Search results for ""Author United Nations Development Programme"

Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. I is making too much noise. The other Alphablocks put her in a pan, but she makes more noise by tapping it, so the others make her nap! Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 3-5 Book band: Pink A Phonics phase: 2

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. Nan is working hard in the garden, while Sid relaxes in a hammock. But when Nan discovers a buried tin, Sid decides he's interested after all... Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 4-5 (Reception) Book band: Pink A Phonics phase: 2

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. Sid's pet rat tries to sit in the sun, and on the muck, only to be shooed away by Nan. When he sits on Nan's cushion, Nan accidentally sits on him! Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 4-5 (Reception) Book band: Pink B Phonics phase: 2

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. The Alphablocks make lots of animals, but the animals make lots of noise! F decides to make a farm for them. Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 3-5 Book band: Red B Phonics phase: 3

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. Sam dares Sid to take the scarecrow's hat, but Sam's sister jumps out at Sid and he falls, tearing his jumper. Sid tricks Sam by telling him the cow behind him is a bull. Sam runs away and falls, tearing his shorts. Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 5-6 (Year 1) Book band: Green A Phonics phase: 5

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. O starts to nap, but then P appears. She makes lots of words with O, who gets cross as he cannot sleep. O makes a cot for P and he finally gets his nap. Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 3-5 Book band: Pink A Phonics phase: 2

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Excite your children and give them a firm foundation in phonics. Part of the Bug Club family, Bug Club Phonics aims to help children learn to read by the age of six in a fun and accessible way. Following the order of Letters and Sounds, the Bug Club Phonics programme matches the National Curriculum and Early Learning Goals and ensures children read from books with the sounds they know as they are learning to read. Ideal for home learning. The fox twins eat too much jam. Will the vet fix them, or are the fox twins up to more tricks? Part of the Bug Club reading series used in over 3500 schools Helps your child develop reading fluency and confidence Suitable for children age 4-5 (Reception) Book band: Red A Phonics phase: 3

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This ambitious book provides a comprehensive history of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Programme on AIDS (GPA), using it as a unique lens to trace the global response to the AIDS pandemic. The authors describe how WHO came initially to assume leadership of the global response, relate the strategies and approaches WHO employed over the years, and expound on the factors that led to the Programme’s demise and subsequent formation of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS(UNAIDS). The authors examine the global impact of this momentous transition, portray the current status of the global response to AIDS, and explore the precarious situation that WHO finds itself in today as a lead United Nations agency in global health.Several aspects of the global response – the strategies adopted, the roads taken and not taken, and the lessons learned – can provide helpful guidance to the global health community as it continues tackling the AIDS pandemic and confronts future global pandemics.Included in the coverage: The response before the global response Building and coordinating a multi-sectoral response Containing the global spread of HIV Addressing stigma, discrimination, and human rights Rethinking global AIDS governance UNAIDS and its place in the global response The AIDS Pandemic: Searching for a Global Response recounts the global response to the AIDS pandemic from its inception to today. Policymakers, students, faculty, journalists, researchers, and health professionals interested in HIV/AIDS, global health, global pandemics, and the history of medicine will find it highly compelling and consequential. It will also interest those involved in global affairs, global governance, international relations, and international development.

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Written by an expert author team with over 50 years’ combined classroom experience, Busy Ant Maths is a flexible, whole-school mathematics programme that ensures conceptual understanding and mathematical fluency from the start. The Busy Ant Maths programme ensures confidence from the start for teachers and pupils, embedding best practice across the school. Using the digital content together with this guide offers you a complete solution for planning and delivering inspiring maths lessons, helping promote learning and raising attainment for all children. The 2nd edition supports the 2023 Statutory Framework for EYFS and 2021 Development Matters guidance, built into Unit Overviews and Lesson plans to highlight the most important knowledge and understanding in the national curriculum.

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The purpose of this guidance manual is to show how the value of ecosystem services can be estimated and incorporated into decision making. Specifically, it is designed to help a broad audience of conservation managers, government officials, private sector managers, NGOs, and statisticians to understand the available information on the values of ecosystem services and how this information can be transferred to inform the decisions that they make. It explains why you would undertake a study, who should be involved, how to implement the study and how to use the results. The development of this guidance manual was funded by the United Nations Environment Programme.

