Search results for ""edward elgar""

Persistent Disparity provides a comprehensive examination of the magnitude and scope of racial economic disparity in the United States. The authors directly assess the extent of black economic progress in the US since World War II and address the controversy of whether the racial income gap is closing or widening as America approaches the 21st century. Darity and Myers explicitly make the connection between what the theory of racial inequality espouses and corresponding policy recommendations for remedying such disparity such as affirmative action and reparations. The authors challenge the cultural-genetic explanation and advance a new theoretical explanation that incorporates a more expansive characterization of the nature and role of discrimination. They also conclude that conventional anti-discrimination efforts are unlikely to be sufficient to close the gap.This book will be essential reading for anyone interested in US social and economic history, political economy, African-American studies, and public policy.

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In the last two decades of the twentieth century evolutionary economics has become one of the most important and exciting developments in social science. It is associated with a huge theoretical, empirical and policy literature. Yet relatively little is known about the development of the foundations of evolutionary economics over the preceding 100 years. The gap is filled by this collection of essays by Thorstein Veblen, John Commons, John Maurice Clark, Alfred Marshall, John Atkinson Hobson, Joseph Schumpeter, Armen Alchian, Edith Penrose, Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, Friedrich Hayek among others. An original introduction by the editor places these contributions in their historical context.

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This important volume sheds new light on the ideas and policies of John Maynard Keynes. It presents nineteen contributions from an outstanding group of international economists who aim to understand Keynes as an economist whose work is still influential in both academic research and in more popular economic thought. Although it is over fifty years since John Maynard Keynes passed away, and over sixty years ago that The General Theory was published, his ideas and policies continue to exert an enormous influence on academic economics, as well as being used to solve economic problems faced in the world today, and no doubt, the years to come. The decline of interest in Keynes and his policies during the 1970s has been replaced in the late eighties and nineties by a revival in academic interest, as well as the use of his policy suggestions to solve current economic problems. Divided into five sections, this book considers not only Keynes's theoretical contributions, but also his policies for money management, unemployment, wages and prices, and global governance and the state. As distinct from most other available volumes, this book examines Keynes's thoughts and policies in the context of the current economic climate as well as from the perspective of future economic problems, and how to remedy them. This important book will be of interest to graduate students, research scholars and academics interested in macroeconomics, the history of economic thought, Keynesian and post Keynesian thought.

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This timely volume provides a second collection of Thomas Humphrey's papers in the area of the history of economic thought and is a long-awaited companion to his critically acclaimed first volume of essays Money, Banking and Inflation. Unlike the first volume, this book does not focus specifically on traditional central bank concerns but addresses key concepts, theories and tools in the area of money, exchange and production which have proved indispensable to the development of economics. Each essay focuses on a prominent theory or tool, examines its essential elements, identifies its origins and traces its development across a succession of economists, problems, controversies and applications. In this way, the book shows how the history of economic thought can be illustrated through the development of tools and concepts rather than through schools of thought and prominent individuals. This outstanding collection will be invaluable to historians of economic thought as well as to students and scholars of methodology, philosophy and monetary and financial economics.

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Judge Richard A. Posner's work on the economics of public law is a critical component of the interaction between the new law and economics movement and public choice theory. It exemplifies the parallel influence that these two important intellectual movements have had on the current understanding of legal institutions. Together with an insightful introduction by Francesco Parisi, this volume brings together his most important contributions on areas such as: the economics of constitutional law and legislation the economics of criminal law the economics of labour law and employment discrimination the economics of antitrust. The Economics of Public Law will be essential reading for economists, lawyers and judges alike.

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This innovative book presents new research on the increasingly important need to account for the use of resources, and the dispersion of waste materials. It considers resource accounting both at the process level and at the materials level, and in addition offers policy suggestions for waste and resource accounting.The book opens with an introduction to industrial metabolism and its various implications. It then goes on to examine resource accounting at the national and sectoral level, through the systematic application of the mass-balance principle to estimate materials losses at different stages of the production process. It then examines one cluster of industries (related to chlorine) in greater detail. At the process level the use of chemical process simulation software in the estimation of waste emissions is examined, specifically focusing on cases where emissions data is unavailable or unreliable. Finally it introduces, for the first time, a common single measure for evaluating and comparing process or sectoral resource and waste flows between time periods, between sectors and between regions and nations. This measure is known as exergy, and although not new in itself, it has never before been used systematically for these purposes. In conclusion the author summarizes the main problems of resource and waste accounting and offers some policy recommendations for the implementation of accounting for resources.Accounting for Resources, 1 will be welcomed by environmental managers and scientists, economists, practitioners and government policymakers.

