Search results for ""taylor francis inc""

Epidemiological studies have estimated that approximately 35 percent of cancers are potentially avoidable by nutritional modification. These modifications include strategies such as caloric restriction and limitation of specific macro-nutrient groups. However, recent research indicates that what you eat may well be just as important as what you shun when it comes to avoiding cancer, especially colon, breast, and prostate cancers, which have become epidemic in the Western hemisphere.Nutrition and Cancer Prevention brings together the top experts in nutritive health who present significant evidence that specific dietary micronutrients have the potential to play a role in resisting cancer, modulating its development, or reducing tumor metastasis. As a way of introduction, the book updates the descriptive epidemiology of the major cancers of the Western world, and then discusses the likely mechanisms of action that occur when certain essential nutrients become diet staples. The text moves on to explore the scientific evidence, looking at the various properties of each class of micronutrient, chapter by chapter. These classes include vitamins; minerals, particularly calcium and selenium; phytosterols and polyphenols, which are found in soy and green tea; isothiocyanates found in broccoli, kale, and other cruciferous vegetables; and specialized dietary lipids, including omega-3 fatty acids, linoleic acid, and sphingolipids. The book also dedicates chapters to the roles that obesity and excessive alcohol consumption play in cancer development. “…we can hope to utilize nutritional interventions to slow the progression of tumor development in the intraepithelial hyperplasia phase before tumor size becomes large enough for diagnosis and probability of metastasis increases. Opportunity exists to stretch this prevention phase so that symptom-free life of the future patient with cancer is prolonged.” --from Chapter 2, How Dietary Components Protect fro

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A number of developments spanning a multitude of techniques makes this an exciting time for research in serotonin receptors. A comprehensive review of the subject from a multidisciplinary perspective, Serotonin Receptors in Neurobiology is among the first books to include information on serotonin receptor knockout studies. With contributions from leading experts in their fields, the book explores serotonin receptors from a broad-based, multidisciplinary approach. The approaches described vary from molecular biological techniques to fluorescence microscopy and imaging, to genetic manipulation in animal models, providing a wide range of tools to study serotonergic phenomena. While each of these approaches has its own advantages and limitations, the synthesis of information and knowledge achieved from studies using multiple approaches will result in a comprehensive understanding of the underlying complex phenomena involved in serotonergic signaling and its implications in health and disease. The book provides an overall understanding of these receptors based on currently used methodologies and techniques. It describes specific experimental procedures that will be of use to researchers interested in addressing similar problems involving other G-protein-coupled receptor signaling systems.

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Scientists and engineers have made significant advances over the last two decades to achieve feasible, cost-efficient processes for the large-scale production of alternative, environmentally friendly sources of energy. Alcoholic Fuels describes the latest methods for producing fuels containing varying percentages of alcohol alongside the various applications they benefit, including combustion engines, fuel cells, and miniature power generators.Written by experts and innovators in the field,the chapters address the development and application of all alcoholic fuels, from production to end use. The first section of the book examines the production of methanol, ethanol, and butanol from several biomass sources, including corn, wood, and landfill waste. The second section explores blended fuels, such as E10, E85, and E-Diesel, and the third section focuses on applications of the different alcohol fuel types, including fuel cells, reformers, and generators. The book concludes with a discussion of the future production, use, and impact of alcohol-based fuels on society. Alcoholic Fuels provides a timely and practical source of information for chemists, engineers, and scientists working with alternative energy sources as well as managers, policymakers, and consumers considering the use and implementation of alcoholic fuels in automobiles and other energy conversion devices.

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These three volumes present essential engineering technologies most often used for design and evaluation of the best practices in agricultural production and postharvest processing operations. The choices, requirements, procedures, and expected performances are expertly supported with equations, data tables, illustrations, charts, graphs, and data conversion factors for SI units. Written by highly qualified and experienced agricultural engineers, the chapters emphasize field machines and practices, irrigation engineering, drainage and erosion control, and waste management. Also included is information on electrical systems and electric motors, design of structures, ventilation and lighting systems, and livestock and poultry production. This volume is especially written for engineers of all types, agricultural scientists, extension specialists, ag-industry managers, and engineering students. VOLUME I: CROP PRODUCTION ENGINEERINGVOLUME II: SOIL AND WATER ENGINEERINGVOLUME II

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The concept of transmitting information from one chaotic system to another derives from the observation of the synchronization of two chaotic systems. Having developed two chaotic systems that can be synchronized, scientists can modulate on one phase signal the information to be transmitted, and subtract (demodulate) the information from the corresponding phase signal of the coupled chaotic system.Chaos Applications in Telecommunications demonstrates this technique in various applications of communication systems. This book details methods of transmitting information at much higher levels of security than what is available by current techniques. Following a detailed introduction, the book demonstrates how chaotic signals are generated and transmitted. It then details the design of chaotic transmitters and receivers, and describes chaos-based modulation and demodulation techniques. The text describes how a chaos-based spreading sequence outperforms classical pseudorandom sequences in selective and nonselective channels. It also develops channel equalization techniques designed for chaotic communications systems by applying knowledge of systems dynamics, linear time-invariant representations of chaotic systems, and symbolic dynamics representations of chaotic systems. The final chapter explains a specific application for optical communications.This volume provides the essential information for those who want an integrated view of how an established concept such as chaos can open new roads in the communications and security fields.

