Search results for ""edward elgar publishing ltd""

This highly topical book presents a new theory on the characteristics of entrepreneurial knowledge. It explores the recent shift among professional economists and scholars in their evaluation of the debate of socialism. Socialism, Economic Calculation and Entrepreneurship presents an application of Israel M. Kirzner’s theory of entrepreneurship to the theory of the impossibility of socialism. It discusses the influence of the fall of socialism, with particular reference to the evolution of economic thought. With innovative and timely discussions, this book will appeal to students and academics in the fields of economic systems, the economic analysis of socialism and the history of economic thought. This important resource will also be greatly received by all scholars and students interested in Austrian economics.

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The analysis of corporate governance in small and medium-sized firms has been a much-neglected aspect of study in the field of corporate governance. This essential research review provides an authoritative overview of research in this topical field by successfully linking classical papers on corporate governance to the specific aspects in SMEs. The purpose of this book is not only to provide a review of the literature on governance in SMEs, but also from other social sciences and management perspectives. This title will be of great interest not only to lecturers and students interested in corporate governance but also to managers and policy makers.

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The new millennium has carried several challenges for patent law. This up-to-date book provides readers with an important overview of the most critical issues patent law is still facing today at the beginning of the twenty first century, on both sides of the Atlantic. New technological sectors have emerged, each one with its own features with regard to innovation process and pace. From the most controversial cases in biotech to the most recent decisions in the field of software and business methods patent, patent law has tried to stretch its boundaries in a way to accommodate such new and controversial subject matters into its realm. Biotechnology and Software Patent Law will strongly appeal to postgraduate students specializing in IP law, international law, commercial and business law, competition law as well as IP scholars, academics and lawyers. Contributors: S.D. Anderman, R.B. Bakels, S.J.R. Bostyn, D.L. Burk, V. Di Cataldo, V. Falce, C. Geiger, R.M. Hilty, C.M. Holman, M.A. Lemley, A. Ottolia, J. Pila, J.R. Thomas, P.L.C. Torremans

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This book is about innovation strategies for a global economy, their development, implementation, measurement and management. Following the global economic crisis, people are asking: what went wrong? Here, Fred Gault illustrates that a part of the problem was innovation in financial services, which resulted in the release of attractive new products to the market that diffused rapidly and then lost value. This book considers innovation and how policies are developed and implemented to support it. In so doing, framework conditions such as market regulation and the cost of doing business are examined to discover how future problems could be avoided. A better understanding of innovation and innovation policy may result in improved economic and social outcomes from these activities. The book therefore begins with an exploration of the language and system framework used to discuss innovation, and the statistical indicators needed to describe it. The author provides a critical assessment of innovation policy development, monitoring and evaluation, and considers innovation strategies, their components and management. He concludes by prescribing directions for new work in developed and developing countries.Academics engaged in the study of innovation policy, its monitoring and evaluation, will find this book to be of great interest, as will graduate students in the fields of business and management, and sociology. It will also strongly appeal to governmental policymakers and statisticians responsible for innovation statistics.

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Climate change will fundamentally affect every area of human endeavor, including the development of international law. This book maps the current and potential impacts of climate change on the norms, principles, rules and processes of international law. This timely study brings together a group of leading scholars in their respective fields of international law to examine the impacts of climate change, and our responses to it, on the whole spectrum of international legal regimes, including those dealing with everything from climate displacement, human rights, and international trade and investment, to the oceans, the environment, armed conflicts and the use of force, and outer-space. The volume also examines the impacts of climate change on the underlying principles and processes of international law, including those relating to the making and enforcement of international law and to third party dispute resolution. The book shows that there is much more to dealing with climate change than negotiating one global climate change-specific regime. Other areas of international law can, and must, be included in the solution. In this way international law can maximize its coherence and its efficacy. This well-documented study will appeal to international lawyers, academics, policymakers, government employees, negotiators, practitioners, international legal theorists and anyone interested in climate change and how to maximize our international legal and policy responses to it. Contributors: J. Brunnee, M.-C. Cordonier Segger, E. Crawford, A. Edwards, M.W. Gehring, C. Gray, J. Hepburn, E. Hey, K. Hulme, S. Humphreys, R. Lefeber, F. Lyall, A. Naude Fourie, H.M. Osofsky, R. Rayfuse, C. Redgwell, S.V. Scott

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Christian and Social Democratic parties have been the driving force behind welfare state developments post-WWII. This valuable book investigates whether continued party differences have contributed significantly to the design of social welfare in three conservative welfare states, Austria, Germany and the Netherlands, since the mid-1970s. Rather than assuming continued differences or convergence between parties, the primary focus is to empirically analyze party positions with regard to employment and labour market policies, social security, and family policies as well as the implemented policies themselves. The analysis demonstrates how changed interpretative patterns have led to a programmatic convergence amongst Christian Democrats and Social Democrats, largely resulting in a liberal-communitarian approach to the development of social welfare policies.Providing a comprehensive approach to welfare state analysis and scrutinizing the policy domains of employment, social security and family policies, this book will be of great interest to political scientists and sociologists interested in welfare state developments. It will also appeal to lecturers and postgraduate students in (comparative) social policy.

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Capitalism has outperformed all other systems and maintained a positive growth rate since it began. Svetozar Pejovich makes the case within this book that a major reason for the success of capitalism lies in the efficiency-friendly incentives of its basic institutions, which continuously adjust the rules of the game to the requirements of economic progress. The analysis throughout is consistent and is supported by evidence. Key components of the proposed theory are the rule of law, the market for institutions, the interaction thesis, the carriers of change, and the process of changing formal and informal institutions.This book will be of great interest to academics and students of law and economics, new institutional economics, comparative systems and public choice throughout the world and especially in East Asia and South America where institutional issues are being debated.

