Search results for ""taylor francis inc""

Simple, clear, and to the point, Probability and Statistics Applications for Environmental Science delineates the fundamentals of statistics, imparting a basic understanding of the theory and mechanics of the calculations. User-friendliness, uncomplicated explanations, and coverage of example applications in the environmental field set this book apart from other textbooks on the same subject.Striking a balance between theory and applied mathematics, the material is divided into three parts. Part I sets the stage with coverage of principles and fundamentals, such as set notation, probability distributions, and the estimation of the mean and variance. Part II discusses traditional statistics applications, centering around the uses of probability distributions, including how they relate to reliability and failure theory. The authors elucidate many of the important distributions, Monte Carlo methods, and fault and event trees. Part III delves into what some have come to define as contemporary statistics. It covers hypothesis testing, Student's t and chi-square tests, regression analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and nonparametric tests. The book's coverage is thorough, its presentation logical and geared to student's needs. It includes problems and solutions within the text and tables, a glossary of terms, and an introduction to design of experiments in the appendices. The authors, known for their meticulously accurate, articulate, and practical writing style, master the difficult task of explaining very complicated subject matter in a way that is easily understood. The book features a clear, concise presentation that makes both teaching and learning easier.

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Many current public health actions and policies aimed at older people revolve around the often prevailing view that failing health is a consequence of ageing. It is now clear that it is possible to postpone or even prevent much of the age-related decline in health that was once thought inevitable. Future policies must recognise this changing paradigm, and, using a multi-disciplinary approach, integrate fully the changing needs of older people into all areas of public policy including health, nutrition, social support, housing, and economic security.Derived from the 47th Annual Symposium of the Society for the Study of Human Biology in November 2005, Ageing Well: Nutrition, Health, and Social Interventions highlights important health and social factors affecting quality of life in older age, and reviews possible interventions aimed at the prevention or amelioration of problems that reduce the potential for ageing well. Covering a wide range of topics, contributors address the nutritional vulnerability and specific nutritional needs of older adults and confirm the necessity of appropriate diet and exercise in order to maintain both physical and cognitive health. Reminiscence, social interaction and support are highlighted as crucial for the preservation of identity, health and emotional well-being. Other chapters are concerned with socio-economic differences in the extent of age-related changes in health, resulting particularly from poor quality housing and lack of family support networks. The book includes an examination of the economic consequences for health care systems and pension schemes of ageing populations, provides insight into the methodology of evaluating the cost-effectiveness of interventions, and outlines how the minimum cost of healthy living for the 65+ population can be estimated. Bringing together the very latest information on successful ageing, Ageing Well: Nutrition, Health, and Social Interventions presents an up-to-date synthesis of the current evidence of nutrition, public health and social interventions aiming to ensure health and good quality of life in older age.

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Despite the widespread growth and acceptance of particulate technology, challenges in the design, operation, and manufacturing of these systems still exists. These critical issues must be resolved so that particle technology may continue to serve as a foundation for new nano and biotechnologies. Particulate Systems in Nano- and Biotechnologies presents a summary of the revolutionizing developments that have occurred during the last decade and proposes solutions for overcoming present and future challenges. The world’s foremost scientific experts from European, Australian, Asian, and North American research centers give their critical view of particulate systems and adsorbed films and review the current status of state-of-the-art technologies, such as FloDots, functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, and zero-valent iron nanoparticles for abatement of environmental pollutants. A survey of the cutting-edge technologies, this book offers critical perspectives on the synthesis, processing, and characterization of particulate systems for nano- and biotechnology.

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With molecular imaging becoming one the fastest growing topics in medical schools, Informa Healthcare presents Molecular Imaging in Oncology, the first comprehensive reference on molecular imaging in oncology.Giving clinicians and researchers a greater understanding of the current field, this text covers: instrumentation and techniques cancer imaging probe design molecular genetic imaging cellular processes clinical translation Filled with over 500 images, of which more than 50 are in color, illustrating diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of molecular imaging in cancer, this text outlines all procedures for radiologists, radiology physicists, and radiation oncologists in a concise, single-source guide.

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Strongly grounded in the scientific method and evidence, The Environment: Science, Issues, and Solutions presents an organized, accessible, building block approach that introduces the principles of ecology. This book examines the effects of technology use and the unprecedented economic growth and development that has tipped the natural balance of the environment, resulting in serious local, regional, and global environmental problems. This comprehensive text explores the need for interrelated long-term solutions for the prevention and mitigation of environmental problems.

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The co-evolution of a strong theoretical framework alongside application of a range of sophisticated experimental tools engendered rapid advancement in the study of “giant micelles.” Beginning with Anacker and Debye’s 1951 experimental study of elongated micelles by light scattering and their subsequent theoretical inference that the thermodynamics of these structures would have to reflect an opposing force model, theory and experiment have progressed hand in hand. This progress, along with growing interest in the practical and industrial applications of these structures in cleansers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and energy production, demands a comprehensive, single-source reference to the current state-of-the-science. Drawing on the expertise of internationally known scientists, Giant Micelles: Properties and Applications summarizes the range of behaviors encountered in solutions of micelles and their applications in industrial processes. The book introduces theoretical aspects of the rheological behavior and formation of giant micelles from different viewpoints including molecular-level thermodynamic theory and computer simulations. It continues by focusing on the results of a variety of experimental studies using methods such as cryo-transmission electron microscopy, scattering techniques, phase diagrams, linear and non-linear rheology, and chemical relaxation. Illustrating the properties of giant micelles on solid surfaces, the book also considers systems of smart micelles that respond to external stimuli by a change of shape. The authors describe giant micelles formed from amphiphilic block copolymers as well as non-covalent polymers that exhibit similar rheological behavior to giant micelles. Finally, the chapters address current and emerging applications of giant micelles in oil and gas production, drag reduction, drug-delivery formulations, and personal care products such as shampoo. By gathering a range of information into one volume,

