Sage Publications

Book SynopsisThis workbook is loaded with exercises, how-to sections and checklists, all designed to serve as a supplemental support for students to apply the principles and concepts learned from the textbook it accompanies. With instructions and explanations written in a conversational style, it will help the student understand why the assignments are being used, why the skills they are developing are relevant and how the exercises relate to the textbook content. Table of Contents1. The Basics of Research Design Activity 1.1: Ways of Knowing (Personal Reflection) Activity 1.2: Identifying Researchers’ Approach Activity 1.3: Dependent and Independent Variables Activity 1.4: Variables, Indicators, and Values Activity 1.5: Operationalizing Definitions Activity 1.6: Research Interest Reflection Activity 1.7: Finding a Topic: Your Research Project Chapter 1 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 1 2. Ethics Activity 2.1: Personal Ethics Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 2.2: Operationalizing the AAA Code of Ethics Activity 2.3: Exploring Relationships of Responsibility Activity 2.4: Ethical Dilemmas Activity 2.5: Research Design Decisions: Recruitment Activity 2.6: Research Design Decisions: Positionality Activity 2.7: Research Design Decisions: Risk Assessment and Management Chapter 2 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 2 3. Sampling Activity 3.1: Personal Sampling Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 3.2: Cultural Data versus Individual Attribute Data Activity 3.3: NonProbability Sampling Plans Activity 3.4: Critiquing the Choice of Informants Activity 3.5: Probability Sampling Plans Activity 3.6: Sampling Frames Activity 3.7: Research Design Decisions: Sampling Plan Chapter 3 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 3 4. Participant Observation Activity 4.1: Participant Observation Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 4.2: Showing, Not Telling Activity 4.3: Reflexivity Activity 4.4: Introductory Participant Observation Activity 4.5: Research Design Decisions: Anticipating Field Challenges and Planning for Where/When/How/What Activity 4.6: Research Project: Participant Observation—Jottings Chapter 4 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 4 5. Writing Field Notes Activity 5.1: Writing Field Notes Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 5.2: Correcting Pitfalls Activity 5.3: Selection: Inscribing Reality Activity 5.4: Presentation: Inscribing Reality Activity 5.5: Analytical Commentaries Activity 5.6: Research Project: Writing Field Notes Activity 5.7: Autoethnography Chapter 5 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 5: Activity 5.6 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 5: Activity 5.7 6. Interviewing Activity 6.1: Interviewing Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 6.2: Correcting Interview Questions Activity 6.3: Constructing an Interview Guide for Peer Interviews Activity 6.4: Constructing an Informed Consent Form for Peer Interviews Activity 6.5: Peer Interviews Activity 6.6: Research Design Decisions: Preparing an Interview Guide and a Consent Form Activity 6.7: Research Project: Interviews Chapter 6 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 6 7. Coding and Analysis Activity 7.1: Coding and Analysis Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 7.2: Abbreviating, Coding, and Analysis Activity 7.3: Inductive versus Deductive Coding Activity 7.4: Manifest versus Latent Content Activity 7.5: Content Analysis of TV Shows Activity 7.6: Practicing Grounded Theory Activity 7.7: Research Project: Coding and Analysis Using Grounded Theory Activity 7.8: Writing Ethnographic Narrative Chapter 7 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 7: Activity 7.7 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 7: Activity 7.8 8. Surveys and Mixed Methods Design Activity 8.1: Reflections on User Experience Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 8.2: Mixed Methods Design Activity 8.3: Triangulation Activity 8.4: Practicing Constructing Survey Questions Activity 8.5: Practicing Survey Distribution Decisions Activity 8.6: Practicing Survey Data Analysis Activity 8.7: Research Design Decisions: Constructing Survey Questions Activity 8.8: Research Design Decisions: Preparing a Survey and Consent Page Activity 8.9: Research Project: Survey Data Collection, Analysis, and Write-Up Chapter 8 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 8 9. Cultural Domains: Modeling Cognition and Knowledge Activity 9.1: My Taxonomies and Cultural Models Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 9.2: Practicing Folk Taxonomy Study Design Activity 9.3: Practicing Folk Taxonomy Data Collection and Analysis Activity 9.4: Practicing Cultural Models Study Design Activity 9.5: Practicing Cultural Model Data Collection and Analysis Activity 9.6: Practicing Decision-Tree Model Study Design Activity 9.7: Practicing Decision-Tree Model Data Collection and Analysis Activity 9.8: Research Design Decisions: Cultural Domains Study Activity 9.9: Research Project: Cultural Domain Study Chapter 9 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 9 10. Indirect Observation: Material Culture and Using Archives or Media Activity 10.1: My Indirect Observation Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 10.2: Practicing Visual and Material Culture Study Design Activity 10.3: Practicing Visual and Material Culture Collection and Analysis Activity 10.4: Practicing Diary Study Design Activity 10.5: Practicing Diary Study Collection and Analysis Activity 10.6: Practicing Archival Study Design Activity 10.7: Practicing Archival Study Collection and Analysis Activity 10.8: Research Design Decisions: Selecting an Indirect Observation Study Activity 10.9: Research Project: Indirect Observation Study Chapter 10 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 10 11. Behavior and Context: Mapping and Passive Direct Observation Activity 11.1: Behavior and Context Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 11.2: Practicing Participatory Mapping Study Design Activity 11.3: Practicing Participatory Mapping Activity 11.4: Practicing Mobility Mapping Activity 11.5: Continuous Monitoring: Creating an Ethogram Activity 11.6: Continuous Monitoring: Using an Ethogram and Writing Activity 11.7: Research Design Decisions: Selecting a Behavior and Context Study Activity 11.8: Research Project: Behavior and Context Study Chapter 11 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 11 12. Putting It All Together: Culminating Experiences Activity 12.1: Integrating Skills Self-Evaluation (Personal Reflection) Activity 12.2: Human Subjects Protocol for Institutional Review Board (IRB) Activity 12.3: Grant Proposal Activity 12.4: Technical Report Activity 12.5: Paper Presentation Activity 12.6: Poster Presentation Chapter 12 Reflection Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 12: Activity 12.2 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 12: Activity 12.3 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 12: Activity 12.4 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 12: Activity 12.5 Self- or Peer-Assessment for Chapter 12: Activity 12.6

Read more less

Book SynopsisA firm knowledge of factor analysis is key to understanding much published research in the social and behavioral sciences. Exploratory Factor Analysis by W. Holmes Finch provides a solid foundation in exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which along with confirmatory factor analysis, represents one of the two major strands in this field. The book lays out the mathematical foundations of EFA; explores the range of methods for extracting the initial factor structure; explains factor rotation; and outlines the methods for determining the number of factors to retain in EFA. The concluding chapter addresses a number of other key issues in EFA, such as determining the appropriate sample size for a given research problem, and the handling of missing data. It also offers brief introductions to exploratory structural equation modeling, and multilevel models for EFA. Example computer code, and the annotated output for all of the examples included in the text are available on an accompanying website. Trade ReviewThis text is a perfect resource for individuals seeking guidance on applied factor analysis, covering the fundamentals as well as introductions to more advanced aspects of factor analytic techniques. -- Damon Cann * Review *Finch provides a well-written and well-organized introduction to the conceptual and quantitative topics of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis within a single, concise text. -- Stephen G. Sapp * Review *This is a thorough and readable introduction to exploratory factor analysis -- Michael D. Biderman * Review *Table of ContentsChapter One: Introduction to Factor Analysis Latent and Observed Variables The Importance of Theory in Doing Factor Analysis Comparison of Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis EFA and Other Multivariate Data Reduction Techniques A Brief Word About Software Outline of the Book Chapter Two: Mathematical Underpinnings of Factor Analysis Correlation and Covariance Matrices The Common Factor Model Correspondence Between the Factor Model and the Covariance Matrix Eigenvalues Error Variance and Communalities Summary Chapter Three: Methods of Factor Extraction in Exploratory Factor Analysis Eigenvalues, Factor Loadings, and the Observed Correlation Matrix Maximum Likelihood Principal Axis Factoring Principal Components Analysis Principal Components Versus Factor Analysis Other Factor Extraction Methods Example Summary Chapter Four: Methods of Factor Rotation Simple Structure Orthogonal Versus Oblique Rotation Methods Common Orthogonal Rotations Common Oblique Rotations Target Factor Rotation Bifactor Rotation Example Deciding Which Rotation to Use Summary Appendix Chapter Five: Methods for Determining the Number of Factors to Retain in Exploratory Factor Analysis Scree Plot and Eigenvalue Greater Than 1 Rule Objective Methods Based on the Scree Plot Eigenvalues and the Proportion of Variance Explained Residual Correlation Matrix Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test for Maximum Likelihood Parallel Analysis Minimum Average Partial Very Simple Structure Example Summary Chapter Six: Final Issues in Factor Analysis Proper Reporting Practices for Factor Analysis Factor Scores Power Analysis and A Priori Sample Size Determination Dealing With Missing Data Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Multilevel EFA Summary