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Environmental conflicts over sustainability, environmental impact assessment (EIA), biodiversity, biotechnology and risk, chemicals and public health, are not necessarily legalistic problems but land use problems. Edward Christie shows how solutions for these conflicts can be found via consensual agreement using an approach that integrates law, science and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and reframes the role of law and science. This book assesses the key unifying principles of environmental and administrative law in Australia, the UK/EU and USA, together with accepted scientific concepts for environmental management and protection. By doing so it provides a cross-disciplinary approach to collaborative problem-solving and decision-making, using ADR processes to resolve environmental conflicts, and will be valuable to environmental professionals. The book also promotes the use of Indigenous traditional knowledge for resolving conflicts over sustainability, biodiversity and the EIA process.The book has been written to meet the requirements of any environmental professional - lawyer, scientist, engineer, planner - who directly, or indirectly, may be involved in development or planning conflicts when the environment is an issue. For the lawyer, this book, with its focus on understanding and integrating unifying legal principles and scientific concepts, consolidates opportunities for assessing and resolving environmental conflicts by negotiation.For the environmental professional, the book provides opportunities for managing environmental conflicts. In addition, opportunities are identified for resolving environmental conflicts by negotiation, but in quite specific situations i.e. when the interpretation and application of questions of law are not in issue and only factual (scientific) issues are in dispute. It will of course be of great interest to academics and researchers of environmental studies and environmental law. It will also appeal to the Indigenous community, environmental groups and local communities who are seeking more direct and effective inputs into finding sustainable solutions for environmental conflicts.

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This timely book examines the authorization of Shari?ah-compliant intermediaries as either credit institutions or as investment companies in the European Union.The contributing authors explore the key topics of this area through differing yet parallel perspectives ? for example, comparing economic and legal standpoints, looking at both European and national levels and considering both academic and technical approaches. The book discusses the common origin of Islamic and Western traditions in commercial and banking transactions, reviewing a period in which the Italian merchants and their organizations drove the rebirth of post-medieval society in trade and law. The editors investigate whether the Islamic banking and financial model complies with the European framework, spelling out the different experiences in single Member States (Germany, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom). Notwithstanding the obstacles to being authorized as domestic credit institutions, they conclude that the access of Islamic intermediaries is suitable and may have positive effects on European integration, as well as increasing the competition among the stand-still operators and evoking the ethical dimension of banking and finance. The book also highlights how Islamic banking would make the industry more inclusive.This multidisciplinary book will appeal greatly to economics and legal scholars with an interest in European and international banking and financial law, as well as postgraduate students in international law and banking law. Practitioners and regulators will also find this book an invaluable resource.

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This up-to-date book examines pharmaceutical development, access to medicines, and the protection of public health in the context of two fundamental changes that the global political economy has undergone since the 1970s, the globalization of trade and production and the increased harmonization of national regulations on intellectual property rights. With authors from eleven different countries presenting case studies of national experiences in Africa, Asia and the Americas, the book analyzes national strategies to promote pharmaceutical innovation, while at the same time assuring widespread access to medicines through generic pharmaceutical production and generic pharmaceutical importation. The expert chapters focus on patents as well as an array of regulatory instruments, including pricing and drug registration policies. Presenting in-depth analysis and original empirical research, this book will strongly appeal to academics and students of intellectual property, international health, international political economy, international development and law. Contributors: T. Andia, M. Bourassa Forcier, M. Flynn, P. Gehl Sampath, S. Guennif, A. Guzman, H. Klug, G. Krikorian, N. Lalitha, J.-F. Morin, K.C. Shadlen, L. Shi, M. Watanabe

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This book provides in-depth and innovative analysis of the minimum wage in Europe. The authors explore its role and scope within the enlarged EU, and address the question of whether there should be harmonization between the individual member states or even a common EU minimum wage. They also examine the impact of the minimum wage at the national level, looking at trends and effects through case studies of specific policy issues and industrial sectors.Minimum wage fixing has returned quite prominently to the core of policy debates as evidenced by the adoption of a statutory minimum wage in Ireland and the UK, a minimum wage agreement in Austria and the ongoing discussions in Germany and Sweden. Proposals to have common rules at the EU level have also multiplied since enlargement, in particular to minimize ?social dumping? and allow increased transnational mobility. This book assesses the renewed interest in the minimum wage in Europe, identifying the concrete effects of minimum wage fixing on employment, low pay, wage disparity, collective bargaining and migration.Bringing together 15 national studies from noted European specialists in the field, this timely collection aims to stimulate the current debate. It will appeal to academics, students, researchers and policymakers working in labour economics in particular, and European studies more generally.

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'This book overturns the old paradigm ideas about natural-resource-based activities. It sheds light on the new opportunities for technological dynamism and catching-up by using science to open novel directions in traditional sectors. It should become a classic in what I expect will be a very important academic debate and a new trend in development policy.'- Carlota Perez, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia, Cambridge University and University of Sussex, UK'This excellent book provides a deep understanding of why and how emerging countries are able to catch-up and enter international markets in an industry that once was considered as traditional, but which has now become a relatively articulated and science-based sectoral system.'- Franco Malerba, KITeS, Bocconi University, Italy'This excellent book demonstrates better than any other I know the strengths and limits of the concept of a national system of innovation for understanding economic development today. Any careful student of innovation or development will want to read it.' - Charles Sabel, Columbia Law School, US'In the New World, viticulture and wine production has had to develop with verve and enthusiasm, to be able to survive and to flourish. In countries like Chile and Argentina, the continuing decline of domestic wine consumption has forced technicians and entrepreneurs to conquer the world with innovation and technology, to produce wines of international taste and to attract potential buyers to these markets. This book is a very professional account of these phenomena, which have profoundly changed the marketing of wines in the past 20 years.' - Aurelio Montes, President of Vina Montes, ChileSince the beginning of the 1990s, the supremacy of 'Old World' countries (France and Italy) in the international wine market has been challenged by new players, such as Australia, Argentina, Chile and South Africa, which are recording stunning performances in terms both of export volume and value. This book demonstrates that such a spectacular example of catch-up goes beyond simply copying new technologies; it entails creative adaptation and innovation, and introduces a new growth trajectory in which consistent investments in research and science play a key role. Contributors: K. Anderson, L. Cassi, R.A. Corredoira, L. Cusmano, E. Giuliani, M. Kunc, J. Lorenzten, G.A. McDermott, A. Morrison, R. Rabellotti, S. Tiffin

