Search results for ""Author Vandenhoeck"

Die Studie behandelt die ägyptischen Amulette aus Palästina/Israel, die in Band I (OBO 138) und Band II (OBO 184) noch nicht publiziert werden konnten oder erst nach 1991 ausgegraben wurden. Sie ist Teil des hauptsächlich von O. Keel, Ch. Uehlinger, S. Schroer und Ch. Herrmann getragenen Unternehmens, die visuellen Zeugnisse fÃ"r die Religionsgeschichte dieses Raumes zu dokumentieren und zu interpretieren. Es werden archäologisches Material interpretiert und Amulette religionsgeschichtlich eingebettet in den bisher veröffentlichten Kontext aus Palästina / Israel und aus dem gesamten Mittelmeerraum.Damit liegt weltweit die einzige wissenschaftliche Dokumentation einer bestimmten Gattung archäologischen Materials aus Palästina/Israel vor, die Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erheben kann.

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This study examines one of the most successful pietistic journals of the 18th century, the 'Collection of Exquisite Materials for the Building of the Kingdom of God' theologically. It contained news from all over the world, e.g. Published, for example, about the revivals in the Anglo-American area, about missionary news, about the Catholic Church and much more. These messages are intended to bring the progress of salvation history and the expansion of the kingdom of God to the pietistic readership.

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The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth familiarized itself with Christian Hebraism in the first half of the 16th century. "In Search of 'the Genuine Word of God'" sketches out the process in three chapters. The first one deals with the development of modern Hebrew studies in Western Europe, the second gives an account of the academic and religious level of Hebrew scholarship in the Commonwealth in the 16th century and at the beginning of the 17th century, and the third is devoted to Polish translations of the Hebrew Bible, which were the most significant consequences of the reception of the West-European Christian Hebraism in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Renaissance. Knowledge of Hebrew would be spread in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth through personal contacts of magnates and church dignitaries with the Western European Hebrew experts, through Jewish converts teaching Semitic languages, through foreign studies at European universities and through books.

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Das Phänomen Transidentität oder Transsexualismus begegnet uns heutzutage an vielen Orten. Transidente Menschen treten auch in Talkshows und Doku-Sendungen auf, wo sie über ihr Leben berichten in einer im Vergleich zu früheren Zeiten zwar toleranteren, aber noch längst nicht wirklich akzeptierenden Gesellschaft. Udo Rauchfleisch skizziert den Weg vom Pathologiekonzept "Transsexualismus" zur "Genderdysphorie" bis hin zur "Geschlechtsinkongruenz" und dem nichtpathologischen Begriff der "Transidentität". Er fordert die absolute Selbstentscheidung der Transidenten über die von ihnen gewünschten Schritte in ihrer sogenannten Transition. Eine professionelle Begleitung Transidenter hat meist den Charakter eines transaffirmativen Coachings. Neben Transmenschen selbst und ihren Angehörigen richtet sich das Buch vor allem an Fachleute der verschiedenen Disziplinen, die an der Begleitung und Therapie von Transidenten beteiligt sind.

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Benno Nietzel traces the history of Jewish entrepreneurs from Frankfurt am Main from the 1920s to the 1960s. He examines the prerequisites, characteristics and consequences of the socio-economic upheaval represented by the destruction of Jewish commercial activity under Nazi rule. What business assertion and survival strategies did Jewish entrepreneurs develop? What processes of exclusion and persecution have you been exposed to? What happened to your companies during the war and in the post-war period?

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Text in German.

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Using five basic texts written in early modern Europe between 1499 and 1627, Susanne Zepp examines the role of Jewish culture in the process of the development of modernity in Romanticism: "La Celestina", the "Dialoghi d'amore" by Leone Ebreo, the first picaresque novel in world literature "Lazarillo de Tormes", the "Essais" by Michel de Montaigne and João Pinto Delgado's poetic adaptations of the Bible. It presents the change in genres and the literary evidence of that time against the background of the history of the 16th century and shows how the emergence of early modern subject consciousness can also be explained from a literary perspective as a universalization of originally particular Jewish experiences.

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In the fifty years in which representatives of two ideological messages of salvation ruled in Germany, the religious community of Jehovah's Witnesses was banned. Both regimes believed they saw an imminent threat to their rule in the refusal of required gestures of loyalty, in the denial of any military or military service, and in the illegal continuation of the religious life. Many of the believers died, thousands were imprisoned, lost their jobs, or otherwise harassed. Neglected for many years by the public and by historical research, the Jehovah's Witnesses are no longer "forgotten victims".

