Search results for ""Author Jerome O. Nriagu""

An element in the earth's crust, an additive in livestock feed. a medicine in early civilization--and the "toxin of toxins" A pervasive part of our natural environment and everyday lives. arsenic has nonetheless earned a niche in history as a substance of diabolical suppleness. Part II of the first comprehensive and up-to-date two-volume study of arsenic, Arsenic in the Environment is a self-contained work that examines arsenic's complex and potentially deadly chemistry, stressing its effect on human health and the surrounding ecosystem. Examining new and unexplored aspects of the toxin, Part II features original research from some of the world's foremost scientists on: Health effects of environmental arsenic Toxicity and metabolism of inorganic and methylated arsenicals Effects of arsenic on DNA synthesis of human lymphocytes Estimation of human exposure to and uptake of arsenic found in drinking water Arsenic hazards to plants and animals Offering a host of subjects of particular interest to toxicologists, medical researchers, public health officials, and industrial hygienists, Part II of Arsenic in the Environment is an indispensable reference that sheds new light on arsenic's unique chemistry as well as its health and environmental effects.

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Up-to-date coverage of vanadium research--in two accessible,self-contained volumes Vanadium in the Environment brings togetherthe contributions of leading experts on the chemical andtoxicological aspects of vanadium exposure and its effects onaquatic and terrestrial environments, human health, and wildlife.This initial volume focuses on chemistry and biochemistry, whilePart Two concentrates on health effects and toxicology in livingorganisms. Topics in this first volume include: * History, occurrence, and uses of vanadium * Vanadium in the atmosphere * Chemistry of relevance to vanadium in the environment * Water quality criteria for vanadium * Spectroscopic methods for the characterization of vanadiumcomplexes * Bioaccumulation and transfer of vanadium in marineorganisms * Structure, function, and models of biogenic vanadiumcompounds * Catalytic effects of vanadium on phosphoryl transferenzymes * Bioactivity of vanadium compounds on cells in culture

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A comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of one of the deadliest toxins and its impact on ecological and human health. Part one contains a thorough treatment of the chemical nature of arsenic, its environmental behavior and its measurement through contemporary analytical methods. Part two deals with the latest findings from a wide range of international research groups into the repercussions of arsenic exposures on human health and the ecosystem.

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Focuses not only on various methods of sampling and analyzing gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere but also emphasizes an understanding of the chemical and physical processes that occur. Evaluates current measurement methods; reports on the results of recent research; and surveys the challenges that lie ahead. Of particular interest is an expert overview of the sources, occurrences and characteristics of volatile organic compounds in indoor environments--a growing public health concern.

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Up-to-date coverage of vanadium research--in two accessible, self-contained volumes Vanadium in the Environment brings together the contributions of leading experts on the chemical and toxicological aspects of vanadium exposure and its effects on aquatic and terrestrial environments, human health, and wildlife. This second volume focuses on health effects and toxicology in living organisms, while Part One concentrates on chemistry and biochemistry. Topics in this second volume include: Health effects of environmental exposure to vanadium toxicology of vanadium in mammals Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of vanadium Baseline vanadium levels and exposure tests in humans Vanadium and metabolic problems Vanadium and its significance in animal cell metabolism Hematological effects of vanadium in living organisms Genetic toxicology of vanadium compounds Vanadium and the cardiovascular system: regulatory effects and toxicity Oxidative stress and pro-oxidant biological effects of vanadium Endocrine control of vanadium accumulation Vanadium detoxification Vanadium as a new tool for cancer prevention

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A comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of one of the deadliest toxins and its impact on ecological and human health. Part one contains a thorough treatment of the chemical nature of arsenic, its environmental behavior and its measurement through contemporary analytical methods. Part two deals with the latest findings from a wide range of international research groups into the repercussions of arsenic exposures on human health and the ecosystem.

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Recent studies have raised concerns about the health effects of dietary exposure to trace elements. An estimated 40 percent of the world's population suffers from developmental and metabolic functional disorders due to trace element deficiencies. Conversely, there is an established link between excess intake of mineral components and diseases of the endocrine, kidney, liver, cardiovascular, and skeletal system. It has become crucial that food chemists understand the origin, function, bioavailability, and interactions of mineral components in food.Mineral Components in Foods presents the state of knowledge on the distribution, speciation, and interaction of mineral components and contaminants inherent in different raw materials and products, as well as acquired during processing, packaging, and handling. With contributions written by some of the foremost food researchers in the world, this book considers the analysis of mineral components in food, the recent advancements in analytical techniques including statistical multivariate approaches to confirm authenticity based on mineral composition, and the quality control practices that ensure consistent and accurate data. The functional role of a number of minerals is addressed along with the effects of their deficiency or excess on the body, their interactions with other minerals, and their changes during storage and processing. Specifically, the authors examine mineral distribution in certain animal and plant products including confections, honey, wine and beer. A considerable portion of the book is devoted to the contamination of foods and food supplements by metals, metalloids and radionuclides, from packaging containers as well as a variety of environmental pathways.With numerous tables and figures clearly expressing a wealth of detailed data, Mineral Components in Foods provides food chemists, quality control professionals, nutritionists, and students in these fields with an invaluable resource to t