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The fairness of institutions of global economic governance ranks among the most pressing issues of our time. Most approaches to understanding the complex structure of treaties and intergovernmental organizations such as the WTO tend to uncritically accept an economic focus, highlighting gains from trade and the merits of progressive trade and investment liberalization. While the economic arguments are compelling, other ways of thinking about the roles of these institutions have received less attention. The Research Handbook fills this gap by offering a substantial interdisciplinary examination of the normative and policy underpinnings of the international economic order.The book includes specially commissioned chapters based on theories of justice, human rights, and critical legal studies, as well as on economics and the internal structure of international economic law itself, all written by leading scholars in their respective fields. The contributors offer an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the relationship between international economic law and policy and the rights and welfare of peoples across the globe. The end result is an essential point of reference for developing a comprehensive toolkit for evaluating the institutions of global economic governance.Containing extensive and significant interdisciplinary coverage of key areas of research on international economic law and policy, this Research Handbook will appeal to political scientists, philosophers, legal scholars, economists and international relations theorists.Contributors: G. Brock, B.S. Chimni, L.V. Ciko, P. Clements, C.M. Correa, F.J. Garcia, B. He, C.L. Lim, J. Linarelli, S.M. Lundan, A. Maneschi, H. Murphy, E.-U. Petersmann

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This impressive Handbook provides a dynamic perspective on the development of successful born global firms, including evolutionary phases and pathways of growth, emergence of entire born global industries, role of founders' linkages, experience, culture and training, as well as collaboration with large MNEs. The expert contributors and the editors explore the origin and evolution of born globals and the changing history of this sector. They outline the training involved in developing international intellectual entrepreneurs and study the effects of different cultures on the origin and growth of born globals. The Handbook focuses on the different types of born globals that emerge from the general set of SMEs - ranging from the pure born globals to the born again globals, the born regionals, and their sub group of born again regionals. It also innovatively differentiates these from internationalizing SMEs and international new ventures. Providing a dynamic perspective on the development of successful born global firms, this book will prove essential reading for researchers and students of international business. Founders of born global firms will also learn about novel management practices, while educational institutions and governments will find invaluable insights on how to foster the emergence of successful born globals.

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This multi-faceted analysis of institutional investment defines `fiduciary finance' institutions as the third pillar of the financial system, alongside banks and insurers. It documents the role played by investment funds and the money management industry during the recent financial crisis, and provides an unashamedly critical review of the business disciplines which can dominate investment practices. It clarifies the economic significance of the investment industry (circa $60 trillion in assets) and the features which differentiate fiduciary finance from traditional financial institutions such as banks and insurers. Martin Gold reviews the intellectual foundations of the investment discipline and synthesizes the literature into the principal `scientific paradigms'. He explores the legal frameworks (prudential investment standards) that govern mainstream portfolio management practices which, combined with the commercial imperatives of the investment industry, can create marked differences from textbook depictions of investment management. Recent events have again called into question the worth of the now ubiquitous collective investments such as pension funds and mutual funds, and the integrity of the financial markets. Given the trillions of government funds which have been committed to financial bailouts, and the volatility experienced by investors, the author asserts that a critical analysis of fiduciary finance must question whether better outcomes can be achieved. Tellingly, most fiduciary finance institutions remain outside the perimeter of macro-prudential regulations. This challenging and multidisciplinary work promises to provide a fascinating read for academics focusing on economics and finance, money and banking, as well as for investment and financial services practitioners, policymakers and market regulators.

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In this unique and pathbreaking book, David Reisman examines the relatively new phenomenon of health travel. He presents a multidisciplinary account of the way in which lower costs, shorter waiting times, different services, and the chance to combine recreational tourism with a check-up or an operation all come together to make medical travel a new industry with the potential to create jobs and wealth, while at the same time giving sick people high-quality care at an affordable price. The book illustrates that it is no longer the case that medical attention must be consumed at home. Patients are travelling to Mexico, India and Thailand for a heart bypass. They are going to Hungary, Poland and Malaysia for dentistry. Doctors are migrating to Britain, the USA and Canada for new challenges. Hospitals are opening subsidiaries in Dubai, the Philippines and Costa Rica to see overseas patients on the spot. Integrating academic perspectives from medicine, tourism, health economics, development studies and public policy, the author concludes that the benefits both to the importing and the exporting nations are considerable, but that there are also some costs. He suggests that the new industry should be regulated and supported in order that it can do its best both for the local population and for the sick people who travel abroad for treatment. This fascinating and highly original book will be of great interest to academics and researchers in areas such as health economics, tourism, social policy, development studies, Asian studies and public policy. It will also prove invaluable to practitioners actively involved in planning and delivering medical attention in the global economic order.

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The second edition of this widely acclaimed and extensively cited collection of original contributions by specialist authors reflects changes in the field of cultural economics over the last eight years. Thoroughly revised chapters alongside new topics and contributors bring the Handbook up to date, taking into account new research, literature and the impact of new technologies in the creative industries. The book covers a range of topics encompassing the creative industries as well as the economics of the arts and culture, and includes chapters on: the economics of art (including auctions, markets and prices), artists labor markets, creativity and the creative economy, cultural districts, cultural value, globalization and international trade, the Internet, media economics, museums, non-profit organizations, opera, performance indicators, performing arts, publishing, regulation, tax expenditures and welfare economics. This highly commended reference tool will be warmly welcomed on a wide range of courses in the fields of economics, business, management, arts management and cultural and media studies.Contributors: H. Abbing, K. Acheson, K. Alford, O. Ashenfelter, W.J. Baumol, F. Benhamou, M. Blaug, L. Bonet, A.E. Burke, S. Cameron, D.C. Chisholm, F. Colbert, T. Cowen, T. Cuccia, G. Doyle, J. Farchy, V. Fernandez-Blanco, B.S. Frey, V. Ginsburgh, K. Graddy, C.M. Gray, J. Heilbrun, A. Henten, C. Hjorth-Andersen, M. Hutter, W.M. Landes, L. Levy-Garboua, W.A. Luksetich, C. Maule, I. Mazza, C. Montmarquette, D. Netzer, J. O'Hagan, G. Pignataro, J. Prieto-Rodriguez, I. Rizzo, F. Rochelandet, M. Rushton, D. Sagot-Duvauroux, W. Santagata, G.G. Schulze, B.A. Seaman, J.D. Snowball, M. Taalas, R. Tadayoni, D. Throsby, R. Towse, M. Trimarchi, D. Urrutiaguer, O. Velthuis, N.M. Wijnberg, G. Withers

