Search results for ""john wiley sons inc.""

The first part of this book is devoted to methods seeking relevant dimensions of data. The variables thus obtained provide a synthetic description which often results in a graphical representation of the data. After a general presentation of the discriminating analysis, the second part is devoted to clustering methods which constitute another method, often complementary to the methods described in the first part, to synthesize and to analyze the data. The book concludes by examining the links existing between data mining and data analysis.

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The different chapters of this book cover a large range of information regarding electrical actuators, including: synchronous and asynchronous machine modeling in order to measure and identify offline and online parameters using modern optimization methods; identification in real time of parameters with Luenberger filter and the extended Kalman filter; estimation of non-measurable variables, first by linear estimates and observers, then by lower observers. Robustness is a very problematic issue, as well, which is fully explored in a chapter dedicated to the subject. Finally, the estimate of non-measurable mechanical variables is particularly dealt with: estimate of load moment, then observation of the positioning of a command without mechanical sensor. The conditions to measure variables and real implementation of numerical algorithms are also examined with particular attention.

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This edited collection represents a selection of the papers presented at the 13th annual Euro-Asia Research Conference held on June 1 and 2, 2007 at the National University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan. The focus of the book, as the title suggests, provides an analysis of the impact of globalization on corporate structures and cultures in Asia. Within this broad theme different perspectives are examined. The objective is to contribute to enhancing knowledge on these matters in a fast-changing environment.

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Since the beginning of the century, electrical engineering technologies and applications have pervaded daily life and are present in the majority of everyday products, tools, and appliances. Increasingly these applications are becoming more prevalent in the automotive vehicle and products market. While change in this field has been relatively slow over the last ten last years, the pace of change is now beginning to accelerate and we are witnessing a wave driven by regulatory constraints and market laws which are sweeping away the last bastions of resistance. This book discusses both the historical and scientific issues surrounding the application of electrical technology in the automotive drives field, as well as potential future developments, such as hybrid vehicles and fuel cells. In the current context of energy conservation, pollution prevention, and carbon control, this book will provide an important and timely examination of a potentially enormous new market.

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This title focuses on the evolution of the modeling process and on new research perspectives in theoretical and applied geography, as well as spatial planning. In the last 50 years, the achievements of spatial analysis models opened the way to a new understanding of the relationship between society and geographical space. In this book, these models are confronted by the real conditions of territorial prospect, regional dynamism, cultural policy, HMO, and spatial segregation. This confrontation takes into account the instability of social behavior and the permanence of partial determinist trajectories.

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Sound is produced by vibrations and as such can be dampened or augmented based on materials selection. This title looks at the effects of sound and vibration on thin structures and details how damage may be avoided, acoustical effects created, and sound levels controlled.

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Scheduling is a broad research area and scheduling problems arise from several application domains (production systems, logistic, computer science, etc.). Solving scheduling problems requires tools of combinatorial optimization, exact or approximated algorithms. Flexibility is at the frontier between predictive deterministic approaches and reactive or "on-line" approaches. The purpose of flexibility is to provide one or more solutions adapted to the context of the application in order to provide the ideal solution. This book focuses on the integration of flexibility and robustness considerations in the study of scheduling problems. After considering both flexibility and robustness, it then covers various scheduling problems, treated with an emphasis on flexibility or robustness, or both.

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This title provides a comprehensive overview of elastoplasticity relating to soil and rocks. Following a general outline of the models of behavior and their internal structure, each chapter develops a different area of this subject relating to the author's particular expertise. The first half of the book concentrates on the elastoplasticity of soft soils and rocks, while the second half examines that of hard soils and rocks.

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For several decades researchers have tried to construct perception systems based on the registration data from video cameras. This work has produced various tools that have made recent advances possible in this area. Part 1 of this book deals with the problem of the calibration and auto-calibration of video captures. Part 2 is essentially concerned with the estimation of the relative object/capture position when a priori information is introduced (the CAD model of the object). Finally, Part 3 discusses the inference of density information and the shape recognition in images.