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Recognition that aging is not the accumulation of disease, but rather comprises fundamental biological processes that are amenable to experimental study, is the basis for the recent growth of experimental biogerontology. As increasingly sophisticated studies provide greater understanding of what occurs in the aging brain and how these changes occur, new possibilities emerge for limiting the effects of aging on neural function. A single source reference is necessary to keep abreast of the recent advances and future directions of gerontology research. Brain Aging: Models, Methods, and Mechanisms offers a selective overview of the research in this rapidly expanding field. A valuable resource for new and established investigators of the aging brain, this volume reviews critical studies of brain aging in new animal models, as well as advances in brain imaging techniques that permit investigations in aging humans with increasingly higher resolution. Detailed discussions link the information from human and animal studies to illustrate a comprehensive picture of the mechanism of aging. Emphasizing normal brain aging rather than pathological degeneration, the text provides an understanding of fundamental age-related changes in the nervous system and hypothesis-driven research into their basis. The book includes critical analyses of the distinct methodological challenges inherent in investigating the aging nervous system. Contributions from distinguished leaders and pioneers in their respective fields address data and mechanisms, as well as models and methods that are key to the study of aging. Each chapter is extensively referenced and highlights experimental concerns that are magnified or unique to the aging brain. Outlining relevant methods and techniques, this book provides scientists, researchers, and clinicians with a broad understanding of the important progress and implications for the future of this significant field.

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Fuzzy control methods are critical for meeting the demands of complex nonlinear systems. They bestow robust, adaptive, and self-correcting character to complex systems that demand high stability and functionality beyond the capabilities of traditional methods. A thorough treatise on the theory of fuzzy logic control is out of place on the design bench. That is why Fuzzy Controller Design: Theory and Applications offers laboratory- and industry-tested algorithms, techniques, and formulations of real-world problems for immediate implementation. With surgical precision, the authors carefully select the fundamental elements of fuzzy logic control theory necessary to formulate effective and efficient designs. The book supplies a springboard of knowledge, punctuated with examples worked out in MATLAB®/SIMULINK®, from which newcomers to the field can dive directly into applications. It systematically covers the design of hybrid, adaptive, and self-learning fuzzy control structures along with strategies for fuzzy controller design suitable for on-line and off-line operation. Examples occupy an entire chapter, with a section devoted to the simulation of an electro-hydraulic servo system. The final chapter explores industrial applications with emphasis on techniques for fuzzy controller implementation and different implementation platforms for various applications.With proven methods based on more than a decade of experience, Fuzzy Controller Design: Theory and Applications is a concise guide to the methodology, design steps, and formulations for effective control solutions.

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Traditionally perceived as a high-fat, high-calorie food best avoided or consumed only in moderation, tree nuts have come into their own. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies provide evidence that frequent nut consumption is associated with favorable plasma lipid profiles, reduced risk of coronary heart disease, certain types of cancer, stroke, atherosclerosis, type-2 diabetes, inflammation, and several other chronic diseases. Drawing on contributions from experts based in industry and academia Tree Nuts: Composition, Phytochemicals, and Health discusses the results of state-of-the-art research on different aspects of tree nut compositions, phytochemicals, and their health effects. Explore New Research on Health Effects of Tree NutsThe book examines popular tree nuts, together with chestnut and heart nut, and describes each one’s compositional and lipid characteristics, phytochemicals, and health effects. It also briefly examines the chemical composition of acorn nut, beech nut, coconut, and hickory. The volume provides a comprehensive assessment of allergens and anti-aflatoxigenic activity of phytochemicals, and sphingolipids and health benefits of tree nuts as well as their flavor and volatile compounds. The contributors include coverage of the bioactives and phytochemicals of tree nut by-productswhen the information is available.Complete, Comprehensive, and Up-to-Date CoverageWith its distinguished, international panel of contributors and expert editorial guidance, this book provides coverage that is both comprehensive and authoritative. The information presented is an excellent starting point for further research into the uses, processing, and marketing of tree nuts and tree nut by-products.

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With the successful mapping of the human genome, we have entered an age of unprecedented opportunity in which researchers are beginning to apply this vast repository of knowledge to the treatment of human disease. Gene-profiling technologies and the concept of individualized medicine are leading to the development of drugs with enhanced specificity. This promises to lead to more effective treatment of diseases with reduced risk of side effects.Gene Profiling in Drug Design provides insights from leaders in the pure sciences, biotechnology, and other arenas. It emphasizes the science that underpins gene profiling and drug development, and also includes clinical and ethical perspectives from experts in those fields. These explore the broadest health and social implications for this exciting field of science and discovery. The book begins with a discussion of the future clinical impact of genetic diagnosis and gene-based drug therapies. Virally encoded MicroRNA is reviewed, as well as the development of gene-profile-responsive antisense agents. Gene profiles are studied with respect to drug development and cancer research. RNA viruses and RNA-based drugs are also examined. Finally, ethical considerations of this groundbreaking technology are explored. The information presented in this volume provides readers with a greater understanding of the processes and technologies in gene-profile based drug design. Technologies are discussed in sufficient detail so that drug developers can use the book as a general desk reference. It also provides physicians with an important survey of emerging technologies. This book is edited by Brett A. Lidbury and Suresh Mahalingam, noted scientists from the Centre for Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences at the University of Canberra in Australia. They bring together the wisdom of numerous experts to discuss the powerful ways that these new genetic technologies can save lives and improve health.

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Handbook of Animal Models in Transplantation Research is a new surgical handbook that provides detailed information concerning the transplantation of a variety of tissues in experimental animals. The text provides a practical guide for experienced investigators to develop new surgical transplantation models for application in a laboratory setting. Each chapter gives consistent descriptions of the anatomical considerations, the surgical model, and potential applications of the procedure. The organ systems covered include the heart and/or lung, liver, small bowel, kidneys, and bone marrow. The species selected for representation of each experimental model is based upon the usefulness and frequency of the model for studies in transplantation research. This book is important for all experimental surgeons, transplantation biologists, and students of surgical research.

