Search results for ""Taylor Francis Inc""

The Serpentine Wall is chronologically structured, befitting a history of church-state separation in the United States. It begins with a history of ideas approach to the European backgrounds and colonial American experiments in theocracy and freedom of religion. It covers pre-modern American debates about religious freedom among the founding generation right up through the nineteenth century. The final section of the book focuses on the separation of church and state and how this has become a matter determined by the Supreme Court.The resolution of the proper interpretation of the religious clauses of the First Amendment and the course of the boundary between church and state has been slow. Many changes that took place throughout the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century have influenced the increasingly circuitous route taken by the Serpentine Wall between the two. The result has been an increased focus on social issues involving questions of interpretation of the establishment and free exercise clauses of the First Amendment.The founding of the United States was a unique event in human history and the result of factors that are unlikely to be repeated. To understand the founding of a democratic country with a unique arrangement between church and state, it is important to view that development as both a product of and a departure from what had come before. Harris' interesting, unique, philosophical viewpoint will be important to those interested in how the roles of church versus state have evolved in the United States.

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This motivational analysis of the protagonists in Thomas Hardy's three most widely read novels--Tess of the d'Urbervilles, The Mayor of Casterbridge, and Jude the Obscure--highlights an often-overlooked aspect of his art. Bernard J. Paris shows Hardy's genius in creating imagined human beings. He demonstrates that while Hardy tends to blame external conditions for his characters' painful fates, their downfalls are due to a very complex combination of cosmic, social, and psychological factors. Hardy's characters are usually discussed primarily in thematic terms. The characters are are so richly portrayed, Paris argues, that they can be better understood independent of Hardy's interpretations, in motivational terms and he utilizes the psychologist Karen Horney's theories to recover Hardy's intuitions. The characters are full of inner conflicts that make them difficult to fathom, but the approach Paris employs explains their contradictions and illuminates their troubled relationships--shedding light on these expertly crafted imagined human beings. This psychological approach to Hardy's characters enables us to understand his characters and gain insight into the implied authors of the works. In addition, the approach shows Hardy's authorial personality. We can see that Hardy treats some defensive strategies more sympathetically than others. Given his view of life as "a general drama of pain," resignation, like that of Hardy's character Elizabeth-Jane, is the strategy he prefers.

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Until the start of the new century, efforts to strengthen health systems focused solely on the public sector and health programs overseen by public bodies. The private sector was sidelined in certain countries and even banned in others. At the same time, some private-sector stakeholders readily adapted themselves to this special situation so as to avoid becoming part of a structured health system.This volume notes profound changes in health care around the world in two areas. The stakeholders involved in the health sector are increasing in number and diversifying as a result of the development of the private sector. They are also responding to a process of democratization and decentralization. These developments have been paralleled by greater functional differentiation. Various stakeholders are increasingly specializing in particular areas of the health system: service delivery, procurement, management, financing, and regulation.The interdependence of health stakeholders becomes more evident along with the increased complexity of delivery systems as these respond to changing demand. There is a compelling need to forge relationships. Such relationships are in fact emerging in developed countries and, more recently, in developing countries. They may be informal, but are increasingly organized and structured.

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In the few short decades since their commercial deployment, 5 billion people—about three-quarters of all humanity, including children—have become mobile phone users. No technology has even approached the mobile phone's wildfire success. Effects of this success are apparent everywhere, ranging from accident scenes and earthquake rescue efforts to demeanor in the classroom and at dinner tables. No one interested in the next generation of issues provoked by the mobile communication revolution will want to miss this important new collection of essays.The mobile phone has given near-transcendent power to ordinary people. All aspects of social life have been touched by mobile technology. An ever-growing host of tracking, immersion, gaming, and commercial applications are becoming available. The community of mobile communication scholars has blossomed from a handful of pioneers a decade ago to a large and dynamic intellectual community that spans the globe. Area researchers have gained much insight into cultural, symbolic, and social interaction aspects of mobile communication as well as its relevance to commerce.To address the social policy dimension of the mobile communication revolution, this volume presents analyses by leading thinkers in the field. The volume offers novel and keen insights into the topic. Subjects include the role of mobiles in policy formation and evaluation in several areas including the mobile-digital divide and political campaigns. Also explored are processes and policy implications of mobiles in creating or alleviating social problems including social isolation and family dispersion. Other chapters analyze social policies for mobile devices, including attempts to regulate the use of the technology and to understand and moderate its potential harm to human health. The contributors' scope ranges across five continents and they address concerns at local, national, and international levels.

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Diseases and Diagnoses discusses why such social problems as addiction, sexually transmitted diseases, racial predisposition for illness, surgery and beauty, and electrotherapy, all of which concerned thinkers a hundred years ago, are reappearing at a staggering rate and in diverse national contexts. In the twentieth century such problems were viewed as only historical concerns. Yet in the twenty-first century, we once again find ourselves confronting their implications.In this fascinating volume, Gilman looks at historical and contemporary debates about the stigma associated with biologically transmitted diseases. He shows that there is no indisputable way to measure when a disease or therapy will reappear, or how it may be perceived at any given moment in time. Consequently, Gilman focuses on the socio-cultural and political implications that the reappearance of such diseases has had on contemporary society. His approach is to show how culture (embedded in cultural objects) both feeds and is fed by the claims of medical science-as for example, the reappearance of "race" as a cultural as well as a medical category.If the twentieth century was the "age of physics," in the latter part of the past century and certainly in the twenty-first century biological concerns are recapturing central stage. Achievements of the biological sciences are changing the public's sense of what constitutes cutting-edge science and medicine. None has captured the public imagination more effectively than the mapping of the human genome and the promise of genetic manipulation, which fuel what Gilman calls a "second age of biology." Although not without controversy, the role of genetics appears to be key. Gilman puts contemporary debates in historical context, showing how they feed social and cultural concerns as well as medical possibilities.

