Search results for ""taylor francis inc""

Once a prosperous region, the Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river basin—inhabited by about a tenth of the world’s population—is currently one of the poorest. Large-scale socioeconomic development is urgently needed to ensure the sustainability of the region, and the management of water resources is a crucial part of this. Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna Waters: Advances in Development and Management discusses water resource development and management issues related to the GBM river basin, including interactions, institutional set ups, and future perspectives. It also proposes several novel technologies, developed by the author, to help revolutionize the development of India’s waters.Written by an authority in water resource management studies, the book addresses the need for a holistic, integrated, basin-wide approach to improve the quality of life for people living within the region. Pointing out that water does not recognize political boundaries, the text also discusses Nepal, Bangladesh, and Bhutan as integral parts of the GBM basin. The author suggests that the unique geophysical and hydrologic characteristics of the basin present an opportunity for technologies that can increase the available water and hydroelectric potential in the region. The proposed advances can also help generate collaborative development between India and its neighboring countries.The book emphasizes the adoption of a societal-environmental systems management approach, which treats the physical and social-environmental systems as integral components, backed by participatory transparent modeling. It also argues that technology must be considered a key part of the system. A unique contribution to water resources engineering, this book provides readers with a case study of the development and management of the world’s largest water system. It offers new perspectives and useful advice for other countries and regions developing river and irrigation plans and for policy makers involved in large-scale water resources engineering.

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Many advances have been made in the last decade in the understanding of the computational principles underlying olfactory system functioning. Neuromorphic Olfaction is a collaboration among European researchers who, through NEUROCHEM (Fp7-Grant Agreement Number 216916)—a challenging and innovative European-funded project—introduce novel computing paradigms and biomimetic artifacts for chemical sensing. The implications of these findings are relevant to a wide audience, including researchers in artifical olfaction, neuroscientists, physiologists, and scientists working with chemical sensors.Developing neuromorphic olfaction from conceptual points of view to practical applications, this cross-disciplinary book examines: The biological components of vertebrate and invertebrate chemical sensing systems The early coding pathways in the biological olfactory system, showing how nonspecific receptor populations may have significant advantages in encoding odor intensity as well as odor identity The redundancy and the massive convergence of the olfactory receptor neurons to the olfactory bulb A neuromorphic approach to artificial olfaction in robots Reactive and cognitive search strategies for olfactory robots The implementation of a computational model of the mammalian olfactory system The book’s primary focus is on translating aspects of olfaction into computationally practical algorithms. These algorithms can help us understand the underlying behavior of the chemical senses in biological systems. They can also be translated into practical applications, such as robotic navigation and systems for uniquely detecting chemical species in a complex background.

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An examination of the various types of human-modeled technology, Advances in Applied Human Modeling and Simulation not only covers the type of models available, but how they can be applied to solve specific problems. These models provide a representation of some human aspects that can be inserted into simulations or virtual environments and facilitate prediction of safety, satisfaction, usability, performance, and sustainability.Topics include: Anthropometry and human functional data Biomechanics, occupational safety, comfort and discomfort Biometric authentications Driving safety and human performance Enhancing human capabilities through aids or training Fuzzy systems and neural computing Human behavior and risk assessment modeling Integrating software with humans and systems International cooperation in education and engineering research Intelligent agents in decision training Intelligent data and text mining Machine learning and human factors Modeling physical aspects of work Monitoring systems and human decision Psychophysiological indicators of emotion Resilience engineering and human reliability Scenario-based performance in distributed enterprises Special populations Sustainability, earth sciences and engineering System-of-systems architecting and engineering Verification and validation Virtual interactive design and assessment The math and science provides a foundation for visualizations that can facilitate decision making by technical experts, management or those responsible for public policy. In considering a systems perspective and decisions that affect performance, these models provide opportunities for an expanded role of engineers and HF/E specialist

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Successful interaction with products, tools, and technologies depends on usable designs, accommodating the needs of potential users and does not require costly training. In this context, Advances in Usability Evaluation Part I discusses emerging concepts, theories, and applications of human factors knowledge focusing on the discovery and understanding of human interaction with products and systems for their improvement. The book covers devices and their interfaces, focusing on optimization of user devices and emphasizing visual and haptic feedback. It then discusses user studies, exploring the limits and capabilities of special populations, particularly the elderly, which can influence the design. It also examines the effect of changes in force and kinematics, physiology, cognitive performance, in the design of consumer products, tools and workplaces. Examining a variety of user-centered evaluation approaches, the concluding chapters details methods for developing products that can improve safety and human performance and at same time, the efficiency of the system. It reports on usability evaluations for different kinds of products and technologies, particularly for cellular phones, earphones, earphone controls, mattresses and pillows, package and professional tools, and service systems. The book provides new methods that enhance performance, expand capabilities, and optimize the fit between people and technology.

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Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is an emerging nanomaterial with unique properties produced by several species of ubiquitous fermentation bacteria, most importantly Gluconacetobacter xylinus, previously known as Acetobacter xylinum. BNC has been used for a variety of commercial applications including textiles, cosmetics, and food products, and it has a high potential for medical applications. Bacterial NanoCellulose: A Sophisticated Multifunctional Material provides the state of the art of scientific knowledge about the mechanism of cellulose production by bacteria along with pointing out challenges in expansion of BNC production in large scale. It provides the latest update on BNC structure and its modification, as well as comprehensive information about current and future applications of BNC. This seminal work covers the basic science, technology, and economic impact of this bulk chemical as well as the companies and patents that are driving the field. It reviews the biosynthesis and properties of BNC.

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Expose Your Students to the Elegant World of Physics in an Enticing WayPhysics from Planet Earth - An Introduction to Mechanics provides a one-semester, calculus-based introduction to classical mechanics for first-year undergraduate students studying physics, chemistry, astronomy, or engineering. Developed from classroom-tested materials refined and updated for over ten years at Colgate University, the book guides students on a journey beyond standard approaches that use blocks, projectiles, and inclined planes to grander themes involving interplanetary travel, exoplanets, asteroid collisions, and dark matter.Beginning students are often bewildered by the rapid-fire presentation of physical concepts, mathematics, and problem-solving strategies in traditional introductory textbooks. In contrast, this text: Introduces the three conservation laws (momentum, energy, and angular momentum) as fundamental laws of nature from which secondary concepts, such as force and torque, are derived Organizes topics around the conservation laws, avoiding the typical "math overload" that confronts students at the start of standard courses Motivates and illustrates many topics through real, contemporary applications in astronomy, planetary science, and space travel After reviewing the basic mathematical tools needed to study mechanics, the text addresses the conservation of momentum and applications, such as gravity-assisted space travel and rocket propulsion. It next discusses Newton’s Laws and numerous space- and astronomy-based applications. The text then presents evidence for a second conservation principle, energy, which allows us to describe motion as a function of position rather than time. The book also explores the conservation of angular momentum and a variety of applications, including pulsars, orbital eccentricity, and gyroscopes. The text concludes with a discussion of dark matter, dark energy, and the ultimate fate of the universe.