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Two of the most important yet often overlooked aspects of a medical device are its usability and accessibility. This is important not only for health care providers, but also for older patients and users with disabilities or activity limitations. Medical Instrumentation: Accessibility and Usability Considerations focuses on how lack of usability and accessibility pose problems for designers and users of medical devices, and how to overcome these limitations.Divided into five broad sections, the book first addresses the nature and extent of the problem by identifying access barriers, human factors, and policy issues focused on the existing infrastructure. The subsequent sections examine responses to the problem, beginning with tools for usability and accessibility analysis and principles of design for medical instrumentation. Building on this foundation, the third section focuses on recommendations for design guidelines while the fourth section explores emerging trends and future technologies for improving medical device usability. The final section outlines key challenges, knowledge gaps, and recommendations from accomplished experts in the field presented at the recent Workshop on Accessible Interfaces for Medical Instrumentation. Integrating expert perspectives from a wide array of disciplines, Medical Instrumentation traces a clear roadmap for improving accessibility and usability for a variety of stakeholders and provides the tools necessary to follow it.

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Our modern view of quality is a multifaceted conglomeration of probability, planning, and perception. Although warranties are important first as an estimate and then as a measurement of reliability, most books on reliability and quality relegate the topic of warranties to a single chapter. Today’s engineering student needs an integrated view that considers all aspects that contribute to overall quality along with methods to analyze, predict, measure, and improve each component.Reliability and Warranties: Methods for Product Development and Quality Improvement provides this unified treatment along with illustrative examples, end-of-chapter problems, and background material. Based on the author’s distinguished experience as a practicing engineer and educator, this text supplies students with a modern education in quality engineering and the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in the real world. It begins with preliminary results for dealing with failures followed by the modern definition and view of quality, various types and models for warranties, quality improvement, and perspective for achieving reliability and quality goals. It also includes a unique framework for measuring and tracking overall quality performance. Ideal for senior undergraduate and first-year graduate students taking courses on quality, reliability, or industrial engineering, Reliability and Warranties presents a practical, thoroughly integrated path to meeting both engineering and customer quality goals.

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The virtually universal popularity of caffeine, together with concerns about its potential pathogenic effects, have made it one of the most extensively studied drugs in history. However, despite the massive scientific literature on this important substance, most reviews have either focused on limited areas of study or been produced in popular form by individuals with surprisingly little relevant scientific background. Caffeine and Activation Theory: Effects on Health and Behavior brings together the leading experts from seven different countries to provide researchers and clinicians with the most comprehensive and balanced review of the scientific literature on the effects of caffeine found anywhere. It devotes unprecedented coverage to the impact of caffeine on cardiovascular functioning and pathology, details the pharmacological properties and neurophysiological effects of the drug, and thoroughly reviews literature concerned with the role of this powerful stimulant in mood, task performance, and psychopathology. This important new book is also the first source to provide an integrative scientific treatment of the effects of caffeine consumption on menstrual endocrinology and pathology, as well as on reproduction. Rounding out the coverage is a thorough review of emerging research on the possible benefits of caffeine and catechins in green and black teas. The highly integrative final chapter provides a clear understanding of what is known about the effects of caffeine, identifies specific areas in which further research is needed, and provides important methodological guidelines that promise to optimize future research endeavors. Filling the need for a current comprehensive resource, this volume provides extensive reviews of the major bodies of literature on caffeine, stimulates and guides future research, and provides clinicians with the information they need to understand, diagnose, and treat the effects of caffeine consumption in their pati

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The number of elderly patients with diabetes is increasing at a significant rate. Responding to this growth, this source serves as a solid arsenal of information on the varying presentations and challenges associated with diabetes in the geriatric patient, and supplies clearly written sections on the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes in elderly populations. With contributions from renowned authorities from the national and international institutions, this reference will depict the role of specific co-morbidities, socioeconomic aspects, and caregiver issues on the effective management of diabetes in the older adult.

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Sensor networks continue to grow in importance for modern communication networks. Communication protocols are at the core of these networks, determining their ability to function, their capabilities, and the environments in which they are able to operate. In chapters carefully selected from the popular Handbook of Sensor Networks, Sensor Network Protocols supplies a sharply focused reference on protocols, security, data processing, and energy management in communication sensor networks that is ideal for specialists in the field. Providing a succinct guide to the protocols currently used in advanced sensor networks, this book focuses on four main areas: routing protocols; data gathering and processing; security and reliability; and energy management. The book opens with a survey of the challenges and opportunities facing the field. Then, expert contributors authoritatively discuss routing technologies, next-generation enabling technologies, comparative study of energy-efficient protocols for wireless sensor networks, techniques to reduce computation and communication energy consumption, energy-aware routing, localized algorithms for sensor networks, and much more.Sensor Network Protocols details the techniques and technologies that are at the heart of modern sensor networks. It is an ideal reference for anyone interested in designing, planning, or building emerging sensor and communications networks.