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Few philosophers and social scientists of the 20th century are likely to have had an intellectual influence on the debates in science and the public as much as Hannah Arendt. At the same time, only a few were so controversial, only a few were so polarized and only a few saw themselves exposed to such intense hostility as they did. A number of their theses and considerations met with energetic opposition and triggered downright hateful debates, some of which are still carried on today. Hannah Arendt is rightly regarded as a stimulating thinker - who will possibly continue to have an effect in the future, especially through her problems. In this volume, philosophers, political scientists, sociologists and historians take up Hannah Arendt's ideas, problems and considerations and continue them critically.

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Small-scale living environments shaped existence from the German Empire to the Nazi era. For the contemporaries, everyday activities in a small room were a matter of course. In a changing world, one's own community, city and region created identity and meaning. What was the relationship between regional identity and other identitary reference systems, what ideas were associated with the design of the regional and what influence did it exert on society and politics? Using the example of Bavarian Swabia, Martina Steber follows the mental construction of the regional and assesses its function and relevance in the very period in which the ambivalence of modernity was so dazzling and horrific at the same time.

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The relationship between the Ministry of State Security and the Polish Ministry of the Interior or its secret service was one of the most difficult within the Warsaw Pact. The volume describes the coexistence and opposition of the two secret services on the basis of extensive source research and a detailed consideration of their diverging interests. Behind the facade of an officially prescribed and contractually agreed friendship, there was abysmal mistrust. The Polish perspective also reveals surprising weaknesses of the Stasi. The time focus is on the years 1974 to 1990, but the study also looks at the early years since 1949. In the frosty relationship of the allied secret services, the problematic relationship between the two 'brother states' is always reflected.

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The New World was at the center of a variety of interests. Only slowly, however, did it become a space of the imaginary, the utopian, and the experience of others and oneself. Christian Kiening describes for the first time coherently how the two Americas are discovered as objects of aesthetic, literary and scientific meaning, how complex processes of exchange and intersections arise and figures of transition - the feral European and the Europeanized savage - emerge. The diverse stories of alterity and mimesis, of utopian and literary islands are dealt with. Kiening's brilliant study offers a prehistory of exoticism and a longing for nature and reveals the cultural and historical conditions under which the foreign is represented as the foreign.

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The Enlightenment revolutionized consciousness by stretching it into the Kantian polarity of "Age of Enlightenment" and "Enlightened Age". Enlightenment means on the one hand a clearly delimited historical epoch, on the other hand a universal process that continues to this day. The Enlightenment accelerated modernization processes like the rationalization of statehood. With her progressive thinking she established the belief in inner-worldly happiness realization and thus gave all cultural, social and political processes a new dynamic. The Enlightenment has European origins, but it worked and works worldwide. The current world contrast between Islamism and Western civilization can therefore be understood as a result of the effects of the Enlightenment.

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Teachers are one of the largest academic professional groups in German society today, although the sharp contrast that has long prevailed between high school teachers and non-high school teachers has only been a thing of the past since around 1970/80. The first, introductory chapter of the data manual is dedicated to this traditional prehistory as well as to the standardization that is so important from a professional point of view. In three additional chapters, the data manual presents statistical findings on the development of the teaching profession, with numerous illustrations and interpretive texts. The statistical results are documented in 400 tables and can be accessed on an enclosed CD. The manual contains a selection of the tables as well as numerous diagrams to illustrate the changes over time. The data for the long time series on which this book is based come from the relevant annual publications of the Federal Statistical Office.

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Welche Rolle spielten die Verhandlungen über eine englisch-russische Marinekonvention in der Vorgeschichte des Ersten Weltkriegs? Haben die geheim geführten Gespräche, die im Frühjahr 1914 durch einen deutschen Agenten verraten wurden, die Berliner Risikopolitik im Juli 1914 beeinflusst und somit zum Ausbruch des Krieges beigetragen? Wie erheblich ist ihre Einflussnahme einzuschätzen? Wie kam es überhaupt zur Aufnahme der Verhandlungen? Die Studie von Stephen Schröder gibt Antwort auf diese in der historischen Forschung umstrittenen Fragen und bietet die erste detaillierte, alle relevanten Aspekte und Akteure berücksichtigende Untersuchung der Flottenverhandlungen und ihrer Rückwirkungen auf das Deutsche Reich.

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The essay tells the story of three artefacts from Vienna, starting with the silent film Die Stadt ohne Juden (1924) through the theatrical sensation at the turn of the century Die Klabriaspartie (1890) back to the year of the world exhibition in 1873, in which a type photograph of a Jewish peddler was made. With their respective specifics, they can only be understood in the local context, but the artifacts are nevertheless woven into European contexts of experience and traditions of thought. Her investigation provides insights into the world of ideas of the Jewish in Viennese modernism and reveals processes of authentication and deconstruction.