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The Book provides knowledge on the diversity of disease causing microbes including bacteria, viruses, fungi and Protozoans- the major diseases they cause and the environmental factors that influence the occurrence, transmission and spread of microbes along with the epidemiological factors determining the occurrence of disease.

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Conservation planning involves targeted management practices and land use decision-making based on careful analysis of landscape limitations in order to protect soil and water resources. Developing solutions to conservation planning is of worldwide interest due to anticipated population growth, growing demand of feedstocks for biofuels, decreasing freshwater resources, and increasing land degradation in the developed world. Recent advances in geospatial technologies now provide land managers with tools and resources to conserve soil and water resources more efficiently than has ever been possible before.GIS Applications in Agriculture, Volume 4: Conservation Planning presents approaches developed by leading researchers working at the intersection of conservation and spatial technologies. Among others, the technologies include global positioning systems (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS), Internet mapping technologies, remote sensing, and various modeling applications. These advances allow improved prediction of soil erosion and environmental effects, better prioritization of land for conservation initiatives and funding, and enhanced prediction of the impact of management practices on natural resources. They also facilitate the development of conservation management plans and improve the accessibility of conservation knowledge and tools.The strategies presented are designed to provide the greatest benefit to preserving natural resources while reducing economic expenses. Each chapter includes a detailed background on the specific topic, with case studies describing the design and implementation of the solution. Readers are guided through step-by-step exercises to gain experience in executing the conservation practice. Substantial online data and modeling are available that can be immediately implemented or modified to suit users’ needs. The exercises are accessible enough to be used in the classroom, yet detailed enough for self-instruction by highly motivated professionals active in developing conservation plans.

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Continually increasing demands on infrastructures mean that maintenance and renewal require timely, appropriate action that maximizes benefits while minimizing cost. To be as well informed as possible, decision-makers must have an optimal understanding of an infrastructure’s condition—what it is now, and what it is expected to be in the future. Written by two highly respected engineers, the second volume, Infrastructure Health in Civil Engineering: Applications and Management, integrates the decision making concept into theoretical and practical issues. It covers: State-of-the-art practice and future directions Use of probability and statistics in areas including structural modeling Specific practical applications, including retrofitting and rehabilitation in response to earthquake damage, corrosion, fatigue, and bridge security Use of IHCE for management and maintenance of different types of structures using pre-stressed and reinforced concrete, and fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) Numerous practical case studies, as well as coverage of the latest techniques in the use of sensors for damage detection and load testing Built to correspond to the ideas presented in its companion volume, Theory and Components, this is an invaluable guide to optimized, cost-saving methods that will help readers meet safety specifications for new projects, as well as the aging infrastructure at great risk of failure.

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Bridging the gap between practical crime scene investigation and scientific theory, Crime Scene Forensics: A Scientific Method Approach maintains that crime scene investigations are intensely intellectual exercises that marry scientific and investigative processes. Success in this field requires experience, creative thinking, logic, and the correct application of the science and the scientific method.Emphasizing the necessary thought processes for applying science to the investigation, this text covers: The general scene investigation process, including definitions and philosophy as well as hands-on considerations Archiving the crime scene through photography, sketching, and video Managing the crime scene investigation—the glue that holds the investigation together Searching the crime scene—the logical byproduct of archiving and management Impression/pattern evidence, including fingerprints, bloodstains, footwear impressions, and tire track impressions The biological crime scene and recognizing, collecting, and preserving biological evidence, including forensic entomology and evidence found at bioweapon scenes The fundamental principles of evidence as expressed by the Principle of Divisible Matter and the Locard Exchange Principle: every touch leaves a trace Trace evidence, including glass, paint, and soil Shooting incident scenes, with discussion of bullet paths and gunshot residue The final section examines fire scenes, quality assurance issues, and methods for collecting and preserving various evidence types not covered in other chapters.The delicate balance among logic, science, and investigative activity must be understood in order to successfully work a crime scene. Enhanced by more than 200 color images, this volume provides investigators and students with the tools to grasp these critical concepts, paving an expeditious path to the truth.

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Describing the history and state-of-the-art of the thermo-hydrous manipulation of wood, this book provides either a desk reference or a field manual of wood science. It examines the polymeric components of wood and its multilevel hierarchical structure that confer its unique general-purpose character and faculty for transformation. Exceeding all other material in its capacity to deform under controlled conditions and for a proscribed outcome, wood, under thermo-hydrous conditions, permits a multitude of industrial processes. Discussing the processes at work and the industrial applications, this book is a must for all interested in the manipulation of wood.

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Polymer Brushes: Substrates, Technologies, and Properties covers various aspects of polymer brush technology, including synthesis, properties, performance, and applications. It presents both experimental details and theoretical insights to enable a better understanding of the brush system.After an overview of polymer brush systems, the book discusses methods for grafting organic brushes from the surface of clay platelets and for the covalent grafting of PNIPAm brushes. It then describes ferrocene polymer brushes, nonfouling brushes on poly(ethylene terephthalate) film surfaces, brushes formed on the inner surface of cylindrical pores, and the "zipper brush" approach. The authors examine the use of scanning electrochemical microscopy for analyzing brushes and compare surface-controlled atom transfer radical polymerization and surface-controlled single-electron transfer living radical polymerization. They also explore the application of polymer brushes in the chromatographic separations of viruses and proteins and the suppression of proteins and cell adhesions. The text concludes with a look at how polymer brushes are synthesized by surface-initiated iniferter-mediated polymerization.This book provides a one-stop reference on the various substrates and technologies used to synthesize polymer brushes. The hands-on information in the text will help readers choose the proper synthesis methods and materials for their system.

