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Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1973, 1974) (hereafter referred to as BSM) introduced the contingent claim approach (CCA) to the valuation of corporate debt and equity. The BSM modeling framework is also named the 'structural' approach to risky debt valuation. The CCA considers all stakeholders of the corporation as holding contingent claims on the assets of the corporation. Each claim holder has different priorities, maturities and conditions for payouts. It is based on the principle that all the assets belong to all the liability holders.The BSM modeling framework gives the basic fundamental version of the structural model where default is assumed to occur when the net asset value of the firm at the maturity of the pure-discount debt becomes negative, i.e., market value of the assets of the firm falls below the face value of the firm's liabilities. In a regime of limited liability, the shareholders of the firm have the option to default on the firm's debt. Equity can be viewed as a European call option on the firm's assets with a strike price equal to the face value of the firm's debt. Actually, CCA can be used to value all the components of the firm's liabilities, equity, warrants, debt, contingent convertible debt, guarantees, etc.In the four volumes we present the major academic research on CCA in corporate finance starting from 1973, with seminal papers of Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1973, 1974). Volume I covers the foundation of CCA and contributions on equity valuation. Volume II focuses on corporate debt valuation and the capital structure of the firm. Volume III presents empirical evidence on the valuation of debt instruments as well as applications of the CCA to various financial arrangements. The papers in Volume IV show how to apply the CCA to analyze sovereign credit risk, contingent convertible bonds (CoCos), deposit insurance and loan guarantees. Volume 1: Foundations of CCA and Equity ValuationVolume 1 presents the seminal papers of Black and Scholes (1973) and Merton (1973, 1974). This volume also includes papers that specifically price equity as a call option on the corporation. It introduces warrants, convertible bonds and taxation as contingent claims on the corporation. It highlights the strong relationship between the CCA and the Modigliani-Miller (M&M) Theorems, and the relation to the Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM). Volume 2: Corporate Debt Valuation with CCAVolume 2 concentrates on corporate bond valuation by introducing various types of bonds with different covenants as well as introducing various conditions that trigger default. While empirical evidence indicates that the simple Merton's model underestimates the credit spreads, additional risk factors like jumps can be used to resolve it. Volume 3: Empirical Testing and Applications of CCAVolume 3 includes papers that look at issues in corporate finance that can be explained with the CCA approach. These issues include the effect of dividend policy on the valuation of debt and equity, the pricing of employee stock options and many other issues of corporate governance. Volume 4: Contingent Claims Approach for Banks and Sovereign DebtVolume 4 focuses on the application of the contingent claim approach to banks and other financial intermediaries. Regulation of the banking industry led to the creation of new financial securities (e.g., CoCos) and new types of stakeholders (e.g., deposit insurers).

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The bestselling “bible” of risk management gets a comprehensive update, with special attention to the pandemic crisis, new emerging risks associated with digital finance and the emergence of disruptive new technologies and FinTechThe Essentials of Risk Management has long been the go-to guide to financial risk management, combining academic research with real world applications. Now, in this thoroughly updated edition, the authors revisit previously covered topics while addressing a wide range of new issues—from the pandemic to new technologies such as machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI), climate change and distributed ledger technology (DLT).This third edition of continues to cover all the relevant topics, from the structure and workings of various financial markets and the financial instruments used in risk management, to best-practice risk policies, methodologies, and infrastructure. Using simple language and step-by-step techniques, the authors show you how to implement risk management programs in complex areas such as market risk management, credit portfolio management, economic capital, asset-liability management and stress testing.New chapters address: The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic from a risk perspective The emergence of new technologies that have facilitated the explosion of FinTech companies that compete with traditional banks to provide financial services cheaper, more user-friendly and with greater efficiency The dramatic increase in the size and scale of cyber risk, anti-money laundering risk, and reputation risk, as well as the concept of risk appetite and risk adjusted returns, all of which have become more prominent over the last decade Risk management issues specific to start-ups, and more There’s no need to lurch from crisis to crisis. Whether you’re a senior manager trying to assess risk in a rapidly changing environment or a corporate CFO struggling to follow emerging rules, standards, and conventions, this book provides a detailed, up-to-the-minute, non-mathematical look at risk management, with clear objectives and step-by-step techniques for achieving them.

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How can all the nuts and bolts of a business be analyzed effectively in one comprehensive model and translated into a business plan? At various points in the life of a business, entrepreneurs will need to take stock of their ideas and plans and reformulate them in business and financial terms. How to Create a Successful Business Plan is about dynamic planning for businesses and provides a structured approach to business planning that focuses on the main components of the business model, while addressing key issues often raised by investors and potential business partners. It gives the company order and structure and helps managers optimize team integration and resources. The book provides a framework in which professionals from a broad range of backgrounds can work together on a successful business plan. Readers will find that the business model is discussed in depth, yet in accessible and easily understood terms.

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