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Die Beiträge dieses Bandes untersuchen mittelalterliche "Orte der Herrschaft" im europäischen Vergleich. Die Orte der Herrschaft zeigen sich als Stätten in einem sozialen, strukturellen und geographischen Umfeld, dessen systematische, breit angelegte Erforschung unter Berücksichtigung der dynamischen Entwicklungen und der vergleichbaren Komponenten erst am Anfang steht: Welche Rolle spielen Plätze und Landschaften für Menschen? Gab es Möglichkeiten zur Wahl der Orte der Herrschaft? Was sind die Gründe für die fortschreitende Verdichtung von Herrschaft hin zur Bildung von Zentren und schließlich Hauptstädten? Und wo liegen die kulturübergreifenden Elemente, die spezifischen Besonderheiten und Unterschiede, wo die wechselseitigen Beeinflussungen?

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Between 1870 and 1937, the corporate control system in the German Reich changed fundamentally. While the German Empire emphasized the protection of shareholders and minority shareholders, shareholders lost their rights of codecision in the 1920s. At the same time, the corporation changed from an owner-operated company to a large, manager-run company. Felix Selgert examines the political and social conditions of this change. He shows that this was influenced by environmental conditions such as financial and economic crises as well as by coalitions of advocates.

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Text in German. Regula Argast's study examines the development of Swiss citizenship between the founding of the federal state in 1848 and the anchoring of a restrictive naturalization and settlement policy in the interwar period. The focus of their investigation is the inclusion and exclusion of changing population groups as a citizen and the question of the causes for the granting or denial of Swiss citizenship. It becomes clear that the rules of granting between the federal government, cantons and municipalities had to be negotiated and coordinated again and again. It was only during and after the First World War that a nationalized and ethnicized fear of "foreign infiltration" was combined with the traditional defensive attitude of the civil communities.

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Since 1945 the Catholic Church has resorted to a number of sociological methods in rapid succession. These should help to fill areas of church removal with new missionary zeal, to observe the attitudes of the faithful through demoscopy and to adapt the church's organizational structure to the changed conditions of pastoral care. Group dynamic and therapeutic concepts opened up new possibilities for the religious self-thematization of the individual. With the help of the social sciences, the consequences of functional differentiation as "secularization" could be observed without a greater rationality of church action being easily achieved. The reception and practical application of these methods in the church is a vivid example of the increasing "scientification of the social". The social sciences should help preach the gospel message in new ways. But at the same time they threatened to drain the faith. The historical analysis of this process enables fascinating insights into the religious and church history of the 20th century. At the same time, it is a criticism of the success stories of the Federal Republic that have turned out too smooth, and rather interprets them as a period of "dangerous modernity".

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Wissenschaftlicher Austausch und Vernetzung in der Forschung waren schon zur Eröffnung der Universität Göttingen im Jahr 1737 kaum zu überschätzen. Während in Büchern und Aufsätzen in der Regel nur das Destillat eines langen, steinigen Weges zu finden ist, bieten Briefwechsel die Möglichkeit, den Forschungsprozess selbst zu analysieren. Anhand wissenschaftlicher Korrespondenzen von Göttinger Gelehrten, wie u.a. Albrecht von Haller, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg oder David Hilbert beantwortet der Sammelband disziplinübergreifend Fragen nach der Kommunikations- und Vernetzungspraxis, den Auswertungsmethoden oder nach dem Umgang mit Briefeditionen im Zeitalter der Digital Humanities.

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The third volume of the Iberia Pontificia concerns the pontifical relations of the Castilian Diocese Palencia up through 1198 based on 200 extant registers. With the Diocese Palencia this third volume of the Iberia Pontificia is concerned for the first time with a Suffragan diocese from the Church province of Toledo. Besides dealing with the pontifical contacts of the bishops and the cathedral chapter it also looks at the relations between the papacy and the monasteries of the dioceses found in extant registers. This volume offers a comprehensive compilation of the archives and historiographical evidence as well as an extensive bibliography on the individual recipients and a historical introduction.

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Explaining things is a well-known part of both history and everyday life. But what comprises good and bad explanations is rarely explicitly discussed, even though we live in the midst of an overwhelming mass of competing approaches and theories. This can be irritating at times and gives rise to the thought that it is useless to search for the "real" explanation of a historical event or to inquire about the objectivity of some historical insight. But can we really do without the aspiration to get to true bottom of things? In this volume Robert Schnepf develops many arguments against forfeiting the demand for truth and provides criteria that can be used to differentiate between good and bad explanations.