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This book introduces a process called The Exchange that will make ones job easier. It is about the kinds of conflicts that drive a manager or supervisor crazy. The book is intended for the designated problem solvers, whether official or unofficial.

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Because terrorists are made, not born, it is critically important to world peace that detainees and inmates influenced by violent ideology are deradicalized and rehabilitated back into society. Exploring the challenges in this formidable endeavor, Terrorist Rehabilitation: The U.S. Experience in Iraq demonstrates through the actual experiences of military personnel, defense contractors, and Iraqi nationals that deradicalization and rehabilitation programs can succeed and have the capability to positively impact thousands of would-be terrorists globally if utilized to their full capacity.Custodial and community rehabilitation of terrorists and extremists is a new frontier in the fight against terrorism. This forward-thinking volume:Highlights the success of a rehabilitation program curriculum in IraqEncourages individuals and governments to embrace rehabilitation as the next most logical step in fighting terrorismExamines the recent history of threat groups in IraqDemonstrates where the U.S. went awry in its war effort, and the steps it took to correct the situationDescribes religious, vocational training, education, creative expression, and Tanweer programs introduced to the detainee populationProvides insight into future steps based on lessons learned from current rehabilitation programsIt is essential that we shift the focus from solely detainment and imprisonment to addressing the ideological mindset during prolonged incarceration. It is possible to effect an ideological transformation in detainees that qualifies them to be reclassified as no longer posing a security threat. This volume demonstrates that with the proper program and encouragement, a detainee’s misunderstanding or extremist ideology can be replaced with the principles of moderation, toleration, and coexistence.

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Accurate software engineering reviews and audits have become essential to the success of software companies and military and aerospace programs. These reviews and audits define the framework and specific requirements for verifying software development efforts.Authored by an industry professional with three decades of experience, Software Engineering Reviews and Audits offers authoritative guidance for conducting and performing software first article inspections, and functional and physical configuration software audits. It prepares readers to answer common questions for conducting and performing software reviews and audits, such as: What is required, who needs to participate, and how do we ensure success in all specified requirements in test and released configuration baselines?Complete with resource-rich appendices, this concise guide will help you: Conduct effective and efficient software reviews and audits Understand how to structure the software development life cycle Review software designs and testing plans properly Access best methods for reviews and audits Achieve compliance with mandatory and contractual software requirements The author includes checklists, sample forms, and a glossary of industry terms and acronyms to help ensure formal audits are successful the first time around. The contents of the text will help you maintain a professional setting where software is developed for profit, increase service quality, generate cost reductions, and improve individual and team efforts.

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The Second Edition of the bestselling Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook brings together all aspects of the design and implementation of measurement, instrumentation, and sensors. Reflecting the current state of the art, it describes the use of instruments and techniques for performing practical measurements in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences and discusses processing systems, automatic data acquisition, reduction and analysis, operation characteristics, accuracy, errors, calibrations, and the incorporation of standards for control purposes. Organized according to measurement problem, the Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement volume of the Second Edition: Contains contributions from field experts, new chapters, and updates to all 98 existing chapters Covers sensors and sensor technology, time and frequency, signal processing, displays and recorders, and optical, medical, biomedical, health, environmental, electrical, electromagnetic, and chemical variables A concise and useful reference for engineers, scientists, academic faculty, students, designers, managers, and industry professionals involved in instrumentation and measurement research and development, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition: Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement provides readers with a greater understanding of advanced applications.

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An Illustrated Introduction to Topology and Homotopy explores the beauty of topology and homotopy theory in a direct and engaging manner while illustrating the power of the theory through many, often surprising, applications. This self-contained book takes a visual and rigorous approach that incorporates both extensive illustrations and full proofs.The first part of the text covers basic topology, ranging from metric spaces and the axioms of topology through subspaces, product spaces, connectedness, compactness, and separation axioms to Urysohn’s lemma, Tietze’s theorems, and Stone-Čech compactification. Focusing on homotopy, the second part starts with the notions of ambient isotopy, homotopy, and the fundamental group. The book then covers basic combinatorial group theory, the Seifert-van Kampen theorem, knots, and low-dimensional manifolds. The last three chapters discuss the theory of covering spaces, the Borsuk-Ulam theorem, and applications in group theory, including various subgroup theorems.Requiring only some familiarity with group theory, the text includes a large number of figures as well as various examples that show how the theory can be applied. Each section starts with brief historical notes that trace the growth of the subject and ends with a set of exercises.

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Applicable to any problem that requires a finite number of solutions, finite state-based models (also called finite state machines or finite state automata) have found wide use in various areas of computer science and engineering. Handbook of Finite State Based Models and Applications provides a complete collection of introductory materials on finite state theories, algorithms, and the latest domain applications. For beginners, the book is a handy reference for quickly looking up model details. For more experienced researchers, it is suitable as a source of in-depth study in this area. The book first introduces the fundamentals of automata theory, including regular expressions, as well as widely used automata, such as transducers, tree automata, quantum automata, and timed automata. It then presents algorithms for the minimization and incremental construction of finite automata and describes Esterel, an automata-based synchronous programming language for embedded system software development.Moving on to applications, the book explores regular path queries on graph-structured data, timed automata in model checking security protocols, pattern matching, compiler design, and XML processing. It also covers other finite state-based modeling approaches and applications, including Petri nets, statecharts, temporal logic, and UML state machine diagrams.

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This new edition of a bestseller presents updated technology advances that have occurred since publication of the first edition. It increases the utility and scope of the content through numerous case studies and examples and an entirely new set of problems and solutions. The book also has an accompanying instructor's guide and presents rubrics by which instructors can increase student learning and evaluate student outcomes, chapter by chapter. The book focuses on the increasing importance of water resources and energy in the broader context of environmental sustainability. It’s interdisciplinary coverage includes soil science, physical chemistry, mineralogy, geology, ground pollution, and more.