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This important book offers a detailed and analytical reconstruction of the pioneering attempts of Walras and Pareto to coordinate money and general equilibrium theory. It argues that the very logic of the original static general equilibrium model excludes the integration of monetary and value theory.The book presents for the first time the entire Lausanne tradition from Walras to Pareto. Its detailed coverage of the main literature between 1870 and 1923 contributes to the understanding of a central issue in modern general equilibrium theory, that is, the impossibility of coordinating money and price theory with the logic of Walras's model based on the theory of exchange. It shows how money is prevented from playing its essential role as a social institution in allowing monetary exchanges between individuals. In particular, the discussion focuses on the static nature of Walras's pure economics and the simultaneous lack of a proper means of exchange. In conclusion it calls for some radical re-thinking on this theoretical construction on which much modern economic theory is based.Money and General Equilibrium Theory will be welcomed by historians of economic thought, microeconomists and general equilibrium and money theorists.

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Transport is a fundamental component of all modern economies. Transport Policy presents a wide ranging collection of previously published articles which aim to provide the reader with an understanding of the main elements of transport policy.Topics covered include: the objectives of transport policy, policy options, policy analysis and, through a series of case studies, policy implementation. This volume will be of particular interest to those academics and policymakers seeking an overview of the most important issues in the modern transport policy arena.

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The Political Economy of Modern Britain provides an original discussion of Britain's relative economic decline since World War Two and offers approaches to overcome this poor economic performance.Detailed and comprehensive, this book has three basic objectives. First, it describes the key political and economic decisions or events which have shaped Britain's economic performance in the post-war period. Secondly, the authors critically discuss the range of explanations which have been offered by those seeking to understand Britain's relative economic decline. Finally, it offers an alternative approach to improving Britain's economic performance known as 'the strategic alignment of national and corporate competitiveness'. In this approach the authors attempt to escape from the traditional left-right debate concerning the degree to which the state should replace the market in owning and controlling key sectors of the economy, and instead they focus on the state as a facilitator in the provision of assets required by firms competing in the international arena.This book will be welcomed by government and management striving to improve corporate and national competitiveness. Additionally academics and students interested in the fields of British politics, British political economy, British economic and social history, international political economy and European political economy will also find this a highly valuable source of information.

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Price Theory and its Applications is an authoritative collection of influential papers which illustrate with unusual force the uses and techniques of applied price theory. The collection includes articles by Nobel laureates as well as less well-known economists and covers North America, Europe, Australia, Africa and Asia. The articles selected display a variety of techniques from verbal exposition through geometric methods to sophisticated mathematical techniques such as optimal control theory and game theory. The first section of the book provides an insight into the diversity of market institutions. Some classic questions in market dynamics are addressed in section two, which is followed by a section on the rationale and consequences of government interventions. Various aspects of monopoly power are explored in the next three sections which cover cartels and monopolies, so-called 'natural monopoly' situations and monopolistically competitive markets. In conclusion a more light-hearted example is offered.

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The process of European integration is at a crossroads. As the Union becomes larger in terms of members, the institutional structures and decision making procedures will have to change in order for it to make policy initiatives. To meet these challenges, the Union will need an effective institutional and constitutional structure which must be both democratic and acceptable to its citizens.This major book evaluates recent developments, considers the present situation and assesses the prospects for the future of the European Union. A wide variety of institutional and constitutional issues are addressed, with special attention being paid to three main topics; decision making and including a critique of attempts to analyse European decision making using traditional power indices and a discussion of the different procedures laid down in the comitology decision; federal structures, with an analysis of the politics of European federalism among other issues; institutional change which compares the relative merits of enlarging or deepening the Union, suggesting a fifth freedom by a single European market for governments and discussing non-technical aspects of legislation in the European Union.Constitutional Law and Economics of the European Union will of interest to policymakers, academics and students of European economic and political affairs and institutional and constitutional structures.

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Restructuring Eastern Europe brings together a distinguished group of scholars and experts who discuss the transition process in Eastern Europe at the microeconomic level. The restructuring and privatization of enterprises has not kept pace with the macroeconomic success that has been achieved in some formerly centrally planned countries. The contributors discuss the ideological, institutional, socio-political and financial problems resulting from the transition process. New insights into complex microeconomic issues such as the dispersion of foreign direct investment, privatization and company management, entrepreneurship and supply-chain development are also discussed. Special attention is paid to the roles of corporate governance, technological integration, the role of environmental and regional policies and the reform of the banking system. This innovative book presents a comprehensive overview of the varying levels of success of the policies of different countries. It will prove invaluable to research scholars, postgraduate students and officials in government agencies concerned with restructuring the economies of Eastern Europe.

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This comprehensive two volume collection is designed to introduce the reader to the systems of innovation literature. This is the first time that one major reference collection brings together some of the best known and most provocative literature from a variety of different perspectives, such as national, sectoral and regional systems of innovation. Classics such as the seminal papers by Schumpeter and List as well as modern authors are included, and the collection focuses on issues of economic growth, competitiveness and employment. Systems of Innovation will be essential reading for researchers and practitioners and will be an invaluable source of reference for use in innovation courses at university level.