Read more less

Book SynopsisWith a unique focus on inquiry, Thinking Critically About Child Development presents 74 claims related to child development for readers to examine and think through critically. Author Jean Mercer and new co-authors Stephen Hupp and Jeremy Jewell use anecdotes to illustrate common errors of critical thinking and encourage students to consider evidence and logic relevant to everyday beliefs. New material in the Fourth Edition covers adolescence, adverse childhood experiences, genetics, LGBT issues for both parents and children, and other issues about sexuality, keeping readers up to date on the latest scholarship in the field.Table of ContentsAcknowledgments About the Authors Introduction What Is Critical Thinking? How Do You Think Critically? Fallacies to Watch for When Studying Child Development Claims About Child Development Types of Mistaken Claims “Seductive Ideas” Why Is It All So Complicated? Understanding Basic Facts Values and Political Goals Variations on the Developmental Theme Examining the Evidence: Recognizing That a Belief May Be Mistaken Sources of Information: Safe or Sorry? The Work Ahead What Difference Does It Make If You Can or Can’t Think Critically About Child Development? Part I: Genetics and Prenatal Life Claim 1: Genetic factors play such a strong role in human development that genes alone can determine certain human behavioral characteristics. Claim 2: Although prematurely born babies are smaller than most and may need special medical care, the babies and their parents instinctively know how to interact with each other. Claim 3: If a child’s problem is genetically caused, the problem will be present at birth and will stay the same throughout life. Claim 4: Unborn babies are not influenced much by the environment outside the mother’s body. Claim 5: As the date when her child will be born gets closer, a mother-to-be needs to be more careful about alcohol and drugs because the risk of birth defects increases throughout pregnancy. Claim 6: Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) offer reliable ways for couples to have healthy children in spite of fertility problems. Claim 7: Genetic relationships are a powerful factor in social and emotional interactions, so people recognize and are attracted to blood relatives even if they have never met them before. Claim 8: Babies work hard to be born. Claim 9: When a baby has genetic problems, there are no pre- or postnatal methods for treatment. Claim 10: Except for their reproductive organs, there are no differences between boy and girl babies before or soon after birth. Gender differences occur as a result of different experiences for boys and girls. Part II: Infants and Toddlers Claim 11: There are ideal natural ways for human beings to give birth and to care for young babies, and methods that are too different from the natural ways are not desirable. Claim 12: Parents need to have contact with their babies right after birth so that they can bond with them. Claim 13: Babies are born with emotional attachments to their mothers and can recognize their mothers at once. Claim 14: When mothers of young babies are depressed, the problem is caused by the changes in hormones they experience after the birth. Claim 15: It’s been proved that it’s always better for parentless children to be placed in foster care rather than in orphanages or other institutions. Claim 16: A baby’s sleeping position can cause or prevent sudden infant death syndrome. Claim 17: The benefits of bed sharing with an infant outweigh the risks. Claim 18: Parents should not talk baby talk to their children because it slows their language development. Claim 19: Being exposed to two different languages is confusing for babies and interferes with normal language development. Claim 20: Babies and toddlers benefit a great deal from being taught sign language. Claim 21: It’s a problem, and possibly means autism, if babies don’t make eye contact in the first few weeks of life. Claim 22: It’s harmful to preschoolers’ psychological development if they make overnight visits to estranged parents. Claim 23: Toddlers drop food on the floor because they want to make their parents angry. Claim 24: It is important for parents to work with babies and teach them how to walk. Claim 25: It is a good thing for an infant or a toddler to have experience with many caregivers, not just one or two. Claim 26: Screen devices provide excellent resources for encouraging infants’ and toddlers’ mental development. Claim 27: Using cellphones is an important skill for children growing up today, and beginning early is the best way to ensure good development and ability to use electronics. Claim 28: People who were abused as children are likely to abuse their own children. Part III: Preschoolers Claim 29: Having kids listen to Mozart makes them smart. Claim 30: The time between birth and age 3 years is the most important period of development and learning in a person’s life. Claim 31: Children need to hear frequent praise in order to be motivated toward work and achievement. Claim 32: Children need to develop basic trust and show it by their confidence in other people. Claim 33: If a child is able to complete a task with an adult present, he or she is also able to do it alone. Claim 34: Preschoolers who hold their breath when angry are trying to upset their parents and get their own way. Claim 35: Vaccines and heavy metals cause autism. Claim 36: Autism rates are rising rapidly, especially in certain parts of the country, so something must be happening to cause more cases of this serious developmental problem. Claim 37: Preschool children who lie are developing along dangerous lines and need to be corrected severely in order to stop this bad behavior. Claim 38: Preschoolers who try to bargain with their parents really want to manipulate and control adults, and they should not be allowed to negotiate. Claim 39: A young child can tell when someone is just teasing. Claim 40: Children with attachment disorders must be treated very sternly and differently from typically developing children—even in ways that are ordinarily considered abusive. Claim 41: Spanking should never be used to discipline a child because it is ineffective and causes children to model the aggression they experience. Claim 42: Time-out is harmful to children. Claim 43: When young children have traumatic experiences, their reactions are much like those of traumatized adults. Claim 44: Serious mental illness and criminal behavior are caused by traumatic experiences in early childhood. Part IV: School-Age Children Claim 45: Girls who get their first period early are also likely to mature quickly in other ways. Claim 46: Children have different learning styles, depending on whether they are left brained or right brained. Claim 47: It’s healthy for children to be a little on the chubby side. Claim 48: Birth order is an important factor that determines children’s intelligence and personality. Claim 49: When a child is mentally ill, any psychological treatment is better than no treatment. Claim 50: Bullying is a natural behavior for children, and there’s nothing you can do to stop it. Claim 51: Sugar is a major cause of hyperactive behavior. Claim 52: Adopted children have many more social and emotional development problems than do nonadopted children. Claim 53: Adopted children usually turn out to be a lot like the parents who adopt them. Claim 54: If a child is sexually molested, he or she will probably repress the memory. Claim 55: Children raised by same-sex couples are disadvantaged compared to other children. Part V: Adolescents Claim 56: Regular experience of shared family meals is critical for children’s academic and behavioral development. Claim 57: Self-help websites are useful resources for teens with eating disorders. Claim 58: Children are more likely to become delinquent if their fathers are absent or uninvolved. Claim 59: Violent television programs and video games cause increased aggressive behavior. Claim 60: If parents are not strict enough, children will behave badly and may become criminals. Claim 61: High self-esteem makes children perform better in school. Claim 62: Single-sex schools give better outcomes of academic achievement than do coeducational schools. Claim 63: The DARE program is an effective way to prevent children and adolescents from dealing or using drugs. Claim 64: Texting and driving is a bigger problem for teenagers than any other age group. Claim 65: Children and adolescents learn bad behavior from their peers. Claim 66: Young teenagers should be tried and sentenced as adults if they commit serious crimes. Claim 67: Adolescence is an emotionally dangerous time when teenagers are likely to attempt or commit suicide. Claim 68: Punishment is an effective way to change children’s and adolescents’ undesirable behaviors. Claim 69: Children are reaching puberty earlier with each generation. Claim 70: Adolescent sexual activity is increasing. Claim 71: Psychological treatments like “conversion therapy” can change a person’s same-sex orientation to a heterosexual orientation. Claim 72: LGBT teenagers are more likely to commit suicide than other people. Claim 73: Adolescents are more likely to have sex when they learn about contraception. Claim 74: Adolescence comes to an end when teens turn 18. Afterthoughts Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisResearch Design and Methods: An Applied Guide for the Scholar-Practitioner is written for students seeking advanced degrees who want to use evidence-based research to support their practice. This practical and accessible text addresses the foundational concepts of research design and methods; provides a more detailed exploration of designs and approaches popular with graduate students in applied disciplines; covers qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods designs; discusses ethical considerations and quality in research; and provides guidance on writing a research proposal.Trade Review"The chapters in this text are logically and clearly organized around levels of understanding that are intuitive and easy to follow. They offer dynamic examples that will keep students engaged. Readers will learn to connect theory and practice, helping them become better researchers, and better consumers of research." -- Lynette D. Nickleberry"Research Design and Methods: An Applied Guide for the Scholar-Practitioner is a must-read for both new and seasoned researchers. Every topic in the text is comprehensively explained with excellent examples." -- Francis Godwyll"This text provides clear and concise discussions of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research for the new scholar-practitioner. The use of questioning and visuals affords students the opportunity to make connections and reflect on their learning." -- Holly Haynes"The edited nature of this book provides a multitude of rich perspectives from well-respected authors. This book is a must-have for introductory research methods students." -- Eric D. Teman"This is an excellent read for anyone interested in understanding research, the book provides good clarity and practical examples…. It is a pragmatic book that translates research concepts into practice." -- Peter MemiahTable of ContentsForeword - Michael Quinn Patton Preface - Gary J. Burkholder, Linda M. Crawford, Kimberley A. Cox, and John H. Hitchcock Acknowledgments About the Editors About the Contributors Part I: Foundations in Research Design Chapter 1: Introduction to Research - Gary J. Burkholder Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundations and the Role of Theory in Research - Gary J. Burkholder and Patricia M. Burbank Chapter 3: Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks in Research - Linda M. Crawford Part II: Research Design and Analysis Chapter 4: Quantitative Research Designs - Kimberley A. Cox Chapter 5: Quantitative Analysis - Justus J. Randolph Chapter 6: Qualitative Research Designs - Linda M. Crawford Chapter 7: Qualitative Analysis - Paul Mihas Chapter 8: Mixed Methods Designs and Approaches - Bonnie K. Nastasi Chapter 9: Mixed Methods Analysis - Sarah E. P. Munce and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie Part III: Data Collection Chapter 10: Interviewing Essentials for New Researchers - Linda M. Crawford and Laura Knight Lynn Chapter 11: Survey Research - Kimberley A. Cox Part IV: Research Quality and Ethics Chapter 12: Quality Considerations - Molly S. Stewart and John H. Hitchcock Chapter 13: Ethical Considerations - Kimberley A. Cox Part V: Selected Research Designs and Approaches Chapter 14: Phenomenology - Paula Dawidowicz Chapter 15: Grounded Theory - Annie Pezalla Chapter 16: Case Study Research - Kurt Schoch Chapter 17: Program Evaluation - Louis Milanesi Chapter 18: Action Research - Craig A. Mertler Part VI: Writing and Disseminating Research Chapter 19: Critiquing and Synthesizing the Literature - Annie Pezalla Chapter 20: Writing the Research Proposal - Linda M. Crawford, Gary J. Burkholder, and Kimberley A. Cox Chapter 21: Disseminating Research: Cultivating a Healthy Dissemination Attitude Among New Scholars - John H. Hitchcock Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis book addresses foundational areas of qualitative writing (such as journal articles and dissertations), aesthetic representations (including poetry and autoethnography), publishing, and reflexivity in representation in one practical and engaging text based on real experiences. Author Maria K.E. Lahman draws on her experiences as a qualitative research professor and writing instructor, and as someone who has published widely in scholarly journals, employing both traditional and more innovative forms of writing. The first part of the book covers writing tips; how to represent data; how to write a qualitative thematic journal article; how to write a qualitative dissertation; and provides guidance on the publication process. The second part encourages the qualitative researcher to move beyond traditional forms of writing and consider how qualitative research can be represented more aesthetically: as poems, autoethnographies, and visually. The book concludes with a chapter on reflexivity in research representations. Throughout, the author provides vivid examples from her own work, and that of graduate students and colleagues.Trade ReviewOne of the best books I have read in qualitative research. I wish I had this book when I was a doctoral student, or in the early stages of my academic career. Not only is it good for those in doctoral programs, it is appropriate for mentoring those in the early stages of the journey to tenure. -- Mark MalisaLahman′s text is both a sound guide to the practical elements of qualitative inquiry, as well as a compelling overview of the eclectic, ethical, and engaged landscape of the contemporary field. This book is a true invitation to emerging researchers, calling for them to both create strong work and to dream new practices into being. -- Jake BurdickTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Author PART I. WRITING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ESSENTIALS Chapter 1. Introduction Literary Framing Path of the Book Features of the Book The Gist Reflexive Questions Chapter 2. Why, What, and How We Write Why Do We Write? What Do We Write? How Do We Write? The Gist: Get on With It Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Chapter 3. Start Writing! Data Represented in Three Ways: An Exemplar Honing the Craft of Writing The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Chapter 4. Qualitative Dissertations: The Three Rules The Dissertation Proposal (or Chapters 1–3) The Dissertation (or Chapters 4 and 5) Politics and Process of the Dissertation Change Is in the Wind The Gist Reflexive Questions Resources Chapter 5. Writing the Qualitative Journal Article: Of Rice Cakes, Tortillas, Bread, and Butter Before the Formal Writing The Qualitative Thematic Article: Bread and Butter of Qualitative Research The Methodological Article The Gist Reflexive Questions Resources Reflexive Activities Chapter 6. Publish and Persevere: The Publication Process Getting Organized Preparing the Manuscript for Publication Submission Anticipating the Reviews The Review Revise and Resubmit Reject Accept, and Accept With Revisions Production Done, Done, Done! (Not Really): Promoting Publication Get Started Promoting Your Publication The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources PART II. AESTHETIC REPRESENTATIONS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Chapter 7. Autoethnography: A Kaleidoscope of Knowing Background of Autoethnography Major Genres of Autoethnography One Way to Create Autoethnography Tensions in Autoethnography The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Chapter 8. Poemish Research Representations Why Poetry? Forms of Research Poetry Ideas for Forging Research Poetry Poetic Tensions The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Chapter 9. Visuals in Qualitative Research Representation: In the Blink of an Eye Visual Inquiry Background Exemplars of Visual Research Representations Representing Visuals Considerations for Visual Representations The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Chapter 10. Reflecting Reflexivity in Research Representations What Is Reflexivity? Traditional Reflexivity Representations Contemporary Reflexivity: Undergirding Representations The Gist Reflexive Questions Reflexive Activities Resources Epilogue Appendices Appendix A. A Sample Syllabus From a Graduate-Level Qualitative Research Writing Course Appendix B. An Example of a Doctoral Student Representing the Same Data Set in Three Different Ways Appendix C. Reflexive Activities for Novice and Sage Writers Appendix D. Tips for Writing and Presenting a Research Poster Appendix E. Writing Prompts References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisConducting Research with Human Participants: An IRB Guide for Students and Faculty by Nathan Durdella is the only guidebook students and faculty will need to navigate the IRB process and secure swift approval of research protocols. This book serves as an advisor to walk researchers through all the details of drafting, submission, and revision of materials for Institutional Review Boards so they can complete their research projects or dissertations faster. This text walks readers through the history of Institutional Review Boards, the contemporary context of ethical research, strategies to effectively draft, submit, and revise an IRB protocol, and guidance on working with an approved protocol in the field. The latest updates to the Common Rule and other regulatory frameworks, including special protections for working with vulnerable groups, are covered throughout the text. Not every research project goes according to plan, so adverse events and reporting receive special coverage. A final chapter on ethical research practices beyond IRB compliance encourages researchers to think through how to exit the field of research and ensure their research benefits the individuals, families, and communities in which they work. Take the guesswork out of the IRB process from start to finish with this handy guide. Table of ContentsPart 1: Start Here: The Institutional Review Board Process on Your Campus Chapter 1. Understanding Why You Submit an IRB Protocol for Review of Your Research Plans Chapter 2. IRB Considerations Hidden in Your Research Study and Coursework Chapter 3. Getting to Know Your Institutional Review Board Part 2: Strategies for Success in Your IRB Protocol Chapter 4. Categories of Review: Classification of Your Protocol Chapter 5. The Protocol Approval Process: From Draft IRB to Final Approval Chapter 6. Special Protections for Vulnerable Groups Part 3: Approved Protocols: Your Roles and Responsibilities in the Research Process Chapter 7. You’re Approved to Conduct Your Study, Now What? Chapter 8. What Happens If Something Happens: Adverse Events and Unanticipated Problems Chapter 9. Beyond Compliance in Research Governance: Ensuring Your Work with Human Research Participants Benefits Individuals, Families, and Communities Appendix References