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During many of the earliest American and Russian space missions, experiments were performed using cables to connect people and objects to spacecraft in orbit. These attempts generated considerable information about the formation of tethered systems and basic problems with tether orientation and gravity-gradient stabilization. During the 1970s, interest in tethered space systems (TSS) came to the forefront with an international project that involved the hanging of a probe from a low-orbit satellite to collect data on the Earth and its atmosphere. Since that time, TSS has grown to become its own area of research.Dynamics of Tethered Space Systems brings together the work of seven leading researchers working at the forefront of TSS. Together, they provide a brief yet thorough introduction to TSS. Then, combining theory with experimental approaches important to industry, they cover the dynamics of the mechanical, physical, and mathematical modeling approaches involved in tethered satellite deployment. They present several models from the literature, focusing on the simplest but most important system: two satellites in orbit around the Earth. Discussion then expands to cover more complex examples. Along the way, the authors consider a number of important topics, such as energy production resulting from interaction between the system and Earth’s magnetic field and momentum transfer in relation to satellites, microgravity laboratories, and futuristic applications such as the space elevator. They also look at a number of challenges, including those with deployment and energy dissipation.Providing approaches to theoretical models and experimental methods, the text includes a wealth of essential equations and detailed analyses of forces acting on tethered objects in motion. It provides both a starting point for further research and the tools needed to apply that research to the applications of tomorrow.

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Drawing on the author’s practical work from the last 20 years, Techniques in High Pressure Neutron Scattering is one of the first books to gather recent methods that allow neutron scattering well beyond 10 GPa. The author shows how neutron scattering has to be adapted to the pressure range and type of measurement.Suitable for both newcomers and experienced high pressure scientists and engineers, the book describes various solutions spanning two to three orders of magnitude in pressure that have emerged in the past three decades. Many engineering concepts are illustrated through examples of real high pressure devices that have demonstrated their capacity and have produced scientific results.After introducing basic engineering concepts related to the elastic and plastic behavior of cylindrical pressure devices, the text emphasizes mechanical and neutronic properties of construction materials. Subsequent chapters describe numerous high pressure techniques, including liquid/gas, clamp, and McWhan cells. The book also focuses on Paris-Edinburgh devices, high pressure metrology, and scientific applications.

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Until the late 20th century, computational studies of biomolecules and nanomaterials had considered the two subjects separately. A thorough presentation of state-of-the-art simulations for studying the nanoscale behavior of materials, Simulations in Nanobiotechnology discusses computational simulations of biomolecules and nanomaterials together. The book gives readers insight into not only the fundamentals of simulation-based characterizations in nanobiotechnology, but also in how to approach new and interesting problems in nanobiotechnology using basic theoretical and computational frameworks. Presenting the simulation-based nanoscale characterizations in biological science, Part 1: Describes recent efforts in MD simulation-based characterization and CG modeling of DNA and protein transport dynamics in the nanopore and nanochannel Presents recent advances made in continuum mechanics-based modeling of membrane proteins Summarizes theoretical frameworks along with atomistic simulations in single-molecule mechanics Provides the computational simulation-based mechanical characterization of protein materials Discussing advances in modeling techniques and their applications, Part 2: Describes advances in nature-inspired material design; atomistic simulation-based characterization of nanoparticles’ optical properties; and nanoparticle-based applications in therapeutics Overviews of the recent advances made in experiment and simulation-based characterizations of nanoscale adhesive properties Suggests theoretical frameworks with experimental efforts in the development of nanoresonators for future nanoscale device designs Delineates advances in theoretical and computational methods for understanding the mechanical behavior of a graphene monolayer The development of experimental apparatuses has paved the way to observing physics at the nanoscale and opened a new avenue in the fundamental understanding of the physics of various objects such as biological materials and nanomaterials. With expert contributors from around the world, this book addresses topics such as the molecular dynamics of protein translocation, coarse-grained modeling of CNT-DNA interactions, multi-scale modeling of nanowire resonator sensors, and the molecular dynamics simulation of protein mechanics. It demonstrates the broad application of models and simulations that require the use of principles from multiple academic disciplines.

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Sliding Mode Control of Switching Power Converters: Techniques and Implementation is perhaps the first in-depth account of how sliding mode controllers can be practically engineered to optimize control of power converters. A complete understanding of this process is timely and necessary, as the electronics industry moves toward the use of renewable energy sources and widely varying loads that can be adequately supported only by power converters using nonlinear controllers.Of the various advanced control methods used to handle the complex requirements of power conversion systems, sliding mode control (SMC) has been most widely investigated and proved to be a more feasible alternative than fuzzy and adaptive control for existing and future power converters. Bridging the gap between power electronics and control theory, this book employs a top-down instructional approach to discuss traditional and modern SMC techniques. Covering everything from equations to analog implantation, it: Provides a comprehensive general overview of SMC principles and methods Offers advanced readers a systematic exposition of the mathematical machineries and design principles relevant to construction of SMC, then introduces newer approaches Demonstrates the practical implementation and supporting design rules of SMC, based on analog circuits Promotes an appreciation of general nonlinear control by presenting it from a practical perspective and using familiar engineering terminology With specialized coverage of modeling and implementation that is useful to students and professionals in electrical and electronic engineering, this book clarifies SMC principles and their application to power converters. Making the material equally accessible to all readers, whether their background is in analog circuit design, power electronics, or control engineering, the authors—experienced researchers in their own right—elegantly and practically relate theory, application, and mathematical concepts and models to corresponding industrial targets.

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Even though enormous advancements have been made in identifying evidence-based lifestyle strategies for hypertension prevention and management, little progress has been made in implementing these proven strategies. Nutrition, Lifestyle Factors, and Blood Pressure compiles practical, science-based information for health care providers to provide effective lifestyle interventions for blood pressure care. Divided into three sections, the book features: Evidence-based blood pressure control and relevant considerations for real-life situations Special considerations in blood pressure control and lifestyle modification among children and adolescents, during pregnancy, and among those with diabetes Practical tools that health care providers can put into practice in particular settings An excellent supplement to existing resources, Nutrition, Lifestyle Factors, and Blood Pressure shortens the gap between current understanding of the science about lifestyle factors and blood pressure and the actual implementation of the science