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Although the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States share many legal, social, and political values, they also represent different traditions in terms of how each understands the idea of universal human rights. The contributors to this volume represent legal-constitutional, historical, bio-ethical, philosophical, and social science reflections on what the two nation states share, and what distinguishes their understanding of universal human rights. The rise of neo-populist and authoritarian nationalist impulses in Europe and the Americas, the differing responses of the two liberal democratic republics provide an insight into how each nation state still affirms a long-standing commitment to universal human rights. No other work in German or English currently provides a comparison between the two countries and across many disciplines.

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Patchworkfamilien in der Spätantike thematisiert das Phänomen der Wiederverheiratung nach Scheidung oder Verwitwung in Gesellschaft, Recht und Mentalität der jÃ"dischen, heidnischen und römisch-christlichen Antike. Postuliert wird eine Kohärenz zwischen einem im Wandel befindlichen jÃ"dischen Eherecht im ersten nachchristlichen Jahrhundert und der beginnenden Ausbildung einer neuartig christlichen Sicht auf das Gebilde Familie. Der im jÃ"dischen Recht schwindende Rechtsschutz fÃ"r ersteheliche Kinder in Patchworkfamilien gehörte zum konkreten Erfahrungshorizont der ersten Christen und kann mit verantwortlich zeichnen fÃ"r die reaktionäre Herausbildung einer konservativ-christlichen Scheidungsmoral.

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Die Darstellung der eigenen Herrschaft war fër die Kaiser im römischen Prinzipat notwendig, um ihre Macht zu bewahren. Domitian nutzte dafër viele Medien - eines war die Literatur. Jens Leberl vergleicht die Gedichte von Martial und Statius mit Domitians Herrschaftsdarstellung auf Mënzen oder Bildnissen und untersucht, ob und wie die Dichter sich an der kaiserlichen Propaganda beteiligten. Beide hätten gern die Gunst des Kaisers besessen; doch Domitian war nicht interessiert. Fër seinen Machterhalt spielte, anders als noch bei Augustus, das Heer die wichtigste Rolle.

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For more than 800 years the story of Tannha¤user, the rebellious German Minnesanger and courtier at the court of Frederick II of Austria, has moved people and influenced poetry written in his style. His name came to be synonymous with that of an eccentric artist who takes up fights with the mores of the day to the edge of self-destruction. Tannhauser's attacks were directed at the very foundation of Christian order, held in that day to be unshakeable: Lovemaking was subject to the laws of convention and moral order. His revolt against society's strict norms of ideal love, however, was only one of the things we associate with Tannhauser; his deviations from the strict rules of minnesong was of his very own construction.

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Die bis zu ihrer Ausweisung im Jahr 1658 in Polen-Litauen beheimateten Sozinianer stellten eine transnational zusammengesetzte religiöse Minderheit protestantischer Herkunft dar, der es trotz der geringen Zahl ihrer Mitglieder gelang, eine bedeutende ideengeschichtliche Wirkung in Europa zu entfalten. Obwohl sie nur ca. ein Prozent der polnisch-litaui­schen Bevölkerung ausmachten, verfügten die Sozinianer in der Zeit von 1602 bis 1638 über ein akademisches Gymnasium und eine Druckerei in Raków, die für die Kultivierung und Verbreitung eines neuartigen Religionsmodells sorgten: Sozinianer gingen von der geschichtlichen Wandlung der religiös-sittlichen Normen im Sinne eines Perfektibilitätsprozesses aus, wobei sie, im Unterschied zu den etablierten Konfessionen, die subjektive Vernunft des Einzelnen zur letztgültigen Entscheidungsinstanz in religiösen Fragen erhoben. Dieses die Pluralität des Christentums prinzipiell bejahende, mit historisierend-philologischer Bibelexegese unterfütterte historisch-ethische Religionsmodell wurde zum Gegenstand zahlreicher Vorlesungen und Disputationen und wirkte vorbereitend auf das Aufkommen der europäischen Aufklärungstheologie. Die vorliegende Studie verfolgt jene Prozesse von ihren Ursprüngen im Denken Fausto Sozzinis an. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt der Ausgestaltung des historisch-ethischen Religionsmodells durch die Vertreter des Frühsozinianismus und seiner diskursiven Verarbeitung an den protestantischen Universitäten im Alten Reich und in den Niederlanden.

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Eine Studie zur symbolischen und sprachlichen Dimension des Widerstandes der österreichischen Stände gegen ihren LandesfÃ"rsten.

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