Search results for ""Author Tobias Nicklas""

Tobias Nicklas mit einem neuen Kommentar zum Zweiten Thessalonicherbrief!

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Unter den christlichen Apokryphen, die in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten das Interesse der Forschung zum frühen Christentum weckten, spielt das am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts entdeckte Evangelium nach Petrus eine herausragende Rolle. Der Text wurde häufig vor allem wegen seines angeblichen Doketismus und seines Antijudaismus in den Blick genommen, oft wurde auch die These vertreten, er enthalte eine sehr frühe Quelle zur Passion Jesu. Demgegenüber nehmen die hier gesammelten Beiträge von Tobias Nicklas eine andere Perspektive auf das Petrusevangelium ein: Sie diskutieren zum Beispiel bisher kaum berücksichtigte Textzeugen des Petrusevangeliums, entwickeln ein neues Paradigma zur Beschreibung seines Verhältnisses zu den kanonischen Evangelien, vergleichen seine Christologie mit derjenigen antiker Märtyrertexte und bieten differenzierte Überlegungen zu seiner Darstellung von Juden.

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Von den altesten Quellen der christlichen Antike an wird dem Matthausevangelium vor allen anderen biblischen Schriften eine besondere Wertschatzung zuteil. Diese zeigt sich nicht zuletzt an der grossen Fulle der auf uns gekommenen Kommentare und Homilien zu dieser Schrift. Der vorliegende Band versucht, die Hauptlinien der patristischen Exegese zu den in Mt 19-21 uberlieferten Perikopen aufzuzeigen. Dabei werden die patristischen Texte hinsichtlich ihrer methodischen und hermeneutischen Grundlagen erschlossen und mit Bezug auf ihre literarischen, kontextuellen und intentionalen Eigenarten vorgestellt, so dass das spezifische Profil der patristischen Schriftauslegung zum Vorschein kommt.

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When exactly did the "Parting of the Ways" between Jews and Christians take place? Was it already Jesus who separated himself and his followers from "the Jews?" Or did Paul make the decisive step with his mission of pagans? Or do we have to wait longer - until after 70 CE, when the Jerusalem Temple was destroyed, and different Jewish groups had to define their identities anew? Is the overall question perhaps formulated inadequately? In his new book, which goes back to the 2013 Deichmann lectures at Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Tobias Nicklas shows that at least for the second and third centuries CE the overall idea of a parting of the ways between Jews and Christians is a misconception. Instead, one has to distinguish between the situations of different groups at different places and in different historical circumstances. Even concrete individuals could behave differently in different contexts of their lives. That's why, now, much more dynamic images have to be found to describe ancient realities more adequately. Focussing on so-called "Christian" perspectives on the matter, Nicklas discusses images of "Jews" in early Christian writings, concepts of God and his Covenant with Israel, problems of "Christological" and "Ecclesiological" hermeneutics of Israel's Scriptures, and, finally, the questions how different "Christian" groups treated matters of Halakha for believers in Christ.

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Welche Rolle hat der Erste Petrusbrief im antiken Christentum gespielt? Wie und in welchen Kontexten wurden seine einzelnen Verse rezipiert? Solche Fragen beantwortet der vorliegende Band.Der Erste Petrusbrief nimmt in der Patristik eine fÃ"hrende Stellung unter den so genannten Katholischen Briefen ein. Schon Irenäus und Tertullian zählen ihn zu den offiziellen kirchlichen Schriften. Klemens von Alexandrien und Didymus der Blinde widmen ihm Kommentare. Allerdings ist die Ãberlieferung in Kommentarform zum Ersten Petrusbrief spärlich, so dass das Gros der patristischen Auslegungen aus verstreuten Rezeptionen in der Ã"brigen antiken christlichen Literatur zusammengetragen werden muss.Andreas Merkt stellt Vers fÃ"r Vers diese Rezeptionen in ihren jeweiligen Kontexten dar. Es wird damit erstmals ein umfassender historisch-kritischer Kommentar der Rezeptionen des Ersten Petrusbriefes in der antiken christlichen Literatur geboten.