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Although the genomic era is no longer in its infancy, the life sciences are still facing questions about the role of endogenous proteins and peptides in homeostasis and pathologies. Delving into one of the most current fields of interest in biology and medicine, Neuropeptides in Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration describes the impact of neuropeptides on neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. The book begins with chapters describing important features of the endogenous neuropeptide systems related to their formation, receptor signaling, and inactivation. It includes chapters focused on the design and development of peptide-like drugs (peptidomimetics). In addition, the book covers: General aspects regarding the biosynthesis, structures, and distribution of neuroactive peptides and their receptors Basic mechanisms for neuropeptide action, metabolism, as well as techniques for their detection and aspects essential for the cellular mechanisms underlying brain pathology Neuropeptides known for their impact in neurodegenerative and neuroprotective processes Fundamental aspects as well as recent progress in the development of peptidomimetics of neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing peptides

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Advances in design methods and process technologies have resulted in a continuous increase in the complexity of integrated circuits (ICs). However, the increased complexity and nanometer-size features of modern ICs make them susceptible to manufacturing defects, as well as performance and quality issues. Testing for Small-Delay Defects in Nanoscale CMOS Integrated Circuits covers common problems in areas such as process variations, power supply noise, crosstalk, resistive opens/bridges, and design-for-manufacturing (DfM)-related rule violations. The book also addresses testing for small-delay defects (SDDs), which can cause immediate timing failures on both critical and non-critical paths in the circuit. Overviews semiconductor industry test challenges and the need for SDD testing, including basic concepts and introductory material Describes algorithmic solutions incorporated in commercial tools from Mentor Graphics Reviews SDD testing based on "alternative methods" that explores new metrics, top-off ATPG, and circuit topology-based solutions Highlights the advantages and disadvantages of a diverse set of metrics, and identifies scope for improvement Written from the triple viewpoint of university researchers, EDA tool developers, and chip designers and tool users, this book is the first of its kind to address all aspects of SDD testing from such a diverse perspective. The book is designed as a one-stop reference for current industrial practices, research challenges in the domain of SDD testing, and recent developments in SDD solutions.

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From Main Street to Mumbai, Managing Emerging Risk: The Capstone of Preparedness considers the new global drivers behind threats and hazards facing all those tasked with protecting the public and private sector. The text delves into the global mindset of public and private sector emergency managers and presents a new risk landscape vastly different from the one existing ten years ago.The book begins by presenting a series of fictitious scenarios each resulting in mass destruction and fatalities. These are each followed by actual news stories that support the scenarios and demonstrate that the proposed events—seemingly unthinkable—have the potential to occur. Next, the author identifies two drivers in the practice of emergency management and general preparedness today that constitute our view of the future and the new face of risk. The first is the Disaster Halo Effect—the idea that modern threats exhibit more than one event. The second is the worldview of our nation as a Market State focused on the trading of goods, services, and ideas among the nation-states. The book also reviews the history of preparedness and discusses its relationship with large-scale threats, establishing that hindsight bias has hurt our ability to plan and respond to the unexpected.The chapters that follow explore what is needed to better cultivate, design, develop, and operate emerging management and preparedness thinking in the current environment. Each chapter begins with key terms and objectives and ends with thought-provoking questions. Introducing a new paradigm of thought that takes into account the chief influencers of global threats, the book arms emergency and business operations managers with the ammo needed to successfully confront emerging threats in the 21st century.

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Crime perpetrated by healthcare professionals is increasingly pervasive in today’s hospitals and other healthcare settings. Patients, coworkers, and employers are vulnerable to exploitation, fraud, abuse, and even murder. Investigative journalist Kelly M. Pyrek interviews experts who provide accounts concerning the range of criminality lurking in the healthcare setting in Healthcare Crime: Investigating Abuse, Fraud, and Homicide by Caregivers. Examines the root causes and the opportunitiesThe book begins by offering perspectives on how the stressors inherent in the healthcare profession can contribute to aberrant behavior by medical practitioners. It then examines breaches of patient privacy, which can easily occur in today’s age of technology. Highlighting appalling cases of exploitation, the book also suggests guidelines to safeguard patient privacy. Identifies the victims most at risk, and those who are their greatest threats In a chapter on abuse and assault, the book cites psychological studies that explain the root causes of victimization. It highlights the patient populations most at risk: disabled, psychiatric, and elderly, and identifies the chief victimizers: physicians, psychiatrists, dentists, pediatricians, and nursing assistants and aides. The book also examines the types of financial fraud and theft that can be perpetrated against not only patients but also employers and government agencies, and provides expert insight on how to take preventative measures. Discusses notorious serial murders in the medical professionProviding accounts of well-known healthcare-related homicides and suspicious deaths, the book also presents insights from forensic and serial murder experts as to why these incidents occur, warning signs to watch out for, and how to conduct a proper investigation. The final chapter examines simple, straightforward strategies for improving the level of quality of care and safety provided by healthcare institutions. With greater accountability and oversight, patients can once again feel secure that their providers are embracing the maxim "Above all, do no harm."

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These proceedings from the 2009 CTSI conference provide the most prestigious forum in the world for leading clean tech scientists. The papers from the conference have been compiled into one easy-to-use CD-ROM to create the most authoritative and comprehensive compendium available across all of clean technology. The CD covers bioenergy fuels, photovoltaics, wind energy, geothermal energy, green buildings, smart grid, fuel cells, hydrogen technology, green chemistry, sustainable industry practices, storage technologies, and energy policies.

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These proceedings from the 2009 NSTI Nanotech conference provide the most prestigious forum in the world for leading nano scientists. The papers from the conference have been compiled into three volumes to create the most authoritative and comprehensive compendium available across all of nanotechnology. Including the latest information on industrial development, investments, and ventures, each volume explores cutting-edge research and applications. Volume II covers various aspects of cancer treatment, biomarkers, nanoparticles, drug delivery systems, nanobiotechnology, nanomedicine, nanoneurology, sensors, and soft nanotechnology.

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Based on the authors’ groundbreaking research, Automated EEG-Based Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders: Inventing the Future of Neurology presents a research ideology, a novel multi-paradigm methodology, and advanced computational models for the automated EEG-based diagnosis of neurological disorders. It is based on the ingenious integration of three different computing technologies and problem-solving paradigms: neural networks, wavelets, and chaos theory. The book also includes three introductory chapters that familiarize readers with these three distinct paradigms. After extensive research and the discovery of relevant mathematical markers, the authors present a methodology for epilepsy diagnosis and seizure detection that offers an exceptional accuracy rate of 96 percent. They examine technology that has the potential to impact and transform neurology practice in a significant way. They also include some preliminary results towards EEG-based diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. The methodology presented in the book is especially versatile and can be adapted and applied for the diagnosis of other brain disorders. The senior author is currently extending the new technology to diagnosis of ADHD and autism. A second contribution made by the book is its presentation and advancement of Spiking Neural Networks as the seminal foundation of a more realistic and plausible third generation neural network.