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The book provides a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the nature of exporting activity, combining well-established theoretical reasoning with empirical evidence, and also signalling important economic policy recommendations. It is suitable for a wide range of recipients, ranging from scholars and students, to policy-makers or local/regional authorities engaged in the process of designing/implementing regional policies. Regional authorities show more interest in export potential because globalisation makes the regional economies more open and vulnerable to external economic shocks. The international trade channel has become an important factor influencing the region’s economic performance, including dynamics and volatility of economic growth as well as labour market performance. Due to economic transition and the accession to the EU, Poland’s regions have become more open than ever. For regions of both Poland and Spain (an EU country similar to Poland in terms of size and the number of administrative units), being part of the EU’s internal market with a free circulation of goods and capital – exerts competitive pressure, which can be regarded a stress test showing the regional adaptive capacity and competitiveness. Apart from the in-depth review of the regional export activity of Poland and Spain, the book also provides similar insights for Canada and Australia, in terms of their regional export performance and trade policy. About authors: Stanisław Umiński (PhD), professor at the University of Gdansk, Department of International Economics and Economic Development. Co-founder and vice-president of the Institute of Development. BI consultant, ABSL, Poland. Participant and head of research projects on FDI, foreign trade and regional development, carried on for instance for European Commission, National Bank of Poland, Ministry of Regional Development, National Science Centre. Author and co-author of publications in the fields of FDI, competitiveness, the foreign trade of regions and special economic zones. Jarosław M. Nazarczuk (PhD), assistant professor at the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Participant of research projects concerning: operation of special economic zones, regional export activity, the role of institutions in firms’ location decisions, economic development of selected regions, evaluation of regional operational programmes, high-tech clusters, regional marketing, financed from National Science Centre or carried for regional marshals’ offices and other public entities. Author and co-author of publications on SEZs, regional export performance, FDI, smart specialisation, location determinants, public aid effectiveness.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 5:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements of the 2014 National Curriculum– helps pupils to become accomplished critical thinkers– provides regular progress checks with 3 review units. This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 5 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 4:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements of the 2014 National Curriculum– helps pupils to become accomplished critical thinkers– provides regular progress checks with 3 review units. This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 4 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 6:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements of the 2014 National Curriculum– helps pupils to become accomplished critical thinkers– provides regular progress checks with 3 review units. This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 6 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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Peritoneal malignancy is a rapidly growing field within surgical oncology. National and International treatment programmes and training curricula are being established worldwide to co-ordinate treatment and management of these challenging clinical problems. A large body of evidence now exists, but the practical implications of this evidence base remain unclear. The Peritoneal Malignancy Institute in Basingstoke, the largest centre in the world, is at the forefront of new developments and techniques. This manual combines the experience of the PMI with the latest evidence to provide a practice-oriented guide to the successful set up and running of a peritoneal malignancy unit.

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Advanced Rowing brings together a selection of leading experts in the sport of rowing, including international head coaches from New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland and Denmark, who have all coached crews to World and Olympic medals. Distinguished club and university coaches contribute from the United States, Great Britain and Australia. Between them these coaches work with the top national level athletes in their countries and specialise in preparing them to achieve international competitive standard. The coaches reveal key features that they believe explain why they have achieved a consistent level of success, paying special attention to key issues including: - Training programmes to promote skill and fitness - Motivating and inspiring athletes - Creating successful training environments - Selecting athletes and talent identification - Making use of other experts (e.g. sports scientists, physiotherapists, dedicated strength and conditioning coaches) Advanced Rowing also offers insights from experts on selected topics that are important in the development of rowing success including biomechanics, nutrition, technique development, endurance training and strength and conditioning. This is an essential resource for any rowing coach, providing an overview of the general environments that support high performance national and international rowing programmes and describing the range of strategies that elite rowing coaches use to help develop advanced rowing performance.

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As an environmental issue transcending national boundaries,the spread of toxic substances in the environment, with harmful consequences for ecosystems and human health has become the focus of transnational regulatory efforts in a variety of international fora. In order to address the problems created by transboundary toxic movements a set of binding as well as non-binding norms are being developed at the European and international level. This book analyses the development and effectiveness of transnational toxics law through two case studies: one dealing with the European regional regime for the control of toxic discharges in the aquatic environment and the other looking at the emerging global regime for the regulation of international trade in hazardous pesticides. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal and political framework in EU law for the reduction of inputs of hazardous substances in the marine and freshwater environment, and in regional agreements for the protection of the marine environment of the North Sea and Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean. It also offers a critical account of the development of soft and hard law regulating exports of banned and severely restricted pesticides from industrialised to developing countries; from the resolutions of the United Nations Environment Programme and General Assembly in the late 1970s, to the signing of the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure in 1998. The author shows that international normative efforts in these two fields have proved much more productive in establishing procedural obligations for states than in laying down actual substantive standards to govern their conduct, and argues that transnational environmental law may be valued by governments more for its symbolic, value-expressive function, than for any real problem-solving capacity.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 1:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements the 2014 National Curriculum– lays foundations for puofpils to become accomplished critical thinkers– provides regular progress checks with 3 review units. This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 1 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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Beyond Compliance argues that the record of China's international behavior since the 1970s indicates the long-term effectiveness of the multilateral system. Through its analysis of China's interaction with leading international organizations—such as the Conference on Disarmament, the IMF, and the United Nations Environmental Programme—it concludes that engagement with the multilateral system is the key to the gradual socialization of "rogue" states. Contrasting the People's Republic of China's post-1949 alienation from the international community with its increasing compliance since it entered the United Nations in 1971 with the rules of leading international institutions, Kent explains China's changing attitude toward international institutions in terms of the most appropriate theories of state compliance. At the same time, she argues that compliance theories on their own are not sufficient to explain the complex interaction between states and the international system and develops a broader theory to encompass China's behavior.

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Beyond Compliance argues that the record of China's international behavior since the 1970s indicates the long-term effectiveness of the multilateral system. Through its analysis of China's interaction with leading international organizations—such as the Conference on Disarmament, the IMF, and the United Nations Environmental Programme—it concludes that engagement with the multilateral system is the key to the gradual socialization of "rogue" states. Contrasting the People's Republic of China's post-1949 alienation from the international community with its increasing compliance since it entered the United Nations in 1971 with the rules of leading international institutions, Kent explains China's changing attitude toward international institutions in terms of the most appropriate theories of state compliance. At the same time, she argues that compliance theories on their own are not sufficient to explain the complex interaction between states and the international system and develops a broader theory to encompass China's behavior.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 3:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements of the 2014 National Curriculum– helps pupils to become accomplished critical thinkers– provides regular progress checks with 3 review units. This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 3 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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Published by Academic Foundation, this document has been prepared by the State Plans Division of the Planning Commission (Government of India) in collaboration with the Human Development Resource Centre (HDRC), United Nations Development Programme, (UNDP) New Delhi. It is a compilation of successful Government initiatives from across the country. This volume contains cases under three sections: Land, Water and Livelihood; Human Development and Social Services; and, Public Interface with Government. An attempt has been made to highlight the operating mechanisms and the key strengths that have contributed towards their success. The objective of this document is to facilitate interstate comparisons and encourage the replication of these initiatives in other parts of the country. Well researched, well-designed and studded with pictures, this unique publication highlights the role of community participation, and 'self-help groups'.