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Despite the promise of improving care and other benefits, EMR implementations are highly disruptive to the organization.. This book will show you how to create an environment for success in your organization to not only ensure that your EMR implementation effort is successful but that your organization builds change capacity and flexibility in the process. This new nimbleness will serve you well in our world of continual change.

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Weaver's Ethics of Rhetoric, originally published in 1953, has been called his most important statement on the ethical and cultural role of rhetoric. A strong advocate of cultural conservatism, Weaver (1910-1953) argued strongly for the role of liberal studies in the face of what he saw as the encroachments of modern scientific and technological forces in society. He was particularly opposed to sociology. In rhetoric he drew many of his ideas from Plato, especially his Phaedrus. As a result, all the main strands of Weaver's thought can be seen in this volume, beginning with his essay on the Phaedrus and proceeding through his discussion of evolution in the 1925 Scopes "Monkey Trial." In addition, this book includes studies of Lincoln, Burke, and Milton, and remarks about sociology and some proposals for modern rhetoric. Each essay poses issues still under discussion today.

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AIDS is the number one health issue facing the nation today. The way in which AIDS relates to substance abuse is explored by drug abuse researchers in this timely volume. A major focus of AIDS and Alcohol/Drug Abuse is on the problems of conducting AIDS research on racial minorities in this country. Bringing together experts in the field, this volume examines the specific obstacles and challenges researchers have faced in assessing and addressing the needs of underserved populations and maps routes and procedures that can improve both research and available health care services.This unique volume also focuses on aspects of HIV infection that have received little attention elsewhere. It includes the first information published in the open literature about intravenous drug use in Alaska. Another chapter highlights some little-known facts that relate substance abuse to HIV infection in the American Indian/Alaskan Native population, among whom--it has been predicted--a devastating epidemic of HIV infection is likely. Problems with prevention, research, and treatment of individuals who are both intravenous drug users and who are infected with HIV are explored. Other chapters look at the transmission of HIV infection--by gay men who are alcoholics and by intravenous drug users. AIDS and Alcohol/Drug Abuse ends with hopeful chapter for AIDS prevention. Readers interested in the relationship of intravenous drug use and HIV infection, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities, will find this to be a practical, readable book. In particular, substance abuse counselors and researchers, and anyone involved in the AIDS prevention movement will find a valuable wealth of information.

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This by now well-known pioneering dialogue on Freudian analysis is concerned not with therapeutic implications, individual or social, of psychoanalysis or of any other brand of psychology, but solely with the status of psychoanalysis as a scientific theory. Matching talents with a distinguished group of philosophers and social scientists, psychoanalysts made their claims and willingly subject them to the methodological scrutiny common to the sciences and the philosophy of science. This book records one of the few times in the United States that a distinguished group of psychoanalysts met with an equally distinguished group of philosophers of science in a free, critical interchange of view on the scientific status of the field. While a sense of the event’s excitement is captured here, it also had clear results, such as an expanded notion of psychoanalysis as a scientific theory, and a clear realization that certain elements in psychoanalysis are substantially beyond the boundaries of causal inference or the rules of logic.Two opening statements by Heinz Hartmann and Ernest Nagel set the tone for the debate and discussion that followed. These are followed by social scientific statements of Abram Kardiner, Ernest van den Haag, and Alex Inkeles, followed by the philosophers Morris Lazerowitz, Donald C. Williams, and Anthony Flew. Such distinguished scholars as Adolf Grunbaum, Michael Scriven, Gail Kennedy, Arthur Pap, Philipp Frank. Arthur C. Danto, Max Black and others, round out this pioneering effort in the literature of intellectual combat.Sidney Hook applies to his vision of psychoanalysis the same compelling rigor he applied to other would-be advocates of a science beyond ordinary scientific method or safeguards. He nonetheless points out that even therapeutic success is not the last word, but must itself be tested on a variety of measures: statistical no less than analytical. This remains a courageous and disturbing work, one that commands attention among practicing psychiatrists, psychoanalysts—and their would-be patients.

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In 1934, the Pacific Coast was shaken by a massive strike of waterfront workers- on the docks and the ships. In this mighty struggle, the Sailor’s Union of the Pacific, quiescent since it’s defeat in the period after the first World War was reborn. Fighting on San Francisco’s Embarcadero led to the stationing of National Guard troops on the ‘front’. This book looks at the Union from 1885 to 1985.

