisible Egyptian-Libyan border, the chapter demonstrates that the tribes stood to gain a great deal by negotiating the onset of state power, alternately claiming or ignoring the existence of a border depending on their particular needs and interests at a given moment. Territorialization in the Eastern Sahara was thus a direct consequence of bedouin spatial practices, which threw into relief the vacuum in state authority at this marginal space between Ottoman Libyan and Egyptian sovereignty. 6The Emergence of Egypt's Western Border Conflict chapter abstractThis chapter documents the emergence of a bona fide "border crisis" in the Eastern Sahara in the decade prior to the Italian occupation of Ottoman Libya. Through a nuanced investigation of a range of primary sources, the chapter illustrates the interactive and multilayered process through which a sharper sense of borderland territorialization—a sense of there being distinctive Libyan and Ottoman territorial spheres—emerged in these pivotal years. Bedouin spatial practices were again central, drawing the Ottoman and Egyptian states deeper into political-diplomatic rivalry, while the Italian state seized upon the instability caused by the bedouin unrest to stake its own territorial claims. In this decade of heated inter-imperial rivalry and contestation, Egyptian sovereign capabilities emerged as ascendant in the region, to the deep chagrin of local Ottoman officials. Conclusion: Unsettling the Egyptian-Libyan Border chapter abstractThe conclusion uses a variety of archival materials to document the fraught diplomatic negotiations that took place between the Italian and Egyptian governments from the end of World War I until 1925–26, when a border delimitation agreement was finally signed. At the same time, however, the chapter illustrates the limitations of this agreement—how it actually left much unsettled in the borderland in terms of national citizenship and belonging. The book ends with a meditation on how the mechanisms of territorial nation-statehood still seem elusive in this region, which again wrestles with the mobility of the local population as a destabilizing force.

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Book SynopsisIn the mid-nineteenth century, as European navies learned to neutralize piracy, new patterns of circulation and settlement became possible in the western Mediterranean. The Deepest Border tells the story of how a borderland society formed around the Strait of Gibraltar, bringing historical perspective to one of the contemporary world's critical border zones. Drawing on primary and secondary research from Spain, France, Gibraltar, and Morocco—including military intelligence files, public health reports, consular correspondence, and travel diaries—Sasha D. Pack draws out parallels and connections often invisible to national and mono-imperial histories. In conceptualizing the Strait of Gibraltar region as a borderland, Pack reconsiders a number of the region's major tensions and conflicts, including the Rif Rebellion, the Spanish Civil War, the European phase of World War II, the colonization and decolonization of Morocco, and the ongoing controversies over the exclaves of Gibraltar, Ceuta, and Melilla. Integrating these threads into a long history of the region, The Deepest Border speaks to broad questions about how sovereignty operates on the "periphery," how borders are constructed and maintained, and the enduring legacies of imperialism and colonialism. Trade Review"Sasha D. Pack's highly original study of this critical Mediterranean chokepoint represents a masterpiece in the field of border studies. We encounter smugglers and seamen, rebels and rulers, settlers and soldiers, and a host of others who forged a modern borderland that collapsed in the post-colonial era. Integrating local and regional scales of analyses with grand imperial and global narratives of modernity, The Deepest Border advances novel theoretical arguments." -- Julia Clancy-Smith * author of Mediterraneans: North Africa and Europe in an Age of Migration *"Sasha D. Pack's study of the century-long making and unmaking of a 'trans-Gibraltar' border zone traces both the high international politics and the local low dealing of this fascinating and complex corner of the Mediterranean. Clearly written, widely researched, detailed and engaging, his account of a century and more of 'borderland politics' astride the Strait allows readers to see Moroccan and Spanish history, and broader inter-imperial competition, from new perspectives." -- James McDougall * University of Oxford *"This engagingly written book examines the exchanges and interactions in the Mediterranean's western reaches over the last two centuries by focusing on the Strait of Gibraltar and some of the region's important enclaves..This is a solid addition to the growing literature of borderlands studies. Highly recommended." -- W. D. Phillips * CHOICE *"The Deepest Border is an outstanding contribution to scholarship on modern Spanish and Mediterranean history. Superbly researched in archives in Spain, Gibraltar, France, England, and the United States, Pack's study speaks to those with an interest in Mediterranean history, but will also be of interest to scholars of borderlands dynamics in other settings and to readers interested in territoriality and state formation." -- Andrew W. Devereux * American Historical Review *Table of ContentsContents and AbstractsIntroduction: chapter abstractThis introduction addresses the book's main arguments and themes and provides historical background on the history of the Strait of Gibraltar as a political boundary. It also outlines the book's sources and methodology and lays out the chapter-by-chapter narrative arc. The Strait of Gibraltar first became a political border in the sixteenth century, with several smaller borders proliferating on its shores as multiple empires carved out coastal exclaves and spheres of influence. These borders form the crucial starting point for understanding the region's political geography. Borders are the key sites of negotiation between sovereign power and human mobility. They possess material, legal, political, and metaphorical meaning, all of which are central to the ongoing process of mediating relationships among the empires, ethno-religious groups, and trade networks operating in the region. 