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As radiological residue, both naturally occurring and technologically driven, works its way through the ecosystem, we see its negative effects on the human population. Radionuclide Concentrations in Food and the Environment addresses the key issues concerning the relationship between natural and manmade sources of environmental radioactivity, their transportation through the ecosystem, and the subsequent radionuclide concentrations in foods and the human population. The book discusses the negative effects of environmental radioactivity on plants and animals, as well as the effects of radiocontaminated food on human health, and perspectives for transfer prevention.Beginning with the fundamentals of matter and the behavior of particles, the text lays a solid foundation for discussions on the source of radionuclides and their concentrations in air, water, and soil. Using predictive modeling, the authors examine the transfer of radionuclides through ecosystems and their effects on individual substances. The book provides up-to-date information on monitoring programs and legislation, detailed descriptions of detection systems, and evaluations of safety protocols in radioanalytical laboratories and in food processing. The authors devote considerable attention to the nuclear and radiological terrorist threat, illicit trafficking and masking of radioactive materials, event scenarios, and radiological forensics.

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Explaining what CWDM is, how it is achieved, and why it should be deployed, Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing: Technologies and Applications merges coverage of isolated aspects of Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) traditionally found as device-related or specific system topics. Emphasizing cost savings and performance enhancement, the book integrates information on component issues, system architectures, concepts for extensions and upgrades, as well as practical applications into a comprehensive, single-volume resource.Beginning with a summary of the ITU-T standards defining CWDM, the book addresses the three essential component classes, optical fibers, transceivers, and WDM filters, which combine to form the basis for the CWDM transmission link. The following chapters include coverage of different architectures such as hubbed rings and meshed networks, and upgrade paths to overcome limitations of current CWDM systems. The book outlines the feasibility of optically amplified CWDM systems, investigates the challenges present with high-speed CWDM and bidirectional transmission, and finally elucidates the importance of CWDM for a wide range of applications. Each chapter provides sufficient information to be used independently and contains references to relevant papers and articles for further study. The last sections of the book focus on applications and case studies where CWDM plays an ever-increasing role. They include extensive studies on networking, reach extension by amplification, and the latest concepts of transmission capacity upgrades using increased bit-rates or new channel plans. Filled with practical information, the book provides a clear understanding of recent developments in the dynamic field of CWDM.

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There is an estimated 2.5 million epileptics in the US and perhaps some 40 million worldwide. As research has become increasingly molecular in scope, fewer scientists are trained in the US on basic, integrated epilepsy techniques. One frustration in neuroscience today is the application of state-of-the-art molecular biology techniques to inappropriate animal models of epilepsy - frequently resulting in inconclusive results. Epilepsy research will be increasingly undertaken by scientists well-trained in reductionist methodology, but who may be unfamiliar with integrated, whole-animal techniques. This situation appears even more difficult considering there has been no updated textbook on experimental models of epilepsy over the last twenty years - until now.Neuropharmacology Methods in Epilepsy Research describes fundamental methodologies and procedures in this field, representing the only detailed text concerning experimental models of epilepsy published in the last 20 years. This guide studies the reproduction of well-characterized and readily interpretable experimental models of epilepsy to which state-of-the-art molecular biology techniques can be applied.Each chapter features:Introduction - providing a brief background and historical account of the techniques and their use Methodology - describing equipment, solutions, species, electrodes as well as considering variations of techniques and stimulation parameters Interpretations - demonstrating the relevance of techniques to epilepsy as well as describing what exactly is being studied and how the data is appropriately applied to understanding epilepsyTopics include electroshock, chemoconvulsions, kindling, audiogenic seizures, focal seizures, and brain slice preparations.Discussions also include: Recently developed seizure models, including status epilepticus and massed trial simulations Influence of circadian and diurnal rhythms on convulsive activity Behavior al and cognitive deficits associated with anticonvulsant drug testing Technical approaches, i.e. slice models, microdialysis techniques, intracranial implant surgery, audiogenic seizure testing, kindling paradigms, and the rhythmic nature of seizuresThis unique text provides a thorough reference for the diverse methodologies within this area of neuropharmacological research - providing the basis for on-going cellular and molecular investigations as well as novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of epilepsy.

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Increasing competitive pressure for improved quality and efficiency on one hand and tightening emissions and operating requirements on the other leave the modern process engineer squeezed in the middle. While effective modeling can help balance these demands, the current literature offers overly theoretical treatments on modeling that do not translate quickly and easily to the immediate needs of the practicing engineer.Based on more than a quarter-century of experience, Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach introduces an approach to semi-empirical combustion modeling for better control, optimization, prediction, and description of industrial combustion processes. First, the author provides an introduction to modeling, the basic model categories, and analytical methods followed by an introduction to combustion that includes equipment and mathematical modeling. Next, he introduces the concepts and procedures of experimental design and provides detailed discussion on how to analyze non-ideal data. The final chapter draws together the previous information to clearly demonstrate the construction of semi-empirical models. Fully worked examples and step-by-step derivations support the discussion along the way, and the book also includes a complete guide to nomenclature and supplies appendices for important physical and chemical properties, conversions, statistical tables, and much more. Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach provides concrete answers to real problems and is tailor-made to suit the needs of practicing engineers.

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The Need for Professional CompetenceFor all the attention given to the forensic sciences in the media and the law, there is a glaring deficiency in the promotion of standards of competence. In the midst of fascinating scientific advances in the field, forensic science still suffers embarrassments from highly publicized scientific controversies and shoddy or fraudulent practices. The enactment of the Daubert ruling, which questions the qualification of a scientific “expert”, demonstrates the courts’ attempt to regulate a profession that ought to be self-regulating. Libraries of books on technique can do nothing to promote forensic science without common governing standards of practice that ensures professional competence. Common Ground The first book of its kind, Ensuring Competent Performance in Forensic Practice: Recovery, Analysis, Interpretation, and Reporting promotes a common understanding of competence and demonstrates the application of standards and practice in all aspects of forensic science. Authors Fereday and Hadley, esteemed forensic scientists with forty and fifty years experience respectively, address the method and benefit of establishing occupational standards for collection of evidence, interpretation of scientific analysis, and appropriate methods of testimony. Training and Assessment The authors stress the standardization of proper training and testing procedures to ensure that every scientist employed in public and private practice has the credentials they require. They give clear guidelines for effective training programs based on occupational standards that support the development of competent practitioners. The book examines the importance of workplace assessments of competence against occupational standards and emphasizes the role and quality of those involved in the assessment process. The authors include several case studies demonstrating competence in practice and the methods to ensure consistent high standards in the future.