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Great Economists before Keynes is an extensive and much acclaimed guide providing authoritative intellectual biographies together with portraits of one hundred great economists of the past. This important book not only includes entries on familiar names, such as, Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Karl Marx and Leon Walras, but also includes descriptions of less well known yet equally important economists. Mark Blaug demonstrates that modern economics is an accumulated heritage of specific ideas of individual economists.Mark Blaug has brought his formidable powers to bear on the history of economics producing a companion that nobody interested in economics will want to be without. The reprint of this classic work will be an essential reference source for instructors, researchers and students of economics.

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Criminal Justice Policy is an authoritative collection of previously published writings addressing the most important issues which have dominated the field during the past fifteen years.Topics covered include: international perspectives on the extent and nature of crime; theoretical explanations for the onset, escalation and termination of criminal behaviour; the social context of crime; evaluating alternative crime policy options; crime control policy and the future.Criminal Justice Policy should be required reading for community leaders, for policymakers at all levels of government and for members of the general public actively interested in creating more effective crime policies.

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Paul Dale Bush has been an imaginative and important contributor to the neo-institutionalist economic literature in the United States for over three decades. This is the first of two volumes presenting a tribute to this highly influential scholar.The majority of Paul Dale Bush's recent scholarly writings have addressed the clarification and refinement of the pragmatic instrumentalist model of inquiry. This book first reviews Dale Bush's main contributions to academic life and to neo-institutional scholarship. Internationally recognized contributors - Phillip Anthony O'Hara, Erkki Kilpinen, Geoffrey M. Hodgson, Kurt Dopfer, Warren J. Samuels, Edythe S. Miller, Ann L. Jennings and William Waller - then provide a penetrating analysis of the Veblen-based neo-institutionalist theoretical approach to inquiry and its reflection in social value theory.This book will be of great interest to postgraduate students and scholars in the field of institutional economics, political economy, history of economic thought, methodology and social value theory.

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Throughout his long career as a professional scholar, Paul Dale Bush has been a cogent theorist, a model practitioner and an ardent defender of academic freedom and of democratic practices. Institutionalist Theory and Applications is the second of two volumes celebrating his career and his contribution to neo-institutional economics.This volume presents contributions by a distinguished group of institutionalist scholars: Edythe S. Miller, Philip A. Klein, James A. Cypher, F. Gregory Hayden, John Groenewegen, Peter Soderbaum, Charles M.A. Clark, Catherine Kavanagh and Janice Peterson. The book explores the interdependence of theory and policy and applies institutional theory to several problem areas of governance and performance.This book will be of great interest to postgraduate students and academics in the field of institutional economics, evolutionary economics, political economy, history of economic theory, methodology, social economics, social policy and social value theory.

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Advances in General Equilibrium Theory presents a new approach to the construction of general equilibrium models. It considers the methods that should be adapted and some of the principal subjects with which general equilibrium modelling should be concerned in order to convert it into a useful body of knowledge.The book examines from new perspectives the major questions that have concerned general equilibrium theorists during this century, including the characteristics of perfect competition and the existence, uniqueness and stability of economic equilibrium. The author develops the concept of models as functioning systems, identifies the differences between models and equation systems and discusses the implications of the differences between mathematical methods and economic determinacy. He demonstrates that the treatment of perfect competition has been deeply flawed, that modern general equilibrium models are not functioning systems, that many equation systems in the literature are not supported by underlying models, and that models which would justify these equations are either improbable or inconceivable. In conclusion, Professor Walker indicates how these perspectives can be used to develop a new general equilibrium model, and presents an outline of its content.Advances in General Equilibrium Theory will be of special interest to microeconomists and those interested in economic methodology and general equilibrium modelling.

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What skill-development strategies should developing countries adopt to compete successfully in the international markets of the 21st century? This innovative new book provides a blend of theory and case studies which shed new light on this important question. It approaches the question from two angles. It considers, first, how skill development affects a country's international competitiveness and, secondly, what a government should do to develop a country's skills. It concludes that development of skills is necessary for a country to make the transition from primary exports to manufactures and from labour-intensive to skill-intensive manufacturing. For this purpose, it is argued an education system that recognizes the return to improvements in quality, and a training system that internalizes externalities and prevents market failure are needed. Issues explored include: the arguments for an activist skill-development policy (with particular emphasis on education of girls and women); the transition from cheap labour to skill-based competitiveness; human resources and structural adjustment; and different approaches to training for countries and enterprises at different levels of technological development.Skill Development for International Competitiveness will be of interest to academics, students and researchers in the fields of development studies, development economics, the economics of education and training and labour economics. Policymakers and planners responsible for policies on human resource development and employment and overall development strategy will also find this a vital source of information.

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This major new book presents recent advances in the theory and practice of environmental valuation and resource management. Leading experts in the field present methodological and empirical evidence for applying valuation methods to ecological policy problems.The methodological contributions examine such themes as uncertainty, distributional conflict, positional analysis, weak comparability and the need for collective solutions to environmental problems. Case studies are incorporated to support these theoretical reflections. A number of empirical studies are used to demonstrate and evaluate valuation practices in a variety of institutional and policy settings. These range from international environmental issues such as climate change and transboundary atmospheric pollution, to species preservation and coastal ecosystem protection. The contributors conclude that effective approaches for the evaluation of environmental risks, degradation and benefits must be specifically designed as functions of institutional, social and ecological factors.Valuation and the Environment will be essential reading for students and scholars of environmental and ecological economics, environmental management and regulation, resource management and public policy.