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Most studies of fear of crime assume that is rimarily induced by direct or indirect contact with a criminal event. Consequently programs designed to deal with this problem focus on either increased police protection or a number of crime prevention programs. In this study, Dan A. Lewis and Greta W. Salem raise questions both about the validity of these assumptions and the effectiveness of the programs. A five-year investigation has led the authors to challenge those theories that focus only on the psychological responses to victimizations and fail to take into account the social and political environments within which such fears are shaped and nurtured.Explicitly laying out a 'social control' perspective which informs their research and analysis, the authors examine the fear of crime in ten neighorhoods in Chicago, San Francisco, and Philadelphia which represent the range of communities typically found in urban areas. On the basis of their analysis the authors contend that fear of crime is not related to exposure or knowledge about criminal events alone but also stems from residents' concerns about broad changes taking place in their neighborhoods. Many people, they argue, are afraid not only because crime occurs but also because they believe that they have lost control over the environment in which they live.Lewis and Salem conclude that the eradication of fear of crime requires strategies that move beyond the traditional crime prevention programs to consider ways to restore the control that community residents feel they have lost and the possibilities for a more equitable distribution of security in urban areas.

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This book is the literary legacy of a national music festival in St. Louis, organized to identify as clearly as possible the specifically native character of music originating in the United States of America. The festival—the Bicentennial Horizons of American Music and the Performing Arts (B.H.A.M.)—sponsored more than 250 performances and workshops between Flag Day and Independence Day 1976. It was the only event of the Bicentennial celebration to address itself to a survey and evaluation of the musical development of this country.

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In this book, Guenter Lewy explains and critiques the idea of false consciousness - that people living under capitalism do not know their best interests. This idea was prevalent in the writings of nineteenth century Marxism, modern communism, and the New Left. Lewy applies what German scholars call Ideologiekritik to the Marxian concept of ideology or false consciousness itself, to demystify the concept of mystification. He also presents an account of the historical development of the concept, and the dangers of its application in society. Belief in false consciousness inspired many social scientists to propose that elite classes in capitalist countries use the media and the education system to manipulate the proletariat, thus perpetuating their own power. Lewy marshals social scientific evidence to refute that idea, demonstrating that education and the mass media in the United States in fact often challenge accepted values and the status quo. Lewy documents Soviet and Chinese brainwashing efforts to eradicate dangerous political ideas and values derived from a belief in false consciousness. He also reviews attempts by Marxist and neo-Marxist educators and social scientists in the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) to free young people from false consciousness by means of emancipatory pedagogy--a program of intense political indoctrination.

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This book is a reference guide that provides chemical, health, and safety information on more than 1,120 toxic and hazardous chemicals and lists nearly 3,000 synonyms used for the most commonly transported chemicals by railroad and highway carriers. Information comes straight from the manufacturers and can prove invaluable for first responders faced with a medium to large spill or fire.Chemical listings are presented alphabetically and include such information as the DOT designation, neutralizing agents, special warnings, chemical suit listings, emergency first aid, hazard ratings, fire fighting information, evacuation distances, health hazard information, threshold limit values. The manufacturer of each chemical and phone number to be used to obtain more information regarding the chemical is also provided. Enough information is presented in this guide that there is no longer a need to carry 10-15 reference books when responding to an incident.

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The essays in this volume document the serious shortcomings of the Hungarian economic reform, which in two decades has brought deteriorating economic performance, declining real wages, a fiscal deficit and severe inflationary pressures. It has proved unexpectedly difficult to substitute a regulated market economy for a centrally planned one. The authors of these essays argue that the problems stem from the incompleteness of the reforms and their compromise character. Today, as the Hungarians prepare to implement more radical measures, constraining the Communist party and rolling back state ownership, they do so under economically difficult conditions.

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Addressing the issues of engineering design in computer architecture, this book describes the design and implementation of MICON, a system for automating the synthesis of small computers.

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Professionals who work with college students--and college students themselves--address the current epidemic of drug use on college campuses in this timely book. In acknowledging that substance abuse problems proliferate during college and on into adult life when they then affect the next generation, the outstanding group of contributors offers forthright and clear descriptions, explanations, and suggestions for helping students, including examples of university services that have proven successful in dealing with student substance abuse. This helpful book aims to reverse the trend of ambivalence and confusion of administrators and college counselors regarding the area of substance use disorder by providing practical intervention strategies.

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The first book of its kind, Homosexuality and Family Relations focuses on the effects of homosexuality and being homosexual on individuals in families and on the family as a group. Edited by Frederick W. Bozett, RN, DNS, and Marvin B. Sussman, PhD, this informative and enlightening volume examines the multiple varieties of family forms in which gay men and lesbians live, addresses the ramifications of homosexuality on family relationships, and explores the countless aspects of parenthood as they are experienced by gay men and lesbians, including adoption and foster care by lesbians and gay men, and the choice of increasing numbers of lesbians to bear children through artificial fertilization. Any professional who is interested in the family--educators, clinicians, academicians, researchers, and students, as well as others interested in families and in human sexuality and men’s and women’s studies--family science, gay studies, nursing, medicine, law, psychology, sociology, social work--will find this book useful, insightful, and unique.

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Large-Scale 3D Data Integration: Challenges and Opportunities examines the fundamental aspects of 3D geo-information, focusing on the latest developments in 3D GIS (geographic information) and AEC (architecture, engineering, construction) systems. This book addresses policy makers, designers and engineers, and individuals that need to overcome obstacles in integrating modeling perspectives and data.Organized into four major parts, the book begins by presenting a historical overview of the issues involved in integrating GIS and AEC. Part II then focuses on the data issue from several viewpoints: data collection; database structures and representation; database management; and visualization. Part III covers the areas of semantics, ontology, and standardization from a theoretical perspective and details many of the best examples of this approach in developing real-world applications. The book concludes with contributions that focus on recent advances in virtual geographic environments and alternative modeling schemes for the potential AEC/GIS interface.