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A panel of renowned experts from around the world contributed to this authoritative handbook that covers the essential aspects of this most dynamic field of communications and networking activity. Edited by Dr. Kornel Terplan and Patricia Morreale - well known authorities in telecommunications- this important new handbook provides basic principles and definitions, details the tremendous advances in technology, outlines implementation techniques, and discusses the outstanding issues and key challenges faced by communications and networking specialists.The telecommunications topics addressed include:o Basic principles o Services on broadband networks o Signal processing and coding schemes o Mobile and wireless networks o DSL technologies o Digital video and multimedia o Quality of service o Regulation o Standards o Emerging technologiesExhaustive in scope and packed with diagrams, tables, and illustrations, The Telecommunications Handbook is an indispensable, detailed reference for engineers, analysts, managers, and students involved in a wide range of telecommunication and networking activities.

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Handbook of Chromatography: Analysis of Lipids provides a valuable review of state-of-the-art applications of chromatographic techniques (TLC, GC, HPLC) and other analytical techniques. Much of this volume is devoted to applications of HPLC (including supercritical fluid chromatography) in the analysis of lipids such as fatty acids, oxygenated fatty acids, enantiomeric acyl- and alkylglycerols, and lipoproteins. The handbook also provides extensive coverage of applications of combinations of various chromatographic techniques used in the analysis of ozonides, anacardic acids, glycerophospholipids, products of lipolysis, artifacts and contaminants in edible fats, acylated proteins, non-caloric lipids, lipophilic vitamins, acyl-Coenzyme A thioesters, dolichols, mycolic acids, technical fats and fat products, and liposomes. Handbook of Chromatography: Analysis of Lipids will be a useful reference for oil chemists, biochemists, fat science technologists, and other scientists involved in lipid research.

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While remote sensing gives a surface depiction of the world, its recent convergence with GIS enables richer depictions that can be used to simulate physical processes, identify trends, and make more accurate predictions. GeoDynamics is based on specialized lectures from an international field of experts, addressing remote sensing, spatially distributed modeling of land surface processes, and urban dynamics as part of the GeoComputation conference. It focuses on this symbiotic relationship in a detailed discussion of both remote sensing and spatially distributed dynamic modeling. The book analyzes recent developments in assembling geographical information such as: the ubiquitous deployment of portable measurement devices enabled with global positioning technology and its impact on the field; the management, benefits, and challenges of modeling dynamic processes in three dimensions; the implications of temporal granularity of simulations to predictions; and the appropriate representation of human factors in GIS. It illustrates the importance of incorporating interdisciplinary sciences to hone GIS capabilities, the advantage of sharing data and representations, and effective communication through visualization. This book establishes how these integrated technologies have become a central part of building spatial representations.GeoDynamics is a lasting record of this groundbreaking conference and a valuable contribution to the growing literature on GeoDynamics for academics and practitioners alike.

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Managing sites contaminated with munitions constituents is an international challenge. Although the choice of approach and the use of Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) tools may vary from country to country, the assurance of quality and the direction of ecotoxicological research are universally recognized as shared concerns. Drawing on a multidisciplinary team of contributors, Ecotoxicology of Explosives provides comprehenisve and critical reviews available to date on fate, transport, and effects of explosives. The book delineates the state of the science of the ecotoxicology of explosives, past, present, and recently developed. It reviews the accessible fate and ecotoxicological data for energetic materials (EMs) and the methods for their development. The chapters characterize the fate of explosives in the environment, then provide information on their ecological effects in key environmental media, including aquatic, sedimentary, and terrestrial habitats. The book also discusses approaches for assembling these lines of evidence for risk assessment purposes. The chapter authors have critically examined the peer-reviewed literature to identify and prioritize the knowledge gaps and to recommend future areas of research. The editors include a review of the genotoxic effects of the EMs and the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of these chemicals. They also discuss the transport, transformation, and degradation pathways of these chemicals in the environment that underlie the potential hazardous impact and bioaccumulation of EMs in different terrestrial and aquatic ecologiocal receptors. This information translates into practical applications for the environmental risk assessment of EM-contaminated sites and into recommendations for the sustainable use of defense installations.

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The first edition of James Putney’s Calcium Signaling offered readers a comprehensive view of the fascinating diversity of technologies that the new field of calcium signaling employed. And while that work is still regarded as a premier text on the basics of calcium signaling, progress has been so dramatic that an update is now required.In Calcium Signaling, Second Edition, Putney focuses on those processes that generate calcium signals to compile the first comprehensive exploration of calcium signaling research from a methodological standpoint. This new edition deals with methods for studying calcium from a variety of perspectives. Several chapters discuss calcium indicators and other tools, and look at microscopic and electrophysiological techniques, as well as other special methodological aspects of calcium signaling research. Other chapters examine the study of different systems, ranging from those found in yeast to those found in mammals, and several more are devoted to the cellular and molecular basis for calcium signaling, including explorations of receptors, calcium pumps, apoptosis, and drug delivery. Once again, Putney has called upon top researchers from across the globe to contribute their expertise. Several new chapters have been added and in many cases, where chapters from the first edition were retained, new researchers were recruited to offer a fresh perspective. As calcium signaling involves such a breadth of technical approaches and a wide range of applications, this work contains invaluable information for established researchers, as well as those graduate students and scientists just beginning to find a direction in cellular calcium signaling.