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Explaining Compliance consists of sixteen specially commissioned chapters by the world's leading empirical researchers, examining whether and how businesses comply with regulation that is designed to affect positive behavior changes. Each chapter consists of reflective summaries on business compliance with different state or voluntary regulation, and the theoretical lessons to be drawn from it. As a whole, the book develops understanding and explanations of how, why and in what circumstances, firms come to comply with regulation, and when they do not. It also uncovers the complexity, ambiguity and transformation of regulation as it is interpreted, implemented and negotiated by firms, their stakeholders and internal constituencies in everyday business life. This unique and detailed resource will appeal to academics, graduate students and senior undergraduates in law, political science, sociology, criminology, economics, and psychology, as well as business and interdisciplinary areas such as law and society, and law and economics. Anyone researching business regulation, corporate social responsibility, regulation and compliance, enforcement and compliance, and public administration, will also find this book beneficial. Contributors: G. Auld, J.C. Borck, B. Cashore, C. Coglianese, L.B. Edelman, Y. Feldman, S. Gilad, G.C. Gray, N. Gunningham, F. Haines, B.M. Hutter, R.A. Kagan, O. Lobel, P.J. May, V.L. Nielsen, C. Parker, M. Potoski, A. Prakash, S. Renckens, M. Rorie, S.S. Silbey, S.S. Simpson, S.A. Talesh, D. Thornton, T.R. Tyler, J. van Erp, S.C. Winter

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This book offers the first scholarly analysis of the United Nations' work in the field of human rights education (HRE) and examines why HRE is so important.Paula Gerber argues that international law can learn from the medical profession, which has long recognized that 'prevention is better than cure'. There is an urgent need for HRE to be recognized as one of the best ways of preventing future human rights abuses; it is, in essence, a prophylactic for human rights violations. The book explores the provenance of human rights education in international law before critiquing the UNs work in this area across numerous different organs, including treaty committees, the Human Rights Council, General Assembly and Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. The author identifies a number of deficiencies in the UNs HRE activities, and makes recommendations for how the UN can more effectively promote HRE and increase states compliance with their international HRE obligations. This book provides a unique and timely insight into the workings of the UN in this vital aspect of international human rights law.Understanding Human Rights will strongly appeal to UN Bureaucrats, civil servants, human rights academics, human rights institutions and NGOs.Contents: Preface 1. Prevention is Better than Cure 2. Provenance of Human Rights Education within the UN 3. Human Rights Education and the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 4. Human Rights Education and the Committee on the Rights of the Child 5. Human Rights Education and the Human Rights Council 6. Human Rights Education and the Economic and Social Council 7. Human Rights Education and the General Assembly 8. Human Rights Education and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 9. Recommendations Appendix A. Extracts of Selected International Documents Relating to Human Rights Education Appendix B. Bibliography Index

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With the international community on the brink of an explosion of private remedies for violation of national competition laws, this timely Handbook provides state-of the-art analysis of the private enforcement of competition laws across the globe. Private enforcement of antitrust is becoming a significant component of competition policy laws worldwide; today, more than a hundred jurisdictions have adopted market regimes operating within a framework of competition law, providing a varied base for developing ways by which persons injured by anticompetitive conduct will (or will not) be able to obtain remedies. Written primarily from the perspective of the complainant, the Handbook contributes to the discussion by presenting empirical research on private remedies through unprecedented, detailed and systematic analysis of private antitrust enforcement in the US. The expert contributors - law practitioners in the US and 21 other countries - explain both the law and the realities regarding private remedies as they have experienced them. They provide useful information to law and policy makers contemplating the introduction or expansion of private enforcement and to competition advocacy NGOs, attorneys and others who may wish to support or utilize the tools of private enforcement. By way of conclusion, valuable observations are imparted and recommendations prescribed. This important Handbook will prove an invaluable reference tool for a wide-ranging audience including: international private practice lawyers, law academics and students with a special interest in competition policy, international government officials involved in legislation or regulation of private remedies in countries with competition laws, and economists consulting in competition cases.

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It is apparent that environmental issues affect the livelihoods and well being of individuals, communities and businesses the world over. In that vein, this book examines the impact that climate change and other environmental factors have on business. The effect of climate change, while a significant factor, will influence business slowly, but inexorably. Executives should manage environmental risk at three levels: regulatory compliance, potential liability from industrial accidents, and pollutant release mitigation.Companies that are proactive in mitigating their exposure to climate-change risks will not only generate new profitable opportunities, but also gain competitive advantage over their rivals in a carbon-constrained future. Enhancing Global Competitiveness through Sustainable Environmental Stewardship provides frameworks for identifying how climate change might affect a business, and suggests strategy guidelines to manage the risks and seek opportunities.This seminal collection of research will be of particular interest to students and scholars of sustainability studies, business and management, and business professionals concerned with the role they will play in the changing and challenging times that lie ahead for business growth and environmental consciousness.

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With global finance reshaping the world economy, this insightful new book provides a full account of the EU's financial integration strategy, together with a critical assessment arguing the case for social control over global finance.Written by acknowledged experts in European finance, this book discusses key issues from finance to general social developments, encompassing social security systems, employment relations, household saving and borrowing, and the question of economic stability. Thus far, America has been pre-eminent both in global financial markets and international banking - so how should the European Union meet this challenge? Global Finance and Social Europe constructively argues that an active response is required and highlights the importance of an integrated European financial system.Aimed at an international audience, this book will strongly appeal to researchers, academics and readers who share an interest in European integration and global economic issues.