1Inventing a Border: British Gibraltar and the Spanish Campo chapter abstractThis chapter examines the process by which the boundary between Spain and the British colony of Gibraltar formed during the second half of the nineteenth century. Although the Spanish conceded Britain's right to maintain a naval garrison there in 1713, they never recognized Gibraltar as a British sovereign space. As a result, no boundary was ever drawn, leaving a vaguely defined neutral zone that worked to the benefit of Spanish political dissidents and smuggling networks. In the nineteenth century, a number of new pressures, including the British ideology of free trade, the politics of revolutionary Spanish liberalism, and the global rise of cholera, created the need for a more precisely defined and regulated border. The result was a somewhat expanded British colony, which bred consternation among later Spanish nationalists but at the time was viewed locally as a practical solution to a range of problems. 2Crisis in the Western Channel, 1855–1864 chapter abstractThis chapter reassesses the origins and consequences of the Hispano-Moroccan War of 1859–1860, conventionally seen as a war driven by domestic Spanish politics. Examining military correspondence pertaining to navigation around Melilla and the Alboran Sea, this chapter argues that the invasion was a defensive response to growing concern that France and Britain were granting legal protection to Moroccan tribes that were hostile to Spain. Because the Spanish prime minister Leopoldo O'Donnell could not declare war against either of those European powers, he launched an invasion against the Moroccan sultan. The goal was not to gain territory but to gain influence in the sultan's court and legal rights to patrol navigation on the eastern Riffian coast. By this measure, the war was more significant and successful than generally believed. 3Imperial Borders chapter abstractThis chapter explores various ways that imperial enclaves could project power over their borders. Examples include the increasing power of European consuls in Tangier to adjudicate conflicts between Jews and Muslims throughout Morocco; the processes by which officials in Gibraltar and Melilla asserted control over regional trade networks by protecting smugglers; and the role of French Oran in serving as a landing point for Spanish and Moroccan refugees and dissidents. Taken together, these examples illustrate the formation of a constellation of power in the trans-Gibraltar borderland that curtailed the ability of the Spanish and Moroccan governments to administer their own laws. The chapter ends with a discussion of the crisis of 1898, which set in motion a cooperative effort by Spain, Britain, and France to clearly delineate imperial spheres of influence, producing the Entente Cordiale of 1904. 4Tourists and Settlers chapter abstractThis chapter explores the urbanization of the Strait of Gibraltar region, particularly the coastal hubs of Tangier and greater Gibraltar. It draws on the impressions of a growing number of tourists and travelers to depict the rapid changes on both shores of the Strait, which became a magnet for temporary and permanent migrants of diverse social and ethno-religious categories. This cosmopolitan modernism was most on display in leisure settings like the Tangier beach, though it also fueled an underworld of fugitives, bandits, and revolutionaries. 5Slipstream Potentates chapter abstractThis chapter begins with the emergence of a convoluted new colonial arrangement created by the Act of Algeciras (1906) and the establishment of the Protectorate of Morocco (1912) under France and Spanish administration. This system created several new borders and jurisdictional ambiguities that a number of enterprising individuals learned to exploit. The chapter profiles the rise of three such figures, comparing and contrasting their tactics and accounting for their successes and failures. The Moroccans Bu Hmara and Raisuni, and the Spaniard Juan March, all found ways to amass wealth and political influence by positioning themselves on the borders of rival imperial spheres and inhabiting spaces of diluted sovereign authority. They were skilled at gaining protection from one imperial power while breaking the laws of another. Bu Hmara and Raisuni fell only after multiple powers aligned against them, a fate Juan March avoided altogether. 6Illusory Neutrality, 1914–1918 chapter abstractThis chapter looks at the contradictory set of international legal and political requirements prevailing on Spain and Morocco during World War I. There was little will on the part of Spain to enter the conflict, yet it was unclear how to adhere to the requirements of wartime neutrality while also meeting the obligation to administer a portion of the Moroccan Sultanate, a belligerent state by virtue of association with France. German agents, such as the Mannesmann mining firm, exploited this legal and political grey zone to infiltrate the pro-Entente sultanate via the many maritime smuggling networks, brigands, and safe havens of Spanish Morocco. Although this had little bearing on the war's outcome, it convinced the leader of the French colonial army, Hubert Lyautey, that the Spanish officer corps was an unreliable partner. 