Search results for ""Author Andres Costa""

Volume 39 first presents a study wherein the gravitational noise of the brain at different ages within the same family was studied by gravitational mass spectroscopy. The authors explore the resources for community integration for individuals that have acquired a traumatic brain injury, highlighting areas that need further investigation. In a subsequent study, the gravitational mass spectroscopy method was used for the fast diagnosis of human brain states at long-range order. Various routes for ischaemic stroke management are also discussed, including hyper acute management, acute management and long-term management. Continuing, the newer technologies and approaches currently being applied in the field of neurosurgery are reviewed. The authors summarize the reported cases and observational studies regarding nonconvulsive status epilepticus in neurosurgical subspecialties of emergency and perioperative care, cerebrovascular diseases, neurotrauma, brain tumor, and stereotactic and functional neurosurgery. The associations between different brain inflammatory mediators and epileptogenesis are explored in an effort to affirm the idea that targeting the inflammatory pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat epilepsy. The major issue in glycemic control in neurocritical care patients is addressed: tight glycemic control using intensive insulin therapy is associated with higher rates of hypoglycemia without an improvement in survival rate. On these bases, adequate nutrition before and during insulin infusion is recommended. This compilation goes on to discuss evoked potentials, electrical responses of the brain to light, sound, or electrical stimuli. Depending on the type of stimulus, they emerge as visual, auditory, or somatosensorial evoked potentials.

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Physiotherapy and rehabilitation applications in neurological diseases are important for the treatment of the disease. The basic principle of physiotherapy and rehabilitation is to determine the needs of the patient. As such, the authors discuss the evaluation of the motor functions of neurological diseases for upper and lower extremities separately, as well as sensorial functions and cognitive functions. Next, a literature review draws attention to studies in which sex was a controlled variable, and presents data regarding sexual dimorphism in a range of aspects developed after brain injury. It is possible to document the accomplishments of different cell death mechanisms and varying degrees of inflammatory response depending on the sex, as well as the distinct susceptibilities of the sexes in terms of mechanisms of cell damage. Additionally, summary of techniques and indications related to cerebrovascular bypass surgery for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage cases is provided, maintaining that cerebral revascularization procedures should be further developed by neurosurgeons as they remain the only option of treatment for a significant number of patients. The authors review their extensive experience with indocyanine green video-angiography and FLOW 800 analysis software during the surgical removal of central nervous system tumors; in particular, they identified 5 possible applications of indocyanine green video-angiography and FLOW 800 in this field. Data is presented showing the reciprocity between the brain angiotensin II system and amphetamine exposure in the development and expression of behavioral, neurochemical and glial alterations. Particularly, this collection explores how the neuroadaptative responses and neuroinflammation evoked by the psychostimulant and depending on AT1 receptors that might resemble some features linked to different brain disorders. Lastly, a brief overview of the investigational history in research work on receptor/G-protein coupling is presented. Subsequently, the most recent experimental results in the re-establishment of [35S]GTPyS binding/immunoprecipitation assay are described.

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This book contains twelve chapters describing recent advancements in neuroscience research. Chapter One summarizes the role of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the health and disease of dogs. Chapter Two discusses the neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin. Chapter Three focuses on the development of several mesencephalic areas using tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry and tritiated thymidine autoradiography. Chapter Four presents a study of the cerebellum of different age members of the same family using gravitational mass spectroscopy. Chapter Five explores how the conformations of nucleosomes and their states in the spirals of solenoids are responsible for the processes of short-term and long-term memory as well as other brain functions. Chapter Six deals with cognitive decline and depression associated with severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Chapter Seven describes the surgical technique of extensive craniofacial reconstruction for unilateral anterior plagiocephaly treatment. Chapter Eight gives a model of the molecular cause of pain based on a study of human fingers conducted via gravitational mass spectroscopy. Chapter Nine deals with the role of globules in the work of the brain and the dynamics of their conformations. Chapter Ten explains how chromosome topology is formed in vivo. Chapter Eleven explores the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury and residual cognitive impairment. Finally, Chapter Twelve examines stochastic resonance in the context of human sensory systems.

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The opening chapter of Horizons in Neuroscience Research. Volume 37 suggests a definition and temporal origin of languages that emerge naturally-without linguistic assumptions or preconceptions-from an analytic and predictive theory of mental evolution. A significant number of Alzheimer's disease patients present with low circulating plasma leptin levels. As such, studies expressed in the following chapter have shown that leptin treatment reduces amyloid and phosphorylated tau accumulation in cultured cells and animal models, with beneficial effects. A systematic review of the structure and function of the cerebellum in normal brain and surveys the distribution of the pathology in a major molecular group of neurodegenerative disease is presented, inclduing Alzheimer's disease, argyrophilic grain disease, corticobasal degeneration, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, guam parkinsonian dementia complex, primary age-related tauopathy, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The application of Fourier analysis is illustrated with reference to the spatial distribution of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of six cases of Alzheimer's disease, and it is suggested as a useful statistical method for studying the patterns of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Additionally, the structure and function of the basal ganglia in normal brain are described, and the role that differential pathology in these regions may have in determining the clinical symptoms in neurodegenerative disease is explored. The authors describe the structure and function of the superior colliculus in the normal brain, as well as the pathological changes in the superior colliculus which may explain eye movement problems in two neurodegenerative disorders: progressive supranuclear palsy and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The results obtained in the penultimate chapter corroborate the toxic effects at cellular and molecular levels that the administration of L-DOPA has, even in a healthy system, affirming the need to find a Parkinson disease treatment alternative. The final study investigates the relationship between the number of flow experiences in daily life and brain activation by near-infrared spectroscopy.

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In this compilation, the authors review current literature concerning the identification and neuro-imaging of children with cerebral visual impairment, describing their clinical and rehabilitative management while recognizing the role of adaptive neuroplasticity in their visual development. The data published to date on the chemical and functional neuroanatomy of the adult human brainstem obtained through the application of different techniques, from histochemical staining to modern imaging techniques, is compiled. The involvement of acetylcholine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, GAP-43, glutamate, hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha, microtubule-associated protein 2, nestin, neurofilament, noradrenaline, serotonin, somatostatin, substance P and vitamin C in the development of the human brainstem is discussed. The authors also discuss sirtuins, a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein deacetylases that play a regulatory role in multiple pathways such as mitochondrial energetics, cell-cycle regulation, oxidative stress resistance, inflammation, and insulin secretion. The subsequent study examines how distractibility during the learning process is related to a history of traumatic brain injury, utilizing a 2x2 between subjects factorial ANOVA. In closing, the gravitational mass spectroscopy method is used to study the process of HSV-I herpes virus attack on the affected area of the human brain in vivo. The mechanism of ring attack by CccDNA plasmid cytolinker MACF1 is proposed.

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