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This book ? written by leading academics and practitioners in the field ? brings together cutting edge research on exchange rate regime and monetary union issues. There is a particular focus on the implications for member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which is itself working towards forming a monetary union for the Gulf States.The relatively dramatic movements in the US dollar in the recent past, and also in the early 1990s, have called the practice of pegging to the US dollar into question for a group of countries that predominantly rely on hydrocarbons as their primary export. The book considers the key issues which must be addressed by the GCC in trying to form a monetary union for the Gulf countries and also the rigid pegging of member states? currencies to the US dollar. The proposed monetary union raises clear issues in terms of the appropriateness of such a regime for these countries and whether, for example, the necessary institutional mechanisms are in place ahead of the proposed union. Currency Union and Exchange Rate Issues brings together the perspectives of a group of experts who focus on these important issues, and provide analysis of the policy options. Academics, policymakers and postgraduates in international finance will find much to consider and learn from in this informative book.

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Arguably one of the most important economists who has lived, Ricardo's impact on the economics profession is immense. This unique and comprehensive Companion elucidates his significance and continuing legacy. Ricardo made major contributions to all fields of the subject, from monetary issues to value and income distribution, from capital accumulation, technical progress and economic growth to foreign trade and international specialization, and from taxes to public debt. What he called the main problem of political economy, the distribution of income and wealth, is again back on the political and economic agenda with a vengeance. Leading experts in the field explore his influence and offer novel interpretations of received doctrines.The concise yet comprehensive entries are arranged alphabetically for ease of use with cross references and suggestions for further reading. The Companion will serve as the standard reference work for all those engaged in the field of classical economics. It will also be essential reading for scholars and researchers interested in the history of economic thought, macroeconomics and political economy.Contributors include: R. Arena, T. Aspromourgos, M.S. Aßländer, R.E. Backhouse, I. Barens, E. Bellino, C. Bidard, S. Blankenburg, C. Casarosa, R. Ciccone, S. Cremaschi, M. Dardi, G. Deleplace, T. Dome, G. Erreygers, G. Faccarello, R. Faucci, D. Fiaschi, S. Fratini, G. Freni, C. Gehrke, A.F. Gilbert, G. Gilibert, P. Groenewegen, D. Haas, H. Hagemann, A. Heertje, J.E. King, H. Klausinger, H.D. Kurz, A. Maneschi, M.C. Marcuzzo, F. Meacci, M. Milgate, G. Mongiovi, F. Moseley, D.P.O'Brien, A. Opocher, A. Palumbo, S. Parrinello, C. Perrotta, M. Pivetti, P.L. Porta, A. Quadrio Curzio, S.A.T. Rizvi, A. Rosselli, C. Rotondi, N. Salvadori, R. Signorino, N. Sigot, M. Smith, A. Stirati, R. Sturn, P. Trabucchi, H.-M. Trautwein, P. Tubaro, K. Watarai

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The broad field of employment relations is diverse and complex and is under constant development and reinvention. This Research Handbook discusses fundamental theories and approaches to work and employment relations, and their connection to broader political and societal changes occurring throughout the world. It provides comprehensive coverage of work and employment relations theory and practice. This up-to-date research compendium has drawn together a range of international authors from diverse disciplinary backgrounds. There are chapters from labor historians, theoreticians, more mainstream industrial relations scholars, sociologists, organizational psychologists, geographers, policy advisors, economists and lawyers. At the heart of each chapter is the notion that the world of work and employment relations has changed substantially since the halcyon days of IR, throughout the Dunlop Era of the 1950s. However many areas of enquiry remain, and more questions have developed with society and technology. This Handbook reflects this view. As the field of study and practice continues to evolve throughout the twenty-first century - what lessons have we learned from the past and what can we expect in the future? Academics and postgraduate students researching industrial relations, human resource management, employment relations, industrial sociology and sociology of work will find this important resource invaluable.

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Christopher Nobes is widely acknowledged as one of the most prolific experts writing on the international aspects of accounting. In this cutting-edge book he presents his key work on a number of topics which are at the heart of current research and debate - the international nature of development in accounting; new issues in classification; international financial reporting standards; and fair presentation. These issues are set in context and further analyzed through a comprehensive introductory chapter. This timely and authoritative book will prove to be invaluable for academics, researchers and postgraduate students of international accounting.

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How did climate change become an economic issue? Why is economic discourse so influential on the public policy of climate change? How can it best contribute to the scientific and public debates? Nine eminent scholars explain in this book both how economics has changed environmental understanding and how the study of climate change has modified the economy. Changing Climate, Changing Economy will interest researchers and students in a variety of fields including environmental policy economics, ecological economics, public policy and the environment as well as environmental ethics. Climatologists, environmentalists, public policy advisers and analysts will also find this book invaluable.

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Teaching Innovations in Economics presents findings from the Teaching Innovations Program (TIP) funded by the National Science Foundation. The six-year project engaged economics professors in the use of interactive teaching in undergraduate economics courses. Each chapter offers an insightful explanation of an innovative teaching strategy and provides a description and examples of its effective use in undergraduate economics courses. The book?s conclusion assesses the results from an evaluation of the program that reports detailed findings on how TIP fundamentals have contributed to faculty development and successful outcomes. The first three chapters of the book describe the results of TIP?s three phases: (1) workshops on teaching for college and university economics instructors that introduced them to a variety of interactive teaching strategies; (2) follow-on instructional modules that provided mentoring from interactive strategy experts and gave participants an opportunity to adapt and apply these strategies to their undergraduate economics courses; and (3) opportunities to contribute to the scholarship of teaching and learning in economics, which involves sharing and discussing teaching innovations with other faculty members in presentations, papers, and other forums. The chapters following describe the seven interactive strategies featured in the project: cooperative learning, classroom experiments, interpretive discussion, formative assessment, context-rich problem solving, teaching with cases, and active learning in large-enrollment courses. These seven chapters were each written by a team of four economists, consisting of a strategy expert and three TIP participants who used the teaching strategy in their classrooms with students. Written by economists and for economists, this is a valuable resource for all undergraduate economics instructors who seek to enrich their teaching and engage their students in employing economics theory and practice in the classroom and beyond.

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This authoritative title brings together a critical selection of important academic articles and practitioner-oriented papers that reflect current thinking and practices in the growing field of leadership development. It offers a solid foundation for theoretical approaches to leadership development and covers the key methodologies applicable to leadership development research and practice.

