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The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing worldwide, and the search for better management of these diseases and even for a cure is being pursued by scientists from many disciplines. Tools from the areas of genetics, neuroscience, cell biology, virology, and infectious disease are being applied to the problem and are yielding useful results. This volume contains the first section of the proceedings of a large, comprehensive meeting held in Sorrento, Italy. Because the meeting focused on such an important area of human health, four volumes have been dedicated to it: Part A presents new principles in autoimmunity, including the roles of key players such as designed ankyrin repeat proteins, SLAM-associated protein, interleukin-12, human proteinase 3, the complement system, IgG, disturbances in cytokine synthesis, and IFN-γ blockers. The second section of the volume takes a look at new diagnostic tools, including screening of endothelial expression libraries, electrical skin impedance, and IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody assays. Autoimmunity, Part B continues the presentation of basic research and its applications with a focus on genetics. Parts C and D present the clinical research in various manifestations of autoimmune disease and its treatments. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member

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The use of forensic entomology has become established as a global science. Recent efforts in the field bridge multiple disciplines including, but not limited to, microbiology, chemistry, genetics, and systematics as well as ecology and evolution. The first book of its kind, Forensic Entomology: International Dimensions and Frontiers provides an inclusive summary of worldwide research on this body of knowledge that integrates aspects of a wide range of scientific realms.The book first reviews the history of forensic entomology, its accomplishments, and future challenges in nations around the world. It then provides perspectives of other scientific disciplines that are shaping the questions being addressed in the field. With an emphasis on medicolegal investigations, the book: Provides countrywide and regionally relevant syntheses on the current state and future of forensic entomology worldwide Presents insight from up-and-coming entomologists who offer new perspectives on the field while acknowledging their predecessors’ contributions and foundational work Highlights both established and newly emerging areas of forensic entomology research that provide the foundation and future of this exciting discipline Discusses the success of forensic entomology and identifies key challenges to current work and practice Supplies an internationally cohesive perspective to emerging multidisciplinary dimensions and frontiers of forensic entomology The book is designed to provide readers with a firm appreciation of the history of forensic entomology and the scientists who built its foundation in each of the countries presented. In doing so, it is destined to inspire new and exciting global collaboration among established researchers and newcomers to the field.

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The Science Fiction Handbook offers a comprehensive and accessible survey of one of the literary world's most fascinating genres. Includes separate historical surveys of key subgenres including time-travel narratives, post-apocalyptic and post-disaster narratives and works of utopian and dystopian science fiction Each subgenre survey includes an extensive list of relevant critical readings, recommended novels in the subgenre, and recommended films relevant to the subgenre Features entries on a number of key science fiction authors and extensive discussion of major science fiction novels or sequences Writers and works include Isaac Asimov; Margaret Atwood; George Orwell; Ursula K. Le Guin; The War of the Worlds (1898); Starship Troopers (1959); Mars Trilogy (1993-6); and many more A 'Science Fiction Glossary' completes this indispensable Handbook

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The latest tools and techniques for addressing the challenges of 21st century power generation, renewable sources and distribution systems Renewable energy technologies and systems are advancing by leaps and bounds, and it’s only a matter of time before renewables replace fossil fuel and nuclear energy sources. Written for practicing engineers, researchers and students alike, this book discusses state-of-the art mathematical and engineering tools for the modeling, simulation and control of renewable and mixed energy systems and related power electronics. Computational methods for multi-domain modeling of integrated energy systems and the solution of power electronics engineering problems are described in detail. Chapters follow a consistent format, featuring a brief introduction to the theoretical background, a description of problems to be solved, as well as objectives to be achieved. Multiple block diagrams, electrical circuits, and mathematical analysis and/or computer code are provided throughout. And each chapter concludes with discussions of lessons learned, recommendations for further studies, and suggestions for experimental work. Key topics covered in detail include: Integration of the most usual sources of electrical power and related thermal systems Equations for energy systems and power electronics focusing on state-space and power circuit oriented simulations MATLAB® and Simulink® models and functions and their interactions with real-world implementations using microprocessors and microcontrollers Numerical integration techniques, transfer-function modeling, harmonic analysis, and power quality performance assessment MATLAB®/Simulink®, Power Systems Toolbox, and PSIM for the simulation of power electronic circuits, including for renewable energy sources such as wind and solar sources Written by distinguished experts in the field, Integration of Renewable Sources of Energy, 2nd Edition is a valuable working resource for practicing engineers interested in power electronics, power systems, power quality, and alternative or renewable energy. It is also a valuable text/reference for undergraduate and graduate electrical engineering students.