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Provides a comprehensive chemical and biochemical treatment on the effects of chromium in the environment and in man. Such an integrated treatment of the chemical and biochemical aspects of chromium is novel and has not appeared in the published literature. Reviews the information on global cycling and environmental occurrence of chromium compounds, which defines the extent of the environmental and toxicological concern. The treatment of chromium chemistry provides the basis for toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Chapters contain graphical representations of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type, and a tabular summary of all published epidemiological data, broken down according to industry. Also covers clinical patterns, prognosis, pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and environmental and biological monitoring.

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Chromium in the Natural and Human Environments Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and Evert Nieboer "Essential reading for researchers and students of environmental and occupational health effects of metals." --The Science of the Total Environment Representing the most comprehensive coverage to date on the uses of chromium, its sources (both natural and anthropogenic), and occurrence in the air, water, and soil, this timely volume addresses the growing concern about chromium's ultimate effect on the environment. The toxicity of chromium to terrestrial and aquatic biota is examined in relation to its chemistry and biochemistry, with discussion of toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Features include graphical representation of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type. 1988 (0 471-85643-6) 571 pp. Cadmium in the Aquatic Environment Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and John B. Sprague "This book contains a wealth of information useful to many different types of scientists." --Journal of the American Chemical Society Considered a priority natural water contaminant, cadmium has, like other toxic metals, been closely monitored. Featuring the latest research of some of the world's leading environmental specialists, this important text is a comprehensive look at the sources, distribution, and fate of cadmium in aquatic ecosystems, as well as the biocycling and ecotoxicity of cadmium in natural waters. The book's topical breadth also includes cadmium associations in freshwater and marine sediments, the latest techniques used for cadmium detection, and the scientific rationale needed to establish water quality criteria and standards for the presence of cadmium. 1987 (0 471-85884-6)272pp. Food Contamination From Environmental Sources Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and Milagros S. Simmons "The quality of the writing is uniformly high.the book will serve as a valuable reference to graduate-level readers in food science, public health, and toxicology, as well as to environmental biologists and chemists." --Choice The exposure of all levels of the human food chain to environmental contaminants has transformed the human body into a biomonitor of environmental pollutants. This international collection of 22 studies from leading researchers examines every facet of the problem. The book's far-ranging and detailed coverage includes the detection, sources, distribution, speciation, and bioavailability of environmental contaminants and their metabolites in various food products, as well as the toxicological and health significance of the observed contaminant levels in foods. 1990 (0 471-50891-8) 785 pp.

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Presents a comprehensive account of current research on the chemistry and toxicology of cadmium in natural waters. Discusses the sources, distribution, and fate of cadmium in aquatic ecosystems, including coverage of the biocycling and exotoxicity of cadmium to materia and fresh water biota. A succinct review of the analytical chemistry of cadmium in natural waters is also included. The contributors emphasize general principles rather than comprehensive documentation, making this volume accessible to a wide audience. The technical information helps provide the scientific rationale needed in the continuing effort to establish water quality criteria and standards for cadmium.

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The chemical enigma that is both a pollutant and anantipollutant--and environmental science's newest causecelebre.oxidants Responsible for chemical reactions both harmfuland benign, oxidants represent the sort of chemical puzzle thathave scientists both concerned and fascinated. Implicated in deadlysmog episodes and arteriosclerosis, oxidants have also played amajor role in treating polluted waters and in certain anticancerdrugs. A broad-based, up-to-date examination of the environmentalchemistry and toxicology of oxidants, Environmental Oxidants is acompendium of the latest research being done in the field. Bringingtogether the work of noted researches, the book contains a detailedlook at: * Evolution, production, distribution, and fate of oxidants in theatmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere * Influence of human activities on oxidative processes in theatmosphere * Oxidative stress at the cellular, systemic, and ecosystemlevels * Use of oxidants in wastewater treatment processes A selective and incisive look at the current state of research onoxidants, Environmental Oxidants provides environmental scientistsand engineers with an informative, detailed discussion of just howand why oxidants have emerged as a key issue in human health andenvironmental integrity.

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Surveys the state-of-the-art in the toxicology of important aquatic pollutants. Evaluates new concepts, methods, and data, and provides an overview of key research results. Topics covered range from the principles of aquatic toxicology and the development of water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic resources, to the environmental effects of monitoring and future trends in water quality management. Emphasized is the importance of the linkages between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to practical and effective environmental effects assessment.

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