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Structural Dynamics in Industry focuses on the behavior of structures subjected to a vibrational or shock environment. It takes a systematic approach to the basic concepts in order to enhance the reader's understanding and to allow industrial structures to be covered with the necessary degree of depth. The developments are explained with a minimum of mathematics and are frequently illustrated with simple examples, while numerous industry case studies are also provided.

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Today's information technology, along with Artificial Intelligence (AI), is moving towards total communication between all computerized systems. AI is a representation of human intelligence based on the creation and application of algorithms in specific computer environments. Its aim is to enable computers to act like human beings. For it to work, this type of technology requires computer systems, data with management systems and advanced algorithms, used by AI. In mechanical engineering, AI can offer many possibilities: in mechanical construction, predictive maintenance, plant monitoring, robotics, additive manufacturing, materials, vibration control and agro composites, among many others. This book is dedicated to Artificial Intelligence uncertainties in mechanical problems. Each chapter clearly sets out used and developed illustrative examples. Aimed at students, Uncertainty and Artificial Intelligence is also a valuable resource for practicing engineers and research lecturers.

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Elasticity is absolutely necessary for living a normal life. This fact is cruelly revealed when respiratory, cardiac, digestive, sensory, motor, reproductive or aesthetic problems appear following the inexorable decline of our elastic capital. The protection and maintenance of this capital is one of life’s priorities since this declination begins at the age of twenty and accelerates in times of crises and pandemics. However, there are no therapies yet designed to remedy it. The first part of the book explains the consequences surrounding a lack of elasticity in the skin, the most visible decline, and then other defects in elasticity throughout our bodies, exploring places rarely mentioned. The second part describes the research fighting against elasticity anomalies and examines useful behaviors to protect our elastic capital (e.g. our diets and physical and cognitive activities). This last point is at the heart of current social debates on nutritional, behavioral, environmental and even ethical levels.

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This book illustrates a number of asymptotic and analytic approaches applied for the study of random evolutionary systems, and considers typical problems for specific examples. In this case, constructive mathematical models of natural processes are used, which more realistically describe the trajectories of diffusion-type processes, rather than those of the Wiener process. We examine models where particles have some free distance between two consecutive collisions. At the same time, we investigate two cases: the Markov evolutionary system, where the time during which the particle moves towards some direction is distributed exponentially with intensity parameter λ; and the semi-Markov evolutionary system, with arbitrary distribution of the switching process. Thus, the models investigated here describe the motion of particles with a finite speed and the proposed random evolutionary process with characteristics of a natural physical process: free run and finite propagation speed. In the proposed models, the number of possible directions of evolution can be finite or infinite.

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This book studies the way chronic and long-term illnesses are represented in media, and the issues and structures associated with them. It also examines the way in which patients define themselves, the relationships they form with their carers and the experiences of these carers themselves.The way in which the figure of the caregiver can be portrayed as a necessary support for the patient is also discussed. Testimonies from digital platforms, fictional universes, examples from everyday life and from public and private organizations provide insight into the relationships between patients, caregivers and carers.

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Data structures and algorithms is a fundamental course in Computer Science, which enables learners across any discipline to develop the much-needed foundation of efficient programming, leading to better problem solving in their respective disciplines. A Textbook of Data Structures and Algorithms is a textbook that can be used as course material in classrooms, or as self-learning material. The book targets novice learners aspiring to acquire advanced knowledge of the topic. Therefore, the content of the book has been pragmatically structured across three volumes and kept comprehensive enough to help them in their progression from novice to expert. With this in mind, the book details concepts, techniques and applications pertaining to data structures and algorithms, independent of any programming language. It includes 181 illustrative problems and 276 review questions to reinforce a theoretical understanding and presents a suggestive list of 108 programming assignments to aid in the implementation of the methods covered.