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Climate Change and the Oceans investigates the effects of climate change on the ocean environment and its implications for maritime activities, both globally and within the Asia Pacific region.This detailed work draws together informed opinion from a range of disciplines to examine the impacts of climate change on marine and coastal areas and review legal and policy responses to the rapidly changing ocean environment. Issues including the effects on fisheries and marine biodiversity in the Asia Pacific region, maritime security, global shipping, marine jurisdiction and marine geo-engineering are also explored.Examining the multiple impacts of climate change on the oceans and ocean based solutions to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change, this thought-provoking book will prove invaluable to academics, researchers and students in the fields of law, environment, ecology and political science. Oceans and marine environmental policymakers will also find this to be an essential resource.Contributors: A. Arsana, M. Haward, O. Hoegh-Guldberg, S. Kaye, R. Kenchington, L. Kirkendale, S. Palassis, C. Rahman, R. Rayfuse, A. Rubio, C. Schofield, R. Warner, P.C. Winberg

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During the past 25 years, independent regulatory agencies have become widespread institutions for regulatory governance. This book studies how they have diffused across Europe and compares their formal independence in 17 countries and seven sectors. Through a series of quantitative analyses, it finds that governments tend to be more prone to delegate powers to independent regulators when they need to increase the credibility of their regulatory commitments and when they attempt to tie the hands of their successors. The institutional context also matters: political institutions that make policy change more difficult are functional equivalents of delegation. In addition to these factors, emulation has driven the diffusion of independent regulators, which have become socially valued institutions that help policymakers legitimize their actions, and may even have become taken for granted as the appropriate way to organize regulatory policies.Providing a broad comparison of independent regulatory agencies in Europe, Delegation in the Regulatory State will be of great interest to researchers and students in political science, public policy, and public administration.

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Foresight has emerged as a key instrument for the development and implementation of research and innovation policy. The main focus of activity has been at the national level. Governments have sought to set priorities, to build networks between science and industry and, in some cases, to change their research system and administrative culture. Foresight has been used as a set of technical tools, or as a way to encourage more structured debate with wider participation leading to the shared understanding of long-term issues.In this comprehensive and critical Handbook, cross-cutting analytical chapters explore the emergence and positioning of foresight, common approaches and methods, organisational issues, and the scope for policy transfer and evaluation. Leading experts and practitioners contribute chapters analysing experiences in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the USA, Japan, China, Latin America, small European nations, Nordic countries and selected developing countries. The book concludes with consideration of the future of foresight itself.This fascinating Handbook will appeal equally to those wishing to apply foresight to their policy or strategy-making activities, and to those studying the theory and practice of foresight. The Handbook will be vital reading for policymakers considering, commissioning, or using foresight, companies eager to use public foresight, as well as academics and researchers in foresight, futures and STI policy and management communities.

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Welfare States and Public Opinion comprises an informed inquiry into three fields of social policy health policy, family policy, and unemployment benefits and social assistance. Though the analyses stem from research spanning fifteen countries across Europe, the conclusions can be applied to social policy problems in nations worldwide. Combining a detailed analysis of the institutional structure of social policy with the study of public attitudes toward healthcare, family policy, and benefits for the unemployed and poor, this book represents a new stream in public opinion research. The authors demonstrate that the institutional designs of social policies have a great impact on inequalities among social groups, and provide best practices for gaining public support for social policy reform.The wealth of information found in this comprehensive study will be of interest not only to scholars and students of sociology, political science, social policy, public policy and law, but to health and social policymakers the world over.Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Perceptions of Welfare State Institutions: Theories and Concepts 3. Healthcare Our Greatest Good? 4. Family Policy One for All? 5. Public Support for Unemployment Benefits and Social Assistance Schemes Money for Nothing or Help in Dire Straits? 6. Conclusion: Comparing Public Attitudes in Three Fields of Social Policy Bibliography Index

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Pharmaceuticals play a central role in health care throughout the world. The pharmaceutical industry is beset with difficulties as increasing research and development expenditure yields fewer new treatments. Public and private budgets strain under the weight of high prices and limited access. The world's poor see little effort to address diseases prevalent in less affluent societies, while the world's wealthy are overusing prescription drugs, risking their health and wasting resources.The debate over health care reform and the ongoing global economic crisis form the backdrop for this extraordinarily timely examination of the global system for the development, production, distribution and use of medicines. The authors are acknowledged experts in the fields of pharmaceutical law and policy, with many years experience advising governments, multilateral organizations and policy-makers on issues involving innovation, access and use of medicines. Supported by a team of independent scientists, doctors and lawyers, they take an insightful look at the issues surrounding global regulation of the pharmaceutical sector, and offer pragmatic suggestions for reform.This book will be of interest to government policy-makers, members of industry, healthcare professionals, teachers, students and lawyers in the fields of public health, intellectual property and international trade.

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The authors of this comprehensive book provide a detailed rationale and original theory for the study of leadership and institutional factors, including entrepreneurship, in the growth and development of cities and regions. They demonstrate why leadership, institutions and entrepreneurship can - and indeed do - play a crucial enhancing role as key elements in the process of regional endogenous growth. The so-called 'new growth theory' emphasizes endogenous processes. While some of the literature refers to leadership and institutional factors, there has been little analysis of the explicit roles these factors play in the growth and development of cities and regions. This book remedies that gap, beginning with a brief overview of the evolution of the 'new growth theory' in regional economic development, in which the emphasis is on endogenous factors. The book then discusses leadership and institutional factors in that context, creating a new path for understanding regional economic development processes. Multiple case studies from different parts of the world illustrate the theoretical concepts.Students and scholars in regional development, planning and public policy will find this volume invaluable.