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A large and growing academic literature seeks to analyse the key aspects of the International Monetary Fund's operations from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. This two-volume set draws together what are generally acknowledged to be the most important contributions. In the main it focuses on the economics of the IMF but also reflects the fact that a full understanding of the Fund will only be achieved if its political dimensions are also addressed. The collected articles demonstrate the way in which research on the IMF has evolved over time. They cover the role of the IMF, the determinants of IMF lending, conditionality and the implementation and effects of IMF programs, the prolonged use of IMF resources as well as the IMF's own reserve asset, the Special Drawing Right. No serious student of the IMF will want to be without this up-to-date and comprehensive collection.

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Featuring real world examples of how risk information affects public choices, The Economics of Environmental Risk expertly demonstrates that policymakers need to consider how people learn about those risks. Offering insights into examples such as hazardous waste, radon, smoking, hurricanes and terrorist threats over the past four decades, this intuitive book illustrates environmental risks and the choices made to mitigate the potential effects.Providing a deep dive into how public policies and information affect private choices, this book highlights the successes and failings of these choices, recognising how decisions made can have an influence on the hazards that are faced. It also focuses on important lessons to be learnt by officials providing information on risk and designing policies for managing them. Further consideration is also given to how experts understand these risks and how the public interprets the information provided.Scholars and students of public policy, risk analysis and environmental and resource economics will value the useful examples found in this informative volume. Policymakers in risk and insurance, and risk management programs will also find this an instructive guide on the ever-changing environmental risks we face.

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The rapid influx of women into the labour market has come to be recognised as one of the most important economic and social developments of the latter half of the 20th century. Women in the Labor Market is an authoritative collection of those papers which have made the greatest contribution to our understanding of this development and its causes. The emphasis is on empirical work which has served either to support or undermine the theoretical foundations of this field, but also included are papers by sociologists who provide insights on economic issues not found in the work of economists.The opening section explores the causes of women's participation in the labour market. The following section investigates the nature of the work in which women are involved and the explanations for this occupational distribution. The question of earnings differentials between male and female occupations and the trends and explanations for this gender wage gap are addressed in the third section, while the penultimate section offers an exploration of the policies which have been proposed in order to improve the status of women in the labour market. In conclusion, the impact of women's work on their lives and families is evaluated.

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The Economics of Environmental Degradation provides an institutional economics approach to analyse the underlying causes of continuing environmental degradation: poverty, population, poor policies and trade.After a critical, up-to-date survey of the most recent literature, the authors consider whether there is some common or deeper explanation of environmental degradation. They conclude that a problem results whenever human exploitation of the environment outruns the capacity of human institutions to adapt and to evolve methods for managing exploitation. Environmental degradation will persist because it is the static result of the ongoing dynamic contest between opportunistic individuals and institutional adaptation. The book assumes no prior knowledge of economics or the environment and will appeal to a wide readership of policymakers and students with a background in economics, geography, conservation biology, environmental studies and development studies.

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What is the purpose of the economy? To answer this intriguing and fundamental question, this book provides a systematic approach to economic ethics and constructs a relationship between the economy and morality; it expounds theoretical and practical issues of economic philosophy along two dimensions: values and institutions. On the dimension of values, Yuichi Shionoya explores the connections between the economy and morality by reconstructing a coherent system of ethics that coordinates the 'good, right, and virtue'. Based on this system of ethics, the book goes on to discuss the dimension of institutions and presents the philosophy of the welfare state, consisting of a tripartite contemporary institution of 'capitalism, democracy, and social security'. Economy and Morality is a remarkable contribution to economic ethics exploring key philosophical issues including efficiency versus justice and liberty versus excellence. Its unique emphasis is the economics of virtue, which is concerned with the virtuous utilization of economic resources for human development, and applied to the reform of the welfare state.Economists, philosophers and scholars of social policy and the welfare state will all find this book of great interest - part of its appeal lying in its interdisciplinary approach to contemporary economic, political and social systems based on the synthesis of moral values.

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The emergence of industrial policy as a central issue among not just policy makers but the intellectual community as well reflects not only concerns about the international competitiveness of firms and nations but also unemployment and growth. Scholarship on industrial policy has been scattered across a wide range of disciplines and subjects, rendering it difficult to grasp the state of knowledge on the subject. The purpose of this three volume series is to provide the classic articles forming the building blocks of scholarship on industrial policy and present them in an integrated framework. These classic contributions span a number of subjects within economics, such as international trade, industrial economics, labour economics, economic development and technological change, as well as a number of different academic disciplines, including political science, sociology, international relations, and international management. The first volume focuses on The Mandate for Industrial Policy, the second on Instruments and Targets, and the third on Industry and Country Studies.