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With the environment, climate change, and global warming taking center stage in the national debate, the issues seem insurmountable and certainly unsolvable at the local level. Written by Chris Maser, international consultant on forest ecology, sustainable forestry practices, and sustainable development, Social-Environmental Planning: The Design Interface Between Everyforest and Everycity focuses on community based solutions, emphasizing how the heavy lifting of sustainability will always be done inside existing cities and communities. Based on the author’s forty years of experience, the book covers the sustainability of the planet and its population when dealing with climate change. The book provides an in-depth understanding of the commonalities of pattern between Everyforest and Everycity. Maser suggests that before changes can be made, society must adapt to the circumstances of global climate change as they already are, and then determine what we can do to stabilize global climate as effectively and quickly as possible. He explores the reciprocal interface between communities and the landscape and how, when this interface is recognized and understood, it can create solutions that work. With this comprehension, people can adapt to the present and begin determining what they can do now to leave the planet a little better for each generation.

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Written in easy-to-understand language with illustrative designs and examples, Electronics Engineering covers all aspects of electronics fundamentals. It begins with semiconductors and diodes, the simplest form of semiconductor device. It goes on to examine the bipolar junction transistor (BJT), field effect transistor (FET), operational amplifier (Op-Amp), switching theory and logic design (STLD), and electronics instruments. Each chapter provides a summary and a series of questions for exercise purposes, helping readers to test their assimilation of the material.

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Energy-Aware Memory Management for Embedded Multimedia Systems: A Computer-Aided Design Approach presents recent computer-aided design (CAD) ideas that address memory management tasks, particularly the optimization of energy consumption in the memory subsystem. It explains how to efficiently implement CAD solutions, including theoretical methods and novel algorithms. The book covers various energy-aware design techniques, including data-dependence analysis techniques, memory size estimation methods, extensions of mapping approaches, and memory banking approaches. It shows how these techniques are used to evaluate the data storage of an application, reduce dynamic and static energy consumption, design energy-efficient address generation units, and much more.Providing an algebraic framework for memory management tasks, this book illustrates how to optimize energy consumption in memory subsystems using CAD solutions. The algorithmic style of the text should help electronic design automation (EDA) researchers and tool developers create prototype software tools for system-level exploration, with the goal to ultimately obtain an optimized architectural solution of the memory subsystem.

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This text provides a lucid introduction to the theory of elasticity as applied to isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated structures. Taking an application-oriented approach, the authors clearly emphasize the need for rigorous analysis and illustrate its utility for a variety of problems. The simultaneous treatment of comparable isotropic and orthotropic problems enables readers to easily visualize the changes in structural behavior due to material orthotropy. Suitable as a textbook for graduate students in engineering, the book is also an invaluable self-study aid for practicing engineers.

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The challenges in implementing intelligent and autonomous software systems remain the development of self-adapting systems, self-healing applications, corporate global creation, and collaborated robotic teams. With software agent technology widely recognized as a key approach in implementing such global infrastructure, the importance of the role of quality assurance of agent-based systems and system development is growing daily.Based on the authors’ more than fifteen years of experience in software agent technology, Quality of Agent-Based and Self-Managed Systems presents the basics principles and structures of agent technology. It covers the main quality issues of software system development and provides examples of agent measurement and evaluation. The authors focus on software agent systems and multi-agent systems (MAS) and discuss the determination of quality properties. They also explain different techniques and approaches to evaluate the development of MAS. The final chapter summarizes quality assurance approaches for agent-based systems and discusses some open problems and future directions.Although often complex and difficult to manage, the applications for software agent systems in essential life systems increase every day. Since the quality of the agent-based self-managing systems is a central point of software risks, analyzing, evaluating, and improving the quality measurement situation will always be a concern when developing these systems. With more than sixty illustrations and twenty tables, this book builds a foundation in quality and quality control for agent-based technology.

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In this complete and thorough update of Arthur Boucot’s seminal work, Evolutionary Paleobiology of Behavior and Coevolution, Boucot is joined by George Poinar, who provides additional expertise and knowledge on protozoans and bacteria as applied to disease. Together, they make the Fossil Behavior Compendium wider in scope, covering all relevant animal and plant groups and all epochs, and providing a detailed review of animal and plant fossil behavior in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Fossil behavior encompasses not only past evidence of the life history of an organism but also behavioral, predation, and symbiotic interactions, including parasitism. This book compares patterns of behavior and coevolution in the past with those of the present-day descendants. It also discusses how to evaluate the rates of evolution of behavior and coevolution at various taxonomic levels. The compendium emphasizes the interactions between fossils and compares these interactions with present-day counterparts. It also provides new discussions on topics related to fossils in amber. Keeping Boucot’s trademark, easy-to-read style, the book includes new findings never published previously, reports not easily accessed, numerous examples, 40 tables, 285 illustrations—some published here for the first time—and a four-page color insert. The book provides a concise account of the evidence for varied disease types recognized to date in the fossil record.

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With recent advances in radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology, sensor networks, and enhanced Web services, the original World Wide Web is continuing its evolution into what is being called the Web of Things and Services. Such a Web will support an ultimately interactive environment where everyday physical objects such as buildings, sidewalks, and commodities become recognizable, addressable, and even controllable via a mostly ubiquitous Web. This integration of the physical and virtual worlds will fundamentally impact the way we live and in doing so afford tremendous new business opportunities with great human benefit, such as support services to keep the elderly independent, and intelligent traffic management that will cut wasted hours from every day. More efficient supply chains, improved environmental monitoring, better access to health services … the list is endless.Enabling Context-Aware Web Services: Methods, Architectures, and Technologies compiles the newest developments and advances driving this new age forward. With contributions from leading researchers across the world this pioneering work bridges the gap between context-awareness and Web services. A comprehensive presentation of what’s already accomplished and what is possible, the chapters of this book are systematically organized into three major sections: Methods focuses on the principle of context awareness in Web services and various ways to model those services at the specification level. Architectures details the infrastructures, frameworks, and standards needed to build context-aware Web services. Technologies presents a cornucopia of techniques adapted from once isolated research areas including semantic Web, database, and artificial intelligence development, as well as formal methods being employed to improve the development of context-aware Web services. Researchers, engineers, entrepreneurs, and educators across any number of fields will find new ideas worth considering, jumping-off points for developing improved software and applications, and seeds for business ventures that efficiently deliver needed products, information, or services. The possibilities are as limitless as we dare to imagine.