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From its inception, the field of industrial ecology has taken a distinctly technological approach to understanding and improving ecological consequences of industrial activities. Increasingly however, scholars and practitioners are developing perspectives on the social embeddedness of industrial ecology: the ways in which material and energy flows in regions and product chains are shaped by the social context in which they occur. This book presents empirical work addressing how cognitive, cultural, political and structural mechanisms condition the emergence and operation of industrial ecology. Further exploring such mechanisms holds promise for understanding both the barriers to, and opportunities for, altering the ecological impacts of industrial practice.Through contemplative chapters and 'intermezzos', authors with different disciplinary backgrounds reflect on the contribution of work from various social sciences to industrial ecology. Unique to the volume, the authors of the commentaries bring in their personal and professional experiences, reflecting on how they have engaged in or have seen the value in cross-disciplinary work. They also include discussion explicitly on the dialogue and its value to the evolution of the field. In these ways, the book develops the dialogue between social science contributors and researchers from other disciplines within the field of industrial ecology.Scholars and students involved in the study of industrial ecology and related fields as well as practising managers and those involved in facilitating industrial ecology projects around the world will find this engaging and comprehensive volume indispensable.

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Barbara Czarniawska is a distinguished scholar and author in the field of organization. Drawing on her extensive knowledge she has gathered together other leading experts to apply organization theory to yet another relevant field of practice - risk management.There are no prescriptions for organizing in the face of risk and threat, but the accumulating experience shows that a well-rehearsed improvisation brings much better results than planning and construction of formal organizations. This timely book contains cases of risk and threat where the former strategy succeeds and the latter fails. The wealth of cases presented includes the Marburg virus outbreak in Angola, bird flu, health insurance after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, and the Tjorn bridge catastrophe in Sweden.Graduate and postgraduate students in business and management schools, as well as academics teaching courses in risk management across disciplines should not be without this book. Risk management specialists will also find this book invaluable.

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This innovative book analyzes the intersection between the fields of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Human Resource Management (HRM), with a focus on diversity management. The book presents the scope of institutional engagements with CSR and diversity policies in a range of organizations and organizational networks.The editors explore the macro, meso and micro aspects of CSR, answering questions such as: what are the socio-economic, political, legal and cultural influences shaping CSR and diversity management? What are the institutional practices for linking CSR and HRM, and what are the implications of this for employee and organizational well-being? And, how can the differing needs and expectations of a diverse workforce be fulfilled through CSR?Including both theoretical and empirical chapters, the contributors explore how global organizations and organizational networks can collaborate with stakeholders within their community to leverage their HRM strategies. They share their knowledge of the management process involved in mainstreaming diversity through effective design and implementation of CSR programes in organizations.This book will be a valuable resource for students at postgraduate and research level. It will also appeal to international audiences, including academic researchers, policy makers and organizational practitioners interested in the concept of corporate social responsibility and its links to human resource management in the context of globalization.Contributors: M. Al-Reyaysa, K. Amaeshi, A. Atewologun, M. Atiq, A. Beauregard, V. Braga, M.G. Bruna, A. Chand, C. Chauzal-Larguier, Z. Chiba, R. Dang, H. Desivilya Syna, A. Dirani, K. El Menzhi, W. Harvey, J. Howells, S. Ibrahim, D. Jamali, K. Jonsen, M. Karatas-Özkan, C. Marques, A. Murer-Duboisset, S. Naidu, K. Nicolopoulou, M. Özbilgin, R.D. Pathak, A.H. Pinnington, R. Pompeu, M. Raz, A. Rottman, A.M. Suliman, A. Tatli, B. Thomas, S. Thomas, H. Vermaut, L.-C. Vo, C. Yavuz, P. Zanoni

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Comparative Ocean Governance examines the world's attempts to improve ocean governance through place-based management - marine protected areas, ocean zoning, marine spatial planning - and evaluates this growing trend in light of the advent of climate change and its impacts on the seas. This monograph opens with an explanation of the economics of the oceans and their value to the global environment and the earth's population, the long-term stressors that have impacted oceans, and the new threats to ocean sustainability that climate change poses. It then examines the international framework for ocean management and coastal nations' increasing adoption of place-based governance regimes. The final section explores how these place-based management regimes intersect with climate change adaptation efforts, either accidentally or intentionally. It then offers suggestions for making place-based marine management even more flexible and responsive for the future. Environmental law scholars, legislators and policy makers, marine scientists, and all those concerned for the welfare of the world's oceans will find this book of great value.

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This book examines the important role of consumer activism in health policy in different national contexts. In an age of shifting boundaries between state and civil society, consumer groups are potentially drivers of democratization in the health domain. The expert contributors explore how their activities bring new dynamics to relations between service providers, the medical profession, government agencies, and other policy actors. This book is unique in comprehensively analyzing the opportunities and dilemmas of this type of activism, including ambiguous partnerships between consumer groups and stakeholders such as the pharmaceutical industry. These themes are explored within an internationally comparative framework, with case studies from various countries. Students and researchers in the fields of health policy and sociology, public policy and social movements will find this relevant and path-breaking book enlightening. It will also prove invaluable for participants and activists in patient and health consumer organizations.Contributors include: K. Adams, W. Armstrong, R. Baggott, R. Bal, S. Barraclough, G. Braunegger-Kallinger, J. Church, D. Delnoij, R. Edwards, R. Forster, M. Fox, B. Fredericks, J. Geissler, P.C. John, K. Jones, M. Koivusalo, K. Krajic, A. Lambertson, M. Leahy, D. Legge, H. Lofgren, T. Milewa, C. Nunez Daw, O. O'Donovan, K.-L. Phua, A. Schipaanboord, J. Tritter, D. Truong, P. Vaillancourt Rosenau, A. Vitry

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This landmark book takes a retrospective look at the most important and influential works in the study of stakeholders since Freeman?s 1984 publication, Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. 2009 marked the 25th anniversary of this watershed in organizational scholarship, so now is an excellent time for Phillips and Freeman to revisit this topical and exciting subject.From the tremendous upsurge in the literature, the editors have carefully selected ground-breaking works on topics including corporate governance, stakeholder-agency theory, management models, ethical theory and stakeholder orientation. This invaluable volume will shape the thinking of scholars and academics for the next 25 years.

