Description
Book SynopsisProviding a coherent and realistic vision of the implications of the energy issue in the future development of our cities; places emphasis on the links between very specific and technical topics and the most challenging issues concerning energy savings and the transition to a low carbon society. A great part of the built environment in most European cities consists of buildings dating from 60s to early 90s, for residential purposes: this stock clearly presents several problems related to its functional layout, as well as its energy/thermal behaviour. Applying sustainable and energy savings principles to retrofitting interventions on the stock above is one of the most urgent challenges to be met in the very near future. Giving some examples and case studies, this book investigates retrofitting interventions in terms of energy balance: from design strategies to choice of materials and components; from market trends analysis to economical assessment, from the targeted energy performance to the energy investments needed for achieving it.The reader will benefit from the real life experiences and related results described in this book and acquire all the tools for a constructive evaluation of the different options available to him/her, when faced with retrofitting interventions, thanks to a global view of all the issues involved.
Table of ContentsIntroduction 1 Energy conscious design approaches for building renewal and urban development [Andrea Boeri] The increasing importance played by the energy factor in the building sector: social and economic implications; The energy issue in EU: towards 2020; EU policies for improving energy efficiency; The weight of the building sector; European market trends and the role of the existing building stock in the urban development; EU Directives on energy efficiency as driving factor; The key role of the housing sector in the existing building stock; The influence of tenure in renovation initiatives; Trends, demands and standards in the housing sector; Housing conditions in EU; The influence of users' profile in the housing sector; Changes in needs; Retrofitting as a tool to improve the quality of the building stock; Energy efficiency as a starting point of retrofitting actions; Renovation levels and expected effect on building quality; Priorities and limits in promoting renovation actions 2 General framework for retrofitting actions on the housing sector in the EU [Danila Longo] Retrofitting experiences in Europe; From the first refurbishment experiences to energy retrofit initiatives; The new generation of sustainable oriented renovation programmes; Recent and current European initiatives in urban renewal; Lesson learned and open issues in retrofitting design; The need for a common tool to exchange information and data; Matching energy retrofitting actions to users' expectations; The management of the complexity; The role played by assessment tools in setting design criteria; Assessing the results of retrofitting actions; The need of an adequate diagnostic framework; Comparing predicted performance level with the real one 3 Retrofitting strategies and performance targets [Jacopo Gaspari] Designing service life of interventions; Age of buildings and level of energy use; Obsolescence phenomena and influence of new requirements on expected performance level; Defining expected lifespan; Defining intervention strategies; Levels of interventions; Retrofitting strategies; A step-by-step design approach; Stratification as a design principal;Between lightness and mass; Volumetric additions; Defining addition models; Effects on energy efficiency 4 Technical and design options [Ernesto Antonini] Higher performance for building envelopes; Envelope features and building thermal behaviour: notes about building physics; Common performance deficiencies in existing building envelopes; Improving thermal performance of the envelope system; Walls; Roofs; External doors and windows; Air tightness; Improving summer energy performance; Screening of glazed surfaces; Ventilated walls and roofs; Innovative material purposes and constraints; Thin films and coatings applied to current building material surfaces; PCM technologies for building envelopes; High performance insulating materials 5 Applications of principals and methodologies for effective retrofitting actions [Jacopo Gaspari] Modelling a case study application; Defining the starting condition level; Step-by-step retrofitting scenarios; Step 01 - Replacement and integration; Step 02 - Building envelope implementation; Step 03 - Building envelope implementation through pre-assembled panels; Step 04 - Facade addition; Energy savings and energy investments; A short overview of LCA approach; Energy investment related to retrofitting actions; Energy investment evaluation; Optimization of retrofitting strategy; Payback time of assumed scenarios; Energy effectiveness index and amortization time