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Heat is a branch of thermodynamics that occupies a unique position due to its involvement in the field of practice. Being linked to the management, transport and exchange of energy in thermal form, it impacts all aspects of human life and activity. Heat transfers are, by nature, classified as conduction, convection (which inserts conduction into fluid mechanics) and radiation. The importance of these three transfer methods has resulted – justifiably – in a separate volume being afforded to each of them, with the subject of convection split into two volumes. This fourth volume is dedicated to convection, more specifically, the problem of particular convective transfers. Twophase convection is considered and a more recent and much lesser-known field is presented, that of phase change transfer. Particular significance is given to numerical applications, allowing the reader to handle orders of magnitude, an important point in all physics. Heat Transfer 4 combines a basic approach with a deeper understanding of the discipline and will therefore appeal to a wide audience, from technician to engineer, from doctoral student to teacher-researcher.

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Data structures and algorithms is a fundamental course in Computer Science, which enables learners across any discipline to develop the much-needed foundation of efficient programming, leading to better problem solving in their respective disciplines. A Textbook of Data Structures and Algorithms is a textbook that can be used as course material in classrooms, or as self-learning material. The book targets novice learners aspiring to acquire advanced knowledge of the topic. Therefore, the content of the book has been pragmatically structured across three volumes and kept comprehensive enough to help them in their progression from novice to expert. With this in mind, the book details concepts, techniques and applications pertaining to data structures and algorithms, independent of any programming language. It includes 181 illustrative problems and 276 review questions to reinforce a theoretical understanding and presents a suggestive list of 108 programming assignments to aid in the implementation of the methods covered.

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Nowadays, the Internet is becoming more and more complex due to an everincreasing number of network devices, various multimedia services and a prevalence of encrypted traffic. Therefore, in this context, this book presents a novel efficient multi modular troubleshooting architecture to overcome limitations related to encrypted traffic and high time complexity. This architecture contains five main modules: data collection, anomaly detection, temporary remediation, root cause analysis and definitive remediation. In data collection, there are two sub modules: parameter measurement and traffic classification. This architecture is implemented and validated in a software-defined networking (SDN) environment.

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Inequalities and other “social fractures” mark our contemporary economies and societies. While global approaches may have long been sufficient in the past, the focus today is on how local dynamics can make inclusion possible. This two-volume collective work reports on these local dynamics, shedding light on how the creation of inclusive territories can be envisaged and developed. To this end, the involvement of public, private and associative organizations has been identified as one of the conditions for success. In fact, they act both as partners in a territory and as inclusive spaces.Inclusive Territories 1 examines the approaches implemented by several organizations that have made inclusion their wider objective.

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This book is the third of four dealing with bioclimatic design and construction by focusing on the most basic and polyvalent of modern environmental systems: the bioclimatic greenhouse, the "Swiss-army chainsaw" of architecture. More specifically, this third volume focuses on how the envelope of bioclimatic wooden greenhouses may be designed and built. In more general terms, it helps us to consider how to design and build the transparent and opaque enclosures of bioclimatic, low-energy architecture, with low environmental impact. This multi-volume book covers both free-standing greenhouses that can naturally heat and cool themselves, and lean-to greenhouses that support the natural heating and cooling of buildings; this includes both agricultural greenhouses and greenhouses suited to host people. As a result, it is a trans-disciplinary work deriving its areas of concern from a broad range of study areas, spanning from environmental, to constructional, to structural, drawing the clarity of the approach from the fact that the topics are presented by a single author with a single voice and a designer's mindset. To achieve this, the book adopts a composite set of explanatory strategies and communication registers – including extensive support by 3D construction drawings and examples – and presents not only stateof-the-art solutions, but also experimental ones.

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Probabilistic modeling of system performance, built primarily on the foundation of reliability theory, is referred to as reliability-based modeling. This book progressively builds up the functional complexity of system modeling. It starts by modeling the simplest system that can be designed, and then moves to the functional modeling of the multi-state system, step-by-step. Reliability-based Modeling of System Performance deals with modeling the functioning of systems by presenting its concepts, methods and mathematical tools. It is accessible to engineering students and academics who have already acquired basic knowledge of probability theory, applied statistics, differential calculus, integrals, combinatorial calculus and Boolean algebra.

