Description
Book SynopsisUp-to-date overview of the method for producing the main industrial gases
This book covers process design for cryogenic processes like air separation, natural gas liquefaction, and hydrogen and helium liquefaction. It offers an overview of the basics of cryogenics and information on process design for modern industrial plants. Throughout, the book helps readers visualize the theories of thermodynamics related to cryogenics in practice. A central concept in the book is the connection between the theoretical world of process design and the real limitations given by available hardware components and systems.
Sample topics covered in this book include:
- Cryogenic gases like nitrogen, oxygen, argon, neon, hydrogen, helium and methane
- Thermodynamics
- Typical cryogenic refrigeration processes, including the classic Joule Thomson process, the contemporary mixed-gas Joule Thomson process, and expander-based processes like Brayton and Claude cycles
- Helium and hydrogen liquefaction and air separation
The book is a comprehensive must-have resource for engineers and scientists working in academia and industry on cryogenic processes.
Table of ContentsFOREWORD AND INTRODUCTION
CRYOGENICS GASES
REFRIGERATION AND LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
CLASSIC JOULE-THOMSON PROCESS
Joule-Thomson effect
Joule Thomson Process Description
Cooling capacity of the Joule Thomson process
Real process design procedure
Thermodynamic losses in Joule Thomson process (loss in heat exchanger, throttle device, argumentation chain)
Hardware components for Joule Thomson refrigerator
Sample of a Joule Thomson- refrigerator
Optimization
Control issues
Evaluation of the Joule Thomson process and summary
MIXED GAS JOULE THOMSON PROCESS
Effect
Process Description
Cooling capacity
Real process design procedure
Thermodynamic losses
Hardware components
Sample of Claude refrigerator
Optimization
Control issues
Evaluation of the mixed gas Joule Thomson process and summary
NATURAL GAS LIQUEFACTION
EXPANSION IN AN EXPANDER
BRAYTON PROCESS
Effect
Process Description
Cooling capacity
Real process design procedure
Thermodynamic losses
Hardware components
Sample of Brayton refrigerator
Optimization
Control issues
Evaluation of the Brayton process and summary
CLAUDE PROCESS
Effect
Process Description
Cooling capacity
Real process design procedure
Thermodynamic losses
Hardware components
Sample of Claude refrigerator
Optimization
Control issues
Evaluation of the Claude process and summary
HELIUM LIQUEFACTION
HYDROGEN LIQUEFACTION
AIR SEPARATION
Effect
Process Description
Real process design procedure
Thermodynamic losses
Hardware components
Optimization
Control issues
Evaluation of the air separation process and summary
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