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A close relationship exists between GIS and numerous applications, including cartography, photogrammetry, geodesy, surveying, computer and information science, and statistics, among others. Scientists coined the term "geographic information science (GIScience)" to describe the theory behind these fields. A Research Agenda for Geographic Information Science extensively details the issues and fundamental scientific problems that must be solved if the use of GIS in these and other fields is to advance.Immediately following the founding of the University Consortium for Geographic Information Science (UCGIS), the group identified in a Research Agenda the topics that represented major challenges to the GIS research community. The first chapter of this book delivers an introduction to the agenda and to the collective guidance that the agenda provides to researchers. Chapters 2-10 discuss nine original research challenges. Chapters 11-14 provide the basis of the agenda's four "Emerging Themes." Each chapter, written by researchers involved in the conception of the topics, discusses basic research elements, the UCGIS approach, the need for the National research agenda, contributions to knowledge and society, and offers a complete set of references.The final section draws general conclusions about the UCGIS approach and the defined research challenges.

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Carefully crafted to provide tightly focused and authoritative information, the Directory of Therapeutic Enzymes covers all approved therapeutic enzymes currently used in medicine. Written mainly by industry experts, the book includes information sourced directly from the company that developed or manufactured the product. It explores major development issues, from manufacturing and marketing to delivery of the finished product.Chapter 1 reviews applied enzymology while chapter 2 delineates theory and applications. Between them, the first two chapters set the appropriate backdrop for the remaining chapters, which focus on actual enzyme products that have gained regulatory approval for general medical use. The chapter authors discuss the biochemistry of the enzymes, the reactions they catalyze, how they are produced or manufactured, and their medical applications. The book highlights the many applications of approved therapeutic enzymes, including use in the treatment of blood-clotting disorders, certain cancers, and a variety of genetic disorders. Illustrated with tables and figures that support the text, the book is a single source of in-depth technical information.

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As little as two decades ago, deliberately injecting botulinum toxin into patients would have seemed foolhardy at best and criminal at worst. The increased clinical use of botulinum toxins has expanded the body of knowledge available on the structure and function of these proteins. This knowledge can be applied to topics as varied as therapies based on the endopeptidase activity of the toxins, vaccine development, protection against botulism, and vectors for neuronal drug delivery. Based on recent scientific and clinical information from top international authorities, Treatments from Toxins: The Therapeutic Potential of Clostridial Neurotoxins reviews the status of current research and development and identifies significant developments. Drawing on their vast experience in this field, the editors present the basic background of the bacteriology and genetics of the neurotoxigenic clostridia, a history of the discovery of the neurotoxins, and an overview of the tetanus and botulism diseases. The chapters detailing common medical applications of the toxins cover side effects and novel uses, including neuronal drug delivery strategies, and provide a fresh look at what can still be achieved. They also explore the toxins as potential threat agents and the advent of the therapeutic use of botulinum toxins. Highlighting the pitfalls, successes, and challenges that exist when engineering complex proteins, the book brings together the clinical and theoretical worlds. It presents a broad overview of the current status of botulinum research and its clinical applications.

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The past few years have witnessed extraordinary advances in molecular genetic techniques and the accumulation of structural genomics information and resources in both human and model organisms. With the development of new technologies and the availability of resources like the sequence of eukaryotic genomes, problems of a previously unthinkable scope are now being routinely solved in neuroscience and many other areas of biomedical research. The results of these studies, in turn, are having, and will continue to have, profound impact on experimental approaches and designs for manipulating genes, the genome, and model organisms as a means of gaining insights into nervous system functioning and complex behavior.Methods in Genomic Neuroscience provides newcomers and experienced researchers with a reference guide for applying powerful, state-of-the-art molecular genetic techniques to the study of neural and behavioral systems. It thereby provides a foundation by which data on gene expression and function may be used to develop new therapeutic strategies for brain diseases. Authored by researchers in the forefront of genomic neuroscience, the book addresses state-of-the-art tools and technologies for global analysis of genes influencing the nervous system and its disorders. An emphasis is placed on massively parallel approaches for analyzing the avalanche of data that is being generated from the full genomic sequence of humans and model systems. Specific topics include human sequence variation, methods for discovering disease vulnerability genes, gene-environmental interaction, gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays, random mutagenesis, gene trap approaches for studying brain development, neural stem cells, gene targeting, and gene delivery.

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The Polymeric Materials Encyclopedia presents state-of-the-art research and development on the synthesis, properties, and applications of polymeric materials. This groundbreaking work includes the largest number of contributors in the world for a reference publication in polymer science, and examines many fields not covered in any other reference. With multiple articles on many subjects, the encyclopedia offers you a broad-based perspective on a multitude of topics, as well as detailed research information, figures, tables, illustrations, and references. Updates published as new research unfolds will continue to provide you with the latest advances in polymer science, and will keep the encyclopedia at the forefront of the field well into the future.From novices to experienced researchers in the field, anyone and everyone working in polymer science today needs this complete assessment of the state of the art.The entire 12-volume set will be available in your choice of printed or CD-ROM format.

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"I've seen the Sudan, traveled in South and Central America and been all over Europe, but I've never seen what I've been able to see on this tour [of the Loess Plateau, China]."-Ed Skidmore, soil scientist, WindErosion Research Unit of the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Manhattan, KansasOverpopulation is at the core of most environmental problems. The impacts of continued growth-with world population reaching 6 billion in October 1999-are felt in most parts of the world. China, the most populous nation, illustrates many of the pivotal problems-and solutions.Although China faces the same effects of overpopulation as the rest of the world, it still feeds over a billion people on a tillable area that allows about one tenth of a hectare per person. The country's efforts to tie together soil and water conservation, dryland farming, and economic development have been largely successful. Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming explores these trials and the lessons learned from them. Copublished with the Soil and Water Conservation Society, this exhaustive text consists of the rewritten proceedings from the Society's conference held in Yangling, Shaanxi, China. It covers dryland farming systems and soil water management, environmental quality and sustainability, and erosion control techniques as they relate primarily to Mainland China. With additional global examples and a balance between conceptual and applied studies, it covers some of the most progressive work in soil erosion control and dryland farming from around the world.Soil exposure while land lies fallow is one of the greatest risks in dryland farming. New procedures and kinds of tillage help control erosion and improve water intake. Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming presents these techniques and technologies to give you a forward-looking perspective into the field, as well as the larger problem of tailoring food production to sustain the population.