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Es gilt mittlerweile, gerade auch im Bereich der antiken und spätantiken Religionsgeschichte, als akademische Binsenweisheit, dass Grenzziehungen, die das Eigene eingrenzen und vom Anderen abgrenzen, einen zentralen Faktor religiöser Identitätskonstruktionen bilden. In diesem Zusammenhang wird allerdings kaum über die Bedeutung von Grenzüberschreitungen reflektiert, obwohl zahlreiche jüngere Publikationen zum frühen und spätantiken Christentum den Fokus auf Phänomene der Transgressivität (Gender, Körper, Jenseitsreisen usw.) legen. Dieser Sammelband verbindet nun beide Diskurse (zu religiöser Identität und zu Transgressivität), indem er anhand zahlreicher Beispiele der Frage nachgeht: Welche Rolle haben in den ersten Jahrhunderten Grenzüberschreitungen für die religiöse Identitätsbildung christlicher Gruppierungen und Individuen gespielt?

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Reports of the miraculous abound in early Christian literature, in early Jewish texts and in the works of various Greco-Roman authors. In this collection of essays, largely the product of a symposium held at the University of Regensburg in June 2011, scholars specializing in a wide range of areas involving the ancient Mediterranean explore the representation of miracles in ancient literature. The central questions addressed include the following: How do ancient authors express their attitude toward the miracles they report? What value do they place in miraculous accounts? Which literary techniques do authors use to indicate whether or not they take a particular miraculous occurrence as true? How do they qualify, cast doubt on, or deny the validity of a report? Against this backdrop, a further question comes to the fore: What are the relationships between the multiple literary genres and religious contexts within which miraculous stories are told? These questions are raised and variously answered in essays treating the Hebrew Bible, New Testament, rabbinic sources, Christian apocrypha, martyrdom stories, and the works of Greek and Roman authors, including Galen and Lucian of Samosata. The contribution of this volume lies in the juxtaposition of various perspectives: Jewish, Christian and pagan authors are all brought into play; texts in which accounts of miracles are narrated are discussed alongside texts in which authors reflect on such accounts - either positively or negatively.

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While the so-called New perspective in Paul has been in the focus of New Testament exegesis for more than 25 years now, ancient interpretations of Pauline texts and ideas have been neglected widely. The present volume aims to fill this gap. Its articles concentrate on three different foci of modern exegesis: interpretations of Pauls conversion, his ideas about the relation of grace and works and the fate of Israel. Several additional articles contrast these ancient perspectives with answers of modern exegesis.

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The Apocalypse of John belongs to the most puzzling texts of the New Testament. Historical-critical exegesis has been stressing that the book above all wishes to give a message of hope and comfort for a community under threat. Yet readers have also always been impressed and terrified by the many images of violence, including war, destruction, persecution and martyrdom, and the appearance of the devil and his demons. This book does not allow its readers to remain neutral.The present volume offers the proceedings of a conference that was held in Leuven, Belgium, in September 2009 and was organised by the general editors of the Novum Testamentum Patristicum. The conference focused on how early Christian and Patristic authors have coped with all these many passages that deal with various sorts of violence. The volume contains essays on most of the important commentators, Origen, Tyconius, Lactance, Victorin of Pettau, and those of a somewhat later age, Andreas of Caesarea, Oecumenius, and Bede, but also looks at the reception history on a larger scale. It also deals with issues of method in reading the Book of Revelation, with important themes (the 1000-year reign), the Jewish background of some of these motifs, and the reception of Patristic thought in the most important medieval commentator of the book, Joachim of Fiore.