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This important publication provides, for the first time, a comprehensive review of knowledge of reproductive seasonality in teleosts. It addresses why a particular species should show such seasonality, and how environmental cues act as regulators to ensure that reproductive maturation and breeding occur at the optimum time. The book considers the ultimate factors responsible for the evolution of reproductive seasonality in fish. It reviews salient concepts of reproductive seasonality in mammals. This volume also includes a review of accumulated knowledge of the control mechanisms of salmonids, gasterosteids, temperate cyprinids, cyprinodonts and other brackish-water forms, and marine and tropical freshwater teleosts. This is a work of value to research scientists in the field of environmental physiology, reproductive biology, and comparative neuroendocrinology and endocrinology. In addition, it is relevant for institutions involved with aquaculture and fisheries management. It is useful for post-graduate as well as undergraduate courses in fish biology and various related subjects.

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This volume emphasizes the application of modern biotechnological approaches to the study and control of animal parasites. The book begins by discussing molecular concepts and principles in general before moving on to cover specific applications for endoparasites, ectoparasites, and finally the hosts themselves. Animal Parasite Control Utilizing Biotechnology will be an instrumental reference in promoting a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship and suggesting viable means of controlling economically important parasite infections of animals. The book will be invaluable to zoologists, parasitologists, microbiologists, biochemists, geneticists, immunologists, physiologists, molecular biologists, veterinarian and medical scientists, and advanced students interested in the topic.

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For the first time, an entire publication has been dedicated to providing a critical review of the identification and analysis of the milk specific proteins such as lactalbumin, lactoferrin and casein; the non-milk specific proteins such as plasma and membrane proteins; and the minor nitrogen-containing components such as enzymes, hormones, and growth factors. Biological roles, whether nutritional, endocrinological or immunological, of the specific nitrogen compounds in mammary milk production and/or growth and development of the breast-fed infant are also presented. Identification of the molecular weight compounds that have led to questions about their function in milk and their inclusion in modern infant formulas is thoroughly discussed and of great value to scientists in sub-specialties of biochemistry, nutrition, physiology and immunology, as well as to pediatric practitioners with primary interests in the infant food industry, academia, or clinical nutrition. The thoroughness of each chapter, often providing an historical panorama of the specific aspect of milk composition, makes this book useful for both the uninitiated and expert audiences who are interested in advancing their knowledge of human milk biochemistry and its physiological significance to the recipient infant.

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Clearly explaining the logical analysis of biological control phenomena, Biological Feedback answers questions concerning everything from regulation to logic. This rare monograph presents a formal methodology for analyzing the dynamic behavior of complex systems. The easy-to-read text describes a simple logical formalization called "kinetic logic". The reader discovers how this method is used to predict all possible patterns of behavior of which a system is capable. It includes specific conditions required for each pattern. It also explains how to modify an incorrect model in order to account for the observed behavior. The authors give special attention to the two basic types of simple feedback loops: positive and negative. This volume is filled with easy-to-use tables, providing quick reference throughout the book. The subject matter is of great interest to everyone working in molecular genetics and developmental biology. Researchers, immunologists, physical chemists, physicists, electrical engineers, economists, and mathematicians will find this unique text to be an informative, indispensable resource.

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This book presents an authoritative review of the research regarding the influences of anabolic-androgenic steroids on metabolism. The book provides a concise description of the biochemistry of these steroids using simple terms and includes methods of separation and their clinical applications. The first section of the book examines the general structure, nomenclature, and classification of anabolic-androgenic steroids. Subsequent chapters explore concepts basic to understanding the pathways of their metabolism in both target and non-target tissues, including the interactions of steroids with receptors and the effects of steroids on the cellular metabolism of skeletal muscle. The changes and molecular base of modifications in metabolism during exercise involving anabolic-androgenic steroids are also described. Finally, a comprehensive review of methods for scanning and identifying anabolic-androgenic steroids in biological fluids is presented, as well as a discussion regarding the applicability and limitations of these techniques. The book provides valuable reference information for all scientists and clinicians engaged in sports medicine, exercise biochemistry, and endocrinology.

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Surfaces are a central to geographical analysis. Their generation and manipulation are a key component of geographical information systems (GISs). However, geographical surface data is often not precise. When surfaces are used to model geographical entities, the data inherently contains uncertainty in terms of both position and attribute. Fuzzy Surface in GIS and Geographical Analysis sets out a process to identify the uncertainty in geographic entities. It describes how to successfully obtain, model, analyze, and display data, as well as interpret results within the context of GIS.Focusing on uncertainty that arises from transitional boundaries, the book limits its study to three types of uncertainties: intervals, fuzzy sets, and possibility distributions. The book explains that uncertainty in geographical data typically stems from these three and it is only natural to incorporate them into the analysis and display of surface data. The book defines the mathematics associated with each method for analysis, then develops related algorithms, and moves on to illustrate various applications. Fuzzy Surface in GIS and Geographical Analysis clearly defines how to develop a routine that will adequately account for the uncertainties inherent in surface data.

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The purpose of this book is to collect into one volume the research done on the mass spectrometry of peptides. It balances a range of topics including theory, instrumentation, analytical techniques, and biological applications. The scope of the work contains three major sections: ionization methods, instrumental developments, and analysis of peptides. It describes 252Cf plasma desorption and laser-induced multiphoton ionization methodology. This exciting resource covers many new areas, including continuous flow FAB, quantification of human neuropeptides, and peptide mapping. It also discusses Q-FTMS, cross-links, and metal ions.