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As the number of electrical devices in use continues to grow, so do the challenges of ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of products and systems. Fortunately, engineers have at their disposal an array of approximations, models, and rules-of-thumb to help them meet those challenges. Unfortunately, the number of these tools and guidelines is overwhelming, and worse still is the thought of investigating their origins and confirming their results.The Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook is an unprecedented compilation of the many approximations, guidelines, models, and rules-of-thumb used in EMC analyses, complete with their sources and their limitations. The book presents these in an efficient question-and-answer format and incorporates an extremely comprehensive set of tables and figures. The author has either derived from basic principles or obtained and verified from their original sources all of the expressions in the tables. Mathcad was used to generate most of the plots and solve many of the equations, and the author includes the Mathcad programs for many of these so users can clearly see the variable assignments, assumptions, and equations.Designed to be of long-lasting value to engineers, researchers, and students, the Electromagnetic Compatibility Handbook is ideal both for quick reference and as a textbook for upper-level and graduate electrical engineering courses.

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"Sharing knowledge is power." If ever there were a field to which this applies, it is the knowledge management industry. And in today's highly-competitive, fast-paced business world, corporations, businesses and organizations in both the public and private sectors are constantly searching for new cutting-edge methods and techniques for creating, storing, capturing, managing, organizing, distributing, combining, and retrieving knowledge. But the task of accomplishing such functions is not as simple as it sounds. Jay Liebowitz's Building Organizational Intelligence: A Knowledge Management Primer gives executives, managers, systems analysts, and other knowledge-management professionals the competitive edge they need in achieving that task. In a concise and easy-to-read format, the book describes the concepts, techniques, methodologies, and tools associated with those functions, and includes mini-case studies and vignettes of how industry is developing and applying these functions towards building organizational intelligence.What's more, the book is packaged with a limited functionality version of "WisdomBuilder," the first in a family of knowledge-management tools that provide a fully integrated solution to the information management and analysis dilemma. Able to run under Windows 95, 98 and NT, "WisdomBuilder" solves the information overload problem by reducing the time and cost of extracting information and other research knowledge from disorganized repositories of heterogeneous data.

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This book will be a valuable step toward the common goal of an "adaptive" scientific community: improving everyone's quality of life in a sustainable and safe way.

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Knowing how to deal with the regulatory issues, understanding the impacts of cleanliness, and recognizing the affect that poor facility layout will have on GMP spaces are only some of the issues an experienced Project Manager must focus on. Completely revised and updated, Sterile Product Facility Design and Project Management, Second Edition provides comprehensive guidance on how to develop and execute biotech and other sterile drug facilities based on current industry best practices. Each chapter highlights a specific issue centered on managing biotech facilities projects in a GMP environment. The author uses real-world examples of common industry practice to lead you through the idiosyncrasies of a biotech project in an effort to answer some of the more common, and often perplexing, questions that can stand in the way of success. You get a mini seminar on each topic covered.Breaking the project life-cycle into four phases, the text takes you through each phase from the Project Manager's viewpoint. Unlike other books that cover design, technology, and validation in general terms, this book addresses the industry specific issues that make biotech facilities so costly and difficult to deliver. It puts the pieces of the puzzle together in a manner that increases your opportunity for success.

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Since the publication of the benchmark first edition of this book, chemical library and combinatorial chemistry methods have developed into mature technologies. There have also been significant shifts in emphasis in combinatorial synthesis. Reflecting the growth in the field and the heightened focus on select areas, Analytical Methods in Combinatorial Chemistry, Second Edition updates a classic text and captures the current state of these technologies.Written by leaders in the field, this second edition includes several enhancements. A chapter on high-throughput analytical methods and informatics reflects the demand for quality control of library members. A new chapter focuses on high-throughput purification methods. All chapters have been updated with new data.Topics discussed in this second edition include: Properties of solid-phase samples, analytical studies targeted to understand these properties, and resin swelling Fourier Transform Infrared techniques On-support mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance methods used in the reaction optimization stage Combinatorial library analysis using spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and other methods Quality control of combinatorial libraries High-throughput purification methods Future directions and analytical challenges The coming decade is sure to usher in a new wave of progress in this critical field. This volume provides not only an analysis of the recent developments in analytical methods, technologies and applications; it also provides a window on future possibilities.

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Laboratory automation is an increasingly important part of the job description of many laboratory scientists. Although many laboratory scientists understand the methods and principles involved in automation, most lack the necessary engineering and programming skills needed to successfully automate or interface equipment in the lab. A step-by-step, how-to reference and guide, Practical Pharmaceutical Laboratory Automation explores the processes needed to automate the majority of tasks required in research today. The author discusses topics ranging from automated mathematical analysis to robotic automation of chemical processes, to combinations of these and other processes. He presents a detailed discussion of high throughput screening and assay development and takes an in-depth look at Visual Basic as the primary programming language used in laboratories. The text has a dedicated web site (http://www.pharmalabauto.com) that contains all the sample code and examples contained within the text as well as other information related to laboratory automation. Providing a starting point for tackling automation problems, Practical Pharmaceutical Laboratory Automation helps you develop a strategy for automation that gets consistent results.