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Recent scholarship on the history of the biblical canons has increasingly recognised that the Jewish and Christian Bibles were not formed independently of each other but amid controversial debate and competition. But what does it mean that the formation of the Christian Bible cannot be separated from the developments that led to the Jewish Bible? The articles in this collection start with the assumption that the authorization of writings had already begun in Israel and Judaism before the emergence of Christianity and was continued in the first centuries CE by Judaism and Christianity in their respective ways. They deal with a broad range of sources, such as writings which came to be part of the Hebrew Bible, literature from Qumran, the Septuagint, or early Jewish apocalypses. At the same time they deal, for example, with structures of authorization related to New Testament writings, examine the role of authoritative texts in so-called Gnostic schools, and discuss the authority of late antique apocryphal literature.

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In very different ways the writings of the New Testament have shaped cultures until today. The Novum Testamentum Patristicum project will give a full documentation of ancient Christian receptions of the New Testament in late antiquity. This volume focuses on the different mainly narrative receptions of New Testament texts in ancient Christian apocryphal literature. While it has been accepted for a long time that apocryphal writings mainly wanted to fill the gaps of New Testament texts in more or less fantastic ways, the articles in this volume discover a rich and very different variety of re-writings, relectures, and receptions of New Testament texts, motifs and ideas.

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The Gospels continue to defy efforts to fix 'generic' boundaries for determining their meanings. This volume discloses new stirrings and sightings of broader, more heuristically promising literary, rhetorical, and cultural registers which intersect in ancient narrative. The contributors seek to build upon or vigorously critique current generic hypotheses (biography, history, tragedy); to introduce recent insights and developments in genre theory; to probe ancient reception of the Gospels as works of literature; and to illuminate the relations between the literary characteristics of the Gospels and methodological advances in narratology, social memory, intertextuality, and performance.

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From its very beginning, Christianity was an innovative movement which had to construct and maintain its identity, morality, and social as well as theological boundary markers as it developed from a religion of conversion into a religion of tradition. Early Christianity's sensitivity to "outsiders" evolved in various ways as circumstances and socio-cultural contexts changed. In this volume scholars from around the world reflect on the dynamic relationship between mission and ethos in the New Testament and Early Christianity, focusing particularly on the sensitivity, or lack thereof, to outsiders, and thereby offering new insights into old questions. Most of the New Testament and several second century books are individually studied by specialists in the field making this book a valuable reference volume on the topic. Contributors:Andries G. van Aarde, Jonathan Draper, John Dunne, Ernest van Eck, Paul Foster, Erhard Gerstenberger, Christopher M. Hays, Dirk J. Human, Stephan Joubert, Jacobus (Kobus) Kok, Andreas Köstenberger, Abraham Malherbe, Johann Meylahn, David Moffitt, Candida Moss, Tobias Nicklas, Nelus Niemandt, Heike Omerzu, Bert-Jan Lietaert Peerbolte, Jeremy Punt, Volker Rabens, Dieter Roth, Christopher Rowland, Herbert Schlögel, Gert Steyn, Andrie du Toit, Chris L. De Wet, Ruben Zimmermann

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Passion und Auferstehung Jesu von Nazaret gehören zu den entscheidenden Grunddaten des christlichen Glaubens. Die ältesten Zeugnisse dafür finden sich bekanntlich im Neuen Testament. Wie bedeutsam sie aber für Christen verschiedenster Richtungen und Prägungen waren, zeigt sich auch darin, dass sie auch später in unterschiedlichsten historischen Kontexten neu erzählt und ausgelegt wurden. Der vorliegende Band bietet beispielhaft Einblick in die wichtigsten Richtungen der Entwicklung von Texten, Motiven, Vorstellungen und Ideen im Zusammenhang mit Passion und Auferstehung Jesu von Nazaret in verschiedenen Gruppen und Richtungen des antiken Christentums. Untersucht werden dabei Auslegungen des Neuen Testaments bei bedeutenden Autoren der Alten Kirche, wichtige apokryphe Texte, aber auch bisher wenig beachtete ikonographische Zeugnisse.