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Selected as an outstanding book in vascular surgery by members of the Society for Vascular Surgery.*This unique new text describes the current understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis. It also details the methods for quantitating and characterizing both experimental and clinical lesions, and describes the methods for preparing available animal models. Providing an in-depth review of each of these topics, the text organizes the information in one volume for the convenience of the reader. The text is divided into two sections. First is a description of the cell biology, biochemistry and pharmacology of normal vessels and of atherosclerotic human lesions, with details of the methods to accurately characterize and quantitate the disease. Secondly, it presents a description of the methods for preparing the available experimental animal models, including a discussion of the distribution and pathological characteristics of the lesions. It also includes comparisons of human atherosclerosis and experimental animal models. Intended to provide a basis for expediting future research in this priority health care area, this text compiles the available information for those who treat patients with atherosclerosis or who are involved in atherosclerosis research. It is of particular interest to students, physicians, and academic and commercial researchers.

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This publication explains the principles of the techniques used in disposition and metabolism studies in animals, in man, and in vitro. It includes methods for studying routes and rates of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of novel compounds and their metabolites. Relevant surgical, whole-body autoradiographic and pharmacokinetic procedures are discussed, together with techniques for separating and identifying metabolites and metabolic path-ways. Information on when the procedures are appropriate, and examples of what they represent, are presented in order to illustrate the value of such studies.

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Immune System Accessory Cells provides a comprehensive survey of all types of antigen-presenting and accessory cells. Macrophages are emphasized through descriptions of different types of endocytosis, other major properties, and all basic and new information concerning macrophages as antigen-presenting cells. Other topics covered include the impact of the immunodeficient state on accessory functions, the evolutionary emergence of accessory functions, and the role of various cell types in defense reactions in major assemblages of Metazoa. The book also presents a chapter describing the phylogenetic aspects of accessory functions, which traces the first accessory cells during the evolution of living matter.Immune System Accessory Cells is an excellent reference for immunologists, cell biologists, and others interested in developing an understanding of the roles of accessory cells in all facets of immune reactions.

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Epidermal Langerhans Cells focuses on epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and the important role they play in the induction of contact hypersensitivity and graft rejection. This in-depth work discusses how these antigen-presenting cells are modulated by various physicochemical agents (such as UV light) and how they can be infected by the AIDS virus. It also reveals that cytokines mediate their development into potent T cell-stimulatory dendritic cells. This comprehensive review covers important experimental details and methods, and fascinating information on LCs. It also provides an overview of the immune system as it relates to the skin in health and disease. This up-to-date publication is an indispensable resource for all investigative and clinical dermatologists, as well as immunologists interested in antigen-presenting cells.

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AudiencePostgraduates and researchers in the study of allergies, clinical immunology, chest diseases, pharmacology, physiology, and biochemistry.

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his book provides a comprehensive summary of data from basic research on characterization, regulation, and function of heme oxygenase in mammalian systems. The book also includes a major section that covers the currently used clinical methods to suppress neonatal jaundice with emphasis on the newly developed use of synthetic metalloporophyrins. This book will be welcomed by researchers and students in pharmacology, biochemistry, pharmacy, neonatology, hematology, internal medicine, and endocrinology.

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This two-volume work examines general relationships among the structures, reactivity, and properties of polyamides important for predictions in such fields as materials science. The team of authors, including polymer research chemists, physicists, and specialists in technology and processing, compiled an extensive amount of literature (over 2300 references) to produce two volumes packed with text, tables, drawings, and first-hand information, much of it never before published. Topics include lactams and their production, properties, analysis, theory, and the technology of their polymerization, in addition to polyamides and their processing, modification, analysis, molecular characterization, structure, physical properties, degradation and stabilization, designing and application of products. Researchers and specialists in the preparation, modification, processing, structure, and properties of linear aliphatic polyamides will find Lactam-Based Polyamides, Volumes I and II to be invaluable texts.

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This much-needed book provides an enlightening perspective on the environmental and human health impacts of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration. Over 100 tables and figures allows speedy access to important data you will refer to again and again. The comprehensive text assesses the human health risks associated with exposure to facility emitted pollutants-especially the highly toxic dioxin. It includes an evaluation of multipathway (inhalation and food chain) exposures. This essential publication also evaluates facility emissions, plausible air concentrations, the potential for deposition of pollutants onto plant, soil, and water surfaces, the movement and accumulation of pollutants through environmental media, and the potential for human exposure. Health Effects of Municipal Waste Incineration is an up-to-date volume which encourages readers to formulate opinions about some of the fundamental issues affecting the management of municipal solid waste. Anyone involved with environmental science, hazardous waste, toxicology, risk analysis and/or environmental engineering will certainly value and utilize this well-written resource.

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This unique volume provides an integrated overview of the subject of monovalent cations, specifically aimed at students and researchers. It is divided into two parts: the first deals with the processes by which monovalent cations are transported across biological membranes; the second deals with the processes that are affected by changes in intracellular cations. Each chapter describes in simple biochemical terms the interaction between one or more monovalent cations and a particular biological system of importance to current understanding of body function in health and disease. This useful publication is invaluable to students and researchers in biochemistry, physiology, neurology, pharmacology, anesthesiology, cardio-pulmonology, hematology, laboratory medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, internal medicine, psychiatry, urology, biomedical physics and medical nutrition.

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This up-to-date volume describes the wide variety of available methods concerning percutaneous absorption of drugs and toxins. It discusses in detail the advantages and disadvantages of each method. This unique publication provides a clear, systematic presentation of each aspect which must be considered when designing and performing skin penetration experiments and when interpreting results. It includes specific information regarding necessary supplies and equipment, along with commercial sources for these items. This state-of-the-art book is an ideal instructional manual for investigators uninitiated in performing percutaneous absorption and metabolism studies. Those involved with investigative dermatology, dermatological research, toxicology, and pharmacology will find this reference interesting and indispensable.