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How do we take stock of the state and direction of the world’s environment, and what can we learn from the experience? Among the myriad detailed narratives about the condition of the planet, the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) reports—issued by the United Nations Environment Programme—stand out as the most ambitious. For nearly three decades the GEO project has not only delivered iconic global assessment reports, but through its multitude of contributors has inspired hundreds of similar processes worldwide from the regional to the local level. This book provides an inside account of the evolution of the GEO project from its earliest days. Building on meticulous research, including interviews with former heads of the United Nations Environment Programme, diplomats, leading contributing scientists, and senior leaders of collaborating organizations, the story is told from the perspective of five GEO veterans who all played a pivotal role in shaping the periodic assessments. The GEO’s history provides striking insights and will save valuable time to those who commission, design and conduct, as well as critique and improve, assessments of environmental development in the next decade.

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Peritoneal malignancy is a rapidly growing field within surgical oncology. National and International treatment programmes and training curricula are being established worldwide to co-ordinate treatment and management of these challenging clinical problems. A large body of evidence now exists, but the practical implications of this evidence base remain unclear. The Peritoneal Malignancy Institute in Basingstoke, the largest centre in the world, is at the forefront of new developments and techniques. This manual combines the experience of the PMI with the latest evidence to provide a practice-oriented guide to the successful set up and running of a peritoneal malignancy unit.

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Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Books are aimed at ages 5-11. They cover all the text types specified in the 2014 National Curriculum, with follow-up activities that build the skills necessary to develop critical thinking. Treasure House Comprehension Skills Pupil Book 2:– has 20 units– covers a wide variety of fiction and non-fiction genres– builds enjoyment of comprehension skills on a range of top-quality texts– contains carefully tailored questions that cover all the statutory requirements of the 2014 National Curriculum This pupil book can be used with Treasure House Comprehension Skills Teacher’s Guide 2 and activities on Collins Connect for a complete programme to enhance comprehension skills.

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For a number of years the promise of biotechnology has been dimmed by concerns over the intrinsic safety of transgenic organisms. Although considerable knowledge of the properties of recombinant systems and a vast volume of data gathered from different applications of biotechnology are now available, these concerns are still evident. In the developing world, there are also fears that such countries might be used as testing grounds for recombinant products. Considerations of this nature have often overshadowed the benefits these countries might derive from the application of genetic engineering. In response to these concerns, UNIDO, together with the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization, formed in 1985 the Informal Working Group on Biosafety. In 1991 the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations also joined the Group. The present volume was commissioned by the Group and is intended to help scientists and regulators to conceptualize the major issues underlying biological safety as well as to understand how these affect policies to regulate biotechnology.

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The Challenge of Slums presents the first global assessment of slums, emphasizing their problems and prospects. Using a newly formulated operational definition of slums, it presents estimates of the number of urban slum dwellers and examines the factors at all level, from local to global, that underlie the formation of slums as well as their social, spatial and economic characteristics and dynamics. It goes on to evaluate the principal policy responses to the slum challenge of the last few decades. From this assessment, the immensity of the challenges that slums pose is clear. Almost 1 billion people live in slums, the majority in the developing world where over 40 per cent of the urban population are slum dwellers. The number is growing and will continue to increase unless there is serious and concerted action by municipal authorities, governments, civil society and the international community. This report points the way forward and identifies the most promising approaches to achieving the United Nations Millennium Declaration targets for improving the lives of slum dwellers by scaling up participatory slum upgrading and poverty reduction programmes. The Global Report on Human Settlements is the most authoritative and up-to-date assessment of conditions and trends in the world's cities. Written in clear language and supported by informative graphics, case studies and extensive statistical data, it will be an essential tool and reference for researchers, academics, planners, public authorities and civil society organizations around the world.

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Population growth, reproductive health and reproductive rights are amongst the most pressing issues facing governments and the international community. Since the world's governments agreed for the first time on far-reaching and enlightened population policies at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, a good deal of progress has been made on these issues, but major challenges remain. This fully updated edition of Creating a New Consensus on Population charts international progress on efforts to address population and development, reproductive health, reproductive rights, religion, contraception and the empowerment of women. Historical coverage includes the lead up process to the ICPD, the conference itself and the global consensus and the ICPD Programme of Action that resulted. The book then turns to how population issues have developed over the past decade and a half including follow-up and implementation at the international level by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and other UN agencies and organizations. Key international events are covered including the 1999 ICPD+5, Millennium Summit 2000, ICPD+10 and the 2005 MDG+5 as well as relevant regional events. The book also examines the reorientation of policies and programmes and implementation at national levels across the world. Crucially, it looks at emerging issues and partnerships including the increasing role of NGOs, women's groups, youth groups, foundations, public-private partnerships and other non-state stakeholders. Written by Jyoti Shankar Singh, former ICPD Executive Coordinator, this is the definitive account of how the international community has engaged with population issues and policies and it offers insight into both the ongoing challenges as well as how an international consensus can be forged on crucial global issues. It is essential reading for all those involved in population, health and development issues and policies world-wide.