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Der zweite Petrusbrief wurde und wird häufig als randständiger Text innerhalb des später kanonisch gewordenen Schrifttums wahrgenommen, der nicht so recht in das Gesamt des Neuen Testaments zu passen scheint. Deshalb überprüfen die hier versammelten Beiträge einerseits, ob und inwiefern dieser späte und pseudepigraphe Text mit anderen neutestamentlichen Schriften in Beziehung steht, und andererseits, wodurch sich das ganz spezielle literarische und theologische Profil des 2 Petr im Rahmen der frühchristlichen Literatur auszeichnet. Das thematische Spektrum umfasst dabei intertextuelle und traditionsgeschichtliche Verknüpfungen, kanon- und inspirationstheologische Fragen, die "New Perspective on Second Peter", Analysen des Figureninventars sowie die Präsenz des 2 Petr in frühneuzeitlichen hebräischen Übersetzungen des Neuen Testaments. Auf diese Weise lädt dieser Band dazu ein, in Zukunft noch stärker Anregendes und Irritierendes an diesem Text zu entdecken und in der kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit ihm zu würdigen.

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This volume grew out of an international conference on Prophetism in the Old and New Testament (October 2006), organised by the Centre for Biblical Studies of the Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca. The volume contains fourteen essays covering various aspects of prophetism and prophetic literature in Jewish and early Christian tradition, using a variety of methods and approaches. Special attention was given to the figures of Samuel (W. Dietrich, J. Klein) and Isaiah (B. Doyle), the development of prophetism in the early church (U. Luz), Paul as a prophet (T. Nicklas) and prophets in deutero-Pauline literature (H. Klein), the reception of prophetic traditions in the synoptic gospels (P. Foster, K. Zamfir, J. Verheyden) and in the Johannine literature (U. von Wahlde, B. Kowalski, S. Martian), the Apostolic Fathers (C.N. Jefford) and the Sybilline Oracles (R. Buitenwerf).

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The present volume contains the proceedings of an international colloquium that dealt with heavily fragmented texts and hypothetical sources, and the "shadowy" characters and movements they feature. These two aspects are combined and studied to ascertain how they have been handled in the history of research, to find out what they reveal about the community or the group expressing itself through (or hiding behind) them, and to establish the role these documents and figures or groups should be given in reconstructing an overall picture of developments in the theology and religious life of early Christianity. As can be imagined, such documents and sources have sometimes been taken as an open invitation to come up with all sorts of highly creative exegesis, adventurous reconstructions of texts and movements, and quite daring suggestions about identifying particular groups or presumed literary influences between documents. The essays contribute to the writing of a critical history of researching these types of documents and movements.

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The New Testament writings do not offer systematic Christology in the usual sense. In a certain way, however, they present more than just one systematic Christology and tell stories about and develop images of Jesus Christ. This is implicitly the case in texts like Paul's letters or the Book of Revelation. The present volume presents contributions dealing with Christ Stories in various New Testament and some non-canonical Christian texts, and others which raise the question of whether it is possible to describe (from a distinctly Christian perspective) Christ Stories present in Old Testament writings such as Isaiah or the Psalms. Contributions written from the perspective of Orthodox scholars are to be read in dialogue with the articles from Western authors - and vice versa. The book honors two important exegetes, Bishop Dr. Irinej Bulović and Prof. Dr. Ulrich Luz.

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What are the roles of doubt and scepticism in the religious landscape of the ancient Mediterranean? How is doubt expressed within a specific religious community, and what reactions does it provoke? How does "insider doubt" differ from the sceptical attitude of outsiders? Exploring these questions with respect to a wide range of religious contexts and topics (including early Christianity, Greco-Roman religions, Egyptian religions, astrology, and magic), the essays in this volume confirm the thesis that doubting one's own religious tradition is not simply a "Western" post-Enlightenment phenomenon. On the contrary, ancient religions offered opportunities and contexts wherein aspects of doubt are not just tolerated but accepted; moreover, doubt and scepticism concerning certain religious ideas or aspects of belief also motivated creative reinterpretation of those ideas.

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