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This major six-volume set reproduces the most important journal material concerning the many aspects of political economy in the Middle East. By subject, the editors concentrate on the vital issues affecting this continually developing area of the world.This collection opens up a new source of essential material to both the student and academic specializing in Middle Eastern studies. The editors have prepared individual introductions for each title in addition to a general series preface for the series.Volume I:Poor capital investment combined with the few details concerning education in the Middle East have resulted in the under-utilisation of human resources. The articles included in this collection focus on the reasons behind this development failure and also how this failure continues to affect the region.20 articles, dating from 1980 to 1995Volume II:This collection features literature on the contemporary international relations of the Middle East in the latter part of the twentieth century. The editors pay particular attention to trade, production, imports and exports, foreign investment, multinational companies in the region and labour migration.18 articles, dating from 1984 to 1997Volume III: In capitalist and socialist societies, economic systems are believed by their adherents to have universal applicability irrespective of the values held by the societies in which they are applied. Islamic economists reject this notion, believing that an economic system should reflect religious values, rather than a society's values being determined by the economic system. The articles included in this volume focus on the development of principles and the system of Islamic economics.23 articles, dating from 1963 to 1995Volume IV:Few countries have been left untouched by either economic or political liberalisation in recent history - indeed, many have been affected by both. These processes have had a substantial effect on the Middle East. Particular emphasis is given to the liberalisation of Turkey, Egypt and Iraq as well as articles featuring other main Middle Eastern states.22 articles, dating from 1981 to 1998Volume V:The articles included in this volume focus on the manner in which the character of the state affects economic policies. Attention is given to themes on the nature of the Middle Eastern State in general, the relationship between state and society, assessments of the administrative structures for economic policies and policy making and assessments of economic policies which are specific to individual state formation and structure.21 articles, dating from 1982 to 1996Volume VI:Oil is probably the most significant industry in the Middle Eastern states. The editors have selected articles which relate not only to the analysis of oil production but also to the range of effects which oil revenues have on the political economy of the Middle East. The editors have intentionally focused on material which follows the social, economic and political effects of oil resources over the past 25 years.19 articles, dating from 1978 to 1996

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This is the fifth volume in a ten-volume set designed for publication in 1997. It reprints in book form a selection of the most important and influential articles on probability, econometrics and economic games which cumulatively have had a major impact on the development of modern economics. There are 242 articles, dating from 1936 to 1996. Many of them were originally published in relatively inaccessible journals and may not, therefore, be available in the archives of many university libraries. The volumes are available separately and also as a complete ten-volume set. The contributors include D. Ellsberg, R.M. Hogart, J.B. Kadane, B.O. Koopmans, E.L. Lehman, D.F. Nicholls, H. Rubin, T.J. Sarjent, L.H. Summers and C.R. Wymer. This particular volume deals with the statistical theory that underlies the science of econometrics.

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This is the third volume in a ten-volume set designed for publication in 1997. It reprints in book form a selection of the most important and influential articles on probability, econometrics and economic games which cumulatively have had a major impact on the development of modern economics. There are 242 articles, dating from 1936 to 1996. Many of them were originally published in relatively inaccessible journals and may not, therefore, be available in the archives of many university libraries. The volumes are available separately and also as a complete ten-volume set. The contributors include D. Ellsberg, R.M. Hogart, J.B. Kadane, B.O. Koopmans, E.L. Lehman, D.F. Nicholls, H. Rubin, T.J. Sarjent, L.H. Summers and C.R. Wymer. This particular volume deals with economic games and the functions of bargaining and solutions.

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This is the first volume in a ten-volume set designed for publication in 1997. It reprints in book form a selection of the most important and influential articles on probability, econometrics and economic games which cumulatively have had a major impact on the development of modern economics. There are 242 articles, dating from 1936 to 1996. Many of them were originally published in relatively inaccessible journals and may not, therefore, be available in the archives of many university libraries. The volumes are available separately and also as a complete ten-volume set. The contributors include D. Ellsberg, R.M. Hogart, J.B. Kadane, B.O. Koopmans, E.L. Lehman, D.F. Nicholls, H. Rubin, T.J. Sarjent, L.H. Summers and C.R. Wymer. This particular volume deals with the foundations of probability, econometrics and economic games.

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This important and original dictionary presents for the first time in an easily accessible form a wide range of terms and concepts used in free-market economics. It includes entries on theories of the market economy, as well as empirical studies of economic freedom and informative biographies of free-market economists. Standard dictionaries in economics often omit many terms used in free-market economics, and also place a different interpretation on some terms and concepts, such as 'intervention', 'regulation', 'ownership and 'public goods'. In addition, they often do not include references on important and controversial topics such as free banking. This Dictionary includes definitive entries that are not covered elsewhere, as well as explaining key terms and concepts from the Austrian, Chicago, Virginia Public Choice, Law and Economics and Georgists schools of thought. It also incorporates the essential points of a particular topic, concept or term used in law, finance and classical liberal philosophy as well as many basic terms used in economics. Sorted alphabetically, with extensive cross-referencing this dictionary provides concise and clear definitions of common as well as less well known concepts used in free-market economics.This Dictionary will be an essential source of reference for all those in the public choice and Austrian schools as well as those with an interest in free-market economics.