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Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is well suited for performing enantioseparations for research as well as larger-scale applications. A fast, inexpensive, and versatile separation technique, there are many practical considerations that contribute to its effectiveness. Thin Layer Chromatography in Chiral Separations and Analysis is the first book to focus solely on the theory, capabilities, and applications of TLC for direct and indirect enantioseparations.The first part of the book examines the fundamental principles of chirality and TLC. It describes the necessary materials, laboratory equipment, procedures, and strategies for the separation, quantification, isolation, and analysis of chiral compounds. The second part evaluates the real-world enantioseparations and densitometric analyses. Emphasizing pharmaceutical applications, the book discusses chiral separation mechanisms and methods for analyzing the chiral purity of diastereoisomers, amino acids, beta-blockers, and NSAIDS. Topics also include commercial stationary phases and chiral modifiers of mobile phases. Thin Layer Chromatography in Chiral Separations and Analysis presents a unified perspective of theory and experimental details underlying the collective developments in the field. The book offers scientists in a variety of disciplines and levels of expertise a complete guide to understanding the current and potential applications of chiral TLC.

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For the new millenium, Wai-Kai Chen introduced a monumental reference for the design, analysis, and prediction of VLSI circuits: The VLSI Handbook. Still a valuable tool for dealing with the most dynamic field in engineering, this second edition includes 13 sections comprising nearly 100 chapters focused on the key concepts, models, and equations.Written by a stellar international panel of expert contributors, this handbook is a reliable, comprehensive resource for real answers to practical problems. It emphasizes fundamental theory underlying professional applications and also reflects key areas of industrial and research focus.WHAT'S IN THE SECOND EDITION?Sections on… Low-power electronics and design VLSI signal processing Chapters on… CMOS fabrication Content-addressable memory Compound semiconductor RF circuits High-speed circuit design principles SiGe HBT technology Bipolar junction transistor amplifiers Performance modeling and analysis using SystemC Design languages, expanded from two chapters to twelve Testing of digital systems Structured for convenient navigation and loaded with practical solutions, The VLSI Handbook, Second Edition remains the first choice for answers to the problems and challenges faced daily in engineering practice.

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Rhinosinusitis is increasing in prevalence and incidence, and has been estimated to affect approximately 31 million patients in the United States each year. This comprehensive reference offers recommendations for the optimal treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and indicates pathways for new research in the field. Offering an interdisciplinary approach to the topic, edited by an allergist and an otolaryngologist, this source discusses advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the diseases, as well as important diagnostic tools for the assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis. It also summarizes published studies of chronic rhinosinusitis management for evidence-based medical care.

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Traditionally, the search for new compounds from natural products has been a time- and resource-intensive process. The recent application of combinatorial methods and high-throughput synthesis has allowed scientists to generate a range of new molecular structures from natural products and observe how they interact with biological targets. Combinatorial Synthesis of Natural Product-Based Libraries summarizes the most important perspectives on the application of combinatorial chemistry and natural products to novel drug discovery.The book details the latest approaches for implementing combinatorial research and testing methodologies to the synthesis of natural product-based libraries. Interconnecting the important aspects of this emerging field through the work of several leading scientists, it covers the computational analysis of natural molecules and details strategies for designing compound libraries, using bioinformatics in particular. The authors describe numerous synthetic methods for producing natural products and their analogs, including engineered biosynthesis and polymer-supported reagents. They also discuss additional considerations for generating libraries, such as screening, scaffolding, and yield optimization. Other chapters examine specific classes of libraries derived from natural products including carbohydrates, polyketides, peptides, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and fungal compounds.Drawing attention to the interplay of drug discovery, natural products, and organic synthesis, Combinatorial Synthesis of Natural Product-Based Libraries contains the most recent and significant methods used to search and assess new compounds for their ability to mitigate biological processes that may lead to improved treatments for various diseases.

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Taking an interdisciplinary approach that emphasizes the adaptability of immunochemical and related bioanalytical methods to a variety of matrices, Immunoassay and Other Bioanalytical Techniques describes the strength and the versatility of these methods in a wide range of environmental and biological measurement applications. With contributions from leading authors drawn from varied disciplines in academia, industry, and government institutions, the book discusses the evolution of the technology and explores the wide spectrum of chemicalimmuno methods available, including multiplexed immunoassays. It presents standard and innovative applications of immunochemical and related methods, such as microarrays and sensors, examines quality assurance guidelines, and offers insight into recently developed products and procedures.Meeting the continuing and pressing need for economical analytical methods that can detect trace levels of hazardous compounds in complex environmental and biological media, this text reviews breakthrough research, including the impact of nanotechnology. It describes the strength and versatility of immunochemical and related bioanalytical methods while highlighting other areas of applied bioanalytical methods. The book provides both a basic understanding of the field and an update on important technological advances such as new platforms and detection systems. It demonstrates how significant time and cost savings can be achieved for studies requiring repetitive analysis or having high sample loads.

