Search results for ""Markus Wiener Publishing Inc""

Spanish colonial society was divided into a caste system based on race and religion. Slaves comprised the lowest caste, leading some to seek power through African magic. Meanwhile, children of Jewish fathers and African women tried to gain social status by embracing Judaism—but in the process they risked retribution from the Spanish Inquisition, whose tribunals zealously prosecuted the perceived threat to the colonies from multicultural witchcraft and from alleged secret Jews.The Spanish authorities and the Inquisition were aware that the lower castes were in close social and sexual contact with one another, and that many of their subjects were of mixed race. This book explores the question of how free and enslaved Africans and secret Jews interacted in daily life. It focuses on two stories that exemplify the sexual, religious and commercial contacts between the castes; their worldwide underground networks from Europe to Africa, from South American to Asia; and the intertwined religious and magical practices of secret Jews, Africans and others. The Inquisition, with its reliance on denunciation and torture, had only limited control over the daily lives of different castes, from slaves to merchants and highest ranks of nobility.The two tales also illustrate the perils tied to religious identity and practice in the colonies. One, set in 17th-century Cartagena de Índias, features a biracial surgeon famed for his magic powers. To bargain for his freedom, he denounced his wealthier colleague for secretly practicing Judaism. The colleague was arrested and confessed under torture.The second story involves Esperanza Rodríguez, a biracial Mexican woman tried by the Inquisition in the 1640s for secretly practicing Judaism. In Seville, Rodríguez had been a slave of a New Christian (converted Jewish) woman, who was connected to the highest strata of Spanish aristocracy and who introduced Rodríguez to Judaism before freeing her. Rodríguez accepted Judaism in order to close the social gap that separated her from her former owner. She mixed with other African people who created their own circle of converted Africans, and she traveled with her family from Seville to Cuba, Mexico and Cartagena. But she was eventually caught by the Inquisition and tortured into confessing her religion.Many of the New Christians and freed Africans lived adventurous lives, traveled between continents and were connected to worldwide underground circles, which had significant influence in the development of the colonial world. This book tells their story for the first time.

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This new and very important collection of essays reinterprets and updates the history of New York's Puerto Rican community and its leaders from the beginnings of the great migration in the 1940s to the present time. The collection also honors the memory of the late Dr. Antonia Pantoja, who was perhaps the community's most important and influential activist and institution builder during this period. The book is organized in chronological order and includes chapters by noted historians, sociologists, and political scientists, such as Virginia Sanchez Korrol, Ana Celia Zentella, Jose Cruz, Francisco Rivera Batiz, and Gabriel Haslip-Viera. These chapters focus on issues of culture, demography, language, economic status, politics, and community organization. Eminently useful in college-level courses that deal with Latinos and other ethnic groups in U.S. society, the book ends with essays by Angelo Falcon and Clara E. Rodriguez that assess the legacy, current status, and future prospects of the Puerto Rican community in New York.

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The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the III/IX Century is the only full-length study on the revolt o f the Zanj. Scholars of slavery, the African diaspora and th e Middle East have lauded Popovic''s work. '

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A survey of the rather neglected transitional period between the decline of classical Islamic civilization and the revival of recent times. Topics covered include: the Ottoman Empire to 1774; North West Africa from the 15th to the 19th centuries; and India under the Mughal Empire.

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Up until the 1970 the Jamaican establishment considered ""culture"" to be European. Visiting scholars and artists such as St. Lucia's Derek Walcott slowly convinced political and business leaders that Caribbean islands have their own culture beyond the colonial influence, leading to the establishment of institutions such as schools, galleries and theaters to celebrate the island's own multicultural heritage. This is a revised edition of Nettleford's classic study on cultural development in Caribbean society.