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Milton Friedman is beyond question the most famous living economist of the 20th century. He is closely associated with the doctrine of 'monetarism' which has been adopted by many governments around the world.This important two volume collection presents a major study of Milton Friedman's outstanding contribution to economics as a teacher at the University of Chicago. It shows how Friedman's distinctive ideas about money, markets and economic theory, communicated in the classroom and in thesis committees, influenced an entire generation of economists. It also reveals his influence on graduate-education practices at the University of Chicago and elsewhere.

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This two-volume collection of articles on European migration during the 19th and 20th centuries examines the motivations for migration, drawing on the particular experience of Irish, German, Scottish, Italian, Scandinavian and other European migrants, as well as those who migrated to Europe, such as West Indian migrants into Britain. The first volume examines the hostility faced by migrants, both in their home countries and their countries of destination. The second volume considers the contributions migrants have made to their host countries, and compares the experiences of different migrant groups. In addition, the continuing links between migrants and their countries of origin is explored through a series of essays and papers. Altogether there are 51 articles, dating from 1950 to 1994.

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The Economics of Productivity provides an anthology of many of the leading papers on productivity analysis. Part 1 of the collection portrays the development of production functions and growth accounting, including classic papers by Robert Solow, Dale Jorgenson, Edward Denison, and Angus Maddison. Part 2 covers topics on the economics of research and development and technological spillovers, featuring works by Zvi Griliches and Edwin Mansfield. Part 3 is devoted to evolutionary and Schumpeterian models of technological change, including articles by Richard Nelson and Sydney Winter. Studies by Moses Abramovitz and William Baumol, both published in 1986, document a convergence in labour productivity among industrialized economies, and Part 4 includes several seminal papers on this topic. Part 5 treats another important development in productivity analysis - endogenous growth theory, in which production itself creates the conditions of further technical change. The input-output framework provides another powerful system for the measurement of productivity growth, and articles on this topic are presented in Part 6. A dramatic slowdown in the rate of productivity growth occurred in the early 1970s and this development spawned a large literature on the subject of productivity, which is highlighted in the last part of the volume.

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The Economy as Process of Valuation sheds new light on the potential benefits of concept and theory formation along dynamic and evolutionary lines for understanding economic processes. The emphasis is on aspects of the economy as a process of valuation rather than as a mechanistic result of transcendental forces yielding unique determinate results.The book begins by examining instrumentalism and the process of valuation, arguing that to choose involves the process of valuation. It then focuses on Coases's work on institutions and considers the implications for a variety of subjects including the theory of the firm and the theory and policy of externalities - all aspects of the economy as a process of valuation. This is followed by analyses of the concepts of coercion and cost in economics, with special reference to one agent's interest being another agent's cost. Each elicits key aspects of analysis, valuation and the complexities and conflictual nature of valuation processes and structures. Finally, Kenneth Boulding's work on 'The Image' is examined, arguing that definitions of reality and values derive, in part from language.

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This major book extends Michal Kalecki’s investment cycle analysis into an integrated dynamic model of how levels of confidence experienced by entrepreneurs affect their decisions to invest.The long-term, expensive and uncertain nature of investment projects inhibits decision makers’ confidence, making it susceptible to a wide range of factors. Incorporating behavioural and evolutionary analysis into a Kaleckian investment model, Jerry Courvisanos develops the concept of susceptibility which provides the foundation for an improved understanding of the empirically observed cyclical instability of capital accumulation. Historically based empirical patterns of cyclical manufacturing investment in capitalist economies are identified and related to how the nature of susceptibility alters over time. These alterations are shown to create different investment cycle patterns over evolving periods of economic development. Drawing on this susceptibility cycle model, Jerry Courvisanos shows how corporate and governmental strategic planners can better design policies to mitigate the instability that investment exhibits. The result could be to diminish the aggravating effect that investment instability has on business cycles and employment in capitalist economies.

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In The Dynamics of Technical Innovation, Geert Duysters explores the evolution of complex industrial systems over time by examining technological and market developments in the computer, telecommunications and semiconductor industries.An integrated theoretical framework is developed by Professor Duysters to study the relationship between technological change, changing industry structures, and innovation strategies by several different categories of company. This is followed by an in-depth empirical analysis of technological convergence, strategic technology partnering and globalization - three major factors in the development of information technology over the past decade. The Dynamics of Technical Innovation is one of the first attempts to measure quantitatively the technological convergence process in information technology. Providing new insights on the internationalization of research and development, this analysis of recent and historical developments in the information technology industry which will be welcomed by scholars and practitioners interested in international business, technological change and innovation management.