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During the last two decades, the pharmaceutical industry has been under pressure to reduce development costs and the time needed to bring drugs to market in order to maximize return on investment and bring treatments to patients sooner. To meet these ends, pharmaceutical scientists working in the differing areas of pharmacy, pharmaceutics, and pharmacokinetics are collaborating to address physicochemical and biological issues in the early stages of development to avoid problems in later stages. In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation (IVIVC) is a multidisciplinary tool that has been successfully applied in testing the effectiveness of a drug substance. The only comprehensive guide available on IVIVC, this source illustrates the emerging importance of IVIVC in the drug development process, and covers the most recent advances and regulatory perspectives on the role of IVIVC in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Continuing the tradition set by the first and second editions, each a bestseller in its own right, the third edition of Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology provides reviews of environmental agents, updated to reflect the latest information on how these agents influence immune system function and health. For the first time in the book's history, an entire section covers the phylogeny and ontogeny of the immune system, spanning levels of biological complexity from earthworms to marine mammals.

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While evolving molecular diagnostic methods are being heralded for the role they will play in improving our ability to cultivate and identify bacteria, fungi, and viruses, the reality is that those new methods are still beyond the technical and financial reach of most clinical laboratories. Most clinical microbiology laboratories still rely upon culture methods for the identification of microorganisms of medical importance. The newest edition of the Handbook of Media for Clinical Microbiology addresses the needs of clinical microbiology laboratories and infectious disease researchers. Authored by Ronald Atlas and James Snyder, who over the years have built solid reputations among researchers for their exceptionally reliable media handbooks, this volume gives microbiologists in clinical and medical laboratories the reference they need to quickly and effectively deal with the modern challenges shaping the field.Organized for a fast-paced environment, this fully updated Second Edition provides clinical diagnostic laboratories with an easy-to-use reference for those routine and specialized media employed in the cultivation of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Almost 1,650 media are described in this edition, among them many newly developed media designed for the rapid detection and identification of disease-causing microorganisms, including those responsible for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.Describes media designed to cultivate and identify Escherichia coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant enterococciIncludes chromogenic or fluorogenic substrates that permit the rapid detection of specific pathogens critical to the diagnosis of individuals with specific infectious diseasesThe Handbook provides a compilation of the formulations, methods of preparation, and applications for media used in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Listings are alphabetical, and each inc

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Despite the prevalence of both pharmaceutical and behavioral approaches to encourage cessation, over a billion people still indulge in tobacco. Even in the U.S., where tobacco use is considered a clearly treatable and socially regrettable condition, a significant percentage of individuals remain resistant to treatment modalities. It is believed that the problem lies with the availability, the effectiveness, and the tolerance of the treatments. Thus, the development of new and more effective medications for treating nicotine dependence is an area of significant therapeutic importance, and one made increasingly more viable given our rapidly increasing knowledge about the actions of nicotine and tobacco components on the brain.“We are entering a Renaissance period … that promises to provide us with improved pharmacological tools to tackle this most serious of worldwide public health problems.” -- from the Preface Medication Treatments for Nicotine Dependence assembles contributions from leading researchers and clinicians to provide the most comprehensive volume on current and future possibilities for addressing nicotine and tobacco dependence with medication. Organized into six sections, this important work covers— Basic pharmacology and physiology of nicotine and nicotinic receptors First-line medications for nicotine addiction, including NRTs and sustained release bupropion Second-line medications including antidepressants, inhibitors, and antagonists Promising treatments currently in development Special topics such as the combination of medications with behavioral treatments and pharmacogenetic approaches to treatment The text concludes with the presentation of two unique perspectives on the development of medications for nicotine dependence and its implications for clinical practice. Medication Treatments for Nicotine Dependence serves as a useful primer and resource for established investigators, as well as those new to the research; for students from a range of disciplines, including pharmacology, psychology, public health, and medicine; and for those clinicians actively engaged in the treatment of nicotine dependence.

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A Complete One-Stop ResourceWhile digital color is now the technology of choice for printers, the knowledge required to address the quality and productivity issues of these devices is scattered across several technologies, as is its supporting literature. Bringing together information from diverse fields, Control of Color Imaging Systems: Analysis and Design is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals and algorithms of the numerous disciplines associated with digital color printing in a single resource. The authors review the history of digital printing systems, explore its current status, and explain fundamental concepts, including: digital image formation, sampling, quantization, image coding, spot color calibration, and one- and multi-dimensional tone control of color management systems — including process physics and controls.A Complete Self-Tutorial With Over 150 Design Examples and 120 Exercise ProblemsBased on the authors’ three decades of hands-on technical and teaching experience, the text provides engineers and technicians with an end-to-end understanding of the color printing process, and helps them build a foundation drawn from the diverse disciplines needed to manage and control digital production printers. The control theory and methods presented in this book are state-of-the art for color printing systems; however, coverage of theoretical concepts and mathematics are kept to the basics, as the book is designed to teach hand’s on skills that will allow practitioners to gain an immediate understanding of quality and productivity concerns. The understanding provided will help practitioners build the technical skills needed to help pioneer the next generation of ideas, algorithms, and methods that will further expand the frontier of this rapidly evolving technology.

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Mathematics does not exist in isolation but is linked inextricably to the physical world. At the 2003 International Congress of Industrial and Applied Mathematics, leading mathematicians from around the globe gathered for a symposium on the "Mathematics of Real World Problems," which focused on furthering the establishment and dissemination of those links.Presented in four parts, Mathematical Models and Methods for Real World Systems comprises chapters by those invited to this symposium. The first part examines mathematics for technology, exploring future challenges of mathematical technology, offering a wide-ranging definition of industrial mathematics, and explaining the mathematics of type-II superconductors. After lucid discussions on theoretical and applied aspects of wavelets, the book presents classical and fractal methods for physical problems, including a fractal approach to porous media textures and using MATLAB® to model chaos in the motion of a satellite. The final section surveys recent trends in variational methods, focusing on areas such as elliptic inverse problems, sweeping processes, and the BBKY hierarchy of quantum kinetic equations.By virtue of its abstraction, mathematics allows the transfer of ideas between fields of applications. Mathematical Models and Methods for Real World Systems clearly demonstrates this and promotes the kind of cross-thinking that nurtures creativity and leads to further innovation.

