Description
Book SynopsisTrade Review"I like the order in which the topics are presented. The order is the same way that I would choose if I were writing a text myself." - Kathleen Denson, Texas A&M Commerce "Aron et al. strives to make statistical concepts accessible to students who may not have a background or interests in math." - Brock Kirwan, Brigham Young University "This text is at a level that I would feel comfortable assigning to my intro stats students." - Osvaldo Morera, University of Texas at El Paso "I like that [the text] introduced students to more complex techniques in an effort to help them to understand the articles that they are reading with more complex statistics in them" -Stacey Williams, East Tennessee State University ".The Level of writing is it's strongest assets. Very clear step by step instructions. The level of writing is very appropriate to my students" -Stephen Armeli, Farleigh Dickinson "High-level, clear, comprehensive. The book is effective at helping students understand the material" - Kristin Lane, Bard College
Table of Contents In this Section:
- Brief Table of Contents
- Full Table of Contents
1. BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
- Chapter 1 Displaying the order in a group of numbers
- Chapter 2 Central tendency and variability
- Chapter 3 Some key ingredients for inferential statistics: Z scores, the normal curve, sample versus population, and probability
- Chapter 4 Introduction to hypothesis testing
- Chapter 5 Hypothesis testing with means of samples
- Chapter 6 Making sense of statistical significance: Effect size and statistical power
- Chapter 7 Introduction to the t test: Single sample and dependent means
- Chapter 8 The t test for independent means
- Chapter 9 Introduction to the analysis of variance
- Chapter 10 Factorial analysis of variance
- Chapter 11 Correlation
- Chapter 12 Prediction
- Chapter 13 Chi-square tests
- Chapter 14 Strategies when population distributions are not normal: Data transformations and rank-order tests
- Chapter 15 Integration and the general linear model and Making sense of advanced statistical procedures in research articles
2. FULL TABLE OF CONTENTS
-
Chapter 1: Displaying the order in a group of numbers
- The Two Branches of Statistical Methods
- Some Basic Concepts
- Frequency Tables
- Histograms
- Shapes of Frequency Distributions
- Controversy: Misleading Graphs
- Frequency Tables and Histograms in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 2: Central tendency and variability
- Central Tendency
- Variability
- Controversy: The Tyranny of the Mean
- Central Tendency and Variability in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 3: Some key ingredients for inferential statistics: Z scores, the normal curve, sample versus population, and probability
- Z Scores
- The Normal Curve
- Sample and Population
- Probability
- Controversies: Is the Normal Curve Really So Normal? And Using Nonrandom Samples
- Z Scores, Normal Curves, Samples and Populations, and Probabilities in Research Articles
- Advanced Topics: Probability Rules and Conditional Probabilities
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 4: Introduction to hypothesis testing
- A Hypothesis-Testing Example
- The Core Logic of Hypothesis Testing
- The Hypothesis-Testing Process
- One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Hypothesis Tests
- Controversy: Should Significance Tests Be Banned?
- Hypothesis Tests in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 5: Hypothesis testing with means of samples
- The Distribution of Means
- Hypothesis Testing with a Distribution of Means: The Z Test
- Controversy: Marginal Significance
- Hypothesis Tests About Means of Samples (Z Tests) and Standards Errors in Research Articles
- Advanced Topic: Estimation, Standard Errors, and Confidence Intervals
- Advanced Topic Controversy: Confidence Intervals versus Significance Tests
- Advance Topic: Confidence Intervals in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 6: Making sense of statistical significance: Effect size and statistical power
- Decision Errors
- Effect Size
- Statistical Power
- What Determines the Power of Study
- The Role of Power Interpreting the Results of a Study
- Controversy: Statistical Significance versus Effect Size
- Decision Errors, Effect Size, and Power in Research Articles
- Advanced Topics; Figuring Statistical Power
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 7: Introduction to the t test: Single sample and dependent means
- The t Test for a Single Sample
- The t Test for Dependent Means
- Assumptions of the t Test for a Single Sample and the t Test for Dependent Means
- Controversy: Advantages and Disadvantages of Repeated-Measures Designs
- Single Sample t Tests and Dependent Means t Tests in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 8: The t test for independent means
- The Distribution of Differences Between Means
- Hypothesis Testing with a t Test for Independent Means
- Assumptions of the t Test for Independent Means
- Effect Size and Power for the t Test for Independent Means
- Review and Comparison of the Three Kinds of t Tests
- The t Test for Independent Means in Research Articles
- Advanced Topic: Power for the t Test for Independent Means When Sample Sizes Are Not Equal
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 9: Introduction to the analysis of variance
- Basic Logic of the Analysis of Variance
- Carrying Out an Analysis of Variance
- Hypothesis Testing with the Analysis of Variance
- Assumptions in the Analysis of Variance
- Planned Contrasts
- Post Hoc Comparisons
- Effect Size and Power for the Analysis of Variance
- Controversy: Omnibus Tests versus Planned Contrasts
- Analyses of Variance in Research Articles
- Advanced Topic: The Structural Model in the Analysis of Variance
- Principles of the Structural Model
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 10: Factorial analysis of variance
- Basic Logic of Factorial Designs and Interaction Effects
- Recognizing and Interpreting Interaction Effect
- Basic Logic of the Two-Way Analysis of Variance
- Assumptions in the Factorial Analysis of Variance
- Extensions and Special Cases of the Analysis of Variance
- Controversy: Dichotomizing Numeric Variables
- Factorial Analysis of Variance in Research Articles
- Advanced Topic: Figuring a Two-Way Analysis of Variance
- Advanced Topic: Power and Effect Size in the Factorial Analysis of Variance
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 11: Correlation
- Graphing Correlations: The Scatter Diagram
- Patterns in Correlation
- The Correlation Coefficient
- Significance of a Correlation Coefficient
- Correlation and Causality
- Issues in Interpreting the Correlation Coefficient
- Effect Size and Power for the Correlation Coefficient
- Controversy: What is a Large Correlation?
- Correlation in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 12: Prediction
- Predictor (X) and Criterion (Y) Variables
- The Linear Prediction Rule
- The Regression Line
- Finding the Best Linear Prediction Rule
- The Least Squared Error Principle
- Issues in Prediction
- Multiple Regression
- Limitations of Prediction
- Controversy: Unstandardized and Standardized Regression Coefficients; Comparing Predictors
- Prediction in Research Articles
- Advanced Topic: Error and Proportionate Reduction in Error
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 13: Chi-square tests
- The Chi-Square Statistic and the Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit
- The Chi-Square Test for Independence
- Assumptions for Chi-Square Tests
- Effect Size and Power for Chi-Tests for Independence
- Controversy: The Minimum Expected Frequency
- Chi-Square Tests in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 14: Strategies when population distributions are not normal: Data transformations and rank-order tests
- Assumptions in the Standard Hypothesis-Testing Procedures
- Data Transformations
- Rank-Order Tests
- Comparison of Methods
- Controversy: Computer-Intensive Methods
- Data Transformations and Rank-Order Tests in Research Articles
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note
-
Chapter 15: Integration and the general linear model and Making sense of advanced statistical procedures in research articles
- The General Linear
- Partial Correlation
- Reliability
- Multilevel Modeling
- Factor Analysis
- Casual Modeling
- Procedures That Compare Groups
- Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
- Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA)
- Overview of Statistical Techniques
- Controversy: Should Statistics Be Controversial?
- How to Read Results Using Unfamiliar Statistical Techniques
- Summary
- Key Terms
- Example Worked-Out Problems
- Practice Problems
- Using SPSS
- Chapter Note