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Present worldwide funding in organic electronics is poised to stimulate major research and development efforts in organic materials research for lighting, photovoltaic, and other optoelectronic applications. The field of organic spintronics, in particular, has flourished in the area of organic magneto-transport. Reflecting the main avenues of substantial advances in this arena, Organic Spintronics is an up-to-date summary of the experimental and theoretical aspects of the field.With contributions by a panel of international experts on the cutting edge of research, this volume explores: Spin injection and manipulation in organic spin valves The magnetic field effect in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) The spin transport effect in relation to spin manipulation Organic magnets as spin injection electrodes in organic spintronics devices The coherent control of spins in organic devices using the technique of electronically detected magnetic resonance The possibility of using organic spin valves as sensors Balancing practical experimentation with analytical constructs, the book covers both the theoretical aspects of spin injection, transport, and detection in organic spin valves as well as the underlying mechanism of the magnetoresistance and magneto-electroluminescence in OLEDs. The first book of its kind on this specialized area, this volume is destined to provide researchers and students with the impetus to develop new channels of inquiry in an area that has almost limitless potential.

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Most books on network planning and optimization provide limited coverage of either GSM or WCDMA techniques. Few scrape the surface of HSPA, and even fewer deal with TD-SCDMA. Filling this void, Evolved Cellular Network Planning and Optimization for UMTS and LTE presents an accessible introduction to all stages of planning and optimizing UMTS, HSPA, and LTE cellular networks. Supplying a comprehensive explanation of the fundamental aspects of current and future cellular networks, the text starts with an overview of each type of network, including basic techniques and channel models. Next, it examines the challenges operators and vendors are likely to face—explaining the critical role network planning and optimization play in addressing these challenges. The book details effective system-level simulation methods, it also provides: A complete overview of UMTS, HSPA, and LTE networks Techniques for planning and optimizing cellular networks An examination of inter-operation issues with existing cellular networks Coverage of the challenges in deploying LTE and relay networks In addition to exploring the procedures for planning and optimizing each type of network, the text covers techniques for major mechanisms, trending, troubleshooting, and conducting radio performance analysis. Paying special attention to compatibility issues among these networks, this book provides the understanding required to deploy and optimize networks that meet the growing demands for mobile data solutions.

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Given silicon’s versatile material properties, use of low-cost silicon photonics continues to move beyond light-speed data transmission through fiber-optic cables and computer chips. Its application has also evolved from the device to the integrated-system level. A timely overview of this impressive growth, Silicon Photonics for Telecommunications and Biomedicine summarizes state-of-the-art developments in a wide range of areas, including optical communications, wireless technologies, and biomedical applications of silicon photonics. With contributions from world experts, this reference guides readers through fundamental principles and focuses on crucial advances in making commercial use of silicon photonics a viable reality in the telecom and biomedical industries. Taking into account existing and anticipated industrial directions, the book balances coverage of theory and practical experimental research to explore solutions for obstacles to the viable commercialization of silicon photonics. The book’s special features include: A section on silicon plasmonic waveguides Detailed coverage of novel III-V applications A chapter on 3D integration Discussion of applications for energy harvesting/photovoltaics This book reviews the most important technological trends and challenges. It presents topics involving major silicon photonics applications in telecommunications, high-power photonics, and biomedicine. It includes discussion of silicon plasmonic waveguides, piezoelectric tuning of silicon’s optical properties, and applications of two-photon absorption. Expert authors with industry research experience examine the challenge of hybridizing III-V compound semiconductors on silicon to achieve monolithic light sources. They also address economic compatibility and heat dissipation issues in CMOS chips, challenges in designing electronic photonics in

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A Practical Roadmap to IPT IntegrationFrom baby formula and peanut butter, to E. coli-tainted peppers and salmonella-tainted pistachios, no food product or means of its production is immune to risks. And while these risks may never be fully eliminated, identity preservation and traceability (IPT) systems make it easier to determine the source and extent of contamination, thereby reducing the often deadly consequences. With a core emphasis on grain, this encyclopedic reference documents the state-of-the-science throughout the entire food chain in both domestic and international markets as it relates to food safety and economics. The book provides a cohesive introduction to IPT systems and summarizes the programs currently available, in effect developing a conceptual model of IPT at the producer level.Addresses the History, Theory, and Design ComponentsBeginning with an informative history of IPT, the book continues with examples of IPT programs and standards of official seed organizations. It then provides a sampling of government, industry, and company approaches toward IPT systems throughout the past two decades. For ease of use as a reference, most chapters begin with a brief description of the essentials necessary to understand the chapter’s contents allowing readers to jump right in, rather than having to read chapters in sequential order.Providing an in-depth understanding of the complexity of IPT systems, the rules they function under, and how they are shaped and modified, this valuable resource effectively demonstrates why IPT is a critical practice for food safety.

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"an impressive text that addresses a glaring gap in the teaching of physical chemistry, being specifically focused on biologically-relevant systems along with a practical focus…. the ample problems and tutorials throughout are much appreciated." –Tobin R. Sosnick, Professor and Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago"Presents both the concepts and equations associated with statistical thermodynamics in a unique way that is at visual, intuitive, and rigorous. This approach will greatly benefit students at all levels." –Vijay S. Pande, Henry Dreyfus Professor of Chemistry, Stanford University"a masterful tour de force…. Barrick's rigor and scholarship come through in every chapter."–Rohit V. Pappu, Edwin H. Murty Professor of Engineering, Washington University in St. LouisThis book provides a comprehensive, contemporary introduction to developing a quantitative understanding of how biological macromolecules behave using classical and statistical thermodynamics. The author focuses on practical skills needed to apply the underlying equations in real life examples. The text develops mechanistic models, showing how they connect to thermodynamic observables, presenting simulations of thermodynamic behavior, and analyzing experimental data. The reader is presented with plenty of exercises and problems to facilitate hands-on learning through mathematical simulation.Douglas E. Barrick is a professor in the Department of Biophysics at Johns Hopkins University. He earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry from Stanford University, and a Ph.D. in biophysics and structural biology from the University of Oregon.