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Although democracy is a widely held value, concrete measurement of it is elusive. Gerardo L. Munck's constructive assessment of the methods used to measure democracies promises to bring order to the debate in academia and in practice. Drawing on his years of academic research on democracy and measurement and his practical experience evaluating democratic practices for the United Nations and the Organization of American States, Munck's discussion bridges the theories of academia with practical applications. In proposing a more open and collaborative relationship between theory and action, he makes the case for reassessing how democracy is measured and encourages fundamental changes in methodology. Munck's field-tested framework for quantifying and qualifying democracy is built around two instruments he developed: the UN Development Programme's Electoral Democracy Index and a case-by-case election monitoring tool used by the OAS. Measuring Democracy offers specific, real-world lessons that scholars and practitioners can use to improve the quality and utility of data about democracy.

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The development of the Internet has changed the environment for Geographical Information Systems (GIS), with the emphasis shifting from analysis to the sharing of data and information over the Internet thus making GIS more mobile and powerful. The Geography Mark-Up Language (GML) was developed as the standard language and is emerging as the foundation for Internet GIS. Geography Mark-Up Language: Foundation for the Geo-Web provides a broad coverage of the use of GML in different application areas, along with the technical means for building these applications. Starting from the basic concepts, this book works through all the important topics in both GML 2.0 and GML 3.0, with illustrations and worked examples to demonstrate its use. Organized into two sections, Volume I introduces readers to the new world of GML, and explains how it can be used across a broad range of GIS projects. It deals with the basic concepts of XML and GML, and enables readers to make decisions on the utility of GML in their projects and software acquisitions. Volume II is intended for the technical reader and answers questions on the meaning and structure of GML schema components, the development of GML application schemas, and the use of GML in connection with web services, legacy GIS and relational databases. Contains worked examples Covers all aspects of GML 3.0 from geometry and topology to units of measure, default styling and coverages Explains the Geo-Web and its impact on vertical applications Authored by leading figures in GML development This book is a must have for GIS vendors, system integrators and data providers; local/state/provincial and national government agencies; utilities and telecommunication companies; location-based services companies; data distributors; software developers and technical managers. It would make an excellent reference for mid and upper-level undergraduate students and Masters students taking technical GIS modules as part of a GIS or Technical Geography programmes.

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Biodiversity has been identified as a key issue in the general debate about the sustainable use of the world’s natural resources. Major international efforts are now underway to assess and maintain biodiversity. However, there is an urgent need to collect, manage and disseminate information related to biodiversity in an efficient and effective way. The purpose of this book is to review the needs and opportunities for information and efficient information flows in support of world priorities in biodiversity. It is based on papers presented at a workshop held in London in July 1996, organized by CAB International with the support of the International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS), International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO), IUCN — The World Conservation Union and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Contributors include leading players from organizations concerned with conserving and managing biodiversity, based in Europe and the USA as well as developing countries.

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Although democracy is a widely held value, concrete measurement of it is elusive. Gerardo L. Munck's constructive assessment of the methods used to measure democracies promises to bring order to the debate in academia and in practice. Drawing on his years of academic research on democracy and measurement and his practical experience evaluating democratic practices for the United Nations and the Organization of American States, Munck's discussion bridges the theories of academia with practical applications. In proposing a more open and collaborative relationship between theory and action, he makes the case for reassessing how democracy is measured and encourages fundamental changes in methodology. Munck's field-tested framework for quantifying and qualifying democracy is built around two instruments he developed: the UN Development Programme's Electoral Democracy Index and a case-by-case election monitoring tool used by the OAS. Measuring Democracy offers specific, real-world lessons that scholars and practitioners can use to improve the quality and utility of data about democracy.

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Java is now well-established as one of the world’s major programming languages, used in everything from desktop applications to web-hosted applications, enterprise systems and mobile devices. Java applications cover cloud-based services, the Internet of Things, self-driving cars, animation, game development, big data analysis and many more domains.The second edition of Foundational Java: Key Elements and Practical Programming presents a detailed guide to the core features of Java – and some more recent innovations – enabling the reader to build their skills and confidence though tried-and-trusted stages, supported by exercises that reinforce the key learning points. All the most useful and commonly applied Java syntax and libraries are introduced, along with many example programs that can provide the basis for more substantial applications. Use of the Eclipse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and the JUnit testing framework is integral to the book, ensuring maximum productivity and code quality when learning Java, although to ensure that skills are not confined to one environment the fundamentals of the Java compiler and run time are also explained. Additionally, coverage of the Ant tool will equip the reader with the skills to automatically build, test and deploy applications independent of an IDE.Topics and features:• Presents the most up-to-date information on Java, including Java 14• Examines the key theme of unit testing, introducing the JUnit 5 testing framework to emphasize the importance of unit testing in modern software development• Describes the Eclipse IDE, the most popular open source Java IDE and explains how Java can be run from the command line• Includes coverage of the Ant build tool• Contains numerous code examples and exercises throughout• Provides downloadable source code, self-test questions, PowerPoint slides and other supplementary material at the website http://www.foundjava.comThis hands-on, classroom-tested textbook/reference is ideal for undergraduate students on introductory and intermediate courses on programming with Java. Professional software developers will also find this an excellent self-study guide/refresher on the topic.Dr. David Parsons is National Postgraduate Director at The Mind Lab, Auckland, New Zealand. He has been teaching programming in both academia and industry since the 1980s and writing about it since the 1990s.