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Focusing on state-of-the-art biological testing and methods used for aquatic ecosystem health assessment, Ecotoxicological Testing of Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems evaluates the latest bioassay techniques and different types of water and sediment quality assessments. The book also explores multi-tiered approaches to making recommendations for the preservation, enhancement, and restoration of ecosystem functions as well as risk perception and communication strategies for investigators, policy makers, government agencies, and the public.The book examines the use of selective biosensors, bioassays, bioaccumulation modeling, biomarkers, gene expression analysis, and other techniques that enable scientists to measure cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular effects of low-level contaminants on various organisms and evaluate changes caused by over-exploitation, habitat modification, catchment run-off, polluting emissions, and even global warming. The chapters describe various ways to assess species diversity, organism population trends, and exposure routes to reveal tangible consequences of sediment or water toxicity. A chapter is dedicated to the role of remote sensing technologies in monitoring, prediction, and management of changes within coastal ecosystems, along with improvements in information technology and data processing that allow for the assessment of spatial variability. The last chapter summarizes the current status of techniques and strategies. Several appendices highlight the strengths and limitations of various techniques and provide references to additional literature.Contributed by leading field experts, this book is useful for post-graduate students, researchers, and regulatory professionals involved in environmental toxicology, ecosystem health, ecology, pollution monitoring, and freshwater and marine science. Ecotoxicological Testing of Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems: Emerging Techniques, Trends and Strategies presents new possibilities for prognostic tools that can be used for early detection systems and integrative approaches that foster informed decision-making consisting of evidence-based risk assessments for remediation, treatment, and maintenance in environmental and resource management

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This is the first text to systematically review the evidence for obstetric anesthesia and analgesia. Evidence-based practice is now being embraced worldwide as a requirement for all clinicians; in the everyday use of anesthesia and analgesia for childbirth, anesthetists will find this synthesis of the best evidence an invaluable resource to inform their practice. Contributions from anesthetic specialists trained in the skills of systematic reviewing provide a comprehensive and practical guide to best practice in normal and caesarean section childbirth. This book, coming from one of the world’s leading obstetric centers and the cradle of evidence-based medicine, is a much needed addition to the obstetric anesthesia literature.

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Beginning to End Hunger presents the story of Belo Horizonte, home to 2.5 million people and one of the world's most successful city food security programs. Since its Municipal Secretariat for Food Security was founded in 1993, malnutrition in Belo Horizonte has declined dramatically, allowing it to serve as an inspiration for Brazil's renowned Zero Hunger programs. The Municipal Secretariat's work with local small family farmers also offers a glimpse of how food security, rural livelihoods, and healthy ecosystems can be supported together. While inevitably imperfect, Belo Horizonte offers a vision of the path away from food system dysfunction, unsustainability, and hunger. The author's case study shows the vital importance of holistic approaches to food security, offers ideas on how to design successful policies to end hunger, and lays out strategies for how to make policy change happen. With these tools, we can take the next steps towards achieving similar reductions in hunger and food insecurity elsewhere in the developed and developing worlds.

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Presents a complete coverage of all aspects of the theory and practice of pavement design including the latest concepts.

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Offering a new perspective on a growing field, the text explores the many hardware implications of fuzzy logic based circuits. As use of AI increases, so the VLSI area of circuits is becoming a growth subject. The text surveys fuzzy set theory before moving on to cover a range of nonstandard solutions for fuzzy logic VLSI circuits. An overview of future trends is included plus practical examples from the authors' research which will enhance the reader's understanding of the topic. This is the first book on hardware aspects of fuzzy systems which offers a mixture of classical work and the authors' new perspective.

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This standard textbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the direct and indirect impacts of air pollution on plant life. Written by an international team of experts, the book covers the main historical aspects and sources of pollutants, atmospheric transport and transformations of pollutants, and issues of global change and the use of science in air pollution policy formulation. * covers all the main phytotoxic pollutants with due consideration given to impacts at all levels of plant organisation from molecular to ecological. * emphasises the effects of air pollutants in altering plant response to common stresses, both abiotic and biotic - fields in which considerable progress has been made since publication of the first edition. * includes coverage of how research leads to pollution control policy development. Essential reading for students in Environmental Science, Biological Science and Agriculture, as well as environmental consultants and professionals involved in air quality research and the application of air quality guidelines and advice.