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Lipospheres in Drug Targets and Delivery: Approaches, Methods, and Applications presents an overview of the most recent applications of lipospheres primarily in the field of medicine, pharmaceutics, and biotechnology. It includes chapters on preparation, characterization, delivery (of peptides, proteins, vaccines, nucleic acids), therapeutic applications to different systems, and suggestions for further research. Including numerous illustrations, tables, and photos, this book provides procedures for specific applications and biological systems and presents lipospheres as a technical solution to various problems associated with the controlled release of biochemicals.

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Classical and modern theories have given us a degree of noise immunity by defining the sufficient statistic of the mean of the likelihood function. The generalized theory moves beyond these limitations to determine the jointly sufficient statistics of the mean and variance of the likelihood function.Signal and Image Processing in Navigational Systems introduces us to the generalized approach, and then delves rigorously into the theory and practical applications of this approach. This volume represents the most in-depth discussion of the generalized approach to date, providing many examples and computer models to demonstrate how this approach raises the upper limits of noise immunity for navigation systems, leading to better detection performances.This book is vital for signal and image processing experts, radar, communications, acoustics, and navigational systems designers, as well as professionals in the fields of statistical pattern recognition, biomedicine, astronomy, and robotics who wish to extend the boundaries of noise immunity and improve qualitative performance of their systems.

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Focusing on bone biology, Bone Tissue Engineering integrates basic sciences with tissue engineering. It includes contributions from world-renowned researchers and clinicians who discuss key topics such as different models and approaches to bone tissue engineering, as well as exciting clinical applications for patients. Divided into four sections, the book covers basic bone biology and tissue engineering, scaffold designs for tissue engineering, applied principles of bone tissue engineering, and clinical opportunities. The comprehensive nature of this book, including extensive bibliographies, will make it an invaluable resource for biomedical engineers, tissue engineers, dental and bone-related medical researchers, and craniofacial biologists.

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Continuing the tradition of the best-selling Handbook of Structural Engineering, this second edition is a comprehensive reference to the broad spectrum of structural engineering, encapsulating the theoretical, practical, and computational aspects of the field. The authors address a myriad of topics, covering both traditional and innovative approaches to analysis, design, and rehabilitation.The second edition has been expanded and reorganized to be more informative and cohesive. It also follows the developments that have emerged in the field since the previous edition, such as advanced analysis for structural design, performance-based design of earthquake-resistant structures, lifecycle evaluation and condition assessment of existing structures, the use of high-performance materials for construction, and design for safety.Additionally, the book includes numerous tables, charts, and equations, as well as extensive references, reading lists, and websites for further study or more in-depth information. Emphasizing practical applications and easy implementation, this text reflects the increasingly global nature of engineering, compiling the efforts of an international panel of experts from industry and academia. This is a necessity for anyone studying or practicing in the field of structural engineering.New to this editionFundamental theories of structural dynamics Advanced analysis Wind and earthquake-resistant design Design of prestressed concrete, masonry, timber, and glass structures Properties, behavior, and use of high-performance steel, concrete, and fiber-reinforced polymers Semirigid frame structures Structural bracing Structural design for fire safety

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Despite the hype about healthy, low-carb/low-fat diets, the production of deep-fat fried foods continues to be a major processing operation around the world, generating billions of dollars each year. Due to their uniquely crispy exterior and juicy interior, breaded fried foods, in particular, are popular among consumers. Unlike many books that have focused solely on the process of deep-fat frying and fried foods in general, Breaded Fried Foods is one of the first references to provide a coherent and concise overview of issues that are specific to breaded, or battered, fried foods. With internationally recognized authors, including renowned expert Dr. Manjeet S. Chinnan, this comprehensive resource addresses groundbreaking advances in the reduction of fat uptake in fried foods, best practices for enhancing the quality of breaded fried foods, techniques for improving product crispness, and the impact of breading and batters on the quality of frying oil. The book also discusses new industry frying methods, preventive measures to reduce oil waste, and pre- and post-frying procedures to limit oil uptake. Deep-fat fried foods are universal with strong consumer appeal in countries worldwide. Filled with numerous graphs and photographic illustrations, Breaded Fried Foods encapsulates the most current industry research and technological advances in this ever-growing industry.

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In the competitive business arena companies must continually strive to create new and better products faster, more efficiently, and more cost effectively than their competitors to gain and keep the competitive advantage. Computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided engineering (CAE), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) are now the industry standard. These seven volumes give the reader a comprehensive treatment of the techniques and applications of CAD, CAE, and CAM.

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Calcium signalling occupies a preeminent position in the signal transduction system of the cell by virtue of its participation in a wide range of physiological functions together with the biological events associated with genetic expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as cell differentiation and morphogenesis. It is an important feature of cell adhesion and motility; the integrity of the calcium binding proteins themselves is a basic requirement of normal biological function. In fact, the deregulation of calcium signaling is now regarded as the primary event in the pathogenesis, growth, invasion, and secondary spread of cancer.Calcium Signalling in Cancer is a concise up-to-date treatise on the transduction signals induced by calcium that considers how alterations in this calcium-dependent signal transduction pathway are related to a number of human diseases, especially neoplastic transformation. This authoritative text examines a broad range of topics-from mechanisms and significance of calcium homeostasis for normal cell function to calcium signalling pathways and the transduction of the calcium signal, especially in proliferation, cell motility, cancer invasion,, and metastasis.Clearly organized, it covers all aspects of the subject including specific sections on the regulation of the genes whose products are required for signal transduction by calcium, such as Alzheimer's disease, Darier's disease, Duchenne and limb girdle dystrophies, psoriasis and some forms of ichthyosis, and cancer associated retinopathy. With an extensive bibliography and over 2,500 references, Calcium Signalling in Cancer is an invaluable reference source.