Read more less

Book Synopsis The authors are proud sponsors of the 2020 SAGE Keith Roberts Teaching Innovations Award—enabling graduate students and early career faculty to attend the annual ASA pre-conference teaching and learning workshop. Classical Sociological Theory, Eighth Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the major theorists and schools of sociological thought from the Enlightenment roots of theory through the early 20th century. The integration of key theories with biographical sketches of theorists and the requisite historical and intellectual context helps students to better understand the original works of classical authors as well as to compare and contrast classical theories.Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Authors Part I: Introduction to Classical Sociological Theory Chapter 1: A Historical Sketch of Sociological Theory: The Early Years Introduction Premodern Sociological Theory Social Forces in the Development of Sociological Theory Intellectual Forces and the Rise of Sociological Theory The Development of French Sociology The Development of German Sociology The Origins of British Sociology The Key Figure in Early Italian Sociology Non-European Classical Theory The Contemporary Relevance of Classical Sociological Theory Summary Chapter 2: A Historical Sketch of Sociological Theory: The Later Years Early American Sociological Theory Sociological Theory to Midcentury Sociological Theory from Midcentury Late Twentieth-Century Integrative Theory Theories of Modernity and Postmodernity Social Theory in the Twenty-First Century Summary Part II: Classical Sociological Theory Chapter 3: Alexis de Tocqueville Comparative Study American Politics The Sociology in Tocqueville’s Work The Key Sociological Problem(s) Freedom, Democracy, and Socialism Colonialism Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 4: Auguste Comte Comte’s Profound Ambitions Comte’s Sociology Theory and Practice Criticisms and Contributions Summary Chapter 5: Herbert Spencer Spencer and Comte General Theoretical Principles Sociology The Evolution of Society Ethics and Politics Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 6: Karl Marx Introduction The Dialectic Dialectical Method Human Potential The Structures of Capitalist Society Materialist Conception of History Cultural Aspects of Capitalist Society Marx’s Economics: A Case Study Communism Criticisms Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 7: Emile Durkheim Introduction Social Facts The Division of Labor in Society Suicide The Elementary Forms of Religious Life Moral Education and Social Reform Criticisms Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 8: Max Weber Methodology Substantive Sociology Criticisms Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 9: Georg Simmel Primary Concerns Individual Consciousness and Individuality Social Interaction (“Association”) Social Structures and Worlds Objective Culture The Philosophy of Money Secrecy: A Case Study in Simmel’s Sociology Criticisms Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 10: Early Women Sociologists and Classical Sociological Theory: 1830–1930 Harriet Martineau (1802–1876) Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935) Jane Addams (1860–1935) and the Chicago Women’s School Anna Julia Cooper (1858–1964) and Ida Wells-Barnett (1862–1931) Marianne Schnitger Weber (1870–1954) Beatrice Potter Webb (1858–1943) Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 11: W. E. B. Du Bois Intellectual Influences Studying Race Scientifically: The Philadelphia Negro Theoretical Contributions Economics Karl Marx, Socialism, and Communism Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 12: Thorstein Veblen Intellectual Influences Basic Premises Substantive Issues Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 13: Joseph Schumpeter Creative Destruction Schumpeter’s Broader Economic Theory Toward a More Dynamic Theory of the Economy Schumpeter’s Sociology The Future Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 14: Karl Mannheim The Sociology of Knowledge Ideology and Utopia Rationality and the Irrationality of the Times Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 15: George Herbert Mead Intellectual Roots The Priority of the Social The Act Mental Processes and the Mind Self Society Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 16: Alfred Schutz The Ideas of Edmund Husserl Science and the Social World Typifications and Recipes The Life-World Intersubjectivity Realms of the Social World Consciousness, Meanings, and Motives Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary Chapter 17: Talcott Parsons Parsons’s Integrative Efforts General Principles The Action System Change and Dynamism in Parsonsian Theory Criticisms and Contemporary Applications Summary References Name Index Subject Index

Read more less

Book Synopsis Research Methods in the Social and Health Sciences: Research Decisions, by Ted Palys and Chris Atchison, gives students a thorough, thoughtful, and highly readable introduction to the entire research process from start to finish. From its underlying premise that your research questions and objectives, rather than any specific method, should guide your research, this book discusses each step of the research process, from limiting the scope of a literature review to navigating ethical considerations to deciding which methods are best suited for finding answers to specific research questions to how to analyze data and present findings. Readers are encouraged to think deeply about each step of the research process. The book promotes this deliberation by discussing the strengths and limitations of different methods and. Throughout the process, the authors provide many examples from their own and student research, sharing insights for research decisions arising from that experience. Readers will develop the skills to create solid research questions, perform literature reviews, identify appropriate data sources and methods, conduct research, analyze and interpret data and translate the resulting knowledge generated from the research process to a wider audience– all core parts of the research process –by developing their knowledge and creating confidence in their own decision-making skills. After explaining the unique and often complementary strengths of qualitative and quantitative methods, students focus on what methods are best suited for finding answers to the research questions that interest them. Major types of research including experiments, case studies, surveys, quasi-experiments, ethnographies, focus groups, participatory action research, and archival studies all receive significant coverage. The text illustrates how these methods are enhanced by integrating them with 21st century technologies and combining them in mixed methods projects. Chapters on constructing a research proposal and disseminating research bookend the process with concrete steps in between to support students designing their own original research projects. Study questions at the end of each chapter encourage students to think critically about the research process and how the choices a researcher makes will broaden or constrain what they can find. By the end of the text, social and health science students will feel confident in undertaking ethical and thoughtful research.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Perspectives on Research Chapter 2: Getting Started: Developing Research Ideas Chapter 3: Getting Specific: What′s the Plan? Chapter 4: Ethics in Social and Health Research Chapter 5: Sampling and Recruitment Chapter 6: Eliminating Rival Plausible Explanations: The Experiment Chapter 7: From Manipulative to Analytic Control: Quasi-Experimentation Chapter 8: Case Study Approaches Chapter 9: Surveys and Questionnaires Chapter 10: Interviews Chapter 11: Observation, Ethnography & Participatory Action Research Chapter 12: Archival Sources Chapter 13: Analyzing Non-Numerical Data Chapter 14: Analyzing Numerical Data Chapter 15: Disseminating Your Research Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C References