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Simulation technology, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in particular, is essential in the search for solutions to the modern challenges faced by humanity. Revolutions in CFD over the last decade include the use of unstructured meshes, permitting the modeling of any 3D geometry. New frontiers point to mesh adaptation, allowing not only seamless meshing (for the engineer) but also simulation certification for safer products and risk prediction.Mesh Adaptation for Computational Dynamics 2 is the second of two volumes and introduces topics including optimal control formulation, minimizing a goal function, and extending the steady algorithm to unsteady physics. Also covered are multi-rate strategies, steady inviscid flows in aeronautics and an extension to viscous flows.This book will be useful to anybody interested in mesh adaptation pertaining to CFD, especially researchers, teachers and students.

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Interfaces are present in most fluid mechanics problems. They not only denote phase separations and boundary conditions, but also thin flames and discontinuity waves. Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces 2 examines cases that involve one-dimensional or bi-dimensional manifolds, not only in gaseous and liquid physical states but also in subcritical fluids and in single- and multi-phase systems that may be pure or mixed.Chapter 1 addresses certain aspects of turbulence in discrete mechanics, briefly describing the physical model associated with discrete primal and dual geometric topologies before focusing on channel flow simulations at turbulence-inducing Reynolds numbers. Chapter 2 centers on atomization in an accelerating domain. In one case, an initial Kelvin–Helmholtz instability generates an acceleration field, in turn creating a Rayleigh–Taylor instability which ultimately determines the size of the droplets formed. Chapter 3 explores numerical studies of pipes with sudden contraction using OpenFOAM, and focuses on modeling that will be useful for engines and automobiles.Chapters 4 and 5 study the evaporation of droplets that are subject to high-frequency perturbations, a possible cause of instabilities in injection engines. The Heidmann model, which replaces the droplets in motion in a combustion chamber with a single continuously-fed droplet, is made more complex by considering the finite conduction heat transfer phenomenon. Finally, Chapter 6 is devoted to a study of the rotor blade surface of a Savonius wind turbine, considering both a non-stationary and a three-dimensional flow.

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Interfaces are present in most fluid mechanics problems. They not only denote phase separations and boundary conditions, but also thin flames and discontinuity waves. Fluid Mechanics at Interfaces 1 focuses on the science of interfaces, in particular, using various scientific methods of analysis relating to space, speed and time. Our investigation takes us from the microscopic or small scale (starting with molecular and nanoscopic scales) to the macroscopic (including meso and interstellar scales), and also explores the laws of interfaces (classical mechanics, quantum mechanics and relativistic mechanics).Chapter 1 examines the questions raised by modeling interfaces in the presence of one or more fluid phases. Chapter 2 discusses the action of turbulence in liquid–vapor flows that contain both small, dispersed bubbles as well as large bubbles, with heat exchanges at the interfaces. In addition, a new model is presented, using large eddy simulation (LES). Chapter 3 studies an original method for calculating the drag force and thermal transfers in flows around networks of spherical particles, while Chapter 4 focuses on the relationships between interfaces and critical fluids.Chapter 5 examines shearing, which causes anomalies in the Brownian motion of particles in strongly fluctuating near-critical mixtures, and Chapter 6 introduces basic concepts related to combustion interfaces, raising the question of the combustion of solids, before ending with a brief presentation of the Rankine–Hugoniot theory and a historical overview of the research carried out in the field of combustion.

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This book discusses the optimization of supply chains in the agri-food and animal industries, and focuses on the integration of technology and sustainability practices. It explores the use of emerging technologies like IoT, Blockchain and AI in supply chain management, and also addresses the need for resilient supply chains and strategies for risk management. Optimization in the Agri-Food Supply Chain provides an overview of various studies conducted in the field, including topics such as the impact of climate change, sustainable initiatives, inventory management activities and the dynamics of specific supply chain systems. It also discusses the use of underutilized crops, optimization techniques, forecasting methods, circular production and the role of open innovation in the food supply chain. Overall, the book aims to contribute to the knowledge on supply chain optimization and also provide insights and recommendations for enhancing efficiency and susta