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Beyond Neoclassical Economics is a remarkable introduction to the main heterodox schools of economic thought which examines their main concepts and their critiques of mainstream theory.Offering a wide spectrum of theory and viewpoints that both complement and challenge mainstream and conventional thought, this substantial volume explores schools of thought and traditions poorly covered in most conventional economics textbooks. The schools presented include Austrian economics, Geo-economics, the Virginia School of Political Economy, Institutional economics, Feminist economics, Humanist economics and Non-determinist Marxism. The papers in this volume have been prepared by leading scholars who offer new perspectives on conventional thought, as well as dialogue and commentary between their different approaches to economics.The aim of this major book is not only to understand the thought, methodology, and approach of various economic schools, but also to explain why there are different approaches to economics and how the different schools relate to one another.

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These volumes contain a spread of influential articles on economic issues arising in all aspects of the cultural sector - the performing and creative arts, (including the art market); the heritage industry (museums and monuments) and the media industry (film, TV, recording etc.). Cultural economics, including in this term the economics of the arts, has developed steadily over the last thirty years, with a literature that is theoretical, empirical and institutional. Some of the most prominent economists have written on subjects in this field - Coase, Baumol, Peacock, Robbins, Scitovsky, West and it is now being developed by their successors, of whom Frey and Throsby are the best established.

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This major reference book comprises specially commissioned surveys in environmental and resource economics written by an international team of experts. Authoritative yet accessible, each entry provides a state-of-the-art summary of key areas that will be invaluable to researchers, practitioners and advanced students. The handbook contains 79 chapters distributed over 10 main sections: introduction economics of natural resources economics of environmental policy international aspects of environmental economics and policy space in environmental economics environmental macroeconomics• economic valuation and evaluation interdisciplinary issues methods and models in environmental and resource economics prospects Aside from being the most extensive survey of environmental and resource economics available today, the handbook contains several special and unique features. Five of the ten main sections cover topics that are addressed marginally or not at all in previous handbooks or other surveys. Moreover, in addition to overviews of the standard (neoclassical) approach, the book covers core elements of ecological economics in the section on interdisciplinary issues, with a separate chapter comparing neoclassical and ecological economics. The first section includes an introduction and summary of the handbook, as well as a chapter with a historical survey of environmental economics. The final section covers future areas of research from both monodisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives. At a chapter level the handbook addresses, in addition to standard topics, both less common and recent topics in environmental and resource economics. These include cartels in resource extraction, trade in resources, indicators of resource scarcity, endogenous risk, policy in imperfect markets, transaction costs, the double dividend of ecotaxation, distribution issues, ethics and policy, ethics and valuation, strategic trade, endogenous locations, endogenous growth theory, environmental Kuznets curves, sustainability and sustainable development, the meaning of thermodynamics, analysis of materials flows, the relevance of ecological theory, multi-criteria analysis, computable general equilibrium models, decomposition methods, and ecological economics. Traditional topics are surveyed as well, for instance, externalities, instrument choice, nonrenewable resource extraction, fishery economics, water use, the growth debate, valuation methods and cost-benefit analysis. A final main advantage of the handbook is that the extensive sub-divisions into topics means that the surveys offer an advanced treatment whilst being concise, authoritative and accessible.

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In the latter part of a turbulent century for Europe, France and Germany have been at the forefront of the developments that have shaped both Western and Eastern Europe. Having initiated and controlled economic and monetary union, the greater goal is now that of further European integration, and the Franco-German dynamic is likely to be crucial again in the success or failure of achieving this.The Franco-German Axis in European Integration examines the effectiveness and durability of the Franco-German relationship in European integration, tracing this important partnership through many political and economic disparities. This study goes on to assess the role of these two states in the challenges now facing the Union; from EMU, to the process of stabilising its eastern borders, and from enlargement of the Union, to the struggle to agree on a common foreign security policy.This volume will appeal as much to policymakers and interest groups as it will to scholars, students, and researchers in the field of European studies and international relations.

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The complexity of a multi-layered system of government yields a wealth of issues concerning environmental policy making. This important book presents new original work on the problems that arise from the existence of more than one level of government, and discusses the responsibility of federal, state and local government policy making.This theme of government responsibilty for environmental regulation is expanded to consider the coordination of environmental policy across different levels of government. This is directly related to the question of which level of government should bear the costs of implementing environmental policy, if agreement can be reached between various levels of government. Furthermore the contributors discuss whether the policy targets for environmental quality should be uniform or regionally differentiated. They conclude that there is a role for both a federal government and for regional coordination in the design and application of environmental policies. Moreover, that economic integration through a federal system can result in better and more efficient environmental regulation.The Economic Theory of Environmental Policy in a Federal System will be an invaluable resource for academics, policymakers and government officials.