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'The instability of the global food supply system requires our urgent attention. There are no easy solutions but the starting point must entail a critical analysis of the existing institutions governing the ownership and exchange of the plant genetic resources that underpin our long-term food security. Dr Chiarolla s book makes a valuable contribution to the debate.' --Graham Dutfield, University of Leeds, UK'This book captures some of the key issues underlying the ever-lasting food crises both at national and global levels. It demonstrates how global policies impact national and local actions while the food insecurity seem to be a constant companion to many in spite of decades of our work on securing food as a fundamental right for the poor.'-- Balakrishna Pisupati, United Nations Environment Programme, Kenya'This thoughtful book raises important issues about ownership of agricultural resources, the environment and food security. Claudio Chiarolla has written an important book that challenges traditional notions of plant genetic resources and agricultural research. The author's detailed and thorough approach ensures that the book will make a valuable contribution to the debate about sustainable agricultural development and it is highly recommended to anyone interested in intellectual property rights and sustainable agriculture.'-- Duncan Matthews, Queen Mary University of London, UKThis well-researched book focuses on international governance of crop diversity and agricultural innovation. It highlights the implications that the future control of food, including access to agricultural resources and technologies, might have for global food security.Claudio Chiarolla analyzes developmental implications of global regulatory reforms that impact on access to agricultural knowledge, science and technology for sustainable development. Current global arrangements fall short of halving the proportion of people who suffer from hunger in accordance with the Millennium Development Goals' framework. Therefore, the book proposes ways to achieve international equity in the way agricultural research is conducted, how its results are disseminated and the benefits shared.This definitive study will be appreciated by anyone interested in intellectual property, agricultural innovation, environmental policy, and biotechnology and associated regulatory challenges. It will be a valuable resource for policymakers and practitioners, legislators, academic professionals, civil society activists and scholars in legal, environment and development studies.Contents: 1. Introduction and Overview; 2. Patents, Agricultural Innovation and Sustainable Development; 3. Plant Intellectual Property Protection: Patents and Plant Variety Rights; 4. The International Legal Framework of Access to Plant Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing; 5. Case Study: The Regulation of Crop Diversity in Viet Nam; 6. Conclusions; Bibliography; Index

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Do you want to know more about the key aspects of teaching PE? Would you like help in planning effective PE lessons? Would you like to begin to develop your own personal teaching philosophy? Then this is the essential guide for you!This book will support you in your initial teacher training programme and beyond, taking you through the wide range of issues that you need to consider in order to become a successful teacher and develop successful learners.Each chapter looks at important aspects of PE teaching and relates it directly to the PE lesson and how pupils learn. It covers key areas, including: Planning Assessment Lesson organization Managing pupil behaviour Health and safety ICT There is a sample lesson plan at the end of every chapter which shows the reader how to incorporate aspects of the PE National Curriculum into each lesson. Reflection tasks are included throughout to encourage trainee teachers to critically analyze their own practice. This is supported with real life examples of teacher and trainee experiences of teaching PE in secondary schools.The book also provides guidance to the trainee teacher applying for their first post in a school. The authors offer common interview questions to help the reader formulate and justify a personal philosophy of teaching PE which will be vital to their personal and professional development, as well as the interview process itself.This book is essential reading for all trainee and practising secondary school PE teachers."I highly recommend the text for physical education trainee curriculum/pedagogy programs and also existing practitioner reflection."Allan Sander, University of North Florida Coordinator of Physical Education, United States"This book is a very useful text for initial teacher trainers and their trainees alike."Julie Armstrong, PGCE PE Course Leader, Durham University“The format of the book with opportunities for reflection, case studies, clear links to practice, exemplar lesson plans and signposted further readings makes the book suitable for anyone training as a secondary school physical education teacher.”Paul Carney, Programme Director BA/BSc Physical Education and Sport & Exercise Science Canterbury Christ Church University“The authors are to be congratulated on achieving a consistency of style, content and rigour across the chapters with a number of contributors. Their reward is a book that will be extremely helpful for use by trainee teachers in their journey towards qualified teacher status and entry to the teaching profession.”Mick Abrahams, afPE Lead Regional Physical Education Subject Adviser

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This book takes a transdisciplinary approach and considers multisectoral actions, integrating health, agriculture and environmental sector issues to comprehensively explore the topic of sustainable diets. The team of international authors informs readers with arguments, challenges, perspectives, policies, actions and solutions on global topics that must be properly understood in order to be effectively addressed. They position issues of sustainable diets as central to the Earth's future. Presenting the latest findings, they: - Explore the transition to sustainable diets within the context of sustainable food systems, addressing the right to food, and linking food security and nutrition to sustainability. - Convey the urgency of coordinated action, and consider how to engage multiple sectors in dialogue and joint research to tackle the pressing problems that have taken us to the edge, and beyond, of the planet's limits to growth. - Review tools, methods and indicators for assessing sustainable diets. - Describe lessons learned from case studies on both traditional food systems and current dietary challenges. As an affiliated project of the One Planet Sustainable Food Systems Programme, this book provides a way forward for achieving global and local targets, including the Sustainable Development Goals and the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition commitments. This resource is essential reading for scientists, practitioners, and students in the fields of nutrition science, food science, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, development studies, food studies, public health and food policy.