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In order to describe soil–structure interaction in various situations (nonlinear, static, dynamic, hydro-mechanical couplings), this book gives an overview of the main modeling methods developed in geotechnical engineering. The chapters are centered around: the finite element method (FEM), the finite difference method (FDM), and the discrete element method (DEM). Deterministic Numerical Modeling of Soil–Structure Interaction allows the reader to explore the classical and well-known FEM and FDM, using interface and contact elements available for coupled hydro-mechanical problems.Furthermore, this book provides insight on the DEM, adapted for interaction laws at the grain level. Within a classical finite element framework, the concept of macro-element is introduced, which generalizes constitutive laws of SSI and is particularly straightforward in dynamic situations. Finally, this book presents the SSI, in the case of a group of structures, such as buildings in a town, using the notion of metamaterials and a geophysics approach.

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Today, hundreds of millions of people drink contaminated water without knowing it. Yet water treatment technologies can effectively eliminate contamination and can supply urban and rural populations with safe drinking water in a secure way. For almost two centuries, the huge number of treatments available to guarantee water quality has grown alongside technological progress, the strengthening of industry norms and the reinforcement of consumer expectations. New treatment methods have been developed according to the advancement of knowledge and new sanitary regulations. This five-volume book sets out to clearly present the variety of treatments available along with their performance, limitations and conditions of use as well as ways to combine them to produce safe drinking water, which is a basic need essential to everyday life. The author shares his expertise acquired at Veolia, a company that is a world leader in water services and sanitation, desalination of sea water and the recycling of wastewater. Founded in France in 1853 to bring safe water to populations and to protect them from waterborne epidemics which ravaged cities, its history is intertwined with that of water treatment.

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This book is dedicated to the study of the theory of electromagnetism. It is not intended to cover all aspects of the topic, but instead will give a certain perspective, that of its relationship with special relativity. Indeed, special relativity is intrinsic to electromagnetism; thus, this paradigm eliminates some false paradoxes. Electromagnetism also discusses the limit of classical mechanics, and covers problems that arise when phenomena related to the propagation of electromagnetic waves are encountered. These are problems that even the greatest scientists of the last two hundred years have not been able to entirely overcome. This book is directed towards the undergraduate level, and will also support the readers as they move on to advanced technical training, such as an engineering or master's degree.

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The digital transformation of companies is both a competitive challenge and a complex step for large groups and industries, and at the same time a tremendous opportunity. This transformation is entering a new dimension with the development of immersive technologies such as virtual reality, mixed reality and augmented reality, which are revolutionizing the way we generate content as well as visualize and interact with models and data.The challenges of innovation and digital transformation within companies are now converging. Research shows the potential that immersive technologies have to accelerate the first steps of the innovation process.The objective of this book is to provide a clear vision of the state of research on immersive technologies for design and to deliver practical recommendations for companies wishing to improve their innovation process.

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The sub-Antarctic islands are remote and isolated environments with original flora and fauna composed of a few species that are highly adapted to cold oceanic conditions. Their peculiar naturalness makes these ecosystems intrinsically fragile.This book focuses on terrestrial ecosystems and, in particular, on invertebrates - earthworms, mollusks, spiders and insects - that inhabit the French sub-Antarctic islands of the South Indian Ocean. All native and introduced species are presented in the form of individual fact sheets, which include the main identification criteria, geographical distribution and principal ecological traits. Numerous summary tables, distribution maps of introduced species, and a discussion on the originality and vulnerability of this fauna are also included.The Terrestrial Macroinvertebrates of the Sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen and Ile de la Possession is based on an expansive literature base, as well as on observations and photographs taken as part of a research program funded by the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV). The book also gives an important part to the history of the discoveries of the different species, as well as current conservation issues.

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As a society today, we are so dependent on systems-of-systems that any malfunction has devastating consequences, both human and financial. Their technical design, functional complexity and numerous interfaces justify a significant investment in testing in order to limit anomalies and malfunctions. Based on more than 40 years of practice, this book goes beyond the simple testing of an application – already extensively covered by other authors – to focus on methodologies, techniques, continuous improvement processes, load estimates, metrics and reporting, which are illustrated by a case study. It also discusses several challenges for the near future. Pragmatic and clear, this book displays many examples and references that will help you improve the quality of your systemsof-systems efficiently and effectively and lead you to identify the impact of upstream decisions and their consequences. Advanced Testing of Systems-of-Systems 2 deals with the practical implementation and use of the techniques and methodologies proposed in the first volume.