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Despite the progress being made by researchers, Alzheimer’s disease, along with other age-related neurodegenerative disorders, continues to exact a tremendous toll on our society. However, we are beginning to see a relationship that ties degenerative disorders to oxidative stress and lifestyle, suggesting the possibility for prevention and intervention through changes of individual habits, especially with regard to diet.Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Neurodegeneration brings together expert researchers involved with recent developments across a variety of fields. In looking at causation, prevention, and therapy, they offer contributions addressing these questions: What similarities and differences exist between normal aging and disease-related neurodegeneration in terms of susceptibility to and effects of oxidative stress? How can oxidative stress or its effects be attenuated? Do antioxidants prevent or slow the progress of the disease? Is there any role for natural micronutrients in the attenuation of oxidative stress and prevention of age-related neurodegeneration?Some chapters look at the various ways research is getting to the core of neurodegenerative disease, including the use of proteomics, comparisons to related diseases, and examinations at the cellular and molecular levels. Other chapters focus on specific antioxidants and nutrients cited as being impactful, such as those found in Gingko biloba, green tea, blueberries, and grape seed extract. Researchers in academia, industry, and clinical medicine, as well as students and scholars will find use for this timely collection, either as an introduction to our current understanding of neurodegeneration or as a reference for further research. Clinicians will also benefit, as this book explains the basis for many of the latest approaches to prevention and therapy.

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Written by an award-winning investigative journalist with more than twenty years of experience, Forensic Nursing takes an objective yet engaging look at a profession that according to the author, "is only for those with a strong stomach, a pure heart, and a quick mind." It presents the personal experiences and perspectives of forensic nurses that work in all areas of forensic and critical care/emergency practice. The book explores the many medico-legal issues that a forensic nurse will encounter during the course of a career. It details the pertinent medico-legal skill sets that every forensic nurse should acquire. It describes how to effectively yet sensitively approach situations involving sexual assault and interpersonal violence. The text also illustrates how to conduct a successful medico-legal death investigation. Also of particular interest is information on legal nurse consulting and nursing jurisprudence. The author describes how to prepare for trial and how to maintain professional conduct in the courtroom. She details how to collect DNA evidence and how to deal with the medico-legal issues that may arise from this evidence. Forensic Nursing also serves as a career road map for the beginning forensic nurse, as a motivational tool for the immediate-level nurse, and as a chronicle of past, present, and future challenges and victories for the advanced/seasoned practitioner.

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Hotter temperatures, less arctic ice, loss of habitat—every other day, it seems, global warming and environmental issues make headlines. Consumer-driven environmental awareness combined with stricter recycling regulations have put the pressure on companies to produce and dispose of products in an environmentally responsible manner. Redefining industrial ecology, while reconsidering the original definition, Environment-Conscious Manufacturing explores topics such as industrial metabolism, product design for the environment, design of reverse and closed-loop supply chains, and disassembly modeling, using case studies to support the discussion.After introducing basic concepts and the historical roots of environment conscious manufacturing (ECM), the text covers algorithms and heuristics; design for disassembly; the environment, recycling, and remanufacturing; disassembly process planning and scheduling; environmental impact assessment models; lifecycle assessment; logistic aspects; product reuse and recovery; and sustainable products. The chapter contributors discuss the selection of economical products, collection centers, recovery facilities, production facilities, second-hand markets and new products, the optimal transportation of goods, and the evaluation of a marketing strategy and futurity of used products. The book ends with an overview of the barriers to ECM and explores how to use integrative structural modeling to investigate, analyze, and overcome them. “Environmentally friendly” has evolved from reluctant compliance with required regulations to a mechanism for gaining the competitive advantage and an important part of strategic management. Expected benefits of this paradigm shift include safer and cleaner facilities, lower future costs for disposal and worker protection, reduced environmental and health risks, and improved product quality at lower cost and higher productivity. Describing the basic elements of ECM, this book gives you the tool

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Including the latest reviews of the most current issues related to food and nutrition toxicity, Reviews in Food and Nutrition Toxicity, Volume 3 distills a wide range of research on food safety and food technology. Put together by a strong team with a wealth of broad experience, the continuation of this important new series includes contributions from the fields of medicine, public health, and environmental science. Topics covered in Volume Three include:MEG-related toxic, pathological, and etiological findings in the liver, stomach, blood, testes/uterus, kidneys, peritoneum, and skin Current information on pharmacokinetic and toxicodynamic aspects of methyl mercury toxicity The limits set by various agencies for, and the possible effects of, exposure to Uranium via ingestion and inhalation Evidence that nutrition can modify PCB toxicity and its implications in numerous age-related diseases The most recent findings on oxysterols' toxic and pro-atherosclerotic effects and the use of antioxidants supplements to prevent their generation in foods Examples of published safety data, drug interactions, and problems with formulated products Potential dangers and benefits of genetically modified foods, moral and ethical issues, and benefit risk ratios Emerging issues in food contamination, recently-discovered contaminants, the increased use of genetically engineered crops, and their effects on children New views on the onset of celiac disease, its symptoms outside the gastrointestinal tract, and its diagnosis and management A timely compilation, the book sheds light on the most important issues in food safety today. It is a valuable resource for anyone involved in the food industry or academics researching food science and food technology.