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The momentous changes in Russia over the past five years have been a rich source for the study and practice of management. Based on interviews and empirical data collected directly from Russian managers, Business and Management in Russia has been written to provide an understanding of Russian management and business as the country takes the first steps towards a market economy.Drawing on five years' collaborative research between Russian and Western management scholars, this major book presents an extensive set of authoritative papers and illustrated case studies. After examining the traditional mindset of the Russian manager, placing managerial traits in historical context and discussing both the position of women managers and the role of management education, the authors focus on the transition period itself, the evolving conditions facing state-owned and private enterprises and the responses of managers. Adopting a Western perspective, the volume concludes with a survey of manufacturing joint ventures, discussion of human resource issues and a comparative analysis of business ethics.Intended for students, scholars and managers, Business and Management in Russia provides in-depth analyses of Russian culture and history, as they affect managers, and survey results on current managerial attitudes and practice. While focusing on managers and enterprises, the volume also addresses macroeconomic, political, legal and social issues as a context for understanding managerial behaviour.

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In Knowledge, Innovation and Economy, Witold Kwasnicki examines industrial dynamics from an evolutionary perspective, applying a biological model to the analysis of economic problems.Focusing on issues of methodology, knowledge development, and cultural and social evolution, the first part of the book develops parallels, similarities and discrepancies between knowledge development and biological evolution. An evolutionary model of industrial development, presented in the second part of the book, incorporates both the industrial and innovation processes. The author compares and contrasts this model's behaviour with that of well-known, classical models of development. Contemporary economic problems relating to cumulative causation and path dependency are discussed in the final chapter.Knowledge, Innovation and Economy provides new insights into industrial and economic development which will be welcomed by economists concerned with industrial processes and organization, the innovation process and technological change.

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The Environment in WORLD POLITICS explores the interaction of humanity with the physical environment from a systems perspective.The whole is taken to be made up of five sub-systems. The first two are international supply of and demand for goods and services with flows governed by market principles. Classically such a two-component self-stable system could be considered closed, in that two-way interaction with what lay outside was almost zero. However, the effects of economic activity on the physical environment can no longer be ignored and a third sub-system setting norms for acceptable discharges into the environment is plainly necessary. At the same time, the significance of economic activity representing exploitation of commons resources (and hence not obviously governable by market principles) has itself continued to increase. Commons sources are the fourth sub-system and the arrangements for monitoring resource-flows from such sources the fifth sub-system.The focus of the book is on sustainable development. This is taken to mean a stable relationship between the sub-systems, with the norms governing the flows between the sub-systems set and maintained at a desirable level. This approach is found naturally to accommodate the exploration of practical concerns including global warming, protection of the ozone layer, and the exploitation of nuclear power. It also provides a stimulating setting for the examination of INTER ALIA, the precautionary principle, the contentious role of science in the setting of environmental norms, and the population question.This book will be essential reading for social science undergraduates and postgraduate students of international relations, politics and international environmental politics.

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Conflict and Change in the Russian Industrial Enterprise focuses on the new kinds of conflict that arise in the transition to a market economy. Following an editorial introduction, two chapters develop theories from new empirical research into patterns of conflict and forms of trade unionism in Russian enterprises in the transition period. These are followed by a detailed case study of the development of an independent trade union in one large industrial enterprise, and a chapter which explores changes in the status hierarchy of the industrial enterprise. Two chapters then address the much-neglected issue of gender differentiation in the work place and both chapters question the supposed passivity of Russian women workers. The two final chapters address the issue of conflict and change in the external relations of enterprises through case studies of the process of bankruptcy and of conflict between insiders and outsiders.

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The Russian Enterprise in Transition provides a unique insight into the realities of the restructuring of Russian industrial enterprises in the transition period from the boardroom to the shop floor.An introductory chapter by Simon Clarke, which gives an overview of the industrial enterprise in transition, is followed by four in-depth case study reports of enterprises, covering the period since the beginning of the radical reform. Each report looks at the changing strategy of management at various levels in response to the challenge of transition, at the response of the shop floor and to the more subtle changes in values and social relations within the enterprise over the period of reform. Together the reports cover five enterprises which provide a cross-section of different types of former state enterprises. Two of the enterprises covered were among the pioneers of privatization, two were flagships of the military-industrial sector which had to respond to the collapse of the traditional markets, and the fifth was a passenger transport enterprise which remains in state control. The Russian Enterprise in Transition is the fourth volume in the series Management and Industry in Russia, reporting directly on the results of a unique programme of case study and ethnographic research into the restructuring of social relations in Russian industrial production. Together these case study reports provide a unique insight into industrial life in Russia and are an essential component to the previous volumes in the series, which have focused on substantive thematic analysis.

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This excellent book provides a welcome collection of David Teece's most important writings in the related areas of strategy and technology and their implications for public policy.These papers are the result of an ambitious agenda to analyse concepts in economics, organizational theory and management policy to provide a uniquely integrated global view of strategy, technology and public policy. Key topics which are addressed include: fundamental issues in strategic management technology and technology transfer antitrust regulation and deregulation technology policy The volume also includes an extensive introduction which provides a biographical insight into the development of the author's career and his continuing research into the areas the articles in this volume exlore. David Teece's style of writing is succinct and logical and the material presented in this volume, and in its companion Economic Performance and the Theory of the Firm, will be of great interest to economists, managers, consultants and policy makers.

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