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As a society today, we are so dependent on systems-of-systems that any malfunction has devastating consequences, both human and financial. Their technical design, functional complexity and numerous interfaces justify a significant investment in testing in order to limit anomalies and malfunctions. Based on more than 40 years of practice in the development and testing of systems, including safety-critical systems, this book discusses development models, testing methodologies and techniques, and identifies their advantages and disadvantages. Pragmatic and clear, this book displays many examples and references that will help you improve the quality of your systemsof-systems efficiently and effectively and lead you to identify the impact of upstream decisions and their consequences. Advanced Testing of Systems-of-Systems 1 is complemented by a second volume dealing with the practical implementation and use of the techniques and methodologies proposed here.

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Industrial, economic and organizational mutations are creating a transformation in employment, skills and work. Developing the employability of the workforce is one response to these challenges. However, the link between mutations and employability is not obvious: it must be constructed and implemented in order to ensure that employees are able to reach satisfying professional situations. Employability and Industrial Mutations presents a definition of employability and the associated challenges for public authorities, organizations and employees: managing unemployment, successful change and employee empowerment. It then examines several worker profiles to better understand what "being employable" means. It goes on to analyze several examples of management systems for employability at different stages of an individual’s career, and finally explores the issue of developing or maintaining employability in real-life situations and contexts. This book brings together researchers and practitioners from a range of different fields in order to shed light on the complex relationship between mutations and employability.

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Every parent is concerned when a child is slow to become a mature adult. This is also true for any product designer, regardless of their industry sector. For a product to be mature, it must have an expected level of reliability from the moment it is put into service, and must maintain this level throughout its industrial use.While there have been theoretical and practical advances in reliability from the 1960s to the end of the 1990s, to take into account the effect of maintenance, the maturity of a product is often only partially addressed. Product Maturity 2 fills this gap as much as possible; a difficult exercise given that maturity is a transverse activity in the engineering sciences; it must be present throughout the lifecycle of a product.

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The main topic of this book is the recent development of on-board advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), which we can already tell will eventually contribute to the autonomous and connected vehicles of tomorrow.With the development of automated mobility, it becomes necessary to design a series of modules which, from the data produced by on-board or remote information sources, will enable the construction of a completely automated driving system. These modules are perception, decision and action. State-of-the-art AI techniques and their potential applications in the field of autonomous vehicles are described.Perception systems, focusing on visual sensors, the decision module and the prototyping, testing and evaluation of ADAS systems are all presented for effective implementation on autonomous and connected vehicles.This book also addresses cooperative systems, such as pedestrian detection, as well as the legal issues in the use of autonomous vehicles in open environments.

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One of the challenges of our modern society is to successfully reconcile growing energy demand, demographic and food pressure and ecological and environmental urgency.This book offers an update on a rapidly evolving subject, that of modern photovoltaic systems capable of combining the needs of energy and ecological transition. Although photovoltaic solar energy is a well-proven technical solution in terms of energy, its development can compete with agricultural land or natural sites.New solutions are emerging: the installation of photovoltaic parks on industrial wasteland; agrivoltaics, which reconcile agricultural activity and energy production on the same surface; and ecovoltaics, which make it possible to make use of the unused surfaces under solar panels by developing ecological solutions capable of providing services to nature. These innovations are part of the response to the need to preserve terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, halt the decline in animal and plant biodiversity and participate in the development of a new mode of sustainable development and green economy.

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This book - comprised of three separate volumes - presents the recent developments and research discoveries in structural and solid mechanics; it is dedicated to Professor Isaac Elishakoff. This first volume is devoted to the statics and stability of solid and structural members. Modern Trends in Structural and Solid Mechanics 1 has broad scope, covering topics such as: buckling of discrete systems (elastic chains, lattices with short and long range interactions, and discrete arches), buckling of continuous structural elements including beams, arches and plates, static investigation of composite plates, exact solutions of plate problems, elastic and inelastic buckling, dynamic buckling under impulsive loading, buckling and post-buckling investigations, buckling of conservative and non-conservative systems and buckling of micro and macro-systems. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers in the field of theoretical and applied mechanics.