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Moving from a standard clinical reference Garner and Klintworth''s Third Edition of Pathobiology of Ocular Disease is now modeled to be both a scientific research tool and a quick reference option for the practicing ophthalmologist, ophthalmic pathologist, optometrist and vision scientist. With the addition of ten new chapters, this edition focuses its attention on the causes and mechanisms of ocular disease, and is on the forefront of the latest discoveries, research methods, and the current on-going research in ocular disease.

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The potential value of artificial neural networks (ANN) as a predictor of malignancy has begun to receive increased recognition. Research and case studies can be found scattered throughout a multitude of journals. Artificial Neural Networks in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Patient Management brings together the work of top researchers - primarily clinicians - who present the results of their state-of-the-art work with ANNs as applied to nearly all major areas of cancer for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of the disease.The book introduces the theory of neural networks and the method of their application in oncology. It is not an exercise in ANN research, but the presentation of a new technique for diagnosing and determining the treatment of cancers. The authors have included almost all cancers for which there exist ANN applications. When the data available is ill-defined and the development of an algorithmic solution difficult, neural networks provide a non-linear approach which helps sift through the maze of information and arrive at a reasonable solution.Highly interdisciplinary in nature, this book provides comprehensive coverage of the most important materials relating to the applications of ANNs in the cancer field. With contributions from prominent research centers worldwide, it serves as an introduction to how neural networks can be used for accurate prediction or diagnosis and shows why neural networks are more accurate. Artificial Neural Networks in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Patient Management gives you an understanding of this new tool, its applications, and when it should be used.

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Musculoskeletal Radiology is a single-source guide encompassing all of musculoskeletal imaging, examining classical diseases, as well as modern interpretations of disease. In-depth coverage of MRI and uses a basic "hands on"’ approach to MRI for exploring the knee, shoulder, wrist, elbow, ankle, and foot.Other topics include: additional chapters on MRI’s congenital and pediatric disease trauma arthritis metabolic bone disease infection tumors lumbosacral spine musculoskeletal processes involving the spine common musculoskeletal diseases and uncommon conditions Illustrated with over 1000 high-definition images, this volume is a complete stand-alone reference for anyone interested in musculoskeletal disease.

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Written by internationally renowned scientist and author Thomas S.C. Li, Taiwanese Native Medicinal Plants presents information critical to assessing the medicinal potential of Taiwanese herbs. A comprehensive review of chemical constituents, toxicity, and therapeutic values, the book focuses on documentation of the chemical components present and their therapeutic properties. The author begins with a general introduction regarding the geographic advantages for growing varieties of medicinal plants, followed by tables presenting information on the major constituents and therapeutic values of more than 1000 species. He includes an index, three appendices cross-referencing major chemical components and their sources, and the common and scientific names of the medicinal plants cited in the table. Arranged alphabetically by Latin name into tables, the information is easy to find and the book easy to use.

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Complex and ever changing in its forms and functions, the element mercury follows a convoluted course through the environment and up the food chain. The process is complicated further by the fact that the difference between tolerable natural background levels and harmful effects in the environment is exceptionally small and still not completely understood. Written by recognized national and international authority on chemical risk assessment, Ronald Eisler, Mercury Hazards to Living Organisms explores the biological, physical, and chemical properties of mercury and its compounds. Rich in facts and information, the book provides a fundamental look at the issues.A synthesis of current scientific reviews, the book documents the significance of mercury concentrations in abiotic materials, plants, invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, elasmobranch, fishes, and birds, as well as humans and other mammals. The author reviews historical and current uses and sources of mercury along with its physical, chemical, biological, and biochemical properties. He summarizes mercury transport and speciation processes and analytical techniques for mercury measurement. The book includes coverage of lethality to wildlife, domestic animals, and humans; administration routes and their effects; and sublethal effects such as cancers, birth defects, and chromosomal aberrations.

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Environmental restoration has entered an era of faster, better, cheaper. Uniquely suited to meet all of those requirements, macroengineering has become one of the hottest concepts in the field. Macroengineering: An Environmental Restoration Management Process provides a comprehensive understanding of all the technical, cost, and regulatory issues that an environmental project manager would potentially face on a large scale environmental restoration project. The author makes the case for integrated planning and management of environmental restoration projects and provides money-saving solutions.The text delineates the many issues a project or program manager will typically face on a complex, large-scale environmental restoration project. The author addresses unique technical issues encountered during DOD and DOE environmental cleanup efforts, such as radionuclide contamination, unexploded ordinance, heavy metals, and other common contaminants. Referencing the most recent regulations and practices in environmental cleanup projects, the book also includes useful charts and tables and serves both as a classroom text and a professional reference.Describing how to get the job done efficiently and cost-effectively, the text combines practical technological information with project management information to form one comprehensive volume. The author distills knowledge from many disciplines into a concise and cohesive text, providing a starting point and stressing the interconnection between key elements. Emphasizing the integrative nature of macroengineering projects, the book gives you the tools to ensure that organizational resources you have committed to environmental restoration are used to their best advantage.