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Second Edition of 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher provides practical, applied information for the novice qualitative researcher, addressing the "how" of conducting qualitative research in one brief guide. Author John W. Creswell and new co-author Johanna Creswell Báez draw on many examples from their own research experiences, sharing them throughout the book. The 30 listed skills are competencies that can help qualitative researchers conduct more thorough, more rigorous, and more efficient qualitative studies. Innovative chapters on thinking like a qualitative research and engaging with the emotional side of doing qualitative research go beyond the topics of a traditional research methods text and offer crucial support for qualitative practitioners. By starting with a strong foundation of a skills-based approach to qualitative research, readers can continue to develop their skills over the course of a career in research. This revised edition updates skills to follow the research process, using new research from a wide variety of disciplines like social work and sociology as examples. Chapters on research designs now tie back explicitly to the five approaches to qualitative research so readers can better integrate their new skills into these designs. Additional figures and tables help readers better visualize data collection through focus groups and interviews and better organize and implement validity checks. The new edition provides further examples on how to incorporate reflexivity into a study, illuminating a challenging aspect of qualitative research. Information on writing habits now addresses co-authorship and provides more context and variation from the two authors. Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Authors Part I: Understanding the Landscape of Qualitative Research Chapter 1 • Thinking Like a Qualitative Researcher Why the Skill Is Important The Research Process Different Approaches to This Research Process How Qualitative Researchers Think The Boat Picture The Nature of Qualitative Research Some Misconceptions About Qualitative Research Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 2 • Building on Quantitative Research Knowledge to Implement Qualitative Research Why the Skill Is Important Characteristics of Quantitative Research in a Quantitative Journal Article Characteristics of Qualitative Research in a Qualitative Journal Article Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics on a Continuum Easy- and Hard-to-See Components Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 3 • Making Your Qualitative Project Rigorous and Conceptually Interesting Why the Skill Is Important Decide on Your Research Topic Be Cautious About Studying Your Own Backyard Make Your Topic Conceptually Interesting Include an Interesting Element in Your Title Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 4 • Managing Difficult Emotions That Come Up During Research Why the Skill Is Important The Emotional Journey of Qualitative Research Possible Steps in the Emotional Journey The Upside of Qualitative Research The Downside of Qualitative Research Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 5 • Working With Research Advisers and Committees Why the Skill Is Important Educating Your Committee Putting Forward Your Best Material On Taking Feedback Research Committee Meetings Summary Activity Further resources PART II • Considering Preliminary Elements Chapter 6 • Using Philosophy and Theory in Qualitative Research Why the Skills Are Important The Philosophy Behind Qualitative Research Writing About Philosophy in Your Qualitative Study Use of Theory in Qualitative Research Summary Activities Further resources Chapter 7 • Anticipating Ethical Issues Why the Skill Is Important Human Research Protections in Your Qualitative Research Ethical Issues at Different Phases in the Research Ethical Issues We Have Faced as Qualitative Researchers Permissions for Borrowed Material Used in Qualitative Research A Checklist for Ethics Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 8 • Organizing the Literature Why the Skill Is Important Challenges in Reviewing the Literature Options for Placing the Literature in a Qualitative Study Steps in Conducting a Literature Review Priority for Reviewing the Literature How to Design a Literature Map Additional Ideas About Designing a Literature Map A Sample Description of a Literature Map Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 9 • Viewing the Structure of a Thesis or Dissertation for a Qualitative Study Why the Skill Is Important Topics Typically Included in a Qualitative Proposal or Plan Structure of a Dissertation or Thesis Qualitative Proposal A Concept Map of the Structure of a Qualitative Journal Article Summary Activity Further resources PART III • Introducing a Qualitative Study Chapter 10 • Writing a Good Qualitative Title and Abstract Why the Skill Is Important Good Qualitative Titles Improving Titles Definition of an Abstract A Word About Word Count Topics of a Good Abstract Examples of Abstracts Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 11 • Writing a Good Introduction and Opening Sentence for a Study Why the Skill Is Important Positioning an Introduction Within a Qualitative Study Five Key Elements of a Good Introduction The First Sentence of an Introduction Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 12 • Scripting a Qualitative Purpose Statement and Research Questions Why the Skills Are Important Interrelating the Purpose, the Research Questions, and the Methods Purpose Statements Research Questions The Central Question Examples of Improving the Central Question The Central Phenomenon Summary Activity Further resources PART IV • Collecting Qualitative Data Chapter 13 • Understanding the Process of Qualitative Data Collection Why the Skill Is Important The Parts of Qualitative Data Collection A Checklist for Qualitative Data Collection Summary Activities Further resources Chapter 14 • Conducting a Good Observation Why the Skill Is Important Observation as a Developed Skill The Nature of Observing Steps in the Process of Observing Additional Helpful Guidelines for Observing Challenges in Observing Observation Checklist Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 15 • Designing and Administering an Interview Protocol Why the Skill Is Important Types of Interviews Steps in Conducting a Qualitative Interview Parts of an Interview Protocol A Sample Interview Protocol Additional Interviewing Ideas An Interview Checklist Challenges in Conducting Interviews Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 16 • Collecting Data With Marginalized Populations Why the Skills Are Important Marginalized Groups Concerns in Collecting Data From Marginalized Groups Addressing Potential Concerns Summary Activities Further resources Chapter 17 • Being Culturally Aware in Global Qualitative Research Why the Skills Are Important Key Concepts in Conducting Global Qualitative Research Cultural Competency Building Country-Level Expertise Global Research Policies Methodological Orientation and Data Collection Methods Qualitative Study Designs and Procedures Recommendations for the Global Qualitative Researcher Summary Activities Further resources PART V • Analyzing and Validating Data Chapter 18 • Coding Text Data Why the Skill Is Important The Overall Process of Qualitative Data Analysis From the Raw Data to Codes From the Raw Data to Themes The Nature of Coding Working Backward From a Theme Passage to Understand Coding The Process of Coding Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 19 • Coding Images and Pictures Why the Skill Is Important Types of Qualitative Image Data Potential Concerns When Using Images Analyzing Images Summary Activities Further resources Chapter 20 • Developing Theme Passages Why the Skill Is Important Four Levels of Evidence in Qualitative Data Analysis Elements to Write Into Themes A Table That Organizes Themes, Codes, and Quotations Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 21 • Using a Computer Software Program for Data Analysis Why the Skill Is Important Using QDA Software in the Data Analysis and Report Writing Phases Should You Use QDA Software? Major Software Programs Available How Do You Choose a QDA Program? What Are the Steps in Using QDA Software? Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 22 • Implementing Validity Checks Why the Skill Is Important What Is Validity in Qualitative Research? Types of Validity in Qualitative Research What Validity Strategies Should You Use? Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 23 • Conducting Intercoder Agreement Why the Skill Is Important What Is Intercoder Agreement? Procedures for Conducting Intercoder Agreement Examples of Intercoder Agreement From Informal to More Systematic Procedures Summary Activity Further resources PART VI • Writing and Publishing Qualitative Research Chapter 24 • Writing in a Scholarly Way Why the Skill Is Important Developing as Writers Writing to Think About Your Topic Developing the Habit of Writing Staging Your Thoughts Using Principles of Good Writing Other Strategies for Good Writing Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 25 • Writing in a Qualitative Way Why the Skill Is Important Writing Using Thick Description Writing Coherently Writing Using Similes Writing Using Quotations Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 26 • Writing Reflexively Why the Skill Is Important What Is Reflexivity? Reflexivity for the Researcher Reflexivity for the Participants Reflexivity for the Readers How to Facilitate Reflexive Writing Where Do You Place Your Personal Reflexive Statements in a Study? Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 27 • Writing a Good “Conclusion” Section Why the Skill Is Important How Do You Conclude a Qualitative Study? Perspectives on Elements of a “Conclusion” Section Two Approaches to Concluding a Qualitative Study Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 28 • Publishing a Qualitative Journal Article Why the Skill Is Important Publishing During an Academic Career Studying a Journal Before Submission Summary Activity Further resources PART VII • Evaluating a Study and Using Qualitative Designs Chapter 29 • Selecting Quality Criteria for a Qualitative Study Why the Skill Is Important Are Standards Important in Qualitative Research? Some Perspectives on the Standards Question What Standards Should You Use? Summary Activity Further resources Chapter 30 • Selecting a Qualitative Design Why the Skill Is Important Moving From Generic to Types of Qualitative Designs The Choice of Five Designs to Emphasize How Do You Choose What Design Is Appropriate for Your Project? An Example, “Turning the Story” Summary Activity Further resources Glossary References