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This book defines and elucidates the topic of smart "second skin" clothing, which must be flexible, washable, ironable, long-lasting and battery-free. We explore the possibilities for its use in fields such as health, well-being, sports and leisure. Smart Patches presents techniques that can be used within the limits established by regulations (EMC, normative, GDPR, ANSES, etc.) to help make smart clothing a marketable product at an affordable price. This book studies the creation and performance of various sensors and biosensors based on graphene materials and describes the functioning of Intra-Body Communications (IBC), as well as all the internal and external parameters involved in this type of technology. The performances and limits of these IBC and technologies are presented, together with concrete application examples.

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This book is the second of two volumes on random motions in Markov and semi-Markov random environments. This second volume focuses on high-dimensional random motions. This volume consists of two parts. The first expands many of the results found in Volume 1 to higher dimensions. It presents new results on the random motion of the realistic three-dimensional case, which has so far been barely mentioned in the literature, and deals with the interaction of particles in Markov and semi-Markov media, which has, in contrast, been a topic of intense study. The second part contains applications of Markov and semi-Markov motions in mathematical finance. It includes applications of telegraph processes in modeling stock price dynamics and investigates the pricing of variance, volatility, covariance and correlation swaps with Markov volatility and the same pricing swaps with semi-Markov volatilities.

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Innovation, in economic activity, in managerial concepts and in engineering design, results from creative activities, entrepreneurial strategies and the business climate. Innovation leads to technological, organizational and commercial changes, due to the relationships between enterprises, public institutions and civil society organizations. These innovation networks create new knowledge and contribute to the dissemination of new socio-economic and technological models, through new production and marketing methods. Innovation Economics, Engineering and Management Handbook 2 is the second of the two volumes that comprise this book. The main objectives across both volumes are to study the innovation processes in today�s information and knowledge society; to analyze how links between research and business have intensified; and to discuss the methods by which innovation emerges and is managed by firms, not only from a local perspective but also a global one. The studies presented in these two volumes contribute toward an understanding of the systemic nature of innovations and enable reflection on their potential applications, in order to think about the meaning of growth and prosperity

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Digital traces, whether digitized (programs, notebooks, drawings, etc.) or born digital (emails, websites, video recordings, etc.), constitute a major challenge for the memory of the ephemeral performing arts.Digital technology transforms traces into data and, in doing so, opens them up to manipulation. This paradigm shift calls for a renewal of methodologies for writing the history of theater today, analyzing works and their creative process, and preserving performances. At the crossroads of performing arts studies, the history, digital humanities, conservation and archiving, these methodologies allow us to take into account what is generally dismissed, namely, digital traces that are considered too complex, too numerous, too fragile, of dubious authenticity, etc.With the analysis of Merce Cunningham’s digital traces as a guideline, and through many other examples, this book is intended for researchers and archivists, as well as artists and cultural institutions.

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Nanoscience, nanotechnologies and the laws of quantum physics are sources of disruptive innovation that open up new fields of application. Quantum engineering enables the development of very sensitive materials, sensor measurement systems and computers. Quantum computing, which is based on two-level systems, makes it possible to manufacture computers with high computational power. This book provides essential knowledge and culminates with an industrial application of quantum engineering and nanotechnologies. It presents optical systems for measuring at the nanoscale, as well as quantum physics models that describe how a two-state system interacts with its environment. The concept of spin and its derivation from the Dirac equation is also explored, while theoretical foundations and example applications aid in understanding how a quantum gate works. Application of the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) method of mechanical structures is implemented, in order to ensure reliability of estimates from the measurement of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube structures. This book provides valuable support for teachers and researchers but is also intended for engineering students, working engineers and Master�s students.