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The culture of peace and non-violence is essential to human existence, development and progress. In 1999, the United Nations General Assembly adopted by consensus the norm-setting, forward-looking “Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace”. Governments, institutions, NGOs, other civil society entities and, in particular, individuals – all are encouraged therein to contribute to the global movement for the culture of peace. Related to this vision, this rich and varied dialogue discusses how the culture of peace can be achieved in the world. Based on the extensive personal and professional experiences of two high-profile thinkers and activists, they analyse the challenges unfolding at local, national and global levels and how these relate to humanity’s quest for peace, human security and happiness. Although coming from very different positions – one a Buddhist philosopher, educator and leader; the other a UN diplomat renowned for his international work in peace, development and human rights – these interlocutors are united in their search for justice and better quality of life for all and their conviction that women and young people are the most effective means to achieving positive change in the world. The dialogue provides ideas on the key challenges that face our planet: poverty and deprivation, war and violence, nuclear weapons and small arms, climate change and environmental degradation, weak governance and financial crises, marginalization of women and alienation of youth and the relentless drive for materialism. They also invite us to consider how the culture of peace can be practically achieved through an individual, collective and institutional transformation. Recognizing that global citizenship, multilateralism, women’s equality and value-creating education are central and inter-linked themes, this dialogue also underscores the inherent strength of spirituality, compassion, empathy, forgiveness, respect for diversity and empowerment that comes from the trials and tribulations of life.

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The culture of peace and non-violence is essential to human existence, development and progress. In 1999, the United Nations General Assembly adopted by consensus the norm-setting, forward-looking “Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace”. Governments, institutions, NGOs, other civil society entities and, in particular, individuals – all are encouraged therein to contribute to the global movement for the culture of peace. Related to this vision, this rich and varied dialogue discusses how the culture of peace can be achieved in the world. Based on the extensive personal and professional experiences of two high-profile thinkers and activists, they analyse the challenges unfolding at local, national and global levels and how these relate to humanity’s quest for peace, human security and happiness. Although coming from very different positions – one a Buddhist philosopher, educator and leader; the other a UN diplomat renowned for his international work in peace, development and human rights – these interlocutors are united in their search for justice and better quality of life for all and their conviction that women and young people are the most effective means to achieving positive change in the world. The dialogue provides ideas on the key challenges that face our planet: poverty and deprivation, war and violence, nuclear weapons and small arms, climate change and environmental degradation, weak governance and financial crises, marginalization of women and alienation of youth and the relentless drive for materialism. They also invite us to consider how the culture of peace can be practically achieved through an individual, collective and institutional transformation. Recognizing that global citizenship, multilateralism, women’s equality and value-creating education are central and inter-linked themes, this dialogue also underscores the inherent strength of spirituality, compassion, empathy, forgiveness, respect for diversity and empowerment that comes from the trials and tribulations of life.

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The concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) was developed as an alternative to chemical pesticides following the widespread realization or their horrifying and damaging effects on environment, human, animal and plant health, which were vividly portrayed in Rachel Carson s book Silent Spring. The IPM approach involves the use of different tactics in compatible combinations to keep pest populations below the levels at which they cause economics injury. Thus. the IPM approach minimizes the use of chemical pesticides and avoids their harmful effects. The development and implementation of IPM has been increasing in North America with successful results. However, its role in tropical agriculture is less well known. For this reason, the United Nations Environment Programine (UNEP), and the International Center for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) undertook a global review of IPM to assess the impact of related activities in tropical regions of Asia. Africa and South America. This volume assesses the current status and future prospects for IPM in these regions, it provide a unique overview of the efforts made to develop and implement IPM for the pests of livestock and agroforestry in selected countries in the tropics (including India and China), as well as a survey of IPM strategies on a crop-by-crop basis for each continent. The book gives an honest appraisal of both the successes and failures of past IPM programmes and provides new paradigms and directions that IPM must develop, if it is to be adopted by farmers and governments on a scale necessary to change their current reliance on chemical pestioldes

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Aquaculture and the Environment Second Edition T. V. R. Pillay The continuing rapid increases in aquaculture production world-wide raise fears of further environmental degradation of the aquatic environment. The second edition of this well-received book brings together and discusses the available information on all major environmental aspects of various aquaculture systems, providing a valuable aid to the preparation of environmental impact assessments of aquaculture projects and showing how potential environmental problems can be reduced or mitigated by sound management. Much new information is presented in this new edition, including details of the impact of genetically modified food products and a new chapter on the sustainability of aquaculture, which covers the definitions of sustainability and responsible aquaculture, environmental, economic, social and ethical aspects of sustainability and the concept of ecotechnology in fish farming. Aquaculture and the Environment, Second Edition is essential reading for all personnel working on fish farms and for those moving into the aquatic farm business. Environmental scientists, ecologists, conservationists, fish and shellfish biologist and all those involved in the preservation of aquatic environments will find much of great use and interest within the covers of this book. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies of this excellent and useful book on their shelves. Dr T. V. R. Pillay was formerly Programme Director, Aquaculture Development and Coordination Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