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Recent nationwide recalls of spinach due to E. coli contamination and peanut butter due to Salmonella, make the emerging development of "active" and "intelligent" packaging crucial for consumer safety and quality assurance. Now that it is possible to make packaging that can detect and inform consumers of contamination, as well as prevent or reduce the growth of human foodborne pathogens, the food packaging and safety industry needs a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-science and future directions of this widely important field. Drawing on the research of a diverse group of scientists and pioneers in the field, Intelligent and Active Packaging for Fruits and Vegetables explores the new technology and applications used to bring fresh, safe, nutritious produce to the consumer. It explains Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) and its use in packaging fruits and vegetables, as well as, fish and meat. It includes variations and advances on MAP such as high vapor-permeable films, and demonstrates modeling techniques to assist in the prediction and selection of packaging type. The book contains a chapter on the trends, opportunities, and challenges of RFID temperature monitoring in food packaging. It also considers the interaction between container and food product, as well as the use of non-toxic insect repellent plastics. There is a chapter on the regulatory implications of the use of nanotechnology in food packaging. Finally, the book discusses consumer perception, the specific needs of developing countries, and current implementation in Europe.Explaining the very latest in packaging technology and opening areas for future research, Intelligent and Active Packaging for Fruits and Vegetables provides an excellent knowledge base from which to revolutionize the delivery of safe and nutritious food.

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In the battle between humans and microbes, knowledge may be not only the best weapon but also the best defense. Pulling contributions from 34 experts into a unified presentation, Disinfection and Decontamination: Principles, Applications, and Related Issues provides coverage that is both sophisticated and practical. The book reviews the fundamentals, explores the interdisciplinary nature of the science, and includes discussions of regulatory and legal issues. While the chapters present in depth coverage of infections in hospitals, they also widen their scope to include laboratories outside the healthcare environment.Based on practical experience, the volume examines recent advances in the research, development, and applications for disinfection and decontamination in many different settings. The chapters address, and supply insight into, the issues found with infectious disease, devices and new materials for implantation, principles, mechanisms, testing methods and strategies, and various applications. They also cover current research and best practice for ways to reduce infection caused by devices. The book’s emphasis on new technologies highlights the need for safer biocides and microbiological concerns in the manufacturing environment. The broad focus combined with the global, interdisciplinary panel of authors gives you a snapshot of disease transmission, perspectives on infectious challenges and solutions in a global perspective, and an understanding of global governance. The book offers in depth information on specific topics and an understanding of the fundamentals, giving you a starting point and precise information for resolving problems.

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In 1993, the genetic mutation responsible for Huntington’s disease (HD) was identified. Considered a milestone in human genomics, this discovery has led to nearly two decades of remarkable progress that has greatly increased our knowledge of HD, and documented an unexpectedly large and diverse range of biochemical and genetic perturbations that seem to result directly from the expression of the mutant huntingtin gene. Neurobiology of Huntington’s Disease: Applications to Drug Discovery presents a thorough review of the issues surrounding drug discovery and development for the treatment of this paradigmatic neurodegenerative disease. Drawing on the expertise of key researchers in the field, the book discusses the basic neurobiology of Huntington’s disease and how its monogenic nature confers enormous practical advantages for translational research, including the creation of robust experimental tools, models, and assays to facilitate discovery and validation of molecular targets and drug candidates for HD. Written to support future basic research as well as drug development efforts, this volume: Covers the latest research approaches in genetics, genomics, and proteomics, including high-throughput and high-content screening Highlights advances in the discovery and development of new drug therapies for neurodegenerative disorders Examines the practical realities of preclinical testing, clinical testing strategies, and, ultimately, clinical usage While the development of effective drug treatments for Huntington's disease continues to be tremendously challenging, a highly interactive and cooperative community of researchers and clinical investigators now brings us to the threshold of potential breakthroughs in the quest for therapeutic agents. The impressive array of drug discovery resources outlined in the text holds much promise for treating this devastating disease, providing hope to long-suffering Huntington’s disease patients and their families.

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Mammalian Neuroendocrinology presents a concise examination of how the nervous and endocrine systems interact to regulate physiological processes. Selected experimental results are presented to illustrate the current understanding of neuroendocrine processes. Neural influences and endocrine feedback mechanisms related to the secretion of adenohypophysial hormones are summarized for each hormone. The book's concise nature and readable style are highly suited for use as a graduate textbook.There are also chapters devoted to each of the following topics: neurohypophysis, pineal gland, adrenal medulla, hormones and behavior, and neuroendocrine immunology. Comparisons are made among species of mammals, including laboratory rodents, domesticated ungulates, and primates. Agricultural and/or clinical aspects relevant to these topics are covered when appropriate. Mammalian Neuroendocrinology is excellent for students and professionals in neuroendocrinology, neuroscience, endocrinology, reproduction studies, and animal sciences.