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This is an advanced modern textbook on thermal stresses. It serves a wide range of readers, in particular, graduate and postgraduate students, scientists, researchers in various industrial and government institutes, and engineers working in mechanical, civil, and aerospace engineering. This volume covers diverse areas of applied mathematics, continuum mechanics, stress analysis, and mechanical design. This work treats a number of topics not presented in other books on thermal stresses, for example: theory of coupled and generalized thermoelasticity, finite and boundary element method in generalized thermoelasticity, thermal stresses in functionally graded structures, and thermal expansions of piping systems.The book starts from basic concepts and principles, and these are developed to more advanced levels as the text progresses. Nevertheless, some basic knowledge on the part of the reader is expected in classical mechanics, stress analysis, and mathematics, including vector and cartesian tensor analysis.This 2nd enhanced edition includes a new chapter on Thermally Induced Vibrations. The method of stiffness is added to Chapter 7. The variational principle for the Green-Lindsay and Green-Naghdi models have been added to Chapter 2 and equations of motion and compatibility equations in spherical coordinates to Chapter 3. Additional problems at the end of chapters were added.

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Contents:Introduction, BibliographyOn the Sects for BeginnersAn Outline of EmpiricismOn Medical ExperienceIndex of the Persons Mentioned in the TextsIndex of the Subjects Mentioned in the Texts

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'As unforgettable as Hans Christian Andersen's "The Snow Queen" . . . a whirlingly imaginative storyline full of wonder and hope as well as warning.' - The TimesM. G. Leonard's story of a brave girl and her reindeer friend, who try to save her brother, is the perfect winter treat. The Ice Children is an exciting, modern, magical mystery adventure by the author of Beetle Boy, Adventures on Trains and the Twitchers series.Gorgeous coloured endpapers, and black-and-white illustrations throughout by Penny Neville-Lee make this hardback a perfect read for the whole family.At the stroke of midnight on the dawn of December, five-year-old Finn Albedo is found frozen on a pedestal of ice. His heart is beating, he is smiling, but no one can wake him.Finn’s big sister, Bianca, suspects that the tall mysterious stranger who first discovered Finn knows more than they will admit? Bianca's quest to discover the truth and rescue her little brother hurls her into a fantastical winter wonderland, full of beauty, danger and irresistible spirit animals, where all is not as it seems.

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The creation of affordable high speed optical communications using standard semiconductor manufacturing technology is a principal aim of silicon photonics research. This would involve replacing copper connections with optical fibres or waveguides, and electrons with photons. With applications such as telecommunications and information processing, light detection, spectroscopy, holography and robotics, silicon photonics has the potential to revolutionise electronic-only systems. Providing an overview of the physics, technology and device operation of photonic devices using exclusively silicon and related alloys, the book includes: Basic Properties of Silicon Quantum Wells, Wires, Dots and Superlattices Absorption Processes in Semiconductors Light Emitters in Silicon Photodetectors , Photodiodes and Phototransistors Raman Lasers including Raman Scattering Guided Lightwaves Planar Waveguide Devices Fabrication Techniques and Material Systems Silicon Photonics: Fundamentals and Devices outlines the basic principles of operation of devices, the structures of the devices, and offers an insight into state-of-the-art and future developments.

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How does a solar cell work? How efficient can it be? Why do intricate patterns of metal lines decorate the surface of a solar module? How are the modules arranged in a solar farm? How can sunlight be stored during the day so that it can be used at night? And, how can a lifetime of more than 25 years be ensured in solar modules, despite the exposure to extreme patterns of weather? How do emerging machine-learning techniques assess the health of a solar farm? This practical book will answer all these questions and much more.Written in a conversational style and with over one-hundred homework problems, this book offers an end-to-end perspective, connecting the multi-disciplinary and multi-scale physical phenomena of electron-photon interaction at the molecular level to the design of kilometers-long solar farms. A new conceptual framework explains each concept in a simple, crystal-clear form. The novel use of thermodynamics not only determines the ultimate conversion efficiencies of the various solar cells proposed over the years, but also identifies the measurement artifacts and establishes practical limits by correlating the degradation modes. Extensive coverage of conceptual techniques already developed in other fields further inspire innovative designs of solar farms.This book will not only help you to make a solar cell, but it will help you make a solar cell better, to trace and reclaim the photons that would have been lost otherwise. Collaborations across multiple disciplines make photovoltaics real and given the concern about reducing the overall cost of solar energy, this interdisciplinary book is essential reading for anyone interested in photovoltaic technology.