Read more less

Book SynopsisUsing Time Series to Analyze Long Range Fractal Patterns presents methods for describing and analyzing dependency and irregularity in long time series. Irregularity refers to cycles that are similar in appearance, but unlike seasonal patterns more familiar to social scientists, repeated over a time scale that is not fixed. Until now, the application of these methods has mainly involved analysis of dynamical systems outside of the social sciences, but this volume makes it possible for social scientists to explore and document fractal patterns in dynamical social systems. Author Matthijs Koopmans concentrates on two general approaches to irregularity in long time series: autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average models, and power spectral density analysis. He demonstrates the methods through two kinds of examples: simulations that illustrate the patterns that might be encountered and serve as a benchmark for interpreting patterns in real data; and secondly social science examples such a long range data on monthly unemployment figures, daily school attendance rates; daily numbers of births to teens, and weekly survey data on political orientation. Data and R-scripts to replicate the analyses are available on an accompanying website.Trade ReviewThis is coherent treatment of fractal time-series methods that will be exceptionally useful. -- Courtney BrownEach analysis is explained, and also the differences between the analyses are explained in a systematic way. -- Mustafa DemirThis volume offers a nice introduction to the various methods that can be used to discuss long range dependencies in univariate time series data. Koopmans makes a compelling case for these methods and offers clear exposition -- Clayton WebbThis amazing book provides a concise and solid foundation to the study of long-range process. In a short volume, the author successfully summarizes the theory of fractal approaches and provides many interesting and convincing examples. I highly recommend this book. -- I-Ming ChiuTable of ContentsSeries Editor Introduction Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1: Introduction A. Limitations of Traditional Approaches B. Long-Range Dependencies C. The Search for Complexity D. Plan of the Book Chapter 2: Autoregressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average or Fractional Differencing A. Basic Results in Time Series Analysis B. Long-Range Dependencies C. Application of the Models to Real Data D. Chapter Summary and Reflection Chapter 3: Power Spectral Density Analysis A. From the Time Domain to the Frequency Domain B. Spectral Density in Real Data C. Fractional Estimates of Gaussian Noise and Brownian Motion D. Chapter Summary and Reflection Chapter 4: Related Methods in the Time and Frequency Domains A. Estimating Fractal Variance B. Spectral Regression C. The Hurst Exponent Revisited D. Chapter Summary and Reflection Chapter 5: Variations on the Fractality Theme A. Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions B. The Multivariate Case C. Regular Long-Range Processes and Nested Regularity D. The Impact of Interventions Chapter 6: Conclusion A. Benefits and Drawbacks of Fractal Analysis B. Interpretation of Parameters in Terms of Complexity Theory C. A Note About the Software and Its Use References Appendix Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Process of Research and Statistical Analysis in Psychology presents integrated coverage of psychological research methods and statistical analysis to illustrate how these two crucial processes work together to uncover new information. Best-selling author Dawn M. McBride draws on over 20 years of experience using a practical step-by-step approach in her teaching to guide students through the full process of designing, conducting, and presenting a research study. The text opens with introductory discussions of why psychologists conduct and analyze research before digging into the process of designing an experiment and performing statistical analyses. Each chapter concludes with exercises and activities that promote critical thinking, the smart consumption of research, and practical application. Students will come away with a complete picture of the role that research plays in psychology as well as their everyday lives.Trade Review"This text provides an introduction to the entire research process from the development of the research question to the analysis of data. There is a stepwise, methodical approach to each aspect of research design and analysis, which undergraduate students are likely to find approachable." -- Emily CoyleTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1 • Psychological Research: The Whys and Hows of the Scientific Method and Data Why Should I Care About Research If I Don’t Want to Do Research in My Career? Why Psychologists Conduct Research Populations and Samples Types of Data Frequency Distributions Summary of Frequency Distributions Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 2 • Developing a Research Question and Understanding Research Reports: Where Research Questions Come From Developing a Research Question How to Conduct a Literature Review What You Find in a Literature Review Using the Literature Review to Make Hypotheses APA-Style Article Writing Oral Presentations Poster Presentations Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 3 • Ethical Guidelines for Psychological Research Historical Context for Ethical Guidelines Current Ethical Guidelines for Human Participants Research Institutional Review Boards Ethics in Reporting Research Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 4 • Probability and Sampling Probability Concepts Sampling Techniques Distribution of Sample Means Introduction Recruiting Participants Using the Internet to Sample Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 5 • How Psychologists Use the Scientific Method: Data Collection Techniques and Research Designs Data Collection Techniques Types of Research Designs Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 6 • Descriptive Statistics Central Tendency in Distributions Mean Median Mode Which Measure of Central Tendency Should I Use? Variability in Distributions Standard Deviation Descriptive Statistics in Graphs APA Style for Graphs and Tables Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 7 • Independent Variables and Validity in Research Independent Variables Validity and Sources of Bias Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 8 • One-Factor Experiments Manipulation of Independent Variables Control in Within-Subjects and Between-Subjects Experiments Experiment Examples Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 9 • Hypothesis-Testing Logic The z Score Transformation The Normal Distribution Using the Normal Distribution to Determine the Probability of a Sample Mean Using the Normal Distribution to Test Hypotheses Logic of Hypothesis Testing Types of Hypothesis-Testing Errors Statistical Significance Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 10 • t Tests The t Distribution One-Sample t Test Conducting a One-Sample t Test Using SPSS One-Sample t Test Assumptions Samples With Related or Paired Data Calculating a Related or Paired Samples t Test Conducting a Related or Paired Samples t Test Using SPSS Paired Samples t Test Assumptions Independent Samples Calculating the Independent Samples t Test Conducting an Independent Samples t Test Using SPSS Independent Samples t Test Assumptions Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 11 • One-Way Analysis of Variance More Than Two Independent Samples Calculating the F Score in an Analysis of Variance Conducting a One-Way Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance Using SPSS Test Assumptions Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 12 • Correlation Tests and Simple Linear Regression Correlation Versus Causation Hypothesis Testing With Pearson r Conducting a Pearson r Test Using SPSS Regression Analyses Nonlinear Relationships Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 13 • Chi-Square Tests Parametric Versus Nonparametric Tests Observed Versus Expected Frequencies Calculating a Chi-Square by Hand Calculating a Chi-Square Test Using SPSS Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 14 • Multifactor Experiments Factorial Designs More About Interactions Experiment Examples Chapter Summary Applying Your Knowledge Test Yourself Chapter 15 • Two-Way Analysis of Variance Factorial Designs Calculating a Two-Way Analysis of Variance Calculating Two-Way Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance Using SPSS Test Assumptions Chapter Summary Test Yourself Chapter 16 • One-Way Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance Within-Subjects Designs Calculating a Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance Calculating One-Way Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance Using SPSS Test Assumptions More Complex Within-Subjects Designs Chapter Summary Test Yourself Appendix A: Sample APA-Style Research Report Appendix B: Answers to Stop and Think Questions Appendix C: Unit Normal Table (z Table) Appendix D: t Distribution Table Appendix E: F Distribution Table Appendix F: Pearson r Critical Values Table Appendix G: Chi Square Critical Values Table Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisWritten in an accessible and clear manner, Straightforward Statistics with Excel® 2e by Chieh-Chen Bowen helps students across the social and behavioral sciences gradually build their skills to develop a better understanding of the world around them. Each chapter purposefully connects with the previous chapter for a gradual accrual of knowledge from simple to more complex concepts. This effective, cumulative approach to statistics through logical transitions eases students into statistics and prepares them for success in more advanced quantitative coursework and their own research. The second edition now features Excel instructions and exercises throughout so students can use this widely-available and applied software for statistics. This book is designed to walk the reader through statistics at a steady but gentle pace, providing pop quizzes throughout every chapter so readers can check their knowledge along the way. By gradually stepping up difficulty in each chapter, students generate a solid foundation and are prepared for the next chapters. Straightforward Statistics with Excel looks at the big picture so that the basic statistical concepts connect to everyday and relevant research examples in multiple ways. Throughout the book the reader is reminded of what they need to be able to recall with "You Must Remember This" boxes. A rich source of practical resources are located at the end of chapters beginning with " What You Learned," followed by three sets of exercises so students can immediately apply their knowledge. The new edition features a reorganized presentation of material, starting with measures of central tendency, separating this from measures of variability so students better understand the differences. A more thorough presentation of one-sample and dependent samples t-tests gives students a stronger foundation in these crucial tests in statistics. New examples and studies complete the update, with a focus on simplicity. Throughout, the book makes use of Excel instructions and screenshots so students can take statistics with them through research projects and into the world beyond academia.Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1. Introduction to Statistics What Is Statistics? Random Sampling Methods Scales of Measurement Variable Classifications Required Mathematical Skills for This Course Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 2. Summarizing, Organizing Data, and Measures of Central Tendency What You Know and What Is New Frequency Distribution Table Graphs Common Distribution Shapes Measures of Central Tendency Excel Step-by-Step Instruction for Calculating SX From a Frequency Table and Constructing a Bar Graph and a Histogram Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 3. Measures of Variability What You Know and What Is New Measures of Variability Discover the Hidden Functions in Excel: Analysis Toolpak Installation Instructions Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 4. Standard Z Scores What You Know What Is New Standard Z Scores Empirical Rule for Variables With a Normal Distribution Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 5. Basic Principles of Probability What You Know and What Is New Basic Terms and Mathematical Operations in Probability Linkage Between Probability and Z Score in a Normal Distribution Probabilities, Z Scores, and Raw Scores Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 6. The Central Limit Theorem What You Know and What Is New Sampling Error Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means and the Central Limit Theorem Relationships Between Sample Means and the Population Mean The Law of Large Numbers Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 7. Hypothesis Testing What You Know and What Is New Type I Error and Type II Error The Four-Step Procedure to Conduct a Hypothesis Test Further Discussions on Directional Versus Nondirectional Hypothesis Tests Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 8. One-Sample t Test and Dependent-Sample t Test What You Know and What Is New The Unknown s and Conducting the One-Sample t Test The t Distribution With a Specific Curve for Every Degree of Freedom The Four-Step Hypothesis Test in One-Sample t Tests Confidence Intervals in One-Sample t Tests Introducing Dependent-Sample t Tests Calculations and the Hypothesis Testing Process in Dependent-Sample t Tests Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 9. Independent-Samples t Tests What You Know and What Is New Introducing Independent Samples and the Decision Rules on Equal Variances Decision Rules for Equal Variances Assumed Versus Equal Variances Not Assumed Confidence Intervals of the Mean Differences Effect Sizes Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 10. Correlation What You Know and What Is New Pearson’s Correlation Hypothesis Testing for Pearson’s Correlation Interpretations and Assumptions of Pearson’s Correlation Partial Correlation Excel Step-by-Step Instruction for Constructing a Scatterplot Excel Step-by-Step Instruction for Calculating Pearson’s r Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 11. Simple Regression What You Know and What Is New Y-Intercept and Slope Hypothesis Testing for Simple Regression Statistical Assumptions for Simple Regression Step-by-Step Instructions of Simple Regression in Excel Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 12. One-Way Analysis of Variance What You Know and What Is New Introducing One-Way ANOVA Between-Group Variance and Within-Group Variance Hypothesis Testing for One-Way ANOVA Effect Size for One-Way ANOVA Step-by-Step Instructions for Using Excel to Run an ANOVA Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Chapter 13. Chi-Square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Independence What You Know and What Is New The Chi-Square Expected Frequency Goodness-of-Fit Tests Chi-Square for Independence Test Exercise Problems Chapter Resources What You Learned Key Words Learning Assessment Appendix A. The Standard Normal Distribution Table (Z Table) Appendix B. The t-Distribution Table (t Table) Appendix C. The F Table Appendix D. The Critical Values of Pearson’s Correlation Table (r Table) Appendix E. The Critical Values for the Chi-Square Tests (?2 Table) Answers to the Learning Assessments Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisCase Studies in Lifespan Development offers students a comprehensive view into life’s key developmental stages through unique, diverse, and moving cases. Author Stephanie M. Wright presents a series of 12 case studies shaped by the contributions of real students—including their observations, concerns, and moments of triumph—to build immersive examples that readers can relate to and enjoy. Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Author PART I: THE CASES Case 1) Jamal Jones Case 2) Naomi Rowe Case 3) James Albert Case 4) Riley Everett Case 5) Leonardo Ramirez Case 6) London Dennel Case 7) Edward Archer Case 8) Aiza Morris Case 9) Zack Park Case 10) Bliss McCallen Case 11) Poppy Bell Case 12) Aminah Mohammed PART II: APPENDIX Appendix A: Domain Mapping PART III: DIGITAL-ONLY APPENDICES Appendix A: Student Research Kit Appendix B: Alternate Cases With Moderate Outcomes Appendix C: Alternate Cases With Undesirable Outcomes