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An innovative concept, smart structural systems have proven to be extremely effective in absorbing damaging energy and/or counteracting potentially devastating force, thus limiting structural collapse and subsequent injury. As this technology rapidly evolves, there is an ever-increasing need for an authoritative reference that will allow those in the field to stay abreast of the very latest advances.Smart Structures: Innovative Systems for Seismic Response organizes current research and technology to provide researchers and practicing engineers, as well as advanced students, with the means to learn about and apply the very latest smart structure innovations. Key features include— Complete mathematical formulations and numerical procedures for topics presentedNew technologiesDesign guidelines and examples based on current official codesConsideration of smart structures on a variety of foundationsDiscussion of the use of smart structures with passive or semi-active devicesExtensive referencesDesigned for self-teaching, the text emphasizes essential information on structural formulations, mechanism of control systems, and numerical algorithms. It also provides step-by-step numerical examples to illustrate mathematical formulations and interpret physical representations, enabling readers to understand the forumulae vis-à-vis their applications. Each chapter comprehensively explores a specific topic, from smart structure systems currently in use, to case studies utilizing simulated earthquake data.

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As our population continues to grow, more and more patients are becoming dependent on long-term ventilatory support. Therefore, the need for quality options such as home mechanical ventilation is fast becoming a necessity. Ventilatory Support For Chronic Respiratory Failure (CRF) is the first resource to authoritatively address the needs of the acute or chronic respiratory patient through the transition from the hospital to the home-care setting. This reference covers best practices in the management of CRF patients who are: clinically stable ventilator dependent in an institutional setting transitioning back to the community likely to require home-based care Covering ethical and economic management issues, as well as perspectives from renowned national and international specialists, this guide: guides clinicians through transitional care stages, from weaning in the acute care setting to long-term ventilation in the home discusses topics rarely detailed in acute care texts, such as physical therapy and secretion clearance contains a chapter focused on the special care needs of the CRF patient including nutritional concerns, pressure ulcers, pneumonia, and speech challenges

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The media extols the health benefits of good nutrition and physical activity. Since exercise and sport is becoming a bigger concern to the general public and not just elite athletes, the interest in research in this field is growing. Macroelements, Water and Electrolytes in Sport Nutrition addresses the relationship of macroelement needs and interactions to sports and exercise. Research indicates that work capacity and other measures of physical performance are influenced by the intake of water as well as several of the macroelements, including electrolytes. This book examines the convincing, and the not so convincing, evidence about the connection between exercise and sports activities and the nutrient status of individuals.Written by individuals from various academic disciplines, the book is a comprehensive, indispensable resource for scientists and practitioners with an interest in sports nutrition. It provides a review of topics related to water, macroelements, and exercise as well as identifies gaps in our knowledge, encouraging researchers to build upon the existing knowledge and advance our understanding of sport nutrition.

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In the past 10 years, contemporary geneticists using new molecular tools have been able to resolve complex traits into individual genetic components and describe each such component in detail. Molecular Dissection of Complex Traits summarizes the state of the art in molecular analysis of complex traits (QTL mapping), placing new developments in this field within the context of their historical origins. Leading authorities address central themes in analysis of complex phenotypes, and case histories of important work in this burgeoning field are presented by the principal investigators. The book is divided into three sections:

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This book evolved from a two-day 1993 International Symposium on Radiation and the Gastrointestinal Tract held at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. This area of investigation is particularly important because of growing medical needs and the documented occurrence of accidents involving overexposure of healthy subjects/patients. Some questions have been answered through cellular and animal research-results that lead to hypotheses that have been tested through clinical protocols. In an attempt to answer the unresolved questions, basic scientists and clinicians describe the data obtained to date, present in a critical manner the consensus that has been reached, and discuss what still remains to be investigated.The book is divided into five parts: Overview and Clinical Perspective, Emesis, Motility, Diarrhea, and Behavioral Correlates of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction. Each part consists of separate discussions on the pathophysiology, the methodology, and, when applicable, the clinical relevance of the observations.The book provides helpful information to both basic scientists involved in radiobiological research and to clinicians caring for patients exposed to radiation. It also serves as an introduction to the subject for young clinical investigators interested in the field and for scientists searching for correlates between their observations and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

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The only available reference to comprehensively discuss the common and unusual types of rickettsiosis in over twenty years, this book will offer the reader a full review on the bacteriology, transmission, and pathophysiology of these conditions. Written from experts in the field from Europe, USA, Africa, and Asia, specialists analyze specific pathogens at the epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular levels, and discuss the latest advancements in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of rickettsial diseases.

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Understanding the phenomenon of long-lasting vulnerability to addiction is essential to developing successful treatments. Written by an international team of authorities in their respective fields, Advances in the Neuroscience of Addiction provides an excellent overview of the available and emerging approaches used to investigate the biologic mechanisms of drug addiction. It also delineates the promising research discoveries being made in relapse prevention.The book begins with current animal models of addiction, which mimic the state of humans entering treatment: recently-abstinent animals that receive common triggers for relapse (classical conditioning, stress, and neuroadaptive dysregulation). Coverage then shifts to the use of electrophysiologic approaches, which enable researchers to characterize the discharge patterns of single neurons during drug self-administration. After exploring advances in voltammetry and enzyme-linked biosensors for measuring glutamate, the book discusses the theoretical background and results of neuroimaging studies related to neuronal networks that are activated by drug-specific cues. It then describes modern genetic approaches to manipulate target proteins that influence addictive behavior.The book rounds out its coverage by illustrating how a neuroeconomic approach can inform studies of reward processing in general and addiction in particular. It is a comprehensive introduction to the methodologies of the field for students and beginning researchers and an essential reference source for established investigators.