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The United States during World War II was unprepared for one of Germany’s most destructive war efforts: a U-boat assault on Allied ships in the Caribbean that sank about 400 tankers and merchant ships, with few losses to the German submarine fleet. The Germans had set up a network of spies and had the secret support of some dictators, including the Dominican Republic’s Rafael Trujillo, supplying their U-boats with fuel.The Caribbean was of crucial strategic importance to the Allies. Roughly 95 percent of the oil sustaining the East Coast of the United States came from the region, along with bauxite, required to manufacture airplanes. The United States invested billions of dollars to build bases, landing strips, roads, and other military infrastructure on the Puerto Rico and secured a 99-year lease on all the British bases located in the Caribbean. The United States also struck an agreement with neutral Vichy France to keep the French Navy in the harbor of Martinique, preventing it from being turned over to the Germans, in exchange for a food supply for the island.Elsewhere, however, the German blockade was taking a dire human toll. All of the islands experienced a drastic food shortage. The US military buildup created jobs and income, but locals were paid a third as much as continental workers. The military also brought its segregationist policies to the islands, creating further tensions and resentment.The sacrifice of the Caribbean people was bitter, but their participation in the war effort was also decisive: The U-boat menace more or less disappeared from the region in late 1943, thanks to their work building up the US military operation.

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The history of the Caribbean is a history of migrations. The peoples of the region came as conquerors and planters, slaves and indentured laborers from all parts of the globe. Each group contributed to the social fabric, culture, and commerce of the region. The Chinese diaspora has spread Chinese people and culture around the world, including to the Caribbean, where Chinese exist both as distinct ethnic groups within Caribbean societies and as shapers of unique Caribbean cultures. This book describes not merely the arrival and experience of Chinese in the Caribbean but also the ways in which Chinese have adapted to and altered the region. Included are the histories of Chinese people in Cuba, Jamaica, Panama, and the British West Indies, their arrival as indentured laborers, the discrimination they suffered and overcame, their slow rise to economic independence and success, their contribution to art, theater, cuisine, and literature, their roles in the region's national revolutions, their place in post-colonial politics, and the subsequent remigrations of individuals, families, and entire communities to North America.

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Spanish colonial society was divided into a caste system based on race and religion. Slaves comprised the lowest caste, leading some to seek power through African magic. Meanwhile, children of Jewish fathers and African women tried to gain social status by embracing Judaism—but in the process they risked retribution from the Spanish Inquisition, whose tribunals zealously prosecuted the perceived threat to the colonies from multicultural witchcraft and from alleged secret Jews.The Spanish authorities and the Inquisition were aware that the lower castes were in close social and sexual contact with one another, and that many of their subjects were of mixed race. This book explores the question of how free and enslaved Africans and secret Jews interacted in daily life. It focuses on two stories that exemplify the sexual, religious and commercial contacts between the castes; their worldwide underground networks from Europe to Africa, from South American to Asia; and the intertwined religious and magical practices of secret Jews, Africans and others. The Inquisition, with its reliance on denunciation and torture, had only limited control over the daily lives of different castes, from slaves to merchants and highest ranks of nobility.The two tales also illustrate the perils tied to religious identity and practice in the colonies. One, set in 17th-century Cartagena de Índias, features a biracial surgeon famed for his magic powers. To bargain for his freedom, he denounced his wealthier colleague for secretly practicing Judaism. The colleague was arrested and confessed under torture.The second story involves Esperanza Rodríguez, a biracial Mexican woman tried by the Inquisition in the 1640s for secretly practicing Judaism. In Seville, Rodríguez had been a slave of a New Christian (converted Jewish) woman, who was connected to the highest strata of Spanish aristocracy and who introduced Rodríguez to Judaism before freeing her. Rodríguez accepted Judaism in order to close the social gap that separated her from her former owner. She mixed with other African people who created their own circle of converted Africans, and she traveled with her family from Seville to Cuba, Mexico and Cartagena. But she was eventually caught by the Inquisition and tortured into confessing her religion.Many of the New Christians and freed Africans lived adventurous lives, traveled between continents and were connected to worldwide underground circles, which had significant influence in the development of the colonial world. This book tells their story for the first time.

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Conveys the essence of the confirmation hearing which turned into the remarkable seminar on constitutional law in the history of the US Senate.

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This dissertation is written by an African slave. He was brought to Holland by his owner, and educated at the University of Leiden with grants from wealthy burghers. Thereafter he returned to Guinea as a missionary. His analysis presents an intellectual genealogy of Western thought on slavery.

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This is an account of the occupiers extortio n, confiscation, and resulting hardships, as well as the act ions of those who resisted, is a timely reminder of the dram a being played out in Afghanistan today. '

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A collection of documents by black American slaves, written while enslaved or shortly after escape. The words recorded here express complexity and diversity of thought and feeling about slavery and being black, and offer glimpses into the interior lives of a number of American slaves.