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Resoundingly popular in its first edition, the second edition of Mechanics of Structures: Variational and Computational Methods promises to be even more so, with broader coverage, expanded discussions, and a streamlined presentation.The authors begin by describing the behavior of deformable solids through the differential equations for the strength of materials and the theory of elasticity. They next introduce variational principles, including mixed or generalized principles, and derive integral forms of the governing equations. Discussions then move to computational methods, including the finite element method, and these are developed to solve the differential and integral equations.New in the second edition:A one-dimensional introduction to the finite element method, complete with illustrations of numerical mesh refinement Expansion of the use of Galerkin's method. Discussion of recent developments in the theory of bending and torsion of thin-walled beams. An appendix summarizing the fundamental equations in differential and variational form Completely new treatment of stability, including detailed examples Discussion of the principal values of geometric properties and stresses Additional exercisesAs a textbook or as a reference, Mechanics of Structures builds a unified, variational foundation for structure mechanics, which in turn forms the basis for the computational solid mechanics so essential to modern engineering.

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Although the theory behind solitary waves of strain shows that they hold significant promise in nondestructive testing and a variety of other applications, an enigma has long persisted-the absence of observable elastic solitary waves in practice. Inspired by this apparent contradiction, Strain Solitons in Solids and How to Construct Them refines the existing theory, explores how to construct a powerful deformation pulse in a waveguide without plastic flow or fracture, and proposes a direct method of strain soliton generation, detection, and observation.The author focuses on the theory, simulation, generation, and propagation of strain solitary waves in a nonlinearly elastic, straight cylindrical rod under finite deformations. He introduces the general theory of wave propagation in nonlinearly elastic solids and shows, from first principles, how its main ideas can lead to successful experiments. In doing so, he develops a new approach to solving the corresponding doubly dispersive equation (DDE) with dissipative terms, leading to new explicit and exact solutions. He also shows that the method is applicable to a variety of nonlinear problems.First discovered in virtual reality, nonlinear waves and solitons in solids are finally moving into the genuine reality of physics, mechanics, and engineering. Strain Solitons in Solids and How to Construct Them shows how to balance the mathematics of the problem with the application of the results to experiments and ultimately to generating and observing solitons in solids.

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Among the leading challenges faced by systems managers today is the coherent management of network resources in a multi-domain, multi-environment. The MISA Project - Management of Integrated SDH and ATM Networks - brought together researchers from 17 organizations to explore and advance the state of the art in developing enabling mechanisms for end-to-end management solutions across multi-domain and multi-technology networks. These mechanisms enable interoperability between management domains, between heterogeneous network technology, and between service and network management functions in a multi-provider environment.Multi-Domain Communication Management Systems reports on the experiences of the MISA Project researchers. It provides guidance for the deployment of multi-domain management systems and offers a solid basis for the implementation of solutions to the challenges of converging data network technologies. System managers will learn the techniques and mechanisms for end-to-end management problems; network management vendors will understand the benefits and limitations of current practices and standards as they apply to multi-domain management issues; and students and researchers of advanced communications management will discover important concepts and issues related to the management of networks.

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What is intelligence? Are truly intelligent machines a practical reality? If so, can they work in harmony with human beings and improve the quality of our lives? How are they designed, built, and controlled?The fact is that machines with brains are no longer the stuff of science fiction. Research focused on developing smarter, more flexible machines and new applications continues at a remarkable pace, yet for many people-even engineers-these and other questions linger.Intelligent Machines: Myths and Realities explores the technological, industrial, economic, social, and research issues related to intelligent machines. Nine chapters-authored by highly distinguished international authorities-take you from the fundamentals and general aspects of intelligent machines through current techniques and research, and finally to their practical aspects and applications.Written for both technical and nontechnical readers, Intelligent Machines presents complex issues in simple, qualitative terms, yet discusses important theoretical aspects, industrial applications, and design issues where they are appropriate. The result is an intriguing exploration of this revolutionary technology, its design, uses, limitations, and future prospects.Features

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Approximately half a million Americans suffer brain ischemic episodes every year. These brain strokes are the third leading cause of death in the United States and the number-one cause of permanent disability. Over the past decade, we have made extensive attempts to understand the biological mechanisms that underlie stroke-induced neuronal injury. This research has been benefited by the introduction of a variety of new technologies and assays aimed at deciphering the complex neuronal degenerating processes triggered by cerebral vascular disorders or other neurological diseases that produce ischemic episodes. New Concepts in Cerebral Ischemia presents techniques and theories for understanding the various stages of early pathogenesis in order to design specific strategies to protect neurons from further injury. Short, specific, and comprehensive chapters provide detailed descriptions of the new methods employed in both basic and clinical research that are revolutionizing the field of ischemia research. Written by international experts in CNS dysfunction, the book includes methods to elucidate the pathogenesis of ischemia, technologies used in the design of specific strategies to protect neurons from further injury, and new approaches to treat patients with acute ischemic episodes. With this book, you will gain new insights not only into cerebral vascular research, but also into neurological disease in general.

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First Published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

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Provides a theoretical foundation as well as practical tools for the analysis of multivariate data, using case studies and MINITAB computer macros to illustrate basic and advanced quality control methods. This work offers an approach to quality control that relies on statistical tolerance regions, and discusses computer graphic analysis highlighting multivariate profile charts.

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Adopting a hands-on approach, this work shows how to achieve ISO 9000 registration efficiently and economically, through the TAP-PDSA (Train, Audit and Plan / Plan, Do, Study, Act) method. It explains issues encountered in registering, providing real examples, and addresses the functions of a registrar, the importance of choosing a registrar early, and the criteria of registrar selection. The primary goals of registration - to improve quality, achieve customer satisfaction and increase profitability - are stressed.

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This second edition describes the fundamentals of modelling and simulation of continuous-time, discrete time, discrete-event and large-scale systems. Coverage new to this edition includes: a chapter on non-linear systems analysis and modelling, complementing the treatment of of continuous-time and discrete-time systems; and a chapter on the computer animation and visualization of dynamical systems motion.;College or university bookstores may order five or more copies at a special student price, available on request from Marcel Dekker Inc.

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