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Heat is a branch of thermodynamics that occupies a unique position due to its involvement in the field of practice. Being linked to the management, transport and exchange of energy in thermal form, it impacts all aspects of human life and activity. Heat transfers are, by nature, classified as conduction, convection (which inserts conduction into fluid mechanics) and radiation. The importance of these three transfer methods has resulted – justifiably – in a separate volume being afforded to each of them, with the subject of convection split into two volumes.This third volume is dedicated to convection, more specifically, the foundations of convective transfers. Various angles are considered to cover this topic, including empirical relationships and analytically approaching boundary layers, including the integral methods and numerical approaches. The problem of heat exchangers is presented, without aiming to be an exhaustive treatise. Heat Transfer 3 combines a basic approach with a deeper understanding of the discipline and will therefore appeal to a wide audience, from technician to engineer, from doctoral student to teacher-researcher.

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The study of cyberspace is relatively new within the field of social sciences, yet interest in the subject is significant. Conflicts, Crimes and Regulations in Cyberspace contributes to the scientific debate being brought to the fore by addressing international and methodological issues, through the use of case studies.This book presents cyberspace as a socio-technical system on an international level. It focuses on state and non-state actors, as well as the study of strategic concepts and norms. Unlike global studies, the socio-technical approach and “meso” scale facilitate the analysis of cyberspace in international relations. This is an area of both collaboration and conflict for which specific modes of regulation have appeared.

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This book provides easy access to the basic principles and methods for solving constrained and unconstrained convex optimization problems. Included are sections that cover: basic methods for solving constrained and unconstrained optimization problems with differentiable objective functions; convex sets and their properties; convex functions and their properties and generalizations; and basic principles of sub-differential calculus and convex programming problems. Convex Optimization provides detailed proofs for most of the results presented in the book and also includes many figures and exercises for a better understanding of the material. Exercises are given at the end of each chapter, with solutions and hints to selected exercises given at the end of the book. Undergraduate and graduate students, researchers in different disciplines, as well as practitioners will all benefit from this accessible approach to convex optimization methods.

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Today, as cities undergo rapid and dynamic transformations, riddled with uncertainties about the future, the roles of urban planning and urban planners lie in one of these new crossroad moments. Climate change, urban migration, social inclusion, health emergencies and financial and economic crises have elevated urbanization to newer heights of complexity that can only be tackled by integrating a multitude of scenarios, strategies and discourses, in order to create an urban future that is resilient and sustainable. Urban planners have come up with transition proposals and concepts that they hope will be able to respond to cities� challenges and ultimately allow them to adapt and make the transition into more robust urban areas. This book presents and discusses various urban transition strategies, action plans and programs that have been proposed or even conducted in different countries all over the world. Different countries require different strategies, but they all have the same goal in mind, each of them trying to address urban complexities and cope with the rapid pace at which the world is evolving.

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Resulting from a conference that took place in Amiens, France, in June 2019, this book examines the place and role of objects centered in teaching practices from kindergarten to university, both in the context of France and elsewhere. These "objects for learning" are considered in their physicality as productions, work or signs that are used for learning. They become “objects to learn about” when the object itself is the learning objective.This book offers a cross-disciplinary perspective, linking the different disciplinary fields studied and the many reference sources used by the authors. This two-volume work offers an overview of current research on the subject, with this first volume introducing the questions addressed and then going on to investigate the relationship between objects and languages, looking at objects at the heart of early learning.

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Since the publication of the first Shanghai ranking in 2003, the international rankings of universities have become evermore important. This book examines the evolution of higher education systems and the role of universities in contemporary societies, which are marked by increased competition and tensions. Investigating whether the dynamism of large universities is an accurate indicator of the intellectual life of their civilizations, Universities and Civilizations systematically analyzes the evolution of universities in several main rankings, from their creation until now. This analysis shows the rise of universities in China and parts of Europe, the decline of American and Japanese universities and the scant presence of universities in Russia, India, Africa and Latin America. This book suggests an overhaul of traditional models of academic cooperation and exchange in an era of growing international tensions and a time when people and knowledge are increasingly mobile.

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