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The first wave of methamphetamine use began in the late 1980s and its prevalence has continued to rise across the United States and throughout the world. As with any harmful substance, its abuse has far-reaching ramifications that go beyond the destruction it causes to the human body. Written by a multidisciplinary team of experts, Methamphetamine Use: Clinical and Forensic Aspects, Second Edition examines meth use and abuse from clinical, forensic, and criminal justice perspectives. Updated and expanded to reflect changes in recent years, this volume covers virtually every aspect of this dangerous drug.The book begins with a history of drug control in America, then provides global perspectives on methamphetamine use. It explores biochemical aspects and includes a chapter on the methamphetamine analogue "ecstasy." The text examines the effects of meth use on human behavior, with a special focus on empirical evidence of amphetamine use as a contributing factor in aggression. The authors discuss forensic issues related to methamphetamine use in chapters covering expert testimony, criminal responsibility, mitigation in sentencing, and competency to stand trial. The last section examines various treatment modalities.As methamphetamine grows once again in popularity, it is crucial that those who deal with the effects of it be well-informed about the dangers it poses. This volume provides a comprehensive, critical survey of the current knowledge regarding the use and abuse of this dangerous and ubiquitous substance.

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An all-encompassing reference on the diagnosis and treatment of painful musculoskeletal conditions, this source examines the latest developments, therapies, and treatments for common and complex pain disorders affecting the spine, joints, neck, and related structures. Exploring a wide variety of treatment regimens and procedures, including the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound to safely guide injections and needle placements, this source explores the latest breakthroughs to lower pain levels, improve patient activity, and enhance patient mobility.

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While simultaneous breakthroughs occurring in molecular biology and nanoscience/technology will ultimately revolutionize all of medicine, it is with our efforts to prevent, diagnose, and treat cancer that many of the most dramatic advances will occur. In support of this potential, the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) established the Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer in 2004 and pledged $144.3 million in funding over the next five years. Edited by one of the most dynamic pioneers in the field, Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy focuses on those nanoscientific and nanotechnological strategies that are evolving as the most promising for the imaging and treatment of cancer. Among the various approaches considered, nanotechnology offers great possibilities for the targeted delivery of drugs and genes to tumor sites and the ultimate replacement of those chemotherapeutic agents so compromised by side effects.Within this volume, the expertise of world-renowned academic and industrial researchers is brought together to provide a comprehensive treatise. Composed of 38 chapters, the book is divided into 7 sections that cover -Fundamentals of targeting strategies, nanotechnology characterization for cancer therapy, and USFDA guidelines on approval of nanotechnology products Polymeric conjugates used for tumor-targeted imaging and delivery, including imaging to evaluate therapeutic efficacy Polymeric nanoparticle systems that emphasize biodegradable, long-circulating nanoparticles for passive and active targeting Polymeric micellar assemblies, where sophisticated chemistry is leading to novel nanosystems that can provide efficient delivery to tumors Dendritic nanostructures used for cancer imaging and therapy Liposome-based delivery systems -- the oldest nanotechnology method employed in cancer therapy Other lipid nanosystems used for targeted delivery, including those tha

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Military service involves exposure to multiple sources of chronic, acute, and potentially traumatic stress, especially during deployment and combat. Notoriously variable, the effects of stress can be subtle to severe, immediate or delayed, impairing individual and group readiness, operational performance, and—ultimately—survival. A comprehensive compilation on the state of the science, Biobehavioral Resilience to Stress identifies key factors and characteristics that are essential to a scientifically useful and behaviorally predictive understanding of resilience to stress.Contributions from Uniquely Qualified Military and Civilian Experts Initiated by the Military Operational Medicine Research Directorate of the US Army Medical Research and Material Command (USAMRMC), this seminal volume integrates recent research and experience from military and civilian experts in behavioral and social sciences, human performance, and physiology. Each chapter is grounded in vigorous research with emphasis on relevance to a variety of real-world operations and settings, including extreme environments encountered in modern war. Logical Progression, Cross-Disciplinary Appeal Organized into four sections, the text begins with a discussion of the relevant aspects of stress in the context of military life to offer civilian readers a window into contemporary military priorities. Later chapters consider biological, physiological, and genetic factors, psychosocial aspects of resilience, and “community capacity” variables that influence psychological responses to stressful events. This multidisciplinary effort concludes with an overview of emergent themes and related issues to advance the science of resilience toward predictive research, theory, and application for all those—military and civilian—who serve in the national defense.

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A multibillion dollar industry that has tripled in the last ten years, turfgrass management plays an important role in landscaping, golf courses, and other sports surfaces. Proper management and cultural practices are crucial for the performance of these versatile grasses, creating a demand among scientists, researchers, and industry professionals for better quality, hardier grasses. The mounting collection of research into new species, modern cultivars, and stress tolerant genotypes requires a high-quality, accessible resource. Filling a long-empty niche by compiling the most complete, up-to-date collection of contributions from internationally known specialists, Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology is the only single source reference that covers every aspect of turfgrass maintenance and cultivation. Divided into several sections, this all-inclusive volume begins with an introductory chapter on turf related issues. The second section reveals detailed accounts of turfgrass growth, management, and cultural practices such as carbon metabolism and overseeding. Subsequent sections cover sports turf management and growth regulating factors, as well as breeding, genetics, and biotechnology. The text highlights research in turfgrass pathology and disease including nutritional disorders, rapid blight, and fungal diseases. The book reviews several methods of pest control using herbicides, as well as biological, and microbial control agents. It provides extensive information on the physiological responses of turfgrass to acidic soil, salinized water, temperature, light, depleted oxygen, reactive nitrogen use, and other environmental stressors. The final section looks at future and potential grasses requiring minimal maintenance and management. Offering hundreds of figures and tables, thousands of references, and an extensive index, Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology is the definitive reference to the dynamic and growing world of turfgr