7War on the Colonial Borderland, 1919–1926 chapter abstractThe Rif War (1921–1926) is typically understood as an anticolonial struggle against Spanish imperialism, but this chapter places the conflict in the broader regional context of the aftermath of World War I. Angered by Spain's pro-German activities during the war, the French Foreign Ministry began a campaign to expel the Spanish from Morocco. Sensing danger, Madrid ordered hasty military action into the Rif Mountains, a provocation that enabled the enterprising nobleman Abd el-Krim to build a Riffian independence army. Abetted by support from contraband networks and benign neglect of French and British patrols, Abd el-Krim built a republic while the Spanish experienced political turmoil culminating in a military coup d'état by Miguel Primo de Rivera. The situation changed only after the French began to see their own positions threatened, at which point Spain and France gradually came together to defeat the Riffian uprising by 1926. 8A New Convivencia chapter abstractThis chapter looks at Spanish administration of northern Morocco after the Rif War. As the physical border between Spain and Morocco disintegrated, Spanish colonial administrators looked for ways to promote "Hispano-Moroccan brotherhood" while preserving religious, social, and sexual boundaries between Moroccan Muslims, Jews, and Spanish settlers. While much scholarship in this area has been dedicated to exposing the Spanish colonial rhetoric of brotherhood to be a ruse, this chapter takes seriously the notion that the Spanish colonial administration attempted to distinguish itself from its French counterpart—even to the point of weakening the positions of the sovereign Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla. It aimed to demonstrate greater respect for local customs and traditions and to elevate the zone's Muslim "caliph" to the status of sovereign, although in other ways its practices resembled the French model. 9The Blighted Republic chapter abstractThis chapter centers on Gibraltar and Tangier during the tumultuous 1930s. One a British colony and the other an international exclave, both towns were imperial strongholds that depended on Spanish and Moroccan labor. Economic crisis, along with the advent of the Spanish Republic of 1931, stirred working-class politics in both cities, pitting the predominantly working-class Spanish communities against European colonial elites over major municipal issues such as casino gambling and cross-border commerce. The resulting divide continued after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936. Despite official neutrality, European elites in both cities tended to favor groups associated with Francisco Franco's rebellion against the Republic. 10The New (Old) Order, 1936–1942 chapter abstractThis chapter examines the fate of trans-Gibraltar region during Spanish Civil War and the early stages of World War II. Although the insurgent army of Francisco Franco quickly took control of northern Morocco and southern Spain and invited its Nazi and Fascist allies to the strategically crucial region, the Entente order of 1904 proved resilient. New evidence is introduced detailing the Franco movement's success in marshaling anti-French, anti-Semitic, and pro-German sentiments to recruit Muslim support, promising the construction of a new Hispano-Moroccan bulwark in the western Mediterranean. Other new documents indicate how quickly this enthusiasm cooled, however, as it became clear that Nazi agents were preparing to seize a position in northwest Africa without giving consideration for Spanish interests, while the British and much of the Jewish community of Tangier remained supportive of Spanish interests in Morocco. 11A Changing Matrix, 1942–1963 chapter abstractThis chapter analyzes the regional consequences of the advent of American hegemony over the course of two decades. The smuggling and banditry that long characterized the region continued, ultimately undermining the Franco regime's efforts to manipulate its currency and build an autarkic economy. Spanish attention to the southern border did not flag, however, as the Franco regime believed a strong authoritarian government in Morocco was necessary to prevent the spread of communism into northwest Africa and eventually Europe. This consideration, rather than the maintenance of a formal colonial position, guided Spanish action in Morocco from the middle of the World War II and throughout the decolonization era. Despite border conflicts further to the south, authoritarian Spain worked to support a strong independent Moroccan monarchy under Muhammad V and Hassan II, even when a revived Riffian movement presented Spain with the opportunity to restore a neocolonial foothold there. 12The End of a Modern Borderland chapter abstractThis chapter discusses the post-World War II reconfiguration of ethno-religious relations that put an end to the modern trans-Gibraltar borderland society as it had developed over the previous century. Jews and Europeans departed Morocco in haste in the 1950s, their safety increasingly uncertain. Spain waged a protracted campaign to recover Gibraltar from Great Britain, closing the border by 1969. Although the effort failed, it put an end to Gibraltar's role as a hub for traffic and circulation around the Strait for over a century. New currents of migration brought Africans northward, making Spain substantially multiconfessional for the first time in its modern history. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the new regional conjuncture and some remarks about the historical changes and continuities over the previous centuries.

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