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The SIPRI Yearbook is an authoritative and independent source of data and analysis on armaments, disarmament and international security. It provides an overview of developments in international security, weapons and technology, military expenditure, arms production and the arms trade, and armed conflicts and conflict management, along with efforts to control conventional, nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. This 52nd edition of the SIPRI Yearbook covers developments during 2020, including BL Armed conflicts and conflict management, with an overview of armed conflicts and peace processes across the Americas, Asia and Oceania, Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa, as well as a focus on global and regional trends in peace operations and the United Nations appeal for a global ceasefire to address the Covid-19 pandemic BL Military expenditure, international arms transfers and developments in arms production BL World nuclear forces, with an overview of each of the nine nuclear-armed states and their nuclear modernization programmes BL Nuclear arms control, featuring developments in Russian–United States strategic dialogue, Iran's nuclear deal and the multilateral nuclear arms control and disarmament treaties, including the entry into force of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons BL Chemical and biological security threats, including the impact of the unfolding Covid-19 pandemic, the investigation of allegations of chemical weapon use in Syria and developments in the international legal instruments against chemical and biological warfare BL Conventional arms control, with a focus on global instruments, including efforts to regulate lethal autonomous weapon systems, state behaviour in cyberspace and space, and developments in the Open Skies Treaty BL Dual-use and arms trade controls, including developments in the Arms Trade Treaty, multilateral arms embargoes and export control regimes, and review processes in the legal framework of the European Union for such controls as well as annexes listing arms control and disarmament agreements, international security cooperation bodies, and key events in 2020.

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Many developing countries are falling behind sustainable development goals: food and nutrition levels have deteriorated due to conflict, climate change, and the Covid pandemic, while global ambitions for achieving sustainable food security and adequate nutrition have increased. But what are the prospects of achieving sustainable, healthy food for all? What is the best response to concerns about growing differentiation among developing countries in terms of domestic agricultural and industrial performance? How have global institutions, established during the post-World War Two period, helped developing countries to deal with the past economic fallout of food, fuel, and financial crises? Food for All explores how developments since these organizations were established have led to changes in the provision of international financial and technical assistance in support of the global food and agriculture system and how developing countries' own efforts have helped transform them These developments, and the increase in the number of global actors, have expanded and complicated global governance, presenting both opportunities for as well as challenges to the improvement of food systems. This volume provides an analysis of the structure, coordination, and management of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the World Food Programme (WFP). It also looks at the World Bank, the largest international funder of policy advice and investment projects, and CGIAR, a leading funder of international agricultural research. This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.

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One of the greatest American presidents, Franklin Delano Roosevelt built a coalition of labour, ethnic, urban, low-income and African American voters that underwrote the Democratic Party’s national ascendancy from the 1930s to the 1980s. Over his four terms, he promoted the New Deal – the greatest reform programme in US history – to meet the challenges of the Great Depression, led the United States to the brink of victory in the Second World War, and established the modern presidency as the driving force of American politics and government. Iwan Morgan takes a fresh look at FDR, showing how his leadership enabled the United States of America to become the most successful country of the twentieth century. This astute and original assessment of a highly consequential presidency explains how Roosevelt enhanced the governing capacity of his office, promoted a constitutional revolution through his dealings with the Supreme Court, and forged a new intimacy between the president and the American people through his genius for political communication. It also demonstrates the significance of his organizational and strategic leadership as commander-in-chief in America’s greatest foreign war, his role in holding together the US-British-Soviet Grand Alliance against the Axis powers, and his pioneering development of the national-security presidency that sought to promote a lasting post-war peace for the world. In fluid, immensely readable prose, Morgan focuses on the ways in which FDR transformed the presidency into an institution of domestic and international leadership to establish the modern ideal of the office as an assertive, democratic executive charged with meeting the challenges facing the US at home and abroad.

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The number of athletes training for and competing in mixed martial arts has skyrocketed to over 3.6 million, making it one of the world’s fastest-growing sports. To succeed, fighters need to not only master various martial arts disciplines but also develop the physical stamina and mental endurance to dominate their opponents.Based on the latest science and research, Training and Conditioning for MMA details physical training, nutrition, and injury prevention for all martial arts disciplines. It uses actual training programs and showcases real examples recurring in the day-to-day preparation of countless elite MMA fighters from the American Top Team, UFC, Bellator, Sambo, and Jiu-Jitsu World Championships. Collectively, the 21 contributors to this book have trained over 200 amateur, professional, national, and Olympic MMA champions, including Amanda Nunes, Junior Dos Santos, Marcus "Buchecha" Almeida, Mark Hunt, Yoel Romero, Héctor Lombard, and Glover Teixeira. The quality and extent of the knowledge they share in these pages is simply unmatched in the world of MMA training resources.Developed for combat athletes and the trainers and coaches who work with them, Training and Conditioning for MMA is a complete manual for all training-related aspects of MMA, featuring the following: Methodology of sports training, including the periodization model used at American Top Team Principles for designing a fighter’s training program Physical assessment of a fighter, from body composition to flexibility Importance of nutrition in high-level training More than 45 proven training programs for a wide range of martial arts disciplines, athlete types, and levels, accompanied by photos of professional MMA fighters demonstrating exercises and techniques Prevention strategies for MMA-related injuries Comprehensive yet practical, Training and Conditioning for MMA is the definitive resource for success for developing future champions.Earn continuing education credits/units! A continuing education exam that uses this book is also available. It may be purchased separately or as part of a package that includes both the book and exam.