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Fourth Edition of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences by award-winning author Gregory Privitera aims to inspire students to use statistics properly to better understand the world around them.Trade ReviewThe clarity in which the information is covered and the variety of ways that the information is presented is extremely impressive. For every concept, there is the text, figures, examples, and applications. -- Allyson PhillipsI like the idea of some more comprehensive connections between what students learn in lab and class; I think the SPSS components in the text create that connectedness. -- Dana K. DonohueI believe this approach is much more effective, and I am so glad to see it! -- Hilary CampbellThe book is extremely well written and easy to follow. -- Robyn CooperThe author did a great job on explaining each key concepts, and how to analyze data with SPSS is also clear. -- Yukiko MaedaVery well written and easy to follow for students. -- Joshua L. KarelitzTable of ContentsPART I. INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS 1. Introduction to Statistics 2. Summarizing Data: Frequency Distributions in Tables and Graphs 3. Summarizing Data: Central Tendency 4. Summarizing Data: Variability PART II. PROBABILITY AND THE FOUNDATIONS OF INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 5. Probability 6. Probability, Normal Distributions, and z Scores 7. Probability and Sampling Distributions 8. Hypothesis Testing: Significance, Effect Size, Estimation, and Power PART III. MAKING INFERENCES ABOUT ONE OR TWO MEANS 9. Testing Means: One-Sample t Test With Confidence Intervals 10. Testing Means: Two-Independent-Sample t Tests With Confidence Intervals 11. Testing Means: The Related-Samples t Test With Confidence Intervals PART IV. MAKING INFERENCES ABOUT THE VARIABILITY OF TWO OR MORE MEANS 12. Analysis of Variance: One-Way Between-Subjects Design 13. Analysis of Variance: One-Way Within-Subjects (Repeated-Measures) Design 14. Analysis of Variance: Two-Way Between-Subjects Factorial Design PART V. MAKING INFERENCES ABOUT PATTERNS, FREQUENCIES, AND ORDINAL DATA 15. Correlation 16. Linear Regression and Multiple Regression 17. Nonparametric Tests: Chi-Square Tests 18. Nonparametric Tests: Tests for Ordinal Data Appendix A. Overview of Core Statistical Concepts in the Behavioral Sciences Appendix B. Basic Math Review and Summation Notation Appendix C. SPSS General Instructions Guide With Steps for Evaluating Assumptions for Inferential Statistics Appendix D. Statistical Tables Appendix E. Chapter Solutions for Even-Numbered Problems Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisThis classic text for social work and human services helps readers grasp the meaning and significance of measuring performance and evaluating outcomes. Hands-on and practical, Designing and Managing Programs incorporates the principles of effectiveness-based planning as it addresses the steps of designing, implementing, and evaluating a human services program at the local agency level. Written by leaders in the field, it guides students through the process from beginning to end. Meaningful examples—from problem analysis and needs assessment to evaluating effectiveness and calculating costs—enhance reader understanding of how concepts are implemented in the real world. The Sixth Edition contains new examples and references, and updates based on changes to federal regulations. An instructor website includes essay questions, PowerPoint slides, and suggested assignments designed by the authors. Table of ContentsPART I: Assessing Current Practices 1 Contemporary Issues in Human Service Program Planningand Administration PART II: Problem Analysis/Needs Assessment 2 The Contribution of Theory to Program Planning 3 Understanding Social Problems 4 Needs Assessment: Theoretical Considerations 5 Needs Assessment: Approaches to Measurement PART III: Planning, Designing, and Tracking the Intervention 6 Selecting the Appropriate Intervention Strategy 7 Organizational Mission and Program Goals, Objectives, and Activities 8 Designing Effective Programs 9 Designing Effectiveness-Based Information Systems Part IV: Calculating the Value and Cost of the Intervention 10 Performance Measurement, Monitoring, and Program Evaluation 11 Impact Program Evaluation and Hypothesis Testing 12 Budgeting for Financial Control, Management, and Planning 13 Developing Line-Item, Functional, and Program Budgeting Systems

Read more less

Book SynopsisQualitative Research: Analyzing Life, Second Edition presents a fresh approach to teaching and learning qualitative methods for social inquiry—one that focuses on analysis from the very beginning of the text. By exploring qualitative research through a unique analytic lens, then cumulatively elaborating on methods in each successive chapter, this innovative work cultivates a skill set and literacy base that prepares readers to work strategically with empirical materials in their own fieldwork. Johnny Saldaña and Matt Omasta combine clear, accessible writing and analytic insight to show that analysis, in its broadest sense, is a process undertaken throughout the entire research experience. The Second Edition provides a number of updates including more on digital materials and methods, including sentiment analysis of social media data, and ethics in social media research. Resources for instructors and students are available on a website to accompany the book.Table of ContentsList of Displays Preface The Organization and Through-Line of the Book The Coauthors’ Approach To the Instructor Acknowledgments About the Authors Part I. Analyzing Qualitative Data Chapter 1. Introduction: Analyzing Life Learning Objectives Introduction Developing Fundamental Qualitative Analytic Skills On Qualitative Data Analysis—and Life Closure and Transition Resources for an Introduction to Qualitative Analysis Analytic Exercises Sample Data for Analysis Chapter 2. Analyzing Field Sites Learning Objectives Introduction On Culture Observation Settings The Observer’s Frames Field Notes Technical Matters of Fieldwork and Field Notes Analyzing Observations of Social Life Closure and Transition Resources for Participant Observation Analytic Exercises for Participant Observation Sample Field Notes for Analysis Chapter 3. Analyzing Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Learning Objectives Introduction On Values, Attitudes, and Beliefs Analyzing Manifest and Latent Contents The Materials and Meanings of Human Production Analyzing Documents Analyzing Artifacts Analyzing Visual Images Analyzing Digital Materials The Routines, Rituals, Rules, Roles, and Relationships in Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Analytic Exercises for Documents, Artifacts, Visual Images, and Digital Materials Sample Photograph Chapter 4. Analyzing Interviews: Preparing, Conducting, and Transcribing Learning Objectives Introduction Types of Interviews Participant Selection Interview Preparation, Scheduling, and Arrangements Asking Questions Transcribing Closure and Transition Resources for Interviewing Analytic Exercises for Interviewing Chapter 5. Analyzing Interviews: Condensing and Coding Learning Objectives Introduction Interview Condensation Analyzing Interviews Through Codes and Coding Closure and Transition Analytic Exercises for Interviewing Sample Interview Transcript Part II. Analyzing the Framework Chapter 6. Analyzing Qualitative Methodologies Learning Objectives Introduction Theoretical Premises of Qualitative Research A Rationale for Qualitative Research Selected Methodologies of Qualitative Research and Analysis Mixed Methods On Genres Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Qualitative Research Methodologies Analytic Exercises for Qualitative Research Methodologies Supplemental Readings Chapter 7. Analyzing Qualitative Research Design Learning Objectives Introduction Researching and Analyzing the Topic Analyzing the Literature Research Questions Site Selection Participant Selection Data Collection Methods Data Analysis Methods Presentation Modes Timeline Design Conceptual Frameworks Closure and Transition Resources for Analyzing Qualitative Research Design Analytic Exercises for Qualitative Research Design Outline for a Qualitative Research Proposal Chapter 8. Analyzing Research Ethics Learning Objectives Introduction The Rules of Research Institutional Review Boards Researcher and Participant Relationships Ethics in Social Media Research Analyzing Ethical Ambiguity Closure and Transition Resources for Research Ethics Analytic Exercises for Research Ethics Part III. Analytic Assemblage Chapter 9. Analysis to Synthesis: Condensing, Patterning, and Unifying Learning Objectives Introduction On Synthesis Condensing Large Amounts of Data Patterning Textual, Visual, and Digital Materials Unifying Seemingly Different Things Closure and Transition Analytic Exercises for Analysis to Synthesis Chapter 10. Analysis to Synthesis: Understanding, Interpreting, and Theorizing Learning Objectives Introduction Understanding Social Processes of Human Action, Reaction, and Interaction Interpreting the Routines, Rituals, Rules, Roles, and Relationships of Social Life Theorizing CAQDAS On Credibility and Trustworthiness Closure and Transition Resources for Analysis to Synthesis Analytic Exercises for Analysis to Synthesis Sample Data for Analysis to Synthesis Chapter 11. Analytic Write-Ups Learning Objectives Introduction Stylistic Approaches to Research Writing On Writing About the Major Elements of a Study Journal Article Submission and Publication Closure and Transition Resources for Analytic Write-Ups Analytic Exercises for Write-Ups Sample Abstracts for Analysis Chapter 12. Analytic Presentations and Professional Development Learning Objectives Introduction Paper Presentations Poster Presentations Dramatic/Staged Readings Presenting Data Effectively Professional Networking Professional Development Analysis as a Lens, Filter, and Angle on Life Closure Resources for Presenting Qualitative Research and Professional Development as a Qualitative Researcher Analytic Exercises for Presentations and Professional Development Glossary References Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisExploring every stage of the organization development process, in his new edition Donald L. Anderson includes new strategies for change such as appreciative inquiry, world café, and open space. Emphasizing organization development ethics and values in each chapter, the text provides real-world applications and equips students with the tools necessary to thrive in today’s challenging business environment. The new edition features: Expanded coverage of whole organization and multiple-organization interventions, now explored in two chapters, examine large-scale interventions such as culture assessment and change, organization design and structure, and mergers and acquisitions. New discussion questions, exercises, activities, and role-plays allow students to apply and practice OD concepts. New coverage of dialogic approaches to OD (Chapter 13) unpack new strategies like appreciative inquiry, world café, and open space. New examples of global organization development (Chapter 15) help students develop a global perspective of OD. Updated and expanded Instructor Resources include a test bank, PowerPoint presentations, and video resources. Table of ContentsPreface Exercises and Activities Ancillaries Acknowledgements 1. What is Organization Development? 2. History of Organization Development 3. Core Values and Ethics of Organization Development 4. Foundations of Organizational Change 5. The Organization Development Practitioner and the OD Process 6. Entry and Contracting 7. Data Gathering 8. Diagnosis and Feedback 9. An Introduction to Interventions 10. Individual Interventions 11. Team Interventions 12. Whole Organization and Multiple Organization Interventions 13. Organization Culture and Design Interventions 14. Sustanining Change, Evaluating, and Ending an Engagement 15. Global Issues in Organization Development 16. The Future of Organization Development References Author Index Subject Index About the Author