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This is the first reader to gather primary sources from influential theorists of the late 20th and early 21st centuries in one place, presenting the wide-ranging and nuanced theoretical debates occurring in the field of religious studies. Each chapter focuses on a major theorist and contains: · an introduction contextualizing their key ideas · one or two selections representative of the theorist’s innovative methodological approach(es) · discussion questions to extend and deepen reader engagement Divided in three sections, the first part includes foundational comparative debates: · Mary Douglas’s articulation of purity and impurity · Phyllis Trible’s methods of reading sacred texts · Wendy Doniger’s comparative mythology · Catherine Bell’s reimagining of religious and secular ritual The second part focuses on methodological particularity: · Alice Walker's use of narrative · Charles Long’s critique of Eurocentricism · Caroline Walker Bynum’s emphasis on gender and materiality The third section focuses on expanding boundaries: · Gloria Anzaldúa’s work on borders and languages · Judith Butler’s critique of gender and sex norms · Saba Mahmood’s expansion on the critique of colonialism’s secularizing demands Reflecting the cultural turn and extending the existing canon, this is the anthology instructors have been waiting for. For further detail on the theorists discussed, please consult Cultural Approaches to Studying Religion: An Introduction to Theories and Methods, edited by Sarah J. Bloesch and Meredith Minister.

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Teacher Support material supports each set of books providing comprehensive support, for both the experienced and non-specialist teacher. A range of varied, challenging and tried and tested discussion exercises, puzzles, practicals, investigations and games are included. Pupils are encouraged to learn how topics interrelate with each other through the use of icons in the pupil books and references within the Teacher Support Files. Review and Test Yourself questions are included at the end of every chapter for flexible use.

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Shelley's suspenseful and intellectually rich gothic tale confronts some of the most important and enduring themes in all of literture--the power of human imagination, the potential hubris of science, the gulf between appearance and essence, the effects of human cruelty, the desire for revenge and the need for forgiveness, and much more. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

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Pronouncing English is a textbook for teaching English phonetics and phonology, offering an original "stress-based" approach while incorporating all the standard course topics. Drawing on current linguistic theory, it uniquely analyzes prosody first, and then discusses its effects on pronunciation-emphasizing suprasegmental features such as meter, stress, and intonation, then the vowels and consonants themselves. Distinguished by being the first work of its kind to be based on an exhaustive statistical analysis of all the lexical entries of an entire dictionary, Pronouncing English is complemented by a list of symbols and a glossary. Richard Teschner and M. Stanley Whitley present an improved description of English pronunciation and conclude each chapter with suggestions on how to do a better job of teaching it. An appendix with a brief introduction to acoustic phonetics-the basis for the perception vs. the production of sounds-is also included. Revolutionary in its field, Pronouncing English declares that virtually all aspects of English pronunciation-from the vowel system to the articulation of syllables, words, and sentences-are determined by the presence or absence of stress. The accompanying CD-ROM carries audio recordings of many of the volume's exercises, more than 100 text and sound files, and data files on which the statistical observations were based.

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Based on a 2013 survey, this report details the shopping habits of American 18- to 35-year-olds. With valuable input for retail and entertainment real estate developers, the report reveals the lifestyles and opinions of Generation Y responders that are most pertinent to real estate and that create a helpful portrait of this important consumer and client group. The findings include how Generation Y often goes out to eat in groups, enjoys shopping, and makes trips frequently as a form of entertainment—an experience that can’t be fully replicated online. Details on these results and more are part of this report that offers an edge on understanding this group of rising spenders.

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This book focuses heavily on the principles, analysis and applications of code-division multiple-access (CDMA) techniques in optical communication systems and networks. In this book, the authors intimately discuss modern optical networks and their applications in current and emerging communication technologies, evaluating the quality, speed and number of supported services. In particular, principles and fundamentals of optical CDMA techniques from beginner to advanced levels are heavily covered. Furthermore, the authors concentrate on methods and techniques of various encoding and decoding schemes and their structures, as well as analysis of optical CDMA systems with various transceiver models including advanced multi-level incoherent and coherent modulations with the architecture of access/aggregation networks in mind. Moreover, authors examine intriguing topics of optical CDMA networking, compatibility with IP networks, and implementation of optical multi-rate multi-service CDMA networks. Key features: Expanded coverage of optical CDMA networks, starts from principles and fundamentals Comprehensive mathematical modelling and analysis from signal to system levels Addresses the applications of modern optical networking in the current and emerging communication technologies Greater focus on advanced optical multi-level incoherent and coherent modulations, spreading codes, and transceiver designs Detailed hardware specifications, system-level block diagrams, and network nodes’ functionalities This book appeals to researchers, practicing engineers, and advanced students. It is a practical resource for readers with an interest in optical communications and networks.

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