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This book brings together eleven essays on Islamic political thought by Bernard Lewis, the acknowledged doyen of middle eastern studies. Few historians have garnered such a broad audience as Lewis, whose works are widely read by scholars, politicians, journalists, and the general public. This latest collection of essays is replete with the incisive historical insight for which Lewis, the world's foremost scholar of the Middle East, is known. With erudition, eloquence and wit, Lewis provides a focused treatment of fundamental Islamic political terms that is at once thoughtful and provocative. The essays provide the background that is essential to understanding Islamic civilization, and consequently, the troubled history of its relations with the West.

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A selection of essays focusing on the main reasons for the economic decline in the Middle East. It discusses climate, geography and religion, with particular emphasis on the military elite, whose contempt for artisans and merchants thwarted positive economic initiatives.

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A history of the science of hydrology as applied to the Nile, whose annual flows can produce acute drought or disastrous floods. The author makes it clear that the decisive forces in his complex story are political ones, in a context of internal and international rivalries and brutal civil wars.

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In the first quarter of the 20th century, China was in turmoil, facing an existential crisis. Chinese politicians and intellectuals looked to the Turkish Republic as a role model. Turkey defeated foreign invading forces and renegotiated unfair treaties, adapted to the modern world, and initiated series of reforms in all walks of life. Chinese travellers chronicled their observations, and included the notes of Shi Zhaoji, the first Chinese ambassador to the US, and Hu Hanmin, an early leader in the Kuomintang.

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In the first quarter of the 20th century, China was in turmoil, facing an existential crisis. Chinese politicians and intellectuals looked to the Turkish Republic as a role model. Turkey defeated foreign invading forces and renegotiated unfair treaties, adapted to the modern world, and initiated series of reforms in all walks of life. Chinese travellers chronicled their observations, and included the notes of Shi Zhaoji, the first Chinese ambassador to the US, and Hu Hanmin, an early leader in the Kuomintang.

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The United States during World War II was unprepared for one of Germany’s most destructive war efforts: a U-boat assault on Allied ships in the Caribbean that sank about 400 tankers and merchant ships, with few losses to the German submarine fleet. The Germans had set up a network of spies and had the secret support of some dictators, including the Dominican Republic’s Rafael Trujillo, supplying their U-boats with fuel.The Caribbean was of crucial strategic importance to the Allies. Roughly 95 percent of the oil sustaining the East Coast of the United States came from the region, along with bauxite, required to manufacture airplanes. The United States invested billions of dollars to build bases, landing strips, roads, and other military infrastructure on the Puerto Rico and secured a 99-year lease on all the British bases located in the Caribbean. The United States also struck an agreement with neutral Vichy France to keep the French Navy in the harbor of Martinique, preventing it from being turned over to the Germans, in exchange for a food supply for the island.Elsewhere, however, the German blockade was taking a dire human toll. All of the islands experienced a drastic food shortage. The US military buildup created jobs and income, but locals were paid a third as much as continental workers. The military also brought its segregationist policies to the islands, creating further tensions and resentment.The sacrifice of the Caribbean people was bitter, but their participation in the war effort was also decisive: The U-boat menace more or less disappeared from the region in late 1943, thanks to their work building up the US military operation.

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This is a concise but sweeping account of the African past, its peoples, and their institutions. The book attempts to provide an overview of African history without getting bogged down in details and data. This approach is very useful for general readers who seek to gain an understanding of the major trends and developments, and for teachers who plan to supplement this text with primary sources depending on the emphasis of the course.

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First to disembark were passengers traveling first class - businessmen, well-to-do families, students. In second class, where I was, there were the emigrants, most of us tabaqueros, or cigar workers... Thus writes Bernardo Vega in this collection of engaging and readable first-hand reminiscences about the mid-20th-century migration from Puerto Rico to the U.S. The documentary importance of these testimonies is evident, particularly in their capturing of the actual voyage from Puerto Rico and arrival in New York. Unlike more recent writings about the migration, where attention is riveted on the later process of settlement and intergenerational adjustment, the older narratives dwell on the psychological and existential trauma of arrival and first impressions. In this collection, the element of class difference within the migrating population stands out sharply. While in subsequent literature such issues become more intricate and representation of the social classes more oblique, these early texts show that it was a divided arrival. For despite the structural uniformity and overwhelmingly working-class composition of the immigration, Puerto Ricans came to New York with divergent interests and understandings depending on their class.