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Vitamin K: Past, Present, Future Essential for normal blood coagulation, possible roles in bone, vascular, and tumor metabolism, and a nutrient critical to the health of the newborn infant -- these are just some of the many health-promoting aspects of Vitamin K. Vitamin K in Health and Disease navigates the exciting research venues that have opened in the past few years surrounding this micro nutrient, particularly its role in skeletal and cardiovascular health. It also provides the historical timeline of vitamin K research and discovery that began in the 1930s.Comprehensive in scope, this book offers complete coverage of the chemistry of Vitamin K; deficiency signs and nutritional assessment; metabolism and biochemistry; and pharmacology. It also presents up-to-date scientific studies on the nutritional, metabolic, and medical aspects along with a review of current dietary requirements and the difficulty involved in establishing an appropriate dietary reference intake for Vitamin K. Extensive References, More than 45 Illustrations, Numerous TablesBased on John Suttie’s 35 years of experience directing a broad vitamin K research program, this work discusses plasma and non-plasma Vitamin K-dependent proteins. It also includes helpful tables on food sources, population intake of Vitamin K, and the impact of diet on the circulating levels of the vitamin – highlighting the role of vitamin K in health and disease. Vitamin K in Health and Disease provides a foundation for future innovations in research and in determining the best ways to implement current knowledge.

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When it comes to electronics, demand grows as technology shrinks. From consumer and industrial markets to military and aerospace applications, the call is for more functionality in smaller and smaller devices. Culled from the second edition of the best-selling Electronics Handbook, Microelectronics, Second Edition presents a summary of the current state of microelectronics and its innovative directions.This book focuses on the materials, devices, and applications of microelectronics technology. It details the IC design process and VLSI circuits, including gate arrays, programmable logic devices and arrays, parasitic capacitance, and transmission line delays. Coverage ranges from thermal properties and semiconductor materials to MOSFETs, digital logic families, memory devices, microprocessors, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, digital filters, and multichip module technology. Expert contributors discuss applications in machine vision, ad hoc networks, printing technologies, and data and optical storage systems. The book also includes defining terms, references, and suggestions for further reading. This edition features two new sections on fundamental properties and semiconductor devices.With updated material and references in every chapter, Microelectronics, Second Edition is an essential reference for work with microelectronics, electronics, circuits, systems, semiconductors, logic design, and microprocessors.

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The field of signal transduction research is one of the fastest growing in all of biomedical research in recent years. Signaling through cell adhesion molecules have long been of interest because of their importance in embryonic development, homeostasis, immune responses, wound healing , and malignant transformation. However, it is only recently realized that cell adhesion molecules are capable of transduce biochemical signals across the plasma membrane to regulate cellular functions.Signaling Through Cell Adhesion Molecules brings together novel and current methodology employed in studies of signaling by cell adhesion molecules as presented by leading experts whose research has shaped this nascent area of signal trandsduction research. One of the unique features of this method book is its topic-oriented format; experts with "hands-on" experience present various techniques and answers to particular biological questions. Many chapters not only contain the "recipes" on experimental protocols, but also discuss the rationale behind their development.

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In recent years, sensor research has undergone a quiet revolution that will have a significant impact on a broad range of applications in areas such as health care, the environment, energy, food safety, national security, and manufacturing. Sensors for Chemical and Biological Applications discusses in detail the potential of chemical and biological sensors and examines how they are meeting the challenges of chem-bio terrorism by monitoring through enhanced specificity, fast response times, and the ability to determine multiple hazardous substances. Exploring the nanotechnology approach, and carrying this theme throughout the book, the chapters cover the sensing principles for, chemical, electrical, chromatographic, magnetic, biological, fluidic, optical, and ultrasonic and mass sensing systems. They address issues associated with cost, synthesis, and testing of new low cost materials with high sensitivity, selectivity, robustness, and speed for defined sensor applications. The book extensively discusses the detailed analysis of future impact of chemical and biological sensors in day-to-day life. Successful development of improved chemical sensor and biosensor systems and manufacturing procedures will not only increase the breadth and depth of the sensor industry, but will spill over into the design and manufacture of other types of sensors and devices that use nanofabrication and microfabrication techniques. This reference not only supplies versatile, hands-on tools useful in a broad array of disciplines, but also lays the interdisciplinary groundwork required for the achievement of sentient processing.

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Although there are numerous books on drug metabolism, Radiotracers in Drug Development is unique in explaining how radiotracers are used to elucidate a drug’s absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Covering traditional and recent technologies and applications, the book takes a strong industrial approach, discussing the basics of scintillation counting and untangling the various data processing methods often specific to individual manufacturers.The chapters include descriptions of the latest micro-plate counters and the growing applications of accelerator mass spectrometry, positron emission tomography, gamma-scintigraphy, and radioluminography. In addition to describing how the analytical technologies work, the contributors explain how the data are interpreted and used in the drug registration process. A unique reference and training aid essential for every drug metabolism department or drug metabolism research team, the book provides insight into the use and practice of ADME in a way that is both instructive and practical. Moving easily across the boundaries of biology, chemistry, and physics, this is the only comprehensive, interdisciplinary resource covering the how-tos of employing radiotracers in drug development. It provides detailed information on how the science is relevant to the registration process.

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