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This comprehensive treatise offers an in-depth discussion of natural toxicants in plants, emphasizing their effects as defenses against herbivory. Coevolution of plants and her-bivores are covered with a detailed treatment of toxicant metabolism and systemic effects in mammalian tissues. Con-sideration of the economic importance of plant toxins, modi-fication by plant breeding, management of toxico-sis, and toxicant problems in various geographic areas are in-cluded. Each volume offers an extensive description of chemistry, biosynthesis, analysis, distribution in plants, metabolism in mam-mals and insects, and practical problems in humans and livestock.

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This book provides an updated overview of eicosanoid metabolism. It also presents a timely discussion of eicosanoid metabolism in the process of tumor cell metastasis, in chemoprotection and radioprotection associated with cancer therapy, and in cell differentiation. The book focuses on the role of eicosanoids in the immunology of malignant disease. This includes how various immune cell populations in cancer are affected by the secretion and action of various eicosanoids and metabolites of eicosanoids and how these processes may be affected by various pharmacological manipulations and interventions to augment anti-tumor immunity. Head and neck cancer is covered in great detail to illustrate a cancer in humans where these considerations are particularly relevant. This important volume demonstrates that the principal factor in cancer patient immunologic deficiency is related to excess secretion by monocytes of prostaglandins.

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The objective of this book is to review and summarize recent developments in our understanding of iron transport and storage in living systems. It includes an overview of the evolutionary aspects of iron metabolism and bacterial iron transport, as well as a detailed discussion of molecules with specific roles in iron metabolism in higher organisms. It also presents relationships between intracellular iron metabolism and cell proliferation. Iron Transport and Storage addresses the comparative aspects of iron transport and storage in different tissues. This essential volume is very useful for hematologists, physical and biological chemists, cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, and clinicians with an interest in the biology and metabolism of iron.

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Due to the extensive use of treated wood products throughout urban and agricultural communities, information concerning the environmental and health risks associated with treated wood is very much in demand. Responding to increasing need for a comprehensive and cohesive source on this topic, Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood compiles the latest information concerning regulations, environmental impact studies, new wood preservative formulations, and state-of-the-art disposal technologies available for minimizing environmental impacts caused by treated wood.Beginning with a background of the production of the most common treated wood products, this book discusses how chemical leaching and transport of certain wood preservatives affect the environment, particularly chromated copper arsenate. A separate section is devoted to case studies that evaluate possible links with cancer and other health risks with repeated exposure to treated wood. Several chapters discuss ways to measure exposure and review various approaches to risk assessment and management. Because treated wood products last a long time, the book also considers the disposal of treated wood in terms of human and environmental impact. It explores novel disposal technologies and practical strategies for complying with regulatory phase-outs of certain treated wood products within the U.S., Canada, Europe, Australia, and many Asian countries. These include recycling, bioremediation, thermal treatment, and landfills.Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood provides a timely compilation of perspectives necessary for making informed, conscientious decisions in the production, use, and disposal of treated woods that will minimize the environmental impact and human exposure risks associated with treated wood products today.

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This volume discusses recent advances in research regarding the evolution of specific and nonspecific defense responses in a taxonomically diverse array of species. Topics regarding invertebrates include the protective mechanisms (cellular and molecular) employed by insects, the protective roles of lectins, and the self-nonself discrimination revealed by tissue incompatibility reactions. With vertebrates, the evolution of the immunoglobulin-related superfamily of recognition molecules (including immunoglobulins and the major histocompatibility complex molecules) is examined over several chapters. Other topics reviewed include the evolution of nonimmunoglobulin mediators of defense (e.g., cytokines and eicosanoids), lymphocyte subpopulations (including effects of ambient temperature on function) and the phylogenetic emergence of natural killer cells. Phylogenesis of Immune Functions provides invaluable information for evolutionary biologists, as well as all immunologists and other researchers interested in discovering how inhabitants in our increasingly threatened biosphere protect themselves against environmental pathogens and toxins.

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The latest data on the pathogenesis of ulcer disease is presented in this text, with the emphasis that an understanding of the pathogenesis and etiology of ulcer diseases represents the most rational approach to pharmacology - the prevention and treatment of ulcer disease. Early and late biochemical and functional changes, morphologic stages of the injury and healing phases, as well as vascular factors in ulceration are highlighted. In addition, new pathogenetic elements on neuroendocrine and other endogenous modulators and circadian rhythms in ulcerogenesis are covered. The section on new pharmacology consists of several chapters presenting new animal models of gastric, small intestinal and colonic ulcers because in vivo models represent the basis to test and accurately detect new antiulcer drugs. A large series of chapters cover new drugs for ulcer prevention and treatment. This book is indispensible to investigators in basic and applied research, academic and industrial pharmacologists and clinicians in gastroenterology.

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This monograph will put the topic of Cryopreservation of Plant Cells and Organs in perspective. Originally published in 1985.

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