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This study of eunuchs guides readers as they travel through various lands and periods, familiarizing themselves with the duties and responsibilities, the unspeakable torments and the passions and joys of these individuals. Eunuchs were not simply ""bedchamber attendants"", as the Greek term suggests. Nor were they always slaves. They could just as well be ascetics, priests, magicians, scholars, physicians, military commanders, admirals or senior officials at the courts of both eastern and western rulers. In the Byzantine empire, the only office they were precluded from attaining was that of emperor. The rich and varied forms of religious, social and sexual life associated with eunuchs and castrati embrace a wealth of myths relating to gods and demons, initiation rites, rituals and magic. They touch on the history of law and medicine, various systems of government, and secret societies. And they are presented to us in terms of the cruellest punishments and tortures. On the one hand, they facilitated unique developments in the evolution of vocal music, and on the other, they gave rise to a multiplicity of human behavioural patterns that reflect every aspect of good and evil. Readers should become acquainted with various forms of sexuality, such as androgyny, transvestism, transsexualism and homosexuality, and learn about the historical, religious and social issues associated with their characteristic ""life settings"". Whether out of a sense of shame or because of moral considerations, these phenomena appear only on the margins of the history of customs and mores.

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The vanquished Taino Indians, the Spanish conquistadors, rebellious slaves, common folk, foreign invaders, bloody dictators, gallant heroes, charismatic politicians, and committed rebels - all have left their distinct imprint on Dominican society and left behind printed records. Nevertheless, the five-hundred-year history of the people of the Dominican Republic has yet to be told through its documents. Although there has been a considerable production of documentary compilations in the Dominican Republic - particularly during the Trujillo era - few of these are known outside the country, and none has ever been translated into English. The Dominican People: A Documentary History bridges this gap by providing an annotated collection of documents related to the history of the Dominican Republic and its people. The compilation features annotated documents on some of the transcendental events that have taken place on the island since pre-Columbian times: the extermination of the Taino Indians, sugar and African slavery, the establishment of French Saint Dominique, independence from Haiti and from Spain, caudillo politics, U.S. interventionism, the Trujillo dictatorship, and contemporary politics.

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The contemporaries of Hildegard of Bingen called her ""prophetissa teutonica"", honouring her philosophical writings and interpretation of the cosmos. Mediaevalists still consider her one of the leading mystics, and point to her active spiritual and artistic life in the 12th century as the finest example of what a woman can achieve. The abbess Hildegard of Bingen was the first composer to sign her musical works. As a playwright and author, she witnessed and shaped the time of the Crusades, the literary minnesang, and political and theological debate. The author of this text draws a complex picture of her life and work, as he ""translates"" Hildegard's ideas and her mysterious world of symbols from mediaeval Latin into contemporary concepts. Heinrich Schipperges delineates this remarkable thinker's view of the human being as a microcosm of the universe, intricately bound by the senses to the life of the soul, nature, and God.

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A history of Lamu, once an important East African port city, now an unspoiled tourist destination. It covers the impact of slavery and the slave trade, the introduction of British colonial rule, health issues, agricultural practices, religious and ceremonial practices, family life, and more.

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This book examines the social aspects of Bahamian society between the early 19th and mid-20th centuries, advancing our knowledge of Bahamian history and helping to locate the Bahamas within the regional and historical context of the West Indies. It shows how, despite the absence of sugar and a commercial rather than agricultural economy, the Bahamas' social development bears great similarities to other countries of the Caribbean in terms of the extreme poverty experienced, the oppressive socioeconomic conditions and acute racial and social divisions that developed in the post-emancipation era. The first part of the book details life and culture within the black community and includes chapters on the colored middle class in the late 19th to mid-20th century, the role of women and aspects of African-Bahamian cultures during the same time. The middle section underscores the effects of Prohibition, including blockade running and alcohol tourism, and the impact of traditional tourism on Bahamian society. The final part of the book covers the historical events that arose out of the growing dissatisfaction among blacks with respect to racism and political and economic marginalization, including the riot of 1937 and the strikes of 1942 and 1958.

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