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The Algebra of Organic Synthesis combines the aims, philosophies, and efforts involved in organic synthesis, reaction optimization, and green chemistry with techniques for determining quantitatively just how "green" synthesis plans are. It provides the first complete quantitative description of synthesis strategy analysis in the context of green chemistry and reaction optimization. Providing what is perhaps the first complete description of synthesis strategy analysis, this book: Explores quantitative material efficiency for synthesizing molecules, including 1,000+ worked out synthesis plans to important target molecules Explains, in simple language, the most useful ideas in graph theory that have direct application in organic synthesis Reinforces the value of simple mathematical analysis in organic synthesis to help any synthetics or process chemist understand presented ideas and apply them to their own work Illustrates concepts with example target plans to classical targets that are considered milestones in synthetic chemistry, from pharmaceuticals, industrial commodity chemicals, dyestuffs, agrichemicals, flavorings, natural products, and molecules of theoretical interest The accompanying additional resources include a reproduction of the tables in the book, with direct electronic links to files for all plans. Files contain a list of references for each plan, including secondary references for the synthesis of starting materials if applicable. Ancillary materials also include a complete synthesis scheme with fully balanced chemical equations, a synthesis tree, a summary of green metrics parameters, a target bond map and list of reagents that end up in the target molecule, and a series of graphs that offer a visual depiction of the plan performance.

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Carefully separating the essential from the ornamental, Essentials of Control Techniques and Theory presents the nuts and bolts for designing a successful controller. It discusses the theory required to support the art of designing a working controller as well as the various aspects to convince a client, employer, or examiner of your expertise.A Compelling Account of the Basics of Control TheoryControl solutions for practicing engineersUsing the author’s own Javascript On-Line Learning Interactive Environment for Simulation (Jollies), the text relies on computer-based graphical analysis methods, such as Nyquist, Nichols, root locus, and phase-plane, to illustrate how useful computer simulation can be for analyzing both linear and nonlinear systems. It explains step-by-step the design and modeling of various control systems, including discrete time systems and an inverted pendulum. Along with offering many web-based simulations, the book shows how mathematics, such as vectors, matrices, and the differential equations that govern state variables, can help us understand the concepts that underpin the controller’s effects. From frequency domain analysis to time-domain state-space representation, this book covers many aspects of classical and modern control theory. It presents important methods for designing and analyzing linear systems and controllers.

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Tasked by the Clean Water Act to restore and maintain the integrity of their waters, state and local governments must develop systems for assessing the health of the streams within their borders. They quickly find that one size does not fit all when it comes to sampling. Rapid Bioassessment of Stream Health examines the sampling techniques, laboratory methods, and data analysis necessary to create a protocol for analyzing the health of streams, using rapid bioassessment techniques. The editors explore how to determine reference streams in each ecoregion and subecoregion with specific indices of health. They provide field methods for monitoring and sampling invertebrates and laboratory methods for subsampling. The work focuses on the application of the EPA’s Rapid Bioassessment Protocol (RBP) but suggests various techniques that can be used to improve sampling protocols and quality control, where necessary. It also includes general listings of health classifications, appendices of more than 300 streams that have been sampled, and a GIS method for designating the reference condition for purposes of comparison in each ecological unit. Although the EPA’s RBP Manual is considered to be the standard of information on the types of metrics that can be used, this book explores, from a state regulatory standpoint, the practical development of such a system to begin compliance with critical sections of the Clean Water Act. A compendium of information about prioritizing those streams and small rivers requiring analysis, this book contains guidelines on the assessment of streams in a particular ecoregion and sampling streams that are at least impaired as points of comparison. It supplies guidance for the production of other rapid bioassessment tools customized to various ecoregions and subecoregions.

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While many books are dedicated to individual aspects of nanofabrication, there is no single source that defines and explains the total vision of the field. Filling this gap, Nanofabrication Handbook presents a unique collection of new and the most important established approaches to nanofabrication. Contributors from leading research facilities and academic institutions around the world define subfields, offer practical instructions and examples, and pave the way for future research.Helping readers to select the proper fabricating technique for their experiments, the book provides a broad vision of the most critical problems and explains how to solve them. It includes basic definitions and introduces the main underlying concepts of nanofabrication. The book also discusses the major advantages and disadvantages of each approach and offers a wide variety of examples of cutting-edge applications.Each chapter focuses on a particular method or aspect of study. For every method, the contributors describe the underlying theoretical basis, resolution, patterns and substrates used, and applications. They show how applications at the nanoscale require a different process and understanding than those at the microscale. For each experiment, they elucidate key solutions to problems relating to materials, methods, and surface considerations.A complete resource for this rapidly emerging interdisciplinary field, this handbook provides practical information for planning the experiments of any project that employs nanofabrication techniques. It gives readers a foundation to enter the complex world of nanofabrication and inspires the scientific community at large to push the limits of nanometer resolution.

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Considerable interest has developed in recent years in crucifers and particularly in their wild relatives, as they contain genetic material that may be utilized for further evolution of superior crop varieties through introgression and distant hybridization. Until now, there has been no single volume that focuses exclusively on the biology and breeding aspects of the wild brassica species. Bringing together contributions of leading international experts, Biology and Breeding of Crucifers provides a unique perspective on this species which is so important to research in crop genetics.This treatise begins by exploring the systematics and phylogenies of wild crucifers. Supported by sharp close-up photos and descriptions to assist in identification of wild crucifers, the book further examines breeding methods, self-incompatibility, male sterility, germination, viability of seeds, and plant-insect interactions. Detailed accounts of comparative cytogenetics, distant hybridization, and the role of phytoalexins are also presented.The book contains comprehensive discussions on floral variations, biotechnology, and haploidy breeding. Reflecting the concern of botanists and plant genetic engineers in enhancing rapeseed-mustard production, the contributors also examine genetic improvement of vegetable crucifers, industrial products from wild crucifers, and the preservation and maintenance of plant genetic resources.The information contained in this text will assist researchers in developing ways to increase genetic variability among brassicas, improve crop productivity and quality, and adopt synergistic approaches to ensure food and nutritional security worldwide.

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