Read more less

Book SynopsisThe Research Experience: Planning, Conducting and Reporting Research, Second Edition is the complete guide to the behavioral science research process. The book covers theoretical research foundations, guiding students through each step of a research project with practical instruction and help. The latest technological tools, such as SurveyMonkey®, Qualtrics®, and Amazon Mechanical Turk®, are included to show the increasing influence of the Internet to conduct studies and how research is conducted in the world today. Taking students through the process from generating ideas for research to writing and presenting findings helps them absorb and apply the material. With its practical emphasis and supporting pedagogy, students will be able to successfully design and execute a research project. Included with this title: The password-protected Instructor Resource Site (formally known as SAGE Edge) offers access to all text-specific resources, including a test bank and editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides.Trade Review"The material reflects current thinking in the field…This textbook does a very thoughtful job of organizing [tables and figures]. [A majority of my students are visual learners]…having all of the tables and figures is greatly appreciated…The focus on presentations and presenting the research is very helpful." "[This] textbook is very copious and thoughtful, without being overwhelming or patronizing…this textbook has a really nice balance and is comfortable to read. Additionally, the figures/tables are very helpful and are great for all learners, especially visual learners." -- Jeannie Stamatakis-Amess"[The key strengths of the text are] the style of writing, the examples, the depth of the information, [and] some chapters are beautifully organized and helpful, [such as writing your research]." -- Michaela PorubanovaTable of ContentsPreface Acknowledgments About the Author Introduction Chapter 1 Research, Biases in Thinking, and the Role of Theories Why Research Matters The Research Process: Humans Make Predictions Heuristics and the Work of Kahneman and Tversky Other Problems in Thinking Doing Science as Tradition and Innovation Research and the Value of Common Sense Flexibility in Thinking Theories: What They Are and Why They Matter Ways in Which Theories May Differ: Scope and Parsimony Making a Connection Between a Theory and a Good Research Question Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 2 Generating and Shaping Ideas: Tradition and Innovation Overview Ideas: Information Services, aka The Library Ideas: Searching Effectively in the Library Electronic Resources and Keywords Keywords: The “Key” to Success PsycINFO Other Databases and Indexes in the Social Sciences The Web and Peer Review Particular Kinds of Articles How Journals Differ: Issues Related to Quality Open Access and Predatory Publishers Publication Practices of Journals Journal Articles Versus Book Chapters Physically Obtaining an Article: A Closer Look at Databases Summary of the Article Locator Search Process Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Systems and World Catalog (WorldCat) What to Do With Your Articles (Read More Than the Abstract!) The Introduction The Method Section The Results Section The Discussion Section: Conflicts and Gaps Keeping Track: ILL, Mendeley, and RefWorks Confounding or Third Variables: Refining the Research Question and Closing the Research Gap Time Pressure and Timelines Academic Fraud and Steps Toward Transparency Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 3 Research Design Approaches and Issues: An Overview Overview Research Quality Affects Research Answers What Research Can Tell You: The Continuum of Certainty Correlation Versus Causation Why Conduct Correlational Research? The Language of Correlation and Causation Correlational Research Approaches: Correlational and Quasi-Experimental Hallmarks of True Experimental Approaches Differentiation of Independent and Dependent Variables Reframing a Research Idea Type I Versus Type II Error Type II Errors: Sample Size, Power, and Effect Size Internal Validity Behavior of the Experimenter and Demand Characteristics Behavior of the Participant: Role Attitude Single- and Double-Blind Approaches to Research Cover Stories Pilot Tests and Manipulation Checks Summary of Additional Threats to Internal Validity External Validity and Ecological Validity Where Research Takes Place Where Qualitative Research Takes Place Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 4 Ethics and the Institutional Review Board (IRB) Process Overview What Is the IRB, and Why Does It Exist? History of Ethical Oversight The APA Code of Ethics What Is Research? What Are Human Subjects? What Kinds of Projects Do Not Require IRB Review? IRB Duties, Membership, and Levels of IRB Review Deception Components of the IRB Proposal Informed Consent Reasonable Person Standard Debriefing Children as a Vulnerable Population: Implications for Research Ethics and Student Participation in Research: Alternatives to the Participant Pool Offering Incentives in Research: Are Incentives Coercive? The IRB Training Modules Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 5 Measurement: Qualities of Measures Overview The Concept of Measurement: Ideal Versus Real The Purpose of Measures Measurement Scale Types Sensitivity of a Scale and Anchor Values The Process of Identifying Measures: The Literature Databases of Tests (PsycTESTS and HaPI) Books of Measures Department Resources and Professors Catalogues of Measures and Fees Charged Qualities of Measures: Reliability and Validity The Importance of Computing Your Own Cronbach’s Alpha Length and Difficulty of Measures Instructions for Scoring Names of Measures and Social Desirability Concerns Qualifications for Use Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 6 Surveys: Developing Measures and Items Overview Developing Your Own Instrument Scale Types and Flexibility in Answering Research Questions The Order of Questions in a Survey Online Survey Software Tools Features of Online Survey Software Programs Program Features Google Docs Forms Downloading Online Surveys Into SPSS Survey Appearance A Few Final Cautions (and Encouragements) About Online Survey Software Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 7 Correlational Research and Specialized Nonexperimental Designs Overview Correlational Research: General Characteristics What Correlational Data Can Tell Us Considerations of Internal and External Validity in Correlational Research Drawbacks to Correlational Approaches Correlational Design: Quasi-Experimental Design (i.e., Questions About Groups) Statistics Used in Correlational Designs Factor Analysis: Data Reduction for Correlations Among Multiple Variables Specialized Nonexperimental Designs Time-Series and Interrupted Time-Series Designs Strengths and Weaknesses of This Approach When Is This Approach Used? Real-World Challenges: Postoccupancy Evaluation (POE) Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Designs Advantages and Disadvantages of the Longitudinal Approach Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cross-Sectional Approach Cohort-Sequential Design Advantages of Using Multiple Methods Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 8 Qualitative Research Overview Qualitative Research Qualitative Research and the Concept of Reflexivity Acceptance of Qualitative Methodology in the Social and Behavioral Sciences Qualitative Approaches to Research How to Capture Behavior: Behavioral Categories How Often and How Long to Observe Calculation of Inter-rater Reliability (IRR) Acceptable Values for Inter-rater Agreement Participant and Nonparticipant Observation and Overt/Covert Observation Ethnography: Extended Observation Issues in Ethnography: Gaining Access Initial Ethnographic Tours Preserving Information Grounded Theory Phenomenology Focus Groups Interviews: Degrees of Structure Recording or Not Case Studies and Case Histories Where Qualitative Meets Quantitative: Content Analysis Summary of Steps in a Content Analysis Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) Qualitative Research and the Emotional Self: A Final Consideration Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 9 Experimental Research: Between-Subjects Designs: Conceptual and Practical Considerations Overview Between-Subjects Designs: What Are They? Characteristics of Between-Subjects Designs: Advantages and Disadvantages Nomenclature Surrounding IVs Sensitivity of IV More on Power, Sample Size, and Power Calculations Number of IVs and Interaction Effects Evaluating an Interaction by Hand Common Types of Between-Subjects Design Matched Group Design Multiple Comparisons Handling Error Variance Summary of Between-Subjects Design Considerations Multiple Dependent Variables (DVs) in a Research Design Practical Considerations: Finding and Creating IVs (Scenarios, Visual Images, Movie Clips, Auditory Clips) Existing Literature: Method Section Visual Images: Manipulating an Image Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Project Update Form Chapter 10 Experimental Research: Within-Subjects Mixed , and Pre–Post Designs: Conceptual and Practical Considerations Overview Characteristics of Within-Subjects Design: Advantages and Disadvantages Types of Research Questions More Commonly Asked in Within-Subjects Designs Counterbalancing ABBA Order Block Randomization Simple and Complex Within-Subjects Designs Adding Complexity to Within-Subjects Designs Mixed Designs Pre–Post Designs: Characteristics Types of Pre–Post Designs Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 11 Recruiting Participants Overview Who Participates in Research: An Overview The Participant Pool: The Workhorse of Social Science Research The Drawbacks to Participant Pools: Concerns About Internal Validity Limits on the Number of Participants Available From Unpaid Participant Pools Keeping Track of Participants: Online Participant Management Systems Practical Issues in Communicating About Recruiting Research on Sensitive Topics and the Role of the IRB Recruiting Off Campus Using Your Personal Connections Using Your Institution’s Connections Bureaucracy Vulnerable Populations in the Community Physical Security Issues in Conducting Research Off Campus Service Learning Courses and Recruiting Participants: Opportunities and Complications Conflicts of Interest and Multiple Relationships Dustin’s Dozen: Tips for Collecting Data in the Field Identifying Information Other Sources of Participants: The Online Approach Online Use of Adverts (Advertisements) Versus Snowball Samples Ethical Issues in Online Environments: The Facebook Emotional Contagion Study Sampling Nonresponse Bias and Threats to Internal Validity Nonresponse and Nonresponse Bias Response Rates and Reporting Them Incentives: Practical Issues Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk): The World Awaits Questions of Validity in Using Amazon MTurk Google Consumer Surveys Online Paid Panels Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 12 Organizing Data and Analyzing Results Overview Paper and Online Surveys: An Overview The Importance of Labeling Labeling in a Data File and Deciding on a Coding System Other Labeling Recommendations Labeling Issues in Online Survey Software Entering Individual Items Versus Item Totals Backing Up Data Dealing With Missing Data: Differing Points of View Replacing Missing Data Through Single Value Imputation Some Recommendations for Missing Data Identifying Missing Data Handling Out-of-Range Values Handling Outliers Manipulation Checks Going Fishing and Other Data Dredging Practices Ethics, Cleaning Up, and Reporting Your Data: Final Comments Preliminary Analyses Significance Levels and p Values: What Are They? Transforming and Selecting Data: Useful Commands in SPSS Summary of Data Organization Steps Evaluating Your Hypotheses: Where to Begin Making Use of Free Response Items Additional Aids: Online Calculators and Word Clouds Other Statistical Software Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Chapter 13 Writing and Presenting Your Research Overview Writing: One Section at a Time Writing: Avoiding Plagiarism Writing: Bias-Free Language The Writing Itself: Clear and Simple The “Shape” of Your Paper Title Page, Authorship, and Author Note The Title of the Paper and Its Importance The Abstract The Introduction: Content The Method Section Writing About Results Discussion Nonsignificant Results: What Can You Say? Statistical Versus Practical Significance General Formatting Issues: Mastering APA Style Presenting Numbers: The Short Story Common Grammatical Mistakes Creating Conference Presentations Summary Practice Quiz Build Your Skills Highly Recommended Papers Appendices Glossary References