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This timely and significant book seeks to explain the deep-seated complexities of terrorism and insurgency in Southeast Asia. In the aftermath of 9/11, this region has been designated by the United States to be the 'second front' in the war on terrorism. Yet despite the emergence of this 'new' global terrorism, the authors argue that armed rebellion in Southeast Asia is a phenomenon that predates Al Qaeda and the global Jihadist movement and that much can be learned from the motivations behind it.Written by a group of leading Western and emerging Southeast Asian scholars, this extensive volume demonstrates the difficulty and diversity of rebellion in Southeast Asia, and explores its intricate historical, political, social and economic roots. The book will serve as an excellent reference and educational text, providing an empirical and regional guide to the complex problem of insurgency in Southeast Asia. It will also contribute to a more educated understanding that could provide the basis for appropriate counter-terrorism strategies in this important part of the world.Comprehensive and engaging, this volume will find widespread appeal amongst researchers, students and policymakers interested in terrorism, international relations and Asian studies and will also be an invaluable tool for studies into political violence and security.

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Entrepreneurship and the Creative Economy contains a range of theoretical and empirically based research contributions that collectively consider and debate the process, policy and practice of the creative economy.The 'creative economy' and the broad spectrum of creative industries that it encompasses, is increasingly important in the 21st century's global economy. In challenging economic conditions, creative industries are both politically and economically appealing with governments around the world now recognizing their potential as a source of employment and entrepreneurial endeavor. As such, this informative book will play a vital part in furthering our understanding of the creative industries and the role they play in economic development.This enlightening compendium, researched by leading authors in the field will prove invaluable for students, academics and researchers in the fields of creative entrepreneurship, creative industries and the creative economy.Contributors include: E. Allen, A. de Bruin, T. Fuller, P.G. Greene, C. Henry, C. Mills, S.J. Norman, E. Noyes, S. Parise, A. Penaluna, K. Penaluna, D. Rae, S. Roodhouse, C. Taylor, B.V. Tjemkes, L. Warren

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This topical study focuses on entrepreneurship and economic development in Europe's border regions. It highlights the effects of EU enlargement in these regions - both within the EU and in neighboring countries - paying particular attention to cross-border entrepreneurial activity.Cross-border cooperation involving entrepreneurs is attracting increasing attention in Europe as EU enlargement has increased the length of its borders with the former Soviet republics. The expert contributors highlight that border regions tend to be economically disadvantaged as a result of their peripherality, which means that cross-border cooperation for business purposes represents a potential development tool. This groundbreaking book contains an empirical evidence base drawn from regions in EU member states and the Newly Independent States, as well as providing a conceptual base for informed policy development.This insightful book will prove invaluable for academics and students of entrepreneurship, economics, development and European studies.Contributors include: E. Aculai, G. Agelopoulos, N. Alex, A. Bulgac, V. Gryga, N. Isakova, S. Kolb, K. Kolarov, O. Krasovska, L. Labrianidis, O. Linchevskaya, B. Piasecki, M. Pihlak, A. Pobol, A. Rogut, M. Slonimska, A. Slonimski, D. Smallbone, K. Todorov, U. Venesaar, N. Vogiatzis, E. Voutira, M. Xheneti, F. Welter, P. Zashev

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While retiree health plans are a dying benefit in the private sector, all US states and many local governments extend health insurance coverage to their retired employees. This book is the first to thoroughly examine public sector health insurance plans. Retiree Health Plans in the Public Sector provides a detailed description of the current plans offered and compares how they vary across states. Health insurance is an important component of compensation in the public sector as it helps governments attract and retain quality workers and encourages timely retirement for career employees. Rapidly rising medical costs, an aging labor force, and an increasing number of retirees have dramatically increased the cost of providing this benefit. A central theme of this analysis is a presentation of the actuarial accrued liabilities, the unfunded liabilities and the annual required contribution of the employers based on the actuarial statements for retiree health plans. The authors also investigate why some states face major funding problems while the costs of other states' plans are much more manageable. Extensively researched and well-suited for classroom and professional use alike, academics in the fields of economics and public policy will find this an unmatched resource. So too will policymakers, economists, legislators, public sector union leaders and those invested in public sector healthcare.

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Employment protection legislation is one of the most controversial issues in the labour market. In this insightful book, Per Skedinger provides an overview of the design, evolution and research on the effects of employment protection legislation around the world. Most countries have some form of employment protection legislation. Against a background of high and rising unemployment in many countries, politicians and representatives of unions and businesses often have differing views as to the desirability, effects and distributional consequences of the legislation. The book covers more than one hundred international studies, dealing with the impact of legislation on productivity, personnel turnover, structural change, perceived job security, and the aggregate level and distribution of employment and unemployment. Being the first comprehensive and up-to-date survey available of economic research on the effects of employment protection, this book will appeal to researchers in economics, industrial relations and law, as well as to policymakers and practitioners dealing with employment protection issues in government, business and trade unions.

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Higher education functions in a global environment of consumers, employees, competitors, and partners. It has been a force for globalization and a model for adaptation, but nonetheless faces challenges. This volume of essays examines emerging issues and opportunities for advancing education across borders.The demands upon and need for higher education have never been greater at both the individual and societal levels, and the avenues for pursuing the mission of higher education have greatly expanded due to globalization. This volume examines how strategically minded institutions can better fulfill their mission in a global environment while promoting international collaboration and strengthening the world economy. Chapter authors include prominent senior administrators from higher education and leading researchers on higher education and globalization. They provide new and actionable information to enhance decision making and inform strategic planning as well as a contemporary examination of the business of higher education and areas of potential new research.This book is an excellent resource for academic administrators, as well as for researchers and students in business, management, economics, education, and public sector economics.

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Building on Oliver Williamson's original analysis, the contributors introduce new ideas, different perspectives and provide tools for better understanding changes in the approach to regulation, the reform of public utilities, and the complex problems of governance. They draw largely upon a transaction cost approach, highlighting the challenges faced by major economic sectors and identifying critical flaws in prevailing views on regulation. Deeply rooted in sector analysis, the book conveys a central message of new institutional economics: that theory should be continuously confronted by facts, and reformed or revolutionized accordingly. With its emphasis on the institutional embeddedness of regulatory issues and the problems generated by the 'benign neglect' of institutional factors in the reform of major public utilities, this book will provide a wide-ranging audience with challenging views on the dynamics of regulatory approaches. Economists, political scientists, postgraduate students, researchers and policymakers with an interest in institutional economics and economic organization will find the book to be a stimulating and enlightening read.

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