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The Silent Cinema Reader is a comprehensive resource of key writings on early cinema, addressing filmmaking practice, film form, style and content, and the ways in which silent films were exhibited and understood by their audiences, from the beginnings of film in the late nineteenth century to the coming of sound in the late 1920s. The Reader covers international developments in film aesthetics, the growth of the American film industry and its relationship with foreign competitors at home and abroad, and the broader cultural, social and political contexts of film production and consumption in the United States as well as Britain, France, Russia and Germany. The Reader includes in-depth case studies of major directors and stars of the silent era, including Cecil B. DeMille, Eisenstein, D. W. Griffith, Buster Keaton, Charlie Chaplin and Rudolph Valentino.Articles are grouped into thematic sections, each with an introduction by the editors, which focus on:* Film projection and variety shows* Storytelling and the nickelodeon* Cinema and reform* Feature films and cinema programmes* Classical Hollywood cinema* European national cinemas

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Globally renowned for its accuracy, consistency and reliability, the Europa World Year Book provides detailed country surveys containing the latest analytical, statistical and directory information available for over 250 countries and territories.For more than eighty years since its first publication, the Europa World Year Book has been at the forefront of political information on library reference shelves, providing reliable and timely information which is often hard to find.International OrganizationsOver 1,900 international and regional organizations are included, broken down into three sections. All the featured organizations listed appear listed in a comprehensive index. The first section provides detailed coverage of the United Nations and its related agencies and bodies. The second section lists a further 60 other major international organizations. These entries provide in-depth articles on the activities of each organization and the programmes they run, a list of member states, and information covering the structure of the organization. Contact details, publications and information on finance are also included. The third section lists some 1,7500 other international organizations, listed by area of activity. Contact details and publications are listed for each entry, as well as a description of activities. Organizations featured include the United Nations Environmental Programme, the European Union, the International Organization for Migration, the Criminal Court, the World Trade Organization, and the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.Country SurveysMore than 250 countries and territories are covered by an individual chapter. These chapters contain: Introductory Survey The Introductory Survey includes essays covering recent history, economic affairs, government, defence, education and public holidays. Updated and revised annually, these provide an excellent introduction to the country.Statistical Survey This section provides tables giving the latest available figures on area and population; health and welfare; agriculture; forestry; fishing; mining; industry; finance; trade; transport; tourism; the media; and education. Statistics are sourced from official local or national bodies, or from international organizations where appropriate.Directory Section A comprehensive directory section lists names, addresses, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail and internet addresses, plus other useful facts about organizations from the fields of government; election commissions; political organizations; diplomatic representation; judicial system; religions; the press; publishers; broadcasting and communications; banking; insurance; trade and industry; development organizations; chambers of commerce; industrial and trade associations; utilities; trade unions; transport; and tourism.

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Reproductive Health and Human Rights: The Way Forward critically reflects on the past fifteen years of international efforts aimed at improving health, alleviating poverty, diminishing gender inequality, and promoting human rights. The volume includes essays by leading scholars and practitioners that are centered on the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) and its resulting Programme of Action. ICPD, an agreement among 179 governments, UN agencies, and NGOs, was intended to shape population and development policy—reinterpreted and redefined as "reproductive health." More than a decade after the enthusiasm that accompanied ICPD, there is growing concern about its effectiveness in the context of global health and development. Reproductive Health and Human Rights addresses that concern. The book grapples with fundamental questions about the relationships among population, fertility decline, reproductive health, human rights, poverty alleviation, and development and assesses the various arguments—demographic, public health, human rights-based, and economic—for and against ICPD today. A number of the chapters address institutional challenges to ICPD and consider how the changing political, religious, academic, and disciplinary contexts matter. Other chapters engage operational and conceptual issues and whether ICPD has been able to move the reproductive health agenda forward on topics such as maternal mortality, abortion, HIV/AIDS, adolescents, reproductive technologies, and demography. Finally, several chapters examine how ICPD has been sidelined by emerging health and development agendas and what could be done in response. Unlike any book yet published, Reproductive Health and Human Rights: The Way Forward examines the state of the arguments for reproductive health and rights from a multidisciplinary perspective that provides policymakers, scholars, and activists with a better understanding of how reproductive health and rights have developed, their place in the global policy agenda, and how they might evolve most effectively in the future.

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In September 2018, the 73rd General Assembly of the United Nations acknowledged that international instability is increasing and that improving global security is among the most important tasks facing the world today. The Assembly concluded that it is extremely important to develop new, effective frameworks and technologies to understand and confront increasingly complex networks of actors, interests, and contexts. Leading international security expert Peter Sapaty meets this challenge head-on and introduces a new, high-level distributed processing and control approach capable of finding real-time solutions for irregularities, crises, and security problems emerging any time and in any part of the world. Drawing upon the principles of Gestalt psychology, this book develops a radically new model of technology, Spatial Grasp Technology (SGT), a self-navigating, self-replicating, self-modifying spatial pattern technology expressed in a special high-level recursive language. Through rigorous theoretical argument and many practical examples, Sapaty shows how SGT can account for millions to billions of nodes distributed worldwide without vulnerable central resources; explains why SGT is hundreds of times shorter, simpler, and faster than other models and languages; and shows that SGT's technology basics are so simple that they can be effectively implemented even in a short time by a small group of system programmers within traditional university environments. Perhaps most importantly, Sapaty demonstrates how SGT is capable of implementing security scenarios not only at run time, but also conceivably ahead of it, allowing in some cases for the prediction and even prevention of local or global crises. For the novelty, simplicity, and wide applicability of its approach, Complexity in International Security is essential reading for system scientists, application programmers, industry managers, security and defence personnel, and university students interested in advanced MSc and PhD projects in the area of holistic and distributed management.

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