Read more less

Book SynopsisFrom award-winning author Andrew M. Pomerantz comes the Fifth edition of Clinical Psychology: Science, Practice, and Diversity, providing students with an inclusive and culturally competent view of the vast world of clinical psychology. Through lively examples, robust scholarship, and a highly readable narrative, the author explores the key topics of clinical assessment, psychotherapy, and ethical and professional issues while also incorporating discussions of current controversies and specialized topics. The Fifth edition includes a new career-focused feature, videos addressing ethical issues, and updates to the latest research findings in the field. The Fifth Edition of this best-selling book is an essential resource for students in the classroom and beyond.Table of ContentsPreface About the Author PART I. INTRODUCING CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 1. Clinical Psychology: Definition and Training What is Clinical Psychology? Education and Training in Clinical Psychology Professional Activities and Employment Settings How Are Clinical Psychologists Different From . . . Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 2. Evolution of Clinical Psychology Origins of the Field Early Pioneers Lightner Witmer and the Creation of Clinical Psychology Assessment Psychotherapy Development of the Profession Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 3. Current Controversies in Clinical Psychology Prescription Privileges Evidence-Based Practice/Manualized Therapy Overexpansion of Mental Disorders Payment Methods: Third-Party Payment Versus Self-Payment The Influence of Technology: Telepsychology and More Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 4. Diversity and Cultural Issues in Clinical Psychology The Rise of Multiculturalism in Clinical Psychology Cultural Competence Are We All Alike? Or All Different? What Constitutes a Culture? Training Psychologists in Cultural Issues An Example of Culture Influencing the Clinical Context: The Parent–Child Relationship Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 5. Ethical and Professional Issues in Clinical Psychology American Psychological Association Code of Ethics Confidentiality Informed Consent Boundaries and Multiple Relationships Competence Ethics in Clinical Assessment Ethics in Clinical Research Contemporary Ethical Issues Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 6. Conducting Research in Clinical Psychology Why Do Clinical Psychologists Do Research? How Do Clinical Psychologists Do Research? Ethical Issues in Research in Clinical Psychology Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources PART II. ASSESSMENT 7. Diagnosis and Classification Issues: DSM-5 and More Defining Normality and Abnormality Diagnosis and Classification of Mental Disorders: A Brief History Alternative Directions in Diagnosis and Classification Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 8. The Clinical Interview The Interviewer Components of the Interview Pragmatics of the Interview Types of Interviews Cultural Components Chapter Summary Key Terms Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 9. Intellectual and Neuropsychological Assessment Intelligence Testing Achievement Testing Neuropsychological Testing Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 10. Personality Assessment and Behavioral Assessment Multimethod Assessment Evidence-Based Assessment Culturally Competent Assessment Objective Personality Tests Projective Personality Tests Behavioral Assessment Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources PART III. PSYCHOTHERAPY 11. General Issues in Psychotherapy Does Psychotherapy Work? Efficacy Versus Effectiveness of Psychotherapy Which Type of Psychotherapy Is Best? What Types of Psychotherapy Do Clinical Psychologists Practice? Denise: A Fictional Client to Consider From Multiple Perspectives Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 12. Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Defining Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Goal of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Psychosexual Stages: Clinical Implications More Contemporary Forms of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy How Well Does It Work? Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 13. Humanistic Psychotherapy Humanistic Concepts: Clinical Implications Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy Elements of Humanistic Psychotherapy Reflection: An Important Therapist Response Alternatives to Humanism How Well Does It Work? Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 14. Behavior Therapy Origins of Behavior Therapy Goal of Behavior Therapy Two Types of Conditioning Techniques Based on Classical Conditioning Techniques Based on Operant Conditioning Alternatives to Behavior Therapy How Well Does It Work? Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 15. Cognitive Psychotherapy and Mindfulness-Based Therapies Goal of Cognitive Therapy Two Approaches to Cognitive Therapy Recent Applications of Cognitive Therapy How Well Does It Work? Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 16. Group and Family Therapy Group Therapy Family Therapy Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources PART IV. SPECIAL TOPICS 17. Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology Psychological Issues of Childhood Assessment of Children and Adolescents Psychotherapy With Children and Adolescents Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 18. Health Psychology Definitions: Health Psychology Versus Behavioral Medicine Stress Stress and Physical Illness Stress and Coping Social Support Clinical Applications A Trend in Health Psychology: Patient-Centered Medical Homes Cultural Factors in Health Psychology Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Questions Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources 19. Forensic Psychology Definition and History Forensic Activities of Clinical Psychologists Chapter Summary Key Terms and Names Critical Thinking Question Looking Toward Graduate Programs Key Journals Student Study Site Resources Glossary References Author Index Subject Index

Read more less

Book SynopsisNeil J. Salkind’s best-selling Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics has been helping ease student anxiety around an often intimidating subject since it first published in 2000. Now the bestselling SPSS and Excel versions are joined by a first edition of the text for use with the R software. New co-author Leslie A. Shaw carries forward Neil’s signature humorous, personable, and informative approach. The text guides students through various statistical procedures, beginning with descriptive statistics, correlation, and graphical representation of data, and ending with inferential techniques and analysis of variance. Features and benefits: · Lots of support for getting started with R: Included are two introductory chapters on R and on R Studio, plus an appendix on other R packages and resource sites. · Step-by-step demonstrations of each statistical procedure in R: The authors show how to import the dataset, enter the syntax to run the test, and understand the output. · Additional resources make it easy to transition to this text, and to R: Code and datasets are available on an accompanying website, which also includes screencast R tutorial videos for students, and PowerPoint slides and additional test questions for instructors.Table of ContentsPreface Acknowledgements About the Authors Part I Yippee! I’m in Statistics Chapter 1. Statistics or Sadistics? It’s Up to You What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Statistics? A 5-Minute History of Statistics Statistics: What it is and Isn’t What am I doing in a Statistics Class? Ten Ways to Use this Book (and Learn Statistics at the Same Time) Key to Difficulty Icons Glossary Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Part II Welcome to the Interesting, Flexible, Useful, Fun and (Very) Deep Worlds of R and RStudio Chapter 2. Here’s Why We Love R and How to Get Started What You Will Learn in This Chapter A Very Short History of R The Plusses of Using R Where to Find and Download R The Opening R Screen A Note About Formatting Bunches of Data – Free! Getting R Help Some Important Lingo RStudio Where to Find RStudio and How to Install It Ordering from RStudio Summary Time to Practice Chapter 3. Using RStudio: Much Easier Than You Think What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why RStudio (and Why Not Just R?) The Grand Tour and All About Those Four Panes RStudio Pane Goodies Showing Your Stuff – Working With Menus and Tabs and A Sample Data Analysis Using RStudio Working with Data Next Step: Using and Importing Datasets Reading in Established Datasets Computing Some Statistics Summary Time to Practice Part III Sigma Freud and Descriptive Statistics Chapter 4. Means to an End: Computing and Understanding Averages What You Will Learn in This Chapter What You Will Learn in This Chapter Computing the Mean Computing the Median Computing the Mode When to Use What Measure of Central Tendency (and All You Need to Know About Scales of Measurement for Now) Using the Computer to Compute Descriptive Statistics Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 5. Understanding Variability: Vive la Différence What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Understanding Variability is Important Computing the Range Computing the Standard Deviation Computing the Variance Using R to Compute Measures of Variability Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 6. Creating Graphs: A Picture Really Is Worth a Thousand Words What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Illustrate Data? Ten Ways to a Great Graphic First Things First: Creating a Frequency Distribution The Plot Thickens: Creating a Histogram The Next Step: A Frequency Polygon Other Cool Ways to Chart Data Using the Computer (R, That Is) to Illustrate Data Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 7. Computing Correlation Coefficients: Ice Cream and Crime What You Will Learn in This Chapter What are Correlations All About? Computing a Simple Correlation Coefficient Understanding What the Correlation Coefficient Means A Determined Effort: Squaring the Correlation Coefficient Other Cool Correlations Parting Ways: A Bit About Partial Correlations Summary Time to Practice Chapter 8: Understanding Reliability and Validity: Just the Truth What You Will Learn in This Chapter An Introduction to Reliability and Validity Reliability: Doing it Again Until You Get it Right Different Types of Reliability How Big is Big? Finally: Interpreting Reliability Coefficients Validity: Whoa! What is the Truth? A Last Friendly Word Validity and Reliability: Really Close Cousins Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Part IV Taking Chances for Fun and Profit Chapter 9. Hypotheticals and You: Testing Your Questions What You Will Learn in This Chapter So You Want to Be a Scientist Samples and Populations The Null Hypothesis The Research Hypothesis What Makes a Good Hypothesis? Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 10. Probability and Why It Counts: Fun with a Bell-Shaped Curve What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter Why Probability? The Normal Curve (A.K.A The Bell-Shaped Curve) Our Favorite Standard Score Fat and Skinny Frequency Distributions Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Part IV Significantly Different: Using Inferential Statistics Chapter 11. Significantly Significant: What It Means for You and Me What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter The Concept of Significance Significance Versus Meaningfulness An Introduction to Inferential Statistics An Introduction to Tests of Significance Be Even More Confident Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice 12. The One-Sample Z-Test: Only the Lonely What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter Introduction to the One-Sample Z-Test The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the Z-Test Statistic Using R to Perform a Z-Test Special Effects: Are Those Differences for Real? Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 13. t(ea) for Two: Tests Between the Means of Different Groups What You’ll Learn About in This Chapter Introduction to the t-test for Independent Samples The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the t-Test Statistic Using R to Perform a t-Test Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice 14. t(ea) for Two (Again): Tests Between the Means of Related Groups What You’ll Learn About in This Chapter Introduction of the t-Test for Dependent Samples The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the t-Test Statistic Using R to Perform a t-Test The Effect Size for t(ea) for Two (Again) Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 15. Two Groups Too Many? Try Analysis of Variance Introduction to Analysis of Variance The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Different Flavors of ANOVA Computing the F-test Statistic Using R to Compute the F Ratio The Effect Size for One-Way ANOVA But Where is the Difference? Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 16. Two Too Many Factors: Factorial Analysis of Variance—A Brief Introduction What You’ll Learn About in This Chapter Introduction to Factorial Analysis of Variance The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge A New Flavor of ANOVA All of These Effects Even More Interesting Interaction Effects Using R to Compute the F Ratio Computing the Effect Size for Factorial ANOVA Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Chapter 17. Testing Relationships Using the Correlation Coefficient: Cousins or Just Good Friends? What You’ll Learn About in This Chapter Introduction to Testing the Correlation Coefficient The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the Test Statistic Using R to Compute a Correlation Coefficient (Again) Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice 18. Using Linear Regression: Predicting the Future What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter Introduction to Linear Regression What is Prediction All About? The Logic of Prediction Drawing the World’s Best Line (for Your Data) How Good is Your Prediction? Using R to Compute the Regression Line The More Predictors the Better? Maybe Real World Stats Summary Time to Practice Part VI More Statistics! More Tools! More Fun! Chapter 19. Chi-Square and Some Other Nonparametric Tests: What to Do When You’re Not Normal What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter Introduction toe Nonparametric Statistics Introduction to the Goodness of Fit (One-Sample) Chi-Square Computing the Goodness of Fit Chi-Square Test Statistic Introduction to the Test of Independence Chi-Square Computing the Test of Independence Chi-Square Test Statistic Using R to Perform Chi-Square Tests Summary Time to Practice 20. Some Other (Important) Statistical Procedures You Should Know About: A Statistical Software Sampler What You’ll Learn About in this Chapter Multivariate Analysis of Variance Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance Analysis of Covariance Multiple Regression Multilevel Models Meta-Analysis Logistic Regression Factor Analysis Path Analysis Structural Equation Modeling Summary Appendix A: More Fun Stuff with R and RStudio Appendix B: Tables Appendix C: Data Sets Appendix D: Answers to Practice Questions Appendix E: Math: Just the Basics Appendix F: The Ten (or More) Best (and Most Fun) Internet Sites for Statistics Stuff Appendix G: The Ten Commandments of Data Collection Appendix H: Glossary Appendix I: The Reward Index

Read more less